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The diatom parasite Lagenisma coscinodisci (Lagenismatales, Oomycota) is an early diverging lineage of the Saprolegniomycetes

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Abstract

Diatom pathogens are potentially of great ecological importance as they might play a role in the breakdown of plankton blooms. Even though several diatom-infecting oomycetes have been described, none of them has so far been included in molecular phylogenetic investigations. One of the most enigmatic species of these pathogens is Lagenisma coscinodisci, which infects centric diatoms of the genus Coscinodiscus. Its life-cycle and assumed mode of sexual recombination suggested a basal position for this pathogen. In the current study, the phylogeny of this pathogen was investigated using SSU and cox2 sequences. Phylogenetic reconstructions revealed a position basal in Saprolegniomycetes, together with Atkinsiella, while Olpidiopsis and other marine holocarpic pathogens were in an even more basal position. As the formation of oospores has been reported in Peronosporomycetes and Saprolegniomycetes, as well as in some Olpidiopsis species, the unique mode of sexual reproduction observed in Lagenisma either represents an alternative way of exchanging genetic material, rather than representing an ancestral state or suggests that oospores have evolved several times independently from resting zygotes.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by the LOEWE excellence initiative of the government of Hessen, in the framework of the Integrative Fungal Research Cluster (IPF). Cordial thanks to Bagdevi Mishra for support with the phylogenetic analyses, to the ship crew of the RV Aade of the Biologische Anstalt Helgoland for their support in collecting net samples, and to BAH guest scientist Otto Larink who alerted us to the possible presence of Lagenisma in 2014. Author contributions were as follows – MT and LN conceived the experiments, AK screened raw net samples and collected the infected diatoms, BN conducted the DNA extraction, PCR and sequencing, and MT did the phylogenetic analyses and analysed the data. MT wrote the manuscript, with contributions from the other authors. Competing interest statement – MT is a section editor of Mycological Progress.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturkunde, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

    Marco Thines, Bora Nam & Lisa Nigrelli

  2. Institute of Ecology, Diversity and Evolution, Department of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60439, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

    Marco Thines, Bora Nam & Lisa Nigrelli

  3. Integrative Fungal Research Cluster (IPF), Georg-Voigt-Str. 14-16, D-60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

    Marco Thines

  4. School of Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK

    Gordon Beakes

  5. Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Kurpromenade 201, D-27498, Helgoland, Germany

    Alexandra Kraberg

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  1. Marco Thines
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  2. Bora Nam
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  3. Lisa Nigrelli
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  4. Gordon Beakes
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Correspondence to Marco Thines.

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Section Editor:Franz Oberwinkler

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Thines, M., Nam, B., Nigrelli, L. et al. The diatom parasite Lagenisma coscinodisci (Lagenismatales, Oomycota) is an early diverging lineage of the Saprolegniomycetes. Mycol Progress 14, 75 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-015-1099-y

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