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Haiti
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English Governors of Tortuga
1631 - 21 Jan
1634
Anthony Hilton
(d. 1634)
1635
Nicholas Riskinner (Reiskimmer) (d.
1635)
1639 -
1640
Robert Flood
18 Feb 1654 - 8 Aug 1655 Spanish occupation
1656 - c.Apr 1660
Elias
Watts
French Governors of �le de la Tortue
30 Aug 1640 - Jul 1652 Fran�ois
Levasseur, seigneur de (d. 1652)
Ren�-de-Boisdouflet et des Lettres
(commandant from Nov 1641)
Jul 1652 - 18 Feb 1654
Louis d'Ache, chevalier de Fontenay(d. 1654)
18 Feb 1654 - 8 Aug 1655 Spanish occupation
Dec 1656 - 1663
J�r�mie Deschamps, chevalier,
(b. 1610 - d. 1670)
seigneur du Monsac et
du Rausset
1663 - Jun
1665
Fr�d�ric Deschamps, sieur de la
Place, neveu de du Rausset
(interim)
6 Jun 1665 -
1668
Bertrand Denis d'Ogeron, sieur (b. 1613 -
d. 1676)
de
la Bou�re (Labou�re)(1st time)
1668 - Sep 1669
Jacques Nepveu de
Pouanc�, (d. 1683)
sieur de Pouanc� (Pouancey)
(1st time)(acting)
Jun 1669 - Feb
1673 Bertrand
Denis d'Ogeron, sieur (s.a.)
de la Bou�re (Labou�re)(2nd time)
Apr
1673
J�r�me du Sarrat, sieur de La
Perri�re (acting)
Apr 1673 - Sep 1675
Bertrand Denis d'Ogeron, sieur
(s.a.)
de
la Bou�re (Labou�re)(3rd
time)
Sep 1675 - Aug
1676
Pierre-Paul Tarin, sieur de Cussy (d. 1691)
(1st time) (acting)
Aug 1676 - 1681
Jacques Neveu de Pouanc�,
(s.a.)
sieur de Pouanc� (Pouancey)
(2nd time)
1681 - May 1682
Fran�ois de Pardieu de
Franquesnay
(acting)
May 1682 - 30 Sep 1683
Jacques Nepveu de Pouanc�,
(s.a.)
sieur de Pouanc� (Pouancey)
(3rd time)
1683 - Apr 1684
Jacques de Pardieu de Franquesnay
(d. 1691)
(acting)
30 Apr 1684 - 21 Jan 1691
Pierre-Paul Tarin, sieur de Cussy
(s.a.)
(2nd time)
Jan 1691 - 1 Oct
1691 Jean-Jacques Dumas
(commandant) (d. 1695)
(acting)
1 Oct 1691 - Mar 1697
Jean-Baptiste Ducasse (1st time)
(b. 1646 - d. 1715)
23 Mar 1697 - 10 May
1697 Jacques Yvon, sieur des Landes
(b. 1645 - d. 1698)
(acting)
10 May 1697 - 26 Jun
1697 come de Boissy Raym� (acting)
(d. 1697)
Governors of
Saint-Domingue
Jun 1697 - 1699
Jean-Baptiste Ducasse (2nd time)
(s.a.)
9 May 1699 -
1700
Joseph de Bouloc, seigneur de La (b. 16.. -
d. 1708)
Mothe
Jul 1700 - 16 Nov 1703
Joseph d'Honon de
Gallifet
(b. 1655 - d. 1706)
(interim)
16 Nov 1703 - 13 Oct
1705 Charles
Auger
(b. 1640 - d. 1705)
13 Oct 1705 - 28 Dec
1707 Jean-Pierre de Charitte (1st time) (b. 1658 -
d. 1723)
(interim)
28 Dec 1707 - 7 Feb
1711 Fran�ois Joseph, comte
de
(b. 1650 - d. 1711)
Choiseul-Beaupr�s
7 Feb 1711 - 24 May
1711 Laurent de
Valernod
(b. 1669 - d. 1711)
4 May 1711 - 29 Aug 1712
Jean-Pierre de Charitte (2nd time) (s.a.)
(interim)
24 May 1711 - 25 Jun 1712 Gabriel Jean Nicolas de
Gabaret, (b. 1641 - d. 1712)
seigneur de Saint-Sornin
(died
before taking office)
29 Aug 1712 - 13 Jun
1713 Paul-Fran�ois de La
Grange, (b.
c.1670 - d. 1745)
comte d'Arquian (interim)
1713
Jean-Joseph de Paty
(b. 1664 - d. 1723)
(at Petit Go�ve)
13 Jun 1713 - 1 Jan 1714 Louis de
Courbon, comte de Bl�nac, (b. 1654 - d. 1722)
marquis de Coutr�
Governors-general
1 Jan 1714 - 11 Jan 1717 Louis de
Courbon, comte de Bl�nac, (s.a.)
marquis de Coutr�
11 Jan 1717 - 10 Jul 1719 Joseph Charles
Joubert de la (b. c.1658 - d.
1722)
Bastide, marquis de Ch�teaumorand
10 Jul 1719 - 6 Dec 1723 L�on,
marquis de
Sorel
(b. 1655 - d. 1743)
23 Nov 1723 - Apr
1724 Gilles-Charles des Nos,
comte de (b. c.1653 - d. 1726)
Champmeslin
(exercises functions of lieutenant-general)
6 Dec 1723 - 8 Oct 1731 Gaspard
Charles de Gouss�, (b. 1670
- d. 1748)
chevalier de La Rochallart
8 Oct 1731 - 4 Feb
1732 Antoine Gabriel, marquis de Vienne (b. c.1678
- d. 1732)
de Busserolles
4 Feb 1732 - 27 Oct 1732
�tienne Cochard de Chastenoye (d.
c.1749)
(Chastenoy) (1st time) (acting)
27 Oct 1732 - 11 Jul 1737
Pierre, marquis de
Fayet
(b. 1675 - d. 1737)
11 Jul 1737 - 11 Nov 1737 �tienne
Cochard de Chastenoye (s.a.)
(Chastenoy) (2nd time) (acting)
11 Nov 1737 - 17 Nov 1746 Charles de
Brunier, marquis
(b. 1687 - d. 1746)
de Larnage
17 Nov 1746 - 12 Aug 1748 �tienne
Cochard de Chastenoye (s.a.)
(Chastenoy) (3rd time) (acting)
12 Aug 1748 - 29 Mar 1751 Hubert de
Brienne, comte
de (b. 1690 -
d. 1777)
Conflans
29 Mar 1751 - 31 May 1753 Emmanuel
Auguste de Cahideux, (b. 1683 - d.
1764)
comte du Bois de Lamothe
31 May 1753 - 24 Mar 1757 Joseph
Hyacinthe de
Rigaud, (b.
1706 - d. 1764)
marquis de Vaudreuil
24 Mar 1757 - 30 Mar 1762 Philippe
Fran�ois
Bart
(b. 1706 - d. 1784)
30 Mar 1762 - 7 Mar 1763 Gabriel de
Bory de Saint-Vincent (b. 1720 - d. 1801)
7 Mar 1763 - 4 Aug
1763 Armand, vicomte de
Belzunce (b.
1722 - d. 1763)
4 Aug 1763 - 23 Apr 1764
Pierre Andr� de Gohin,
comte (b. 1722 - d.
1796)
de Montreuil (interim)
24 Apr 1764 - 1 Jul 1766
Jean-Baptiste Charles-Henri
(b. 1729 - d. 1794)
Th�odat, comte d'Estaing
1 Jul 1766 - May 1769
Louis-Armand-Constantin de Rohan, (b. 1730
- d. 1794)
chevalier de Rohan, prince de
Montbazon
May 1769 - 10 Feb 1770 Robert,
comte d'Argout (1st time) (b. 1724 - d. 1780)
(interim)
10 Feb 1770 - 15 Jan 1772 Pierre G�d�on, comte de
Nolivos (b. 1715 - d. 1795)
15 Jan 1772 - Oct 1772
�tienne-Louis Ferron de la
(b. 1731 - d. 1796)
Ferronnays (acting)
Oct 1772 - 10 Apr 1775 Louis
Florent, marquis de Valli�re (b. 1719 - d. 1775)
12 May 1775 - 16 Aug 1775 Jean-Fran�ois,
comte de Reynaud (b. 1731 - d. 1812)
de Villeverd (1st time) (acting)
16 Aug 1775 - 13 Dec 1776 Victor Th�r�se
Charpentier,
(b. 1732 - d. 1776)
comte d'Ennery
13 Dec 1776 - 22 May 1777 Jean-Baptiste
de Tastes de (b.
1739 - d. 1803)
Lilancour (1st time) (acting)
22 May 1777 - 7 Mar 1780 Robert,
comte d'Argout (2nd time) (s.a.)
7 Mar 1780 - 25 Apr 1780
Jean-Baptiste de Tastes de
(s.a.)
Lilancour (2nd time) (acting)
25 Apr 1780 - 28 Jul 1781 Jean-Fran�ois,
comte de Reynaud (s.a.)
de Villeverd (2nd time)
28 Jul 1781 - 14 Feb 1782 Jean-Baptiste
de Tastes de
(s.a.)
Lilancour (3rd time) (acting)
14 Feb 1782 - 3 Jul 1785 Pierre
Guillaume L�onard Sarrazin (b. 1728 - d. 1792)
de Bellecombe, seigneur de Teirac
3 Jul 1785 - 23 Apr 1786
Gui-Pierre de Coustard (acting) (b. 1724 -
d. 1793)
27 Apr 1786 - 13 Nov 1787 C�sar-Henri
Guillaume, comte de (b. 1737 - d. 1799)
La
Luzerne
13 Nov 1787 - 22 Dec 1788 Alexandre de
Vincent de Mazade (b. 1735 - d.
1808)
(1st time)
22 Dec 1788 - 10 Jul 1789 Marie Charles,
marquis du Chilleau (b. 1734 - d. 1794)
10 Jul 1789 - 19 Aug 1789 Alexandre de
Vincent de Mazade (s.a.)
(2nd time) (interim)
19 Aug 1789 - 9 Nov 1790 Louis
Antoine de
Thomassin, (b.
1731 - d. 1809)
comte de Peynier
9 Nov 1790 - 17 Sep 1792
Philibert Fran�ois Rouxel
de (b. 1735 - d.
1793)
Blanchelande
29 Nov 1791 - 17 Sep 1792 Civil
Commissioners
+
�dmond de Saint-L�ger
(to 30 Mar 1792)
+ Fr�d�ric de
Mirbeck
(b. 1732 -
d. 1818)
(to 1 Apr 1792)
+ Philippe-Rose Roume de Saint-
(b. 1743 - d. 1805)
Laurent (1st time)(to 17 Sep 1792)
1792
Adrien-Nicolas Pi�defer, marquis (b. 1735 -
d. 1816)
de
la Salle, comte d'Offr�mont
17 Sep 1792 - 23 Oct 1792 Jean-Jacques
d'Esparb�s de Lussan (b. 1720 - d. 1810)
17 Sep 1792 - 14 Jun 1794 Civil
Commissioners
+ L�ger F�licit�
Sonthonax
(b. 1763 - d. 1813)
(1st time)
+ �tienne Polverel
(b. 1738 - d. 1795)
+ Jean-Antoine Ailhaud
(b. 1749 - d. 1828)
(to Jan 1793)
23 Oct 1792 - 2 Jan 1793 Donatien
Marie Joseph de Vimeur, (b. 1755 - d.
1813)
vicomte de Rochambeau (1st time)
7 May 1793 - 24 Jun 1793
Fran�ois-Thomas Galbaud du Fort (b.
1743 - d. 1801)
(Dufort)
14 Oct 1793 - 11 May 1796 �tienne Maynaud
Bizefranc,
(b. 1751 - d. 1828)
comte de Laveaux
(mulatto prisoner 20-25 Mar 1796)
11 May 1796 - 24 Aug 1797 Commissioners
of the Directory
+ L�ger F�licit� Sonthonax
(s.a.)
(2nd time) (commissioner)
+ Julien
Raimond (1st time) (b. 1744 -
d. 1801)
+
Georges-Pierre LeBlanc
(d. 1797)
(to Jan 1797)
+ Marc-Antoine
Alexis Giraud (b.
1748 - d. 1821)
(to Nov 1796)
+ Philippe-Rose
Roume de Saint- (s.a.)
Laurent (2nd time)
1 Apr 1797 - 5 May 1802
Pierre-Fran�ois
Dominique
(b. 1743 - d. 1803)
Toussaint-Louverture
(from 4 Mar 1801, captain-general)
(French prisoner 7 Jun 1802 - 7 Apr 1803)
27 Mar 1798 - 23 Oct 1798 Gabriel Marie
Th�odore-Joseph (b. 1755 -
d. 1825)
H�douville -Commissioner
10 Jan 1799 - 25 Nov 1800 Philippe-Rose
Roume de Saint- (s.a.)
Laurent -French Agent (2nd
time)
(commissioner of executive directory)
(Toussaint-Louverture
prisoner 11 Apr - 1 Sep 1800)
20 Apr 1800 - 21 Jul 1801 Commissioners
- Pierre Michel (to Dec 1800) (b.
1738 - d. 1813)
- Charles Humbert Marie de Vincent (b. 1753 - d. 1831)
- Julien Raimond (2nd
time) (s.a.)
(to Jul 1801)
1801 - 26 Jul 1802
Fran�ois-Jacques de Lequoy-
(b. 1748 - d. 1804)
Montgiraud -Prefect
5 Feb 1802 - 2 Nov 1802 Charles Victor
Emmanuel Leclerc (b. 1772 - d. 1802)
5 Feb 1802 - 13 Jun 1802 Pierre
B�n�zech -Prefect
(b. 1745 - d. 1802)
2 Nov 1802 - 14 Jun 1803
Jean-Pierre-Paulin Hector, comte (b. 1774 -
d. 1846)
Daure (d'Aure) -Prefect
2 Nov 1802 - 29 Nov 1803 Donatien Marie
Joseph de Vimeur,
vicomte de Rochambeau (2nd time) (s.a.)
14 Jun 1803 - 14 Nov 1803 Louis Maurice
Taupin de Magnytot (b. 1757 - d. 1823)
(Magnitot) -Prefect
30 Nov 1803 - 31 Dec 1803 Jean-Jacques
Dessalines
(b. 1758 - d. 1806)
Intendants of Justice, Police and
Finances of the French Colony of Saint-Domingue
1 May 1682 - 24 Nov 1684 Michel B�gon de la
Picardi�re (b. 1638 - d.
1710)
(intendant aux �les d'Am�rique)
20 Aug 1692 - Jul 1695 Boyer
(d. 1695)
(�crivain principal de la
marine,
tr�sorier de la Marine � Saint-Domingue)
1695 - 23 May 1696
sieur de Chaumel
(d. 1696)
1 Mar 1697 - Feb 1705
Marie
(�crivain principal de la
marine)
23 Feb 1705 - 17 Oct 1707 Andr�
Bourreau-Deslandes
(b. 1669 - d. 1707)
(commissaire ordonnateur)
5 Nov 1707 - 15 Feb 1708
Mercier (interim)
(commissaire ordonnateur)
15 Feb 1708 - 9 Sep 1708 de
Verninac (interim)
(commissaire ordonnateur)
2 Oct 1708 - 18 Sep
1720 Jean-Jacques Mithon de Senneville (b.
1669 - d. 1737)
(commissaire
ordonnateur to 6 Mar 1719)
18 Sep 1720 - 18 Mar 1722 Jean-Baptiste
Dubois Duclos (d. 1737)
(1st
time) (acting)
18 Mar 1722 - 17 Dec 1725 Fran�ois de
Montholon
(b. 1682 - d. 1725)
17 Dec 1725 - 20 May 1726 de Godemart
(interim)
(d. 1726)
(commissaire ordonnateur)
20 May 1726 - 19 Dec 1726
Jacques-Pierre Tesson de Saint- (d. 1732)
Aubin (acting)
19 Dec 1726 - 30 Jan 1736 Jean-Baptiste
Dubois Duclos (s.a.)
(2nd time)(commissaire-g�n�ral to 7 Dec
1729)
6 Feb 1730 - 19 Oct 1730
Jacques-Pierre Tesson de Saint- (s.a.)
Aubin (acting for absent Duclos)
30 Jan 1736 - 9 Nov 1737 Daniel
Henri de Besset,
(b. 1705 - d. 1737)
seigneur de la Chapelle
9 Nov 1737 - 24 Dec 1738 Pierre de
Sartre de Vacquerolles (d. 1738)
(interim)
5 Jan 1739 - 7 Jan 1751 Simon
Pierre Maillart
(b. 1690 - d. 1758)
7 Jan 1751 - 14 Dec 1758
Jean-Baptiste Laporte de Lalanne (b. c.1708 - d.
1758)
Dec 1758 - 7 Mar
1760 Joseph Elias (interim)
(d. 1760)
7 Mar 1760 - 1 Dec 1760 Jean
Joseph Peyrat (acting) (b.
1707 - d. 1794)
1 Dec 1760 - 23 Apr 1764 Jean
�tienne Bernard Ogier de (b. 1729 -
d. 1776)
Clugny,
baron de Nuits
23 Apr 1764 - 1 Jul 1766 Ren�
Magon
(b. 1722 - d. 1778)
1 Jul 1766 - 17 Jun 1771 Alexandre Jacques
de Bongars, (b. 1719 - d.
1787)
chevalier
de Bongars (1st time)
17 Jun 1771 - 15 Apr 1774 Jean-Fran�ois Vincent de
(b. 1730 - d. 1783)
Montarcher de Morandi�res
15 Apr 1774 - 21 Jun 1780 Jean-Baptiste Guillemin
de Vaivre (b. 1736 - d. 1818)
21 Jun 1780 - 14 Feb 1782 Joseph Alexandre Le
Brasseur (b. 1745 - d. 1794)
(interim)
14 Feb 1782 - 9 Nov 1785 Alexandre Jacques
de Bongars, (s.a.)
chevalier
de Bongars (2nd time)
9 Nov 1785 - 28 Oct 1789 Fran�ois
Barb�-Marbois, marquis (b. 1745 - d. 1837)
de
Barb�-Marbois
1790 - 1791
Vincent-Ren�, chevalier
de Proisy
(Proissy) (interim)
(commissaire des colonies)
British Occupied Saint-Domingue
Military Governors
19 Sep 1793 - May 1795 John
Whitelock
(b. 1758 - d. 1833)
May 1795 - Mar
1796 Adam
Williamson
(b. 1736 - d. 1798)
Mar 1796 - Mar 1796 Gordon
Forbes
(b. 1738 - d. 1828)
Mar 1797 - Jul 1797
John Graves
Simcoe
(b. 1752 - d. 1806)
Jul 1797 - Apr 1798
John
Whyte
(b. 1740? - d. 1816)
Apr 1798 - 2 Oct 1798 Thomas
Maitland
(b. 1759 - d. 1824)
Note: Haiti was split de facto between a "North" and a "South" government from 28 Dec 1806 to 26 Oct 1820. This is shown below as an overlap of two polities, the first called Haiti (North), from independence (1804) to the death of King Henri I (1820); the second, Haiti, from 1806 to the present (South to 1820). There were also several short-lived secessions of parts of the country; these are listed at the end of this record.
|
|
|
| Map
of Haiti 1806-08 and Map of Haiti 1808-20 |
Constitutions
(17 Feb 1807 - 6 Apr 1811) (6 Apr 1811 - 8 Oct 1820) |
Capital:
Cap-Henri (Cap-Ha�tien) 1811-1820; Milot 1806-1811; Port-au-Prince 1804-1806 |
1 Jan 1804
Declaration of independence issued
on behalf of
Arm�e Indig�ne is proclaimed at Gona�ves.
1 Jan
1804
Haiti (Ha�ti).
8 Oct
1804
Empire of Haiti (Empire d'Ha�ti).
17 Oct
1806
Haiti (Ha�ti).
28 Dec
1806
Henry Christophe is elected to the office President of
Haiti
in
R�publique d'Ha�ti; he did not take office and attempted
to
destroy that polity.
17 Feb
1807
State of Haiti (�tat d'Ha�ti).
28 Mar
1811
Kingdom of Haiti (Royaume d'Ha�ti).
8 Oct
1820
Extinction of the state.
26 Oct
1820
Incorporated into Republic of Haiti.
Governor-general�
1 Jan 1804 - 8 Oct 1804 Jean-Jacques
Dessalines
(b. 1758 - d. 1806) Mil
Emperor�
8 Oct 1804 - 17 Oct 1806
Jacques
I
(s.a.)
Provisional Chief of the Haitian
Government
17 Oct 1806 - 17 Feb 1807 Henry
Christophe
(b. 1767 - d. 1820) Mil
(accepts nomination 23 Oct 1806)
President and Generalissimo
17 Feb 1807 - 28 Mar 1811 Henry
Christophe
(s.a.)
Mil
King�
28 Mar 1811 - 8 Oct 1820
Henri
I
(s.a.)
�The style of the rulers:
1 Jan 1804 - 8 Oct 1804:
gouverneur-g�n�ral � vie de l'�le d'Ha�ti
("Governor-general for Life of the Island of
Haiti"), used the style gouverneur-g�n�ral in
legal documents.;
8 Oct 1804 - 17 Oct 1806: Empereur
d'Ha�ti et chef supr�me de l'arm�e par la gr�ce de
Dieu et la loi constitutionnelle de l'�tat
("Emperor of Haiti and Supreme Chief of the Army by the
Grace of God and the Constitutional Law of the State");
17 Oct 1806 - 17 Feb 1807:
chef provisoire du gouvernement ha�tien ("Provisional
Chief of the Haitian Government"), accepts the
nomination 23 Oct 1807, using the style chef du
gouvernement;
17 Feb 1807 - 28 Mar 1811: Pr�sident
et g�n�ralissime des forces de terre et de mer
d'Ha�ti ("President and Generalissimo of the
Land and Sea Forces of Haiti");
28 Mar 1811 - 8 Oct 1820: Par la gr�ce
de Dieu et la loi constitutionnelle de l'�tat, roi
d'Ha�ti ("By the Grace of God and the
Constitutional Law of the State, King of Haiti").
Haiti
27 Dec
1806
Republic of Haiti (R�publique d'Ha�ti).
28 Dec 1806
Henry Christophe is elected President of
Haiti, but did not take
office
(his appointment lapses on 12 Jan 1807 and he is
deprived of all civil and military functions by the
Senate
on 27
Jan 1807).
27 Jan 1843 - 1 Mar 1846 Haitian Republic (R�publique
Ha�tienne).
26 Aug
1849
Empire of Haiti (Empire d'Ha�ti).
22 Dec 1858
Republic of Haiti (R�publique d'Ha�ti = [from 28
Apr 1987]
Repiblik d Ayiti).
Presidents
28 Dec 1806 - 27 Jan 1807 Henri
Christophe
(b. 1767 - d. 1820) Mil
(does not accept or take office,
appointment lapsed on 12 Jan 1807)
19 Jan 1807 - 10 Mar 1807 Bruno Blanchet a�n�
(acting) (b. 1760 - d.
1822)
(Secretary of State)
10 Mar 1807 - 9 Mar 1811 Anne-Alexandre
Sab�s, dit P�tion (b. 1770 - d. 1818)
Mil
"Papa Bon Coeur" (1st time)
9 Mar 1811 - 10 Mar 1811 Jean-Chrysost�me
Imbert (1st time) (b. 1779 - d. 1855) Mil
(acting)(Administrator-general of Finances)
10 Mar 1811 - 9 Mar 1815 Anne-Alexandre
Sab�s, dit P�tion (s.a.)
Mil
(2nd time)
9 Mar 1815 - 10 Mar 1815 Jean-Chrysost�me
Imbert (2nd time) (s.a.)
Mil
(acting)
10 Mar 1815 - 29 Mar 1818 Anne-Alexandre Sab�s,
dit P�tion
(s.a.)
Mil
(3rd time)
29 Mar 1818 - 1 Apr 1818 Jean-Chrysost�me
Imbert (3rd time) (s.a.)
Mil
(acting)(Secretary of State)
1 Apr 1818 - 14 Mar 1843 Jean-Pierre Boyer
(b. 1776 - d.
1850) Mil
14 Mar 1843 - 17 Mar 1843 Andr� Pili�
(Provisional Secretary of State)
14 Mar 1843 - 17 Mar 1843 Provisional
Popular Committee of Port-au-Prince
(alternate municipal authority)
- Auguste Brouard
(b. 18.. - d. 1845) Mil
- J.-B. Courty
- P.-H. Jeanton
- Daret
- Merlet
- Auguste Louis-Charles �mile
Nau (b. 1812 - d. 1860)
- Louis Lilavois
(b.c.1789 - d. 18..) Mil
19 Mar 1843 - 21 Mar 1843 Jean-Joseph
Dieudonn�
Mil
(President of
Popular Committee of Port-au-Prince)
10 Mar 1843 - 4 Apr 1843 Charles H�rard
a�n�, dit Rivi�re (b. 1787 - d. 1850)
Mil
H�rard (1st time)(Chief of Execution of
the
Sovereign will of the People and of its
Resolutions, in rebellion 27 Jan - 21 Mar 1843)
4 Apr 1843 - 4 Jan 1844
Provisional Government
- Jean-Chrysost�me Imbert
(s.a.)
Mil
- Jean-Auguste Voltaire
(b. 1761 - d. 1843)
(to 22 Jul 1843)
- Jean-Jacques Louis Philippe
(b. 1757 - d. 1845) Mil
Guerrier
- Victorin Nolasque Segr�tier
Mil
- Charles
H�rard a�n�, dit Rivi�re
(s.a.)
Mil
H�rard (responsible for chairing
the deliberations from 17 Apr 1843)
- Lazarre (from
19 Aug 1843)
Mil
4 Jan 1844 - 3 May
1844 Charles H�rard a�n�, dit Rivi�re
(s.a.)
Mil
H�rard (2nd time)
5 Apr 1844 - 24 Jun 1844 Louis Jean-Jacques
Acaau
(d.
1846)
Mil
(General Chief of Citizens Grievances;
in
rebellion)
3 May 1844 - 15 Apr 1845 Jean-Jacques
Louis Philippe
(s.a.)
Mil
Guerrier
(from 26 Apr 1844, in dissidence
as
President of the Department of North)
15 Apr 1845 - 3 May 1845 Council of
Secretaries of State
- Jacques-Sylvain Hyppolite,
(b. 1784 - d. 1857)
dit Gelin
(president of the council)
- Alexis Beaubrun
Ardouin
(b. 1796 - d. 1865)
- Jean M. Paul
(b. 1800 - d.
1872)
- Gui Ann L�on D�tr�
3 May 1845 - 1 Mar 1846
Jean-Louis Michel Pierrot
(b. 1765 - d. 1857) Mil
(continues
in dissidence to 24 Mar 1846)
1 Mar 1846 - 27 Feb 1847 Jean-Baptiste
Rich�
(b. 1776 - d. 1847) Mil
27 Feb 1847 - 2 Mar 1847 Council of
Secretaries of State
- Charles Nicolas C�ligny Ardouin (b. 1801 - d.
1849)
- Bertrand Al�xis Borgia Dupuy (b. 1814 -
d. ....)
- Gui Ann L�on D�tr�
- Alphonse Larochel
2 Mar 1847 - 26 Aug 1849 Faustin �li
Soulouque
(b. 1782 - d. 1867) Mil
Emperor�
26 Aug 1849 - 15 Jan 1859 Faustin
I
(s.a.)
Presidents
15 Jan 1859 - 13 Mar 1867 Fabre Nicolas
Guillaume Geffrard (b. 1806 - d.
1879) Mil
(President of the Revolutionary Committee
[in rebellion from 23 Dec 1858],
at Gona�ves, to 20 Jan 1859)
13 Mar 1867 - 20 Mar 1867 Council of
Secretaries of State
-
Exilien
Heurtelou
(b. 1814 - d. 1869)
- J.-J.
Saint-Victor
-
Jean-Baptiste Symphor Linstant (b. 1812
- d. 1884)
de Pradines
-
Dorfeuil (Darfeuil) Laborde
-
Septimus Rameau
(b. 1826 - d. 1876)
Mil
20 Mar 1867 - 2 May 1867 Jean Nicholas
Nissage-Saget
(b. 1810 - d. 1880) Mil
(1st time)
(President of Provisional Government)
2 May 1867 - 3 May 1867 Provisional
Government
- Jean Nicholas
Nissage-Saget (s.a.)
Mil
- Victor Jean-Marie
Eustache (b. 1815 -
d. 1869)
Chevallier, dit Victorin
Chevallier
- Sylvain
Salnave
(b. 1826 - d. 1870) Mil
3 May 1867 - 27 Dec 1869 Sylvain
Salnave
(s.a.)
Mil
(Protector of the Republic to 16 Jun 1867;
then
provsional President to 14 Jun 1867)
(abandons Port-au-Prince 19 Dec 1869)
27 Dec 1869 - 14 May 1874 Jean Nicholas
Nissage-Saget
(s.a.)
PL
(2nd time)
(president of Provisional Government to 20 Mar 1870)
14 May 1874 - 14 Jun 1874 Council of
Secretaries of State
- Sa�l Liautaud
- Joseph Lamothe
(d. 1891)
Mil
- Jean Octavius Rameau
- Raoul Excellent
14 Jun 1874 - 15 Apr 1876 Michel
Domingue
(b. 1813 - d. 1877) Mil
15 Apr 1876 - 23 Apr 1876 B. Rivi�re
(president of
the Revolutionary Committee
of
the District of Port-au-Prince)
23 Apr 1876 - 19 Jul 1876 Provisional
Government
- Pierre-Th�oma
Boisrond-Canal (b. 1832 - d.
1905) PL
- Jean-Louis
Hyppolite
- Louis
Tanis
a�n�
Mil + PN
- Antoine-Louis
Audain, dit Louis (b. 1828 - d. 1896) PL
Audain p�re
-
Monbrun Arnoux
19 Jul 1876 - 17 Jul 1879 Pierre-Th�oma
Boisrond-Canal
(s.a.)
PL
(1st time)
18 Jul 1879 - 26 Jul 1879 Pierre Charles
Barth�lemy (s.a.)
Denis, dit Darius Denis
(president of Public Order Committee
of the Capital)
26 Jul 1879 - 26 Oct 1879 Provisional
Government
- H�riston
(H�risson)
H�riss�
Mil + PN
(to 3 Oct 1879)
- Paul
Tir�sias Antoine Auguste (b. 1835 -
d. 1916) PN
Simon-Sam
- Adelson
Douyon (to 3 Oct 1879)
(b.c.1793 - d. 18..)
(ci-devant baron Douyon)
- Joseph Lamothe (to 3 Oct 1879)
(s.a.)
Mil
- Diog�ne
Serres (to 3 Oct 1879)
- Louis
�tienne F�licit� Lysius
(b. 1815 - d. 1888) PN
Salomon, dit Lysius Salomon
jeune
(from 3 Oct 1879)
(president)
- Richelieu
Duperval
Mil + PN
(from 3
Oct 1879)
- Louis
Mondestin Florvil (b.
1827 - d. 1896) Mil
Hyppolite (1st time)
(from 3
Oct 1879)
- S��de
Th�l�maque (1st time) (b.c.1826 - d.
1888) Mil + PN
(from
3 Oct 1879)
- Numa
Jean-Auguste Laurent Rigaud (b.c.1799 - d. 1880)
(from 3
Oct 1879)
- Surpris
Laurent (from 3 Oct 1879)
26 Oct 1879 - 10 Aug 1888 Louis �tienne F�licit�
Lysius (s.a.)
PN
Salomon, dit Lysius Salomon jeune
27 Mar 1883 - 27 Oct 1883 Charles Jean-Pierre
Bazelais, (b. 1836 - d.
1884) PL
dit Jean-Pierre Boyer-Bazelais
(Chief Executive of the Central Revolutionary Committee;
in
dissidence)
10 Aug 1888 - 24 Aug 1888
Pierre-Th�oma Boisrond-Canal
(s.a.)
PL
(exercising executive authority in Port-au-Prince)
24 Aug 1888 - 1 Sep 1888 Provisional
Government
- Pierre-Th�oma
Boisrond-Canal
(s.a.)
PL
- S��de
Th�l�maque (2nd time) (s.a.)
Mil +
PN
-
Fran�ois D�us L�gitime, dit
(b. 1841 - d. 1935) PN
Fran�ois Denys L�gitime
- Ultimo
Saint-Amand
(b.c.1818 - d. 1876)
- Louis
Mondestin Florvil
(s.a.)
Mil
Hyppolite (2nd time)
-
�tienne Erystale Claude
(b. c.1850 - d. 1918)
- Pierre-Charles
Amilton Archin (b. 1832 - d. 1896)
1 Sep 1888 - 16 Oct 1888 Pierre-Th�oma
Boisrond-Canal
(s.a.)
PL
(2nd time)
(President of Provisional Government)
16 Oct 1888 - 22 Aug 1889 Fran�ois D�us
L�gitime, dit
(s.a.)
PN
Fran�ois Denys L�gitime
(Chief of Executive Power to 18 Dec 1888)
23 Aug 1889 - 24 Mar 1896 Louis
Mondestin Florvil Hyppolite (s.a.)
Mil+PL
(from 27 Nov 1888 provisional president, in
dissidence;
provisional president to 17 Oct 1889)
24 Mar 1896 - 1 Apr 1896 Council of
Secretaries of State
- Paul Tir�sias Antoine Auguste (s.a.)
Mil
Simon-Sam
- Jean Antoine Tancr�de Auguste (b.
1856 - d. 1913) PL
- Pourcely Faine
- Jean-Baptiste Callisth�nes A. (b.
1840 - d. 1915) PL
Fouchard
- Louis-Philippe Thimocles Labidou (b. 1847 -
d. 1898)
1 Apr 1896 - 13 May 1902 Paul Tir�sias
Antoine Auguste
(s.a.)
PN
Simon-Sam
13 May 1902 - 18 Dec 1902
Pierre-Th�oma
Boisrond-Canal
(s.a.)
PL
(3rd time)
(President of Committee of Public Safety to 26
May 1902,
then
President of the Provisional Government)
4 Aug 1902 - 15 Oct 1902 Joseph Ant�nor
Firmin
(b. 1850 - d. 1911) PL
(President of Executive Council of
Artibonite and the Northwest; in rebellion)
18 Dec 1902 - 2 Dec 1908 Pierre Nord
Alexis
(b. 1820 - d. 1910) Mil+PN
(Chief of Executive Power to 23 Dec 1902)
2 Dec 1908 - 6 Dec 1908 Louis-Auguste
Boisrond-Canal, dit (b. 1874 - d. 1940) Mil
Boisrond-Canal jeune
(President of Commission
for Maintenance of Law and Order)
6 Dec 1908 - 2 Aug 1911 Fran�ois C.
Antoine "A.T." Simon (b. 1844 - d.
1923) PL
(Chief of Executive Power to 20 Dec 1908)
21 Jul 1911 - 8 Aug 1912 Jean-Jacques
Dessalines Michel (b. 1854 - d.
1912) PN
Cincinnatus Leconte
(Supreme Chief of the Revolution to 5 Aug 1911;
Chief of Executive Power 5-15 Aug 1911)
1911 - 5 Nov 1911
Horatius Limage Philippe
(President of Central Revolutionary
Committee; in
dissidence)
8 Aug 1912 - 9 Aug 1912 Council
of Secretaries of State
- Horatius Limage Philippe
- Jean-Pierre Joseph Edmond
(b. 1856 - d. 1933)
Lespinasse (1st time)
- Antoine Constantin Sansaricq
(b. 1868 - d. 1941)
- Jacques Nicolas L�ger (1st time) (b. 1859 - d. 1918)
- John D�joie Laroche
(b. 1861 - d. 1921)
- Tertulien Marcelin Guilbaud (b.
1856 - d. 1937)
(1st time)
9 Aug 1912 - 2 May 1913 Jean
Antoine Tancr�de Auguste
(s.a.)
Mil+PN
2 May 1913 - 4 May 1913 Council
of Secretaries of State
- Fran�ois Baufoss� Laroche
(b. 1865 - d. 1921)
- Seymour Pradel
(b.
1876 - d. 1943) PLN
- Jacques Nicolas L�ger (2nd time) (s.a.)
- Tertulien Marcelin Guilbaud
(s.a.)
(2nd time)
- Jean-Pierre Joseph Edmond
(s.a.)
Lespinasse (2nd time)
- Andr� Faustin Guatimosin Boco
4 May 1913 - 27 Jan 1914 Michel Oreste
Lafontant, dit (b.
1859 - d. 1918) Non-party
Michel-Oreste
28? Jan 1914 - 7? Feb 1914 St�phen Archer
(b. 1854 - d. 1926)
(President of Committee of Public
Safety,
in Port-au-Prince)
2. Jan 1914 - 8 Feb 1914 Edmond Sylvestre
Polynice
(b. 1855 - d. 19..) Mil
(Commandant of Port-au-Prince
arrondissement)
(1st time)
2 Feb 1914 - 28 Oct 1914 Emmanuel
Oreste
Zamor
(b. 1861 - d. 1915) Mil
(Chief of Executive Power to 8 Feb 1914)
29 Oct 1914 - 6 Nov 1914 Edmond Sylvestre
Polynice
(s.a.)
Mil
(President of Committee of Public Welfare)
(2nd time)
19 Oct 1914 - 22 Feb 1915 Joseph Davilmar
Th�odore
(b. 1847 - d. 1917) Mil
(Chief of Executive Power to 10 Nov 1914,
in dissidence
to 6 Nov 1914)
19 Jan 1915 - 27 Jul 1915 Jean Simon Sam, dit
Vilbrun (b. 1859 - d.
1915) Mil
Guillaume-Sam (Chief of Executive Power
to 4 Mar 1915; in dissidence
to 25 Feb 1915)
5 May 1915 - 6 Aug 1915 Pierre
Fran�ois Joseph Benoit (b. 1874 - d.
1929) PRR
Rosalvo Bobo, dit Rosalvo Bobo)
(Chief of Executive Power; in dissidence)
28 Jul 1915 - 11 Aug 1915 Revolutionary
Committee
- Charles de Delva
(b. 1870 - d. 1944)
- Edmond Sylvestre Polynice
(s.a.)
Mil
- Diog�ne D�linois
(b.c.1859 - d. 19..)
- Charles
Zamor
(d.
1931)
Mil
- Gaston Pierre-Joseph Antoine
(b.c.1878 - d. 1950)
Dalencour
- Ermane (Ermann) Robin
12 Aug 1915 - 15 May 1922 Philippe Sudre
Dartiguenave
(b. 1863 - d. 1926) Non-party
15 May 1922 - 15 May 1930 Eustache Antoine
Fran�ois Joseph (b. 1865 - d. 1942)
Non-party;
Louis Borno
1930:PPN
15 May 1930 - 18 Nov 1930 Louis Eug�ne
Roy
(b. 1861 - d. 1938) Non-party
18 Nov 1930 - 15 May 1941 St�nio Joseph
Vincent
(b. 1874 - d. 1959) Non-party
15 May 1941 - 11 Jan 1946 Louis
L�ocardie �lie Lescot
(b. 1883 - d. 1974) PL
11 Jan 1946 - 16 Aug 1946 Franck Lavaud (1st
time)
(b. 1903 - d. 1986) Mil
(president of Military Executive Committee)
16 Aug 1946 - 10 May 1950 L�on Dumarsais
Estim�
(b. 1900 - d. 1953) Non-party
10 May 1950 - 6 Dec 1950 Franck Lavaud
(2nd
time)
(s.a.)
Mil
(president of Government Junta)
6 Dec 1950 - 12 Dec 1956 Paul Eug�ne
Magloire
(b. 1907 - d. 2001)Mil/Non-party
(Chief of Executive Power from 6 Dec 1956)
12 Dec 1956 - 4 Feb 1957 Joseph Nemours
Pierre-Louis
(b. 1900 - d. 1966) Non-party
(Provisional Chief of Executive Power)
7 Feb 1957 - 2 Apr 1957 Franck
Sylvain
(provisional) (b.
1909 - d. 1987) Non-party
2 Apr 1957 - 6 Apr 1957 L�on Cantave
(1st
time)
(b. 1910 - d. 1967) Mil
(Army Chief of General Staff)
6 Apr 1957 - 20 May 1957 Executive
Government Council
(Presidency rotates session by session among
the
delegates: of Louis
D�joie [Cambronne, Daguilh,
Bretous], of
Fran�ois Duvalier [Pierre-Paul, Nicoleau,
Beauvoir], and
of Pierre Eustache Daniel Fignol�
[Bernard,
Bruny, Lamothe])
- Jean Charles
L�once M. Bernard (b. 1895 - d.
1984)
- Georges
Bretous
(b. 1903 - d. ....)
- Stuart
Cambronne
(b. 1903 - d. ....)
- Antoine
Pierre-Paul
(b. 1881 - d. 19..)
(to 24 Apr 1957)
- Vilfort
Beauvoir
(b. 1892 - d. 1971)
(to 24 Apr 1957)
- Weber
Michaud
(b. 1902 - d. ....)
- Seymour
Lamothe
(b. 1911 - d. ....)
- Raoul Fabre
Daguilh
(b. 1887 - d. 19..)
- Th�odore A. Nicoleau
(to 24 Apr 1957)
- Ernest Berthoumieux Danache
(b. 1917 - d. ....)
- Emmanuel
Bruny
(b. 1915 - d. ....)
- Jean-Antoine Max Bolt�
(b. 1920 - d.bf.2000)
- Jean-Antoine Gr�goire Eug�ne
(b. 1924)
20 May 1957 - 26 May 1957 L�on Cantave (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
Mil
(Army Chief of General Staff)
26 May 1957 - 14 Jun 1957 Pierre Eustache Daniel
Fignol� (b. 1914 - d.
1986) MOP
(provisional)
14 Jun 1957 - 22 Oct 1957 Antonio Thrasybule
K�breau
(b. 1909 - d. 1963) Mil
(President of Military Council)
22 Oct 1957 - 21 Apr 1971 Fran�ois Duvalier
"Papa Doc" (b. 1907
- d. 1971) PUN
(from 21 Jun 1964, also Supreme Chief of the Haitian
Nation)
21 Apr 1971 - 7 Feb 1986 Jean-Claude
Duvalier "B�b� Doc" (b. 1951 - d.
2014) PUN;1985 PNP
7 Feb 1986 - 7 Feb 1988 Henri Namphy
(1st
time)
(b. 1932 - d. 2018) Mil
(president of National Council)
7 Feb 1988 - 20 Jun 1988 Leslie-Fran�ois
Saint-Roc Manigat (b. 1930 - d. 2014)
RDNP
20 Jun 1988 - 17 Sep 1988 Henri Namphy (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
Mil
17 Sep 1988 - 10 Mar 1990
Matthieu Prosper
Avril
(b.
1937)
Mil
10 Mar 1990 - 13 Mar 1990 H�rard
Abraham
(interim)
(b. 1940 - d. 2022) Mil
13 Mar 1990 - 7 Jan 1991 Ertha
Pascal-Trouillot
(f) (b.
1943)
Non-party
(1st time)(provisional)
7 Jan 1991
(hours) Roger
Lafontant (provisional)
(b. 1931 - d. 1991) Non-party
7 Jan 1991 - 7 Feb
1991 Ertha Pascal-Trouillot
(f)
(s.a.)
Non-party
(2nd time)(provisional)
7 Feb 1991 - 30 Sep 1991
Jean-Bertrand Aristide� (1st time) (b.
1953)
FNCD
1 Oct 1991 - 8 Oct
1991 Raoul
C�dras
(b.
1949)
Mil
(chairman of Military Junta; de facto leader to 12 Oct
1994)
8 Oct 1991 - 19 Jun 1992
Joseph Camilien N�rette
(b. 1924 - d. 2007) Non-party
(provisional)
19 Jun 1992 - 15 Jun 1993 Marc Louis Bazin
(acting)
(b. 1932 - d. 2010) MIDH
15 Jun 1993 - 12 May 1994
Jean-Bertrand Aristide (2nd time)
(s.a.)
FNCD
(in exile, but recognized in Haiti)
12 May 1994 - 12 Oct 1994 Joseph
�mile Jonassaint
(b. 1913 - d. 1995) Non-party
(provisional)
12 Oct 1994 - 7 Feb 1996
Jean-Bertrand Aristide (3rd time)
(s.a.)
OPL
7 Feb 1996 - 7 Feb
2001 Ren� Garcia Pr�val (1st
time) (b. 1943 - d.
2017) FL
7 Feb 2001 - 29 Feb 2004
Jean-Bertrand Aristide (4th time)
(s.a.)
FL
29 Feb 2004 - 14 May 2006
Boniface Alexandre (provisional) (b. 1936 -
d. 2023) Non-party
14 May 2006 - 14 May 2011 Ren� Garcia
Pr�val (2nd time)
(s.a.)
FLP;2009 Inite
14 May 2011 - 7 Feb 2016 Michel
Joseph Martelly
(b. 1961)
RP
7 Feb 2016 - 14 Feb 2016 Evans Paul
(acting)
(b.
1955)
KID+AD
14 Feb 2016 - 7 Feb 2017 Jocelerme
Privert
(interim) (b.
1953) Inite
7 Feb 2017 - 7 Jul 2021
Jovenel
Mo�se
(b. 1968 - d. 2021) PHTK
8 Feb 2021 - 9 Feb 2021 Joseph
M�c�ne Jean-Louis (interim) (b. 1949)
Non-party
(in dissidence, appointed by opposition)
7 Jul 2021 - 20 Jul 2021
Claude Joseph (acting)
(b. 1978?)
PHTK
9 Jul 2021 - 20 Jul 2021 Joseph Lambert
(provisional)
(b.
1961)
KONA
(in dissidence)
20 Jul 2021 - 25 Apr 2024
Ariel Henry (acting)
(b.
1949)
Ind
25 Apr 2024 -
Transitional Presidential Council
- Smith Augustin
EDE
- Fritz Alphonse
Jean
(b.
1956)
Inite
(president 7 Mar - 7 Aug 2025)
- Louis G�rald
Gilles
(b. 1967?)
NOULHA
-
�dgard Leblanc Fils
(b. 1955)
OPL
(president 30 Apr - 7 Oct 2024)
-
Laurent
Saint-Cyr
Non-party
(president from 7 Aug 2025)
-
Emmanuel Vertilaire
(b. 1969)
PPD
- Leslie Voltaire
(b. 1949)
FL
(president 7 Oct 2024 - 7 Mar 2025)
- Frinel Joseph (non-voting)
Non-party
-
R�gine Abraham (f)(non-voting)
REN
Prime ministers
9 Feb 1988 - 20 Jun 1988
Martial
C�lestin
(b. 1913 - d. 2011) Non-party
20 Jun 1988 - 13 Feb 1991 Post
abolished
13 Feb 1991 - 11 Oct 1991 Ren� Garcia
Pr�val
(s.a.)
FNCD
11 Oct 1991 - 19 Jun 1992 Jean-Jacques
Honorat (interim) (b. 1931 - d.
2023) Non-party
19 Jun 1992 - 30 Aug 1993 Marc Louis
Bazin
(s.a.)
MIDH
30 Aug 1993 - 8 Nov 1994 Robert
Malval
(b.
1943)
Non-party
8 Nov 1994 - 7 Nov
1995 Smarck
Michel
(b. 1937 - d. 2012) Non-party
7 Nov 1995 - 27 Feb 1996
Claudette Antoine Werleigh
(f) (b.
1946)
OPL
27 Feb 1996 - 20 Oct 1997 Rosny
Smarth
(b. 1940 - d. 2025) OPL
21 Oct 1997 - 26 Mar 1999 Vacant�
26 Mar 1999 - 2 Mar 2001
Jacques-�douard Alexis (1st time) (b.
1947)
FL
2 Mar 2001 - 15 Mar 2002
Jean-Marie
Ch�restal
(b.
1947)
FL
15 Mar 2002 - 12 Mar 2004 Yvon
Neptune
(b.
1946)
FL
12 Mar 2004 - 9 Jun 2006 G�rard
Latortue
(b. 1934 - d. 2023) Non-party
23 May 2006 - 9 Jun 2006 Henri
Bazin (acting for Latortue) (b. 1933 - d.
2015) Non-party
9 Jun 2006 - 5 Sep
2008 Jacques-�douard Alexis (2nd time)
(s.a.)
FLP
5 Sep 2008 - 11 Nov 2009 Michele
Duvivier Pierre-Louis (f) (b. 1947)
Non-party
11 Nov 2009 - 18 Oct 2011 Jean-Max
Bellerive
(b. 1958)
FLP;2009 Inite
18 Oct 2011 - 16 May 2012 Garry Conille
(1st time) (b. 1966)
Non-party
16 May 2012 - 20 Dec 2014 Laurent Salvador
Lamothe (b.
1972) Non-party
20 Dec 2014 - 16 Jan 2015 Florence
Duperval Guillaume (f)
Non-party
(acting)
16 Jan 2015 - 25 Feb 2016 Evans
Paul
(s.a.)
KID+AD
(continues to claim office to 28 Mar 2016)
25 Feb 2016 - 28 Mar 2016 Fritz Alphonse Jean
(s.a.)
Inite
28 Mar 2016 - 21 Mar 2017 Enex
Jean-Charles
(b.
1960)
Non-party
21 Mar 2017 - 17 Sep 2018 Jack Guy
Lafontant
(b.
1961)
MODELH-PRDH
17 Sep 2018 - 21 Mar 2019 Jean-Henry
C�ant
(b.
1956)
RA
21 Mar 2019 - 22 Jul 2019 Jean-Michel Lapin
(acting) (b. 1966)
RA
22 Jul 2019 - 4 Mar 2020 Fritz-William
Michel (acting) (b.
1980)
RA
4 Mar 2020 - 14 Apr 2021
Joseph Jouthe
(b. 1961)
RA
14 Apr 2021 - 20 Jul 2021 Claude Joseph (acting)
(s.a.)
PHTK
8 Jul 2021 - 25 Apr 2024 Ariel Henry
(acting)
(s.a.)
Ind
(in dissidence to 20 Jul 2021; left country 25 Feb 2024)
25 Feb 2024 - 3 Jun 2024 Michel Patrick
Boisvert
Non-party
(acting [for absent Henry to 25 Apr 2024])
3 Jun 2024 - 11 Nov 2024
Garry Conille (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
Non-party
11 Nov 2024
-
Alix Didier
Fils-Aim�
(b.
1971)
Non-party
Commanders, U. S. Expeditionary Forces Operating in
Haiti
28 Jul 1915 - 15 Aug
1915 William Banks
Caperton
(b. 1855 - d. 1941)
(commander U.S. cruiser squadron, Atlantic Fleet)
15 Aug 1915 - 21 Nov 1916 Littleton Waller
Tazewell Waller (b. 1856 - d. 1926)
22 Nov 1916 - 27 Nov
1917 Eli Kelley Cole
(b. 1867 - d.
1929)
28 Nov 1917 - 6 Dec 1918 John Henry
Russell, Jr. (1st time) (b. 1872 - d. 1947)
7 Dec 1918 - 14 Jul 1919
Albertus Wright Catlin
(b. 1868 - d. 1933)
15 Jul 1919 - 1 Oct
1919 Louis McCarty Little (1st time)
(b. 1878 - d. 1960)
2 Oct 1919 - 14 Jan 1922 John Henry
Russell, Jr. (2nd time) (s.a.)
15 Jan 1922 - 28 Mar
1922 George Mason Van Orden
(b. 1878 - d. 1957)
29 Mar 1922 - 15 Nov 1923 Theodore Porter
Kane
(b. 1869 - d. 1943)
16 Nov 1923 - 21 Jan 1924 William Nessler
McKelvy (1st time) (b. 1869 - d. 1933)
21 Jan 1924 - 11 Jun 1925 Ben Hebard
Fuller (1st time) (b. 1870 -
d. 1937)
12 Jun 1925 - 25 Jun 1925 William Nessler
McKelvy (2nd time) (s.a.)
26 Jun 1925 - 29 Jul 1925 Harold Courtland
Snyder (b.
1872 - d. 1933)
30 Jul 1925 - 7 Dec 1925 Ben Hebard
Fuller (2nd time) (s.a.)
8 Dec 1925 - 24 Jan 1928 John Twiggs
Myers
(b. 1871 - d. 1952)
25 Jan 1928 - 22 Feb 1928 Presley Marion
Rixey, Jr. (b.
1879 - d. 1953)
23 Feb 1928 - 24 Jun 1929 Louis Mason
Gulick
(b. 1879 - d. 1933)
25 Jun 1929 - 11 May 1931 Richard Malcolm
Cutts
(b. 1878 - d. 1934)
3 Jun 1931 - 15 Aug 1934 Louis
McCarty Little (2nd time) (s.a.)
U.S. Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
15 Nov 1915 - 26 Sep 1921 Arthur
Bailly-Blanchard
(b. 1855 - d. 1925)
U.S. High Commissioner to
Haiti
11 Feb 1922 - 16 Nov
1930 John Henry Russell,
Jr.
(s.a.)
Mil
U.S. Envoys
Extraordinary and Ministers Plenipotentiary
Apr 1922 - Feb 1924
James Clement Dunn (acting)
(b. 1890 - d. 1979)
Mar 1924 - Oct
1926 George
Robert Merrell, Jr. (acting)(b. 1898 - d. 1962)
Oct 1926 - Nov 1927
Christian Gross
(2nd time)(acting) (b. 1895 - d. 1933)
Apr 1928 - Dec
1928 Christian
Gross (2nd time)(acting) (s.a.)
Dec 1928 - Nov
1930 Stuart
Edgar Grummon (acting) (b. 1901 - d.
1960)
16 Nov 1930 - 14 Sep 1932 Dana Gardner
Munro
(b. 1892 - d. 1990)
7 Nov 1932 - 4 Mar
1933 Norman Armour (1st
time)
(b. 1887 - d. 1982)
11 Apr 1933 - 21 Mar 1935 Norman
Armour (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
6 Sep 1935 - 21 Jul 1937 George
Anderson Gordon
(b. 1885 � d. 1959)
Commanders of the Multinational Forces Haiti (MNF)
19 Sep 1994 - 25 Oct 1994 Henry
Hugh Shelton (U.S.)
(b. 1942)
25 Oct 1994 - 14 Jan 1995 David
Custis Meade (U.S.)
(b. 1940 - d.
2019)
14 Jan 1995 - 31 Mar 1995 George
Alexander Fisher, Jr. (U.S.)(b. 1942)
Commanders of
the United Nations Mission In Haiti Force (UNMIH)
31 Mar 1995 - 5 Mar 1996
Joseph William Kinzer
(U.S.) (b. 1939)
5 Mar 1996 - 30 Jun 1997
Joseph Ren� Pierre Daigle (Canada) (b. 1950)
1 Aug 1997 - 30 Nov 1997
Robin Gagnon (Canada)
(b. 1950)
Commanding General, Combined Joint Task Force
Haiti and
Commander of the Multinational Interim Force in Haiti
(MIF)
29 Feb 2004 - 1 Jun 2004
Ronald S. Coleman (U.S.)
(b. 1948)
Commanders, United
Nations Stabilization Mission In Haiti Force
(MINUSTAH)
1 Jun 2004 - 1 Sep 2005
Augusto Heleno Ribeiro Pereira (b.
1947)
(Brazil)
1 Sep 2005 - 7 Jan
2006 Urano Teixeira da Matta Bacellar
(b. 1947 - d. 2006)
(Brazil)
7 Jan 2006 - 20 Jan 2006
Eduardo Aldunate Herman (Chile) (b. 1952)
(interim)
20 Jan 2006 - 9 Jan 2007
Jos� Elito Carvalho de Siqueira (b.
1946)
(Brazil)
9 Jan 2007 - 9 Apr 2009 Carlos
Alberto Dos Santos Cruz (b. 1952)
(Brazil)
9 Apr 2009 - 11 Apr 2010 Floriano
Peixoto Vieira Neto (b. 1954)
(Brazil)
11 Apr 2010 - 30 Mar 2011 Luiz Guilherme
Paul Cruz (Brazil) (b. 1957)
30 Mar 2011 - 27 Mar 2012
Luiz Eduardo Ramos Pereira (Brazil)(b.
1956)
27 Mar 2012 - 27 Mar 2013 Fernando
Rodrigues Goulart (Brazil)(b. 1958)
27 Mar 2013 - 15 Mar 2014 Edson
Leal Pujol (Brazil)
(b. 1955)
15 Mar 2014 - 30 Aug 2015 Jos�
Luiz Jaborandy J�nior (Brazil)(b. 1958 - d. 2015)
4 Sep 2015 - 13 Oct 2015 Jorge Pe�a
Leiva (Chile) (acting) (b. 1961)
13 Oct 2015 - 15 Oct 2017 Ajax Porto Pinheiro
(Brazil) (b. 1956)
U.S. Commanders of the Joint Task
Force for Haiti (JTF-H)
14 Jan 2010 - 18 Apr 2010 Purl Kenneth
"Ken" Keen
(b. 1952)
18 Apr 2010 - 1 Jun 2010 Simeon
George Trombitas
(b. 1955)
Special Representatives of the Secretary-General
and Heads of the
United Nations Mission for Justice Support in Haiti
(MINUJUSTH)
16 Oct 2017 - 2 Nov 2017 Mamadou Diallo
(Guinea)(1st time) (b. 1940)
(officer-in-charge)(acting)
2 Nov 2017 - 8 May 2018 Susan Denise
Page (f) (U.S.) (b.
1964)
8 May 2018 - 3 Sep 2018 Mamadou Diallo
(Guinea)(2nd time) (s.a.)
(officer-in-charge)(acting)
3 Sep 2018 - 15 Oct 2019 Helen Meagher La
Lime (f)(U.S.) (b. 1951)
Police Commander of the Multinational
Mission for Security Support (MMSS) in Haiti
25 Jun 2024
-
Godfrey Otunge (Kenya)
�The style of the rulers:
(a) 8 Oct 1804 - 20 May 1805: Empereur d'Ha�ti ("Emperor
of Haiti");
(b) 20 May 1805 - 17 Oct 1806: Empereur d'Ha�ti et
chef supr�me de l'arm�e par la gr�ce de Dieu et la loi
constitutionnelle de l'�tat ("Emperor of Haiti and
Supreme Chief of the Army and by the Grace of God and
the Constitutional Law of the State");
(c) 28 Mar 1811 - 8 Oct 1820: par la gr�ce de Dieu
et la loi constitutionnelle de l'�tat, roi
d'Ha�ti ("by the Grace of God and the
Constitutional Law of the State, King of Haiti");
-- unconstitutional longer form also in use: par la
gr�ce de Dieu et la
loi constitutionnelle de l'�tat, roi du Ha�ti,
souverains de Tortuga, Gon�ve et d'autres �les
adjacentes, destroyer de tyrannie, r�g�n�rateur et
bienfaiteur de la nation de Haitian, cr�ateur de ses
�tablissements moraux, politiques et de Martial, le
premier a couronn� le monarque du nouveau monde, le
d�fenseur de la foi, fondateur de la
commande royale et militaire de Saint-Henry ("by
the Grace of God and the Constitutional Law of the
State, King of Haiti, Sovereign of Tortuga, Gon�ve and
other adjacent Islands, Destroyer of Tyranny,
Regenerator and Benefactor of the Haitian Nation,
Creator of her Moral, Political and Martial
Institutions, First Crowned Monarch of the New World,
Defender of the Faith, founder of the Royal and Military
Order of Saint-Henry");
(d) 26 Aug 1849 - 20 Sep 1849: Empereur d'Ha�ti ("Emperor
of Haiti");
(e) 20 Sep 1849 - 15 Jan 1859: par la gr�ce de Dieu
et la Constitution de l'Empire, Empereur d'Ha�ti
("by the Grace of God and the Constitution
of the Empire, Emperor of Haiti"); also in
official use: par la gr�ce de Dieu et la Loi
Constitutionnelle de l'�tat, Empereur d'Ha�ti
("by the Grace of God and the Constitutional Law of the
State, Emperor of Haiti").
�During military rule 30 Sep 1991 - 12 Oct 1994, Jean-Bertrand Aristide (s.a.) was recognized as legal President of Haiti in exile by the international community.
�Parliament refused to accept two of President Ren� Pr�val's nominees for the post Prime minister- 21 Oct 1997 - 26 Mar 1999 Ericq Pierre (b. 1944)(Ind), and Herv� Denis (b. 1940 - d. 2002)(OPL), the office therefore remained legally vacant.
Territorial Disputes: Despite efforts to control illegal migration, Haitians cross into the Dominican Republic and sail to neighboring countries; the Dominican Republic has increased security along the Haitian border to prevent unauthorized migration and smuggling, including constructing a fence and deploying military troops; some disputes over border limits, particularly along the Massacre River; Haiti claims U.S.-administered Navassa Island, the dispute dates to 1857, when the U.S. claimed the Navassa Island under the 1856 Guano Act, Haiti claims it has had ownership over Navassa Island continuously since its 1801 constitution laid claim to "adjacent lands"; in 2023, Prime Minister Henry called upon the military to assist the National Police (PNH) in combating armed gangs, which have overwhelmed the PNH, killed hundreds of Haitians, and seized control of much of the capital Port-au-Prince since the assassination of President Moise in 2021; as of 2024, at least 300 criminal groups were operating in Haiti in 2023, the UN Security Council approved the deployment of a Kenya-led multinational security support mission (MSS) to help bring gang violence under control; the first contingent of MSS personnel from the Kenya National Police Service arrived in mid-2024; the Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Benin, Chad, and Jamaica have also pledged forces; the mission is slated to have a total of 2,500 personnel (2024).
Party abbreviations: AD =
Alliance D�mocratique/Alyans (Democratic
Alliance, center-left coalition of KID
and Parti Populaire pour le Renouveau d'Ha�ti - PPRH [Popular
Party for the Renewal of Haiti], est.2005);
EDE = Les Engag�s pour le D�veloppement (Those
Committed to Development, centrist, catch-all, est.18
Mar 2022); FL = Fanmi
Lavalas/Famille Lavalas (Lavalas [Waterfall]
Family, social-democratic, populist,
Aristide personalist, split from OPL, est.30
Oct 1996); Ind = Ind�pendant (Independent); Inite
= Inite Patriyotik (Patriotic Unity, social-democratic,
center-left, FLP successor, to
Apr 2015 named Inite
[Unity], 28 Nov 2009-30 Apr 2019 [dissolution
disputed], renamed Inif�s);
KID = Konvansyon
Inite Demokratick/Convention de l'Unit�
d�mocratique (Convention
for Democratic Unity, leftist, populist,
est.1986); KONA
= Konbit Nasyonal (Konbit National); Inifos
= (right-wing, split from Inite, est.10 May 2019); MIDH
= Mouvement pour l'Instauration de la D�mocratie en
Haiti (Movement for the Installation of Democracy in
Haiti, center-right, est.12 Aug 1987); MODELH-PRDH
= Mouvement D�mocratique d'Ha�ti-Parti
Rassemblement D�mocratique d'Ha�ti (Democratic
Movement of Haiti-Democratic Rally of Haiti Party, liberal
democratic, [formerly Mouvement
D�mocratique de Lib�ration d'Ha�ti-Parti
Revolutionnaire D�mocratique d'Ha�ti/Democratic
Movement for the Liberation of Haiti-Revolutionary
Democratic Party of Haiti], est.9 Mar 1987); NOULHA
= Nouvelle Orientation Unifi�e pour Lib�rer Ha�ti (New
Unified Orientation to Liberate Haiti); OPL
= �ganizasyon P�p Kap Lit�/Organisation du Peuple en
Lutte (Struggling People's Organization,
social-democratic, center-left,
formerly Aristide personalist,
1991-1996 as Organisation Politique Lavalas [Lavalas
Political Organization], est.1991); PHTK =
Parti Ha�tien T�t Kale/Pati Ayisyen T�t Kale (Haitian
'Bald Headed' Party, liberal, center-right, est.16 Aug
2012); PPD = Platf�m Pitit Desalin (Dessalines'
Children Platform, democratic socialist, Haitian
nationalist, Dessalinism, left-wing populist, est.Dec
2014); RA = Renmen Ayiti (Love Haiti); PUN
= Parti de l'Unit� Nationale (National Unity Party,
right-wing, Duvalier family personalist, nationalist,
anti-communist, totalitarian, anti-American to 1971, 1963-86
only legal party, 1957-1986, renamed PNP,
re-est.2014); RDNP =
Rassemblement des D�mocrates Nationaux Progressistes
(Rally of Progressive National Democrats,
christian-democrat, center-right, Haitian nationalist, in
exile 1979-86, est.25 May 1987); REN =
Rassemblement pour une Entente Nationale et Souveraine
(Rally for a National and Sovereign Agreement);
RP = Repons
Peyizan/R�ponse Paysanne (Peasants' [Farmers']
Response, center-right, populist, agrarian, est.Jul
2010); Mil =
Military;
- Former
parties: CD
= Convergence D�mocratique/Konv�jans
Demokratik (Democratic Convergence, anti-Aristide
coalition, 2000-Feb 2004); FLP
= Fwon Lespwa/Front de l'Espoir (Hope
Front, democratic socialist, left-wing nationalist,
populist, split from OPL, 2005-28 Nov 2009,
merged into Inite); FNCD
= Front National pour le Changement et la D�mocratie
(National Front for Democracy and Change, center-left,
Aristide coalition, 1990-1999);
MOP = Mouvement Ouvriers
et Paysans (Workers' and Peasants' Movement,
social democratic, noiriste, from
1956 renamed Mouvement Organisation du
Pays [Movement to Organize
the Country], 1945-1957);
PL = Parti Lib�ral
(Liberal Party, liberal, republican, internationalist,
mainly mulatto, Feb 1870-1946); PLN
= Parti Lib�ral National (National Liberal
Party); PN
= Parti National (National Party, nationalist,
republican, agrarian, anti-celerical, isolationist,
mainly black, PL opposition, 1870-1913); PNP
= Parti Nationale Progressiste (National Progressive
Party, J.C. Duvalier personalist,
1985-1986); PPN =
Parti Progressiste National (National Progressive
Party, est.Mar 1930); PRR = Parti
R�publicain R�formiste (Republican
Reformist Party, est.1911)
Department of the South
|
|
|
3 Nov
1810
Secession, Department of the South (D�partement
du Sud).
20 Mar
1812
Re-incorporation into Republic of Haiti.
General-in-Chief
3 Nov 1810 - 9 Jan
1811 Beno�t Joseph Andr� Rigaud
(b. 1761 - d. 1811) Mil
Presidents of the Council
9 Jan 1811 - 18 Sep 1811
Beno�t Joseph Andr� Rigaud
(s.a.)
Mil
21 Sep 1811 - 20 Mar 1812 J�r�me
Maximilien
Borgella
(b. 1773 - d. 1844) Mil
Republic of the North
|
|
|
25 Apr 1868 - 27 Dec 1869 Republic of the North (R�publique du Nord).
Provisional President
25 Apr 1868 - 27 Dec 1869 Jean
Nicholas Nissage-Sagete
(b. 1810 - d. 1880) Mil
Southern State of Haiti
|
of Haiti |
|
8 May 1868 - 27 Dec 1869 Southern State of Haiti (�tat M�ridional d'Ha�ti).
President
8 May 1868 - 27 Dec 1869 Michel
Domingue
(b. 1813 - d. 1877) Mil
Northern Republic
|
|
|
27 Nov 1888 - 9 Oct 1889 Republic of Northern Haiti (R�publique Septentrionale d'Ha�ti).
President of the Provisional Government
27 Nov 1888 - 9 Oct 1889 Louis
Mondestin Florvil Hyppolite (b. 1827 - d.
1896) Mil
Artibonite
|
|
|
|
19 Feb 2004 - 19 Mar 2004 FLRN leader declares
himsself "president of the liberated"
parts of Haiti in central Artibonite region,
in rebellion.
President
19 Feb 2004 - 19 Mar 2004 Buteur
M�tayer
(b. 1970? - d. 2005) FLRN
Party abbreviation: FLRN
= Front pour la Lib�ration et la
Reconstruction Nationales (National Revolutionary Front
for the Liberation and Reconstruction of Haiti, founded
as Front de la R�sistance R�volutionnaire d'Artibonite [Artibonite
Revolutionary Resistance Front], Feb-Jun
2004)
� Ben Cahoon