Papers by Nicky Van der Bergh
The paper-and-pencil item-based assessment methodology was developed and introduced just over a c... more The paper-and-pencil item-based assessment methodology was developed and introduced just over a century ago, yet, despite three decades of great technological advances in information and communications technology (ICT) and over a generation of research and development on cognition and new pedagogical strategies, the area of assessment has barely progressed beyond this methodology. Notwithstanding the move by educators to provide online versions of classroombased delivery material that has resulted in on-demand accessibility of these materials to students wherever they had access, very little advancement has occurred in assessments using technology.
The past century has seen an extraordinary recovery and renewal by the Christian church in genera... more The past century has seen an extraordinary recovery and renewal by the Christian church in general of its worship, and the understanding of that worship as central to its life and work. The name usually given to the means by which this recovery and renewal has been brought about is the "Liturgical Movement". Originating in the late nineteenth century within the Roman Catholic Church, its influence on that church not only culminated in the reforms of Vatican II's Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy (1963), but has had an impact on virtually all Christian traditions, several of which have experienced liturgical movements of their own. In its origins, it sought to end the practice of ordained ministers alone actively engaged in its words and actions, and doing so for rather than with the people present, who had been treated more as passive spectators than as active participants. Above all it sought to spread the ownership and participation in the liturgy to the whole gathered assembly, so that clergy and laity would pray the prayer of the church together. Effectively, this pastoral motivation, together with the growth of the churches stemming from the Reformation and the development of their own liturgical traditions, were the precursors of a diffusion of the twentieth century Liturgical Movement. Although the Liturgical Movement is often spoken of as if it were monolithic with effects only within the Roman Catholic tradition, it is at last clear that not only have there been multiple expressions of the movement as a whole, but the movement has happened in various stages and taken various shapes.
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Papers by Nicky Van der Bergh