ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)
ASCII is a standard encoding system used to represent text characters in computer systems. Developed in the 1960s, ASCII assigns a unique 7-bit binary number to each character, allowing for the representation of up to 128 characters. These characters include uppercase and lowercase English letters, digits, punctuation marks, and control codes (e.g., newline and tab). ASCII was widely adopted because it provided a universal way to encode text across different systems, enabling interoperability. Although it has been largely replaced by more comprehensive encoding standards like Unicode, ASCII remains fundamental in programming, especially for basic text processing tasks.
Hexadecimal
The hexadecimal system, or base-16, is a numeral system that uses sixteen symbols: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C,
D, E, and F. It is commonly used in computing and digital electronics because it provides a more compact way to represent
binary data. Each hexadecimal digit corresponds to four binary digits (bits). For example, the binary number 10101111
can be written as AF in hexadecimal. Hexadecimal is frequently used in programming for memory addresses,
color codes in web design (e.g., #FF5733), and representing machine-level instructions in a readable format.