Houthis
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The Houthis are a militia group that controls much of Yemen. Formed in the 1990s by the firebrand cleric Hussein al-Houthi, the Houthis champion Yemen’s Shia Muslim minority, the Zaidis. Over the decades they have developed a close relationship with Iran and Hezbollah, who provide them with weapons, intelligence and training. The Houthis' power grew significantly after seizing Yemen's capital, Sanaa, in 2014, leading to a civil war. A coalition of Gulf states led by Saudi Arabia intervened in 2015, launching a military campaign to restore the Yemeni government, but the conflict persists. After the outbreak of the Gaza war in 2023 the Houthis have started firing missiles at Israel and attacking ships in the Red Sea, which they say is in solidarity with the Palestinians.