Abstract
Abiotic pressures including drought, high temperature, flooding and salinity influence the development and productivity of plants. Also, global climate change will increase the incidence and magnitude of abiotic stress, indicating that a variety of growth with improved stress tolerance is crucial to future sustainable crop production. Salicylic acid (SA) is a phenolic compound formed by a varied variety of plant species to varying degrees and it considers a naturally occurring plant hormone that serves as an essential signaling agent that contributes to abiotic stress tolerance. This endogenous driver of plant growth engages in various physiological and metabolic reactions and picking up of ions and movement. Also, involved in endogenous signaling is salicylic acid which activates plant defense against abiotic stresses. SA helps plants react to abiotic stresses including heavy metal toxicity, temperature changing, UV light and osmotic force pressures. SA influence often depends on many variables, such as implementation style, concentration, environmental circumstances, plant species and organs. SA synthesis occurs through two pathways, isochorismate (IC) and the ammonia-lyase phenylalanine (PAL) pathway. It consists of genes that encode chaperones, heat shock proteins, antioxidants and secondary metabolite biosynthesis genes including sinapyl alcohol dehydrogenase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase and cytochrome. One significant and notable general belief is low concentrations of SA increase plant antioxidant capacity, but high of it induce cell death or abiotic stress susceptibility. This chapter presents an overview of the historical and background of the role of the SA, chemical composition, synthesis and metabolism of SA, transport of SA in plants, the response of plant stages to SA, the role of SA response in plants under abiotic stresses and the role of biotechnology for reducing the abiotic stress.
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Salem, K.F.M., Saleh, M.M., Abu-Ellail, F.F.B., Aldahak, L., Alkuddsi, Y.A. (2021). The Role of Salicylic Acid in Crops to Tolerate Abiotic Stresses. In: Hayat, S., Siddiqui, H., Damalas, C.A. (eds) Salicylic Acid - A Versatile Plant Growth Regulator. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79229-9_7
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