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Mechanisms of dietary Cu uptake in freshwater rainbow trout: evidence for Na-assisted Cu transport and a specific metal carrier in the intestine

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Abstract

Copper (Cu) is both a vital nutrient and a potent toxicant. The objective of this study was to analyze the mechanistic nature of intestinal Cu transport in rainbow trout using radiolabeled Cu (64Cu) and an in vitro gut sac technique. Reduction of mucosal NaCl levels inhibited Cu transport while increase caused stimulation; Na2SO4 had an identical effect, implicating Na+ rather than the anion. These responses were unrelated to solvent drag, osmotic pressure or changes in transepithelial potential. The presence of elevated luminal Ag stimulated Cu and Na+ uptake. Phenamil caused a partial inhibition of both Cu and Na+ uptake while hypercapnia stimulated Na+ and Cu transport. Cu uptake was sensitive to luminal pH and inhibited by a tenfold excess of Fe and Zn. These factors had no effect on Na+ uptake. On the basis of these results we propose a novel Na+-assisted mechanism of Cu uptake wherein the Na+ gradient stimulates an increase in the H+ concentration of the brushborder creating a suitable microenvironment for the effective transport of Cu via either DMT1 or Ctr1.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Dr Gordon McEwan (University of Aberdeen) and Dr Julian Mercer (Deakin University) for helpful advice and discussions during the preparation of the manuscript. This work was supported by funds from the Human Health program of the International Copper Association (ICA). CMW is supported by the Canada Research Chair Program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S4K1, USA

    Sunita Rao Nadella & Chris M. Wood

  2. Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33149, USA

    Martin Grosell & Chris M. Wood

Authors
  1. Sunita Rao Nadella
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  2. Martin Grosell
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  3. Chris M. Wood
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Correspondence to Sunita Rao Nadella.

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Communicated by G. Heldmaier.

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Nadella, S.R., Grosell, M. & Wood, C.M. Mechanisms of dietary Cu uptake in freshwater rainbow trout: evidence for Na-assisted Cu transport and a specific metal carrier in the intestine. J Comp Physiol B 177, 433–446 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00360-006-0142-3

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