Unit 1: A long and healthy life

1A. Pronunciation
• Strong and weak forms of auxiliary verbs
Underline the weak form and double underline the strong form of the
auxiliary verbs in the following short exchanges. Then practise them with
your partner.
1. A: Do you often work out in the morning?
B: Yes, I do.
2. A: Can you swim in the butterfly style?
B: No, I can’t.
3. A: Have you ever practised karate?
B: Yes, I have.
4. A: Aren’t you an aerobic instructor?
B: Yes, I am.
5. A: Didn’t you have time for the swimming practice yesterday?
B: No, I didn’t. I was busy yesterday.
6. A: Has she joined a gym?
B: Yes, she has.
7. A: Can doing squats bum a lot of calories?
B: Yes, it can.
8. A: Shall we go now?
B: I think we ought to.
9. A: Must we go now?
B: I think we must.
10. A: Does lifting weights build our muscles?
B: Certainly, it does.

1B. Vocabulary
• Words and phrases related to health and fitness
I. Complete the sentences with the words given.
muscles diet treatment develop active
repetitive
life expectancy avoid cut down lifestyle strength fit
1. The instructions give a balanced __________ , and protect against infections.
2. You must be very __________ if you do so much running.
3. Regular exercise will help to strengthen your __________ .
4. We focus on the importance of __________ participation by elderly people in the life
of the community.
5. __________ for both men and women has improved greatly in the past 20 years.
6. Some of the tasks required considerable physical __________ .
7. There have been great advances in the __________ of cancer.
8. You can change your eating habits and lead a healthier __________ .
9. Computers are now being brought into this career to perform __________ tasks.
10. The doctor told him to __________ on his drinking.
11. Some alcoholics __________ liver cancer when they drink heavily.
12. Pregnant women should __________ certain foods such as raw eggs.
II. Complete the sentences with the verbs given in the correct form.
 fall include ensure treat give up
lead help give off work out stay
1. I go jogging every morning and __________ with weights twice a week.
2. Peter has decided to __________ football at the end of this season.
3. My father always __________ a very active life.
4. How do you make this change and __________ a balanced diet?
5. A healthy lifestyle __________ taking exercise and not smoking.
6. The fire doesn’t seem to __________ much heat.
7. One in seven road accidents is caused by drivers __________ asleep at the wheel.
8. Eat right to __________ healthy.
9. It was difficult to __________ patients because of a shortage of medicine.
10. Herbal products can __________ you to relax and sleep well.
III. Fill in each blank in the following sentences with the correct word /
phrase below.
immune system life expectancy ageing workout
longevity boosting meditation nutritious
1. __________ takes many forms, but its core is the ability to control the mind and
quieten it down.
2. Learning is the most fundamental brain __________ - and the more you do it, the
more you’ll benefit.
3. Research for more recent periods shows a surprising and continuing improvement
in __________ among those aged 80 or above.
4. Many individuals through the ages realised there was a very important link
between health, exercise, fitness, meditation, intelligence and __________ .
5. A research suggests that tai chi may also slow down __________ by boosting a
certain type of stem cell.
6. Bird’s nest soup brings overall benefit to the __________ and it gives you glowing
skin.
7. Widespread gardening provides an opportunity for exercise, sunlight and __________
food for people in Okinawa, Japan.
8. The first step in __________ Nagano's life span was a campaign to reduce salt
consumption and promote a healthier diet and lifestyle.

IV. Complete the following famous sayings with the words below.
cheerfulness nutrition basis fitness
cures
healthy cleanliness illness disease
value
Best Sayings About Health & Nutrition
1. “Early to bed and early to rise makes a man __________, wealthy and wise”,
Benjamin Franklin.
2. “Physical __________ is not only one of the
most important keys to a healthy body, but it is also the basis of dynamic and creative
intellectual activity”, John F. Kennedy.
3. “Those who think they have no time for exercise will sooner or later have to find
time for ________________,” Edward Stanley.
4. “Health is like money, we never have a true idea of its __________ until we lose it,”
Josh Billings.
5. “The doctor of the future will no longer treat the human frame with drugs, but
rather will cure and prevent disease with __________ ,” Thomas Edison.
6. “A good laugh and a long sleep are the best __________ in the doctor’s book,”
an Irish proverb.
7. “To ensure good health: eat lightly, breathe deeply, live moderately, cultivate
__________ , and maintain an interest in life,” William Londen.
8. “Today, more than 95% of all chronic __________ is caused by food choice, toxic food
ingredients, nutritional deficiencies and lack of physical exercise,” Mike Adams.
9. “Water, air and __________ are the chief articles in my pharmacopoeia,” Napoleon I.
10. “By cleansing your body on a regular __________ and eliminating as many toxins as
possible from your environment, your body can begin to heal itself, prevent disease,
and become stronger and more resilient than you ever dreamed possible!” Dr.
Edward.

• Vocabulary for CLIL: Bacteria and viruses

V. Complete the sentences with the words given.
disease organisms illness infected vaccine
antibiotics bacteria spread food poisoning infectious
1. I’m taking __________ for a throat infection.
2. Clean the wound so it doesn’t get __________ .
3. Foot and mouth disease is caused by a highly __________ virus which animals either
eat or inhale.
4. All living __________ have to adapt to changes in environmental conditions.
5. There is no __________ against HIV infection.
6. __________ is an illness of the stomach caused by eating food that contains harmful
bacteria.
7. She suffers from a rare __________ of the brain.
8. Doctors say that his __________ isn’t life-threatening.
9. Some __________ help the human body fight disease.
10. Some unhygienic conditions encourage the __________ of disease.

• Prepositions
VI. Complete each sentence with the correct preposition.
1. They are looking __________ ways to add further value __________ their products.
2. He is receiving treatment __________ cancer.
3. I don’t have any sugar so you’ll have to do __________ .
4. You can help prevent heart disease __________ changing your lifestyle.
5. His back injury may prevent him __________ playing in tomorrow’s game.
6. The wood gave __________ a sweet, perfumed smell as it burned.
7. Cut down __________ fatty foods if you want to lose weight.
8. He has changed a lot __________ the past decade.
9. Diseases that were once thought incurable can be treated __________ antibiotics.
10. She suffers __________ a rare bone disease.

1C. Grammar
• Past simple vs Present perfect
I. Choose the correct words.
1. David has been / was at the beach for hours. I think he’s having a great time
there.
2. Have your friends bought / Did your friends buy tickets for the concert
yesterday?
3. My younger sister has started / started school six months ago.
4. So far this week we’ve seen / we saw two funny films on TV.
5. I’ve talked / I talked to my grandparents on the phone last week.
6. What’s the noise? Have your neighbours bought / Did your neighbours buy a
new dog recently?
7. Have you seen / Did you see Nick this week?
8. We’ve known / We knew Ann and Tom for three years. We’re really good friends
now.

II. Choose the correct answers.

1. My school football team hasn’t won / didn’t win a match since the start of the
year.
2. I haven’t been / didn’t go to China. What’s it like?
3. It has rained / rained three times this week.
4. I have seen / saw my first Disney film when I was four years old.
5. I feel at home in this village because we have lived / lived here for six years now.
6. I’m a big football fan, but I have never been / never went to the stadium.
7. It hasn’t rained / didn’t rain for a long time, so it’s very hot.
8. I have sent / sent an email to Jack last week, but he hasn’t replied.

III. Complete the sentences. Use the past simple in one sentence and the
present perfect in the other.
1. a Italy __________ the World Cup in 2006. (win)
b He’s happy because Manchester United __________ all their matches this year.
(win)
2. a ‘Can you tidy your room?’ - ‘I __________ it this morning.’ (tidy)
b ‘Can you tidy your room?’ - ‘I __________ it.’ (tidy)
3. a What time __________ you __________ home last night? (arrive)
b ‘ __________ Ben __________ ?’ - ‘Yes, he’s in the living room.’ (arrive)
4. a Come on, let’s eat. Dad __________ dinner. (cook)
b Who __________ this food? It’s delicious. (cook)
5. a I __________ lots of interesting people since I arrived. (meet)
b __________ you __________ anyone interesting while you were on holiday? (meet)
IV. Complete the text using the present perfect or the past simple form of
the verb in brackets.
I 1 __________ (meet) Andy on a diving course when I was seventeen. We 2
__________ (be) together since then and in the last six years we 3 __________ (visit)
some awesome places on our holidays. Last month, we 4 __________ (decide) to get
married. The wedding 5 __________ (be) great, but exhausting because we were
underwater and I 6 __________ (have) a big wedding dress on. Since we got married, we
7
__________ (not have) time to think or relax. These last few weeks 8 __________ (go)
very fast. Time flies when you’re in love.
V. Complete the dialogue using the present perfect or past simple form of
the verbs in brackets, or an auxiliary verb.
Nick: 1 __________ you ever __________ (visit) Disneyland Paris?
Ann: Yes, I 2 __________ . It’s fantastic.
Nick: When 3 __________ you __________ (go) there?
Ann: I 4 __________ (go) with my mum last weekend.
Nick: Really?
Ann: Yes, we 5 __________ (travel) there by train on Friday evening and we 6 __________
(leave) on Sunday morning. But my dad 7 __________ (not come) with us.
Nick: 8 __________ he __________ (be) there before?
Ann: No, he 9 __________ . He hates places like that. He 10 __________ (not visit) a theme
park since 1995 when he 11 __________ (be) fourteen years old.
Nick: And what 12 __________ you __________ (think) of the rides?
Ann: I really 13 __________ (like) them all - especially the Big Thunder Mountain ride.
It’s terrifying. 14__________ you ever __________ (see) a photo of it?
Nick: No, I 15__________ . But I 16__________ (hear) a lot about it. It sounds great.
VI. Complete the text about young adventurers with the correct form of the
verbs in brackets.
Young Adventurers
Most people __________ (never visit) the North Pole, but Parker Wilson has. Last
1

year, Parker 2__________ (ski) 130 km across the Arctic in freezing temperatures. In the
same year, he also 3__________ (start) a Facebook page about climate change. It’s
amazing because Parker is only sixteen years old and still 4__________ (not finish)
school - he’s a very young adventurer.
5
__________ you __________ (ever be) to the South Pole? Maybe not, but in 2009,
Katie Walter 6__________ (walk) there and back in twenty days. She was only seventeen
years old and she 7__________ (make) a lot of money for charity.
Parker and Katie 8__________ (achieve) great things, but they are both still
teenagers. 9__________ they __________ (do) too much, too young? Some people think
so. Some psychologists say that it’s dangerous for teens to take these risks because
their brains 10__________ (not develop) enough. Katie and Parker probably disagree.
What do you think?
VII. Complete the text about a veteran’s story with the present perfect or
past simple form of the verbs below. Add already, just, or yet if necessary.
become give have not be not go not
produce
raise sail study travel work write
A Veteran’s Story
Anthony Smith is an old-age pensioner from London. He 1 __________ a life full of
adventure. When he was young, he 2 __________ biology at university. After that, he 3
__________ a pilot and also 4__________ as a science correspondent for a newspaper. He
5
__________ more than thirty books, but he 6__________ any films. In January 2012, he 7
__________ from the Canary Islands to the Bahamas in the Caribbean. He wanted to
prove that old people can still have adventures. He 8 __________ alone. Three other old
adventurers joined him. He 9 __________ a lot of money for a charity that provides clean
water for people in Africa, Asia and Central America. He 10__________ through seventy
countries, but he 11 __________ to the South Pole. He 12 __________ an interview for our
newspaper. You can read it in the next issue.
VIII. Complete the dialogues with the verbs given. Use the past simple or
present perfect form.
go stay visit
Phong: __________ you __________ to the USA?
1

Linda: Yes, I2 __________ San Francisco last year.

Phong: Where3 __________ you __________ ?
Linda: At my uncle’s house.

be give open receive say write

Phong: __________ you __________ a present that you don’t like?
4

Linda: Yes, my aunt 5 __________ me a yellow sweatshirt for my birthday.

Phong: What 6 __________ you __________ to her?
Linda: Nothing. She 7 ________ there when I 8 ________ it. But I 9 ________ her a nice
thank-you letter.

1D. Reading
• How to live a long and healthy life
I. Read the statements. Decide if they are true (T), false (F) or not given
(NG).
A Healthy Lifestyle
Some habits might help people live longer. Researchers think that the key is eating
well and being active.
Having a healthy diet is important. It’s important to eat a good amount of fruits and
vegetables. Not all foods are good for you, though. Having too many fruits can still be
bad for you. You should also avoid junk foods and sweets. A treat once in a while isn’t
bad, but don’t let them become a regular part of your diet.
Being active is also important. Sometimes it can be hard to find an activity you like.
You don’t have to play a sport like rugby. You can walk or run. You can ride a bike or
hike. You can do yoga or dance. It doesn’t matter what activity you do. But it is
important to do something. With these small changes, you will live a longer, healthier
life!
1. The passage is about rugby. ________
2. Eating fruits and vegetables is an important part of a healthy diet. ________
3. The passage says you should not have junk foods and sweets. ________
4. Being active is important for living a long life. ________
5. Sports are the best way to stay physically active. ________
6. Doing yoga or playing rugby can help ensure a healthy lifestyle. ________
II. Fill in each blank with the correct question for each answer.
A Guide to Tai Chi
A. Can I learn tai chi from a book or DVD?
B. Will I injure myself doing tai chi?
C. What is tai chi?
D. Don’t I need to be fit to do tai chi?
E. What are the health benefits of tai chi?
F. Are there different styles of tai chi?
G. Can tai chi help to prevent falls?
H. What’s the basic technique?
1. __________________________________________________________
It combines deep breathing and relaxation with slow and gentle movements.
Originally developed as a martial art in the 13 th century in China, it is today practised
around the world as a health-promoting exercise.
2. __________________________________________________________
Yes, such as yang, chen and wu. Some teachers often practise a combination of styles.
The main differences between the different tai chi styles are in the speed of
movement and the way the body holds the postures.
3. __________________________________________________________
Tai chi is characterised by its slow, graceful, continuous movements that are gentle on
the joints and muscles. Done correctly, you'll find that the tai chi poses flow smoothly
from one into another.
4. __________________________________________________________
Studies have shown that tai chi can help people aged 65 and over to reduce stress,
improve balance and general mobility, and increase muscle strength in the legs.
5. __________________________________________________________
Tai chi is essentially a gentle activity that is unlikely to cause injury if done correctly.
The exercises involve lots of flowing, easy movements that don’t stress the joints or
muscles.
6. __________________________________________________________
Some research suggests that tai chi can reduce the risk of falls among older adults
who are at increased risk. However, more research is needed.
7. __________________________________________________________
No, tai chi is for everyone. It is ideal for inactive older people wanting to raise their
activity levels gently and gradually.
8. __________________________________________________________
It’s a good idea to learn the basics of tai chi from an instructor to make sure your style
is correct, effective and won't cause injury. You can consider using a book or DVD
once you’re familiar with the poses.
III. Read the passage, and then decide whether the statements are true (T)
or false (F).
No Pain, Big Gains
In China, it is believed that tai chi can delay ageing and prolong life, increase
flexibility, strengthen muscles and tendons, and aid in the treatment of heart disease,
high blood pressure, arthritis, skin diseases, depression, cancer, and many other
diseases.
Most of the research on tai chi has been done in older individuals in the area of
balance and fall prevention. This area of research is important because fall-related
injuries are the leading cause of death from injury and disability among older adults.
Because tai chi movements are slow and deliberate with shifts of body weight from
one leg to the other in coordination with upper body movements, it challenges
balance and many have long assumed it helps improve balance and reduce fall
frequency.
In a similar tai chi study of older adults, 54% of the subjects who practised tai chi
attributed their improved sense of confidence to improved balance. One study looked
at adults in their 60s and 70s who practised tai chi three times a week for 12 weeks
(60-minute classes). After just six weeks, statistically significant improvements were
observed in balance, muscular strength, endurance, and flexibility measures.
Improvements in each of these areas increased further after another 12 weeks.
The demands of living are stressful for adults of all ages. Although one cannot
directly point to studies showing a reduction in stress from practising tai chi, the
breathing, movement, and mental concentration required of individuals who practise
tai chi may be just the distraction you need from your hectic lifestyle.
1. It is believed by many in the world that tai chi has many benefits in treatments of
many illnesses and diseases. ______
2. Injuries from falls are a big problem among elderly people. ______
3. With its slow movements and its shifts of body weight between the legs, tai chi can
improve balance and reduce fall frequency. ______
4. All the people who practise tai chi gain their sense of confidence in life. ______
5. Improvements were observed clearly in balance, muscular strength, endurance,
and flexibility measures after twelve weeks. ______
6. Exercising tai chi can help people, especially adults recover from stress from the
hectic lifestyle. ______

III. Read the text, and then do the tasks that follow.
A Healthy Lifestyle
Having a healthy lifestyle is not just about eating healthily and exercising. It often
refers to having a balance between work and life.
To start with, make sure you get plenty of sleep. Some research suggests that
teenagers need more sleep than adults, however, it's often the case that they get less
than they need. With homework and social obligations, you can be staying up late but
still have to get up early to get to classes, work or other activities. To function
properly, your body and mind need a minimum of eight hours of sleep each night.
Eating a well-balanced diet can sound much easier than it is. A lot of people are really
conscious about what they eat, and try and make healthy choices. If you think you
have too much junk food and want to make some changes to your diet, don't try and
eliminate all junk food. You should drink plenty of water, eat a balance of protein,
whole grains, fruit and vegetables daily, and don’t skip breakfast - eat something for
breakfast every day.
Exercising regularly is part of having a healthy lifestyle. Physical activity helps build a
strong body and mind. Doing physical activity releases endorphins, which are a
chemical your body produces, which gives you a good feeling. Physical activity is also
an effective way to manage moods and is a really good lifestyle choice to improve
your overall well-being.
Having friends and family that you can confide in is really important. To be a healthy
person, you need to have people around you that you can talk to about what's
happening to you, rather than dealing with them alone.
Another important part of having a healthy lifestyle is remembering to "play". Just
taking time to laugh, have fun and being around people who make you feel good is
part of having balance in your life.
Take time to learn about what makes you feel good and remember to include some of
those things in your day.
Task 1. Answer the following questions.
1. What is the problem of sleep that teenagers often meet?
_________________________________________________
2. What kind of food and drink should teenagers have?
_________________________________________________
3. Why does doing physical activity give us a good feeling?
_________________________________________________
4. What are other benefits of physical activity?
_________________________________________________
5. What can you share with your friends?
_________________________________________________
6. What is the function of having fun and being around people in our lifestyle?
_________________________________________________
Task 2. Find the words or expressions in the text which have the following
meanings.
1. a situation in which different things are of equal importance __________________
2. the food that you eat or drink regularly __________________
3. food that is unhealthy but is quick or easy to eat __________________
4. not to do or not have something __________________
5. the state of feeling healthy and happy __________________
6. to share your feelings or secrets with someone __________________

IV. Read the text, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each
question.
Discover How Laughter Can Work for You!
You’ve probably heard the expression “Laughter is the best medicine”. Scientists and
medical doctors now agree that laughter can help people to deal with stress and
anger. Research has shown that people who feel happy and relaxed are healthier and
have better relationships.
Laughter Yoga is a series of exercises. Laughter Yoga teaches you to laugh for no
reason. You don’t have to have a sense of humour, or understand funny jokes. You
just have to laugh.
When you do Laughter Yoga in a group, you laugh and do yoga breathing, so that you
increase the amount of oxygen in your body. Soon the laughter exercises turn into
real laughter. After a laughter yoga class, you feel calm and relaxed, but also full of
energy and happy.
Laughter Yoga was developed by Dr. Kataria, a doctor from India. Laughter Yoga
classes started in Mumbai in 1995 with just five people, and now there are over 6,000
laughter clubs in sixty different countries.
Julie Whitehead was one of the first people in the UK to become a Laughter Yoga
teacher with Dr. Kataria. She says, “Yoga has been a part of my life for thirty years,
but in 2002 my life changed when I discovered Laughter Yoga. I am particularly
interested in health and well-being.”
She is a member of Laughter Network, a group of professionals who want to bring
more laughter, health, and happiness into people’s lives. They run Laughter Yoga
classes and workshops in the UK, and Julie runs Laughter Yoga holidays in Turkey,
Egypt, Spain, and Morocco.
Laughing is good for the body and the mind. When we laugh, we breathe more oxygen
into our body, which helps to keep us healthy. Endorphins, or happy chemicals, are
released in the body, and you feel more relaxed and happy. Laughter also brings
people together to share some fun. Companies who have run Laughter Yoga
workshops find that they have advantages for both employers and employees. People
who are happy at work are more hard-working and make more money for the
company. Also, people who laugh together communicate more successfully. In
general, people do better at work when they feel happy and relaxed.
If you’re not sure about Laughter Yoga, remember this, children laugh 300 - 400 times
a day, but adults only laugh around fifteen times a day.
Get more laughter in your life - you can feel the change in you, and when you change,
the world changes. Laughter is really the best medicine. You can get more information
about Laughter Yoga on its website at [email protected].
1. Laughing is good for our body EXCEPT that ______.
A. we feel more relaxed and happy B. we breathe in more oxygen
C. it improves communication D. it helps release happy chemicals
2. It is good to laugh and do yoga breathing exercises at the same time because
______.
A. you laugh very funnily a lot during the laughter yoga classes
B. you join a group and meet professionals all around the world
C. Laughter Yoga teaches you to have a sense of humour and understand funny
jokes
D. you not only feel calm and relaxed, but also have full of energy and happiness
3. Laughter Yoga _______.
A. started in India with a small group of people
B. was developed by a doctor as a treatment
C. started in sixty countries with over 6,000 laughter clubs
D. was developed by first students of Dr. Kataria
4. All of the following are true about Julie Whitehead EXCEPT that ______.
A. she became one of the first British Laughter Yoga teachers with Dr. Kataria
B. she is a member of Laughter Network which run Laughter Yoga classes and
workshops in the UK
C. she has practised Laughter Yoga for thirty years in her life
D. she herself runs Laughter Yoga vacations in some foreign countries
5. The advantage for a company when their employees do Laughter Yoga is that
______.
A. the employees earn more money from the company
B. the employees are more hard-working and productive
C. all people can laugh together funnily
D. Laughter Yoga workshops only have advantages for employers
6. The saying “Laughter is the best medicine” maybe means that ______.
A. you should have a sense of humour in order to laugh
B. trying to laugh is a good treatment to patients
C. it is good for your physical and mental health to laugh
D. laughter is the medicine of best quality that doctors have
7. The expression “professionals” in paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. people who follow a hobby with great enthusiasm
B. people who follow a career in order to earn good pay
C. people who have high positions in their companies
D. people who are well trained and extremely skilled
8. The text is written for ______.
A. adults B. elderly people C. children D. Laughter Yoga
teachers
9. You would find this description of Laughter Yoga classes ______.
A. in a newspaper B. in a brochure C. on a website D. in a journal
10. The main purpose of the text is ______.
A. to compare Laughter Yoga with ordinary yoga
B. to introduce Laughter Yoga and its benefits
C. to tell the history of Laughter Yoga
D. to give information about Laughter Yoga classes

VI. Read the text, and do the following tasks.

In the past, many people died from bacterial diseases because there was no cure for
them. Then antibiotics were discovered. These powerful medicines kill the bacteria
that cause specific diseases. As a result, people live longer now than half a century
ago. However, today, we’re facing a new health risk - bacteria which is resistant to
antibiotics. This is because bacteria grow quickly and adapt in order to survive
antibiotics.
When you have a check-up at the doctor’s, do you think you should always get a
prescription for antibiotics? A lot of people do. However, we mustn’t use antibiotics
when it isn’t necessary. If you’ve got a cold or flu, you shouldn’t use antibiotics
because these illnesses are caused by viruses. Antibiotics can’t kill viruses. To get
over these illnesses, you should rest, take a painkiller and drink a lot of water. You
should also stay at home to avoid infecting others.
When antibiotics is appropriate, you must always make sure you take the complete
course. If not, there might be some bacteria left in your body and it can develop
resistance. If we use antibiotics correctly and less often, it will help to stop the spread
of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and give scientists time to invent new types of
antibiotics. If we don’t change our habits, it will become harder to treat diseases and
life expectancy might fall.

Task 1. Choose the best main idea of the text.

A. Be sensible with antibiotics B. Never take antibiotics again
C. Antibiotics - the universal treatment D. Antibiotics always make us
better
Task 2. Match the words in the text and their meanings.
1. cure _____ A. the piece of paper that a doctor gives you to
get medicine
2. diseases _____ B. feel better after being ill
3. prescription _____ C. a series of doses of medicine
4. get over (an illness) _____ D. a treatment that makes you completely better
5. course (of antibiotics) _____ E. types of illnesses with certain symptoms
Task 3. Choose the correct answers to complete the summary of the text.
Our lives are longer nowadays thanks to 1 __________ , but if we aren’t careful, it’ll
become 2 __________ to kill bacteria. The text advises people to 3 __________ when
they’re ill with a cold. Antibiotics 4 __________ the viruses that cause a cold. If the
doctor gives you antibiotics, you have to 5 __________ . The misuse of antibiotics is
going to 6 __________ for us in the future.
1. A. diseases B. antibiotics C. bacteria
2. A. easier B. more dangerous C. more difficult
3. A. take antibiotics B. go to their doctor C. stay at home
4. A. don’t affect B. produce C. infect
5. A. stop taking them when you’re better
B. take all of them
C. take them when you want
6. A. cause problems B. create new antibiotics C. be easier

VII. Read the problem page letter to Jane and her letter in response to the
problem, and do the following tasks.
Ask Jane
Dear Jane,
I’m 17 years old and my life is causing me a lot of stress. I have to do homework,
exam revision, extra science classes and football practice - and then I have to help my
parents around the house! Being a teenager can’t always be this tough! Adults say
that you must enjoy your schooldays because they’re the happiest days of your life,
but these can’t be the happiest days of my life. This isn’t happiness - I’m really
suffering. What should I do to cut down on the stress?
Mike wallingford

Dear Mike,
Being a teenager is stressful. Although adults romanticise their childhood, they must
have given up things they wanted to do, too. Here are four effective ways to relieve
stress. Follow them, and you’ll be able to sort out your stress issues and live a busy,
but happy life.
1 You must exercise at least three times a week. You can do sports or work out - or
even walk the dog. Exercise relaxes your body and your brain, and relaxation helps
to prevent stress and depression and also relieves insomnia - serious sleeplessness.
2 Take your mind off the stress by discovering new interests like judo, sudoku or even
gentle sports like fishing.
3 Remember - ‘you are what you eat’. Burgers, chips and sugar food may be
enjoyable, but this diet makes your body scream, ‘No! Stop!’ You should listen to
your body, go without junk food, and feel the stress melt away as a healthy diet
cures you.
4 Networking sites, emails, Twitter and texts might be useful, but you mustn’t give up
face- to-face communication with people. Laughing with your mates will make a big
difference and is probably the most effective form of stress prevention.
Task 1. Match the headings A-E with the suggestions 1-4 in the letter.
A ________ Take up something new
B ________ Don’t put off seeing friends
C ________ Be active
D ________ Sort out your eating habits
Task 2. Match the words 1-8 with their definitions a-h.
1. stress _______ 3. melt ______ 5. diet _______ 7. romanticize _____
2. tough _______ 4. brain ______ 6. junk food _______ 8. mates _____
a make something seem more exciting or interesting than it really is / was
b things you eat which are bad for you
c pressure and worry
d difficult
e close friends
f organ inside the head
g become liquid
h all the food that you regularly eat
Task 3. Answer the questions.
1. Why is Mike’s life stressful?
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. How do parents remember their early years?
_________________________________________________________________________________
3. Why is exercise important?
_________________________________________________________________________________
4. Why might a new interest reduce stress?
_________________________________________________________________________________
5. What shouldn’t Mike eat?
_________________________________________________________________________________
6. What’s the problem with texting and emailing friends?
_________________________________________________________________________________

VIII. Read the webpage, and answer the questions.

WebDoctor
Topic: stressed about studies
Here at WebDoctor, we get a lot of messages from high-school students asking for
advice about stress. Many of you have told us that you find it difficult to study
because you feel anxious and tired. You aren’t alone. Everyone finds studying
stressful from time to time, even doctors. If we had tests this year, we’d be nervous,
too. Luckily, there are many things you can do to help with this problem.
‘I’m feeling stressed. What should I do?’
A. This is my most important tip: look after yourself. Stress can cause headaches and
other problems. Please don’t ignore any symptoms like these. You should go to the
doctor, and ask for advice.
B. The average teenager should sleep for eight to ten hours a night. Do you? Perhaps
if you rested more, you’d have more energy. Studies show that students who sleep
well actually get better grades. To fall asleep more quickly, you should go to bed
before midnight, and you shouldn’t use your cell phone or read in bed.
C. You should make a schedule to manage your time. Take a break of ten minutes
every hour, and make time for fun, too. You shouldn’t work all day. Your goal
should be ‘study well’, not ‘study lots’.
D. You shouldn’t spend time sitting still. Get up and walk around to avoid backache,
and exercise for at least 30 minutes, four times a week. Exercise helps your brain
to stay fit, too! Try walking to school, or going for a walk during your lunch break.
E. You already know you should eat healthily. But an occasional treat can be good for
you. Dark chocolate contains chemicals which can improve mood and
concentration. But you shouldn’t have too much chocolate. You wouldn’t feel
happier if you ate a whole familysized bar. You’d just have a stomachache.
F. What will you do if you don’t have tests? Don’t forget what makes you happy.
Family, friends, and hobbies are important, too. Do one thing you love every day,
and try to relax.
I’m sure you’re a great student. Believe in yourself. And good luck.
1. Why do many high-school students write to WebDoctor?
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. What is the most important piece of advice the WebDoctor gives students?
_________________________________________________________________________________
3. Why is sleep important for students?
_________________________________________________________________________________
4. What should a student do after studying for an hour?
_________________________________________________________________________________
5. How much should students exercise?
_________________________________________________________________________________
6. How can eating dark chocolate help you?
_________________________________________________________________________________
7. What should students do once every day?
_________________________________________________________________________________

IX. Read the article, and do the tasks that follow.

 Go Out, Get Fit, Be Happy!
Sick, tired, stressed? Maybe you should go out. Spending time in the countryside, or
green areas like parks, has many health benefits.
A _________________
Even small amounts of exercise can build muscles and help your heart - the most
important muscle of all. Research suggests that doing no exercise can shorten your
life by three to five years. It can be as bad for you as obesity or smoking.
One 2011 study found that people who exercised outdoors move faster and felt less
tired than those who exercised indoors - perhaps because they enjoyed it more. What
can you do outdoors in your area? For instance, if you were lucky enough to live in a
good area, you’d be able to skate, cycle, climb or simply walk in the park.
B _________________
Our body makes vitamin D when the sun shines on our skin. Studies suggest that we
need vitamin D for strong bones. It can also help us to get better more quickly when
we get a bruise or sprain a muscle. However, too much sun can cause skin cancer, so
you shouldn’t stay outside for more than a few minutes without sun protection, and
you should try to avoid getting a sunburn.
C _________________
Some people think we should stay indoors in winter to avoid getting colds and other
illnesses. That isn’t true. We don’t get colds because we feel cold. We get colds from
tiny viruses. These often spread more quickly in winter because we spend more time
close to other people indoors. Perhaps if you’d spent more time outdoors last winter,
you’d have felt healthier.
D _________________
When you breathe in fresh air, more oxygen enters your lungs. This travels around
your body in your blood until it reaches your brain. When your brain has extra oxygen,
it makes a chemical called serotonin. This is sometimes called the ‘feel-good
chemical’, because it makes us feel good. Going outdoors may also help you to relax.
In one South Korean study, researchers studied people’s brains while they were
looking at different pictures. They found that looking at pictures of cities produced
more stress and worry, while trees or mountains inspired positive emotions and happy
memories.
E _________________
Did you spend a lot of time studying indoors before your last exams? Perhaps you
should have gone out more. One study by the University of Michigan found that
people’s memory and concentration improved by 20 percent after they’d spent just an
hour outdoors. Could going out help you get better grades? Why not test the idea
yourself!

Task 1. Match the headings 1-6 to the paragraphs A-E. There is one heading
you do not need.
1. Better concentration ________
2. Exercise ________
3. Fewer colds? ________
4. Happiness ________
5. Recommended sports ________
6. Vitamin D ________
Task 2. Complete the summary with one word from the article in each gap.
You should spend time outdoors because ....
1. exercising outdoors is more effective than exercising __________ .
2. the __________ on your skin creates healthy vitamin D.
3. you may get fewer illnesses like __________ .
4. extra serotonin can help you to feel __________ .
5. looking at nature can inspire positive emotions and happy __________ .
6. it can improve your memory and concentration by __________ percent.
Task 3. Correct the sentences with true information from the article.
1. Doing no exercise isn’t as bad for you as smoking.
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. You can stay outside for an hour without sun protection.
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. When we feel cold, we are likely to get colds.
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. More oxygen leaves your body when you breathe in fresh air.
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. South Korean researchers found that pictures of cities produced feelings of
relaxation in the brain.
__________________________________________________________________________________
6. People’s concentration improved after they’d spent a whole day outdoors.
__________________________________________________________________________________

X. Read the text, and answer the questions.

Health Myth, or Health Fact?
A ‘Going outside with wet hair will give you a cold.’
If you went outside with wet hair on a cold day, you probably wouldn’t feel great.
However, it wouldn’t give you a cold. We get cold from viruses, which we catch from
other people. Still, it’s generally a good idea to try to stay warm in winter. You should
wear warm clothes, including a hat.
B ‘Eating carrots will help you to see better at night.’
Carrots contain vitamin A, which can help eyes to stay healthy. So, the myth is partly
true. But if you ate carrots daily, you still wouldn’t be able to see in the dark. In the
Second World War, the British government said that British pilots could see at night
because they ate so many carrots. This wasn’t true. In reality, the pilots used special
radar technology to ‘see’, but Britain didn’t want other countries to know this.
C ‘You should feed a cold and starve a temperature.’
Whether you have a cold or a temperature, you should still eat healthily. You shouldn’t
stop eating, because you need the energy to get better. Sometimes when we’re sick,
we don’t feel very hungry. At these times you should try to eat something tasty and
‘easy’ like chicken soup, fruit, or even ice cream.
D ‘You shouldn’t sit too close to a TV because it’s dangerous.’
In 1967, a company accidentally sold some dangerously radioactive TVs. All the TVs
were sent back and no one was hurt, but the story made people worried. Today’s TVs
are safe. If you sat near a TV for many hours, you’d probably get tired eyes, or a
headache, but you wouldn’t damage your eyes permanently.
E ‘Drinking warm milk will help you to sleep.’
Warm drinks can help us to feel sleepy. Many people in the US enjoy drinking warm
milk or hot chocolate before bed, perhaps because it reminds them of childhood.
However, if you don’t like milky drinks, that’s OK. If you drank herbal tea or hot water
with lemon and honey, it would also help you to relax.
1. According to the text, what should we do in winter?
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. How are carrots good for us?
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. How did British World War Two pilots really see so well in the dark?
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. Why should you eat when you have a temperature?
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. Why shouldn’t we sit too close to a modern TV?
__________________________________________________________________________________
6. Who likes drinking hot chocolate before bed and why?
__________________________________________________________________________________

XI. Read the text, and do the tasks that follow.

One Hundred and Counting
Do you know anyone who has had a birthday card from a king or queen? In the UK,
on your 100th and 105th birthday and every birthday after that, a birthday card is sent
to you from the Queen at Buckingham Palace, which is the British monarch’s official
residence in London. The reigning monarch has sent messages of congratulations like
this since 1917.
At that time, living over the age of 100 was a really amazing achievement. There
were only about 100 centenarians in the whole country. Today, however, there are
more than 10,000 and we’ve visited a few of them to discover the secret of their long
life.
Jean, who’s 103 and lives in an old people’s home, said that she had taken up
singing when she was a teenager and she had sung every day since then. She used to
sing in a choir and although she can’t carry on with that, she sings with her friend Ada,
who’s 101, every day. They both said that they found it absolutely brilliant for
relaxing.
Arthur has just become a centenarian and he thought having a treat every day did
him good. He said he’d always loved chocolate and he’d eaten a very big bar every
day for the last 70 years. He said he was sure there was something in the chocolate
that made him healthy.
Whatever the key to long life is, life expectancy will definitely increase in the
future. In fact, according to recent statistics, a quarter of all babies born in the UK this
year will live to be more than 100. Celebrating your 100 th birthday will be a really
ordinary thing for future generations.
Task 1. Choose the best final sentence.
A. At least, there will be fewer people for the monarch to send cards to.
B. Perhaps the monarch will have to stop sending cards?
C. The monarch probably won’t live a long life though.
Task 2. Choose the correct answers.
1. When you’re 100 or more years old in Britain, you get ______ from the monarch at
the time.
A. an invitation to Buckingham Palace
B. a card on every birthday
C. a card on certain birthdays
2. This tradition started_________.
A. hundreds of years ago B. early in the last century C. at the end
of the last century
3. There are ______ times more centenarians today than in 1917.
A. 10 B. 100 C. 1,000
4. Jean started singing as a hobby ______.
A. in her teens B. in the old people’s home C. when she
was 101
5. Arthur is ______ years of age.
A. 70 B. 100 C. 101
6. In the future, people will ______.
A. expect more from their lives
B. have more babies
C. live much longer
XII. Read the text, and do the tasks that follow.
Is Chocolate the Answer?
Have you ever wondered what makes people happy? Why are some people on cloud
nine while others are always down in the dumps? What’s the secret? Is it lots of
money, good health, loving relationships, owning the latest gadgets or simply
chocolate?
A
The latest World Happiness Report says that prosperity is not the main reason for
happiness. If you suffer real hardship, you are unlikely to be happy, but once your
basic needs are met, money and material things become less of a necessity.
Happiness depends more on recognizing the things you have and appreciating them,
rather than getting more things. Yes, money can buy you the latest smartphone,
tablet or fashion item, and you might get a kick out of the ownership of these material
objects, but this enjoyment is usually short-lived. Remember all those presents you
got for Christmas when you opened them, but not for long. A month later, they were
lying abandoned at the bottom of a drawer. And have you forgotten those delicious
chocolates that made you feel really happy when you were eating them, but ill after
you’d finished them all?
B
It seems that deep, long-lasting happiness comes from intangible things rather than
things like chocolates and smartphones. One essential factor is human relationships.
People who have the support of family members and also have strong relationships
are more likely to be happy. Feeling protected and respected and knowing you can
trust in the people around you are vital. But happiness means you have to give and
take. Performing acts of kindness and generosity on a regular basis, for example,
listening to a friend in need or carrying a neighbour’s shopping, will make you feel on
the top of the world. Even a simple smile can work wonders. In fact, they say that one
smile makes a person feel as good as eating 2,000 bars of chocolate (not at all once,
of course).
C
It’s not surprising that health is another key contributor to happiness. Poor health will
certainly make you feel down in the mouth. But being healthy and staying healthy
requires some effort. A healthy diet is crucial and so is regular exercise. Laziness will
not make you happy. Exercising for twenty to thirty minutes a day helps to reduce
stress and anxiety and makes you feel more positive and optimistic because it
releases endorphins (feel-good chemicals). So, if you’ve been feeling blue and
worrying too much about your exams, get exercising. You’ll also find that you sleep
better.
D
Talking of sleep, do you often wake up feeling miserable? If so, it’s probably because
you haven’t had enough of it. Teenagers tend to go to bed too late and have to get up
early, so many suffer from a lack of sleep. Tiredness will certainly affect your
happiness levels and put you in a bad mood. It also affects your ability to concentrate
and may slow your growth. So, if you want to be happy and do well at school, try to
get at least eight hours a night.
Now you know the theory, it’s time to put it into practice. Smile, everyone!
Task 1. Match headings 1-6 with paragraphs A-D. There are two headings
that you do not need.
1. Recharge your body and mood _________
2. Short-lived happiness _________
3. A natural remedy _________
4. Can having more and more make you happy? _________
5. Help and to be helped _________
6. Do well at school and be happy _________
Task 2. Choose the best summary of the text.
a. An opinion about what society should do to make people happy.
b. An article about what makes people happy.
c. A study showing why people find it impossible to be happy.
Task 3. Answer the questions.
1. According to the text, what are the three basic needs which are essential for
happiness?
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. What kind of happiness do material objects provide?
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. What does the sentence ‘Happiness means you have to give and take’ refer to?
Give some examples.
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. What effect does exercise have on a person’s mood?
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. According to the text, what happens if you do not get enough sleep? Is this true in
your experience?
___________________________________________________________________________________
6. What do you agree with in the text? Is there anything you don’t agree with?
___________________________________________________________________________________

XIII. Read the article and do the tasks that follow.

The Amazing Health Benefits of Snowboarding
Snowboarding is an exciting outdoor activity and is becoming very popular among
teenagers. Here, we find out how it can help you to become more healthy and enjoy
life more.
Taking chances is a great way to help you to have confidence in yourself - even if you
don’t get it right the first time. That’s why snowboarding is a fantastic way to learn
and develop a new interest. I met Kathy Fontaine, 15, on Mont Blanc, where she
explained why snowboarding is a great benefit for teens.
1
__________ At only nine years old, she was already snowboarding with her dad in
Scotland, and she continues to love it to this day. ‘Being in the mountains for hours
every day made me feel so healthy and alive,’ she says. It helped her to understand
how her body works because she learned techniques to help her to ride the
snowboard properly. 2__________ ‘Snowboarding taught me to believe in myself, even
when I was worried about hurting myself.’ Did she get hurt? ‘Yes, once or twice,
nothing serious,’ she says. ‘3__________ It made me want to succeed even more and
get to the bottom of the mountain!’
In what other ways can snowboarding make you healthy and enjoy life more? ‘It keeps
you very fit, very positive, but it also helps you to make new friends,’ Kathy says. 4
__________ ‘You have support from people who understand what you’re doing and are
there to help you improve.’ And she thinks the feel-good part of snowboarding can
also help teenagers keep out of trouble. ‘Some people I know from school laugh at me
when I tell them how great I feel after snowboarding. 5 __________ ’ So, what is Kathy’s
advice? ‘Get a snowboard, get healthy - and enjoy life!’
Task 1. Read the article quickly and choose the best alternative title.
1. How to Stay Healthy in Your Teens
2. Snowboarding Has Great Benefits for Teens
3. Snowboarding Helps Teens Stay out of Trouble
Task 2. Five sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from
sentences A-H the one which fills each gap (1-5). There are three extra
sentences which you do not need to use.
A. She knew she was going to be good at snowboarding.
B. Kathy started snowboarding at a young age.
C. She believes that doing an extreme sport also introduces you to a new and
positive community.
D. But it didn’t make me stop.
E. She already understood how to ride a snowboard.
F. It also made her feel that she could do something very well.
G. They think that hanging out on the street and doing stupid things is fun - I don’t
see how!
H. She feels teenagers think it is too dangerous to try snowboarding.
Task 3. Match the words in bold in the text to their meanings.
1. __________ feel pain because of an accident
2. __________ achieve something you want to do
3. __________ ways of doing something well
4. __________ something someone tells you to help you
5. __________ an advantage from doing something
Task 4. Complete the sentences with the words in bold from the text.
1. My __________ to you is - start snowboarding now!
2. You have to work very hard to __________ .
3. I never fall off my bike and __________ .
4. The __________ of doing a new sport is that you learn new skills.
5. I surf every day and have learned the best __________ .
XIV. Read the instructions, and then mark your score for each question.
Calculate your life expectancy.
How Long Could You Live?
What is your life expectancy? A lot depends on luck - whether you have an accident
and who your grandparents are. But you can also control some things in your lifestyle.
So how long could you live? This questionnaire is based on life insurance tests.
Write what you must add or subtract in each blank. To calculate your life expectancy,
start with an average age of 72 years. Then add or subtract the numbers.
Score (+/-)
1. Are you male or female? _______
2. How old are you? _______
3. Do you live in an urban area with a population of more than 2 million people?
_______
4. Do you live in a rural area with less than 10 thousand people? _______
5. Do you live alone? _______
6. Do you live with your family? _______
7. Do you or will you have a university degree? _______
8. Do you or will you have high professional qualifications? _______
9. Do you or will you have a job in an office? _______
10. How often do you jog, swim, play a sport or take similar exercise? _______
11. Do you often sleep more than 10 hours a day? _______
12. Are you happy? _______
13. Are you generally relaxed or do you lose your temper easily? _______
14. How many cigarettes (if any) do you smoke a day? _______
15. How much alcohol (if any) do you drink a day? _______
16. Are you overweight? If so, how much? _______
17. How old are your grandparents, or how old were they when they died? _______
18. Does anyone in your family suffer from heart disease? _______
Total life expectancy: __________________

1 If you’re a boy, subtract 3 years and if you are a girl, add 4 years.
2 If you’re between 15 to 39 years old, add 2 years.
3/4 Towns and cities are unhealthy places. If you live in a large town or city, take off
2 years, but if you live in a village or in the country, add 2 years.
5/6 Take off three years if you live on your own, but you can add 5 years if you live
with your family members or relatives.
7/8 Education is good for you. Add 1 year for a university degree and another 2 years
for high professional qualifications.
9 If you sit down most of the day, subtract 3 years.
10 Add 2 years if you exercise for at least 20-30 minutes 3 times a week.
11 If you spend more than 10 hours a day asleep, take off 4 years.
12 If you’re happy, add a year. If you’re unhappy, subtract 2 years.
13 If you’re relaxed, add three years. Subtract three years if you’re hot-tempered.
14 Don’t smoke if you want a long life. Subtract 3 years for up to 10 cigarettes a day,
4 years for 10 to 20. If you’re a non-smoker, but you live with a smoker, take off 1
year.
15 Three glasses of wine or beer a day are OK for men, 2 are OK for women. If you
drink more than this, take off a year.
16 Overweight? If you’re up to 15 kilos too heavy, subtract 2 years, 16-25 kilos take
off 4 years.
17 Long life runs in families. Add 2 years for each grandparent over 80 years old now
or when they died.
18 Take off three years if anyone in your close family (grandparents, parents,
brothers, sisters) has or had heart disease. Take off another year if anyone in
your family died under the age of 50.

1E. Speaking
• Everyday English
I. Choose the correct response. Then practise the short exchanges in pairs.
1. A: Why should we brush our teeth at B: a/ To remove dental diseases.
least twice a day? b/ To prevent plaque on your teeth.
2. A: What’s wrong with toothpicks? B: a/ They remove particles from your
teeth.
3. A: Can you see any benefits of regular b/ They can damage your teeth at the
exercise? base.
B: a/ It helps to reduce cholesterol level.
4. A: What kind of food should I have b/ You just have a 30-minute walk a day.
more? B: a/ More fruit and vegetables, less
sugar, salt.
5. A: How can I stay optimistic and b/ More all the nutrients you can get.
happy? B: a/ Be careful about your heart and
brain.
6. A: Each food item has a nutrition b/ Control your anger and do yoga.
label! B: a/ It tells you what’s inside the food.
b/ It’s only for the advertisers.
7. A: How can we refresh our mind? B: a/ It becomes worse because of
ageing.
8. A: I can’t see any benefits of healthy b/ You should rest and read a book.
lifestyle to our health. B: a/ It’s good for our immune system.
9. A: Can we use natural remedy? b/ Anything is good for our immune
system.
10. A: Should I drink a glass of hot milk B: a/ It’s a good choice for minor
before bedtime? illnesses.
b/ You can use them to boost your
beauty.
B: a/ You can do it or drink a cup of
coffee.
b/ Many people do so, but we’re not sure.

• Giving instructions for an exercise routine IL Complete the instructions

with the words below.
finally point slowly stand stretch
look touch
1. First, __________ up straight and __________ your arms above your head.
2. __________ to the ceiling.
3. Look up, __________ down.
4. Next __________ turn your head from side to side.
5. Now __________ your toes.
6. __________ , sit down on the floor.

III. Complete the text about stretching before swimming with the correct
verbs.
look down look up point sit down stand up stretch
touch
Before I go swimming, I always 1__________ . This is my simple stretching programme:
2
__________ and then 3__________ slowly, to relax my neck.
4
__________ and then 5 __________ slowly, to stretch my legs and back.
6
__________ my ankles - left hand to right ankle, then right hand to left ankle.
7
__________ my fingers and my toes straight, then get in the swimming pool.
IV. Look at the pictures and complete the dialogue, using the prompts
below. You have to make some changes to supply the correct forms.

Push-up (the photo on the left)

- Get on the floors on all fours, positioning your hands slightly wider than your
shoulders
- Extend your legs back, and you are balanced on your hands and toes. Inhale as you
slowly bend your elbows and lower yourself to the floor
- Exhale while pushing up through the hands, returning to the start position
Pull-up (the photo on the right)
- Start by standing directly below a pull-up bar, place your hands in an overhand grip
- Lift your feet up from the floor so that you’re hanging from the bar
- Bend your elbow and raise the upper body up toward the bar until your chin is over
the bar
- At the top of the movement, extend your elbow and lower your body back down to
the starting position
Mai: Hi, Lan. Are you reading a sports magazine?
Lan: Hi, Mai. Right. I’m looking at the pictures showing the ways to do some sorts of
exercise. I think they’re useful.
Mai: Let me have a look. In the picture on the left, the woman first
1
_____________________________
_______________________________________________________________________. Then,
she
2
______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________.
Lan: After that, she 3________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________.
Mai: Certainly. Look at the picture on the right. How can the man start?
Lan: I think he starts by
4
_______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________.
Mai: Then, he 5____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________; next, he
6
_____________________________________________________________________________.
Lan: I think at the top of the movement, he
7
_____________________________________________
 ___________________________________________________________.
Mai: Do you think these are suitable forms of exercise for us?

• Offering help and responding

V. Choose the correct responses.
1. “Do you want me to help you with those suitcases?” “__________”
A. Of course, not for me. B. No, I can’t help you now.
C. No, those are mine. D. No, I can manage them myself.
2. “Let me drive you home.” “__________”
A. No problem. B. Don’t worry. I’m all right.
C. I usually drive home at five. D. It’s me.
3. “Would you mind sending those flowers to Mr. Brown?” “__________”
A. Sure, I’ll do it now. B. I would if I were you.
C. He wouldn’t mind. D. No, I can handle it myself.
4. “Do you need any help?” “__________”
A. No, thanks. I’m too weak to lift this box.
B. No, thanks. I’m strong enough to lift this box.
C. Yes, thanks. I’m too strong to lift this box.
D. Yes, thanks. I’m weak enough to lift this box.
5. “Would you like me to get you a taxi?” “__________”
A. Well. Let’s see. B. Yes, please, if it does not bother.
C. Yes, I see. D. That would be delightful. Thanks.
6. “Do you want me to turn up the heater?” “__________”
A. It’s my pleasure. B. No, go right ahead.
C. No, it’s quite warm here. D. Thanks. I’ll be right back.
7. “Let me give you a lift home.” “__________”
A. Don’t mention it. B. I like lifts.
C. If you don’t mind. D. You’re very welcome.
8. “Can I carry these suitcases into the room for you?” - “__________”
A. You can’t, I think! B. No, you can’t.
C. Yes, you can. D. Can you? That’s very kind.
9. “Shall I wait for you?” - “__________”
A. Why ask such a question? B. No need to ask.
C. No, don’t bother. D. No, of course.
10. “Would you like me to send this package for you?” - “__________”
A. That would be nice. Any problems? B. Yes, please, if you don’t mind.
C. I’m sorry, but here you are. D. No, thanks. I’m really busy.

1F. Writing
• A short message
I. Put the sentences in a message in the correct order.
Dear Phong,
_____ a. Please let us know if we might bring something.
_____ b. We are thrilled to be included in such a happy event and plan to meet you in
the school auditorium on the evening of October 10 th at seven o’clock.
_____ c. We are looking forward to the celebration.
_____ d. Thank you for the kind invitation to the end-of-term party.
 Nick

II. Write a short message, using the words given.

Dear Mai,
1. Thank / very much / invitation
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. However /I / not / able / attend
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. Unfortunately /I / another event / scheduled / same day
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. I wish /I / attend / but /I / not
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. I / hope / see / soon
___________________________________________________________________________________
Linda

TEST 1 (UNIT 1)
I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. antibiotic B. bacteria C. organism D. examine
2. A. germ B. spread C. regular D. recipe
3. A. fitness B. disease C. illness D. press-up
Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
4. A. examine B. poisoning C. bacteria D. infection
5. A. diameter B. expectancy C. ingredient D. organism
II. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.
6. Women have a longer life _______ than men.
A. story B. membership C. history D. expectancy
7. You should continue to lead a healthy life, such as eating a(n) _______ diet, taking
exercise and keeping warm.
A. balanced B. sensitive C. poor D. unhealthy
8. Studies show that an active _______ can reduce your chance of developing heart
disease.
A. life insurance B. life cycle C. lifestyle D. life line
9. A hot bath will help relax sore _______.
A. mouth B. muscles C. knees D. elbows
10. I swim twice a week to try to _______ fit.
A. keep B. make C. consider D. see
11. The best _______ for a cold is to rest and drink lots of fluids.
A. healing B. treatment C. herb D. prevention
12. An active lifestyle has many health _______.
A. care B. issues C. needs D. benefits
13. Hercules was famous for his great _______.
A. strength B. weakness C. effort D. powerful
14. I don’t like _______ tasks like washing and ironing.
A. repeatedly B. repeated C. repetitive D. replaceable
15. Professional footballers spend at least an hour every day _______ in the gym.
 A. working out B. working C. to work D. to work out
III. Fill in each blank in the passage with the correct word / phrase below.
There are three extra words.
treatment life expectancy childbirth lifestyle
behaviour weaker sex diet deaths
Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men?
Women generally live about six years longer than men. Evidence suggests that
boys are the 16__________ at birth, which means that more die in infancy. Also, women
do not have as much heart disease as men. In terms of 17__________ , men smoke more
than women, and thus more die of smoking-related diseases. They drink more and are
more aggressive in 18__________ , particularly in driving cars, so they are more likely to
die in accidents. Also, they generally have more dangerous occupations, such as
building work.
Historically, women died in 19__________ and men in wars. Now, childbearing is less
risky and there are fewer wars. The country with the highest 20__________ is Japan,
where the average age for men is 76 and for women is 82.
IV. Some of the sentences are incorrect. Rewrite them using the correct
tense.
21. I’ve been to Ha Noi last year.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
22. She’s written three emails last night.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
23. Last summer we saw some beautiful lakes in Ha Noi.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
24. Have you ever met anyone famous?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
25. I lived in Ho Chi Minh City since 2018.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
V. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank
space in the following passage.
Foot massage has been 26 __________ in different cultures for years to promote
health and well-being. Also, it has been a valuable part of complementary and
alternative 27 __________ .
Reflexology is an ancient healing practice based on the principle that there are
reflex points on the feet that correspond to the body’s different 28 __________ and
glands. These points are located on the soles, ankles, toes and upper part of the foot.
In reflexology, pressure is applied 29 __________ special areas on the feet with specific
thumb, finger or hand techniques.
Stimulating and applying pressure to these reflexes on the feet is definitely
pleasurable, but at the same time it helps 30 __________ good health.
Due to urban 31 __________ , most of us do not use the muscles of our feet properly.
Also, improper footwear like tight shoes hamper normal circulation in the feet. You can
improve your blood circulation with 10 minutes of daily foot massage. This in turn will
help 32 __________ oxygen to the body’s cells, which is 33__________ for overall health.
Certain points on the feet are helpful in alleviating symptoms of depression. For
instance, the spot in the center of the big toe, the spot at the center of the ball of your
foot are associated with emotional 34__________ and mental health.
One easy way to keep your feet healthy and free from all kinds of foot problems is
a regular foot massage. It helps stimulate the muscles around your feet, lessens
stiffness and even 35 __________ pain in the ankles or the heels.
26. A. worked B. made C. practised D. trained
27. A. medicine B. medicines C. pills D. substance
28. A. bodies B. organizations C. organs D. regions
29. A. for B. to C. through D. with
30. A. raised B. upgrade C. stimulate D. promote
31. A. lifetime B. lifestyles C. life expectancy D. life story
32. A. transform B. transfer C. transport D. transmit
33. A. essential B. available C. care D. suitable
34. A. quality B. stability C. need D. change
35. A. kills B. cures C. rejects D. reduces
VI. Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each
question.
Health Benefits of Yoga
Yoga is a healthy lifestyle. One of the benefits of yoga is that you can choose a
yoga style that is suitable for your lifestyle, such as hot yoga, power yoga, relaxation
yoga, etc. If you are a yoga beginner, Hatha Yoga, which focuses on basic postures at
a comfortable pace, would be great for you. If you want to increase strength through
using more of your own body’s resistance, Power Yoga may be right for you. Whether
you prefer you're at home, in a private session, watching a DVD or at a studio or gym,
there are a huge variety of options available to suit your goals and needs.
Improved flexibility is one of the first and most obvious benefits of yoga. During
your first class, you probably won’t be able to touch your toes. But if you stick with it,
you’ll notice a gradual loosening, and eventually, seemingly impossible poses will
become possible. Each of the yoga poses is built to reinforce the muscles around the
spine, the very center of your body, which is the core from which everything else
operates. When the core is working properly, posture is improved, thus alleviating
back, shoulder, and neck pain.
Strong muscles do more than look good. They also protect us from conditions like
arthritis and back pain, and help prevent falls in elderly people. And when you build
strength through yoga, you balance it with flexibility. If you just went to the gym and
lifted weights, you might build strength at the expense of flexibility.
Yoga gets your blood flowing. More specifically, the relaxation exercises you learn
in yoga can help your circulation, especially in your hands and feet. Yoga also gets
more oxygen to your cells, which function better as a result. Twisting poses are
thought to wring out venous blood from internal organs and allow oxygenated blood to
flow in once the twist is released.
Many studies found that a consistent yoga practice improved depression and led to
greater levels of happiness and better immune function.
36. Yoga is a very convenient type of exercise because _______.
A. we can watch a DVD at a studio or gym and follow it
B. we can choose a yoga style that is suitable for our lifestyle
C. we can choose Hatha Yoga to focus on basic postures or to increase strength
D. there are a huge variety of options available for our private session
37. According to yoga’s principles, the spine is of great importance because _______.
A. when the spine is working properly, postures will become possible
B. seemingly impossible poses will become possible
C. it is the center of your body, from which other muscles operate
D. we can avoid back, shoulder, and neck pain
38. In order to build strong muscles, _______.
A. we build strength with high expenses at the gym
 B. we don’t pay any attention to our appearance
C. we should reinforce the muscles around the spine
D. we can have strength with flexibility through yoga
39. Yoga can improve our circulation because _______.
A. it helps to provide more oxygen to cells or internal organs
B. it helps us to perform twisting poses more easily
C. we can have more relaxation exercises
D. it helps to provide more blood to internal organs than others
40. The word “alleviating” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _______.
A. keeping B. relieving C. worsening D. boosting

VII. Giving the instructions for dynamic triceps warm-up by putting the cues
in the correct order and using the words of sequence: to begin with, next,
then, after that, finally. Then report it to your partner.
Dynamic Triceps Warm-up
______ a. Do the same movement with your palms facing backward, up, and down.
______ b. Do each movement for 30 seconds for two to three repetitions.
______ c. Extend your arms straight out to the sides so they’re parallel to the floor with
your palms facing down.
______ d. Turn your palms to face forward and pulse your arms back and forth.
______ e. Rotate your arms in backward circles, and then rotate your arms in forward
circles.
41. To begin with,

42.

43.

44.

45.

VIII. Use the words or phrases given to write a short message.

Dear Sir,
46. I / happy / receive / your invitation / Christmas party / December 24 th / 7.00 pm
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
47. I / glad / inform you /I / delighted / join / party / specified time
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
48. I / make sure /I / present there / scheduled date / time
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
49. I / look forward / enjoyable evening / our old friends
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
50. Merry Christmas / best wishes / you / your family
___________________________________________________________________________________
Nick

TEST 2 (UNIT 1)
I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. suffer B. nutrient C. muscle D. jump
2. A. organism B. properly C. antibiotic D. doctor
3. A. infection B. bacteria C. expectancy D. recipe
Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
4. A. develop B. energy C. regular D. exercise
5. A. antibiotic B. tuberculosis C. vitalisation D. nutritionally
II. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.
6. It’s a good idea to stretch your _______ after weight lifting.
A. power B. muscles C. strength D. movements
7. A fit body is crucial if you want a(n) _______ mind.
A. open B. close C. active D. unconscious
8. Travel sickness is caused by the effect of _______ movements.
A. repeat B. repeated C. repeatedly D. repetitive
9. A balanced _______ means eating a selection of different foods, with no one type
predominating.
A. diet B. view C. coverage D. approach
10. Sixty-year-old men who still smoke have a(n) _______ of less than 12 years.
A. life support B. lifestyle C. lifespan D. expectation
11. Doctors are trying out a new treatment _______ depression.
A. to B. for C. about D. with
12. Phong works _______ in the gym two or three times a week.
A. off B. over C. against D. out
13. Is choosing to be green really an alternative _______?
A. lifestyle B. lifelong C. lifetime D. lifeline
14. After the accident she had to _______ riding and farming.
A. refuse B. bother C. ignore D. give up
15. There is nothing to prevent us _______ going.
A. off B. against C. from D. to
III. Fill in each blank in the passage with the correct word below. There are
three extra words.
risk disorders well-being depression
hypertension relationships behaviours increases
Ikaria, Greece: Enjoy a Nap after Tea
Residents of this Greek island are three times as likely to reach age 90 than people
in the U.S. Living to nonagenarian status may be more likely when you get some
bonus sleep.
In a study, among Ikarian elders who regularly nap in the middle of the day, none
of them showed symptoms of 16____________, while many of the non-nappers did. A
broader study examining the sleeping 17__________ of all Greeks found that those who
catnapped for at least 30 minutes had a 37 percent lower 18__________ of dying from
heart disease than those who didn’t.
 They also regularly enjoy herbal tea. Traditional Greek teas include wild mint
which fights stomach 19__________ ; rosemary for gout; and artemisia for blood
circulation. Many local teas also contain mild substances that can treat 20__________.
This may explain why Ikaria has half the rate of heart disease compared to the rest of
the region.
IV. Some of the sentences are incorrect. Rewrite them using the correct
tense.
21. ‘Did you buy a present yet?’ - ‘No, not yet.’.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
22. Last Christmas my parents have given me a new laptop.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
23. ‘Have you ever been diving?’ - ‘Yes, I’ve been diving last summer.’
_____________________________________________________________________________________
24. He has gone to the supermarket. He bought too many things.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
25. Linda has been to the bookshop. She bought reference books for her study.
_____________________________________________________________________________________

V. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank
space in the following passage.
Highest Life Expectancy In The World
Longevity hot spots are located in regions of different countries where people
commonly lead 26__________ lives past the age of 100. A blue zone is considered to be
a ‘longevity oasis’ and the people who live there are believed to have the longest life
expectancy on Earth.
The longest living women were found in Okinawa, Japan. Another blue zone was
discovered in the mountains of Sardinia, Italy where even men 27__________ the age of
100 at an amazing rate, another was discovered on the Nicoya Peninsula of Costa Rica
in 2007. Only one of the blue zones is located in the United States. It was found when
researchers who were staying in Loma Linda, California discovered they suffered from
28
__________ of the diseases that commonly kill people in other parts of the United
States and throughout the developed world. The final blue zone was found on an
expedition to the island of Ikaria, Greece where they have 50% lower rates of heart
disease, 20% less cancer, and 29__________ zero dementia - loss of memory.
What's their secret formula for 30__________ another 10 healthy years? Scientists
focused on these longevity hot spots to answer that question and found that while it
helps to have good genes, that's less than 30% of the equation. If you adopt the right
31
__________ , they concluded the other 70% can be up to us. Other 32__________ the
people living in the blue zones have in common include less stress and more
33
__________ , strong 34 __________ on family, a fresh natural plant-based diet, very little
red meat and daily exercise. Leading their lives with a sense of 35__________ was a big
factor. It ensures they look forward to getting up in the morning.
26. A. act B. acting C. active D. actively
27. A. get B. reach C. come D. become
28. A. bits B. pieces C. a piece D. a fraction
29. A. almost B. quite C. hardly D. about
30. A. making B. adding C. bringing D. supplying
31. A. remedy B. behaviour C. lifestyle D. medicine
32. A. traits B. types C. tracks D. problems
33. A. sociable B. social C. society D. socializing
34. A. pressure B. effect C. emphasis D. influence
35. A. value B. meaning C. determination D. purpose
VI. Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each
question.
Acupuncture
Acupuncture involves the insertion of very thin needles through the patient's skin
at specific points on the body, and the needles are inserted to various depths. The
medical community is not in conclusive agreement about how acupuncture works
scientifically. However, we know that it does have some therapeutic benefits,
including pain relief.
According to WHO, acupuncture is effective for treating 28 conditions, while
evidence indicates it may have an effective therapeutic value for many more. People
with tension, headaches or migraines may find acupuncture to be very effective in
alleviating their symptoms. Another study found that twice weekly acupuncture
treatments relieve debilitating symptoms of zerostomia - severe dry mouth - among
patients treated with head and neck cancer.
Traditional Chinese medicine explains that health is the result of a harmonious
balance of the complementary extremes of yin and yang of the life force known as chi
or qi. Qi is said to flow through pathways in the human body. Through 350
acupuncture points in the body, these pathways and energy flows may be accessed.
Illness is said to be the consequence of an imbalance of the forces. If needles are
inserted into these points with appropriate combinations, it is said that the energy
flow can be brought back into proper balance.
In Western societies and several other parts of the world, acupuncture is
explained, including concepts of neuroscience. Acupuncture points are seen by
Western practitioners as places where nerves, muscles and connective tissue can be
stimulated. Acupuncture practitioners say that the stimulation increases blood flow
while at the same time triggering the activity of our own body's natural painkillers.
36. In acupuncture, the insertion of the very thin needles involves with __________.
A. the thinness of needles and skin
B. therapeutic benefits of pain relief
C. agreement from scientists
D. the locations, and the depths
37. It is thought that acupuncture is effective in treating all of the following symptoms
EXCEPT __________.
A. headaches B. cancer C. migraines D. nervousness
38. With the practice of acupuncture, it is believed that __________.
A. the energy flow can be brought back to patients
B. energy can go through acupuncture points in the body
C. patients can get proper balance between yin and yang
D. illness causes the imbalance of qi throughout the body
39. According to Western medicine, the insertion of needles through acupuncture
points in the body may __________.
A. increase blood flow and stimulate our instinct of pain relief
B. stimulate the effect of painkillers in our bodies for treatment
C. be used only in China and the Far East not the Western countries
D. help to explain where nerves and muscles can be stimulated
40. The word ‘triggering’ in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to __________.
A. causing a device to start operating
B. causing something to explode
 C. making something happen suddenly
D. making something develop very quickly
VII. Giving the instructions for doing squat by putting the cues in the correct
order and using the words of sequence: first, to begin with, next, then, after
that, finally. Then report it to your partner. The first one has been done for
you.
Squat
__0__ First, stand tall, with your back straight, feet a little more than hip-width apart
and in a straight line.
______ a. Lower your body weight on your heels. Go down until your hips are lower
than your knees.
______ b. Breathe in and go down to the squat position, and try to do 3 sets of 30
squats.
______ c. Look straight ahead; keep your back straight; breathe in and start bending
your knees.
______ d. Breathe out and start getting back up until your legs straight.
______ e. Keep your arms in front of you and look straight. Hold this pose for 3
seconds.
41. To begin with,___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
42. _________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
43. _________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
44. _________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
45. _________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
VIII. Use the words or phrases given to write meaningful sentences.
How You Can Keep Your Teeth Healthy
46. you / brush / teeth / at least twice / breakfast / and / bedtime
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
47. all / teeth / brushed / not only / front ones / but / the sides / in the back
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
48. the dentist / your parents / show you / best way / get your teeth / clean /
damaging/ your gums
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
49. make sure / your toothbrush / soft bristles / and some toothbrushes / come /
bristles / that change / colour / when / it / time/ change them
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
50. you also / need / be careful / what / you / eat and drink / eat / lots / fruits /
vegetables / drink water / instead / soda
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________