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Electron Affinity Trends Explained

Electron affinity increases from left to right across a period as atomic radius decreases but decreases from top to bottom of a group as atomic radius increases. Elements with higher electron affinity are electron acceptors that accept electrons during chemical reactions, while elements with lower electron affinity are electron donors that donate electrons.

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812 views15 pages

Electron Affinity Trends Explained

Electron affinity increases from left to right across a period as atomic radius decreases but decreases from top to bottom of a group as atomic radius increases. Elements with higher electron affinity are electron acceptors that accept electrons during chemical reactions, while elements with lower electron affinity are electron donors that donate electrons.

Uploaded by

Oyananasha Ron
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Trend in the

ELECTRON
AFFINITY of
elements
Review
What is the trend in the ionization energy of
elements?
Ionization energy (1)________ from left to right
across a period and (2)_________ from top to
bottom of a group.
Electron affinity is the ability of the atom to accept an
electron.
 A higher electron affinity indicates that an atom more
easily accepts electrons.
 A lower electron affinity indicates that an atom does not
accept electrons as easily.
 The primary use of electron affinity values is to determine
whether an atom or molecule will act as an electron
acceptor or an electron donor during chemical reactions.
One way for elements to be combined with other elements
to form compounds is through the transfer of electrons.
Trend in the electron affinity of elements

 Electron affinity increases


from left to right across a
period. This is because the
atomic radius becomes
smaller.
 Electron affinity decreases
from top to bottom down a
group because the atomic
radius becomes bigger.
 An element with higher electron affinity accepts electrons (electron acceptor).
 An element with lower electron affinity donates electrons (electron donor).

Na – lower electron affinity Which element is the electron donor and


- electron donor electron acceptor?
Cl – higher electron affinity Zn - _______________
- electron acceptor O - _______________
CONCEPT CHECK!

Which has lower electron affinity? Why?


Li Cs
Arrange the elements boron (B), fluorine
(F), and oxygen (O) according to
increasing electron affinity.
a. B, F, O
b. F, O, B
c. B, O, F
Arrange the elements bromine (Br),
iodine (I), and fluorine (F) according to
decreasing electron affinity.
a. F, I, Br
b. Br, I, F
c. F, Br, I
d. I, Br, F
Arrange the elements carbon (C), fluorine (F), and
lithium (Li) according to increasing electron
affinity.
a. F, C, Li
b. C, F, Li
c. Li, F, C
d. Li, C, F
In between calcium (Ca) and iodine (I), which is
likely to be the electron acceptor in a chemical
reaction? Why?

Ca I
What is electron affinity?
What happens to electron affinity as we go from left to
right of a period?
How about if we go from top to bottom of a group?
GIVE AND TAKE RELATIONSHIP

The importance of electron affinity in a chemical reaction can


be compared to a give-and-take relationship, where one
takes/accepts and one gives/donates. How important is
give and take between you and your friends?
ASSESSMENT

Arrange the following elements according to increasing


electron affinity.
1. Li, B, O
2. N, P, As
3. Cs, Au, At

In between the 2 elements, which is an electron


acceptor?
4. Ca or Br
5. F or Na

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