{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T10:39:20Z","timestamp":1766486360745,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]],"date-time":"2023-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and safe Mining, CUMT","award":["SKLCRSM21KF010","51704267"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SKLCRSM21KF010","51704267"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["SKLCRSM21KF010","51704267"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SKLCRSM21KF010","51704267"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents research on the physical layer security performance of a multi-user mixed RF\/FSO system based on optimal user interference. In this system model, the RF link experiences Rayleigh fading, and the FSO link follows the Fischer\u2013Snedecor F distribution. The system adopts a double-hop-decode-and-forward (DF) relay scheme. We also consider the effect of directivity errors in the FSO link and assume the presence of an illegal eavesdropper with a single antenna near the RF link. The source node controls the energy collection and information forwarding using a multi-user structure based on simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT). We select the optimal user to jam the eavesdropper\u2019s communication. We derive closed-form expressions for the mixed RF\/FSO communication system\u2019s secrecy outage probability (SOP) and average secrecy capacity (ASC). Monte Carlo simulations are performed to verify the accuracy of these expressions. By formulating and simulating the simulation system, the impact of various important factors on the mixed system\u2019s physical layer security (PLS) is analyzed. The analysis indicates that increasing the number of antennas and interference signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the optimal user, the time allocation factor and energy conversion efficiency, and the improvement in the quality of atmospheric channels with improved weather will significantly enhance this system\u2019s PLS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s23146523","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]],"date-time":"2023-07-19T21:22:58Z","timestamp":1689801778000},"page":"6523","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Physical Layer Security Performance of Multi-User Mixed Radio-Frequency\/Free-Space-Optics System Based on Optimal User Interference"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Zihe","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Wave Information Technology and Metrology of Zhejiang Province, College of Information Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8360-6627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Wave Information Technology and Metrology of Zhejiang Province, College of Information Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7575-6847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiamin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Wave Information Technology and Metrology of Zhejiang Province, College of Information Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.osn.2018.11.004","article-title":"An optimization model for robust FSO network dimensioning","volume":"32","author":"Nace","year":"2019","journal-title":"Opt. 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