diff --git a/code/BadKangaroo.py b/code/BadKangaroo.py index 4f230bd..564176d 100644 --- a/code/BadKangaroo.py +++ b/code/BadKangaroo.py @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ def __init__(self, name, contents=[]): contents: initial pouch contents. """ self.name = name - self.pouch_contents = contents + self.pouch_contents = [i for i in contents] def __str__(self): """Return a string representaion of this Kangaroo. @@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ def put_in_pouch(self, item): item: object to be added """ + print(f'Adding {item} to a pouch') self.pouch_contents.append(item) @@ -55,6 +56,7 @@ def put_in_pouch(self, item): kanga.put_in_pouch(roo) print(kanga) +print(roo) # If you run this program as is, it seems to work. # To see the problem, trying printing roo. diff --git a/code/Card.py b/code/Card.py index 4d6e846..4aaba43 100644 --- a/code/Card.py +++ b/code/Card.py @@ -114,6 +114,18 @@ def move_cards(self, hand, num): for i in range(num): hand.add_card(self.pop_card()) + def deal_hands(self, hands, handsize): + """ Deals a given number of hands of a given size. + + hands: number of hands to be dealt + handsize: how many Cards should be in each Hand + """ + table = [] + for i in range(hands): + curhand = Hand() + self.move_cards(curhand, handsize) + table.append(curhand) + return table class Hand(Deck): """Represents a hand of playing cards.""" @@ -147,3 +159,9 @@ def find_defining_class(obj, method_name): deck.move_cards(hand, 5) hand.sort() print(hand) + + print('***') + headsup = deck.deal_hands(2,5) + for hand in headsup: + print(hand) + print('---') diff --git a/code/Point1.py b/code/Point1.py index 53b5eaf..29982ff 100644 --- a/code/Point1.py +++ b/code/Point1.py @@ -17,7 +17,37 @@ class Point: attributes: x, y """ - + def __init__(self, x=0, y=0): + self.x = x + self.y = y + + def __str__(self): + return('(%g, %g)' % (self.x, self.y)) + + def __add__(self, other): + if isinstance(other, Point): + return self.add_point(other) + else: + return self.add_tuple(other) + + def __radd__(self, other): # Make point addition commutative + return self.__add__(other) + + def add_point(self, other): + sumpoint = Point() + x3 = self.x + other.x + y3 = self.y + other.y + sumpoint.x = x3 + sumpoint.y = y3 + return sumpoint + + def add_tuple(self, twople): + sumpoint = Point() + x3 = self.x + twople[0] + y3 = self.y + twople[1] + sumpoint.x = x3 + sumpoint.y = y3 + return sumpoint def print_point(p): """Print a Point object in human-readable format.""" @@ -60,7 +90,7 @@ def main(): blank.x = 3 blank.y = 4 print('blank', end=' ') - print_point(blank) + print(blank) box = Rectangle() box.width = 100.0 @@ -71,7 +101,7 @@ def main(): center = find_center(box) print('center', end=' ') - print_point(center) + print(center) print(box.width) print(box.height) @@ -79,6 +109,11 @@ def main(): grow_rectangle(box, 50, 100) print(box.width) print(box.height) + three = Point(2, 3) + four = Point(4,5) + print(three+four) + print(three + (1,1)) + print((1,1) + four) if __name__ == '__main__': diff --git a/code/PokerHand.py b/code/PokerHand.py index cae691c..b9198ae 100644 --- a/code/PokerHand.py +++ b/code/PokerHand.py @@ -26,6 +26,80 @@ def suit_hist(self): for card in self.cards: self.suits[card.suit] = self.suits.get(card.suit, 0) + 1 + def rank_hist(self): + """Builds a histogram of the ranks (number value) that appear. + + Stores the result in attribute ranks. + """ + self.ranks = {} + for card in self.cards: + self.ranks[card.rank] = self.ranks.get(card.rank, 0) + 1 + + def has_flush(self): + """Returns True if the hand has a flush, False otherwise. + + Note that this works correctly for hands with more than 5 cards. + """ + self.suit_hist() + for val in self.suits.values(): + if val >= 5: + return True + return False + + def has_pair(self): + """Returns True if the hand has two of a kind at least once, False + otherwise + + Note that a hand with three fives will also 'have a pair' + """ + self.rank_hist() + for val in self.ranks.values(): + if val >= 2: + return True + return False + + def has_two_pair(self): + """Returns True if the hand has two of a kind at least TWICE, False + otherwise + + Note that a hand with three fives will also 'have a pair' + """ + self.rank_hist() + count = 0 + for val in self.ranks.values(): + if val >= 2: + count += 1 + if count >= 2: + return True + return False + + def has_three_o_kind(self): + """Returns True if the hand has a three of a kind, False otherwise + + Overlaps with better hands (e.g. four o' a kind) + """ + self.rank_hist() + for val in self.ranks.values(): + if val >= 3: + return True + return False + + def has_straight(self): + """ Aces high or lo""" + self.rank_hist() + prevkey = 0 + count = 0 + for key in self.ranks.keys(): + if key == prevkey + 1: + count += 1 + if count == 5: + return True + else: + count = 0 + prevkey = key + + return False + def has_flush(self): """Returns True if the hand has a flush, False otherwise. @@ -37,6 +111,14 @@ def has_flush(self): return True return False + def has_full_house(self): + pass + + def has_four_o_kind(self): + pass + + def has_straight_flush(self): + pass if __name__ == '__main__': # make a deck @@ -49,6 +131,6 @@ def has_flush(self): deck.move_cards(hand, 7) hand.sort() print(hand) - print(hand.has_flush()) + print(hand.has_straight()) print('') diff --git a/code/Time1.py b/code/Time1.py index 45d57f7..fb7cdef 100644 --- a/code/Time1.py +++ b/code/Time1.py @@ -17,15 +17,21 @@ class Time: attributes: hour, minute, second """ + def print_time(self): + """Prints a string representation of the time. + t: Time object + """ + print('%.2d:%.2d:%.2d' % (self.hour, self.minute, self.second)) -def print_time(t): - """Prints a string representation of the time. - - t: Time object - """ - print('%.2d:%.2d:%.2d' % (t.hour, t.minute, t.second)) + def time_to_int(self): + """Computes the number of seconds since midnight. + time: Time object. + """ + minutes = self.hour * 60 + self.minute + seconds = minutes * 60 + self.second + return seconds def int_to_time(seconds): """Makes a new Time object. @@ -38,14 +44,6 @@ def int_to_time(seconds): return time -def time_to_int(time): - """Computes the number of seconds since midnight. - - time: Time object. - """ - minutes = time.hour * 60 + time.minute - seconds = minutes * 60 + time.second - return seconds def add_times(t1, t2): @@ -56,7 +54,7 @@ def add_times(t1, t2): returns: Time """ assert valid_time(t1) and valid_time(t2) - seconds = time_to_int(t1) + time_to_int(t2) + seconds = t1.time_to_int() + t2.time_to_int() return int_to_time(seconds) @@ -82,18 +80,18 @@ def main(): noon_time.second = 0 print('Starts at', end=' ') - print_time(noon_time) + noon_time.print_time() # and the run time of the movie is 109 minutes... movie_minutes = 109 run_time = int_to_time(movie_minutes * 60) print('Run time', end=' ') - print_time(run_time) + run_time.print_time() # what time does the movie end? end_time = add_times(noon_time, run_time) print('Ends at', end=' ') - print_time(end_time) + end_time.print_time() if __name__ == '__main__': diff --git a/code/Time2_soln.py b/code/Time2_soln.py index 92f8142..7d95a56 100644 --- a/code/Time2_soln.py +++ b/code/Time2_soln.py @@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ def __str__(self): hour, minute = divmod(minutes, 60) return '%.2d:%.2d:%.2d' % (hour, minute, second) + def __lt__(self, other): + return self.seconds < other.seconds + def print_time(self): """Prints a string representation of the time.""" print(str(self)) @@ -109,6 +112,10 @@ def main(): total = sum([t1, t2, t3]) print(total) + print( t1 < t2) + print( t2 < t3) + print( t3 < t1) + if __name__ == '__main__': main() diff --git a/code/analyze_book1.py b/code/analyze_book1.py index b519dd1..c9ed696 100644 --- a/code/analyze_book1.py +++ b/code/analyze_book1.py @@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ def random_word(hist): def main(): - hist = process_file('158-0.txt', skip_header=True) + hist = process_file('../../exersizes/gutenberg/kafka.txt', skip_header=True) print('Total number of words:', total_words(hist)) print('Number of different words:', different_words(hist)) @@ -144,13 +144,6 @@ def main(): for freq, word in t[0:20]: print(word, '\t', freq) - words = process_file('words.txt', skip_header=False) - - diff = subtract(hist, words) - print("The words in the book that aren't in the word list are:") - for word in diff.keys(): - print(word, end=' ') - print("\n\nHere are some random words from the book") for i in range(100): print(random_word(hist), end=' ') diff --git a/code/markovattempt.py b/code/markovattempt.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5042606 --- /dev/null +++ b/code/markovattempt.py @@ -0,0 +1,120 @@ +"""This module contains a code example related to + +Think Python, 2nd Edition +by Allen Downey +http://thinkpython2.com + +Copyright 2015 Allen Downey + +License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ +""" + +from __future__ import print_function, division + +import sys +import string +import random + +class Markov: + def __init__(self): + self.suffix_map = {} # map from prefixes to a list of suffixes + self.prefix = () # current tuple of words + + def process_file(self, filename, order=2): + """Reads a file and performs Markov analysis. + + filename: string + order: integer number of words in the prefix + + returns: map from prefix to list of possible suffixes. + """ + fp = open(filename) + self.skip_gutenberg_header(fp) + + for line in fp: + if line.startswith('*** END OF THIS'): + break + + for word in line.rstrip().split(): + self.process_word(word, order) + + def skip_gutenberg_header(self, fp): + """Reads from fp until it finds the line that ends the header. + + fp: open file object + """ + for line in fp: + if line.startswith('*** START OF THIS'): + break + + + def process_word(self, word, order=2): + """Processes each word. + + word: string + order: integer + + During the first few iterations, all we do is store up the words; + after that we start adding entries to the dictionary. + """ + if len(self.prefix) < order: + self.prefix += (word,) + return + + try: + self.suffix_map[self.prefix].append(word) + except KeyError: + # if there is no entry for this prefix, make one + self.suffix_map[self.prefix] = [word] + + self.prefix = self.shift(self.prefix, word) + + def shift(self, t, word): + """Forms a new tuple by removing the head and adding word to the tail. + + t: tuple of strings + word: string + + Returns: tuple of strings + """ + return t[1:] + (word,) + + def random_text(self, n=100): + """Generates random wordsfrom the analyzed text. + + Starts with a random prefix from the dictionary. + + n: number of words to generate + """ + # choose a random prefix (not weighted by frequency) + start = random.choice(list(self.suffix_map.keys())) + + for i in range(n): + suffixes = self.suffix_map.get(start, None) + if suffixes == None: + # if the start isn't in map, we got to the end of the + # original text, so we have to start again. + self.random_text(n-i) + return + + # choose a random suffix + word = random.choice(suffixes) + print(word, end=' ') + start = self.shift(start, word) + + +def main(script, filename='158-0.txt', n=100, order=2): + try: + n = int(n) + order = int(order) + except ValueError: + print('Usage: %d filename [# of words] [prefix length]' % script) + else: + m = Markov() + m.process_file(filename, order) + m.random_text(n) + print() + + +if __name__ == '__main__': + main(*sys.argv) diff --git a/code/pronouncepuz.py b/code/pronouncepuz.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..27ac179 --- /dev/null +++ b/code/pronouncepuz.py @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +import pronounce + +phonedict = pronounce.read_dictionary() + +def make_triggle(word): + """ Given a word, return the special pair of words + e.g. WRACK becomes RACK and WACK, by removing and then subbing the W + """ + firstletter = word[0] + firstbuzz = word[1:] + twobuzz = firstletter + firstbuzz[1:] + return (word, firstbuzz, twobuzz) + +homodict = pronounce.read_dictionary() + +for ortho, phono in homodict.items(): + triggle = make_triggle(ortho) + if triggle[1] in homodict and triggle[2] in homodict: + pro1 = homodict[triggle[0]] + pro2 = homodict[triggle[1]] + pro3 = homodict[triggle[2]] + if pro1 == pro2 and pro2 == pro3: + print(triggle) + diff --git a/exersizes/Kangaroo.py b/exersizes/Kangaroo.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..924f138 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/Kangaroo.py @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +# For ThinkPython Chapter 17 Exersize 2 + +class Kangaroo(): + def __init__(self): + self.pouch_contents = [] + + def __str__(self): + return "Pouch: " + str(self.pouch_contents) + + def put_in_pouch(self, thing): + self.pouch_contents += [thing] + + +def main(): + kanga = Kangaroo() + roo = Kangaroo() + roo.put_in_pouch('skittle') + kanga.put_in_pouch(roo) + print(kanga) + print(roo) + +if __name__=='__main__': + main() diff --git a/exersizes/Time2.py b/exersizes/Time2.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..40a4a69 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/Time2.py @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ +"""This module contains a code example related to + +Think Python, 2nd Edition +by Allen Downey +http://thinkpython2.com + +Copyright 2015 Allen Downey + +License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ +""" + +from __future__ import print_function, division + + +class Time: + """Represents the time of day. + + attributes: hour, minute, second + """ + def __init__(self, hour=0, minute=0, second=0): + """Initializes a time object. + + seconds: int of seconds since midnight + """ + self.seconds = 0 + self.seconds += hour*60*60 + self.seconds += minute*60 + self.seconds += second + + def __str__(self): + """Returns a string representation of the time.""" + second = self.seconds % 60 + minute = self.seconds % 3600 // 60 + hour = self.seconds // 3600 + return '%.2d:%.2d:%.2d' % (hour, minute, second) + + def print_time(self): + """Prints a string representation of the time.""" + print(str(self)) + + def time_to_int(self): + """Computes the number of seconds since midnight.""" + return self.seconds + + def is_after(self, other): + """Returns True if t1 is after t2; false otherwise.""" + return self.time_to_int() > other.time_to_int() + + def __add__(self, other): + """Adds two Time objects or a Time object and a number. + + other: Time object or number of seconds + """ + if isinstance(other, Time): + return self.add_time(other) + else: + return self.increment(other) + + def __radd__(self, other): + """Adds two Time objects or a Time object and a number.""" + return self.__add__(other) + + def add_time(self, other): + """Adds two time objects.""" + assert self.is_valid() and other.is_valid() + seconds = self.time_to_int() + other.time_to_int() + return int_to_time(seconds) + + def increment(self, seconds): + """Returns a new Time that is the sum of this time and seconds.""" + seconds += self.time_to_int() + return int_to_time(seconds) + + def is_valid(self): + """Checks whether a Time object satisfies the invariants.""" + midnight = 24*60*60 + if self.seconds < 0: + return False + if self.seconds >= midnight: + return False + return True + + +def int_to_time(seconds): + """Makes a new Time object. + + seconds: int seconds since midnight. + """ + minutes, second = divmod(seconds, 60) + hour, minute = divmod(minutes, 60) + time = Time(hour, minute, second) + return time + + +def main(): + start = Time(9, 45, 00) + start.print_time() + + end = start.increment(1337) + #end = start.increment(1337, 460) + end.print_time() + + print('Is end after start?') + print(end.is_after(start)) + + print('Using __str__') + print(start, end) + + start = Time(9, 45) + duration = Time(1, 35) + print(start + duration) + print(start + 1337) + print(1337 + start) + + print('Example of polymorphism') + t1 = Time(7, 43) + t2 = Time(7, 41) + t3 = Time(7, 37) + total = sum([t1, t2, t3]) + print(total) + + +if __name__ == '__main__': + main() diff --git a/exersizes/ack.py b/exersizes/ack.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..fdc2a06 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/ack.py @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +def ack(m, n): + if m == 0: + return n+1 + elif m > 0 and n == 0: + return ack(m-1, 1) + elif m > 0 and n > 0: + return ack(m-1, ack(m, n-1)) + else: + return none + +print(ack(9,10)) diff --git a/exersizes/ana.shelf b/exersizes/ana.shelf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..16d792b Binary files /dev/null and b/exersizes/ana.shelf differ diff --git a/exersizes/anadb.py b/exersizes/anadb.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d9d6b28 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/anadb.py @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +import anagram_sets as anset +import shelve + +def store_anagrams(anadict, savefile): + """ Stores the anagram dictionary in a pickle 'shelf'""" + db = shelve.open(savefile) + for key, grams in anadict.items(): + db[key] = grams + +def read_anagrams(target, readfile): + """ Finds the anagrams for a given word in the db.""" + sig = anset.signature(target) + db = shelve.open(readfile) + anagrams = db[sig] + return anagrams + +if __name__ == "__main__": + shelffile = "ana.shelf" + print(read_anagrams('vile', shelffile)) diff --git a/exersizes/anagram_sets.py b/exersizes/anagram_sets.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3ed09fa --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/anagram_sets.py @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ +"""This module contains a code example related to + +Think Python, 2nd Edition +by Allen Downey +http://thinkpython2.com + +Copyright 2015 Allen Downey + +License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ +""" + +from __future__ import print_function, division + + +def signature(s): + """Returns the signature of this string. + + Signature is a string that contains all of the letters in order. + + s: string + """ + # TODO: rewrite using sorted() + t = list(s) + t.sort() + t = ''.join(t) + return t + + +def all_anagrams(filename): + """Finds all anagrams in a list of words. + + filename: string filename of the word list + + Returns: a map from each word to a list of its anagrams. + """ + d = {} + for line in open(filename): + word = line.strip().lower() + t = signature(word) + + # TODO: rewrite using defaultdict + if t not in d: + d[t] = [word] + else: + d[t].append(word) + return d + + +def print_anagram_sets(d): + """Prints the anagram sets in d. + + d: map from words to list of their anagrams + """ + for v in d.values(): + if len(v) > 1: + print(len(v), v) + + +def print_anagram_sets_in_order(d): + """Prints the anagram sets in d in decreasing order of size. + + d: map from words to list of their anagrams + """ + # make a list of (length, word pairs) + t = [] + for v in d.values(): + if len(v) > 1: + t.append((len(v), v)) + + # sort in ascending order of length + t.sort() + + # print the sorted list + for x in t: + print(x) + + +def filter_length(d, n): + """Select only the words in d that have n letters. + + d: map from word to list of anagrams + n: integer number of letters + + returns: new map from word to list of anagrams + """ + res = {} + for word, anagrams in d.items(): + if len(word) == n: + res[word] = anagrams + return res + + +if __name__ == '__main__': + anagram_map = all_anagrams('words.txt') + print_anagram_sets_in_order(anagram_map) + + eight_letters = filter_length(anagram_map, 8) + print_anagram_sets_in_order(eight_letters) + diff --git a/exersizes/anagrams.py b/exersizes/anagrams.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0e0d3b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/anagrams.py @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +corpuspath = "../code/words.txt" + +def unique_chars(word): + """ Returns a sorted string containing the unique characters""" + ordered = sorted(word) + return "".join(ordered) + +with open(corpuspath) as reader: + lexicon = [] + for line in reader: + stripped = line.strip() + lexicon.append(stripped) + +def test_metathesis(word, anagram): + """ Tests if a word and an anagram are a metathesis pair + This is only true if the words are I. Anagrams II. Differ in two places + """ + count = 0 + for para in zip(word, anagram): + if para[0] != para[1]: + count += 1 + return count == 2 + +anagrams = dict() + +for word in lexicon: + makeup = unique_chars(word) + anagrams.setdefault(makeup, []) + anagrams[makeup].append(word) + + +highscores = [] +for key, value in anagrams.items(): + score = (len(value), value) + highscores.append(score) +highscores.sort(reverse=True) + +print(test_metathesis('conserve', 'converse')) + +for hs in highscores: + for ana in hs[1]: + for gram in hs[1]: + caught_one = test_metathesis(ana,gram) + if caught_one: + print(ana, gram) diff --git a/exersizes/bisect.py b/exersizes/bisect.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b67573f --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/bisect.py @@ -0,0 +1,80 @@ +#import pudb; pu.db + +filepath = "../code/words.txt" + +def in_bisect(space, target, leftindex = 0, rightindex=-1): + if space == []: + return None + if rightindex == -1: + rightindex = len(space)-1 + elif leftindex == rightindex: + if space[0] == target: + return leftindex + else: + return None + midindex = len(space) // 2 # Rounded down. + leftside = space[:midindex] # Not including midindex + rightside = space[midindex:] # including midindex + if target < space[midindex]: + return in_bisect(leftside, target, leftindex, leftindex+len(leftside)-1) + else: + return in_bisect(rightside, target, rightindex-len(rightside)+1, rightindex) + + +def is_reverse_pair(alphaword, betaword): + alphalen = len(alphaword) + betalen = len(betaword) + if alphalen != betalen: + return False + for i in range(alphalen): + if alphaword[i] != betaword[-(i+1)]: + return False + return True + +def unzip(word): + warp = word[0::2] + weft = word[1::2] + return (warp, weft) + +def trizip(word): + warp = word[0::3] + weft = word[1::3] + worl = word[2::3] + return (warp, weft, worl) + + + +if __name__=="__main__": + fullt = [] + for i in range(40): + fullt.append([]) + with open(filepath) as wrdfile: + for line in wrdfile: + stripped = line.strip() + length = len(stripped) + fullt[length].append(stripped) + print(unzip('schooled')) +# for group in fullt: +# for word in group: +# revword = word[::-1] +# if(in_bisect(group, revword) is not None): +# print(word,revword) + for group in fullt: + for word in group: + treble = trizip(word) + warp = treble[0] + weft = treble[1] + worl = treble[2] + warplen = len(warp) + weftlen = len(weft) + worllen = len(worl) + warpspace = fullt[warplen] + weftspace = fullt[weftlen] + worlspace = fullt[worllen] + if ((in_bisect(warpspace, warp) is not None) and + (in_bisect(weftspace, weft) is not None) and + (in_bisect(worlspace, worl) is not None)): + print(warp, end=' ') + print(weft, end=' ') + print(worl, end=' ') + print(word, end='\n') diff --git a/exersizes/caesar.py b/exersizes/caesar.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..60f28b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/caesar.py @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +# ord('a') is 97 +def rotate_word(word): + lowercased = word.lower() + encrypted = "" + for letter in word: + place = ord(letter) % 96 + newplace = (place + 2) % 26 + encrypted = encrypted + chr(97 + newplace) + return encrypted + +print(rotate_word('banana')) +print(rotate_word('abcdefghijklmnopqrstluvwxyz')) diff --git a/exersizes/cartalk2.py b/exersizes/cartalk2.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5275436 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/cartalk2.py @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +def first(word): + """Returns the first character of a string.""" + return word[0] + +def last(word): + """Returns the last of a string.""" + return word[-1] + +def middle(word): + """Returns all but the first and last characters of a string.""" + return word[1:-1] + +def is_palindrome(word): + """Returns True if word is a palindrome.""" + if len(word) <= 1: + return True + if first(word) != last(word): + return False + return is_palindrome(middle(word)) + +if __name__=="__main__": + for n in range(100000, 1000000): + numstring = str(n) + lastfour = numstring[-4:] + lastfive = str(n+1)[-5:] + middlefour = str(n+2)[1:5] + allsix = str(n+3) + flag = True + for stage in (lastfour, lastfive, middlefour, allsix): + if is_palindrome(stage): + continue + else: + flag = False + break + if flag: + print(n) + diff --git a/exersizes/cartalk3.py b/exersizes/cartalk3.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..07e8b5f --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/cartalk3.py @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ +def first(word): + """Returns the first character of a string.""" + return word[0] + +def last(word): + """Returns the last of a string.""" + return word[-1] + +def middle(word): + """Returns all but the first and last characters of a string.""" + return word[1:-1] + +def is_palindrome(word): + """Returns True if word is a palindrome.""" + if len(word) <= 1: + return True + if first(word) != last(word): + return False + return is_palindrome(middle(word)) + +def is_reverse(x,y): + """ If two ages are the reverse of eachother, returns True.""" + stringx = str(x).zfill(2) + stringy = str(y).zfill(2) + if (stringx[0] == stringy[1] and + stringx[1] == stringy[0]): + return True + else: + return False + + +agetuples = [ + (5, 19), + (30, 3), + (81, 18), + (99, 50) + ] +for pair in agetuples: + print(is_reverse(pair[0], pair[1])) + +for gap in range(16, 80): + mom_age = gap + kid_age = 0 + count = 0 + while mom_age < 100: + if is_reverse(mom_age, kid_age): + count += 1 + print(mom_age, kid_age) + mom_age += 1 + if is_reverse(mom_age, kid_age): + count += 1 + print(mom_age, kid_age) + kid_age += 1 + if count >= 8: + print(gap) diff --git a/exersizes/ch3dotwice.py b/exersizes/ch3dotwice.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..eb1371e --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/ch3dotwice.py @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +def dotwice(f,n): + f(n) + f(n) + +def print_spam(): + print('spam') + +dotwice(print_spam) diff --git a/exersizes/ch3justify.py b/exersizes/ch3justify.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8dcc958 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/ch3justify.py @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +# Right justify a string to column 70 of the screen + +def rightjustify(sig): + full_line = "" + num_chars = len(sig) + blank = 70 - num_chars + full_line += " "*blank + sig + pass + print(full_line) + +rightjustify("monty") diff --git a/exersizes/classes/Point1.py b/exersizes/classes/Point1.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a6cead3 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/classes/Point1.py @@ -0,0 +1,142 @@ +"""This module contains a code example related to + +Think Python, 2nd Edition +by Allen Downey +http://thinkpython2.com + +Copyright 2015 Allen Downey + +License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ +""" + +from __future__ import print_function, division +import math + + + +class Point: + """Represents a point in 2-D space. + + attributes: x, y + """ + + +def print_point(p): + """Print a Point object in human-readable format.""" + print('(%g, %g)' % (p.x, p.y)) + + +class Rectangle: + """Represents a rectangle. + + attributes: width, height, corner. + """ + + +def find_center(rect): + """Returns a Point at the center of a Rectangle. + + rect: Rectangle + + returns: new Point + """ + p = Point() + p.x = rect.corner.x + rect.width/2.0 + p.y = rect.corner.y + rect.height/2.0 + return p + + +def grow_rectangle(rect, dwidth, dheight): + """Modifies the Rectangle by adding to its width and height. + + rect: Rectangle object. + dwidth: change in width (can be negative). + dheight: change in height (can be negative). + """ + rect.width += dwidth + rect.height += dheight + +def move_rectangle(rect, dx, dy): + """Modifies the Rectangle by moving its corner. + + rect: Rectangle object. + dx: How many units to shift the corner (right is positive) + dy: How many units to shift the corner (up is positive) + """ + rect.corner.x += dx + rect.corner.y += dy + +def deep_move_rectangle(rect, dx, dy): + """Modifies the Rectangle by moving its corner. + Returns a new, deep copy of the rect. + + rect: Rectangle object. + dx: How many units to shift the corner (right is positive) + dy: How many units to shift the corner (up is positive) + """ + import copy + rect2 = copy.deepcopy(rect) + rect2.corner.x += dx + rect2.corner.y += dy + return rect2 + +def distance_bw_points(alpha, beta): + """Takes two points, alpha and beta, and returns a float according to their + Euclidean distance. + + alpha, beta: Point objects + """ + x1, y1 = alpha.x, alpha.y + x2, y2 = beta.x, beta.y + distance = math.sqrt((x2-x1) ** 2 + (y2-y1)**2) + return distance + +class Circle: + """ Represents a circle in 2D space + + centrepoint: a Point + radius: the radius + """ + +def point_in_circle(pnt, crc): + """ Returns true if and only if the point is in the circle + + pnt: a Point + crc: a Circle + returns: True or False, when the point is in or out. + """ + dist_from_cent = distance_bw_points(pnt, crc.centre) + if dist_from_cent <= crc.radius: + return True + else: + return False + +def rect_in_circle(rect, crc): + """Returns true iff all corners of a rectangle are in a circle. + + crc: a Circle + rect: a Rectangle + + returns: True or False + """ + +def main(): + plato = Circle() + plato.centre = Point() + plato.centre.x = 150 + plato.centre.y = 100 + plato.radius = 75 + + hole = Point() + hole.x = 160 + hole.y = 94 + + hole = Point() + hole.x = 500 + hole.y = 0 + + print(f"The point is in the circle: ", point_in_circle(hole, plato)) + +if __name__ == '__main__': + main() + diff --git a/exersizes/classes/Time1.py b/exersizes/classes/Time1.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b8e8c74 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/classes/Time1.py @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ +"""This module contains a code example related to + +Think Python, 2nd Edition +by Allen Downey +http://thinkpython2.com + +Copyright 2015 Allen Downey + +License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ +""" + +from __future__ import print_function, division + + +class Time: + """Represents the time of day. + + attributes: hour, minute, second + """ + + +def print_time(t): + """Prints a string representation of the time. + + t: Time object + """ + print('%.2d:%.2d:%.2d' % (t.hour, t.minute, t.second)) + + +def int_to_time(seconds): + """Makes a new Time object. + + seconds: int seconds since midnight. + """ + time = Time() + minutes, time.second = divmod(seconds, 60) + time.hour, time.minute = divmod(minutes, 60) + return time + + +def time_to_int(time): + """Computes the number of seconds since midnight. + + time: Time object. + """ + minutes = time.hour * 60 + time.minute + seconds = minutes * 60 + time.second + return seconds + + +def add_times(t1, t2): + """Adds two time objects. + + t1, t2: Time + + returns: Time + """ + assert valid_time(t1) and valid_time(t2) + seconds = time_to_int(t1) + time_to_int(t2) + return int_to_time(seconds) + + +def valid_time(time): + """Checks whether a Time object satisfies the invariants. + + time: Time + + returns: boolean + """ + if time.hour < 0 or time.minute < 0 or time.second < 0: + return False + if time.minute >= 60 or time.second >= 60: + return False + return True + +def is_after(time1, time2): + """Checks whether time2 is after time1 + """ + one = time_to_int(time1) + two = time_to_int(time2) + return two > one + +def increment(time, seconds): + """Modifies the given time by a number of seconds. + """ + secinc = seconds % 60 + mininc = seconds % 3600 + hourinc = seconds // 3600 + time.seconds += secinc + time.minutes += mininc + time.hours += hourinc + return # This func is A modifier + +def main(): + # if a movie starts at noon... + noon_time = Time() + noon_time.hour = 12 + noon_time.minute = 0 + noon_time.second = 0 + + print('Starts at', end=' ') + print_time(noon_time) + + # and the run time of the movie is 109 minutes... + movie_minutes = 109 + run_time = int_to_time(movie_minutes * 60) + print('Run time', end=' ') + print_time(run_time) + + # what time does the movie end? + end_time = add_times(noon_time, run_time) + print('Ends at', end=' ') + print_time(end_time) + + print(is_after(noon_time, end_time)) + + +if __name__ == '__main__': + main() diff --git a/exersizes/classes/timecube.py b/exersizes/classes/timecube.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dfd94c5 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/classes/timecube.py @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +from datetime import datetime +from datetime import date + +def what_weekday(): + today = date.today() + wday = today.weekday() + english = today.strftime('%A') + print(f"Today is {english}") + +def get_user_birthday(): + """Requests user input from stdinput + + returns: a date object + """ + # TODO: Error check input + year = input('What year were you born? >') + month = input('What month were you born? >') + day = input('What day of the month were you born? >') + bdstring = '-'.join([year, month, day]) + bday = datetime.strptime(bdstring, '%Y-%m-%d' ) + return bday + +def user_age(bday): + """Given a user's birthday, prints their age to stdout + bday: a datetime + + returns: void. prints to stdout + """ + today = datetime.today() + age = abs(today - bday) + yearsold = age.days // 365 + return yearsold + +def main(): + what_weekday() + bd = get_user_birthday() + print(user_age(bd)) + pass + +if __name__ == "__main__": + main() diff --git a/exersizes/desert b/exersizes/desert new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ef1b753 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/desert @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +Snow falling and night falling fast, oh, fast +In a field I looked into going past, +And the ground almost covered smooth in snow, +But a few weeds and stubble showing last. + +The woods around it have it - it is theirs. +All animals are smothered in their lairs. +I am too absent-spirited to count; +The loneliness includes me unawares. + +And lonely as it is, that loneliness +Will be more lonely ere it will be less - +A blanker whiteness of benighted snow +With no expression, nothing to express. + +They cannot scare me with their empty spaces +Between stars - on stars where no human race is. +I have it in me so much nearer home +To scare myself with my own desert places. diff --git a/exersizes/dictstuff.py b/exersizes/dictstuff.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e2a58bd --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/dictstuff.py @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +wordspath = "../code/words.txt" + +def store_dict(wordlistfile): + hashable = dict() + with open(wordlistfile) as reader: + count = 0 + for line in reader: + stripped = line.strip() + hashable[stripped] = len(stripped) + count += 1 + if count > 30: + break + return hashable + +def has_dupes(t): + countdict = {} + for elem in t: + countdict.setdefault(elem, 0) + countdict[elem] += 1 + if countdict[elem] > 1: + return True + return False + +def invert_dict(d): + inverse = dict() + for key in d: + val = d[key] + inverse.setdefault(val, []) + inverse[val].append(key) + return inverse + + +containsdupes = 'banana' +nodupes = 'lambo' +print(has_dupes([x**2 for x in range(100)])) diff --git a/exersizes/english.txt b/exersizes/english.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8cd409a --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/english.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +Born in Maida Vale, London, Turing was raised in southern England. He graduated at King's College, Cambridge, with a degree in mathematics. Whilst he was a fellow at Cambridge, he published a proof demonstrating that some purely mathematical yes–no questions can never be answered by computation and defined a Turing machine, and went on to prove the halting problem for Turing machines is undecidable. In 1938, he obtained his PhD from the Department of Mathematics at Princeton University. During the Second World War, Turing worked for the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) at Bletchley Park, Britain's codebreaking centre that produced Ultra intelligence. For a time he led Hut 8, the section that was responsible for German naval cryptanalysis. Here, he devised a number of techniques for speeding the breaking of German ciphers, including improvements to the pre-war Polish bombe method, an electromechanical machine that could find settings for the Enigma machine. Turing played a crucial role in cracking intercepted coded messages that enabled the Allies to defeat the Axis powers in many crucial engagements, including the Battle of the Atlantic.[12][13] + +After the war, Turing worked at the National Physical Laboratory, where he designed the Automatic Computing Engine (ACE), one of the first designs for a stored-program computer. In 1948, Turing joined Max Newman's Computing Machine Laboratory, at the Victoria University of Manchester, where he helped develop the Manchester computers[14] and became interested in mathematical biology. He wrote a paper on the chemical basis of morphogenesis[1] and predicted oscillating chemical reactions such as the Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction, first observed in the 1960s. Despite these accomplishments, he was never fully recognised in his home country during his lifetime because much of his work was covered by the Official Secrets Act.[15] diff --git a/exersizes/epoch.py b/exersizes/epoch.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bdf1801 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/epoch.py @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +import time +rightnow= time.time() + +minute = 60 +hour = minute*60 +day = hour*24 + +days = rightnow // day +hours = (rightnow % day) // hour +minutes = (rightnow % hour) // minute +seconds = 0 + + +print(days,hours,minutes,seconds) diff --git a/exersizes/estimpi.py b/exersizes/estimpi.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a637ea9 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/estimpi.py @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +import math + +frontconstant = 2*math.sqrt(2)/9801 +EPSILON = 1e-15 + +def bang(n): + return math.factorial(n) + +def termk(k): + numerator = bang(4*k)*(1103 + 26390*k) + denominator = bang(k)**4 * 396**(4*k) + return numerator/denominator + + +def estimate(epsilon): + k = 0 + term = 1 + total = 0 + while term > epsilon: + term = termk(k) + total += term + print(f"Total is now {total}") + k += 1 + return frontconstant*total + +print(estimate(EPSILON)) +print(1/math.pi) diff --git a/exersizes/fermat.py b/exersizes/fermat.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1f60122 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/fermat.py @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +# Fermat Checker +def check_fermat(a,b,c,n): + lhs = a**n + b**n + rhs = c**n + if lhs == rhs: + print('Holy Smokes') + else: + print('No, that doesn work') + + +check_fermat(1,2,3,3) + +constants = [] +for letter in ['a', 'b', 'c', 'n']: + prompt = "Enter value for {} ".format(letter) + constants.append(input(prompt)) + + +a, b, c , n = int(constants[0]), int(constants[1]), int(constants[2]), int(constants[3]) +check_fermat(a,b,c,n) diff --git a/exersizes/french.txt b/exersizes/french.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..eceb870 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/french.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +Pour résoudre le problème fondamental de la décidabilité en arithmétiques, il présente en 1936 une expérience de pensée que l'on nommera ensuite machine de Turing et des concepts de programme et de programmation, qui prendront tout leur sens avec la diffusion des ordinateurs, dans la seconde moitié du xxe siècle. Son modèle a contribué à établir la thèse de Church, qui définit le concept mathématique intuitif de fonction calculable. + +Durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, il joue un rôle majeur dans la cryptanalyse de la machine Enigma utilisée par les armées allemandes : l'invention de machines usant de procédés électroniques, les bombes1, fera passer le décryptage à plusieurs milliers de messages par jour. Ce travail secret ne sera connu du public que dans les années 1970. Après la guerre, il travaille sur un des tout premiers ordinateurs, puis contribue au débat sur la possibilité de l'intelligence artificielle, en proposant le test de Turing. Vers la fin de sa vie, il s'intéresse à des modèles de morphogenèse du vivant conduisant aux « structures de Turing ». + +Poursuivi en justice en 1952 pour homosexualité, il choisit, pour éviter la prison, la castration chimique par prise d'œstrogènes. Il est retrouvé mort par empoisonnement au cyanure le 8 juin 1954 dans la chambre de sa maison à Wilmslow. La reine Élisabeth II le reconnaît comme héros de guerre et le gracie à titre posthume en 2013. diff --git a/exersizes/gcd.py b/exersizes/gcd.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d9e8765 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/gcd.py @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +def gcd(a,b): + if b == 0: + return a + remainder = a % b + return gcd(b, remainder) + +a = 60 +b = 120 +print(gcd(a,b)) diff --git a/exersizes/german.txt b/exersizes/german.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2e54966 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/german.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +Das von ihm entwickelte Berechenbarkeitsmodell der Turingmaschine bildet eines der Fundamente der Theoretischen Informatik. Während des Zweiten Weltkrieges war er maßgeblich an der Entzifferung der mit der deutschen Rotor-Chiffriermaschine Enigma verschlüsselten deutschen Funksprüche beteiligt. Der Großteil seiner Arbeiten blieb auch nach Kriegsende unter Verschluss. + +Turing entwickelte 1953 eines der ersten Schachprogramme, dessen Berechnungen er mangels Hardware selbst vornahm. Nach ihm benannt sind der Turing Award, die bedeutendste Auszeichnung in der Informatik, sowie der Turing-Test zum Überprüfen des Vorhandenseins von künstlicher Intelligenz.[4] + +Im März 1952 wurde Turing wegen seiner Homosexualität, die damals noch als Straftat verfolgt wurde, zur chemischen Kastration verurteilt.[5][6] Turing erkrankte in Folge der Hormonbehandlung an einer Depression und starb etwa zwei Jahre später durch Suizid. Im Jahr 2009 sprach der damalige britische Premierminister Gordon Brown eine offizielle Entschuldigung im Namen der Regierung für die „entsetzliche Behandlung“ Turings aus und würdigte dessen „außerordentliche Verdienste“ während des Krieges; eine Begnadigung wurde aber noch 2011 trotz einer Petition abgelehnt. Am Weihnachtsabend, dem 24. Dezember 2013, sprach Königin Elisabeth II. postum ein „Royal Pardon“ (Königliche Begnadigung) aus diff --git a/exersizes/greengold b/exersizes/greengold new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0420126 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/greengold @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +Nature's first green is gold, +her hardest hue to hold. +Her early leaf's a flower, +but only so an hour. + +Then leaf subsides to leaf. +As Eden sank to grief, +so dawn goes down to day +Nothing gold can stay. diff --git a/exersizes/greengreen b/exersizes/greengreen new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9c1e4a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/greengreen @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +Nature's first green is green, +her hardest hue to hold. +Her early leaf's a flower, +but only so an hour. + +Then leaf subsides to leaf. +As Eden sank to grief, +so dawn goes down to day +Nothing green can stay. diff --git a/exersizes/grid.py b/exersizes/grid.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6d347b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/grid.py @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +bar = " - - - - " +width = len(bar) + +def beam(): + beam = '+' + bar + '+' + bar + '+' + print(beam) + +def blank(): + blank = '|' + ' '*width + '|' + ' '*width + '|' + print(blank) + print(blank) + print(blank) + print(blank) + +beam() +blank() +beam() +blank() +beam() diff --git a/exersizes/gutenberg/grimm.txt b/exersizes/gutenberg/grimm.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a19768e --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/gutenberg/grimm.txt @@ -0,0 +1,9612 @@ +The Project Gutenberg eBook of Grimms’ Fairy Tales, by Jacob Grimm and Wilhelm Grimm + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and +most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions +whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms +of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at +www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you +will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before +using this eBook. + +Title: Grimms’ Fairy Tales + +Author: Jacob Grimm and Wilhelm Grimm + +Translators: Edgar Taylor and Marian Edwardes + +Release Date: April, 2001 [eBook #2591] +[Most recently updated: June 28, 2021] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 + +Produced by: Emma Dudding, John Bickers, Dagny and David Widger + +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GRIMMS’ FAIRY TALES *** + + + + +Grimms’ Fairy Tales + +By Jacob Grimm and Wilhelm Grimm + + + +PREPARER’S NOTE + + The text is based on translations from + the Grimms’ Kinder und Hausmärchen by + Edgar Taylor and Marian Edwardes. + + + + +CONTENTS: + + THE GOLDEN BIRD + HANS IN LUCK + JORINDA AND JORINDEL + THE TRAVELLING MUSICIANS + OLD SULTAN + THE STRAW, THE COAL, AND THE BEAN + BRIAR ROSE + THE DOG AND THE SPARROW + THE TWELVE DANCING PRINCESSES + THE FISHERMAN AND HIS WIFE + THE WILLOW-WREN AND THE BEAR + THE FROG-PRINCE + CAT AND MOUSE IN PARTNERSHIP + THE GOOSE-GIRL + THE ADVENTURES OF CHANTICLEER AND PARTLET + 1. HOW THEY WENT TO THE MOUNTAINS TO EAT NUTS + 2. HOW CHANTICLEER AND PARTLET WENT TO VISIT MR KORBES + RAPUNZEL + FUNDEVOGEL + THE VALIANT LITTLE TAILOR + HANSEL AND GRETEL + THE MOUSE, THE BIRD, AND THE SAUSAGE + MOTHER HOLLE + LITTLE RED-CAP [LITTLE RED RIDING HOOD] + THE ROBBER BRIDEGROOM + TOM THUMB + RUMPELSTILTSKIN + CLEVER GRETEL + THE OLD MAN AND HIS GRANDSON + THE LITTLE PEASANT + FREDERICK AND CATHERINE + SWEETHEART ROLAND + SNOWDROP + THE PINK + CLEVER ELSIE + THE MISER IN THE BUSH + ASHPUTTEL + THE WHITE SNAKE + THE WOLF AND THE SEVEN LITTLE KIDS + THE QUEEN BEE + THE ELVES AND THE SHOEMAKER + THE JUNIPER-TREE + the juniper-tree. + THE TURNIP + CLEVER HANS + THE THREE LANGUAGES + THE FOX AND THE CAT + THE FOUR CLEVER BROTHERS + LILY AND THE LION + THE FOX AND THE HORSE + THE BLUE LIGHT + THE RAVEN + THE GOLDEN GOOSE + THE WATER OF LIFE + THE TWELVE HUNTSMEN + THE KING OF THE GOLDEN MOUNTAIN + DOCTOR KNOWALL + THE SEVEN RAVENS + THE WEDDING OF MRS FOX + FIRST STORY + SECOND STORY + THE SALAD + THE STORY OF THE YOUTH WHO WENT FORTH TO LEARN WHAT FEAR WAS + KING GRISLY-BEARD + IRON HANS + CAT-SKIN + SNOW-WHITE AND ROSE-RED + + + + +THE BROTHERS GRIMM FAIRY TALES + + + + +THE GOLDEN BIRD + + +A certain king had a beautiful garden, and in the garden stood a tree +which bore golden apples. These apples were always counted, and about +the time when they began to grow ripe it was found that every night one +of them was gone. The king became very angry at this, and ordered the +gardener to keep watch all night under the tree. The gardener set his +eldest son to watch; but about twelve o’clock he fell asleep, and in +the morning another of the apples was missing. Then the second son was +ordered to watch; and at midnight he too fell asleep, and in the morning +another apple was gone. Then the third son offered to keep watch; but +the gardener at first would not let him, for fear some harm should come +to him: however, at last he consented, and the young man laid himself +under the tree to watch. As the clock struck twelve he heard a rustling +noise in the air, and a bird came flying that was of pure gold; and as +it was snapping at one of the apples with its beak, the gardener’s son +jumped up and shot an arrow at it. But the arrow did the bird no harm; +only it dropped a golden feather from its tail, and then flew away. +The golden feather was brought to the king in the morning, and all the +council was called together. Everyone agreed that it was worth more than +all the wealth of the kingdom: but the king said, ‘One feather is of no +use to me, I must have the whole bird.’ + +Then the gardener’s eldest son set out and thought to find the golden +bird very easily; and when he had gone but a little way, he came to a +wood, and by the side of the wood he saw a fox sitting; so he took his +bow and made ready to shoot at it. Then the fox said, ‘Do not shoot me, +for I will give you good counsel; I know what your business is, and +that you want to find the golden bird. You will reach a village in the +evening; and when you get there, you will see two inns opposite to each +other, one of which is very pleasant and beautiful to look at: go not in +there, but rest for the night in the other, though it may appear to you +to be very poor and mean.’ But the son thought to himself, ‘What can +such a beast as this know about the matter?’ So he shot his arrow at +the fox; but he missed it, and it set up its tail above its back and +ran into the wood. Then he went his way, and in the evening came to +the village where the two inns were; and in one of these were people +singing, and dancing, and feasting; but the other looked very dirty, +and poor. ‘I should be very silly,’ said he, ‘if I went to that shabby +house, and left this charming place’; so he went into the smart house, +and ate and drank at his ease, and forgot the bird, and his country too. + +Time passed on; and as the eldest son did not come back, and no tidings +were heard of him, the second son set out, and the same thing happened +to him. He met the fox, who gave him the good advice: but when he came +to the two inns, his eldest brother was standing at the window where +the merrymaking was, and called to him to come in; and he could not +withstand the temptation, but went in, and forgot the golden bird and +his country in the same manner. + +Time passed on again, and the youngest son too wished to set out into +the wide world to seek for the golden bird; but his father would not +listen to it for a long while, for he was very fond of his son, and +was afraid that some ill luck might happen to him also, and prevent his +coming back. However, at last it was agreed he should go, for he would +not rest at home; and as he came to the wood, he met the fox, and heard +the same good counsel. But he was thankful to the fox, and did not +attempt his life as his brothers had done; so the fox said, ‘Sit upon my +tail, and you will travel faster.’ So he sat down, and the fox began to +run, and away they went over stock and stone so quick that their hair +whistled in the wind. + +When they came to the village, the son followed the fox’s counsel, and +without looking about him went to the shabby inn and rested there all +night at his ease. In the morning came the fox again and met him as he +was beginning his journey, and said, ‘Go straight forward, till you come +to a castle, before which lie a whole troop of soldiers fast asleep and +snoring: take no notice of them, but go into the castle and pass on and +on till you come to a room, where the golden bird sits in a wooden cage; +close by it stands a beautiful golden cage; but do not try to take the +bird out of the shabby cage and put it into the handsome one, otherwise +you will repent it.’ Then the fox stretched out his tail again, and the +young man sat himself down, and away they went over stock and stone till +their hair whistled in the wind. + +Before the castle gate all was as the fox had said: so the son went in +and found the chamber where the golden bird hung in a wooden cage, and +below stood the golden cage, and the three golden apples that had been +lost were lying close by it. Then thought he to himself, ‘It will be a +very droll thing to bring away such a fine bird in this shabby cage’; so +he opened the door and took hold of it and put it into the golden cage. +But the bird set up such a loud scream that all the soldiers awoke, and +they took him prisoner and carried him before the king. The next morning +the court sat to judge him; and when all was heard, it sentenced him to +die, unless he should bring the king the golden horse which could run as +swiftly as the wind; and if he did this, he was to have the golden bird +given him for his own. + +So he set out once more on his journey, sighing, and in great despair, +when on a sudden his friend the fox met him, and said, ‘You see now +what has happened on account of your not listening to my counsel. I will +still, however, tell you how to find the golden horse, if you will do as +I bid you. You must go straight on till you come to the castle where the +horse stands in his stall: by his side will lie the groom fast asleep +and snoring: take away the horse quietly, but be sure to put the old +leathern saddle upon him, and not the golden one that is close by it.’ +Then the son sat down on the fox’s tail, and away they went over stock +and stone till their hair whistled in the wind. + +All went right, and the groom lay snoring with his hand upon the golden +saddle. But when the son looked at the horse, he thought it a great pity +to put the leathern saddle upon it. ‘I will give him the good one,’ +said he; ‘I am sure he deserves it.’ As he took up the golden saddle the +groom awoke and cried out so loud, that all the guards ran in and took +him prisoner, and in the morning he was again brought before the court +to be judged, and was sentenced to die. But it was agreed, that, if he +could bring thither the beautiful princess, he should live, and have the +bird and the horse given him for his own. + +Then he went his way very sorrowful; but the old fox came and said, ‘Why +did not you listen to me? If you had, you would have carried away +both the bird and the horse; yet will I once more give you counsel. Go +straight on, and in the evening you will arrive at a castle. At twelve +o’clock at night the princess goes to the bathing-house: go up to her +and give her a kiss, and she will let you lead her away; but take care +you do not suffer her to go and take leave of her father and mother.’ +Then the fox stretched out his tail, and so away they went over stock +and stone till their hair whistled again. + +As they came to the castle, all was as the fox had said, and at twelve +o’clock the young man met the princess going to the bath and gave her the +kiss, and she agreed to run away with him, but begged with many tears +that he would let her take leave of her father. At first he refused, +but she wept still more and more, and fell at his feet, till at last +he consented; but the moment she came to her father’s house the guards +awoke and he was taken prisoner again. + +Then he was brought before the king, and the king said, ‘You shall never +have my daughter unless in eight days you dig away the hill that stops +the view from my window.’ Now this hill was so big that the whole world +could not take it away: and when he had worked for seven days, and had +done very little, the fox came and said. ‘Lie down and go to sleep; I +will work for you.’ And in the morning he awoke and the hill was gone; +so he went merrily to the king, and told him that now that it was +removed he must give him the princess. + +Then the king was obliged to keep his word, and away went the young man +and the princess; and the fox came and said to him, ‘We will have all +three, the princess, the horse, and the bird.’ ‘Ah!’ said the young man, +‘that would be a great thing, but how can you contrive it?’ + +‘If you will only listen,’ said the fox, ‘it can be done. When you come +to the king, and he asks for the beautiful princess, you must say, “Here +she is!” Then he will be very joyful; and you will mount the golden +horse that they are to give you, and put out your hand to take leave of +them; but shake hands with the princess last. Then lift her quickly on +to the horse behind you; clap your spurs to his side, and gallop away as +fast as you can.’ + +All went right: then the fox said, ‘When you come to the castle where +the bird is, I will stay with the princess at the door, and you will +ride in and speak to the king; and when he sees that it is the right +horse, he will bring out the bird; but you must sit still, and say that +you want to look at it, to see whether it is the true golden bird; and +when you get it into your hand, ride away.’ + +This, too, happened as the fox said; they carried off the bird, the +princess mounted again, and they rode on to a great wood. Then the fox +came, and said, ‘Pray kill me, and cut off my head and my feet.’ But the +young man refused to do it: so the fox said, ‘I will at any rate give +you good counsel: beware of two things; ransom no one from the gallows, +and sit down by the side of no river.’ Then away he went. ‘Well,’ +thought the young man, ‘it is no hard matter to keep that advice.’ + +He rode on with the princess, till at last he came to the village where +he had left his two brothers. And there he heard a great noise and +uproar; and when he asked what was the matter, the people said, ‘Two men +are going to be hanged.’ As he came nearer, he saw that the two men were +his brothers, who had turned robbers; so he said, ‘Cannot they in any +way be saved?’ But the people said ‘No,’ unless he would bestow all his +money upon the rascals and buy their liberty. Then he did not stay to +think about the matter, but paid what was asked, and his brothers were +given up, and went on with him towards their home. + +And as they came to the wood where the fox first met them, it was so +cool and pleasant that the two brothers said, ‘Let us sit down by the +side of the river, and rest a while, to eat and drink.’ So he said, +‘Yes,’ and forgot the fox’s counsel, and sat down on the side of the +river; and while he suspected nothing, they came behind, and threw him +down the bank, and took the princess, the horse, and the bird, and went +home to the king their master, and said. ‘All this have we won by our +labour.’ Then there was great rejoicing made; but the horse would not +eat, the bird would not sing, and the princess wept. + +The youngest son fell to the bottom of the river’s bed: luckily it was +nearly dry, but his bones were almost broken, and the bank was so steep +that he could find no way to get out. Then the old fox came once more, +and scolded him for not following his advice; otherwise no evil would +have befallen him: ‘Yet,’ said he, ‘I cannot leave you here, so lay hold +of my tail and hold fast.’ Then he pulled him out of the river, and said +to him, as he got upon the bank, ‘Your brothers have set watch to kill +you, if they find you in the kingdom.’ So he dressed himself as a poor +man, and came secretly to the king’s court, and was scarcely within the +doors when the horse began to eat, and the bird to sing, and the princess +left off weeping. Then he went to the king, and told him all his +brothers’ roguery; and they were seized and punished, and he had the +princess given to him again; and after the king’s death he was heir to +his kingdom. + +A long while after, he went to walk one day in the wood, and the old fox +met him, and besought him with tears in his eyes to kill him, and cut +off his head and feet. And at last he did so, and in a moment the +fox was changed into a man, and turned out to be the brother of the +princess, who had been lost a great many many years. + + + + +HANS IN LUCK + + +Some men are born to good luck: all they do or try to do comes +right--all that falls to them is so much gain--all their geese are +swans--all their cards are trumps--toss them which way you will, they +will always, like poor puss, alight upon their legs, and only move on so +much the faster. The world may very likely not always think of them as +they think of themselves, but what care they for the world? what can it +know about the matter? + +One of these lucky beings was neighbour Hans. Seven long years he had +worked hard for his master. At last he said, ‘Master, my time is up; I +must go home and see my poor mother once more: so pray pay me my wages +and let me go.’ And the master said, ‘You have been a faithful and good +servant, Hans, so your pay shall be handsome.’ Then he gave him a lump +of silver as big as his head. + +Hans took out his pocket-handkerchief, put the piece of silver into it, +threw it over his shoulder, and jogged off on his road homewards. As he +went lazily on, dragging one foot after another, a man came in sight, +trotting gaily along on a capital horse. ‘Ah!’ said Hans aloud, ‘what a +fine thing it is to ride on horseback! There he sits as easy and happy +as if he was at home, in the chair by his fireside; he trips against no +stones, saves shoe-leather, and gets on he hardly knows how.’ Hans did +not speak so softly but the horseman heard it all, and said, ‘Well, +friend, why do you go on foot then?’ ‘Ah!’ said he, ‘I have this load to +carry: to be sure it is silver, but it is so heavy that I can’t hold up +my head, and you must know it hurts my shoulder sadly.’ ‘What do you say +of making an exchange?’ said the horseman. ‘I will give you my horse, +and you shall give me the silver; which will save you a great deal of +trouble in carrying such a heavy load about with you.’ ‘With all my +heart,’ said Hans: ‘but as you are so kind to me, I must tell you one +thing--you will have a weary task to draw that silver about with you.’ +However, the horseman got off, took the silver, helped Hans up, gave him +the bridle into one hand and the whip into the other, and said, ‘When +you want to go very fast, smack your lips loudly together, and cry +“Jip!”’ + +Hans was delighted as he sat on the horse, drew himself up, squared his +elbows, turned out his toes, cracked his whip, and rode merrily off, one +minute whistling a merry tune, and another singing, + + ‘No care and no sorrow, + A fig for the morrow! + We’ll laugh and be merry, + Sing neigh down derry!’ + +After a time he thought he should like to go a little faster, so he +smacked his lips and cried ‘Jip!’ Away went the horse full gallop; and +before Hans knew what he was about, he was thrown off, and lay on his +back by the road-side. His horse would have ran off, if a shepherd who +was coming by, driving a cow, had not stopped it. Hans soon came to +himself, and got upon his legs again, sadly vexed, and said to the +shepherd, ‘This riding is no joke, when a man has the luck to get upon +a beast like this that stumbles and flings him off as if it would break +his neck. However, I’m off now once for all: I like your cow now a great +deal better than this smart beast that played me this trick, and has +spoiled my best coat, you see, in this puddle; which, by the by, smells +not very like a nosegay. One can walk along at one’s leisure behind that +cow--keep good company, and have milk, butter, and cheese, every day, +into the bargain. What would I give to have such a prize!’ ‘Well,’ said +the shepherd, ‘if you are so fond of her, I will change my cow for your +horse; I like to do good to my neighbours, even though I lose by it +myself.’ ‘Done!’ said Hans, merrily. ‘What a noble heart that good man +has!’ thought he. Then the shepherd jumped upon the horse, wished Hans +and the cow good morning, and away he rode. + +Hans brushed his coat, wiped his face and hands, rested a while, and +then drove off his cow quietly, and thought his bargain a very lucky +one. ‘If I have only a piece of bread (and I certainly shall always be +able to get that), I can, whenever I like, eat my butter and cheese with +it; and when I am thirsty I can milk my cow and drink the milk: and what +can I wish for more?’ When he came to an inn, he halted, ate up all his +bread, and gave away his last penny for a glass of beer. When he had +rested himself he set off again, driving his cow towards his mother’s +village. But the heat grew greater as soon as noon came on, till at +last, as he found himself on a wide heath that would take him more than +an hour to cross, he began to be so hot and parched that his tongue +clave to the roof of his mouth. ‘I can find a cure for this,’ thought +he; ‘now I will milk my cow and quench my thirst’: so he tied her to the +stump of a tree, and held his leathern cap to milk into; but not a drop +was to be had. Who would have thought that this cow, which was to bring +him milk and butter and cheese, was all that time utterly dry? Hans had +not thought of looking to that. + +While he was trying his luck in milking, and managing the matter very +clumsily, the uneasy beast began to think him very troublesome; and at +last gave him such a kick on the head as knocked him down; and there he +lay a long while senseless. Luckily a butcher soon came by, driving a +pig in a wheelbarrow. ‘What is the matter with you, my man?’ said the +butcher, as he helped him up. Hans told him what had happened, how he +was dry, and wanted to milk his cow, but found the cow was dry too. Then +the butcher gave him a flask of ale, saying, ‘There, drink and refresh +yourself; your cow will give you no milk: don’t you see she is an old +beast, good for nothing but the slaughter-house?’ ‘Alas, alas!’ said +Hans, ‘who would have thought it? What a shame to take my horse, and +give me only a dry cow! If I kill her, what will she be good for? I hate +cow-beef; it is not tender enough for me. If it were a pig now--like +that fat gentleman you are driving along at his ease--one could do +something with it; it would at any rate make sausages.’ ‘Well,’ said +the butcher, ‘I don’t like to say no, when one is asked to do a kind, +neighbourly thing. To please you I will change, and give you my fine fat +pig for the cow.’ ‘Heaven reward you for your kindness and self-denial!’ +said Hans, as he gave the butcher the cow; and taking the pig off the +wheel-barrow, drove it away, holding it by the string that was tied to +its leg. + +So on he jogged, and all seemed now to go right with him: he had met +with some misfortunes, to be sure; but he was now well repaid for all. +How could it be otherwise with such a travelling companion as he had at +last got? + +The next man he met was a countryman carrying a fine white goose. The +countryman stopped to ask what was o’clock; this led to further chat; +and Hans told him all his luck, how he had so many good bargains, and +how all the world went gay and smiling with him. The countryman then +began to tell his tale, and said he was going to take the goose to a +christening. ‘Feel,’ said he, ‘how heavy it is, and yet it is only eight +weeks old. Whoever roasts and eats it will find plenty of fat upon it, +it has lived so well!’ ‘You’re right,’ said Hans, as he weighed it in +his hand; ‘but if you talk of fat, my pig is no trifle.’ Meantime the +countryman began to look grave, and shook his head. ‘Hark ye!’ said he, +‘my worthy friend, you seem a good sort of fellow, so I can’t help doing +you a kind turn. Your pig may get you into a scrape. In the village I +just came from, the squire has had a pig stolen out of his sty. I was +dreadfully afraid when I saw you that you had got the squire’s pig. If +you have, and they catch you, it will be a bad job for you. The least +they will do will be to throw you into the horse-pond. Can you swim?’ + +Poor Hans was sadly frightened. ‘Good man,’ cried he, ‘pray get me out +of this scrape. I know nothing of where the pig was either bred or born; +but he may have been the squire’s for aught I can tell: you know this +country better than I do, take my pig and give me the goose.’ ‘I ought +to have something into the bargain,’ said the countryman; ‘give a fat +goose for a pig, indeed! ‘Tis not everyone would do so much for you as +that. However, I will not be hard upon you, as you are in trouble.’ Then +he took the string in his hand, and drove off the pig by a side path; +while Hans went on the way homewards free from care. ‘After all,’ +thought he, ‘that chap is pretty well taken in. I don’t care whose pig +it is, but wherever it came from it has been a very good friend to me. I +have much the best of the bargain. First there will be a capital roast; +then the fat will find me in goose-grease for six months; and then there +are all the beautiful white feathers. I will put them into my pillow, +and then I am sure I shall sleep soundly without rocking. How happy my +mother will be! Talk of a pig, indeed! Give me a fine fat goose.’ + +As he came to the next village, he saw a scissor-grinder with his wheel, +working and singing, + + ‘O’er hill and o’er dale + So happy I roam, + Work light and live well, + All the world is my home; + Then who so blythe, so merry as I?’ + +Hans stood looking on for a while, and at last said, ‘You must be well +off, master grinder! you seem so happy at your work.’ ‘Yes,’ said the +other, ‘mine is a golden trade; a good grinder never puts his hand +into his pocket without finding money in it--but where did you get that +beautiful goose?’ ‘I did not buy it, I gave a pig for it.’ ‘And where +did you get the pig?’ ‘I gave a cow for it.’ ‘And the cow?’ ‘I gave a +horse for it.’ ‘And the horse?’ ‘I gave a lump of silver as big as my +head for it.’ ‘And the silver?’ ‘Oh! I worked hard for that seven long +years.’ ‘You have thriven well in the world hitherto,’ said the grinder, +‘now if you could find money in your pocket whenever you put your hand +in it, your fortune would be made.’ ‘Very true: but how is that to be +managed?’ ‘How? Why, you must turn grinder like myself,’ said the other; +‘you only want a grindstone; the rest will come of itself. Here is one +that is but little the worse for wear: I would not ask more than the +value of your goose for it--will you buy?’ ‘How can you ask?’ said +Hans; ‘I should be the happiest man in the world, if I could have money +whenever I put my hand in my pocket: what could I want more? there’s +the goose.’ ‘Now,’ said the grinder, as he gave him a common rough stone +that lay by his side, ‘this is a most capital stone; do but work it well +enough, and you can make an old nail cut with it.’ + +Hans took the stone, and went his way with a light heart: his eyes +sparkled for joy, and he said to himself, ‘Surely I must have been born +in a lucky hour; everything I could want or wish for comes of itself. +People are so kind; they seem really to think I do them a favour in +letting them make me rich, and giving me good bargains.’ + +Meantime he began to be tired, and hungry too, for he had given away his +last penny in his joy at getting the cow. + +At last he could go no farther, for the stone tired him sadly: and he +dragged himself to the side of a river, that he might take a drink of +water, and rest a while. So he laid the stone carefully by his side on +the bank: but, as he stooped down to drink, he forgot it, pushed it a +little, and down it rolled, plump into the stream. + +For a while he watched it sinking in the deep clear water; then sprang +up and danced for joy, and again fell upon his knees and thanked Heaven, +with tears in his eyes, for its kindness in taking away his only plague, +the ugly heavy stone. + +‘How happy am I!’ cried he; ‘nobody was ever so lucky as I.’ Then up he +got with a light heart, free from all his troubles, and walked on till +he reached his mother’s house, and told her how very easy the road to +good luck was. + + + + +JORINDA AND JORINDEL + + +There was once an old castle, that stood in the middle of a deep gloomy +wood, and in the castle lived an old fairy. Now this fairy could take +any shape she pleased. All the day long she flew about in the form of +an owl, or crept about the country like a cat; but at night she always +became an old woman again. When any young man came within a hundred +paces of her castle, he became quite fixed, and could not move a step +till she came and set him free; which she would not do till he had given +her his word never to come there again: but when any pretty maiden came +within that space she was changed into a bird, and the fairy put her +into a cage, and hung her up in a chamber in the castle. There were +seven hundred of these cages hanging in the castle, and all with +beautiful birds in them. + +Now there was once a maiden whose name was Jorinda. She was prettier +than all the pretty girls that ever were seen before, and a shepherd +lad, whose name was Jorindel, was very fond of her, and they were soon +to be married. One day they went to walk in the wood, that they might be +alone; and Jorindel said, ‘We must take care that we don’t go too near +to the fairy’s castle.’ It was a beautiful evening; the last rays of the +setting sun shone bright through the long stems of the trees upon +the green underwood beneath, and the turtle-doves sang from the tall +birches. + +Jorinda sat down to gaze upon the sun; Jorindel sat by her side; and +both felt sad, they knew not why; but it seemed as if they were to be +parted from one another for ever. They had wandered a long way; and when +they looked to see which way they should go home, they found themselves +at a loss to know what path to take. + +The sun was setting fast, and already half of its circle had sunk behind +the hill: Jorindel on a sudden looked behind him, and saw through the +bushes that they had, without knowing it, sat down close under the old +walls of the castle. Then he shrank for fear, turned pale, and trembled. +Jorinda was just singing, + + ‘The ring-dove sang from the willow spray, + Well-a-day! Well-a-day! + He mourn’d for the fate of his darling mate, + Well-a-day!’ + +when her song stopped suddenly. Jorindel turned to see the reason, and +beheld his Jorinda changed into a nightingale, so that her song ended +with a mournful _jug, jug_. An owl with fiery eyes flew three times +round them, and three times screamed: + + ‘Tu whu! Tu whu! Tu whu!’ + +Jorindel could not move; he stood fixed as a stone, and could neither +weep, nor speak, nor stir hand or foot. And now the sun went quite down; +the gloomy night came; the owl flew into a bush; and a moment after the +old fairy came forth pale and meagre, with staring eyes, and a nose and +chin that almost met one another. + +She mumbled something to herself, seized the nightingale, and went away +with it in her hand. Poor Jorindel saw the nightingale was gone--but +what could he do? He could not speak, he could not move from the spot +where he stood. At last the fairy came back and sang with a hoarse +voice: + + ‘Till the prisoner is fast, + And her doom is cast, + There stay! Oh, stay! + When the charm is around her, + And the spell has bound her, + Hie away! away!’ + +On a sudden Jorindel found himself free. Then he fell on his knees +before the fairy, and prayed her to give him back his dear Jorinda: but +she laughed at him, and said he should never see her again; then she +went her way. + +He prayed, he wept, he sorrowed, but all in vain. ‘Alas!’ he said, ‘what +will become of me?’ He could not go back to his own home, so he went to +a strange village, and employed himself in keeping sheep. Many a time +did he walk round and round as near to the hated castle as he dared go, +but all in vain; he heard or saw nothing of Jorinda. + +At last he dreamt one night that he found a beautiful purple flower, +and that in the middle of it lay a costly pearl; and he dreamt that he +plucked the flower, and went with it in his hand into the castle, and +that everything he touched with it was disenchanted, and that there he +found his Jorinda again. + +In the morning when he awoke, he began to search over hill and dale for +this pretty flower; and eight long days he sought for it in vain: but +on the ninth day, early in the morning, he found the beautiful purple +flower; and in the middle of it was a large dewdrop, as big as a costly +pearl. Then he plucked the flower, and set out and travelled day and +night, till he came again to the castle. + +He walked nearer than a hundred paces to it, and yet he did not become +fixed as before, but found that he could go quite close up to the door. +Jorindel was very glad indeed to see this. Then he touched the door with +the flower, and it sprang open; so that he went in through the court, +and listened when he heard so many birds singing. At last he came to the +chamber where the fairy sat, with the seven hundred birds singing in +the seven hundred cages. When she saw Jorindel she was very angry, and +screamed with rage; but she could not come within two yards of him, for +the flower he held in his hand was his safeguard. He looked around at +the birds, but alas! there were many, many nightingales, and how then +should he find out which was his Jorinda? While he was thinking what to +do, he saw the fairy had taken down one of the cages, and was making the +best of her way off through the door. He ran or flew after her, touched +the cage with the flower, and Jorinda stood before him, and threw her +arms round his neck looking as beautiful as ever, as beautiful as when +they walked together in the wood. + +Then he touched all the other birds with the flower, so that they all +took their old forms again; and he took Jorinda home, where they were +married, and lived happily together many years: and so did a good many +other lads, whose maidens had been forced to sing in the old fairy’s +cages by themselves, much longer than they liked. + + + + +THE TRAVELLING MUSICIANS + + +An honest farmer had once an ass that had been a faithful servant to him +a great many years, but was now growing old and every day more and more +unfit for work. His master therefore was tired of keeping him and +began to think of putting an end to him; but the ass, who saw that some +mischief was in the wind, took himself slyly off, and began his journey +towards the great city, ‘For there,’ thought he, ‘I may turn musician.’ + +After he had travelled a little way, he spied a dog lying by the +roadside and panting as if he were tired. ‘What makes you pant so, my +friend?’ said the ass. ‘Alas!’ said the dog, ‘my master was going to +knock me on the head, because I am old and weak, and can no longer make +myself useful to him in hunting; so I ran away; but what can I do to +earn my livelihood?’ ‘Hark ye!’ said the ass, ‘I am going to the great +city to turn musician: suppose you go with me, and try what you can +do in the same way?’ The dog said he was willing, and they jogged on +together. + +They had not gone far before they saw a cat sitting in the middle of the +road and making a most rueful face. ‘Pray, my good lady,’ said the ass, +‘what’s the matter with you? You look quite out of spirits!’ ‘Ah, me!’ +said the cat, ‘how can one be in good spirits when one’s life is in +danger? Because I am beginning to grow old, and had rather lie at my +ease by the fire than run about the house after the mice, my mistress +laid hold of me, and was going to drown me; and though I have been lucky +enough to get away from her, I do not know what I am to live upon.’ +‘Oh,’ said the ass, ‘by all means go with us to the great city; you are +a good night singer, and may make your fortune as a musician.’ The cat +was pleased with the thought, and joined the party. + +Soon afterwards, as they were passing by a farmyard, they saw a cock +perched upon a gate, and screaming out with all his might and main. +‘Bravo!’ said the ass; ‘upon my word, you make a famous noise; pray what +is all this about?’ ‘Why,’ said the cock, ‘I was just now saying that +we should have fine weather for our washing-day, and yet my mistress and +the cook don’t thank me for my pains, but threaten to cut off my +head tomorrow, and make broth of me for the guests that are coming +on Sunday!’ ‘Heaven forbid!’ said the ass, ‘come with us Master +Chanticleer; it will be better, at any rate, than staying here to have +your head cut off! Besides, who knows? If we care to sing in tune, we +may get up some kind of a concert; so come along with us.’ ‘With all my +heart,’ said the cock: so they all four went on jollily together. + +They could not, however, reach the great city the first day; so when +night came on, they went into a wood to sleep. The ass and the dog laid +themselves down under a great tree, and the cat climbed up into the +branches; while the cock, thinking that the higher he sat the safer he +should be, flew up to the very top of the tree, and then, according to +his custom, before he went to sleep, looked out on all sides of him to +see that everything was well. In doing this, he saw afar off something +bright and shining and calling to his companions said, ‘There must be a +house no great way off, for I see a light.’ ‘If that be the case,’ said +the ass, ‘we had better change our quarters, for our lodging is not the +best in the world!’ ‘Besides,’ added the dog, ‘I should not be the +worse for a bone or two, or a bit of meat.’ So they walked off together +towards the spot where Chanticleer had seen the light, and as they drew +near it became larger and brighter, till they at last came close to a +house in which a gang of robbers lived. + +The ass, being the tallest of the company, marched up to the window and +peeped in. ‘Well, Donkey,’ said Chanticleer, ‘what do you see?’ ‘What +do I see?’ replied the ass. ‘Why, I see a table spread with all kinds of +good things, and robbers sitting round it making merry.’ ‘That would +be a noble lodging for us,’ said the cock. ‘Yes,’ said the ass, ‘if we +could only get in’; so they consulted together how they should contrive +to get the robbers out; and at last they hit upon a plan. The ass placed +himself upright on his hind legs, with his forefeet resting against the +window; the dog got upon his back; the cat scrambled up to the dog’s +shoulders, and the cock flew up and sat upon the cat’s head. When +all was ready a signal was given, and they began their music. The ass +brayed, the dog barked, the cat mewed, and the cock screamed; and then +they all broke through the window at once, and came tumbling into +the room, amongst the broken glass, with a most hideous clatter! The +robbers, who had been not a little frightened by the opening concert, +had now no doubt that some frightful hobgoblin had broken in upon them, +and scampered away as fast as they could. + +The coast once clear, our travellers soon sat down and dispatched what +the robbers had left, with as much eagerness as if they had not expected +to eat again for a month. As soon as they had satisfied themselves, they +put out the lights, and each once more sought out a resting-place to +his own liking. The donkey laid himself down upon a heap of straw in +the yard, the dog stretched himself upon a mat behind the door, the +cat rolled herself up on the hearth before the warm ashes, and the +cock perched upon a beam on the top of the house; and, as they were all +rather tired with their journey, they soon fell asleep. + +But about midnight, when the robbers saw from afar that the lights were +out and that all seemed quiet, they began to think that they had been in +too great a hurry to run away; and one of them, who was bolder than +the rest, went to see what was going on. Finding everything still, he +marched into the kitchen, and groped about till he found a match in +order to light a candle; and then, espying the glittering fiery eyes of +the cat, he mistook them for live coals, and held the match to them to +light it. But the cat, not understanding this joke, sprang at his face, +and spat, and scratched at him. This frightened him dreadfully, and away +he ran to the back door; but there the dog jumped up and bit him in the +leg; and as he was crossing over the yard the ass kicked him; and the +cock, who had been awakened by the noise, crowed with all his might. At +this the robber ran back as fast as he could to his comrades, and told +the captain how a horrid witch had got into the house, and had spat at +him and scratched his face with her long bony fingers; how a man with a +knife in his hand had hidden himself behind the door, and stabbed him +in the leg; how a black monster stood in the yard and struck him with a +club, and how the devil had sat upon the top of the house and cried out, +‘Throw the rascal up here!’ After this the robbers never dared to go +back to the house; but the musicians were so pleased with their quarters +that they took up their abode there; and there they are, I dare say, at +this very day. + + + + +OLD SULTAN + + +A shepherd had a faithful dog, called Sultan, who was grown very old, +and had lost all his teeth. And one day when the shepherd and his wife +were standing together before the house the shepherd said, ‘I will shoot +old Sultan tomorrow morning, for he is of no use now.’ But his wife +said, ‘Pray let the poor faithful creature live; he has served us well a +great many years, and we ought to give him a livelihood for the rest of +his days.’ ‘But what can we do with him?’ said the shepherd, ‘he has not +a tooth in his head, and the thieves don’t care for him at all; to +be sure he has served us, but then he did it to earn his livelihood; +tomorrow shall be his last day, depend upon it.’ + +Poor Sultan, who was lying close by them, heard all that the shepherd +and his wife said to one another, and was very much frightened to think +tomorrow would be his last day; so in the evening he went to his good +friend the wolf, who lived in the wood, and told him all his sorrows, +and how his master meant to kill him in the morning. ‘Make yourself +easy,’ said the wolf, ‘I will give you some good advice. Your master, +you know, goes out every morning very early with his wife into the +field; and they take their little child with them, and lay it down +behind the hedge in the shade while they are at work. Now do you lie +down close by the child, and pretend to be watching it, and I will come +out of the wood and run away with it; you must run after me as fast as +you can, and I will let it drop; then you may carry it back, and they +will think you have saved their child, and will be so thankful to you +that they will take care of you as long as you live.’ The dog liked this +plan very well; and accordingly so it was managed. The wolf ran with the +child a little way; the shepherd and his wife screamed out; but Sultan +soon overtook him, and carried the poor little thing back to his master +and mistress. Then the shepherd patted him on the head, and said, ‘Old +Sultan has saved our child from the wolf, and therefore he shall live +and be well taken care of, and have plenty to eat. Wife, go home, and +give him a good dinner, and let him have my old cushion to sleep on +as long as he lives.’ So from this time forward Sultan had all that he +could wish for. + +Soon afterwards the wolf came and wished him joy, and said, ‘Now, my +good fellow, you must tell no tales, but turn your head the other way +when I want to taste one of the old shepherd’s fine fat sheep.’ ‘No,’ +said the Sultan; ‘I will be true to my master.’ However, the wolf +thought he was in joke, and came one night to get a dainty morsel. But +Sultan had told his master what the wolf meant to do; so he laid wait +for him behind the barn door, and when the wolf was busy looking out for +a good fat sheep, he had a stout cudgel laid about his back, that combed +his locks for him finely. + +Then the wolf was very angry, and called Sultan ‘an old rogue,’ and +swore he would have his revenge. So the next morning the wolf sent the +boar to challenge Sultan to come into the wood to fight the matter. Now +Sultan had nobody he could ask to be his second but the shepherd’s old +three-legged cat; so he took her with him, and as the poor thing limped +along with some trouble, she stuck up her tail straight in the air. + +The wolf and the wild boar were first on the ground; and when they +espied their enemies coming, and saw the cat’s long tail standing +straight in the air, they thought she was carrying a sword for Sultan to +fight with; and every time she limped, they thought she was picking up +a stone to throw at them; so they said they should not like this way of +fighting, and the boar lay down behind a bush, and the wolf jumped +up into a tree. Sultan and the cat soon came up, and looked about and +wondered that no one was there. The boar, however, had not quite hidden +himself, for his ears stuck out of the bush; and when he shook one of +them a little, the cat, seeing something move, and thinking it was a +mouse, sprang upon it, and bit and scratched it, so that the boar jumped +up and grunted, and ran away, roaring out, ‘Look up in the tree, there +sits the one who is to blame.’ So they looked up, and espied the wolf +sitting amongst the branches; and they called him a cowardly rascal, +and would not suffer him to come down till he was heartily ashamed of +himself, and had promised to be good friends again with old Sultan. + + + + +THE STRAW, THE COAL, AND THE BEAN + + +In a village dwelt a poor old woman, who had gathered together a dish +of beans and wanted to cook them. So she made a fire on her hearth, and +that it might burn the quicker, she lighted it with a handful of straw. +When she was emptying the beans into the pan, one dropped without her +observing it, and lay on the ground beside a straw, and soon afterwards +a burning coal from the fire leapt down to the two. Then the straw +began and said: ‘Dear friends, from whence do you come here?’ The coal +replied: ‘I fortunately sprang out of the fire, and if I had not escaped +by sheer force, my death would have been certain,--I should have been +burnt to ashes.’ The bean said: ‘I too have escaped with a whole skin, +but if the old woman had got me into the pan, I should have been made +into broth without any mercy, like my comrades.’ ‘And would a better +fate have fallen to my lot?’ said the straw. ‘The old woman has +destroyed all my brethren in fire and smoke; she seized sixty of them at +once, and took their lives. I luckily slipped through her fingers.’ + +‘But what are we to do now?’ said the coal. + +‘I think,’ answered the bean, ‘that as we have so fortunately escaped +death, we should keep together like good companions, and lest a new +mischance should overtake us here, we should go away together, and +repair to a foreign country.’ + +The proposition pleased the two others, and they set out on their way +together. Soon, however, they came to a little brook, and as there was +no bridge or foot-plank, they did not know how they were to get over +it. The straw hit on a good idea, and said: ‘I will lay myself straight +across, and then you can walk over on me as on a bridge.’ The straw +therefore stretched itself from one bank to the other, and the coal, +who was of an impetuous disposition, tripped quite boldly on to the +newly-built bridge. But when she had reached the middle, and heard the +water rushing beneath her, she was after all, afraid, and stood still, +and ventured no farther. The straw, however, began to burn, broke in +two pieces, and fell into the stream. The coal slipped after her, hissed +when she got into the water, and breathed her last. The bean, who had +prudently stayed behind on the shore, could not but laugh at the event, +was unable to stop, and laughed so heartily that she burst. It would +have been all over with her, likewise, if, by good fortune, a tailor who +was travelling in search of work, had not sat down to rest by the brook. +As he had a compassionate heart he pulled out his needle and thread, +and sewed her together. The bean thanked him most prettily, but as the +tailor used black thread, all beans since then have a black seam. + + + + +BRIAR ROSE + + +A king and queen once upon a time reigned in a country a great way off, +where there were in those days fairies. Now this king and queen had +plenty of money, and plenty of fine clothes to wear, and plenty of +good things to eat and drink, and a coach to ride out in every day: but +though they had been married many years they had no children, and this +grieved them very much indeed. But one day as the queen was walking +by the side of the river, at the bottom of the garden, she saw a poor +little fish, that had thrown itself out of the water, and lay gasping +and nearly dead on the bank. Then the queen took pity on the little +fish, and threw it back again into the river; and before it swam away +it lifted its head out of the water and said, ‘I know what your wish is, +and it shall be fulfilled, in return for your kindness to me--you will +soon have a daughter.’ What the little fish had foretold soon came to +pass; and the queen had a little girl, so very beautiful that the king +could not cease looking on it for joy, and said he would hold a great +feast and make merry, and show the child to all the land. So he asked +his kinsmen, and nobles, and friends, and neighbours. But the queen +said, ‘I will have the fairies also, that they might be kind and good +to our little daughter.’ Now there were thirteen fairies in the kingdom; +but as the king and queen had only twelve golden dishes for them to eat +out of, they were forced to leave one of the fairies without asking her. +So twelve fairies came, each with a high red cap on her head, and red +shoes with high heels on her feet, and a long white wand in her hand: +and after the feast was over they gathered round in a ring and gave all +their best gifts to the little princess. One gave her goodness, another +beauty, another riches, and so on till she had all that was good in the +world. + +Just as eleven of them had done blessing her, a great noise was heard in +the courtyard, and word was brought that the thirteenth fairy was +come, with a black cap on her head, and black shoes on her feet, and a +broomstick in her hand: and presently up she came into the dining-hall. +Now, as she had not been asked to the feast she was very angry, and +scolded the king and queen very much, and set to work to take her +revenge. So she cried out, ‘The king’s daughter shall, in her fifteenth +year, be wounded by a spindle, and fall down dead.’ Then the twelfth of +the friendly fairies, who had not yet given her gift, came forward, and +said that the evil wish must be fulfilled, but that she could soften its +mischief; so her gift was, that the king’s daughter, when the spindle +wounded her, should not really die, but should only fall asleep for a +hundred years. + +However, the king hoped still to save his dear child altogether from +the threatened evil; so he ordered that all the spindles in the kingdom +should be bought up and burnt. But all the gifts of the first eleven +fairies were in the meantime fulfilled; for the princess was so +beautiful, and well behaved, and good, and wise, that everyone who knew +her loved her. + +It happened that, on the very day she was fifteen years old, the king +and queen were not at home, and she was left alone in the palace. So she +roved about by herself, and looked at all the rooms and chambers, till +at last she came to an old tower, to which there was a narrow staircase +ending with a little door. In the door there was a golden key, and when +she turned it the door sprang open, and there sat an old lady spinning +away very busily. ‘Why, how now, good mother,’ said the princess; ‘what +are you doing there?’ ‘Spinning,’ said the old lady, and nodded her +head, humming a tune, while buzz! went the wheel. ‘How prettily that +little thing turns round!’ said the princess, and took the spindle +and began to try and spin. But scarcely had she touched it, before the +fairy’s prophecy was fulfilled; the spindle wounded her, and she fell +down lifeless on the ground. + +However, she was not dead, but had only fallen into a deep sleep; and +the king and the queen, who had just come home, and all their court, +fell asleep too; and the horses slept in the stables, and the dogs in +the court, the pigeons on the house-top, and the very flies slept upon +the walls. Even the fire on the hearth left off blazing, and went to +sleep; the jack stopped, and the spit that was turning about with a +goose upon it for the king’s dinner stood still; and the cook, who was +at that moment pulling the kitchen-boy by the hair to give him a box +on the ear for something he had done amiss, let him go, and both fell +asleep; the butler, who was slyly tasting the ale, fell asleep with the +jug at his lips: and thus everything stood still, and slept soundly. + +A large hedge of thorns soon grew round the palace, and every year it +became higher and thicker; till at last the old palace was surrounded +and hidden, so that not even the roof or the chimneys could be seen. But +there went a report through all the land of the beautiful sleeping Briar +Rose (for so the king’s daughter was called): so that, from time to +time, several kings’ sons came, and tried to break through the thicket +into the palace. This, however, none of them could ever do; for the +thorns and bushes laid hold of them, as it were with hands; and there +they stuck fast, and died wretchedly. + +After many, many years there came a king’s son into that land: and an +old man told him the story of the thicket of thorns; and how a beautiful +palace stood behind it, and how a wonderful princess, called Briar Rose, +lay in it asleep, with all her court. He told, too, how he had heard +from his grandfather that many, many princes had come, and had tried to +break through the thicket, but that they had all stuck fast in it, and +died. Then the young prince said, ‘All this shall not frighten me; I +will go and see this Briar Rose.’ The old man tried to hinder him, but +he was bent upon going. + +Now that very day the hundred years were ended; and as the prince came +to the thicket he saw nothing but beautiful flowering shrubs, through +which he went with ease, and they shut in after him as thick as ever. +Then he came at last to the palace, and there in the court lay the dogs +asleep; and the horses were standing in the stables; and on the roof sat +the pigeons fast asleep, with their heads under their wings. And when he +came into the palace, the flies were sleeping on the walls; the spit +was standing still; the butler had the jug of ale at his lips, going +to drink a draught; the maid sat with a fowl in her lap ready to be +plucked; and the cook in the kitchen was still holding up her hand, as +if she was going to beat the boy. + +Then he went on still farther, and all was so still that he could hear +every breath he drew; till at last he came to the old tower, and opened +the door of the little room in which Briar Rose was; and there she lay, +fast asleep on a couch by the window. She looked so beautiful that he +could not take his eyes off her, so he stooped down and gave her a kiss. +But the moment he kissed her she opened her eyes and awoke, and smiled +upon him; and they went out together; and soon the king and queen also +awoke, and all the court, and gazed on each other with great wonder. +And the horses shook themselves, and the dogs jumped up and barked; the +pigeons took their heads from under their wings, and looked about and +flew into the fields; the flies on the walls buzzed again; the fire in +the kitchen blazed up; round went the jack, and round went the spit, +with the goose for the king’s dinner upon it; the butler finished his +draught of ale; the maid went on plucking the fowl; and the cook gave +the boy the box on his ear. + +And then the prince and Briar Rose were married, and the wedding feast +was given; and they lived happily together all their lives long. + + + + +THE DOG AND THE SPARROW + + +A shepherd’s dog had a master who took no care of him, but often let him +suffer the greatest hunger. At last he could bear it no longer; so he +took to his heels, and off he ran in a very sad and sorrowful mood. +On the road he met a sparrow that said to him, ‘Why are you so sad, +my friend?’ ‘Because,’ said the dog, ‘I am very very hungry, and have +nothing to eat.’ ‘If that be all,’ answered the sparrow, ‘come with me +into the next town, and I will soon find you plenty of food.’ So on they +went together into the town: and as they passed by a butcher’s shop, +the sparrow said to the dog, ‘Stand there a little while till I peck you +down a piece of meat.’ So the sparrow perched upon the shelf: and having +first looked carefully about her to see if anyone was watching her, she +pecked and scratched at a steak that lay upon the edge of the shelf, +till at last down it fell. Then the dog snapped it up, and scrambled +away with it into a corner, where he soon ate it all up. ‘Well,’ said +the sparrow, ‘you shall have some more if you will; so come with me to +the next shop, and I will peck you down another steak.’ When the dog had +eaten this too, the sparrow said to him, ‘Well, my good friend, have you +had enough now?’ ‘I have had plenty of meat,’ answered he, ‘but I should +like to have a piece of bread to eat after it.’ ‘Come with me then,’ +said the sparrow, ‘and you shall soon have that too.’ So she took him +to a baker’s shop, and pecked at two rolls that lay in the window, till +they fell down: and as the dog still wished for more, she took him to +another shop and pecked down some more for him. When that was eaten, the +sparrow asked him whether he had had enough now. ‘Yes,’ said he; ‘and +now let us take a walk a little way out of the town.’ So they both went +out upon the high road; but as the weather was warm, they had not gone +far before the dog said, ‘I am very much tired--I should like to take a +nap.’ ‘Very well,’ answered the sparrow, ‘do so, and in the meantime +I will perch upon that bush.’ So the dog stretched himself out on the +road, and fell fast asleep. Whilst he slept, there came by a carter with +a cart drawn by three horses, and loaded with two casks of wine. The +sparrow, seeing that the carter did not turn out of the way, but would +go on in the track in which the dog lay, so as to drive over him, called +out, ‘Stop! stop! Mr Carter, or it shall be the worse for you.’ But the +carter, grumbling to himself, ‘You make it the worse for me, indeed! +what can you do?’ cracked his whip, and drove his cart over the poor +dog, so that the wheels crushed him to death. ‘There,’ cried the +sparrow, ‘thou cruel villain, thou hast killed my friend the dog. Now +mind what I say. This deed of thine shall cost thee all thou art worth.’ +‘Do your worst, and welcome,’ said the brute, ‘what harm can you do me?’ +and passed on. But the sparrow crept under the tilt of the cart, and +pecked at the bung of one of the casks till she loosened it; and then +all the wine ran out, without the carter seeing it. At last he looked +round, and saw that the cart was dripping, and the cask quite empty. +‘What an unlucky wretch I am!’ cried he. ‘Not wretch enough yet!’ said +the sparrow, as she alighted upon the head of one of the horses, and +pecked at him till he reared up and kicked. When the carter saw this, +he drew out his hatchet and aimed a blow at the sparrow, meaning to kill +her; but she flew away, and the blow fell upon the poor horse’s head +with such force, that he fell down dead. ‘Unlucky wretch that I am!’ +cried he. ‘Not wretch enough yet!’ said the sparrow. And as the carter +went on with the other two horses, she again crept under the tilt of the +cart, and pecked out the bung of the second cask, so that all the wine +ran out. When the carter saw this, he again cried out, ‘Miserable wretch +that I am!’ But the sparrow answered, ‘Not wretch enough yet!’ and +perched on the head of the second horse, and pecked at him too. The +carter ran up and struck at her again with his hatchet; but away she +flew, and the blow fell upon the second horse and killed him on the +spot. ‘Unlucky wretch that I am!’ said he. ‘Not wretch enough yet!’ said +the sparrow; and perching upon the third horse, she began to peck him +too. The carter was mad with fury; and without looking about him, or +caring what he was about, struck again at the sparrow; but killed his +third horse as he done the other two. ‘Alas! miserable wretch that I +am!’ cried he. ‘Not wretch enough yet!’ answered the sparrow as she flew +away; ‘now will I plague and punish thee at thy own house.’ The +carter was forced at last to leave his cart behind him, and to go home +overflowing with rage and vexation. ‘Alas!’ said he to his wife, ‘what +ill luck has befallen me!--my wine is all spilt, and my horses all three +dead.’ ‘Alas! husband,’ replied she, ‘and a wicked bird has come into +the house, and has brought with her all the birds in the world, I am +sure, and they have fallen upon our corn in the loft, and are eating it +up at such a rate!’ Away ran the husband upstairs, and saw thousands of +birds sitting upon the floor eating up his corn, with the sparrow in the +midst of them. ‘Unlucky wretch that I am!’ cried the carter; for he saw +that the corn was almost all gone. ‘Not wretch enough yet!’ said the +sparrow; ‘thy cruelty shall cost thee thy life yet!’ and away she flew. + +The carter seeing that he had thus lost all that he had, went down +into his kitchen; and was still not sorry for what he had done, but sat +himself angrily and sulkily in the chimney corner. But the sparrow sat +on the outside of the window, and cried ‘Carter! thy cruelty shall cost +thee thy life!’ With that he jumped up in a rage, seized his hatchet, +and threw it at the sparrow; but it missed her, and only broke the +window. The sparrow now hopped in, perched upon the window-seat, and +cried, ‘Carter! it shall cost thee thy life!’ Then he became mad and +blind with rage, and struck the window-seat with such force that he +cleft it in two: and as the sparrow flew from place to place, the carter +and his wife were so furious, that they broke all their furniture, +glasses, chairs, benches, the table, and at last the walls, without +touching the bird at all. In the end, however, they caught her: and the +wife said, ‘Shall I kill her at once?’ ‘No,’ cried he, ‘that is letting +her off too easily: she shall die a much more cruel death; I will eat +her.’ But the sparrow began to flutter about, and stretch out her neck +and cried, ‘Carter! it shall cost thee thy life yet!’ With that he +could wait no longer: so he gave his wife the hatchet, and cried, ‘Wife, +strike at the bird and kill her in my hand.’ And the wife struck; but +she missed her aim, and hit her husband on the head so that he fell down +dead, and the sparrow flew quietly home to her nest. + + + + +THE TWELVE DANCING PRINCESSES + + +There was a king who had twelve beautiful daughters. They slept in +twelve beds all in one room; and when they went to bed, the doors were +shut and locked up; but every morning their shoes were found to be quite +worn through as if they had been danced in all night; and yet nobody +could find out how it happened, or where they had been. + +Then the king made it known to all the land, that if any person could +discover the secret, and find out where it was that the princesses +danced in the night, he should have the one he liked best for his +wife, and should be king after his death; but whoever tried and did not +succeed, after three days and nights, should be put to death. + +A king’s son soon came. He was well entertained, and in the evening was +taken to the chamber next to the one where the princesses lay in their +twelve beds. There he was to sit and watch where they went to dance; +and, in order that nothing might pass without his hearing it, the door +of his chamber was left open. But the king’s son soon fell asleep; and +when he awoke in the morning he found that the princesses had all been +dancing, for the soles of their shoes were full of holes. The same thing +happened the second and third night: so the king ordered his head to be +cut off. After him came several others; but they had all the same luck, +and all lost their lives in the same manner. + +Now it chanced that an old soldier, who had been wounded in battle +and could fight no longer, passed through the country where this king +reigned: and as he was travelling through a wood, he met an old woman, +who asked him where he was going. ‘I hardly know where I am going, or +what I had better do,’ said the soldier; ‘but I think I should like very +well to find out where it is that the princesses dance, and then in time +I might be a king.’ ‘Well,’ said the old dame, ‘that is no very hard +task: only take care not to drink any of the wine which one of the +princesses will bring to you in the evening; and as soon as she leaves +you pretend to be fast asleep.’ + +Then she gave him a cloak, and said, ‘As soon as you put that on +you will become invisible, and you will then be able to follow the +princesses wherever they go.’ When the soldier heard all this good +counsel, he determined to try his luck: so he went to the king, and said +he was willing to undertake the task. + +He was as well received as the others had been, and the king ordered +fine royal robes to be given him; and when the evening came he was led +to the outer chamber. Just as he was going to lie down, the eldest of +the princesses brought him a cup of wine; but the soldier threw it all +away secretly, taking care not to drink a drop. Then he laid himself +down on his bed, and in a little while began to snore very loud as if +he was fast asleep. When the twelve princesses heard this they laughed +heartily; and the eldest said, ‘This fellow too might have done a wiser +thing than lose his life in this way!’ Then they rose up and opened +their drawers and boxes, and took out all their fine clothes, and +dressed themselves at the glass, and skipped about as if they were eager +to begin dancing. But the youngest said, ‘I don’t know how it is, while +you are so happy I feel very uneasy; I am sure some mischance will +befall us.’ ‘You simpleton,’ said the eldest, ‘you are always afraid; +have you forgotten how many kings’ sons have already watched in vain? +And as for this soldier, even if I had not given him his sleeping +draught, he would have slept soundly enough.’ + +When they were all ready, they went and looked at the soldier; but he +snored on, and did not stir hand or foot: so they thought they were +quite safe; and the eldest went up to her own bed and clapped her hands, +and the bed sank into the floor and a trap-door flew open. The soldier +saw them going down through the trap-door one after another, the eldest +leading the way; and thinking he had no time to lose, he jumped up, put +on the cloak which the old woman had given him, and followed them; +but in the middle of the stairs he trod on the gown of the youngest +princess, and she cried out to her sisters, ‘All is not right; someone +took hold of my gown.’ ‘You silly creature!’ said the eldest, ‘it is +nothing but a nail in the wall.’ Then down they all went, and at the +bottom they found themselves in a most delightful grove of trees; and +the leaves were all of silver, and glittered and sparkled beautifully. +The soldier wished to take away some token of the place; so he broke +off a little branch, and there came a loud noise from the tree. Then the +youngest daughter said again, ‘I am sure all is not right--did not you +hear that noise? That never happened before.’ But the eldest said, ‘It +is only our princes, who are shouting for joy at our approach.’ + +Then they came to another grove of trees, where all the leaves were of +gold; and afterwards to a third, where the leaves were all glittering +diamonds. And the soldier broke a branch from each; and every time there +was a loud noise, which made the youngest sister tremble with fear; but +the eldest still said, it was only the princes, who were crying for joy. +So they went on till they came to a great lake; and at the side of the +lake there lay twelve little boats with twelve handsome princes in them, +who seemed to be waiting there for the princesses. + +One of the princesses went into each boat, and the soldier stepped into +the same boat with the youngest. As they were rowing over the lake, the +prince who was in the boat with the youngest princess and the soldier +said, ‘I do not know why it is, but though I am rowing with all my might +we do not get on so fast as usual, and I am quite tired: the boat +seems very heavy today.’ ‘It is only the heat of the weather,’ said the +princess: ‘I feel it very warm too.’ + +On the other side of the lake stood a fine illuminated castle, from +which came the merry music of horns and trumpets. There they all landed, +and went into the castle, and each prince danced with his princess; and +the soldier, who was all the time invisible, danced with them too; and +when any of the princesses had a cup of wine set by her, he drank it +all up, so that when she put the cup to her mouth it was empty. At this, +too, the youngest sister was terribly frightened, but the eldest always +silenced her. They danced on till three o’clock in the morning, and then +all their shoes were worn out, so that they were obliged to leave off. +The princes rowed them back again over the lake (but this time the +soldier placed himself in the boat with the eldest princess); and on the +opposite shore they took leave of each other, the princesses promising +to come again the next night. + +When they came to the stairs, the soldier ran on before the princesses, +and laid himself down; and as the twelve sisters slowly came up very +much tired, they heard him snoring in his bed; so they said, ‘Now all +is quite safe’; then they undressed themselves, put away their fine +clothes, pulled off their shoes, and went to bed. In the morning the +soldier said nothing about what had happened, but determined to see more +of this strange adventure, and went again the second and third night; +and every thing happened just as before; the princesses danced each time +till their shoes were worn to pieces, and then returned home. However, +on the third night the soldier carried away one of the golden cups as a +token of where he had been. + +As soon as the time came when he was to declare the secret, he was taken +before the king with the three branches and the golden cup; and the +twelve princesses stood listening behind the door to hear what he would +say. And when the king asked him. ‘Where do my twelve daughters dance at +night?’ he answered, ‘With twelve princes in a castle under ground.’ And +then he told the king all that had happened, and showed him the three +branches and the golden cup which he had brought with him. Then the king +called for the princesses, and asked them whether what the soldier said +was true: and when they saw that they were discovered, and that it was +of no use to deny what had happened, they confessed it all. And the king +asked the soldier which of them he would choose for his wife; and he +answered, ‘I am not very young, so I will have the eldest.’--And they +were married that very day, and the soldier was chosen to be the king’s +heir. + + + + +THE FISHERMAN AND HIS WIFE + + +There was once a fisherman who lived with his wife in a pigsty, close +by the seaside. The fisherman used to go out all day long a-fishing; and +one day, as he sat on the shore with his rod, looking at the sparkling +waves and watching his line, all on a sudden his float was dragged away +deep into the water: and in drawing it up he pulled out a great fish. +But the fish said, ‘Pray let me live! I am not a real fish; I am an +enchanted prince: put me in the water again, and let me go!’ ‘Oh, ho!’ +said the man, ‘you need not make so many words about the matter; I will +have nothing to do with a fish that can talk: so swim away, sir, as soon +as you please!’ Then he put him back into the water, and the fish darted +straight down to the bottom, and left a long streak of blood behind him +on the wave. + +When the fisherman went home to his wife in the pigsty, he told her how +he had caught a great fish, and how it had told him it was an enchanted +prince, and how, on hearing it speak, he had let it go again. ‘Did not +you ask it for anything?’ said the wife, ‘we live very wretchedly here, +in this nasty dirty pigsty; do go back and tell the fish we want a snug +little cottage.’ + +The fisherman did not much like the business: however, he went to the +seashore; and when he came back there the water looked all yellow and +green. And he stood at the water’s edge, and said: + + ‘O man of the sea! + Hearken to me! + My wife Ilsabill + Will have her own will, + And hath sent me to beg a boon of thee!’ + +Then the fish came swimming to him, and said, ‘Well, what is her will? +What does your wife want?’ ‘Ah!’ said the fisherman, ‘she says that when +I had caught you, I ought to have asked you for something before I let +you go; she does not like living any longer in the pigsty, and wants +a snug little cottage.’ ‘Go home, then,’ said the fish; ‘she is in the +cottage already!’ So the man went home, and saw his wife standing at the +door of a nice trim little cottage. ‘Come in, come in!’ said she; ‘is +not this much better than the filthy pigsty we had?’ And there was a +parlour, and a bedchamber, and a kitchen; and behind the cottage there +was a little garden, planted with all sorts of flowers and fruits; and +there was a courtyard behind, full of ducks and chickens. ‘Ah!’ said the +fisherman, ‘how happily we shall live now!’ ‘We will try to do so, at +least,’ said his wife. + +Everything went right for a week or two, and then Dame Ilsabill said, +‘Husband, there is not near room enough for us in this cottage; the +courtyard and the garden are a great deal too small; I should like to +have a large stone castle to live in: go to the fish again and tell him +to give us a castle.’ ‘Wife,’ said the fisherman, ‘I don’t like to go to +him again, for perhaps he will be angry; we ought to be easy with this +pretty cottage to live in.’ ‘Nonsense!’ said the wife; ‘he will do it +very willingly, I know; go along and try!’ + +The fisherman went, but his heart was very heavy: and when he came to +the sea, it looked blue and gloomy, though it was very calm; and he went +close to the edge of the waves, and said: + + ‘O man of the sea! + Hearken to me! + My wife Ilsabill + Will have her own will, + And hath sent me to beg a boon of thee!’ + +‘Well, what does she want now?’ said the fish. ‘Ah!’ said the man, +dolefully, ‘my wife wants to live in a stone castle.’ ‘Go home, then,’ +said the fish; ‘she is standing at the gate of it already.’ So away went +the fisherman, and found his wife standing before the gate of a great +castle. ‘See,’ said she, ‘is not this grand?’ With that they went into +the castle together, and found a great many servants there, and the +rooms all richly furnished, and full of golden chairs and tables; and +behind the castle was a garden, and around it was a park half a +mile long, full of sheep, and goats, and hares, and deer; and in the +courtyard were stables and cow-houses. ‘Well,’ said the man, ‘now we +will live cheerful and happy in this beautiful castle for the rest of +our lives.’ ‘Perhaps we may,’ said the wife; ‘but let us sleep upon it, +before we make up our minds to that.’ So they went to bed. + +The next morning when Dame Ilsabill awoke it was broad daylight, and +she jogged the fisherman with her elbow, and said, ‘Get up, husband, +and bestir yourself, for we must be king of all the land.’ ‘Wife, wife,’ +said the man, ‘why should we wish to be the king? I will not be king.’ +‘Then I will,’ said she. ‘But, wife,’ said the fisherman, ‘how can you +be king--the fish cannot make you a king?’ ‘Husband,’ said she, ‘say +no more about it, but go and try! I will be king.’ So the man went away +quite sorrowful to think that his wife should want to be king. This time +the sea looked a dark grey colour, and was overspread with curling waves +and the ridges of foam as he cried out: + + ‘O man of the sea! + Hearken to me! + My wife Ilsabill + Will have her own will, + And hath sent me to beg a boon of thee!’ + +‘Well, what would she have now?’ said the fish. ‘Alas!’ said the poor +man, ‘my wife wants to be king.’ ‘Go home,’ said the fish; ‘she is king +already.’ + +Then the fisherman went home; and as he came close to the palace he saw +a troop of soldiers, and heard the sound of drums and trumpets. And when +he went in he saw his wife sitting on a throne of gold and diamonds, +with a golden crown upon her head; and on each side of her stood six +fair maidens, each a head taller than the other. ‘Well, wife,’ said the +fisherman, ‘are you king?’ ‘Yes,’ said she, ‘I am king.’ And when he had +looked at her for a long time, he said, ‘Ah, wife! what a fine thing it +is to be king! Now we shall never have anything more to wish for as long +as we live.’ ‘I don’t know how that may be,’ said she; ‘never is a long +time. I am king, it is true; but I begin to be tired of that, and I +think I should like to be emperor.’ ‘Alas, wife! why should you wish to +be emperor?’ said the fisherman. ‘Husband,’ said she, ‘go to the fish! +I say I will be emperor.’ ‘Ah, wife!’ replied the fisherman, ‘the fish +cannot make an emperor, I am sure, and I should not like to ask him for +such a thing.’ ‘I am king,’ said Ilsabill, ‘and you are my slave; so go +at once!’ + +So the fisherman was forced to go; and he muttered as he went along, +‘This will come to no good, it is too much to ask; the fish will be +tired at last, and then we shall be sorry for what we have done.’ He +soon came to the seashore; and the water was quite black and muddy, and +a mighty whirlwind blew over the waves and rolled them about, but he +went as near as he could to the water’s brink, and said: + + ‘O man of the sea! + Hearken to me! + My wife Ilsabill + Will have her own will, + And hath sent me to beg a boon of thee!’ + +‘What would she have now?’ said the fish. ‘Ah!’ said the fisherman, +‘she wants to be emperor.’ ‘Go home,’ said the fish; ‘she is emperor +already.’ + +So he went home again; and as he came near he saw his wife Ilsabill +sitting on a very lofty throne made of solid gold, with a great crown on +her head full two yards high; and on each side of her stood her guards +and attendants in a row, each one smaller than the other, from the +tallest giant down to a little dwarf no bigger than my finger. And +before her stood princes, and dukes, and earls: and the fisherman went +up to her and said, ‘Wife, are you emperor?’ ‘Yes,’ said she, ‘I am +emperor.’ ‘Ah!’ said the man, as he gazed upon her, ‘what a fine thing +it is to be emperor!’ ‘Husband,’ said she, ‘why should we stop at being +emperor? I will be pope next.’ ‘O wife, wife!’ said he, ‘how can you be +pope? there is but one pope at a time in Christendom.’ ‘Husband,’ said +she, ‘I will be pope this very day.’ ‘But,’ replied the husband, ‘the +fish cannot make you pope.’ ‘What nonsense!’ said she; ‘if he can make +an emperor, he can make a pope: go and try him.’ + +So the fisherman went. But when he came to the shore the wind was raging +and the sea was tossed up and down in boiling waves, and the ships were +in trouble, and rolled fearfully upon the tops of the billows. In the +middle of the heavens there was a little piece of blue sky, but towards +the south all was red, as if a dreadful storm was rising. At this sight +the fisherman was dreadfully frightened, and he trembled so that his +knees knocked together: but still he went down near to the shore, and +said: + + ‘O man of the sea! + Hearken to me! + My wife Ilsabill + Will have her own will, + And hath sent me to beg a boon of thee!’ + +‘What does she want now?’ said the fish. ‘Ah!’ said the fisherman, ‘my +wife wants to be pope.’ ‘Go home,’ said the fish; ‘she is pope already.’ + +Then the fisherman went home, and found Ilsabill sitting on a throne +that was two miles high. And she had three great crowns on her head, and +around her stood all the pomp and power of the Church. And on each side +of her were two rows of burning lights, of all sizes, the greatest as +large as the highest and biggest tower in the world, and the least no +larger than a small rushlight. ‘Wife,’ said the fisherman, as he looked +at all this greatness, ‘are you pope?’ ‘Yes,’ said she, ‘I am pope.’ +‘Well, wife,’ replied he, ‘it is a grand thing to be pope; and now +you must be easy, for you can be nothing greater.’ ‘I will think about +that,’ said the wife. Then they went to bed: but Dame Ilsabill could not +sleep all night for thinking what she should be next. At last, as she +was dropping asleep, morning broke, and the sun rose. ‘Ha!’ thought she, +as she woke up and looked at it through the window, ‘after all I cannot +prevent the sun rising.’ At this thought she was very angry, and wakened +her husband, and said, ‘Husband, go to the fish and tell him I must +be lord of the sun and moon.’ The fisherman was half asleep, but the +thought frightened him so much that he started and fell out of bed. +‘Alas, wife!’ said he, ‘cannot you be easy with being pope?’ ‘No,’ +said she, ‘I am very uneasy as long as the sun and moon rise without my +leave. Go to the fish at once!’ + +Then the man went shivering with fear; and as he was going down to +the shore a dreadful storm arose, so that the trees and the very rocks +shook. And all the heavens became black with stormy clouds, and the +lightnings played, and the thunders rolled; and you might have seen in +the sea great black waves, swelling up like mountains with crowns of +white foam upon their heads. And the fisherman crept towards the sea, +and cried out, as well as he could: + + ‘O man of the sea! + Hearken to me! + My wife Ilsabill + Will have her own will, + And hath sent me to beg a boon of thee!’ + +‘What does she want now?’ said the fish. ‘Ah!’ said he, ‘she wants to +be lord of the sun and moon.’ ‘Go home,’ said the fish, ‘to your pigsty +again.’ + +And there they live to this very day. + + + + +THE WILLOW-WREN AND THE BEAR + + +Once in summer-time the bear and the wolf were walking in the forest, +and the bear heard a bird singing so beautifully that he said: ‘Brother +wolf, what bird is it that sings so well?’ ‘That is the King of birds,’ +said the wolf, ‘before whom we must bow down.’ In reality the bird was +the willow-wren. ‘IF that’s the case,’ said the bear, ‘I should very +much like to see his royal palace; come, take me thither.’ ‘That is not +done quite as you seem to think,’ said the wolf; ‘you must wait until +the Queen comes,’ Soon afterwards, the Queen arrived with some food in +her beak, and the lord King came too, and they began to feed their young +ones. The bear would have liked to go at once, but the wolf held him +back by the sleeve, and said: ‘No, you must wait until the lord and lady +Queen have gone away again.’ So they took stock of the hole where the +nest lay, and trotted away. The bear, however, could not rest until he +had seen the royal palace, and when a short time had passed, went to it +again. The King and Queen had just flown out, so he peeped in and saw +five or six young ones lying there. ‘Is that the royal palace?’ cried +the bear; ‘it is a wretched palace, and you are not King’s children, you +are disreputable children!’ When the young wrens heard that, they were +frightfully angry, and screamed: ‘No, that we are not! Our parents are +honest people! Bear, you will have to pay for that!’ + +The bear and the wolf grew uneasy, and turned back and went into their +holes. The young willow-wrens, however, continued to cry and scream, and +when their parents again brought food they said: ‘We will not so much as +touch one fly’s leg, no, not if we were dying of hunger, until you have +settled whether we are respectable children or not; the bear has been +here and has insulted us!’ Then the old King said: ‘Be easy, he shall +be punished,’ and he at once flew with the Queen to the bear’s cave, and +called in: ‘Old Growler, why have you insulted my children? You shall +suffer for it--we will punish you by a bloody war.’ Thus war was +announced to the Bear, and all four-footed animals were summoned to take +part in it, oxen, asses, cows, deer, and every other animal the earth +contained. And the willow-wren summoned everything which flew in the +air, not only birds, large and small, but midges, and hornets, bees and +flies had to come. + +When the time came for the war to begin, the willow-wren sent out spies +to discover who was the enemy’s commander-in-chief. The gnat, who was +the most crafty, flew into the forest where the enemy was assembled, +and hid herself beneath a leaf of the tree where the password was to be +announced. There stood the bear, and he called the fox before him +and said: ‘Fox, you are the most cunning of all animals, you shall be +general and lead us.’ ‘Good,’ said the fox, ‘but what signal shall we +agree upon?’ No one knew that, so the fox said: ‘I have a fine long +bushy tail, which almost looks like a plume of red feathers. When I lift +my tail up quite high, all is going well, and you must charge; but if I +let it hang down, run away as fast as you can.’ When the gnat had heard +that, she flew away again, and revealed everything, down to the minutest +detail, to the willow-wren. When day broke, and the battle was to begin, +all the four-footed animals came running up with such a noise that the +earth trembled. The willow-wren with his army also came flying through +the air with such a humming, and whirring, and swarming that every one +was uneasy and afraid, and on both sides they advanced against each +other. But the willow-wren sent down the hornet, with orders to settle +beneath the fox’s tail, and sting with all his might. When the fox felt +the first string, he started so that he lifted one leg, from pain, but +he bore it, and still kept his tail high in the air; at the second +sting, he was forced to put it down for a moment; at the third, he could +hold out no longer, screamed, and put his tail between his legs. When +the animals saw that, they thought all was lost, and began to flee, each +into his hole, and the birds had won the battle. + +Then the King and Queen flew home to their children and cried: +‘Children, rejoice, eat and drink to your heart’s content, we have won +the battle!’ But the young wrens said: ‘We will not eat yet, the bear +must come to the nest, and beg for pardon and say that we are honourable +children, before we will do that.’ Then the willow-wren flew to the +bear’s hole and cried: ‘Growler, you are to come to the nest to my +children, and beg their pardon, or else every rib of your body shall +be broken.’ So the bear crept thither in the greatest fear, and begged +their pardon. And now at last the young wrens were satisfied, and sat +down together and ate and drank, and made merry till quite late into the +night. + + + + +THE FROG-PRINCE + + +One fine evening a young princess put on her bonnet and clogs, and went +out to take a walk by herself in a wood; and when she came to a cool +spring of water, that rose in the midst of it, she sat herself down +to rest a while. Now she had a golden ball in her hand, which was her +favourite plaything; and she was always tossing it up into the air, and +catching it again as it fell. After a time she threw it up so high that +she missed catching it as it fell; and the ball bounded away, and rolled +along upon the ground, till at last it fell down into the spring. The +princess looked into the spring after her ball, but it was very deep, so +deep that she could not see the bottom of it. Then she began to bewail +her loss, and said, ‘Alas! if I could only get my ball again, I would +give all my fine clothes and jewels, and everything that I have in the +world.’ + +Whilst she was speaking, a frog put its head out of the water, and said, +‘Princess, why do you weep so bitterly?’ ‘Alas!’ said she, ‘what can you +do for me, you nasty frog? My golden ball has fallen into the spring.’ +The frog said, ‘I want not your pearls, and jewels, and fine clothes; +but if you will love me, and let me live with you and eat from off +your golden plate, and sleep upon your bed, I will bring you your ball +again.’ ‘What nonsense,’ thought the princess, ‘this silly frog is +talking! He can never even get out of the spring to visit me, though +he may be able to get my ball for me, and therefore I will tell him he +shall have what he asks.’ So she said to the frog, ‘Well, if you will +bring me my ball, I will do all you ask.’ Then the frog put his head +down, and dived deep under the water; and after a little while he came +up again, with the ball in his mouth, and threw it on the edge of the +spring. As soon as the young princess saw her ball, she ran to pick +it up; and she was so overjoyed to have it in her hand again, that she +never thought of the frog, but ran home with it as fast as she could. +The frog called after her, ‘Stay, princess, and take me with you as you +said,’ But she did not stop to hear a word. + +The next day, just as the princess had sat down to dinner, she heard a +strange noise--tap, tap--plash, plash--as if something was coming up the +marble staircase: and soon afterwards there was a gentle knock at the +door, and a little voice cried out and said: + + ‘Open the door, my princess dear, + Open the door to thy true love here! + And mind the words that thou and I said + By the fountain cool, in the greenwood shade.’ + +Then the princess ran to the door and opened it, and there she saw +the frog, whom she had quite forgotten. At this sight she was sadly +frightened, and shutting the door as fast as she could came back to her +seat. The king, her father, seeing that something had frightened her, +asked her what was the matter. ‘There is a nasty frog,’ said she, ‘at +the door, that lifted my ball for me out of the spring this morning: I +told him that he should live with me here, thinking that he could never +get out of the spring; but there he is at the door, and he wants to come +in.’ + +While she was speaking the frog knocked again at the door, and said: + + ‘Open the door, my princess dear, + Open the door to thy true love here! + And mind the words that thou and I said + By the fountain cool, in the greenwood shade.’ + +Then the king said to the young princess, ‘As you have given your word +you must keep it; so go and let him in.’ She did so, and the frog hopped +into the room, and then straight on--tap, tap--plash, plash--from the +bottom of the room to the top, till he came up close to the table where +the princess sat. ‘Pray lift me upon chair,’ said he to the princess, +‘and let me sit next to you.’ As soon as she had done this, the frog +said, ‘Put your plate nearer to me, that I may eat out of it.’ This +she did, and when he had eaten as much as he could, he said, ‘Now I am +tired; carry me upstairs, and put me into your bed.’ And the princess, +though very unwilling, took him up in her hand, and put him upon the +pillow of her own bed, where he slept all night long. As soon as it was +light he jumped up, hopped downstairs, and went out of the house. +‘Now, then,’ thought the princess, ‘at last he is gone, and I shall be +troubled with him no more.’ + +But she was mistaken; for when night came again she heard the same +tapping at the door; and the frog came once more, and said: + + ‘Open the door, my princess dear, + Open the door to thy true love here! + And mind the words that thou and I said + By the fountain cool, in the greenwood shade.’ + +And when the princess opened the door the frog came in, and slept upon +her pillow as before, till the morning broke. And the third night he did +the same. But when the princess awoke on the following morning she was +astonished to see, instead of the frog, a handsome prince, gazing on her +with the most beautiful eyes she had ever seen, and standing at the head +of her bed. + +He told her that he had been enchanted by a spiteful fairy, who had +changed him into a frog; and that he had been fated so to abide till +some princess should take him out of the spring, and let him eat from +her plate, and sleep upon her bed for three nights. ‘You,’ said the +prince, ‘have broken his cruel charm, and now I have nothing to wish for +but that you should go with me into my father’s kingdom, where I will +marry you, and love you as long as you live.’ + +The young princess, you may be sure, was not long in saying ‘Yes’ to +all this; and as they spoke a gay coach drove up, with eight beautiful +horses, decked with plumes of feathers and a golden harness; and behind +the coach rode the prince’s servant, faithful Heinrich, who had bewailed +the misfortunes of his dear master during his enchantment so long and so +bitterly, that his heart had well-nigh burst. + +They then took leave of the king, and got into the coach with eight +horses, and all set out, full of joy and merriment, for the prince’s +kingdom, which they reached safely; and there they lived happily a great +many years. + + + + +CAT AND MOUSE IN PARTNERSHIP + + +A certain cat had made the acquaintance of a mouse, and had said so much +to her about the great love and friendship she felt for her, that at +length the mouse agreed that they should live and keep house together. +‘But we must make a provision for winter, or else we shall suffer +from hunger,’ said the cat; ‘and you, little mouse, cannot venture +everywhere, or you will be caught in a trap some day.’ The good advice +was followed, and a pot of fat was bought, but they did not know where +to put it. At length, after much consideration, the cat said: ‘I know no +place where it will be better stored up than in the church, for no one +dares take anything away from there. We will set it beneath the altar, +and not touch it until we are really in need of it.’ So the pot was +placed in safety, but it was not long before the cat had a great +yearning for it, and said to the mouse: ‘I want to tell you something, +little mouse; my cousin has brought a little son into the world, and has +asked me to be godmother; he is white with brown spots, and I am to hold +him over the font at the christening. Let me go out today, and you look +after the house by yourself.’ ‘Yes, yes,’ answered the mouse, ‘by all +means go, and if you get anything very good to eat, think of me. I +should like a drop of sweet red christening wine myself.’ All this, +however, was untrue; the cat had no cousin, and had not been asked to +be godmother. She went straight to the church, stole to the pot of fat, +began to lick at it, and licked the top of the fat off. Then she took a +walk upon the roofs of the town, looked out for opportunities, and then +stretched herself in the sun, and licked her lips whenever she thought +of the pot of fat, and not until it was evening did she return home. +‘Well, here you are again,’ said the mouse, ‘no doubt you have had a +merry day.’ ‘All went off well,’ answered the cat. ‘What name did they +give the child?’ ‘Top off!’ said the cat quite coolly. ‘Top off!’ cried +the mouse, ‘that is a very odd and uncommon name, is it a usual one in +your family?’ ‘What does that matter,’ said the cat, ‘it is no worse +than Crumb-stealer, as your godchildren are called.’ + +Before long the cat was seized by another fit of yearning. She said to +the mouse: ‘You must do me a favour, and once more manage the house for +a day alone. I am again asked to be godmother, and, as the child has a +white ring round its neck, I cannot refuse.’ The good mouse consented, +but the cat crept behind the town walls to the church, and devoured +half the pot of fat. ‘Nothing ever seems so good as what one keeps to +oneself,’ said she, and was quite satisfied with her day’s work. When +she went home the mouse inquired: ‘And what was the child christened?’ +‘Half-done,’ answered the cat. ‘Half-done! What are you saying? I +never heard the name in my life, I’ll wager anything it is not in the +calendar!’ + +The cat’s mouth soon began to water for some more licking. ‘All good +things go in threes,’ said she, ‘I am asked to stand godmother again. +The child is quite black, only it has white paws, but with that +exception, it has not a single white hair on its whole body; this only +happens once every few years, you will let me go, won’t you?’ ‘Top-off! +Half-done!’ answered the mouse, ‘they are such odd names, they make me +very thoughtful.’ ‘You sit at home,’ said the cat, ‘in your dark-grey +fur coat and long tail, and are filled with fancies, that’s because +you do not go out in the daytime.’ During the cat’s absence the mouse +cleaned the house, and put it in order, but the greedy cat entirely +emptied the pot of fat. ‘When everything is eaten up one has some +peace,’ said she to herself, and well filled and fat she did not return +home till night. The mouse at once asked what name had been given to +the third child. ‘It will not please you more than the others,’ said the +cat. ‘He is called All-gone.’ ‘All-gone,’ cried the mouse ‘that is the +most suspicious name of all! I have never seen it in print. All-gone; +what can that mean?’ and she shook her head, curled herself up, and lay +down to sleep. + +From this time forth no one invited the cat to be godmother, but +when the winter had come and there was no longer anything to be found +outside, the mouse thought of their provision, and said: ‘Come, cat, +we will go to our pot of fat which we have stored up for ourselves--we +shall enjoy that.’ ‘Yes,’ answered the cat, ‘you will enjoy it as much +as you would enjoy sticking that dainty tongue of yours out of the +window.’ They set out on their way, but when they arrived, the pot of +fat certainly was still in its place, but it was empty. ‘Alas!’ said the +mouse, ‘now I see what has happened, now it comes to light! You are a true +friend! You have devoured all when you were standing godmother. First +top off, then half-done, then--’ ‘Will you hold your tongue,’ cried the +cat, ‘one word more, and I will eat you too.’ ‘All-gone’ was already on +the poor mouse’s lips; scarcely had she spoken it before the cat sprang +on her, seized her, and swallowed her down. Verily, that is the way of +the world. + + + + +THE GOOSE-GIRL + + +The king of a great land died, and left his queen to take care of their +only child. This child was a daughter, who was very beautiful; and her +mother loved her dearly, and was very kind to her. And there was a good +fairy too, who was fond of the princess, and helped her mother to watch +over her. When she grew up, she was betrothed to a prince who lived a +great way off; and as the time drew near for her to be married, she +got ready to set off on her journey to his country. Then the queen her +mother, packed up a great many costly things; jewels, and gold, and +silver; trinkets, fine dresses, and in short everything that became a +royal bride. And she gave her a waiting-maid to ride with her, and give +her into the bridegroom’s hands; and each had a horse for the journey. +Now the princess’s horse was the fairy’s gift, and it was called Falada, +and could speak. + +When the time came for them to set out, the fairy went into her +bed-chamber, and took a little knife, and cut off a lock of her hair, +and gave it to the princess, and said, ‘Take care of it, dear child; for +it is a charm that may be of use to you on the road.’ Then they all took +a sorrowful leave of the princess; and she put the lock of hair into +her bosom, got upon her horse, and set off on her journey to her +bridegroom’s kingdom. + +One day, as they were riding along by a brook, the princess began to +feel very thirsty: and she said to her maid, ‘Pray get down, and fetch +me some water in my golden cup out of yonder brook, for I want to +drink.’ ‘Nay,’ said the maid, ‘if you are thirsty, get off yourself, and +stoop down by the water and drink; I shall not be your waiting-maid any +longer.’ Then she was so thirsty that she got down, and knelt over the +little brook, and drank; for she was frightened, and dared not bring out +her golden cup; and she wept and said, ‘Alas! what will become of me?’ +And the lock answered her, and said: + + ‘Alas! alas! if thy mother knew it, + Sadly, sadly, would she rue it.’ + +But the princess was very gentle and meek, so she said nothing to her +maid’s ill behaviour, but got upon her horse again. + +Then all rode farther on their journey, till the day grew so warm, and +the sun so scorching, that the bride began to feel very thirsty again; +and at last, when they came to a river, she forgot her maid’s rude +speech, and said, ‘Pray get down, and fetch me some water to drink in +my golden cup.’ But the maid answered her, and even spoke more haughtily +than before: ‘Drink if you will, but I shall not be your waiting-maid.’ +Then the princess was so thirsty that she got off her horse, and lay +down, and held her head over the running stream, and cried and said, +‘What will become of me?’ And the lock of hair answered her again: + + ‘Alas! alas! if thy mother knew it, + Sadly, sadly, would she rue it.’ + +And as she leaned down to drink, the lock of hair fell from her bosom, +and floated away with the water. Now she was so frightened that she did +not see it; but her maid saw it, and was very glad, for she knew the +charm; and she saw that the poor bride would be in her power, now that +she had lost the hair. So when the bride had done drinking, and would +have got upon Falada again, the maid said, ‘I shall ride upon Falada, +and you may have my horse instead’; so she was forced to give up her +horse, and soon afterwards to take off her royal clothes and put on her +maid’s shabby ones. + +At last, as they drew near the end of their journey, this treacherous +servant threatened to kill her mistress if she ever told anyone what had +happened. But Falada saw it all, and marked it well. + +Then the waiting-maid got upon Falada, and the real bride rode upon the +other horse, and they went on in this way till at last they came to the +royal court. There was great joy at their coming, and the prince flew to +meet them, and lifted the maid from her horse, thinking she was the one +who was to be his wife; and she was led upstairs to the royal chamber; +but the true princess was told to stay in the court below. + +Now the old king happened just then to have nothing else to do; so he +amused himself by sitting at his kitchen window, looking at what was +going on; and he saw her in the courtyard. As she looked very pretty, +and too delicate for a waiting-maid, he went up into the royal chamber +to ask the bride who it was she had brought with her, that was thus left +standing in the court below. ‘I brought her with me for the sake of her +company on the road,’ said she; ‘pray give the girl some work to do, +that she may not be idle.’ The old king could not for some time think +of any work for her to do; but at last he said, ‘I have a lad who takes +care of my geese; she may go and help him.’ Now the name of this lad, +that the real bride was to help in watching the king’s geese, was +Curdken. + +But the false bride said to the prince, ‘Dear husband, pray do me one +piece of kindness.’ ‘That I will,’ said the prince. ‘Then tell one of +your slaughterers to cut off the head of the horse I rode upon, for it +was very unruly, and plagued me sadly on the road’; but the truth was, +she was very much afraid lest Falada should some day or other speak, and +tell all she had done to the princess. She carried her point, and the +faithful Falada was killed; but when the true princess heard of it, she +wept, and begged the man to nail up Falada’s head against a large +dark gate of the city, through which she had to pass every morning +and evening, that there she might still see him sometimes. Then the +slaughterer said he would do as she wished; and cut off the head, and +nailed it up under the dark gate. + +Early the next morning, as she and Curdken went out through the gate, +she said sorrowfully: + + ‘Falada, Falada, there thou hangest!’ + +and the head answered: + + ‘Bride, bride, there thou gangest! + Alas! alas! if thy mother knew it, + Sadly, sadly, would she rue it.’ + +Then they went out of the city, and drove the geese on. And when she +came to the meadow, she sat down upon a bank there, and let down her +waving locks of hair, which were all of pure silver; and when Curdken +saw it glitter in the sun, he ran up, and would have pulled some of the +locks out, but she cried: + + ‘Blow, breezes, blow! + Let Curdken’s hat go! + Blow, breezes, blow! + Let him after it go! + O’er hills, dales, and rocks, + Away be it whirl’d + Till the silvery locks + Are all comb’d and curl’d! + +Then there came a wind, so strong that it blew off Curdken’s hat; and +away it flew over the hills: and he was forced to turn and run after +it; till, by the time he came back, she had done combing and curling her +hair, and had put it up again safe. Then he was very angry and sulky, +and would not speak to her at all; but they watched the geese until it +grew dark in the evening, and then drove them homewards. + +The next morning, as they were going through the dark gate, the poor +girl looked up at Falada’s head, and cried: + + ‘Falada, Falada, there thou hangest!’ + +and the head answered: + + ‘Bride, bride, there thou gangest! + Alas! alas! if thy mother knew it, + Sadly, sadly, would she rue it.’ + +Then she drove on the geese, and sat down again in the meadow, and began +to comb out her hair as before; and Curdken ran up to her, and wanted to +take hold of it; but she cried out quickly: + + ‘Blow, breezes, blow! + Let Curdken’s hat go! + Blow, breezes, blow! + Let him after it go! + O’er hills, dales, and rocks, + Away be it whirl’d + Till the silvery locks + Are all comb’d and curl’d! + +Then the wind came and blew away his hat; and off it flew a great way, +over the hills and far away, so that he had to run after it; and when +he came back she had bound up her hair again, and all was safe. So they +watched the geese till it grew dark. + +In the evening, after they came home, Curdken went to the old king, and +said, ‘I cannot have that strange girl to help me to keep the geese any +longer.’ ‘Why?’ said the king. ‘Because, instead of doing any good, she +does nothing but tease me all day long.’ Then the king made him tell him +what had happened. And Curdken said, ‘When we go in the morning through +the dark gate with our flock of geese, she cries and talks with the head +of a horse that hangs upon the wall, and says: + + ‘Falada, Falada, there thou hangest!’ + +and the head answers: + + ‘Bride, bride, there thou gangest! + Alas! alas! if thy mother knew it, + Sadly, sadly, would she rue it.’ + +And Curdken went on telling the king what had happened upon the meadow +where the geese fed; how his hat was blown away; and how he was forced +to run after it, and to leave his flock of geese to themselves. But the +old king told the boy to go out again the next day: and when morning +came, he placed himself behind the dark gate, and heard how she spoke +to Falada, and how Falada answered. Then he went into the field, and +hid himself in a bush by the meadow’s side; and he soon saw with his own +eyes how they drove the flock of geese; and how, after a little time, +she let down her hair that glittered in the sun. And then he heard her +say: + + ‘Blow, breezes, blow! + Let Curdken’s hat go! + Blow, breezes, blow! + Let him after it go! + O’er hills, dales, and rocks, + Away be it whirl’d + Till the silvery locks + Are all comb’d and curl’d! + +And soon came a gale of wind, and carried away Curdken’s hat, and away +went Curdken after it, while the girl went on combing and curling her +hair. All this the old king saw: so he went home without being seen; and +when the little goose-girl came back in the evening he called her aside, +and asked her why she did so: but she burst into tears, and said, ‘That +I must not tell you or any man, or I shall lose my life.’ + +But the old king begged so hard, that she had no peace till she had told +him all the tale, from beginning to end, word for word. And it was very +lucky for her that she did so, for when she had done the king ordered +royal clothes to be put upon her, and gazed on her with wonder, she was +so beautiful. Then he called his son and told him that he had only a +false bride; for that she was merely a waiting-maid, while the true +bride stood by. And the young king rejoiced when he saw her beauty, and +heard how meek and patient she had been; and without saying anything to +the false bride, the king ordered a great feast to be got ready for all +his court. The bridegroom sat at the top, with the false princess on one +side, and the true one on the other; but nobody knew her again, for her +beauty was quite dazzling to their eyes; and she did not seem at all +like the little goose-girl, now that she had her brilliant dress on. + +When they had eaten and drank, and were very merry, the old king said +he would tell them a tale. So he began, and told all the story of the +princess, as if it was one that he had once heard; and he asked the +true waiting-maid what she thought ought to be done to anyone who would +behave thus. ‘Nothing better,’ said this false bride, ‘than that she +should be thrown into a cask stuck round with sharp nails, and that +two white horses should be put to it, and should drag it from street to +street till she was dead.’ ‘Thou art she!’ said the old king; ‘and as +thou has judged thyself, so shall it be done to thee.’ And the young +king was then married to his true wife, and they reigned over the +kingdom in peace and happiness all their lives; and the good fairy came +to see them, and restored the faithful Falada to life again. + + + + +THE ADVENTURES OF CHANTICLEER AND PARTLET + + +1. HOW THEY WENT TO THE MOUNTAINS TO EAT NUTS + +‘The nuts are quite ripe now,’ said Chanticleer to his wife Partlet, +‘suppose we go together to the mountains, and eat as many as we can, +before the squirrel takes them all away.’ ‘With all my heart,’ said +Partlet, ‘let us go and make a holiday of it together.’ + +So they went to the mountains; and as it was a lovely day, they stayed +there till the evening. Now, whether it was that they had eaten so many +nuts that they could not walk, or whether they were lazy and would not, +I do not know: however, they took it into their heads that it did not +become them to go home on foot. So Chanticleer began to build a little +carriage of nutshells: and when it was finished, Partlet jumped into +it and sat down, and bid Chanticleer harness himself to it and draw her +home. ‘That’s a good joke!’ said Chanticleer; ‘no, that will never do; +I had rather by half walk home; I’ll sit on the box and be coachman, +if you like, but I’ll not draw.’ While this was passing, a duck came +quacking up and cried out, ‘You thieving vagabonds, what business have +you in my grounds? I’ll give it you well for your insolence!’ and upon +that she fell upon Chanticleer most lustily. But Chanticleer was no +coward, and returned the duck’s blows with his sharp spurs so fiercely +that she soon began to cry out for mercy; which was only granted her +upon condition that she would draw the carriage home for them. This she +agreed to do; and Chanticleer got upon the box, and drove, crying, ‘Now, +duck, get on as fast as you can.’ And away they went at a pretty good +pace. + +After they had travelled along a little way, they met a needle and a pin +walking together along the road: and the needle cried out, ‘Stop, stop!’ +and said it was so dark that they could hardly find their way, and such +dirty walking they could not get on at all: he told them that he and his +friend, the pin, had been at a public-house a few miles off, and had sat +drinking till they had forgotten how late it was; he begged therefore +that the travellers would be so kind as to give them a lift in their +carriage. Chanticleer observing that they were but thin fellows, and not +likely to take up much room, told them they might ride, but made them +promise not to dirty the wheels of the carriage in getting in, nor to +tread on Partlet’s toes. + +Late at night they arrived at an inn; and as it was bad travelling in +the dark, and the duck seemed much tired, and waddled about a good +deal from one side to the other, they made up their minds to fix their +quarters there: but the landlord at first was unwilling, and said his +house was full, thinking they might not be very respectable company: +however, they spoke civilly to him, and gave him the egg which Partlet +had laid by the way, and said they would give him the duck, who was in +the habit of laying one every day: so at last he let them come in, and +they bespoke a handsome supper, and spent the evening very jollily. + +Early in the morning, before it was quite light, and when nobody was +stirring in the inn, Chanticleer awakened his wife, and, fetching the +egg, they pecked a hole in it, ate it up, and threw the shells into the +fireplace: they then went to the pin and needle, who were fast asleep, +and seizing them by the heads, stuck one into the landlord’s easy chair +and the other into his handkerchief; and, having done this, they crept +away as softly as possible. However, the duck, who slept in the open +air in the yard, heard them coming, and jumping into the brook which ran +close by the inn, soon swam out of their reach. + +An hour or two afterwards the landlord got up, and took his handkerchief +to wipe his face, but the pin ran into him and pricked him: then he +walked into the kitchen to light his pipe at the fire, but when he +stirred it up the eggshells flew into his eyes, and almost blinded him. +‘Bless me!’ said he, ‘all the world seems to have a design against my +head this morning’: and so saying, he threw himself sulkily into his +easy chair; but, oh dear! the needle ran into him; and this time the +pain was not in his head. He now flew into a very great passion, and, +suspecting the company who had come in the night before, he went to look +after them, but they were all off; so he swore that he never again +would take in such a troop of vagabonds, who ate a great deal, paid no +reckoning, and gave him nothing for his trouble but their apish tricks. + + +2. HOW CHANTICLEER AND PARTLET WENT TO VISIT MR KORBES + +Another day, Chanticleer and Partlet wished to ride out together; +so Chanticleer built a handsome carriage with four red wheels, and +harnessed six mice to it; and then he and Partlet got into the carriage, +and away they drove. Soon afterwards a cat met them, and said, ‘Where +are you going?’ And Chanticleer replied, + + ‘All on our way + A visit to pay + To Mr Korbes, the fox, today.’ + +Then the cat said, ‘Take me with you,’ Chanticleer said, ‘With all my +heart: get up behind, and be sure you do not fall off.’ + + ‘Take care of this handsome coach of mine, + Nor dirty my pretty red wheels so fine! + Now, mice, be ready, + And, wheels, run steady! + For we are going a visit to pay + To Mr Korbes, the fox, today.’ + +Soon after came up a millstone, an egg, a duck, and a pin; and +Chanticleer gave them all leave to get into the carriage and go with +them. + +When they arrived at Mr Korbes’s house, he was not at home; so the mice +drew the carriage into the coach-house, Chanticleer and Partlet flew +upon a beam, the cat sat down in the fireplace, the duck got into +the washing cistern, the pin stuck himself into the bed pillow, the +millstone laid himself over the house door, and the egg rolled himself +up in the towel. + +When Mr Korbes came home, he went to the fireplace to make a fire; but +the cat threw all the ashes in his eyes: so he ran to the kitchen to +wash himself; but there the duck splashed all the water in his face; and +when he tried to wipe himself, the egg broke to pieces in the towel all +over his face and eyes. Then he was very angry, and went without his +supper to bed; but when he laid his head on the pillow, the pin ran into +his cheek: at this he became quite furious, and, jumping up, would have +run out of the house; but when he came to the door, the millstone fell +down on his head, and killed him on the spot. + + +3. HOW PARTLET DIED AND WAS BURIED, AND HOW CHANTICLEER DIED OF GRIEF + +Another day Chanticleer and Partlet agreed to go again to the mountains +to eat nuts; and it was settled that all the nuts which they found +should be shared equally between them. Now Partlet found a very large +nut; but she said nothing about it to Chanticleer, and kept it all to +herself: however, it was so big that she could not swallow it, and it +stuck in her throat. Then she was in a great fright, and cried out to +Chanticleer, ‘Pray run as fast as you can, and fetch me some water, or I +shall be choked.’ Chanticleer ran as fast as he could to the river, and +said, ‘River, give me some water, for Partlet lies in the mountain, and +will be choked by a great nut.’ The river said, ‘Run first to the bride, +and ask her for a silken cord to draw up the water.’ Chanticleer ran to +the bride, and said, ‘Bride, you must give me a silken cord, for then +the river will give me water, and the water I will carry to Partlet, who +lies on the mountain, and will be choked by a great nut.’ But the bride +said, ‘Run first, and bring me my garland that is hanging on a willow +in the garden.’ Then Chanticleer ran to the garden, and took the garland +from the bough where it hung, and brought it to the bride; and then +the bride gave him the silken cord, and he took the silken cord to +the river, and the river gave him water, and he carried the water to +Partlet; but in the meantime she was choked by the great nut, and lay +quite dead, and never moved any more. + +Then Chanticleer was very sorry, and cried bitterly; and all the beasts +came and wept with him over poor Partlet. And six mice built a little +hearse to carry her to her grave; and when it was ready they harnessed +themselves before it, and Chanticleer drove them. On the way they +met the fox. ‘Where are you going, Chanticleer?’ said he. ‘To bury my +Partlet,’ said the other. ‘May I go with you?’ said the fox. ‘Yes; but +you must get up behind, or my horses will not be able to draw you.’ Then +the fox got up behind; and presently the wolf, the bear, the goat, and +all the beasts of the wood, came and climbed upon the hearse. + +So on they went till they came to a rapid stream. ‘How shall we get +over?’ said Chanticleer. Then said a straw, ‘I will lay myself across, +and you may pass over upon me.’ But as the mice were going over, the +straw slipped away and fell into the water, and the six mice all fell in +and were drowned. What was to be done? Then a large log of wood came +and said, ‘I am big enough; I will lay myself across the stream, and you +shall pass over upon me.’ So he laid himself down; but they managed +so clumsily, that the log of wood fell in and was carried away by the +stream. Then a stone, who saw what had happened, came up and kindly +offered to help poor Chanticleer by laying himself across the stream; +and this time he got safely to the other side with the hearse, and +managed to get Partlet out of it; but the fox and the other mourners, +who were sitting behind, were too heavy, and fell back into the water +and were all carried away by the stream and drowned. + +Thus Chanticleer was left alone with his dead Partlet; and having dug +a grave for her, he laid her in it, and made a little hillock over her. +Then he sat down by the grave, and wept and mourned, till at last he +died too; and so all were dead. + + + + +RAPUNZEL + + +There were once a man and a woman who had long in vain wished for a +child. At length the woman hoped that God was about to grant her desire. +These people had a little window at the back of their house from which +a splendid garden could be seen, which was full of the most beautiful +flowers and herbs. It was, however, surrounded by a high wall, and no +one dared to go into it because it belonged to an enchantress, who had +great power and was dreaded by all the world. One day the woman was +standing by this window and looking down into the garden, when she saw a +bed which was planted with the most beautiful rampion (rapunzel), and it +looked so fresh and green that she longed for it, she quite pined away, +and began to look pale and miserable. Then her husband was alarmed, and +asked: ‘What ails you, dear wife?’ ‘Ah,’ she replied, ‘if I can’t eat +some of the rampion, which is in the garden behind our house, I shall +die.’ The man, who loved her, thought: ‘Sooner than let your wife die, +bring her some of the rampion yourself, let it cost what it will.’ +At twilight, he clambered down over the wall into the garden of the +enchantress, hastily clutched a handful of rampion, and took it to his +wife. She at once made herself a salad of it, and ate it greedily. It +tasted so good to her--so very good, that the next day she longed for it +three times as much as before. If he was to have any rest, her husband +must once more descend into the garden. In the gloom of evening +therefore, he let himself down again; but when he had clambered down the +wall he was terribly afraid, for he saw the enchantress standing before +him. ‘How can you dare,’ said she with angry look, ‘descend into my +garden and steal my rampion like a thief? You shall suffer for it!’ +‘Ah,’ answered he, ‘let mercy take the place of justice, I only made +up my mind to do it out of necessity. My wife saw your rampion from the +window, and felt such a longing for it that she would have died if she +had not got some to eat.’ Then the enchantress allowed her anger to be +softened, and said to him: ‘If the case be as you say, I will allow +you to take away with you as much rampion as you will, only I make one +condition, you must give me the child which your wife will bring into +the world; it shall be well treated, and I will care for it like a +mother.’ The man in his terror consented to everything, and when the +woman was brought to bed, the enchantress appeared at once, gave the +child the name of Rapunzel, and took it away with her. + +Rapunzel grew into the most beautiful child under the sun. When she was +twelve years old, the enchantress shut her into a tower, which lay in +a forest, and had neither stairs nor door, but quite at the top was a +little window. When the enchantress wanted to go in, she placed herself +beneath it and cried: + + ‘Rapunzel, Rapunzel, + Let down your hair to me.’ + +Rapunzel had magnificent long hair, fine as spun gold, and when she +heard the voice of the enchantress she unfastened her braided tresses, +wound them round one of the hooks of the window above, and then the hair +fell twenty ells down, and the enchantress climbed up by it. + +After a year or two, it came to pass that the king’s son rode through +the forest and passed by the tower. Then he heard a song, which was so +charming that he stood still and listened. This was Rapunzel, who in her +solitude passed her time in letting her sweet voice resound. The king’s +son wanted to climb up to her, and looked for the door of the tower, +but none was to be found. He rode home, but the singing had so deeply +touched his heart, that every day he went out into the forest and +listened to it. Once when he was thus standing behind a tree, he saw +that an enchantress came there, and he heard how she cried: + + ‘Rapunzel, Rapunzel, + Let down your hair to me.’ + +Then Rapunzel let down the braids of her hair, and the enchantress +climbed up to her. ‘If that is the ladder by which one mounts, I too +will try my fortune,’ said he, and the next day when it began to grow +dark, he went to the tower and cried: + + ‘Rapunzel, Rapunzel, + Let down your hair to me.’ + +Immediately the hair fell down and the king’s son climbed up. + +At first Rapunzel was terribly frightened when a man, such as her eyes +had never yet beheld, came to her; but the king’s son began to talk to +her quite like a friend, and told her that his heart had been so stirred +that it had let him have no rest, and he had been forced to see her. +Then Rapunzel lost her fear, and when he asked her if she would take +him for her husband, and she saw that he was young and handsome, she +thought: ‘He will love me more than old Dame Gothel does’; and she said +yes, and laid her hand in his. She said: ‘I will willingly go away with +you, but I do not know how to get down. Bring with you a skein of silk +every time that you come, and I will weave a ladder with it, and when +that is ready I will descend, and you will take me on your horse.’ They +agreed that until that time he should come to her every evening, for the +old woman came by day. The enchantress remarked nothing of this, until +once Rapunzel said to her: ‘Tell me, Dame Gothel, how it happens that +you are so much heavier for me to draw up than the young king’s son--he +is with me in a moment.’ ‘Ah! you wicked child,’ cried the enchantress. +‘What do I hear you say! I thought I had separated you from all +the world, and yet you have deceived me!’ In her anger she clutched +Rapunzel’s beautiful tresses, wrapped them twice round her left hand, +seized a pair of scissors with the right, and snip, snap, they were cut +off, and the lovely braids lay on the ground. And she was so pitiless +that she took poor Rapunzel into a desert where she had to live in great +grief and misery. + +On the same day that she cast out Rapunzel, however, the enchantress +fastened the braids of hair, which she had cut off, to the hook of the +window, and when the king’s son came and cried: + + ‘Rapunzel, Rapunzel, + Let down your hair to me.’ + +she let the hair down. The king’s son ascended, but instead of finding +his dearest Rapunzel, he found the enchantress, who gazed at him with +wicked and venomous looks. ‘Aha!’ she cried mockingly, ‘you would fetch +your dearest, but the beautiful bird sits no longer singing in the nest; +the cat has got it, and will scratch out your eyes as well. Rapunzel is +lost to you; you will never see her again.’ The king’s son was beside +himself with pain, and in his despair he leapt down from the tower. He +escaped with his life, but the thorns into which he fell pierced his +eyes. Then he wandered quite blind about the forest, ate nothing but +roots and berries, and did naught but lament and weep over the loss of +his dearest wife. Thus he roamed about in misery for some years, and at +length came to the desert where Rapunzel, with the twins to which she +had given birth, a boy and a girl, lived in wretchedness. He heard a +voice, and it seemed so familiar to him that he went towards it, and +when he approached, Rapunzel knew him and fell on his neck and wept. Two +of her tears wetted his eyes and they grew clear again, and he could +see with them as before. He led her to his kingdom where he was +joyfully received, and they lived for a long time afterwards, happy and +contented. + + + + +FUNDEVOGEL + + +There was once a forester who went into the forest to hunt, and as +he entered it he heard a sound of screaming as if a little child were +there. He followed the sound, and at last came to a high tree, and at +the top of this a little child was sitting, for the mother had fallen +asleep under the tree with the child, and a bird of prey had seen it in +her arms, had flown down, snatched it away, and set it on the high tree. + +The forester climbed up, brought the child down, and thought to himself: +‘You will take him home with you, and bring him up with your Lina.’ He +took it home, therefore, and the two children grew up together. And the +one, which he had found on a tree was called Fundevogel, because a bird +had carried it away. Fundevogel and Lina loved each other so dearly that +when they did not see each other they were sad. + +Now the forester had an old cook, who one evening took two pails and +began to fetch water, and did not go once only, but many times, out +to the spring. Lina saw this and said, ‘Listen, old Sanna, why are you +fetching so much water?’ ‘If you will never repeat it to anyone, I will +tell you why.’ So Lina said, no, she would never repeat it to anyone, +and then the cook said: ‘Early tomorrow morning, when the forester +is out hunting, I will heat the water, and when it is boiling in the +kettle, I will throw in Fundevogel, and will boil him in it.’ + +Early next morning the forester got up and went out hunting, and when he +was gone the children were still in bed. Then Lina said to Fundevogel: +‘If you will never leave me, I too will never leave you.’ Fundevogel +said: ‘Neither now, nor ever will I leave you.’ Then said Lina: ‘Then +will I tell you. Last night, old Sanna carried so many buckets of water +into the house that I asked her why she was doing that, and she said +that if I would promise not to tell anyone, and she said that early +tomorrow morning when father was out hunting, she would set the kettle +full of water, throw you into it and boil you; but we will get up +quickly, dress ourselves, and go away together.’ + +The two children therefore got up, dressed themselves quickly, and went +away. When the water in the kettle was boiling, the cook went into the +bedroom to fetch Fundevogel and throw him into it. But when she came in, +and went to the beds, both the children were gone. Then she was terribly +alarmed, and she said to herself: ‘What shall I say now when the +forester comes home and sees that the children are gone? They must be +followed instantly to get them back again.’ + +Then the cook sent three servants after them, who were to run and +overtake the children. The children, however, were sitting outside the +forest, and when they saw from afar the three servants running, Lina +said to Fundevogel: ‘Never leave me, and I will never leave you.’ +Fundevogel said: ‘Neither now, nor ever.’ Then said Lina: ‘Do you become +a rose-tree, and I the rose upon it.’ When the three servants came to +the forest, nothing was there but a rose-tree and one rose on it, but +the children were nowhere. Then said they: ‘There is nothing to be done +here,’ and they went home and told the cook that they had seen nothing +in the forest but a little rose-bush with one rose on it. Then the +old cook scolded and said: ‘You simpletons, you should have cut the +rose-bush in two, and have broken off the rose and brought it home with +you; go, and do it at once.’ They had therefore to go out and look for +the second time. The children, however, saw them coming from a distance. +Then Lina said: ‘Fundevogel, never leave me, and I will never leave +you.’ Fundevogel said: ‘Neither now; nor ever.’ Said Lina: ‘Then do you +become a church, and I’ll be the chandelier in it.’ So when the three +servants came, nothing was there but a church, with a chandelier in +it. They said therefore to each other: ‘What can we do here, let us go +home.’ When they got home, the cook asked if they had not found them; +so they said no, they had found nothing but a church, and there was a +chandelier in it. And the cook scolded them and said: ‘You fools! why +did you not pull the church to pieces, and bring the chandelier home +with you?’ And now the old cook herself got on her legs, and went with +the three servants in pursuit of the children. The children, however, +saw from afar that the three servants were coming, and the cook waddling +after them. Then said Lina: ‘Fundevogel, never leave me, and I will +never leave you.’ Then said Fundevogel: ‘Neither now, nor ever.’ +Said Lina: ‘Be a fishpond, and I will be the duck upon it.’ The cook, +however, came up to them, and when she saw the pond she lay down by it, +and was about to drink it up. But the duck swam quickly to her, seized +her head in its beak and drew her into the water, and there the old +witch had to drown. Then the children went home together, and were +heartily delighted, and if they have not died, they are living still. + + + + +THE VALIANT LITTLE TAILOR + + +One summer’s morning a little tailor was sitting on his table by the +window; he was in good spirits, and sewed with all his might. Then came +a peasant woman down the street crying: ‘Good jams, cheap! Good jams, +cheap!’ This rang pleasantly in the tailor’s ears; he stretched his +delicate head out of the window, and called: ‘Come up here, dear woman; +here you will get rid of your goods.’ The woman came up the three steps +to the tailor with her heavy basket, and he made her unpack all the pots +for him. He inspected each one, lifted it up, put his nose to it, and +at length said: ‘The jam seems to me to be good, so weigh me out four +ounces, dear woman, and if it is a quarter of a pound that is of no +consequence.’ The woman who had hoped to find a good sale, gave him +what he desired, but went away quite angry and grumbling. ‘Now, this jam +shall be blessed by God,’ cried the little tailor, ‘and give me health +and strength’; so he brought the bread out of the cupboard, cut himself +a piece right across the loaf and spread the jam over it. ‘This won’t +taste bitter,’ said he, ‘but I will just finish the jacket before I +take a bite.’ He laid the bread near him, sewed on, and in his joy, made +bigger and bigger stitches. In the meantime the smell of the sweet jam +rose to where the flies were sitting in great numbers, and they were +attracted and descended on it in hosts. ‘Hi! who invited you?’ said the +little tailor, and drove the unbidden guests away. The flies, however, +who understood no German, would not be turned away, but came back +again in ever-increasing companies. The little tailor at last lost all +patience, and drew a piece of cloth from the hole under his work-table, +and saying: ‘Wait, and I will give it to you,’ struck it mercilessly on +them. When he drew it away and counted, there lay before him no fewer +than seven, dead and with legs stretched out. ‘Are you a fellow of that +sort?’ said he, and could not help admiring his own bravery. ‘The whole +town shall know of this!’ And the little tailor hastened to cut himself +a girdle, stitched it, and embroidered on it in large letters: ‘Seven at +one stroke!’ ‘What, the town!’ he continued, ‘the whole world shall hear +of it!’ and his heart wagged with joy like a lamb’s tail. The tailor +put on the girdle, and resolved to go forth into the world, because he +thought his workshop was too small for his valour. Before he went away, +he sought about in the house to see if there was anything which he could +take with him; however, he found nothing but an old cheese, and that +he put in his pocket. In front of the door he observed a bird which +had caught itself in the thicket. It had to go into his pocket with the +cheese. Now he took to the road boldly, and as he was light and nimble, +he felt no fatigue. The road led him up a mountain, and when he had +reached the highest point of it, there sat a powerful giant looking +peacefully about him. The little tailor went bravely up, spoke to him, +and said: ‘Good day, comrade, so you are sitting there overlooking the +wide-spread world! I am just on my way thither, and want to try my luck. +Have you any inclination to go with me?’ The giant looked contemptuously +at the tailor, and said: ‘You ragamuffin! You miserable creature!’ + +‘Oh, indeed?’ answered the little tailor, and unbuttoned his coat, and +showed the giant the girdle, ‘there may you read what kind of a man I +am!’ The giant read: ‘Seven at one stroke,’ and thought that they had +been men whom the tailor had killed, and began to feel a little respect +for the tiny fellow. Nevertheless, he wished to try him first, and took +a stone in his hand and squeezed it together so that water dropped out +of it. ‘Do that likewise,’ said the giant, ‘if you have strength.’ ‘Is +that all?’ said the tailor, ‘that is child’s play with us!’ and put his +hand into his pocket, brought out the soft cheese, and pressed it until +the liquid ran out of it. ‘Faith,’ said he, ‘that was a little better, +wasn’t it?’ The giant did not know what to say, and could not believe it +of the little man. Then the giant picked up a stone and threw it so high +that the eye could scarcely follow it. ‘Now, little mite of a man, do +that likewise,’ ‘Well thrown,’ said the tailor, ‘but after all the stone +came down to earth again; I will throw you one which shall never come +back at all,’ and he put his hand into his pocket, took out the bird, +and threw it into the air. The bird, delighted with its liberty, +rose, flew away and did not come back. ‘How does that shot please you, +comrade?’ asked the tailor. ‘You can certainly throw,’ said the giant, +‘but now we will see if you are able to carry anything properly.’ He +took the little tailor to a mighty oak tree which lay there felled on +the ground, and said: ‘If you are strong enough, help me to carry the +tree out of the forest.’ ‘Readily,’ answered the little man; ‘take you +the trunk on your shoulders, and I will raise up the branches and twigs; +after all, they are the heaviest.’ The giant took the trunk on his +shoulder, but the tailor seated himself on a branch, and the giant, who +could not look round, had to carry away the whole tree, and the little +tailor into the bargain: he behind, was quite merry and happy, and +whistled the song: ‘Three tailors rode forth from the gate,’ as if +carrying the tree were child’s play. The giant, after he had dragged the +heavy burden part of the way, could go no further, and cried: ‘Hark +you, I shall have to let the tree fall!’ The tailor sprang nimbly down, +seized the tree with both arms as if he had been carrying it, and said +to the giant: ‘You are such a great fellow, and yet cannot even carry +the tree!’ + +They went on together, and as they passed a cherry-tree, the giant laid +hold of the top of the tree where the ripest fruit was hanging, bent it +down, gave it into the tailor’s hand, and bade him eat. But the little +tailor was much too weak to hold the tree, and when the giant let it go, +it sprang back again, and the tailor was tossed into the air with it. +When he had fallen down again without injury, the giant said: ‘What is +this? Have you not strength enough to hold the weak twig?’ ‘There is no +lack of strength,’ answered the little tailor. ‘Do you think that could +be anything to a man who has struck down seven at one blow? I leapt over +the tree because the huntsmen are shooting down there in the thicket. +Jump as I did, if you can do it.’ The giant made the attempt but he +could not get over the tree, and remained hanging in the branches, so +that in this also the tailor kept the upper hand. + +The giant said: ‘If you are such a valiant fellow, come with me into our +cavern and spend the night with us.’ The little tailor was willing, and +followed him. When they went into the cave, other giants were sitting +there by the fire, and each of them had a roasted sheep in his hand and +was eating it. The little tailor looked round and thought: ‘It is much +more spacious here than in my workshop.’ The giant showed him a bed, and +said he was to lie down in it and sleep. The bed, however, was too +big for the little tailor; he did not lie down in it, but crept into +a corner. When it was midnight, and the giant thought that the little +tailor was lying in a sound sleep, he got up, took a great iron bar, +cut through the bed with one blow, and thought he had finished off the +grasshopper for good. With the earliest dawn the giants went into the +forest, and had quite forgotten the little tailor, when all at once he +walked up to them quite merrily and boldly. The giants were terrified, +they were afraid that he would strike them all dead, and ran away in a +great hurry. + +The little tailor went onwards, always following his own pointed nose. +After he had walked for a long time, he came to the courtyard of a royal +palace, and as he felt weary, he lay down on the grass and fell asleep. +Whilst he lay there, the people came and inspected him on all sides, and +read on his girdle: ‘Seven at one stroke.’ ‘Ah!’ said they, ‘what does +the great warrior want here in the midst of peace? He must be a mighty +lord.’ They went and announced him to the king, and gave it as their +opinion that if war should break out, this would be a weighty and useful +man who ought on no account to be allowed to depart. The counsel pleased +the king, and he sent one of his courtiers to the little tailor to offer +him military service when he awoke. The ambassador remained standing by +the sleeper, waited until he stretched his limbs and opened his eyes, +and then conveyed to him this proposal. ‘For this very reason have +I come here,’ the tailor replied, ‘I am ready to enter the king’s +service.’ He was therefore honourably received, and a special dwelling +was assigned him. + +The soldiers, however, were set against the little tailor, and wished +him a thousand miles away. ‘What is to be the end of this?’ they said +among themselves. ‘If we quarrel with him, and he strikes about him, +seven of us will fall at every blow; not one of us can stand against +him.’ They came therefore to a decision, betook themselves in a body to +the king, and begged for their dismissal. ‘We are not prepared,’ said +they, ‘to stay with a man who kills seven at one stroke.’ The king was +sorry that for the sake of one he should lose all his faithful servants, +wished that he had never set eyes on the tailor, and would willingly +have been rid of him again. But he did not venture to give him his +dismissal, for he dreaded lest he should strike him and all his people +dead, and place himself on the royal throne. He thought about it for a +long time, and at last found good counsel. He sent to the little tailor +and caused him to be informed that as he was a great warrior, he had one +request to make to him. In a forest of his country lived two giants, +who caused great mischief with their robbing, murdering, ravaging, +and burning, and no one could approach them without putting himself in +danger of death. If the tailor conquered and killed these two giants, he +would give him his only daughter to wife, and half of his kingdom as a +dowry, likewise one hundred horsemen should go with him to assist him. +‘That would indeed be a fine thing for a man like me!’ thought the +little tailor. ‘One is not offered a beautiful princess and half a +kingdom every day of one’s life!’ ‘Oh, yes,’ he replied, ‘I will soon +subdue the giants, and do not require the help of the hundred horsemen +to do it; he who can hit seven with one blow has no need to be afraid of +two.’ + +The little tailor went forth, and the hundred horsemen followed him. +When he came to the outskirts of the forest, he said to his followers: +‘Just stay waiting here, I alone will soon finish off the giants.’ Then +he bounded into the forest and looked about right and left. After a +while he perceived both giants. They lay sleeping under a tree, and +snored so that the branches waved up and down. The little tailor, not +idle, gathered two pocketsful of stones, and with these climbed up the +tree. When he was halfway up, he slipped down by a branch, until he sat +just above the sleepers, and then let one stone after another fall on +the breast of one of the giants. For a long time the giant felt nothing, +but at last he awoke, pushed his comrade, and said: ‘Why are you +knocking me?’ ‘You must be dreaming,’ said the other, ‘I am not knocking +you.’ They laid themselves down to sleep again, and then the tailor +threw a stone down on the second. ‘What is the meaning of this?’ cried +the other ‘Why are you pelting me?’ ‘I am not pelting you,’ answered +the first, growling. They disputed about it for a time, but as they were +weary they let the matter rest, and their eyes closed once more. The +little tailor began his game again, picked out the biggest stone, and +threw it with all his might on the breast of the first giant. ‘That +is too bad!’ cried he, and sprang up like a madman, and pushed his +companion against the tree until it shook. The other paid him back in +the same coin, and they got into such a rage that they tore up trees and +belaboured each other so long, that at last they both fell down dead on +the ground at the same time. Then the little tailor leapt down. ‘It is +a lucky thing,’ said he, ‘that they did not tear up the tree on which +I was sitting, or I should have had to sprint on to another like a +squirrel; but we tailors are nimble.’ He drew out his sword and gave +each of them a couple of thrusts in the breast, and then went out to the +horsemen and said: ‘The work is done; I have finished both of them +off, but it was hard work! They tore up trees in their sore need, and +defended themselves with them, but all that is to no purpose when a man +like myself comes, who can kill seven at one blow.’ ‘But are you not +wounded?’ asked the horsemen. ‘You need not concern yourself about +that,’ answered the tailor, ‘they have not bent one hair of mine.’ The +horsemen would not believe him, and rode into the forest; there they +found the giants swimming in their blood, and all round about lay the +torn-up trees. + +The little tailor demanded of the king the promised reward; he, however, +repented of his promise, and again bethought himself how he could get +rid of the hero. ‘Before you receive my daughter, and the half of my +kingdom,’ said he to him, ‘you must perform one more heroic deed. In +the forest roams a unicorn which does great harm, and you must catch +it first.’ ‘I fear one unicorn still less than two giants. Seven at one +blow, is my kind of affair.’ He took a rope and an axe with him, went +forth into the forest, and again bade those who were sent with him to +wait outside. He had not long to seek. The unicorn soon came towards +him, and rushed directly on the tailor, as if it would gore him with its +horn without more ado. ‘Softly, softly; it can’t be done as quickly as +that,’ said he, and stood still and waited until the animal was quite +close, and then sprang nimbly behind the tree. The unicorn ran against +the tree with all its strength, and stuck its horn so fast in the trunk +that it had not the strength enough to draw it out again, and thus it +was caught. ‘Now, I have got the bird,’ said the tailor, and came out +from behind the tree and put the rope round its neck, and then with his +axe he hewed the horn out of the tree, and when all was ready he led the +beast away and took it to the king. + +The king still would not give him the promised reward, and made a third +demand. Before the wedding the tailor was to catch him a wild boar that +made great havoc in the forest, and the huntsmen should give him their +help. ‘Willingly,’ said the tailor, ‘that is child’s play!’ He did not +take the huntsmen with him into the forest, and they were well pleased +that he did not, for the wild boar had several times received them in +such a manner that they had no inclination to lie in wait for him. When +the boar perceived the tailor, it ran on him with foaming mouth and +whetted tusks, and was about to throw him to the ground, but the hero +fled and sprang into a chapel which was near and up to the window at +once, and in one bound out again. The boar ran after him, but the tailor +ran round outside and shut the door behind it, and then the raging +beast, which was much too heavy and awkward to leap out of the window, +was caught. The little tailor called the huntsmen thither that they +might see the prisoner with their own eyes. The hero, however, went to +the king, who was now, whether he liked it or not, obliged to keep his +promise, and gave his daughter and the half of his kingdom. Had he known +that it was no warlike hero, but a little tailor who was standing before +him, it would have gone to his heart still more than it did. The wedding +was held with great magnificence and small joy, and out of a tailor a +king was made. + +After some time the young queen heard her husband say in his dreams at +night: ‘Boy, make me the doublet, and patch the pantaloons, or else I +will rap the yard-measure over your ears.’ Then she discovered in what +state of life the young lord had been born, and next morning complained +of her wrongs to her father, and begged him to help her to get rid of +her husband, who was nothing else but a tailor. The king comforted her +and said: ‘Leave your bedroom door open this night, and my servants +shall stand outside, and when he has fallen asleep shall go in, bind +him, and take him on board a ship which shall carry him into the wide +world.’ The woman was satisfied with this; but the king’s armour-bearer, +who had heard all, was friendly with the young lord, and informed him of +the whole plot. ‘I’ll put a screw into that business,’ said the little +tailor. At night he went to bed with his wife at the usual time, and +when she thought that he had fallen asleep, she got up, opened the door, +and then lay down again. The little tailor, who was only pretending to +be asleep, began to cry out in a clear voice: ‘Boy, make me the doublet +and patch me the pantaloons, or I will rap the yard-measure over your +ears. I smote seven at one blow. I killed two giants, I brought away one +unicorn, and caught a wild boar, and am I to fear those who are standing +outside the room.’ When these men heard the tailor speaking thus, they +were overcome by a great dread, and ran as if the wild huntsman were +behind them, and none of them would venture anything further against +him. So the little tailor was and remained a king to the end of his +life. + + + + +HANSEL AND GRETEL + + +Hard by a great forest dwelt a poor wood-cutter with his wife and his +two children. The boy was called Hansel and the girl Gretel. He had +little to bite and to break, and once when great dearth fell on the +land, he could no longer procure even daily bread. Now when he thought +over this by night in his bed, and tossed about in his anxiety, he +groaned and said to his wife: ‘What is to become of us? How are we +to feed our poor children, when we no longer have anything even for +ourselves?’ ‘I’ll tell you what, husband,’ answered the woman, ‘early +tomorrow morning we will take the children out into the forest to where +it is the thickest; there we will light a fire for them, and give each +of them one more piece of bread, and then we will go to our work and +leave them alone. They will not find the way home again, and we shall be +rid of them.’ ‘No, wife,’ said the man, ‘I will not do that; how can I +bear to leave my children alone in the forest?--the wild animals would +soon come and tear them to pieces.’ ‘O, you fool!’ said she, ‘then we +must all four die of hunger, you may as well plane the planks for our +coffins,’ and she left him no peace until he consented. ‘But I feel very +sorry for the poor children, all the same,’ said the man. + +The two children had also not been able to sleep for hunger, and had +heard what their stepmother had said to their father. Gretel wept +bitter tears, and said to Hansel: ‘Now all is over with us.’ ‘Be quiet, +Gretel,’ said Hansel, ‘do not distress yourself, I will soon find a way +to help us.’ And when the old folks had fallen asleep, he got up, put +on his little coat, opened the door below, and crept outside. The moon +shone brightly, and the white pebbles which lay in front of the house +glittered like real silver pennies. Hansel stooped and stuffed the +little pocket of his coat with as many as he could get in. Then he went +back and said to Gretel: ‘Be comforted, dear little sister, and sleep in +peace, God will not forsake us,’ and he lay down again in his bed. When +day dawned, but before the sun had risen, the woman came and awoke the +two children, saying: ‘Get up, you sluggards! we are going into the +forest to fetch wood.’ She gave each a little piece of bread, and said: +‘There is something for your dinner, but do not eat it up before then, +for you will get nothing else.’ Gretel took the bread under her apron, +as Hansel had the pebbles in his pocket. Then they all set out together +on the way to the forest. When they had walked a short time, Hansel +stood still and peeped back at the house, and did so again and again. +His father said: ‘Hansel, what are you looking at there and staying +behind for? Pay attention, and do not forget how to use your legs.’ ‘Ah, +father,’ said Hansel, ‘I am looking at my little white cat, which is +sitting up on the roof, and wants to say goodbye to me.’ The wife said: +‘Fool, that is not your little cat, that is the morning sun which is +shining on the chimneys.’ Hansel, however, had not been looking back at +the cat, but had been constantly throwing one of the white pebble-stones +out of his pocket on the road. + +When they had reached the middle of the forest, the father said: ‘Now, +children, pile up some wood, and I will light a fire that you may not +be cold.’ Hansel and Gretel gathered brushwood together, as high as a +little hill. The brushwood was lighted, and when the flames were burning +very high, the woman said: ‘Now, children, lay yourselves down by the +fire and rest, we will go into the forest and cut some wood. When we +have done, we will come back and fetch you away.’ + +Hansel and Gretel sat by the fire, and when noon came, each ate a little +piece of bread, and as they heard the strokes of the wood-axe they +believed that their father was near. It was not the axe, however, but +a branch which he had fastened to a withered tree which the wind was +blowing backwards and forwards. And as they had been sitting such a long +time, their eyes closed with fatigue, and they fell fast asleep. When +at last they awoke, it was already dark night. Gretel began to cry and +said: ‘How are we to get out of the forest now?’ But Hansel comforted +her and said: ‘Just wait a little, until the moon has risen, and then we +will soon find the way.’ And when the full moon had risen, Hansel took +his little sister by the hand, and followed the pebbles which shone like +newly-coined silver pieces, and showed them the way. + +They walked the whole night long, and by break of day came once more +to their father’s house. They knocked at the door, and when the woman +opened it and saw that it was Hansel and Gretel, she said: ‘You naughty +children, why have you slept so long in the forest?--we thought you were +never coming back at all!’ The father, however, rejoiced, for it had cut +him to the heart to leave them behind alone. + +Not long afterwards, there was once more great dearth throughout the +land, and the children heard their mother saying at night to their +father: ‘Everything is eaten again, we have one half loaf left, and that +is the end. The children must go, we will take them farther into the +wood, so that they will not find their way out again; there is no other +means of saving ourselves!’ The man’s heart was heavy, and he thought: +‘It would be better for you to share the last mouthful with your +children.’ The woman, however, would listen to nothing that he had to +say, but scolded and reproached him. He who says A must say B, likewise, +and as he had yielded the first time, he had to do so a second time +also. + +The children, however, were still awake and had heard the conversation. +When the old folks were asleep, Hansel again got up, and wanted to go +out and pick up pebbles as he had done before, but the woman had locked +the door, and Hansel could not get out. Nevertheless he comforted his +little sister, and said: ‘Do not cry, Gretel, go to sleep quietly, the +good God will help us.’ + +Early in the morning came the woman, and took the children out of their +beds. Their piece of bread was given to them, but it was still smaller +than the time before. On the way into the forest Hansel crumbled his +in his pocket, and often stood still and threw a morsel on the ground. +‘Hansel, why do you stop and look round?’ said the father, ‘go on.’ ‘I +am looking back at my little pigeon which is sitting on the roof, and +wants to say goodbye to me,’ answered Hansel. ‘Fool!’ said the woman, +‘that is not your little pigeon, that is the morning sun that is shining +on the chimney.’ Hansel, however little by little, threw all the crumbs +on the path. + +The woman led the children still deeper into the forest, where they had +never in their lives been before. Then a great fire was again made, and +the mother said: ‘Just sit there, you children, and when you are tired +you may sleep a little; we are going into the forest to cut wood, and in +the evening when we are done, we will come and fetch you away.’ When +it was noon, Gretel shared her piece of bread with Hansel, who had +scattered his by the way. Then they fell asleep and evening passed, but +no one came to the poor children. They did not awake until it was dark +night, and Hansel comforted his little sister and said: ‘Just wait, +Gretel, until the moon rises, and then we shall see the crumbs of bread +which I have strewn about, they will show us our way home again.’ When +the moon came they set out, but they found no crumbs, for the many +thousands of birds which fly about in the woods and fields had picked +them all up. Hansel said to Gretel: ‘We shall soon find the way,’ but +they did not find it. They walked the whole night and all the next day +too from morning till evening, but they did not get out of the forest, +and were very hungry, for they had nothing to eat but two or three +berries, which grew on the ground. And as they were so weary that their +legs would carry them no longer, they lay down beneath a tree and fell +asleep. + +It was now three mornings since they had left their father’s house. They +began to walk again, but they always came deeper into the forest, and if +help did not come soon, they must die of hunger and weariness. When it +was mid-day, they saw a beautiful snow-white bird sitting on a bough, +which sang so delightfully that they stood still and listened to it. And +when its song was over, it spread its wings and flew away before them, +and they followed it until they reached a little house, on the roof of +which it alighted; and when they approached the little house they saw +that it was built of bread and covered with cakes, but that the windows +were of clear sugar. ‘We will set to work on that,’ said Hansel, ‘and +have a good meal. I will eat a bit of the roof, and you Gretel, can eat +some of the window, it will taste sweet.’ Hansel reached up above, and +broke off a little of the roof to try how it tasted, and Gretel leant +against the window and nibbled at the panes. Then a soft voice cried +from the parlour: + + ‘Nibble, nibble, gnaw, + Who is nibbling at my little house?’ + +The children answered: + + ‘The wind, the wind, + The heaven-born wind,’ + +and went on eating without disturbing themselves. Hansel, who liked the +taste of the roof, tore down a great piece of it, and Gretel pushed out +the whole of one round window-pane, sat down, and enjoyed herself with +it. Suddenly the door opened, and a woman as old as the hills, who +supported herself on crutches, came creeping out. Hansel and Gretel were +so terribly frightened that they let fall what they had in their +hands. The old woman, however, nodded her head, and said: ‘Oh, you dear +children, who has brought you here? do come in, and stay with me. No +harm shall happen to you.’ She took them both by the hand, and led them +into her little house. Then good food was set before them, milk and +pancakes, with sugar, apples, and nuts. Afterwards two pretty little +beds were covered with clean white linen, and Hansel and Gretel lay down +in them, and thought they were in heaven. + +The old woman had only pretended to be so kind; she was in reality +a wicked witch, who lay in wait for children, and had only built the +little house of bread in order to entice them there. When a child fell +into her power, she killed it, cooked and ate it, and that was a feast +day with her. Witches have red eyes, and cannot see far, but they have +a keen scent like the beasts, and are aware when human beings draw near. +When Hansel and Gretel came into her neighbourhood, she laughed with +malice, and said mockingly: ‘I have them, they shall not escape me +again!’ Early in the morning before the children were awake, she was +already up, and when she saw both of them sleeping and looking so +pretty, with their plump and rosy cheeks she muttered to herself: ‘That +will be a dainty mouthful!’ Then she seized Hansel with her shrivelled +hand, carried him into a little stable, and locked him in behind a +grated door. Scream as he might, it would not help him. Then she went to +Gretel, shook her till she awoke, and cried: ‘Get up, lazy thing, fetch +some water, and cook something good for your brother, he is in the +stable outside, and is to be made fat. When he is fat, I will eat him.’ +Gretel began to weep bitterly, but it was all in vain, for she was +forced to do what the wicked witch commanded. + +And now the best food was cooked for poor Hansel, but Gretel got nothing +but crab-shells. Every morning the woman crept to the little stable, and +cried: ‘Hansel, stretch out your finger that I may feel if you will soon +be fat.’ Hansel, however, stretched out a little bone to her, and +the old woman, who had dim eyes, could not see it, and thought it was +Hansel’s finger, and was astonished that there was no way of fattening +him. When four weeks had gone by, and Hansel still remained thin, she +was seized with impatience and would not wait any longer. ‘Now, then, +Gretel,’ she cried to the girl, ‘stir yourself, and bring some water. +Let Hansel be fat or lean, tomorrow I will kill him, and cook him.’ Ah, +how the poor little sister did lament when she had to fetch the water, +and how her tears did flow down her cheeks! ‘Dear God, do help us,’ she +cried. ‘If the wild beasts in the forest had but devoured us, we should +at any rate have died together.’ ‘Just keep your noise to yourself,’ +said the old woman, ‘it won’t help you at all.’ + +Early in the morning, Gretel had to go out and hang up the cauldron with +the water, and light the fire. ‘We will bake first,’ said the old woman, +‘I have already heated the oven, and kneaded the dough.’ She pushed poor +Gretel out to the oven, from which flames of fire were already darting. +‘Creep in,’ said the witch, ‘and see if it is properly heated, so that +we can put the bread in.’ And once Gretel was inside, she intended to +shut the oven and let her bake in it, and then she would eat her, too. +But Gretel saw what she had in mind, and said: ‘I do not know how I am +to do it; how do I get in?’ ‘Silly goose,’ said the old woman. ‘The door +is big enough; just look, I can get in myself!’ and she crept up and +thrust her head into the oven. Then Gretel gave her a push that drove +her far into it, and shut the iron door, and fastened the bolt. Oh! then +she began to howl quite horribly, but Gretel ran away and the godless +witch was miserably burnt to death. + +Gretel, however, ran like lightning to Hansel, opened his little stable, +and cried: ‘Hansel, we are saved! The old witch is dead!’ Then Hansel +sprang like a bird from its cage when the door is opened. How they did +rejoice and embrace each other, and dance about and kiss each other! And +as they had no longer any need to fear her, they went into the witch’s +house, and in every corner there stood chests full of pearls and jewels. +‘These are far better than pebbles!’ said Hansel, and thrust into his +pockets whatever could be got in, and Gretel said: ‘I, too, will take +something home with me,’ and filled her pinafore full. ‘But now we must +be off,’ said Hansel, ‘that we may get out of the witch’s forest.’ + +When they had walked for two hours, they came to a great stretch of +water. ‘We cannot cross,’ said Hansel, ‘I see no foot-plank, and no +bridge.’ ‘And there is also no ferry,’ answered Gretel, ‘but a white +duck is swimming there: if I ask her, she will help us over.’ Then she +cried: + + ‘Little duck, little duck, dost thou see, + Hansel and Gretel are waiting for thee? + There’s never a plank, or bridge in sight, + Take us across on thy back so white.’ + +The duck came to them, and Hansel seated himself on its back, and told +his sister to sit by him. ‘No,’ replied Gretel, ‘that will be too heavy +for the little duck; she shall take us across, one after the other.’ The +good little duck did so, and when they were once safely across and had +walked for a short time, the forest seemed to be more and more familiar +to them, and at length they saw from afar their father’s house. Then +they began to run, rushed into the parlour, and threw themselves round +their father’s neck. The man had not known one happy hour since he had +left the children in the forest; the woman, however, was dead. Gretel +emptied her pinafore until pearls and precious stones ran about the +room, and Hansel threw one handful after another out of his pocket to +add to them. Then all anxiety was at an end, and they lived together +in perfect happiness. My tale is done, there runs a mouse; whosoever +catches it, may make himself a big fur cap out of it. + + + + +THE MOUSE, THE BIRD, AND THE SAUSAGE + + +Once upon a time, a mouse, a bird, and a sausage, entered into +partnership and set up house together. For a long time all went well; +they lived in great comfort, and prospered so far as to be able to add +considerably to their stores. The bird’s duty was to fly daily into the +wood and bring in fuel; the mouse fetched the water, and the sausage saw +to the cooking. + +When people are too well off they always begin to long for something +new. And so it came to pass, that the bird, while out one day, met a +fellow bird, to whom he boastfully expatiated on the excellence of his +household arrangements. But the other bird sneered at him for being a +poor simpleton, who did all the hard work, while the other two stayed +at home and had a good time of it. For, when the mouse had made the fire +and fetched in the water, she could retire into her little room and rest +until it was time to set the table. The sausage had only to watch the +pot to see that the food was properly cooked, and when it was near +dinner-time, he just threw himself into the broth, or rolled in and out +among the vegetables three or four times, and there they were, buttered, +and salted, and ready to be served. Then, when the bird came home and +had laid aside his burden, they sat down to table, and when they had +finished their meal, they could sleep their fill till the following +morning: and that was really a very delightful life. + +Influenced by those remarks, the bird next morning refused to bring in +the wood, telling the others that he had been their servant long enough, +and had been a fool into the bargain, and that it was now time to make a +change, and to try some other way of arranging the work. Beg and pray +as the mouse and the sausage might, it was of no use; the bird remained +master of the situation, and the venture had to be made. They therefore +drew lots, and it fell to the sausage to bring in the wood, to the mouse +to cook, and to the bird to fetch the water. + +And now what happened? The sausage started in search of wood, the bird +made the fire, and the mouse put on the pot, and then these two waited +till the sausage returned with the fuel for the following day. But the +sausage remained so long away, that they became uneasy, and the bird +flew out to meet him. He had not flown far, however, when he came across +a dog who, having met the sausage, had regarded him as his legitimate +booty, and so seized and swallowed him. The bird complained to the dog +of this bare-faced robbery, but nothing he said was of any avail, for +the dog answered that he found false credentials on the sausage, and +that was the reason his life had been forfeited. + +He picked up the wood, and flew sadly home, and told the mouse all he +had seen and heard. They were both very unhappy, but agreed to make the +best of things and to remain with one another. + +So now the bird set the table, and the mouse looked after the food and, +wishing to prepare it in the same way as the sausage, by rolling in and +out among the vegetables to salt and butter them, she jumped into the +pot; but she stopped short long before she reached the bottom, having +already parted not only with her skin and hair, but also with life. + +Presently the bird came in and wanted to serve up the dinner, but he +could nowhere see the cook. In his alarm and flurry, he threw the wood +here and there about the floor, called and searched, but no cook was to +be found. Then some of the wood that had been carelessly thrown down, +caught fire and began to blaze. The bird hastened to fetch some water, +but his pail fell into the well, and he after it, and as he was unable +to recover himself, he was drowned. + + + + +MOTHER HOLLE + + +Once upon a time there was a widow who had two daughters; one of them +was beautiful and industrious, the other ugly and lazy. The mother, +however, loved the ugly and lazy one best, because she was her own +daughter, and so the other, who was only her stepdaughter, was made +to do all the work of the house, and was quite the Cinderella of the +family. Her stepmother sent her out every day to sit by the well in +the high road, there to spin until she made her fingers bleed. Now it +chanced one day that some blood fell on to the spindle, and as the girl +stopped over the well to wash it off, the spindle suddenly sprang out +of her hand and fell into the well. She ran home crying to tell of her +misfortune, but her stepmother spoke harshly to her, and after giving +her a violent scolding, said unkindly, ‘As you have let the spindle fall +into the well you may go yourself and fetch it out.’ + +The girl went back to the well not knowing what to do, and at last in +her distress she jumped into the water after the spindle. + +She remembered nothing more until she awoke and found herself in a +beautiful meadow, full of sunshine, and with countless flowers blooming +in every direction. + +She walked over the meadow, and presently she came upon a baker’s oven +full of bread, and the loaves cried out to her, ‘Take us out, take us +out, or alas! we shall be burnt to a cinder; we were baked through long +ago.’ So she took the bread-shovel and drew them all out. + +She went on a little farther, till she came to a tree full of apples. +‘Shake me, shake me, I pray,’ cried the tree; ‘my apples, one and all, +are ripe.’ So she shook the tree, and the apples came falling down upon +her like rain; but she continued shaking until there was not a single +apple left upon it. Then she carefully gathered the apples together in a +heap and walked on again. + +The next thing she came to was a little house, and there she saw an old +woman looking out, with such large teeth, that she was terrified, and +turned to run away. But the old woman called after her, ‘What are you +afraid of, dear child? Stay with me; if you will do the work of my house +properly for me, I will make you very happy. You must be very careful, +however, to make my bed in the right way, for I wish you always to shake +it thoroughly, so that the feathers fly about; then they say, down there +in the world, that it is snowing; for I am Mother Holle.’ The old woman +spoke so kindly, that the girl summoned up courage and agreed to enter +into her service. + +She took care to do everything according to the old woman’s bidding and +every time she made the bed she shook it with all her might, so that the +feathers flew about like so many snowflakes. The old woman was as good +as her word: she never spoke angrily to her, and gave her roast and +boiled meats every day. + +So she stayed on with Mother Holle for some time, and then she began +to grow unhappy. She could not at first tell why she felt sad, but she +became conscious at last of great longing to go home; then she knew she +was homesick, although she was a thousand times better off with Mother +Holle than with her mother and sister. After waiting awhile, she went +to Mother Holle and said, ‘I am so homesick, that I cannot stay with +you any longer, for although I am so happy here, I must return to my own +people.’ + +Then Mother Holle said, ‘I am pleased that you should want to go back +to your own people, and as you have served me so well and faithfully, I +will take you home myself.’ + +Thereupon she led the girl by the hand up to a broad gateway. The gate +was opened, and as the girl passed through, a shower of gold fell upon +her, and the gold clung to her, so that she was covered with it from +head to foot. + +‘That is a reward for your industry,’ said Mother Holle, and as she +spoke she handed her the spindle which she had dropped into the well. + +The gate was then closed, and the girl found herself back in the old +world close to her mother’s house. As she entered the courtyard, the +cock who was perched on the well, called out: + + ‘Cock-a-doodle-doo! + Your golden daughter’s come back to you.’ + +Then she went in to her mother and sister, and as she was so richly +covered with gold, they gave her a warm welcome. She related to them +all that had happened, and when the mother heard how she had come by her +great riches, she thought she should like her ugly, lazy daughter to go +and try her fortune. So she made the sister go and sit by the well +and spin, and the girl pricked her finger and thrust her hand into a +thorn-bush, so that she might drop some blood on to the spindle; then +she threw it into the well, and jumped in herself. + +Like her sister she awoke in the beautiful meadow, and walked over it +till she came to the oven. ‘Take us out, take us out, or alas! we shall +be burnt to a cinder; we were baked through long ago,’ cried the loaves +as before. But the lazy girl answered, ‘Do you think I am going to dirty +my hands for you?’ and walked on. + +Presently she came to the apple-tree. ‘Shake me, shake me, I pray; my +apples, one and all, are ripe,’ it cried. But she only answered, ‘A nice +thing to ask me to do, one of the apples might fall on my head,’ and +passed on. + +At last she came to Mother Holle’s house, and as she had heard all about +the large teeth from her sister, she was not afraid of them, and engaged +herself without delay to the old woman. + +The first day she was very obedient and industrious, and exerted herself +to please Mother Holle, for she thought of the gold she should get in +return. The next day, however, she began to dawdle over her work, and +the third day she was more idle still; then she began to lie in bed in +the mornings and refused to get up. Worse still, she neglected to +make the old woman’s bed properly, and forgot to shake it so that the +feathers might fly about. So Mother Holle very soon got tired of her, +and told her she might go. The lazy girl was delighted at this, and +thought to herself, ‘The gold will soon be mine.’ Mother Holle led her, +as she had led her sister, to the broad gateway; but as she was passing +through, instead of the shower of gold, a great bucketful of pitch came +pouring over her. + +‘That is in return for your services,’ said the old woman, and she shut +the gate. + +So the lazy girl had to go home covered with pitch, and the cock on the +well called out as she saw her: + + ‘Cock-a-doodle-doo! + Your dirty daughter’s come back to you.’ + +But, try what she would, she could not get the pitch off and it stuck to +her as long as she lived. + + + + +LITTLE RED-CAP [LITTLE RED RIDING HOOD] + + +Once upon a time there was a dear little girl who was loved by everyone +who looked at her, but most of all by her grandmother, and there was +nothing that she would not have given to the child. Once she gave her a +little cap of red velvet, which suited her so well that she would never +wear anything else; so she was always called ‘Little Red-Cap.’ + +One day her mother said to her: ‘Come, Little Red-Cap, here is a piece +of cake and a bottle of wine; take them to your grandmother, she is ill +and weak, and they will do her good. Set out before it gets hot, and +when you are going, walk nicely and quietly and do not run off the path, +or you may fall and break the bottle, and then your grandmother will +get nothing; and when you go into her room, don’t forget to say, “Good +morning”, and don’t peep into every corner before you do it.’ + +‘I will take great care,’ said Little Red-Cap to her mother, and gave +her hand on it. + +The grandmother lived out in the wood, half a league from the village, +and just as Little Red-Cap entered the wood, a wolf met her. Red-Cap +did not know what a wicked creature he was, and was not at all afraid of +him. + +‘Good day, Little Red-Cap,’ said he. + +‘Thank you kindly, wolf.’ + +‘Whither away so early, Little Red-Cap?’ + +‘To my grandmother’s.’ + +‘What have you got in your apron?’ + +‘Cake and wine; yesterday was baking-day, so poor sick grandmother is to +have something good, to make her stronger.’ + +‘Where does your grandmother live, Little Red-Cap?’ + +‘A good quarter of a league farther on in the wood; her house stands +under the three large oak-trees, the nut-trees are just below; you +surely must know it,’ replied Little Red-Cap. + +The wolf thought to himself: ‘What a tender young creature! what a nice +plump mouthful--she will be better to eat than the old woman. I must +act craftily, so as to catch both.’ So he walked for a short time by +the side of Little Red-Cap, and then he said: ‘See, Little Red-Cap, how +pretty the flowers are about here--why do you not look round? I believe, +too, that you do not hear how sweetly the little birds are singing; you +walk gravely along as if you were going to school, while everything else +out here in the wood is merry.’ + +Little Red-Cap raised her eyes, and when she saw the sunbeams dancing +here and there through the trees, and pretty flowers growing everywhere, +she thought: ‘Suppose I take grandmother a fresh nosegay; that would +please her too. It is so early in the day that I shall still get there +in good time’; and so she ran from the path into the wood to look for +flowers. And whenever she had picked one, she fancied that she saw a +still prettier one farther on, and ran after it, and so got deeper and +deeper into the wood. + +Meanwhile the wolf ran straight to the grandmother’s house and knocked +at the door. + +‘Who is there?’ + +‘Little Red-Cap,’ replied the wolf. ‘She is bringing cake and wine; open +the door.’ + +‘Lift the latch,’ called out the grandmother, ‘I am too weak, and cannot +get up.’ + +The wolf lifted the latch, the door sprang open, and without saying a +word he went straight to the grandmother’s bed, and devoured her. Then +he put on her clothes, dressed himself in her cap laid himself in bed +and drew the curtains. + +Little Red-Cap, however, had been running about picking flowers, +and when she had gathered so many that she could carry no more, she +remembered her grandmother, and set out on the way to her. + +She was surprised to find the cottage-door standing open, and when she +went into the room, she had such a strange feeling that she said to +herself: ‘Oh dear! how uneasy I feel today, and at other times I like +being with grandmother so much.’ She called out: ‘Good morning,’ but +received no answer; so she went to the bed and drew back the curtains. +There lay her grandmother with her cap pulled far over her face, and +looking very strange. + +‘Oh! grandmother,’ she said, ‘what big ears you have!’ + +‘The better to hear you with, my child,’ was the reply. + +‘But, grandmother, what big eyes you have!’ she said. + +‘The better to see you with, my dear.’ + +‘But, grandmother, what large hands you have!’ + +‘The better to hug you with.’ + +‘Oh! but, grandmother, what a terrible big mouth you have!’ + +‘The better to eat you with!’ + +And scarcely had the wolf said this, than with one bound he was out of +bed and swallowed up Red-Cap. + +When the wolf had appeased his appetite, he lay down again in the bed, +fell asleep and began to snore very loud. The huntsman was just passing +the house, and thought to himself: ‘How the old woman is snoring! I must +just see if she wants anything.’ So he went into the room, and when he +came to the bed, he saw that the wolf was lying in it. ‘Do I find you +here, you old sinner!’ said he. ‘I have long sought you!’ Then just as +he was going to fire at him, it occurred to him that the wolf might have +devoured the grandmother, and that she might still be saved, so he did +not fire, but took a pair of scissors, and began to cut open the stomach +of the sleeping wolf. When he had made two snips, he saw the little +Red-Cap shining, and then he made two snips more, and the little girl +sprang out, crying: ‘Ah, how frightened I have been! How dark it was +inside the wolf’; and after that the aged grandmother came out alive +also, but scarcely able to breathe. Red-Cap, however, quickly fetched +great stones with which they filled the wolf’s belly, and when he awoke, +he wanted to run away, but the stones were so heavy that he collapsed at +once, and fell dead. + +Then all three were delighted. The huntsman drew off the wolf’s skin and +went home with it; the grandmother ate the cake and drank the wine which +Red-Cap had brought, and revived, but Red-Cap thought to herself: ‘As +long as I live, I will never by myself leave the path, to run into the +wood, when my mother has forbidden me to do so.’ + + +It also related that once when Red-Cap was again taking cakes to the old +grandmother, another wolf spoke to her, and tried to entice her from the +path. Red-Cap, however, was on her guard, and went straight forward on +her way, and told her grandmother that she had met the wolf, and that he +had said ‘good morning’ to her, but with such a wicked look in his eyes, +that if they had not been on the public road she was certain he would +have eaten her up. ‘Well,’ said the grandmother, ‘we will shut the door, +that he may not come in.’ Soon afterwards the wolf knocked, and cried: +‘Open the door, grandmother, I am Little Red-Cap, and am bringing you +some cakes.’ But they did not speak, or open the door, so the grey-beard +stole twice or thrice round the house, and at last jumped on the roof, +intending to wait until Red-Cap went home in the evening, and then to +steal after her and devour her in the darkness. But the grandmother +saw what was in his thoughts. In front of the house was a great stone +trough, so she said to the child: ‘Take the pail, Red-Cap; I made some +sausages yesterday, so carry the water in which I boiled them to the +trough.’ Red-Cap carried until the great trough was quite full. Then the +smell of the sausages reached the wolf, and he sniffed and peeped down, +and at last stretched out his neck so far that he could no longer keep +his footing and began to slip, and slipped down from the roof straight +into the great trough, and was drowned. But Red-Cap went joyously home, +and no one ever did anything to harm her again. + + + + +THE ROBBER BRIDEGROOM + + +There was once a miller who had one beautiful daughter, and as she was +grown up, he was anxious that she should be well married and provided +for. He said to himself, ‘I will give her to the first suitable man who +comes and asks for her hand.’ Not long after a suitor appeared, and as +he appeared to be very rich and the miller could see nothing in him with +which to find fault, he betrothed his daughter to him. But the girl did +not care for the man as a girl ought to care for her betrothed husband. +She did not feel that she could trust him, and she could not look at him +nor think of him without an inward shudder. One day he said to her, ‘You +have not yet paid me a visit, although we have been betrothed for some +time.’ ‘I do not know where your house is,’ she answered. ‘My house is +out there in the dark forest,’ he said. She tried to excuse herself by +saying that she would not be able to find the way thither. Her betrothed +only replied, ‘You must come and see me next Sunday; I have already +invited guests for that day, and that you may not mistake the way, I +will strew ashes along the path.’ + +When Sunday came, and it was time for the girl to start, a feeling of +dread came over her which she could not explain, and that she might +be able to find her path again, she filled her pockets with peas and +lentils to sprinkle on the ground as she went along. On reaching the +entrance to the forest she found the path strewed with ashes, and these +she followed, throwing down some peas on either side of her at every +step she took. She walked the whole day until she came to the deepest, +darkest part of the forest. There she saw a lonely house, looking so +grim and mysterious, that it did not please her at all. She stepped +inside, but not a soul was to be seen, and a great silence reigned +throughout. Suddenly a voice cried: + + ‘Turn back, turn back, young maiden fair, + Linger not in this murderers’ lair.’ + +The girl looked up and saw that the voice came from a bird hanging in a +cage on the wall. Again it cried: + + ‘Turn back, turn back, young maiden fair, + Linger not in this murderers’ lair.’ + +The girl passed on, going from room to room of the house, but they were +all empty, and still she saw no one. At last she came to the cellar, +and there sat a very, very old woman, who could not keep her head from +shaking. ‘Can you tell me,’ asked the girl, ‘if my betrothed husband +lives here?’ + +‘Ah, you poor child,’ answered the old woman, ‘what a place for you to +come to! This is a murderers’ den. You think yourself a promised bride, +and that your marriage will soon take place, but it is with death that +you will keep your marriage feast. Look, do you see that large cauldron +of water which I am obliged to keep on the fire! As soon as they have +you in their power they will kill you without mercy, and cook and eat +you, for they are eaters of men. If I did not take pity on you and save +you, you would be lost.’ + +Thereupon the old woman led her behind a large cask, which quite hid her +from view. ‘Keep as still as a mouse,’ she said; ‘do not move or speak, +or it will be all over with you. Tonight, when the robbers are +all asleep, we will flee together. I have long been waiting for an +opportunity to escape.’ + +The words were hardly out of her mouth when the godless crew returned, +dragging another young girl along with them. They were all drunk, and +paid no heed to her cries and lamentations. They gave her wine to drink, +three glasses full, one of white wine, one of red, and one of yellow, +and with that her heart gave way and she died. Then they tore off her +dainty clothing, laid her on a table, and cut her beautiful body into +pieces, and sprinkled salt upon it. + +The poor betrothed girl crouched trembling and shuddering behind the +cask, for she saw what a terrible fate had been intended for her by +the robbers. One of them now noticed a gold ring still remaining on +the little finger of the murdered girl, and as he could not draw it off +easily, he took a hatchet and cut off the finger; but the finger sprang +into the air, and fell behind the cask into the lap of the girl who was +hiding there. The robber took a light and began looking for it, but he +could not find it. ‘Have you looked behind the large cask?’ said one of +the others. But the old woman called out, ‘Come and eat your suppers, +and let the thing be till tomorrow; the finger won’t run away.’ + +‘The old woman is right,’ said the robbers, and they ceased looking for +the finger and sat down. + +The old woman then mixed a sleeping draught with their wine, and before +long they were all lying on the floor of the cellar, fast asleep and +snoring. As soon as the girl was assured of this, she came from behind +the cask. She was obliged to step over the bodies of the sleepers, who +were lying close together, and every moment she was filled with renewed +dread lest she should awaken them. But God helped her, so that she +passed safely over them, and then she and the old woman went upstairs, +opened the door, and hastened as fast as they could from the murderers’ +den. They found the ashes scattered by the wind, but the peas and +lentils had sprouted, and grown sufficiently above the ground, to guide +them in the moonlight along the path. All night long they walked, and it +was morning before they reached the mill. Then the girl told her father +all that had happened. + +The day came that had been fixed for the marriage. The bridegroom +arrived and also a large company of guests, for the miller had taken +care to invite all his friends and relations. As they sat at the feast, +each guest in turn was asked to tell a tale; the bride sat still and did +not say a word. + +‘And you, my love,’ said the bridegroom, turning to her, ‘is there no +tale you know? Tell us something.’ + +‘I will tell you a dream, then,’ said the bride. ‘I went alone through a +forest and came at last to a house; not a soul could I find within, but +a bird that was hanging in a cage on the wall cried: + + ‘Turn back, turn back, young maiden fair, + Linger not in this murderers’ lair.’ + +and again a second time it said these words.’ + +‘My darling, this is only a dream.’ + +‘I went on through the house from room to room, but they were all empty, +and everything was so grim and mysterious. At last I went down to the +cellar, and there sat a very, very old woman, who could not keep her +head still. I asked her if my betrothed lived here, and she answered, +“Ah, you poor child, you are come to a murderers’ den; your betrothed +does indeed live here, but he will kill you without mercy and afterwards +cook and eat you.”’ + +‘My darling, this is only a dream.’ + +‘The old woman hid me behind a large cask, and scarcely had she done +this when the robbers returned home, dragging a young girl along with +them. They gave her three kinds of wine to drink, white, red, and +yellow, and with that she died.’ + +‘My darling, this is only a dream.’ + +‘Then they tore off her dainty clothing, and cut her beautiful body into +pieces and sprinkled salt upon it.’ + +‘My darling, this is only a dream.’ + +‘And one of the robbers saw that there was a gold ring still left on her +finger, and as it was difficult to draw off, he took a hatchet and cut +off her finger; but the finger sprang into the air and fell behind the +great cask into my lap. And here is the finger with the ring.’ And +with these words the bride drew forth the finger and shewed it to the +assembled guests. + +The bridegroom, who during this recital had grown deadly pale, up and +tried to escape, but the guests seized him and held him fast. They +delivered him up to justice, and he and all his murderous band were +condemned to death for their wicked deeds. + + + + +TOM THUMB + + +A poor woodman sat in his cottage one night, smoking his pipe by the +fireside, while his wife sat by his side spinning. ‘How lonely it is, +wife,’ said he, as he puffed out a long curl of smoke, ‘for you and me +to sit here by ourselves, without any children to play about and amuse +us while other people seem so happy and merry with their children!’ +‘What you say is very true,’ said the wife, sighing, and turning round +her wheel; ‘how happy should I be if I had but one child! If it were +ever so small--nay, if it were no bigger than my thumb--I should be very +happy, and love it dearly.’ Now--odd as you may think it--it came to +pass that this good woman’s wish was fulfilled, just in the very way she +had wished it; for, not long afterwards, she had a little boy, who was +quite healthy and strong, but was not much bigger than my thumb. So +they said, ‘Well, we cannot say we have not got what we wished for, and, +little as he is, we will love him dearly.’ And they called him Thomas +Thumb. + +They gave him plenty of food, yet for all they could do he never grew +bigger, but kept just the same size as he had been when he was born. +Still, his eyes were sharp and sparkling, and he soon showed himself to +be a clever little fellow, who always knew well what he was about. + +One day, as the woodman was getting ready to go into the wood to cut +fuel, he said, ‘I wish I had someone to bring the cart after me, for I +want to make haste.’ ‘Oh, father,’ cried Tom, ‘I will take care of that; +the cart shall be in the wood by the time you want it.’ Then the woodman +laughed, and said, ‘How can that be? you cannot reach up to the horse’s +bridle.’ ‘Never mind that, father,’ said Tom; ‘if my mother will only +harness the horse, I will get into his ear and tell him which way to +go.’ ‘Well,’ said the father, ‘we will try for once.’ + +When the time came the mother harnessed the horse to the cart, and put +Tom into his ear; and as he sat there the little man told the beast how +to go, crying out, ‘Go on!’ and ‘Stop!’ as he wanted: and thus the horse +went on just as well as if the woodman had driven it himself into the +wood. It happened that as the horse was going a little too fast, and Tom +was calling out, ‘Gently! gently!’ two strangers came up. ‘What an odd +thing that is!’ said one: ‘there is a cart going along, and I hear a +carter talking to the horse, but yet I can see no one.’ ‘That is queer, +indeed,’ said the other; ‘let us follow the cart, and see where it +goes.’ So they went on into the wood, till at last they came to the +place where the woodman was. Then Tom Thumb, seeing his father, cried +out, ‘See, father, here I am with the cart, all right and safe! now take +me down!’ So his father took hold of the horse with one hand, and with +the other took his son out of the horse’s ear, and put him down upon a +straw, where he sat as merry as you please. + +The two strangers were all this time looking on, and did not know what +to say for wonder. At last one took the other aside, and said, ‘That +little urchin will make our fortune, if we can get him, and carry him +about from town to town as a show; we must buy him.’ So they went up to +the woodman, and asked him what he would take for the little man. ‘He +will be better off,’ said they, ‘with us than with you.’ ‘I won’t sell +him at all,’ said the father; ‘my own flesh and blood is dearer to me +than all the silver and gold in the world.’ But Tom, hearing of the +bargain they wanted to make, crept up his father’s coat to his shoulder +and whispered in his ear, ‘Take the money, father, and let them have me; +I’ll soon come back to you.’ + +So the woodman at last said he would sell Tom to the strangers for a +large piece of gold, and they paid the price. ‘Where would you like to +sit?’ said one of them. ‘Oh, put me on the rim of your hat; that will be +a nice gallery for me; I can walk about there and see the country as we +go along.’ So they did as he wished; and when Tom had taken leave of his +father they took him away with them. + +They journeyed on till it began to be dusky, and then the little man +said, ‘Let me get down, I’m tired.’ So the man took off his hat, and +put him down on a clod of earth, in a ploughed field by the side of the +road. But Tom ran about amongst the furrows, and at last slipped into +an old mouse-hole. ‘Good night, my masters!’ said he, ‘I’m off! mind and +look sharp after me the next time.’ Then they ran at once to the place, +and poked the ends of their sticks into the mouse-hole, but all in vain; +Tom only crawled farther and farther in; and at last it became quite +dark, so that they were forced to go their way without their prize, as +sulky as could be. + +When Tom found they were gone, he came out of his hiding-place. ‘What +dangerous walking it is,’ said he, ‘in this ploughed field! If I were to +fall from one of these great clods, I should undoubtedly break my neck.’ +At last, by good luck, he found a large empty snail-shell. ‘This is +lucky,’ said he, ‘I can sleep here very well’; and in he crept. + +Just as he was falling asleep, he heard two men passing by, chatting +together; and one said to the other, ‘How can we rob that rich parson’s +house of his silver and gold?’ ‘I’ll tell you!’ cried Tom. ‘What noise +was that?’ said the thief, frightened; ‘I’m sure I heard someone speak.’ +They stood still listening, and Tom said, ‘Take me with you, and I’ll +soon show you how to get the parson’s money.’ ‘But where are you?’ said +they. ‘Look about on the ground,’ answered he, ‘and listen where the +sound comes from.’ At last the thieves found him out, and lifted him +up in their hands. ‘You little urchin!’ they said, ‘what can you do for +us?’ ‘Why, I can get between the iron window-bars of the parson’s house, +and throw you out whatever you want.’ ‘That’s a good thought,’ said the +thieves; ‘come along, we shall see what you can do.’ + +When they came to the parson’s house, Tom slipped through the +window-bars into the room, and then called out as loud as he could bawl, +‘Will you have all that is here?’ At this the thieves were frightened, +and said, ‘Softly, softly! Speak low, that you may not awaken anybody.’ +But Tom seemed as if he did not understand them, and bawled out again, +‘How much will you have? Shall I throw it all out?’ Now the cook lay in +the next room; and hearing a noise she raised herself up in her bed and +listened. Meantime the thieves were frightened, and ran off a little +way; but at last they plucked up their hearts, and said, ‘The little +urchin is only trying to make fools of us.’ So they came back and +whispered softly to him, saying, ‘Now let us have no more of your +roguish jokes; but throw us out some of the money.’ Then Tom called out +as loud as he could, ‘Very well! hold your hands! here it comes.’ + +The cook heard this quite plain, so she sprang out of bed, and ran to +open the door. The thieves ran off as if a wolf was at their tails: and +the maid, having groped about and found nothing, went away for a light. +By the time she came back, Tom had slipped off into the barn; and when +she had looked about and searched every hole and corner, and found +nobody, she went to bed, thinking she must have been dreaming with her +eyes open. + +The little man crawled about in the hay-loft, and at last found a snug +place to finish his night’s rest in; so he laid himself down, meaning +to sleep till daylight, and then find his way home to his father and +mother. But alas! how woefully he was undone! what crosses and sorrows +happen to us all in this world! The cook got up early, before daybreak, +to feed the cows; and going straight to the hay-loft, carried away +a large bundle of hay, with the little man in the middle of it, fast +asleep. He still, however, slept on, and did not awake till he found +himself in the mouth of the cow; for the cook had put the hay into the +cow’s rick, and the cow had taken Tom up in a mouthful of it. ‘Good +lack-a-day!’ said he, ‘how came I to tumble into the mill?’ But he soon +found out where he really was; and was forced to have all his wits about +him, that he might not get between the cow’s teeth, and so be crushed to +death. At last down he went into her stomach. ‘It is rather dark,’ said +he; ‘they forgot to build windows in this room to let the sun in; a +candle would be no bad thing.’ + +Though he made the best of his bad luck, he did not like his quarters at +all; and the worst of it was, that more and more hay was always coming +down, and the space left for him became smaller and smaller. At last he +cried out as loud as he could, ‘Don’t bring me any more hay! Don’t bring +me any more hay!’ + +The maid happened to be just then milking the cow; and hearing someone +speak, but seeing nobody, and yet being quite sure it was the same voice +that she had heard in the night, she was so frightened that she fell off +her stool, and overset the milk-pail. As soon as she could pick herself +up out of the dirt, she ran off as fast as she could to her master the +parson, and said, ‘Sir, sir, the cow is talking!’ But the parson +said, ‘Woman, thou art surely mad!’ However, he went with her into the +cow-house, to try and see what was the matter. + +Scarcely had they set foot on the threshold, when Tom called out, ‘Don’t +bring me any more hay!’ Then the parson himself was frightened; and +thinking the cow was surely bewitched, told his man to kill her on the +spot. So the cow was killed, and cut up; and the stomach, in which Tom +lay, was thrown out upon a dunghill. + +Tom soon set himself to work to get out, which was not a very easy +task; but at last, just as he had made room to get his head out, fresh +ill-luck befell him. A hungry wolf sprang out, and swallowed up the +whole stomach, with Tom in it, at one gulp, and ran away. + +Tom, however, was still not disheartened; and thinking the wolf would +not dislike having some chat with him as he was going along, he called +out, ‘My good friend, I can show you a famous treat.’ ‘Where’s that?’ +said the wolf. ‘In such and such a house,’ said Tom, describing his own +father’s house. ‘You can crawl through the drain into the kitchen and +then into the pantry, and there you will find cakes, ham, beef, cold +chicken, roast pig, apple-dumplings, and everything that your heart can +wish.’ + +The wolf did not want to be asked twice; so that very night he went to +the house and crawled through the drain into the kitchen, and then into +the pantry, and ate and drank there to his heart’s content. As soon as +he had had enough he wanted to get away; but he had eaten so much that +he could not go out by the same way he came in. + +This was just what Tom had reckoned upon; and now he began to set up a +great shout, making all the noise he could. ‘Will you be easy?’ said the +wolf; ‘you’ll awaken everybody in the house if you make such a clatter.’ +‘What’s that to me?’ said the little man; ‘you have had your frolic, now +I’ve a mind to be merry myself’; and he began, singing and shouting as +loud as he could. + +The woodman and his wife, being awakened by the noise, peeped through +a crack in the door; but when they saw a wolf was there, you may well +suppose that they were sadly frightened; and the woodman ran for his +axe, and gave his wife a scythe. ‘Do you stay behind,’ said the woodman, +‘and when I have knocked him on the head you must rip him up with the +scythe.’ Tom heard all this, and cried out, ‘Father, father! I am here, +the wolf has swallowed me.’ And his father said, ‘Heaven be praised! we +have found our dear child again’; and he told his wife not to use the +scythe for fear she should hurt him. Then he aimed a great blow, and +struck the wolf on the head, and killed him on the spot! and when he was +dead they cut open his body, and set Tommy free. ‘Ah!’ said the father, +‘what fears we have had for you!’ ‘Yes, father,’ answered he; ‘I have +travelled all over the world, I think, in one way or other, since we +parted; and now I am very glad to come home and get fresh air again.’ +‘Why, where have you been?’ said his father. ‘I have been in a +mouse-hole--and in a snail-shell--and down a cow’s throat--and in the +wolf’s belly; and yet here I am again, safe and sound.’ + +‘Well,’ said they, ‘you are come back, and we will not sell you again +for all the riches in the world.’ + +Then they hugged and kissed their dear little son, and gave him plenty +to eat and drink, for he was very hungry; and then they fetched new +clothes for him, for his old ones had been quite spoiled on his journey. +So Master Thumb stayed at home with his father and mother, in peace; for +though he had been so great a traveller, and had done and seen so many +fine things, and was fond enough of telling the whole story, he always +agreed that, after all, there’s no place like HOME! + + + + +RUMPELSTILTSKIN + + +By the side of a wood, in a country a long way off, ran a fine stream +of water; and upon the stream there stood a mill. The miller’s house was +close by, and the miller, you must know, had a very beautiful daughter. +She was, moreover, very shrewd and clever; and the miller was so proud +of her, that he one day told the king of the land, who used to come and +hunt in the wood, that his daughter could spin gold out of straw. Now +this king was very fond of money; and when he heard the miller’s boast +his greediness was raised, and he sent for the girl to be brought before +him. Then he led her to a chamber in his palace where there was a great +heap of straw, and gave her a spinning-wheel, and said, ‘All this must +be spun into gold before morning, as you love your life.’ It was in vain +that the poor maiden said that it was only a silly boast of her father, +for that she could do no such thing as spin straw into gold: the chamber +door was locked, and she was left alone. + +She sat down in one corner of the room, and began to bewail her hard +fate; when on a sudden the door opened, and a droll-looking little man +hobbled in, and said, ‘Good morrow to you, my good lass; what are you +weeping for?’ ‘Alas!’ said she, ‘I must spin this straw into gold, and +I know not how.’ ‘What will you give me,’ said the hobgoblin, ‘to do it +for you?’ ‘My necklace,’ replied the maiden. He took her at her word, +and sat himself down to the wheel, and whistled and sang: + + ‘Round about, round about, + Lo and behold! + Reel away, reel away, + Straw into gold!’ + +And round about the wheel went merrily; the work was quickly done, and +the straw was all spun into gold. + +When the king came and saw this, he was greatly astonished and pleased; +but his heart grew still more greedy of gain, and he shut up the poor +miller’s daughter again with a fresh task. Then she knew not what to do, +and sat down once more to weep; but the dwarf soon opened the door, and +said, ‘What will you give me to do your task?’ ‘The ring on my finger,’ +said she. So her little friend took the ring, and began to work at the +wheel again, and whistled and sang: + + ‘Round about, round about, + Lo and behold! + Reel away, reel away, + Straw into gold!’ + +till, long before morning, all was done again. + +The king was greatly delighted to see all this glittering treasure; +but still he had not enough: so he took the miller’s daughter to a yet +larger heap, and said, ‘All this must be spun tonight; and if it is, +you shall be my queen.’ As soon as she was alone that dwarf came in, and +said, ‘What will you give me to spin gold for you this third time?’ +‘I have nothing left,’ said she. ‘Then say you will give me,’ said +the little man, ‘the first little child that you may have when you are +queen.’ ‘That may never be,’ thought the miller’s daughter: and as she +knew no other way to get her task done, she said she would do what he +asked. Round went the wheel again to the old song, and the manikin once +more spun the heap into gold. The king came in the morning, and, finding +all he wanted, was forced to keep his word; so he married the miller’s +daughter, and she really became queen. + +At the birth of her first little child she was very glad, and forgot the +dwarf, and what she had said. But one day he came into her room, where +she was sitting playing with her baby, and put her in mind of it. Then +she grieved sorely at her misfortune, and said she would give him all +the wealth of the kingdom if he would let her off, but in vain; till at +last her tears softened him, and he said, ‘I will give you three days’ +grace, and if during that time you tell me my name, you shall keep your +child.’ + +Now the queen lay awake all night, thinking of all the odd names that +she had ever heard; and she sent messengers all over the land to find +out new ones. The next day the little man came, and she began with +TIMOTHY, ICHABOD, BENJAMIN, JEREMIAH, and all the names she could +remember; but to all and each of them he said, ‘Madam, that is not my +name.’ + +The second day she began with all the comical names she could hear of, +BANDY-LEGS, HUNCHBACK, CROOK-SHANKS, and so on; but the little gentleman +still said to every one of them, ‘Madam, that is not my name.’ + +The third day one of the messengers came back, and said, ‘I have +travelled two days without hearing of any other names; but yesterday, as +I was climbing a high hill, among the trees of the forest where the fox +and the hare bid each other good night, I saw a little hut; and before +the hut burnt a fire; and round about the fire a funny little dwarf was +dancing upon one leg, and singing: + + “Merrily the feast I’ll make. + Today I’ll brew, tomorrow bake; + Merrily I’ll dance and sing, + For next day will a stranger bring. + Little does my lady dream + Rumpelstiltskin is my name!” + +When the queen heard this she jumped for joy, and as soon as her little +friend came she sat down upon her throne, and called all her court round +to enjoy the fun; and the nurse stood by her side with the baby in her +arms, as if it was quite ready to be given up. Then the little man began +to chuckle at the thought of having the poor child, to take home with +him to his hut in the woods; and he cried out, ‘Now, lady, what is my +name?’ ‘Is it JOHN?’ asked she. ‘No, madam!’ ‘Is it TOM?’ ‘No, madam!’ +‘Is it JEMMY?’ ‘It is not.’ ‘Can your name be RUMPELSTILTSKIN?’ said the +lady slyly. ‘Some witch told you that!--some witch told you that!’ cried +the little man, and dashed his right foot in a rage so deep into the +floor, that he was forced to lay hold of it with both hands to pull it +out. + +Then he made the best of his way off, while the nurse laughed and the +baby crowed; and all the court jeered at him for having had so much +trouble for nothing, and said, ‘We wish you a very good morning, and a +merry feast, Mr RUMPLESTILTSKIN!’ + + + + +CLEVER GRETEL + + +There was once a cook named Gretel, who wore shoes with red heels, and +when she walked out with them on, she turned herself this way and that, +was quite happy and thought: ‘You certainly are a pretty girl!’ And when +she came home she drank, in her gladness of heart, a draught of wine, +and as wine excites a desire to eat, she tasted the best of whatever she +was cooking until she was satisfied, and said: ‘The cook must know what +the food is like.’ + +It came to pass that the master one day said to her: ‘Gretel, there is a +guest coming this evening; prepare me two fowls very daintily.’ ‘I will +see to it, master,’ answered Gretel. She killed two fowls, scalded them, +plucked them, put them on the spit, and towards evening set them before +the fire, that they might roast. The fowls began to turn brown, and were +nearly ready, but the guest had not yet arrived. Then Gretel called out +to her master: ‘If the guest does not come, I must take the fowls away +from the fire, but it will be a sin and a shame if they are not eaten +the moment they are at their juiciest.’ The master said: ‘I will run +myself, and fetch the guest.’ When the master had turned his back, +Gretel laid the spit with the fowls on one side, and thought: ‘Standing +so long by the fire there, makes one sweat and thirsty; who knows +when they will come? Meanwhile, I will run into the cellar, and take a +drink.’ She ran down, set a jug, said: ‘God bless it for you, Gretel,’ +and took a good drink, and thought that wine should flow on, and should +not be interrupted, and took yet another hearty draught. + +Then she went and put the fowls down again to the fire, basted them, +and drove the spit merrily round. But as the roast meat smelt so good, +Gretel thought: ‘Something might be wrong, it ought to be tasted!’ +She touched it with her finger, and said: ‘Ah! how good fowls are! It +certainly is a sin and a shame that they are not eaten at the right +time!’ She ran to the window, to see if the master was not coming with +his guest, but she saw no one, and went back to the fowls and thought: +‘One of the wings is burning! I had better take it off and eat it.’ +So she cut it off, ate it, and enjoyed it, and when she had done, she +thought: ‘The other must go down too, or else master will observe that +something is missing.’ When the two wings were eaten, she went and +looked for her master, and did not see him. It suddenly occurred to +her: ‘Who knows? They are perhaps not coming at all, and have turned in +somewhere.’ Then she said: ‘Well, Gretel, enjoy yourself, one fowl has +been cut into, take another drink, and eat it up entirely; when it is +eaten you will have some peace, why should God’s good gifts be spoilt?’ +So she ran into the cellar again, took an enormous drink and ate up the +one chicken in great glee. When one of the chickens was swallowed down, +and still her master did not come, Gretel looked at the other and said: +‘What one is, the other should be likewise, the two go together; what’s +right for the one is right for the other; I think if I were to take +another draught it would do me no harm.’ So she took another hearty +drink, and let the second chicken follow the first. + +While she was making the most of it, her master came and cried: ‘Hurry +up, Gretel, the guest is coming directly after me!’ ‘Yes, sir, I will +soon serve up,’ answered Gretel. Meantime the master looked to see that +the table was properly laid, and took the great knife, wherewith he was +going to carve the chickens, and sharpened it on the steps. Presently +the guest came, and knocked politely and courteously at the house-door. +Gretel ran, and looked to see who was there, and when she saw the guest, +she put her finger to her lips and said: ‘Hush! hush! go away as quickly +as you can, if my master catches you it will be the worse for you; he +certainly did ask you to supper, but his intention is to cut off your +two ears. Just listen how he is sharpening the knife for it!’ The guest +heard the sharpening, and hurried down the steps again as fast as he +could. Gretel was not idle; she ran screaming to her master, and cried: +‘You have invited a fine guest!’ ‘Why, Gretel? What do you mean by +that?’ ‘Yes,’ said she, ‘he has taken the chickens which I was just +going to serve up, off the dish, and has run away with them!’ ‘That’s a +nice trick!’ said her master, and lamented the fine chickens. ‘If he had +but left me one, so that something remained for me to eat.’ He called to +him to stop, but the guest pretended not to hear. Then he ran after him +with the knife still in his hand, crying: ‘Just one, just one,’ meaning +that the guest should leave him just one chicken, and not take both. The +guest, however, thought no otherwise than that he was to give up one of +his ears, and ran as if fire were burning under him, in order to take +them both with him. + + + + +THE OLD MAN AND HIS GRANDSON + + +There was once a very old man, whose eyes had become dim, his ears dull +of hearing, his knees trembled, and when he sat at table he could hardly +hold the spoon, and spilt the broth upon the table-cloth or let it run +out of his mouth. His son and his son’s wife were disgusted at this, so +the old grandfather at last had to sit in the corner behind the stove, +and they gave him his food in an earthenware bowl, and not even enough +of it. And he used to look towards the table with his eyes full of +tears. Once, too, his trembling hands could not hold the bowl, and it +fell to the ground and broke. The young wife scolded him, but he said +nothing and only sighed. Then they brought him a wooden bowl for a few +half-pence, out of which he had to eat. + +They were once sitting thus when the little grandson of four years old +began to gather together some bits of wood upon the ground. ‘What are +you doing there?’ asked the father. ‘I am making a little trough,’ +answered the child, ‘for father and mother to eat out of when I am big.’ + +The man and his wife looked at each other for a while, and presently +began to cry. Then they took the old grandfather to the table, and +henceforth always let him eat with them, and likewise said nothing if he +did spill a little of anything. + + + + +THE LITTLE PEASANT + + +There was a certain village wherein no one lived but really rich +peasants, and just one poor one, whom they called the little peasant. He +had not even so much as a cow, and still less money to buy one, and +yet he and his wife did so wish to have one. One day he said to her: +‘Listen, I have a good idea, there is our gossip the carpenter, he shall +make us a wooden calf, and paint it brown, so that it looks like any +other, and in time it will certainly get big and be a cow.’ the woman +also liked the idea, and their gossip the carpenter cut and planed +the calf, and painted it as it ought to be, and made it with its head +hanging down as if it were eating. + +Next morning when the cows were being driven out, the little peasant +called the cow-herd in and said: ‘Look, I have a little calf there, +but it is still small and has to be carried.’ The cow-herd said: ‘All +right,’ and took it in his arms and carried it to the pasture, and set +it among the grass. The little calf always remained standing like one +which was eating, and the cow-herd said: ‘It will soon run by itself, +just look how it eats already!’ At night when he was going to drive the +herd home again, he said to the calf: ‘If you can stand there and eat +your fill, you can also go on your four legs; I don’t care to drag you +home again in my arms.’ But the little peasant stood at his door, and +waited for his little calf, and when the cow-herd drove the cows through +the village, and the calf was missing, he inquired where it was. The +cow-herd answered: ‘It is still standing out there eating. It would not +stop and come with us.’ But the little peasant said: ‘Oh, but I must +have my beast back again.’ Then they went back to the meadow together, +but someone had stolen the calf, and it was gone. The cow-herd said: ‘It +must have run away.’ The peasant, however, said: ‘Don’t tell me +that,’ and led the cow-herd before the mayor, who for his carelessness +condemned him to give the peasant a cow for the calf which had run away. + +And now the little peasant and his wife had the cow for which they had +so long wished, and they were heartily glad, but they had no food for +it, and could give it nothing to eat, so it soon had to be killed. They +salted the flesh, and the peasant went into the town and wanted to sell +the skin there, so that he might buy a new calf with the proceeds. On +the way he passed by a mill, and there sat a raven with broken wings, +and out of pity he took him and wrapped him in the skin. But as the +weather grew so bad and there was a storm of rain and wind, he could +go no farther, and turned back to the mill and begged for shelter. The +miller’s wife was alone in the house, and said to the peasant: ‘Lay +yourself on the straw there,’ and gave him a slice of bread and cheese. +The peasant ate it, and lay down with his skin beside him, and the woman +thought: ‘He is tired and has gone to sleep.’ In the meantime came the +parson; the miller’s wife received him well, and said: ‘My husband is +out, so we will have a feast.’ The peasant listened, and when he heard +them talk about feasting he was vexed that he had been forced to make +shift with a slice of bread and cheese. Then the woman served up four +different things, roast meat, salad, cakes, and wine. + +Just as they were about to sit down and eat, there was a knocking +outside. The woman said: ‘Oh, heavens! It is my husband!’ she quickly +hid the roast meat inside the tiled stove, the wine under the pillow, +the salad on the bed, the cakes under it, and the parson in the closet +on the porch. Then she opened the door for her husband, and said: ‘Thank +heaven, you are back again! There is such a storm, it looks as if the +world were coming to an end.’ The miller saw the peasant lying on the +straw, and asked, ‘What is that fellow doing there?’ ‘Ah,’ said the +wife, ‘the poor knave came in the storm and rain, and begged for +shelter, so I gave him a bit of bread and cheese, and showed him where +the straw was.’ The man said: ‘I have no objection, but be quick and get +me something to eat.’ The woman said: ‘But I have nothing but bread and +cheese.’ ‘I am contented with anything,’ replied the husband, ‘so far as +I am concerned, bread and cheese will do,’ and looked at the peasant and +said: ‘Come and eat some more with me.’ The peasant did not require to +be invited twice, but got up and ate. After this the miller saw the skin +in which the raven was, lying on the ground, and asked: ‘What have you +there?’ The peasant answered: ‘I have a soothsayer inside it.’ ‘Can +he foretell anything to me?’ said the miller. ‘Why not?’ answered +the peasant: ‘but he only says four things, and the fifth he keeps to +himself.’ The miller was curious, and said: ‘Let him foretell something +for once.’ Then the peasant pinched the raven’s head, so that he croaked +and made a noise like krr, krr. The miller said: ‘What did he say?’ The +peasant answered: ‘In the first place, he says that there is some wine +hidden under the pillow.’ ‘Bless me!’ cried the miller, and went there +and found the wine. ‘Now go on,’ said he. The peasant made the raven +croak again, and said: ‘In the second place, he says that there is some +roast meat in the tiled stove.’ ‘Upon my word!’ cried the miller, and +went thither, and found the roast meat. The peasant made the raven +prophesy still more, and said: ‘Thirdly, he says that there is some +salad on the bed.’ ‘That would be a fine thing!’ cried the miller, and +went there and found the salad. At last the peasant pinched the raven +once more till he croaked, and said: ‘Fourthly, he says that there +are some cakes under the bed.’ ‘That would be a fine thing!’ cried the +miller, and looked there, and found the cakes. + +And now the two sat down to the table together, but the miller’s wife +was frightened to death, and went to bed and took all the keys with +her. The miller would have liked much to know the fifth, but the little +peasant said: ‘First, we will quickly eat the four things, for the fifth +is something bad.’ So they ate, and after that they bargained how much +the miller was to give for the fifth prophecy, until they agreed on +three hundred talers. Then the peasant once more pinched the raven’s +head till he croaked loudly. The miller asked: ‘What did he say?’ The +peasant replied: ‘He says that the Devil is hiding outside there in +the closet on the porch.’ The miller said: ‘The Devil must go out,’ and +opened the house-door; then the woman was forced to give up the keys, +and the peasant unlocked the closet. The parson ran out as fast as he +could, and the miller said: ‘It was true; I saw the black rascal with my +own eyes.’ The peasant, however, made off next morning by daybreak with +the three hundred talers. + +At home the small peasant gradually launched out; he built a beautiful +house, and the peasants said: ‘The small peasant has certainly been to +the place where golden snow falls, and people carry the gold home in +shovels.’ Then the small peasant was brought before the mayor, and +bidden to say from whence his wealth came. He answered: ‘I sold my cow’s +skin in the town, for three hundred talers.’ When the peasants heard +that, they too wished to enjoy this great profit, and ran home, killed +all their cows, and stripped off their skins in order to sell them in +the town to the greatest advantage. The mayor, however, said: ‘But my +servant must go first.’ When she came to the merchant in the town, he +did not give her more than two talers for a skin, and when the others +came, he did not give them so much, and said: ‘What can I do with all +these skins?’ + +Then the peasants were vexed that the small peasant should have thus +outwitted them, wanted to take vengeance on him, and accused him of this +treachery before the mayor. The innocent little peasant was unanimously +sentenced to death, and was to be rolled into the water, in a barrel +pierced full of holes. He was led forth, and a priest was brought who +was to say a mass for his soul. The others were all obliged to retire to +a distance, and when the peasant looked at the priest, he recognized the +man who had been with the miller’s wife. He said to him: ‘I set you free +from the closet, set me free from the barrel.’ At this same moment up +came, with a flock of sheep, the very shepherd whom the peasant knew had +long been wishing to be mayor, so he cried with all his might: ‘No, I +will not do it; if the whole world insists on it, I will not do it!’ The +shepherd hearing that, came up to him, and asked: ‘What are you about? +What is it that you will not do?’ The peasant said: ‘They want to make +me mayor, if I will but put myself in the barrel, but I will not do it.’ +The shepherd said: ‘If nothing more than that is needful in order to be +mayor, I would get into the barrel at once.’ The peasant said: ‘If you +will get in, you will be mayor.’ The shepherd was willing, and got in, +and the peasant shut the top down on him; then he took the shepherd’s +flock for himself, and drove it away. The parson went to the crowd, +and declared that the mass had been said. Then they came and rolled the +barrel towards the water. When the barrel began to roll, the shepherd +cried: ‘I am quite willing to be mayor.’ They believed no otherwise than +that it was the peasant who was saying this, and answered: ‘That is +what we intend, but first you shall look about you a little down below +there,’ and they rolled the barrel down into the water. + +After that the peasants went home, and as they were entering the +village, the small peasant also came quietly in, driving a flock of +sheep and looking quite contented. Then the peasants were astonished, +and said: ‘Peasant, from whence do you come? Have you come out of the +water?’ ‘Yes, truly,’ replied the peasant, ‘I sank deep, deep down, +until at last I got to the bottom; I pushed the bottom out of the +barrel, and crept out, and there were pretty meadows on which a number +of lambs were feeding, and from thence I brought this flock away with +me.’ Said the peasants: ‘Are there any more there?’ ‘Oh, yes,’ said he, +‘more than I could want.’ Then the peasants made up their minds that +they too would fetch some sheep for themselves, a flock apiece, but the +mayor said: ‘I come first.’ So they went to the water together, and just +then there were some of the small fleecy clouds in the blue sky, which +are called little lambs, and they were reflected in the water, whereupon +the peasants cried: ‘We already see the sheep down below!’ The mayor +pressed forward and said: ‘I will go down first, and look about me, and +if things promise well I’ll call you.’ So he jumped in; splash! went +the water; it sounded as if he were calling them, and the whole crowd +plunged in after him as one man. Then the entire village was dead, and +the small peasant, as sole heir, became a rich man. + + + + +FREDERICK AND CATHERINE + + +There was once a man called Frederick: he had a wife whose name was +Catherine, and they had not long been married. One day Frederick said. +‘Kate! I am going to work in the fields; when I come back I shall be +hungry so let me have something nice cooked, and a good draught of ale.’ +‘Very well,’ said she, ‘it shall all be ready.’ When dinner-time drew +nigh, Catherine took a nice steak, which was all the meat she had, and +put it on the fire to fry. The steak soon began to look brown, and to +crackle in the pan; and Catherine stood by with a fork and turned it: +then she said to herself, ‘The steak is almost ready, I may as well go +to the cellar for the ale.’ So she left the pan on the fire and took a +large jug and went into the cellar and tapped the ale cask. The beer ran +into the jug and Catherine stood looking on. At last it popped into her +head, ‘The dog is not shut up--he may be running away with the steak; +that’s well thought of.’ So up she ran from the cellar; and sure enough +the rascally cur had got the steak in his mouth, and was making off with +it. + +Away ran Catherine, and away ran the dog across the field: but he ran +faster than she, and stuck close to the steak. ‘It’s all gone, and “what +can’t be cured must be endured”,’ said Catherine. So she turned round; +and as she had run a good way and was tired, she walked home leisurely +to cool herself. + +Now all this time the ale was running too, for Catherine had not turned +the cock; and when the jug was full the liquor ran upon the floor till +the cask was empty. When she got to the cellar stairs she saw what had +happened. ‘My stars!’ said she, ‘what shall I do to keep Frederick from +seeing all this slopping about?’ So she thought a while; and at last +remembered that there was a sack of fine meal bought at the last fair, +and that if she sprinkled this over the floor it would suck up the ale +nicely. ‘What a lucky thing,’ said she, ‘that we kept that meal! we have +now a good use for it.’ So away she went for it: but she managed to set +it down just upon the great jug full of beer, and upset it; and thus +all the ale that had been saved was set swimming on the floor also. ‘Ah! +well,’ said she, ‘when one goes another may as well follow.’ Then she +strewed the meal all about the cellar, and was quite pleased with her +cleverness, and said, ‘How very neat and clean it looks!’ + +At noon Frederick came home. ‘Now, wife,’ cried he, ‘what have you for +dinner?’ ‘O Frederick!’ answered she, ‘I was cooking you a steak; but +while I went down to draw the ale, the dog ran away with it; and while +I ran after him, the ale ran out; and when I went to dry up the ale +with the sack of meal that we got at the fair, I upset the jug: but the +cellar is now quite dry, and looks so clean!’ ‘Kate, Kate,’ said he, +‘how could you do all this?’ Why did you leave the steak to fry, and the +ale to run, and then spoil all the meal?’ ‘Why, Frederick,’ said she, ‘I +did not know I was doing wrong; you should have told me before.’ + +The husband thought to himself, ‘If my wife manages matters thus, I must +look sharp myself.’ Now he had a good deal of gold in the house: so he +said to Catherine, ‘What pretty yellow buttons these are! I shall put +them into a box and bury them in the garden; but take care that you +never go near or meddle with them.’ ‘No, Frederick,’ said she, ‘that +I never will.’ As soon as he was gone, there came by some pedlars with +earthenware plates and dishes, and they asked her whether she would buy. +‘Oh dear me, I should like to buy very much, but I have no money: if +you had any use for yellow buttons, I might deal with you.’ ‘Yellow +buttons!’ said they: ‘let us have a look at them.’ ‘Go into the garden +and dig where I tell you, and you will find the yellow buttons: I dare +not go myself.’ So the rogues went: and when they found what these +yellow buttons were, they took them all away, and left her plenty of +plates and dishes. Then she set them all about the house for a show: +and when Frederick came back, he cried out, ‘Kate, what have you been +doing?’ ‘See,’ said she, ‘I have bought all these with your yellow +buttons: but I did not touch them myself; the pedlars went themselves +and dug them up.’ ‘Wife, wife,’ said Frederick, ‘what a pretty piece of +work you have made! those yellow buttons were all my money: how came you +to do such a thing?’ ‘Why,’ answered she, ‘I did not know there was any +harm in it; you should have told me.’ + +Catherine stood musing for a while, and at last said to her husband, +‘Hark ye, Frederick, we will soon get the gold back: let us run after +the thieves.’ ‘Well, we will try,’ answered he; ‘but take some butter +and cheese with you, that we may have something to eat by the way.’ +‘Very well,’ said she; and they set out: and as Frederick walked the +fastest, he left his wife some way behind. ‘It does not matter,’ thought +she: ‘when we turn back, I shall be so much nearer home than he.’ + +Presently she came to the top of a hill, down the side of which there +was a road so narrow that the cart wheels always chafed the trees +on each side as they passed. ‘Ah, see now,’ said she, ‘how they have +bruised and wounded those poor trees; they will never get well.’ So she +took pity on them, and made use of the butter to grease them all, so +that the wheels might not hurt them so much. While she was doing this +kind office one of her cheeses fell out of the basket, and rolled down +the hill. Catherine looked, but could not see where it had gone; so she +said, ‘Well, I suppose the other will go the same way and find you; he +has younger legs than I have.’ Then she rolled the other cheese after +it; and away it went, nobody knows where, down the hill. But she said +she supposed that they knew the road, and would follow her, and she +could not stay there all day waiting for them. + +At last she overtook Frederick, who desired her to give him something to +eat. Then she gave him the dry bread. ‘Where are the butter and cheese?’ +said he. ‘Oh!’ answered she, ‘I used the butter to grease those poor +trees that the wheels chafed so: and one of the cheeses ran away so I +sent the other after it to find it, and I suppose they are both on +the road together somewhere.’ ‘What a goose you are to do such silly +things!’ said the husband. ‘How can you say so?’ said she; ‘I am sure +you never told me not.’ + +They ate the dry bread together; and Frederick said, ‘Kate, I hope you +locked the door safe when you came away.’ ‘No,’ answered she, ‘you did +not tell me.’ ‘Then go home, and do it now before we go any farther,’ +said Frederick, ‘and bring with you something to eat.’ + +Catherine did as he told her, and thought to herself by the way, +‘Frederick wants something to eat; but I don’t think he is very fond of +butter and cheese: I’ll bring him a bag of fine nuts, and the vinegar, +for I have often seen him take some.’ + +When she reached home, she bolted the back door, but the front door she +took off the hinges, and said, ‘Frederick told me to lock the door, but +surely it can nowhere be so safe if I take it with me.’ So she took +her time by the way; and when she overtook her husband she cried +out, ‘There, Frederick, there is the door itself, you may watch it as +carefully as you please.’ ‘Alas! alas!’ said he, ‘what a clever wife I +have! I sent you to make the house fast, and you take the door away, so +that everybody may go in and out as they please--however, as you have +brought the door, you shall carry it about with you for your pains.’ +‘Very well,’ answered she, ‘I’ll carry the door; but I’ll not carry the +nuts and vinegar bottle also--that would be too much of a load; so if +you please, I’ll fasten them to the door.’ + +Frederick of course made no objection to that plan, and they set off +into the wood to look for the thieves; but they could not find them: and +when it grew dark, they climbed up into a tree to spend the night there. +Scarcely were they up, than who should come by but the very rogues they +were looking for. They were in truth great rascals, and belonged to that +class of people who find things before they are lost; they were tired; +so they sat down and made a fire under the very tree where Frederick and +Catherine were. Frederick slipped down on the other side, and picked up +some stones. Then he climbed up again, and tried to hit the thieves on +the head with them: but they only said, ‘It must be near morning, for +the wind shakes the fir-apples down.’ + +Catherine, who had the door on her shoulder, began to be very tired; +but she thought it was the nuts upon it that were so heavy: so she said +softly, ‘Frederick, I must let the nuts go.’ ‘No,’ answered he, ‘not +now, they will discover us.’ ‘I can’t help that: they must go.’ ‘Well, +then, make haste and throw them down, if you will.’ Then away rattled +the nuts down among the boughs and one of the thieves cried, ‘Bless me, +it is hailing.’ + +A little while after, Catherine thought the door was still very heavy: +so she whispered to Frederick, ‘I must throw the vinegar down.’ ‘Pray +don’t,’ answered he, ‘it will discover us.’ ‘I can’t help that,’ said +she, ‘go it must.’ So she poured all the vinegar down; and the thieves +said, ‘What a heavy dew there is!’ + +At last it popped into Catherine’s head that it was the door itself that +was so heavy all the time: so she whispered, ‘Frederick, I must throw +the door down soon.’ But he begged and prayed her not to do so, for he +was sure it would betray them. ‘Here goes, however,’ said she: and down +went the door with such a clatter upon the thieves, that they cried +out ‘Murder!’ and not knowing what was coming, ran away as fast as they +could, and left all the gold. So when Frederick and Catherine came down, +there they found all their money safe and sound. + + + + +SWEETHEART ROLAND + + +There was once upon a time a woman who was a real witch and had two +daughters, one ugly and wicked, and this one she loved because she was +her own daughter, and one beautiful and good, and this one she hated, +because she was her stepdaughter. The stepdaughter once had a pretty +apron, which the other fancied so much that she became envious, and +told her mother that she must and would have that apron. ‘Be quiet, my +child,’ said the old woman, ‘and you shall have it. Your stepsister has +long deserved death; tonight when she is asleep I will come and cut her +head off. Only be careful that you are at the far side of the bed, and +push her well to the front.’ It would have been all over with the poor +girl if she had not just then been standing in a corner, and heard +everything. All day long she dared not go out of doors, and when bedtime +had come, the witch’s daughter got into bed first, so as to lie at the +far side, but when she was asleep, the other pushed her gently to the +front, and took for herself the place at the back, close by the wall. In +the night, the old woman came creeping in, she held an axe in her right +hand, and felt with her left to see if anyone were lying at the outside, +and then she grasped the axe with both hands, and cut her own child’s +head off. + +When she had gone away, the girl got up and went to her sweetheart, who +was called Roland, and knocked at his door. When he came out, she said +to him: ‘Listen, dearest Roland, we must fly in all haste; my stepmother +wanted to kill me, but has struck her own child. When daylight comes, +and she sees what she has done, we shall be lost.’ ‘But,’ said Roland, +‘I counsel you first to take away her magic wand, or we cannot escape +if she pursues us.’ The maiden fetched the magic wand, and she took the +dead girl’s head and dropped three drops of blood on the ground, one in +front of the bed, one in the kitchen, and one on the stairs. Then she +hurried away with her lover. + +When the old witch got up next morning, she called her daughter, and +wanted to give her the apron, but she did not come. Then the witch +cried: ‘Where are you?’ ‘Here, on the stairs, I am sweeping,’ answered +the first drop of blood. The old woman went out, but saw no one on the +stairs, and cried again: ‘Where are you?’ ‘Here in the kitchen, I am +warming myself,’ cried the second drop of blood. She went into the +kitchen, but found no one. Then she cried again: ‘Where are you?’ ‘Ah, +here in the bed, I am sleeping,’ cried the third drop of blood. She went +into the room to the bed. What did she see there? Her own child, +whose head she had cut off, bathed in her blood. The witch fell into +a passion, sprang to the window, and as she could look forth quite far +into the world, she perceived her stepdaughter hurrying away with her +sweetheart Roland. ‘That shall not help you,’ cried she, ‘even if you +have got a long way off, you shall still not escape me.’ She put on her +many-league boots, in which she covered an hour’s walk at every step, +and it was not long before she overtook them. The girl, however, when +she saw the old woman striding towards her, changed, with her magic +wand, her sweetheart Roland into a lake, and herself into a duck +swimming in the middle of it. The witch placed herself on the shore, +threw breadcrumbs in, and went to endless trouble to entice the duck; +but the duck did not let herself be enticed, and the old woman had to +go home at night as she had come. At this the girl and her sweetheart +Roland resumed their natural shapes again, and they walked on the whole +night until daybreak. Then the maiden changed herself into a beautiful +flower which stood in the midst of a briar hedge, and her sweetheart +Roland into a fiddler. It was not long before the witch came striding up +towards them, and said to the musician: ‘Dear musician, may I pluck that +beautiful flower for myself?’ ‘Oh, yes,’ he replied, ‘I will play to +you while you do it.’ As she was hastily creeping into the hedge and was +just going to pluck the flower, knowing perfectly well who the flower +was, he began to play, and whether she would or not, she was forced +to dance, for it was a magical dance. The faster he played, the more +violent springs was she forced to make, and the thorns tore her clothes +from her body, and pricked her and wounded her till she bled, and as he +did not stop, she had to dance till she lay dead on the ground. + +As they were now set free, Roland said: ‘Now I will go to my father and +arrange for the wedding.’ ‘Then in the meantime I will stay here and +wait for you,’ said the girl, ‘and that no one may recognize me, I will +change myself into a red stone landmark.’ Then Roland went away, and the +girl stood like a red landmark in the field and waited for her beloved. +But when Roland got home, he fell into the snares of another, who so +fascinated him that he forgot the maiden. The poor girl remained there a +long time, but at length, as he did not return at all, she was sad, and +changed herself into a flower, and thought: ‘Someone will surely come +this way, and trample me down.’ + +It befell, however, that a shepherd kept his sheep in the field and saw +the flower, and as it was so pretty, plucked it, took it with him, and +laid it away in his chest. From that time forth, strange things happened +in the shepherd’s house. When he arose in the morning, all the work was +already done, the room was swept, the table and benches cleaned, the +fire in the hearth was lighted, and the water was fetched, and at noon, +when he came home, the table was laid, and a good dinner served. He +could not conceive how this came to pass, for he never saw a human being +in his house, and no one could have concealed himself in it. He was +certainly pleased with this good attendance, but still at last he was so +afraid that he went to a wise woman and asked for her advice. The wise +woman said: ‘There is some enchantment behind it, listen very early some +morning if anything is moving in the room, and if you see anything, no +matter what it is, throw a white cloth over it, and then the magic will +be stopped.’ + +The shepherd did as she bade him, and next morning just as day dawned, +he saw the chest open, and the flower come out. Swiftly he +sprang towards it, and threw a white cloth over it. Instantly the +transformation came to an end, and a beautiful girl stood before him, +who admitted to him that she had been the flower, and that up to this +time she had attended to his house-keeping. She told him her story, +and as she pleased him he asked her if she would marry him, but she +answered: ‘No,’ for she wanted to remain faithful to her sweetheart +Roland, although he had deserted her. Nevertheless, she promised not to +go away, but to continue keeping house for the shepherd. + +And now the time drew near when Roland’s wedding was to be celebrated, +and then, according to an old custom in the country, it was announced +that all the girls were to be present at it, and sing in honour of the +bridal pair. When the faithful maiden heard of this, she grew so sad +that she thought her heart would break, and she would not go thither, +but the other girls came and took her. When it came to her turn to sing, +she stepped back, until at last she was the only one left, and then she +could not refuse. But when she began her song, and it reached Roland’s +ears, he sprang up and cried: ‘I know the voice, that is the true +bride, I will have no other!’ Everything he had forgotten, and which had +vanished from his mind, had suddenly come home again to his heart. Then +the faithful maiden held her wedding with her sweetheart Roland, and +grief came to an end and joy began. + + + + +SNOWDROP + + +It was the middle of winter, when the broad flakes of snow were falling +around, that the queen of a country many thousand miles off sat working +at her window. The frame of the window was made of fine black ebony, and +as she sat looking out upon the snow, she pricked her finger, and three +drops of blood fell upon it. Then she gazed thoughtfully upon the red +drops that sprinkled the white snow, and said, ‘Would that my little +daughter may be as white as that snow, as red as that blood, and as +black as this ebony windowframe!’ And so the little girl really did grow +up; her skin was as white as snow, her cheeks as rosy as the blood, and +her hair as black as ebony; and she was called Snowdrop. + +But this queen died; and the king soon married another wife, who became +queen, and was very beautiful, but so vain that she could not bear +to think that anyone could be handsomer than she was. She had a fairy +looking-glass, to which she used to go, and then she would gaze upon +herself in it, and say: + + ‘Tell me, glass, tell me true! + Of all the ladies in the land, + Who is fairest, tell me, who?’ + +And the glass had always answered: + + ‘Thou, queen, art the fairest in all the land.’ + +But Snowdrop grew more and more beautiful; and when she was seven years +old she was as bright as the day, and fairer than the queen herself. +Then the glass one day answered the queen, when she went to look in it +as usual: + + ‘Thou, queen, art fair, and beauteous to see, + But Snowdrop is lovelier far than thee!’ + +When she heard this she turned pale with rage and envy, and called to +one of her servants, and said, ‘Take Snowdrop away into the wide wood, +that I may never see her any more.’ Then the servant led her away; but +his heart melted when Snowdrop begged him to spare her life, and he +said, ‘I will not hurt you, thou pretty child.’ So he left her by +herself; and though he thought it most likely that the wild beasts would +tear her in pieces, he felt as if a great weight were taken off his +heart when he had made up his mind not to kill her but to leave her to +her fate, with the chance of someone finding and saving her. + +Then poor Snowdrop wandered along through the wood in great fear; and +the wild beasts roared about her, but none did her any harm. In the +evening she came to a cottage among the hills, and went in to rest, for +her little feet would carry her no further. Everything was spruce and +neat in the cottage: on the table was spread a white cloth, and there +were seven little plates, seven little loaves, and seven little glasses +with wine in them; and seven knives and forks laid in order; and by +the wall stood seven little beds. As she was very hungry, she picked +a little piece of each loaf and drank a very little wine out of each +glass; and after that she thought she would lie down and rest. So she +tried all the little beds; but one was too long, and another was too +short, till at last the seventh suited her: and there she laid herself +down and went to sleep. + +By and by in came the masters of the cottage. Now they were seven little +dwarfs, that lived among the mountains, and dug and searched for gold. +They lighted up their seven lamps, and saw at once that all was not +right. The first said, ‘Who has been sitting on my stool?’ The second, +‘Who has been eating off my plate?’ The third, ‘Who has been picking my +bread?’ The fourth, ‘Who has been meddling with my spoon?’ The fifth, +‘Who has been handling my fork?’ The sixth, ‘Who has been cutting with +my knife?’ The seventh, ‘Who has been drinking my wine?’ Then the first +looked round and said, ‘Who has been lying on my bed?’ And the rest came +running to him, and everyone cried out that somebody had been upon his +bed. But the seventh saw Snowdrop, and called all his brethren to come +and see her; and they cried out with wonder and astonishment and brought +their lamps to look at her, and said, ‘Good heavens! what a lovely child +she is!’ And they were very glad to see her, and took care not to wake +her; and the seventh dwarf slept an hour with each of the other dwarfs +in turn, till the night was gone. + +In the morning Snowdrop told them all her story; and they pitied her, +and said if she would keep all things in order, and cook and wash and +knit and spin for them, she might stay where she was, and they would +take good care of her. Then they went out all day long to their work, +seeking for gold and silver in the mountains: but Snowdrop was left at +home; and they warned her, and said, ‘The queen will soon find out where +you are, so take care and let no one in.’ + +But the queen, now that she thought Snowdrop was dead, believed that she +must be the handsomest lady in the land; and she went to her glass and +said: + + ‘Tell me, glass, tell me true! + Of all the ladies in the land, + Who is fairest, tell me, who?’ + +And the glass answered: + + ‘Thou, queen, art the fairest in all this land: + But over the hills, in the greenwood shade, + Where the seven dwarfs their dwelling have made, + There Snowdrop is hiding her head; and she + Is lovelier far, O queen! than thee.’ + +Then the queen was very much frightened; for she knew that the glass +always spoke the truth, and was sure that the servant had betrayed her. +And she could not bear to think that anyone lived who was more beautiful +than she was; so she dressed herself up as an old pedlar, and went +her way over the hills, to the place where the dwarfs dwelt. Then she +knocked at the door, and cried, ‘Fine wares to sell!’ Snowdrop looked +out at the window, and said, ‘Good day, good woman! what have you to +sell?’ ‘Good wares, fine wares,’ said she; ‘laces and bobbins of all +colours.’ ‘I will let the old lady in; she seems to be a very good +sort of body,’ thought Snowdrop, as she ran down and unbolted the door. +‘Bless me!’ said the old woman, ‘how badly your stays are laced! Let me +lace them up with one of my nice new laces.’ Snowdrop did not dream of +any mischief; so she stood before the old woman; but she set to work +so nimbly, and pulled the lace so tight, that Snowdrop’s breath was +stopped, and she fell down as if she were dead. ‘There’s an end to all +thy beauty,’ said the spiteful queen, and went away home. + +In the evening the seven dwarfs came home; and I need not say how +grieved they were to see their faithful Snowdrop stretched out upon the +ground, as if she was quite dead. However, they lifted her up, and when +they found what ailed her, they cut the lace; and in a little time she +began to breathe, and very soon came to life again. Then they said, ‘The +old woman was the queen herself; take care another time, and let no one +in when we are away.’ + +When the queen got home, she went straight to her glass, and spoke to it +as before; but to her great grief it still said: + + ‘Thou, queen, art the fairest in all this land: + But over the hills, in the greenwood shade, + Where the seven dwarfs their dwelling have made, + There Snowdrop is hiding her head; and she + Is lovelier far, O queen! than thee.’ + +Then the blood ran cold in her heart with spite and malice, to see that +Snowdrop still lived; and she dressed herself up again, but in quite +another dress from the one she wore before, and took with her a poisoned +comb. When she reached the dwarfs’ cottage, she knocked at the door, and +cried, ‘Fine wares to sell!’ But Snowdrop said, ‘I dare not let anyone +in.’ Then the queen said, ‘Only look at my beautiful combs!’ and gave +her the poisoned one. And it looked so pretty, that she took it up and +put it into her hair to try it; but the moment it touched her head, +the poison was so powerful that she fell down senseless. ‘There you may +lie,’ said the queen, and went her way. But by good luck the dwarfs +came in very early that evening; and when they saw Snowdrop lying on +the ground, they thought what had happened, and soon found the poisoned +comb. And when they took it away she got well, and told them all that +had passed; and they warned her once more not to open the door to +anyone. + +Meantime the queen went home to her glass, and shook with rage when she +read the very same answer as before; and she said, ‘Snowdrop shall die, +if it cost me my life.’ So she went by herself into her chamber, and got +ready a poisoned apple: the outside looked very rosy and tempting, but +whoever tasted it was sure to die. Then she dressed herself up as a +peasant’s wife, and travelled over the hills to the dwarfs’ cottage, +and knocked at the door; but Snowdrop put her head out of the window and +said, ‘I dare not let anyone in, for the dwarfs have told me not.’ ‘Do +as you please,’ said the old woman, ‘but at any rate take this pretty +apple; I will give it you.’ ‘No,’ said Snowdrop, ‘I dare not take it.’ +‘You silly girl!’ answered the other, ‘what are you afraid of? Do you +think it is poisoned? Come! do you eat one part, and I will eat the +other.’ Now the apple was so made up that one side was good, though the +other side was poisoned. Then Snowdrop was much tempted to taste, for +the apple looked so very nice; and when she saw the old woman eat, she +could wait no longer. But she had scarcely put the piece into her mouth, +when she fell down dead upon the ground. ‘This time nothing will save +thee,’ said the queen; and she went home to her glass, and at last it +said: + + ‘Thou, queen, art the fairest of all the fair.’ + +And then her wicked heart was glad, and as happy as such a heart could +be. + +When evening came, and the dwarfs had gone home, they found Snowdrop +lying on the ground: no breath came from her lips, and they were afraid +that she was quite dead. They lifted her up, and combed her hair, and +washed her face with wine and water; but all was in vain, for the little +girl seemed quite dead. So they laid her down upon a bier, and all seven +watched and bewailed her three whole days; and then they thought they +would bury her: but her cheeks were still rosy; and her face looked just +as it did while she was alive; so they said, ‘We will never bury her in +the cold ground.’ And they made a coffin of glass, so that they might +still look at her, and wrote upon it in golden letters what her name +was, and that she was a king’s daughter. And the coffin was set among +the hills, and one of the dwarfs always sat by it and watched. And the +birds of the air came too, and bemoaned Snowdrop; and first of all came +an owl, and then a raven, and at last a dove, and sat by her side. + +And thus Snowdrop lay for a long, long time, and still only looked as +though she was asleep; for she was even now as white as snow, and as red +as blood, and as black as ebony. At last a prince came and called at the +dwarfs’ house; and he saw Snowdrop, and read what was written in golden +letters. Then he offered the dwarfs money, and prayed and besought them +to let him take her away; but they said, ‘We will not part with her for +all the gold in the world.’ At last, however, they had pity on him, and +gave him the coffin; but the moment he lifted it up to carry it home +with him, the piece of apple fell from between her lips, and Snowdrop +awoke, and said, ‘Where am I?’ And the prince said, ‘Thou art quite safe +with me.’ + +Then he told her all that had happened, and said, ‘I love you far better +than all the world; so come with me to my father’s palace, and you shall +be my wife.’ And Snowdrop consented, and went home with the prince; +and everything was got ready with great pomp and splendour for their +wedding. + +To the feast was asked, among the rest, Snowdrop’s old enemy the queen; +and as she was dressing herself in fine rich clothes, she looked in the +glass and said: + + ‘Tell me, glass, tell me true! + Of all the ladies in the land, + Who is fairest, tell me, who?’ + +And the glass answered: + + ‘Thou, lady, art loveliest here, I ween; + But lovelier far is the new-made queen.’ + +When she heard this she started with rage; but her envy and curiosity +were so great, that she could not help setting out to see the bride. And +when she got there, and saw that it was no other than Snowdrop, who, as +she thought, had been dead a long while, she choked with rage, and fell +down and died: but Snowdrop and the prince lived and reigned happily +over that land many, many years; and sometimes they went up into the +mountains, and paid a visit to the little dwarfs, who had been so kind +to Snowdrop in her time of need. + + + + +THE PINK + + +There was once upon a time a queen to whom God had given no children. +Every morning she went into the garden and prayed to God in heaven to +bestow on her a son or a daughter. Then an angel from heaven came to her +and said: ‘Be at rest, you shall have a son with the power of wishing, +so that whatsoever in the world he wishes for, that shall he have.’ Then +she went to the king, and told him the joyful tidings, and when the time +was come she gave birth to a son, and the king was filled with gladness. + +Every morning she went with the child to the garden where the wild +beasts were kept, and washed herself there in a clear stream. It +happened once when the child was a little older, that it was lying in +her arms and she fell asleep. Then came the old cook, who knew that the +child had the power of wishing, and stole it away, and he took a hen, +and cut it in pieces, and dropped some of its blood on the queen’s apron +and on her dress. Then he carried the child away to a secret place, +where a nurse was obliged to suckle it, and he ran to the king and +accused the queen of having allowed her child to be taken from her by +the wild beasts. When the king saw the blood on her apron, he believed +this, fell into such a passion that he ordered a high tower to be built, +in which neither sun nor moon could be seen and had his wife put into +it, and walled up. Here she was to stay for seven years without meat +or drink, and die of hunger. But God sent two angels from heaven in the +shape of white doves, which flew to her twice a day, and carried her +food until the seven years were over. + +The cook, however, thought to himself: ‘If the child has the power of +wishing, and I am here, he might very easily get me into trouble.’ So +he left the palace and went to the boy, who was already big enough to +speak, and said to him: ‘Wish for a beautiful palace for yourself with +a garden, and all else that pertains to it.’ Scarcely were the words out +of the boy’s mouth, when everything was there that he had wished for. +After a while the cook said to him: ‘It is not well for you to be so +alone, wish for a pretty girl as a companion.’ Then the king’s son +wished for one, and she immediately stood before him, and was more +beautiful than any painter could have painted her. The two played +together, and loved each other with all their hearts, and the old cook +went out hunting like a nobleman. The thought occurred to him, however, +that the king’s son might some day wish to be with his father, and thus +bring him into great peril. So he went out and took the maiden aside, +and said: ‘Tonight when the boy is asleep, go to his bed and plunge this +knife into his heart, and bring me his heart and tongue, and if you do +not do it, you shall lose your life.’ Thereupon he went away, and when +he returned next day she had not done it, and said: ‘Why should I shed +the blood of an innocent boy who has never harmed anyone?’ The cook once +more said: ‘If you do not do it, it shall cost you your own life.’ When +he had gone away, she had a little hind brought to her, and ordered her +to be killed, and took her heart and tongue, and laid them on a plate, +and when she saw the old man coming, she said to the boy: ‘Lie down in +your bed, and draw the clothes over you.’ Then the wicked wretch came in +and said: ‘Where are the boy’s heart and tongue?’ The girl reached the +plate to him, but the king’s son threw off the quilt, and said: ‘You old +sinner, why did you want to kill me? Now will I pronounce thy sentence. +You shall become a black poodle and have a gold collar round your neck, +and shall eat burning coals, till the flames burst forth from your +throat.’ And when he had spoken these words, the old man was changed +into a poodle dog, and had a gold collar round his neck, and the cooks +were ordered to bring up some live coals, and these he ate, until the +flames broke forth from his throat. The king’s son remained there a +short while longer, and he thought of his mother, and wondered if she +were still alive. At length he said to the maiden: ‘I will go home to my +own country; if you will go with me, I will provide for you.’ ‘Ah,’ +she replied, ‘the way is so long, and what shall I do in a strange land +where I am unknown?’ As she did not seem quite willing, and as they +could not be parted from each other, he wished that she might be changed +into a beautiful pink, and took her with him. Then he went away to his +own country, and the poodle had to run after him. He went to the tower +in which his mother was confined, and as it was so high, he wished for +a ladder which would reach up to the very top. Then he mounted up and +looked inside, and cried: ‘Beloved mother, Lady Queen, are you still +alive, or are you dead?’ She answered: ‘I have just eaten, and am still +satisfied,’ for she thought the angels were there. Said he: ‘I am your +dear son, whom the wild beasts were said to have torn from your arms; +but I am alive still, and will soon set you free.’ Then he descended +again, and went to his father, and caused himself to be announced as a +strange huntsman, and asked if he could offer him service. The king said +yes, if he was skilful and could get game for him, he should come to +him, but that deer had never taken up their quarters in any part of the +district or country. Then the huntsman promised to procure as much game +for him as he could possibly use at the royal table. So he summoned all +the huntsmen together, and bade them go out into the forest with him. +And he went with them and made them form a great circle, open at one end +where he stationed himself, and began to wish. Two hundred deer and more +came running inside the circle at once, and the huntsmen shot them. +Then they were all placed on sixty country carts, and driven home to the +king, and for once he was able to deck his table with game, after having +had none at all for years. + +Now the king felt great joy at this, and commanded that his entire +household should eat with him next day, and made a great feast. When +they were all assembled together, he said to the huntsman: ‘As you are +so clever, you shall sit by me.’ He replied: ‘Lord King, your majesty +must excuse me, I am a poor huntsman.’ But the king insisted on it, +and said: ‘You shall sit by me,’ until he did it. Whilst he was sitting +there, he thought of his dearest mother, and wished that one of the +king’s principal servants would begin to speak of her, and would ask how +it was faring with the queen in the tower, and if she were alive still, +or had perished. Hardly had he formed the wish than the marshal began, +and said: ‘Your majesty, we live joyously here, but how is the queen +living in the tower? Is she still alive, or has she died?’ But the king +replied: ‘She let my dear son be torn to pieces by wild beasts; I will +not have her named.’ Then the huntsman arose and said: ‘Gracious lord +father she is alive still, and I am her son, and I was not carried away +by wild beasts, but by that wretch the old cook, who tore me from her +arms when she was asleep, and sprinkled her apron with the blood of a +chicken.’ Thereupon he took the dog with the golden collar, and said: +‘That is the wretch!’ and caused live coals to be brought, and these the +dog was compelled to devour before the sight of all, until flames burst +forth from its throat. On this the huntsman asked the king if he would +like to see the dog in his true shape, and wished him back into the form +of the cook, in which he stood immediately, with his white apron, +and his knife by his side. When the king saw him he fell into a passion, +and ordered him to be cast into the deepest dungeon. Then the huntsman +spoke further and said: ‘Father, will you see the maiden who brought me +up so tenderly and who was afterwards to murder me, but did not do it, +though her own life depended on it?’ The king replied: ‘Yes, I would +like to see her.’ The son said: ‘Most gracious father, I will show her +to you in the form of a beautiful flower,’ and he thrust his hand into +his pocket and brought forth the pink, and placed it on the royal table, +and it was so beautiful that the king had never seen one to equal it. +Then the son said: ‘Now will I show her to you in her own form,’ and +wished that she might become a maiden, and she stood there looking so +beautiful that no painter could have made her look more so. + +And the king sent two waiting-maids and two attendants into the tower, +to fetch the queen and bring her to the royal table. But when she was +led in she ate nothing, and said: ‘The gracious and merciful God who has +supported me in the tower, will soon set me free.’ She lived three days +more, and then died happily, and when she was buried, the two white +doves which had brought her food to the tower, and were angels of +heaven, followed her body and seated themselves on her grave. The aged +king ordered the cook to be torn in four pieces, but grief consumed the +king’s own heart, and he soon died. His son married the beautiful maiden +whom he had brought with him as a flower in his pocket, and whether they +are still alive or not, is known to God. + + + + +CLEVER ELSIE + + +There was once a man who had a daughter who was called Clever Elsie. And +when she had grown up her father said: ‘We will get her married.’ ‘Yes,’ +said the mother, ‘if only someone would come who would have her.’ At +length a man came from a distance and wooed her, who was called Hans; +but he stipulated that Clever Elsie should be really smart. ‘Oh,’ said +the father, ‘she has plenty of good sense’; and the mother said: ‘Oh, +she can see the wind coming up the street, and hear the flies coughing.’ +‘Well,’ said Hans, ‘if she is not really smart, I won’t have her.’ When +they were sitting at dinner and had eaten, the mother said: ‘Elsie, go +into the cellar and fetch some beer.’ Then Clever Elsie took the pitcher +from the wall, went into the cellar, and tapped the lid briskly as she +went, so that the time might not appear long. When she was below she +fetched herself a chair, and set it before the barrel so that she had +no need to stoop, and did not hurt her back or do herself any unexpected +injury. Then she placed the can before her, and turned the tap, and +while the beer was running she would not let her eyes be idle, but +looked up at the wall, and after much peering here and there, saw a +pick-axe exactly above her, which the masons had accidentally left +there. + +Then Clever Elsie began to weep and said: ‘If I get Hans, and we have +a child, and he grows big, and we send him into the cellar here to draw +beer, then the pick-axe will fall on his head and kill him.’ Then she +sat and wept and screamed with all the strength of her body, over the +misfortune which lay before her. Those upstairs waited for the drink, +but Clever Elsie still did not come. Then the woman said to the servant: +‘Just go down into the cellar and see where Elsie is.’ The maid went and +found her sitting in front of the barrel, screaming loudly. ‘Elsie why +do you weep?’ asked the maid. ‘Ah,’ she answered, ‘have I not reason to +weep? If I get Hans, and we have a child, and he grows big, and has to +draw beer here, the pick-axe will perhaps fall on his head, and kill +him.’ Then said the maid: ‘What a clever Elsie we have!’ and sat down +beside her and began loudly to weep over the misfortune. After a while, +as the maid did not come back, and those upstairs were thirsty for the +beer, the man said to the boy: ‘Just go down into the cellar and see +where Elsie and the girl are.’ The boy went down, and there sat Clever +Elsie and the girl both weeping together. Then he asked: ‘Why are you +weeping?’ ‘Ah,’ said Elsie, ‘have I not reason to weep? If I get Hans, +and we have a child, and he grows big, and has to draw beer here, the +pick-axe will fall on his head and kill him.’ Then said the boy: ‘What +a clever Elsie we have!’ and sat down by her, and likewise began to +howl loudly. Upstairs they waited for the boy, but as he still did not +return, the man said to the woman: ‘Just go down into the cellar and see +where Elsie is!’ The woman went down, and found all three in the midst +of their lamentations, and inquired what was the cause; then Elsie told +her also that her future child was to be killed by the pick-axe, when it +grew big and had to draw beer, and the pick-axe fell down. Then said the +mother likewise: ‘What a clever Elsie we have!’ and sat down and wept +with them. The man upstairs waited a short time, but as his wife did not +come back and his thirst grew ever greater, he said: ‘I must go into the +cellar myself and see where Elsie is.’ But when he got into the cellar, +and they were all sitting together crying, and he heard the reason, and +that Elsie’s child was the cause, and the Elsie might perhaps bring one +into the world some day, and that he might be killed by the pick-axe, if +he should happen to be sitting beneath it, drawing beer just at the very +time when it fell down, he cried: ‘Oh, what a clever Elsie!’ and sat +down, and likewise wept with them. The bridegroom stayed upstairs alone +for a long time; then as no one would come back he thought: ‘They must be +waiting for me below: I too must go there and see what they are about.’ +When he got down, the five of them were sitting screaming and lamenting +quite piteously, each out-doing the other. ‘What misfortune has happened +then?’ asked he. ‘Ah, dear Hans,’ said Elsie, ‘if we marry each other +and have a child, and he is big, and we perhaps send him here to draw +something to drink, then the pick-axe which has been left up there might +dash his brains out if it were to fall down, so have we not reason to +weep?’ ‘Come,’ said Hans, ‘more understanding than that is not needed +for my household, as you are such a clever Elsie, I will have you,’ and +seized her hand, took her upstairs with him, and married her. + +After Hans had had her some time, he said: ‘Wife, I am going out to work +and earn some money for us; go into the field and cut the corn that we +may have some bread.’ ‘Yes, dear Hans, I will do that.’ After Hans had +gone away, she cooked herself some good broth and took it into the field +with her. When she came to the field she said to herself: ‘What shall I +do; shall I cut first, or shall I eat first? Oh, I will eat first.’ Then +she drank her cup of broth and when she was fully satisfied, she once +more said: ‘What shall I do? Shall I cut first, or shall I sleep first? +I will sleep first.’ Then she lay down among the corn and fell asleep. +Hans had been at home for a long time, but Elsie did not come; then said +he: ‘What a clever Elsie I have; she is so industrious that she does not +even come home to eat.’ But when evening came and she still stayed away, +Hans went out to see what she had cut, but nothing was cut, and she +was lying among the corn asleep. Then Hans hastened home and brought +a fowler’s net with little bells and hung it round about her, and she +still went on sleeping. Then he ran home, shut the house-door, and sat +down in his chair and worked. At length, when it was quite dark, Clever +Elsie awoke and when she got up there was a jingling all round about +her, and the bells rang at each step which she took. Then she was +alarmed, and became uncertain whether she really was Clever Elsie or +not, and said: ‘Is it I, or is it not I?’ But she knew not what answer +to make to this, and stood for a time in doubt; at length she thought: +‘I will go home and ask if it be I, or if it be not I, they will be sure +to know.’ She ran to the door of her own house, but it was shut; then +she knocked at the window and cried: ‘Hans, is Elsie within?’ ‘Yes,’ +answered Hans, ‘she is within.’ Hereupon she was terrified, and said: +‘Ah, heavens! Then it is not I,’ and went to another door; but when the +people heard the jingling of the bells they would not open it, and she +could get in nowhere. Then she ran out of the village, and no one has +seen her since. + + + + +THE MISER IN THE BUSH + + +A farmer had a faithful and diligent servant, who had worked hard for +him three years, without having been paid any wages. At last it came +into the man’s head that he would not go on thus without pay any longer; +so he went to his master, and said, ‘I have worked hard for you a long +time, I will trust to you to give me what I deserve to have for my +trouble.’ The farmer was a sad miser, and knew that his man was very +simple-hearted; so he took out threepence, and gave him for every year’s +service a penny. The poor fellow thought it was a great deal of money to +have, and said to himself, ‘Why should I work hard, and live here on bad +fare any longer? I can now travel into the wide world, and make myself +merry.’ With that he put his money into his purse, and set out, roaming +over hill and valley. + +As he jogged along over the fields, singing and dancing, a little dwarf +met him, and asked him what made him so merry. ‘Why, what should make +me down-hearted?’ said he; ‘I am sound in health and rich in purse, what +should I care for? I have saved up my three years’ earnings and have it +all safe in my pocket.’ ‘How much may it come to?’ said the little man. +‘Full threepence,’ replied the countryman. ‘I wish you would give them +to me,’ said the other; ‘I am very poor.’ Then the man pitied him, and +gave him all he had; and the little dwarf said in return, ‘As you have +such a kind honest heart, I will grant you three wishes--one for every +penny; so choose whatever you like.’ Then the countryman rejoiced at +his good luck, and said, ‘I like many things better than money: first, I +will have a bow that will bring down everything I shoot at; secondly, +a fiddle that will set everyone dancing that hears me play upon it; and +thirdly, I should like that everyone should grant what I ask.’ The dwarf +said he should have his three wishes; so he gave him the bow and fiddle, +and went his way. + +Our honest friend journeyed on his way too; and if he was merry before, +he was now ten times more so. He had not gone far before he met an old +miser: close by them stood a tree, and on the topmost twig sat a thrush +singing away most joyfully. ‘Oh, what a pretty bird!’ said the miser; ‘I +would give a great deal of money to have such a one.’ ‘If that’s all,’ +said the countryman, ‘I will soon bring it down.’ Then he took up his +bow, and down fell the thrush into the bushes at the foot of the tree. +The miser crept into the bush to find it; but directly he had got into +the middle, his companion took up his fiddle and played away, and the +miser began to dance and spring about, capering higher and higher in +the air. The thorns soon began to tear his clothes till they all hung +in rags about him, and he himself was all scratched and wounded, so that +the blood ran down. ‘Oh, for heaven’s sake!’ cried the miser, ‘Master! +master! pray let the fiddle alone. What have I done to deserve this?’ +‘Thou hast shaved many a poor soul close enough,’ said the other; ‘thou +art only meeting thy reward’: so he played up another tune. Then the +miser began to beg and promise, and offered money for his liberty; but +he did not come up to the musician’s price for some time, and he danced +him along brisker and brisker, and the miser bid higher and higher, till +at last he offered a round hundred of florins that he had in his purse, +and had just gained by cheating some poor fellow. When the countryman +saw so much money, he said, ‘I will agree to your proposal.’ So he took +the purse, put up his fiddle, and travelled on very pleased with his +bargain. + +Meanwhile the miser crept out of the bush half-naked and in a piteous +plight, and began to ponder how he should take his revenge, and serve +his late companion some trick. At last he went to the judge, and +complained that a rascal had robbed him of his money, and beaten him +into the bargain; and that the fellow who did it carried a bow at his +back and a fiddle hung round his neck. Then the judge sent out his +officers to bring up the accused wherever they should find him; and he +was soon caught and brought up to be tried. + +The miser began to tell his tale, and said he had been robbed of +his money. ‘No, you gave it me for playing a tune to you.’ said the +countryman; but the judge told him that was not likely, and cut the +matter short by ordering him off to the gallows. + +So away he was taken; but as he stood on the steps he said, ‘My Lord +Judge, grant me one last request.’ ‘Anything but thy life,’ replied the +other. ‘No,’ said he, ‘I do not ask my life; only to let me play upon +my fiddle for the last time.’ The miser cried out, ‘Oh, no! no! for +heaven’s sake don’t listen to him! don’t listen to him!’ But the judge +said, ‘It is only this once, he will soon have done.’ The fact was, he +could not refuse the request, on account of the dwarf’s third gift. + +Then the miser said, ‘Bind me fast, bind me fast, for pity’s sake.’ But +the countryman seized his fiddle, and struck up a tune, and at the first +note judge, clerks, and jailer were in motion; all began capering, and +no one could hold the miser. At the second note the hangman let his +prisoner go, and danced also, and by the time he had played the first +bar of the tune, all were dancing together--judge, court, and miser, and +all the people who had followed to look on. At first the thing was merry +and pleasant enough; but when it had gone on a while, and there seemed +to be no end of playing or dancing, they began to cry out, and beg him +to leave off; but he stopped not a whit the more for their entreaties, +till the judge not only gave him his life, but promised to return him +the hundred florins. + +Then he called to the miser, and said, ‘Tell us now, you vagabond, where +you got that gold, or I shall play on for your amusement only,’ ‘I stole +it,’ said the miser in the presence of all the people; ‘I acknowledge +that I stole it, and that you earned it fairly.’ Then the countryman +stopped his fiddle, and left the miser to take his place at the gallows. + + + + +ASHPUTTEL + + +The wife of a rich man fell sick; and when she felt that her end drew +nigh, she called her only daughter to her bed-side, and said, ‘Always be +a good girl, and I will look down from heaven and watch over you.’ Soon +afterwards she shut her eyes and died, and was buried in the garden; +and the little girl went every day to her grave and wept, and was always +good and kind to all about her. And the snow fell and spread a beautiful +white covering over the grave; but by the time the spring came, and the +sun had melted it away again, her father had married another wife. This +new wife had two daughters of her own, that she brought home with her; +they were fair in face but foul at heart, and it was now a sorry time +for the poor little girl. ‘What does the good-for-nothing want in the +parlour?’ said they; ‘they who would eat bread should first earn it; +away with the kitchen-maid!’ Then they took away her fine clothes, and +gave her an old grey frock to put on, and laughed at her, and turned her +into the kitchen. + +There she was forced to do hard work; to rise early before daylight, to +bring the water, to make the fire, to cook and to wash. Besides that, +the sisters plagued her in all sorts of ways, and laughed at her. In the +evening when she was tired, she had no bed to lie down on, but was made +to lie by the hearth among the ashes; and as this, of course, made her +always dusty and dirty, they called her Ashputtel. + +It happened once that the father was going to the fair, and asked his +wife’s daughters what he should bring them. ‘Fine clothes,’ said the +first; ‘Pearls and diamonds,’ cried the second. ‘Now, child,’ said he +to his own daughter, ‘what will you have?’ ‘The first twig, dear +father, that brushes against your hat when you turn your face to come +homewards,’ said she. Then he bought for the first two the fine clothes +and pearls and diamonds they had asked for: and on his way home, as he +rode through a green copse, a hazel twig brushed against him, and almost +pushed off his hat: so he broke it off and brought it away; and when he +got home he gave it to his daughter. Then she took it, and went to +her mother’s grave and planted it there; and cried so much that it was +watered with her tears; and there it grew and became a fine tree. Three +times every day she went to it and cried; and soon a little bird came +and built its nest upon the tree, and talked with her, and watched over +her, and brought her whatever she wished for. + +Now it happened that the king of that land held a feast, which was to +last three days; and out of those who came to it his son was to choose +a bride for himself. Ashputtel’s two sisters were asked to come; so they +called her up, and said, ‘Now, comb our hair, brush our shoes, and tie +our sashes for us, for we are going to dance at the king’s feast.’ +Then she did as she was told; but when all was done she could not help +crying, for she thought to herself, she should so have liked to have +gone with them to the ball; and at last she begged her mother very hard +to let her go. ‘You, Ashputtel!’ said she; ‘you who have nothing to +wear, no clothes at all, and who cannot even dance--you want to go to +the ball? And when she kept on begging, she said at last, to get rid of +her, ‘I will throw this dishful of peas into the ash-heap, and if in +two hours’ time you have picked them all out, you shall go to the feast +too.’ + +Then she threw the peas down among the ashes, but the little maiden ran +out at the back door into the garden, and cried out: + + ‘Hither, hither, through the sky, + Turtle-doves and linnets, fly! + Blackbird, thrush, and chaffinch gay, + Hither, hither, haste away! + One and all come help me, quick! + Haste ye, haste ye!--pick, pick, pick!’ + +Then first came two white doves, flying in at the kitchen window; next +came two turtle-doves; and after them came all the little birds under +heaven, chirping and fluttering in: and they flew down into the ashes. +And the little doves stooped their heads down and set to work, pick, +pick, pick; and then the others began to pick, pick, pick: and among +them all they soon picked out all the good grain, and put it into a dish +but left the ashes. Long before the end of the hour the work was quite +done, and all flew out again at the windows. + +Then Ashputtel brought the dish to her mother, overjoyed at the thought +that now she should go to the ball. But the mother said, ‘No, no! you +slut, you have no clothes, and cannot dance; you shall not go.’ And when +Ashputtel begged very hard to go, she said, ‘If you can in one hour’s +time pick two of those dishes of peas out of the ashes, you shall go +too.’ And thus she thought she should at least get rid of her. So she +shook two dishes of peas into the ashes. + +But the little maiden went out into the garden at the back of the house, +and cried out as before: + + ‘Hither, hither, through the sky, + Turtle-doves and linnets, fly! + Blackbird, thrush, and chaffinch gay, + Hither, hither, haste away! + One and all come help me, quick! + Haste ye, haste ye!--pick, pick, pick!’ + +Then first came two white doves in at the kitchen window; next came two +turtle-doves; and after them came all the little birds under heaven, +chirping and hopping about. And they flew down into the ashes; and the +little doves put their heads down and set to work, pick, pick, pick; and +then the others began pick, pick, pick; and they put all the good grain +into the dishes, and left all the ashes. Before half an hour’s time all +was done, and out they flew again. And then Ashputtel took the dishes to +her mother, rejoicing to think that she should now go to the ball. +But her mother said, ‘It is all of no use, you cannot go; you have no +clothes, and cannot dance, and you would only put us to shame’: and off +she went with her two daughters to the ball. + +Now when all were gone, and nobody left at home, Ashputtel went +sorrowfully and sat down under the hazel-tree, and cried out: + + ‘Shake, shake, hazel-tree, + Gold and silver over me!’ + +Then her friend the bird flew out of the tree, and brought a gold and +silver dress for her, and slippers of spangled silk; and she put them +on, and followed her sisters to the feast. But they did not know her, +and thought it must be some strange princess, she looked so fine and +beautiful in her rich clothes; and they never once thought of Ashputtel, +taking it for granted that she was safe at home in the dirt. + +The king’s son soon came up to her, and took her by the hand and danced +with her, and no one else: and he never left her hand; but when anyone +else came to ask her to dance, he said, ‘This lady is dancing with me.’ + +Thus they danced till a late hour of the night; and then she wanted to +go home: and the king’s son said, ‘I shall go and take care of you to +your home’; for he wanted to see where the beautiful maiden lived. But +she slipped away from him, unawares, and ran off towards home; and as +the prince followed her, she jumped up into the pigeon-house and shut +the door. Then he waited till her father came home, and told him that +the unknown maiden, who had been at the feast, had hid herself in the +pigeon-house. But when they had broken open the door they found no one +within; and as they came back into the house, Ashputtel was lying, as +she always did, in her dirty frock by the ashes, and her dim little +lamp was burning in the chimney. For she had run as quickly as she could +through the pigeon-house and on to the hazel-tree, and had there taken +off her beautiful clothes, and put them beneath the tree, that the bird +might carry them away, and had lain down again amid the ashes in her +little grey frock. + +The next day when the feast was again held, and her father, mother, and +sisters were gone, Ashputtel went to the hazel-tree, and said: + + ‘Shake, shake, hazel-tree, + Gold and silver over me!’ + +And the bird came and brought a still finer dress than the one she +had worn the day before. And when she came in it to the ball, everyone +wondered at her beauty: but the king’s son, who was waiting for her, +took her by the hand, and danced with her; and when anyone asked her to +dance, he said as before, ‘This lady is dancing with me.’ + +When night came she wanted to go home; and the king’s son followed here +as before, that he might see into what house she went: but she sprang +away from him all at once into the garden behind her father’s house. +In this garden stood a fine large pear-tree full of ripe fruit; and +Ashputtel, not knowing where to hide herself, jumped up into it without +being seen. Then the king’s son lost sight of her, and could not find +out where she was gone, but waited till her father came home, and said +to him, ‘The unknown lady who danced with me has slipped away, and I +think she must have sprung into the pear-tree.’ The father thought to +himself, ‘Can it be Ashputtel?’ So he had an axe brought; and they cut +down the tree, but found no one upon it. And when they came back into +the kitchen, there lay Ashputtel among the ashes; for she had slipped +down on the other side of the tree, and carried her beautiful clothes +back to the bird at the hazel-tree, and then put on her little grey +frock. + +The third day, when her father and mother and sisters were gone, she +went again into the garden, and said: + + ‘Shake, shake, hazel-tree, + Gold and silver over me!’ + +Then her kind friend the bird brought a dress still finer than the +former one, and slippers which were all of gold: so that when she came +to the feast no one knew what to say, for wonder at her beauty: and the +king’s son danced with nobody but her; and when anyone else asked her to +dance, he said, ‘This lady is _my_ partner, sir.’ + +When night came she wanted to go home; and the king’s son would go with +her, and said to himself, ‘I will not lose her this time’; but, however, +she again slipped away from him, though in such a hurry that she dropped +her left golden slipper upon the stairs. + +The prince took the shoe, and went the next day to the king his father, +and said, ‘I will take for my wife the lady that this golden slipper +fits.’ Then both the sisters were overjoyed to hear it; for they +had beautiful feet, and had no doubt that they could wear the golden +slipper. The eldest went first into the room where the slipper was, and +wanted to try it on, and the mother stood by. But her great toe could +not go into it, and the shoe was altogether much too small for her. Then +the mother gave her a knife, and said, ‘Never mind, cut it off; when you +are queen you will not care about toes; you will not want to walk.’ So +the silly girl cut off her great toe, and thus squeezed on the shoe, +and went to the king’s son. Then he took her for his bride, and set her +beside him on his horse, and rode away with her homewards. + +But on their way home they had to pass by the hazel-tree that Ashputtel +had planted; and on the branch sat a little dove singing: + + ‘Back again! back again! look to the shoe! + The shoe is too small, and not made for you! + Prince! prince! look again for thy bride, + For she’s not the true one that sits by thy side.’ + +Then the prince got down and looked at her foot; and he saw, by the +blood that streamed from it, what a trick she had played him. So he +turned his horse round, and brought the false bride back to her home, +and said, ‘This is not the right bride; let the other sister try and put +on the slipper.’ Then she went into the room and got her foot into the +shoe, all but the heel, which was too large. But her mother squeezed it +in till the blood came, and took her to the king’s son: and he set her +as his bride by his side on his horse, and rode away with her. + +But when they came to the hazel-tree the little dove sat there still, +and sang: + + ‘Back again! back again! look to the shoe! + The shoe is too small, and not made for you! + Prince! prince! look again for thy bride, + For she’s not the true one that sits by thy side.’ + +Then he looked down, and saw that the blood streamed so much from the +shoe, that her white stockings were quite red. So he turned his horse +and brought her also back again. ‘This is not the true bride,’ said he +to the father; ‘have you no other daughters?’ ‘No,’ said he; ‘there is +only a little dirty Ashputtel here, the child of my first wife; I am +sure she cannot be the bride.’ The prince told him to send her. But the +mother said, ‘No, no, she is much too dirty; she will not dare to show +herself.’ However, the prince would have her come; and she first washed +her face and hands, and then went in and curtsied to him, and he reached +her the golden slipper. Then she took her clumsy shoe off her left foot, +and put on the golden slipper; and it fitted her as if it had been made +for her. And when he drew near and looked at her face he knew her, and +said, ‘This is the right bride.’ But the mother and both the sisters +were frightened, and turned pale with anger as he took Ashputtel on his +horse, and rode away with her. And when they came to the hazel-tree, the +white dove sang: + + ‘Home! home! look at the shoe! + Princess! the shoe was made for you! + Prince! prince! take home thy bride, + For she is the true one that sits by thy side!’ + +And when the dove had done its song, it came flying, and perched upon +her right shoulder, and so went home with her. + + + + +THE WHITE SNAKE + + +A long time ago there lived a king who was famed for his wisdom through +all the land. Nothing was hidden from him, and it seemed as if news of +the most secret things was brought to him through the air. But he had a +strange custom; every day after dinner, when the table was cleared, +and no one else was present, a trusty servant had to bring him one more +dish. It was covered, however, and even the servant did not know what +was in it, neither did anyone know, for the king never took off the +cover to eat of it until he was quite alone. + +This had gone on for a long time, when one day the servant, who took +away the dish, was overcome with such curiosity that he could not help +carrying the dish into his room. When he had carefully locked the door, +he lifted up the cover, and saw a white snake lying on the dish. But +when he saw it he could not deny himself the pleasure of tasting it, +so he cut of a little bit and put it into his mouth. No sooner had it +touched his tongue than he heard a strange whispering of little voices +outside his window. He went and listened, and then noticed that it was +the sparrows who were chattering together, and telling one another of +all kinds of things which they had seen in the fields and woods. Eating +the snake had given him power of understanding the language of animals. + +Now it so happened that on this very day the queen lost her most +beautiful ring, and suspicion of having stolen it fell upon this trusty +servant, who was allowed to go everywhere. The king ordered the man to +be brought before him, and threatened with angry words that unless he +could before the morrow point out the thief, he himself should be looked +upon as guilty and executed. In vain he declared his innocence; he was +dismissed with no better answer. + +In his trouble and fear he went down into the courtyard and took thought +how to help himself out of his trouble. Now some ducks were sitting +together quietly by a brook and taking their rest; and, whilst they +were making their feathers smooth with their bills, they were having a +confidential conversation together. The servant stood by and listened. +They were telling one another of all the places where they had been +waddling about all the morning, and what good food they had found; and +one said in a pitiful tone: ‘Something lies heavy on my stomach; as +I was eating in haste I swallowed a ring which lay under the queen’s +window.’ The servant at once seized her by the neck, carried her to the +kitchen, and said to the cook: ‘Here is a fine duck; pray, kill her.’ +‘Yes,’ said the cook, and weighed her in his hand; ‘she has spared +no trouble to fatten herself, and has been waiting to be roasted long +enough.’ So he cut off her head, and as she was being dressed for the +spit, the queen’s ring was found inside her. + +The servant could now easily prove his innocence; and the king, to make +amends for the wrong, allowed him to ask a favour, and promised him +the best place in the court that he could wish for. The servant refused +everything, and only asked for a horse and some money for travelling, as +he had a mind to see the world and go about a little. When his request +was granted he set out on his way, and one day came to a pond, where he +saw three fishes caught in the reeds and gasping for water. Now, though +it is said that fishes are dumb, he heard them lamenting that they must +perish so miserably, and, as he had a kind heart, he got off his +horse and put the three prisoners back into the water. They leapt with +delight, put out their heads, and cried to him: ‘We will remember you +and repay you for saving us!’ + +He rode on, and after a while it seemed to him that he heard a voice in +the sand at his feet. He listened, and heard an ant-king complain: ‘Why +cannot folks, with their clumsy beasts, keep off our bodies? That stupid +horse, with his heavy hoofs, has been treading down my people without +mercy!’ So he turned on to a side path and the ant-king cried out to +him: ‘We will remember you--one good turn deserves another!’ + +The path led him into a wood, and there he saw two old ravens standing +by their nest, and throwing out their young ones. ‘Out with you, you +idle, good-for-nothing creatures!’ cried they; ‘we cannot find food for +you any longer; you are big enough, and can provide for yourselves.’ +But the poor young ravens lay upon the ground, flapping their wings, and +crying: ‘Oh, what helpless chicks we are! We must shift for ourselves, +and yet we cannot fly! What can we do, but lie here and starve?’ So the +good young fellow alighted and killed his horse with his sword, and gave +it to them for food. Then they came hopping up to it, satisfied their +hunger, and cried: ‘We will remember you--one good turn deserves +another!’ + +And now he had to use his own legs, and when he had walked a long +way, he came to a large city. There was a great noise and crowd in +the streets, and a man rode up on horseback, crying aloud: ‘The king’s +daughter wants a husband; but whoever seeks her hand must perform a hard +task, and if he does not succeed he will forfeit his life.’ Many had +already made the attempt, but in vain; nevertheless when the youth +saw the king’s daughter he was so overcome by her great beauty that he +forgot all danger, went before the king, and declared himself a suitor. + +So he was led out to the sea, and a gold ring was thrown into it, before +his eyes; then the king ordered him to fetch this ring up from the +bottom of the sea, and added: ‘If you come up again without it you will +be thrown in again and again until you perish amid the waves.’ All the +people grieved for the handsome youth; then they went away, leaving him +alone by the sea. + +He stood on the shore and considered what he should do, when suddenly +he saw three fishes come swimming towards him, and they were the very +fishes whose lives he had saved. The one in the middle held a mussel in +its mouth, which it laid on the shore at the youth’s feet, and when he +had taken it up and opened it, there lay the gold ring in the shell. +Full of joy he took it to the king and expected that he would grant him +the promised reward. + +But when the proud princess perceived that he was not her equal in +birth, she scorned him, and required him first to perform another +task. She went down into the garden and strewed with her own hands ten +sacksful of millet-seed on the grass; then she said: ‘Tomorrow morning +before sunrise these must be picked up, and not a single grain be +wanting.’ + +The youth sat down in the garden and considered how it might be possible +to perform this task, but he could think of nothing, and there he sat +sorrowfully awaiting the break of day, when he should be led to death. +But as soon as the first rays of the sun shone into the garden he saw +all the ten sacks standing side by side, quite full, and not a single +grain was missing. The ant-king had come in the night with thousands +and thousands of ants, and the grateful creatures had by great industry +picked up all the millet-seed and gathered them into the sacks. + +Presently the king’s daughter herself came down into the garden, and was +amazed to see that the young man had done the task she had given him. +But she could not yet conquer her proud heart, and said: ‘Although he +has performed both the tasks, he shall not be my husband until he had +brought me an apple from the Tree of Life.’ The youth did not know where +the Tree of Life stood, but he set out, and would have gone on for ever, +as long as his legs would carry him, though he had no hope of finding +it. After he had wandered through three kingdoms, he came one evening to +a wood, and lay down under a tree to sleep. But he heard a rustling in +the branches, and a golden apple fell into his hand. At the same time +three ravens flew down to him, perched themselves upon his knee, and +said: ‘We are the three young ravens whom you saved from starving; when +we had grown big, and heard that you were seeking the Golden Apple, +we flew over the sea to the end of the world, where the Tree of Life +stands, and have brought you the apple.’ The youth, full of joy, set out +homewards, and took the Golden Apple to the king’s beautiful daughter, +who had now no more excuses left to make. They cut the Apple of Life in +two and ate it together; and then her heart became full of love for him, +and they lived in undisturbed happiness to a great age. + + + + +THE WOLF AND THE SEVEN LITTLE KIDS + + +There was once upon a time an old goat who had seven little kids, and +loved them with all the love of a mother for her children. One day she +wanted to go into the forest and fetch some food. So she called all +seven to her and said: ‘Dear children, I have to go into the forest, +be on your guard against the wolf; if he comes in, he will devour you +all--skin, hair, and everything. The wretch often disguises himself, but +you will know him at once by his rough voice and his black feet.’ The +kids said: ‘Dear mother, we will take good care of ourselves; you may go +away without any anxiety.’ Then the old one bleated, and went on her way +with an easy mind. + +It was not long before someone knocked at the house-door and called: +‘Open the door, dear children; your mother is here, and has brought +something back with her for each of you.’ But the little kids knew that +it was the wolf, by the rough voice. ‘We will not open the door,’ cried +they, ‘you are not our mother. She has a soft, pleasant voice, but +your voice is rough; you are the wolf!’ Then the wolf went away to a +shopkeeper and bought himself a great lump of chalk, ate this and made +his voice soft with it. Then he came back, knocked at the door of the +house, and called: ‘Open the door, dear children, your mother is here +and has brought something back with her for each of you.’ But the wolf +had laid his black paws against the window, and the children saw them +and cried: ‘We will not open the door, our mother has not black feet +like you: you are the wolf!’ Then the wolf ran to a baker and said: ‘I +have hurt my feet, rub some dough over them for me.’ And when the baker +had rubbed his feet over, he ran to the miller and said: ‘Strew some +white meal over my feet for me.’ The miller thought to himself: ‘The +wolf wants to deceive someone,’ and refused; but the wolf said: ‘If you +will not do it, I will devour you.’ Then the miller was afraid, and made +his paws white for him. Truly, this is the way of mankind. + +So now the wretch went for the third time to the house-door, knocked at +it and said: ‘Open the door for me, children, your dear little mother +has come home, and has brought every one of you something back from the +forest with her.’ The little kids cried: ‘First show us your paws that +we may know if you are our dear little mother.’ Then he put his paws +in through the window and when the kids saw that they were white, they +believed that all he said was true, and opened the door. But who should +come in but the wolf! They were terrified and wanted to hide themselves. +One sprang under the table, the second into the bed, the third into the +stove, the fourth into the kitchen, the fifth into the cupboard, the +sixth under the washing-bowl, and the seventh into the clock-case. But +the wolf found them all, and used no great ceremony; one after the +other he swallowed them down his throat. The youngest, who was in +the clock-case, was the only one he did not find. When the wolf had +satisfied his appetite he took himself off, laid himself down under a +tree in the green meadow outside, and began to sleep. Soon afterwards +the old goat came home again from the forest. Ah! what a sight she saw +there! The house-door stood wide open. The table, chairs, and benches +were thrown down, the washing-bowl lay broken to pieces, and the quilts +and pillows were pulled off the bed. She sought her children, but they +were nowhere to be found. She called them one after another by name, but +no one answered. At last, when she came to the youngest, a soft voice +cried: ‘Dear mother, I am in the clock-case.’ She took the kid out, and +it told her that the wolf had come and had eaten all the others. Then +you may imagine how she wept over her poor children. + +At length in her grief she went out, and the youngest kid ran with her. +When they came to the meadow, there lay the wolf by the tree and snored +so loud that the branches shook. She looked at him on every side and +saw that something was moving and struggling in his gorged belly. ‘Ah, +heavens,’ she said, ‘is it possible that my poor children whom he has +swallowed down for his supper, can be still alive?’ Then the kid had to +run home and fetch scissors, and a needle and thread, and the goat cut +open the monster’s stomach, and hardly had she made one cut, than one +little kid thrust its head out, and when she had cut farther, all six +sprang out one after another, and were all still alive, and had suffered +no injury whatever, for in his greediness the monster had swallowed them +down whole. What rejoicing there was! They embraced their dear mother, +and jumped like a tailor at his wedding. The mother, however, said: ‘Now +go and look for some big stones, and we will fill the wicked beast’s +stomach with them while he is still asleep.’ Then the seven kids dragged +the stones thither with all speed, and put as many of them into this +stomach as they could get in; and the mother sewed him up again in the +greatest haste, so that he was not aware of anything and never once +stirred. + +When the wolf at length had had his fill of sleep, he got on his legs, +and as the stones in his stomach made him very thirsty, he wanted to +go to a well to drink. But when he began to walk and to move about, the +stones in his stomach knocked against each other and rattled. Then cried +he: + + ‘What rumbles and tumbles + Against my poor bones? + I thought ‘twas six kids, + But it feels like big stones.’ + +And when he got to the well and stooped over the water to drink, the +heavy stones made him fall in, and he drowned miserably. When the seven +kids saw that, they came running to the spot and cried aloud: ‘The wolf +is dead! The wolf is dead!’ and danced for joy round about the well with +their mother. + + + + +THE QUEEN BEE + + +Two kings’ sons once upon a time went into the world to seek their +fortunes; but they soon fell into a wasteful foolish way of living, so +that they could not return home again. Then their brother, who was a +little insignificant dwarf, went out to seek for his brothers: but when +he had found them they only laughed at him, to think that he, who was so +young and simple, should try to travel through the world, when they, who +were so much wiser, had been unable to get on. However, they all set +out on their journey together, and came at last to an ant-hill. The two +elder brothers would have pulled it down, in order to see how the poor +ants in their fright would run about and carry off their eggs. But the +little dwarf said, ‘Let the poor things enjoy themselves, I will not +suffer you to trouble them.’ + +So on they went, and came to a lake where many many ducks were swimming +about. The two brothers wanted to catch two, and roast them. But the +dwarf said, ‘Let the poor things enjoy themselves, you shall not kill +them.’ Next they came to a bees’-nest in a hollow tree, and there was +so much honey that it ran down the trunk; and the two brothers wanted to +light a fire under the tree and kill the bees, so as to get their honey. +But the dwarf held them back, and said, ‘Let the pretty insects enjoy +themselves, I cannot let you burn them.’ + +At length the three brothers came to a castle: and as they passed by the +stables they saw fine horses standing there, but all were of marble, and +no man was to be seen. Then they went through all the rooms, till they +came to a door on which were three locks: but in the middle of the door +was a wicket, so that they could look into the next room. There they saw +a little grey old man sitting at a table; and they called to him once or +twice, but he did not hear: however, they called a third time, and then +he rose and came out to them. + +He said nothing, but took hold of them and led them to a beautiful +table covered with all sorts of good things: and when they had eaten and +drunk, he showed each of them to a bed-chamber. + +The next morning he came to the eldest and took him to a marble table, +where there were three tablets, containing an account of the means by +which the castle might be disenchanted. The first tablet said: ‘In the +wood, under the moss, lie the thousand pearls belonging to the king’s +daughter; they must all be found: and if one be missing by set of sun, +he who seeks them will be turned into marble.’ + +The eldest brother set out, and sought for the pearls the whole day: +but the evening came, and he had not found the first hundred: so he was +turned into stone as the tablet had foretold. + +The next day the second brother undertook the task; but he succeeded no +better than the first; for he could only find the second hundred of the +pearls; and therefore he too was turned into stone. + +At last came the little dwarf’s turn; and he looked in the moss; but it +was so hard to find the pearls, and the job was so tiresome!--so he sat +down upon a stone and cried. And as he sat there, the king of the ants +(whose life he had saved) came to help him, with five thousand ants; and +it was not long before they had found all the pearls and laid them in a +heap. + +The second tablet said: ‘The key of the princess’s bed-chamber must be +fished up out of the lake.’ And as the dwarf came to the brink of it, +he saw the two ducks whose lives he had saved swimming about; and they +dived down and soon brought in the key from the bottom. + +The third task was the hardest. It was to choose out the youngest and +the best of the king’s three daughters. Now they were all beautiful, and +all exactly alike: but he was told that the eldest had eaten a piece of +sugar, the next some sweet syrup, and the youngest a spoonful of honey; +so he was to guess which it was that had eaten the honey. + +Then came the queen of the bees, who had been saved by the little dwarf +from the fire, and she tried the lips of all three; but at last she sat +upon the lips of the one that had eaten the honey: and so the dwarf knew +which was the youngest. Thus the spell was broken, and all who had been +turned into stones awoke, and took their proper forms. And the dwarf +married the youngest and the best of the princesses, and was king after +her father’s death; but his two brothers married the other two sisters. + + + + +THE ELVES AND THE SHOEMAKER + + +There was once a shoemaker, who worked very hard and was very honest: +but still he could not earn enough to live upon; and at last all he +had in the world was gone, save just leather enough to make one pair of +shoes. + +Then he cut his leather out, all ready to make up the next day, meaning +to rise early in the morning to his work. His conscience was clear and +his heart light amidst all his troubles; so he went peaceably to bed, +left all his cares to Heaven, and soon fell asleep. In the morning after +he had said his prayers, he sat himself down to his work; when, to his +great wonder, there stood the shoes all ready made, upon the table. The +good man knew not what to say or think at such an odd thing happening. +He looked at the workmanship; there was not one false stitch in the +whole job; all was so neat and true, that it was quite a masterpiece. + +The same day a customer came in, and the shoes suited him so well that +he willingly paid a price higher than usual for them; and the poor +shoemaker, with the money, bought leather enough to make two pairs more. +In the evening he cut out the work, and went to bed early, that he might +get up and begin betimes next day; but he was saved all the trouble, for +when he got up in the morning the work was done ready to his hand. Soon +in came buyers, who paid him handsomely for his goods, so that he bought +leather enough for four pair more. He cut out the work again overnight +and found it done in the morning, as before; and so it went on for some +time: what was got ready in the evening was always done by daybreak, and +the good man soon became thriving and well off again. + +One evening, about Christmas-time, as he and his wife were sitting over +the fire chatting together, he said to her, ‘I should like to sit up and +watch tonight, that we may see who it is that comes and does my work for +me.’ The wife liked the thought; so they left a light burning, and hid +themselves in a corner of the room, behind a curtain that was hung up +there, and watched what would happen. + +As soon as it was midnight, there came in two little naked dwarfs; and +they sat themselves upon the shoemaker’s bench, took up all the work +that was cut out, and began to ply with their little fingers, stitching +and rapping and tapping away at such a rate, that the shoemaker was all +wonder, and could not take his eyes off them. And on they went, till the +job was quite done, and the shoes stood ready for use upon the table. +This was long before daybreak; and then they bustled away as quick as +lightning. + +The next day the wife said to the shoemaker. ‘These little wights have +made us rich, and we ought to be thankful to them, and do them a good +turn if we can. I am quite sorry to see them run about as they do; and +indeed it is not very decent, for they have nothing upon their backs to +keep off the cold. I’ll tell you what, I will make each of them a shirt, +and a coat and waistcoat, and a pair of pantaloons into the bargain; and +do you make each of them a little pair of shoes.’ + +The thought pleased the good cobbler very much; and one evening, when +all the things were ready, they laid them on the table, instead of the +work that they used to cut out, and then went and hid themselves, to +watch what the little elves would do. + +About midnight in they came, dancing and skipping, hopped round the +room, and then went to sit down to their work as usual; but when they +saw the clothes lying for them, they laughed and chuckled, and seemed +mightily delighted. + +Then they dressed themselves in the twinkling of an eye, and danced and +capered and sprang about, as merry as could be; till at last they danced +out at the door, and away over the green. + +The good couple saw them no more; but everything went well with them +from that time forward, as long as they lived. + + + + +THE JUNIPER-TREE + + +Long, long ago, some two thousand years or so, there lived a rich +man with a good and beautiful wife. They loved each other dearly, but +sorrowed much that they had no children. So greatly did they desire +to have one, that the wife prayed for it day and night, but still they +remained childless. + +In front of the house there was a court, in which grew a juniper-tree. +One winter’s day the wife stood under the tree to peel some apples, and +as she was peeling them, she cut her finger, and the blood fell on the +snow. ‘Ah,’ sighed the woman heavily, ‘if I had but a child, as red as +blood and as white as snow,’ and as she spoke the words, her heart grew +light within her, and it seemed to her that her wish was granted, and +she returned to the house feeling glad and comforted. A month passed, +and the snow had all disappeared; then another month went by, and all +the earth was green. So the months followed one another, and first the +trees budded in the woods, and soon the green branches grew thickly +intertwined, and then the blossoms began to fall. Once again the wife +stood under the juniper-tree, and it was so full of sweet scent that her +heart leaped for joy, and she was so overcome with her happiness, that +she fell on her knees. Presently the fruit became round and firm, and +she was glad and at peace; but when they were fully ripe she picked the +berries and ate eagerly of them, and then she grew sad and ill. A little +while later she called her husband, and said to him, weeping. ‘If I +die, bury me under the juniper-tree.’ Then she felt comforted and happy +again, and before another month had passed she had a little child, and +when she saw that it was as white as snow and as red as blood, her joy +was so great that she died. + +Her husband buried her under the juniper-tree, and wept bitterly for +her. By degrees, however, his sorrow grew less, and although at times he +still grieved over his loss, he was able to go about as usual, and later +on he married again. + +He now had a little daughter born to him; the child of his first wife +was a boy, who was as red as blood and as white as snow. The mother +loved her daughter very much, and when she looked at her and then looked +at the boy, it pierced her heart to think that he would always stand in +the way of her own child, and she was continually thinking how she could +get the whole of the property for her. This evil thought took possession +of her more and more, and made her behave very unkindly to the boy. She +drove him from place to place with cuffings and buffetings, so that the +poor child went about in fear, and had no peace from the time he left +school to the time he went back. + +One day the little daughter came running to her mother in the +store-room, and said, ‘Mother, give me an apple.’ ‘Yes, my child,’ said +the wife, and she gave her a beautiful apple out of the chest; the chest +had a very heavy lid and a large iron lock. + +‘Mother,’ said the little daughter again, ‘may not brother have one +too?’ The mother was angry at this, but she answered, ‘Yes, when he +comes out of school.’ + +Just then she looked out of the window and saw him coming, and it seemed +as if an evil spirit entered into her, for she snatched the apple out +of her little daughter’s hand, and said, ‘You shall not have one before +your brother.’ She threw the apple into the chest and shut it to. The +little boy now came in, and the evil spirit in the wife made her say +kindly to him, ‘My son, will you have an apple?’ but she gave him a +wicked look. ‘Mother,’ said the boy, ‘how dreadful you look! Yes, give +me an apple.’ The thought came to her that she would kill him. ‘Come +with me,’ she said, and she lifted up the lid of the chest; ‘take one +out for yourself.’ And as he bent over to do so, the evil spirit urged +her, and crash! down went the lid, and off went the little boy’s head. +Then she was overwhelmed with fear at the thought of what she had done. +‘If only I can prevent anyone knowing that I did it,’ she thought. So +she went upstairs to her room, and took a white handkerchief out of +her top drawer; then she set the boy’s head again on his shoulders, and +bound it with the handkerchief so that nothing could be seen, and placed +him on a chair by the door with an apple in his hand. + +Soon after this, little Marleen came up to her mother who was stirring +a pot of boiling water over the fire, and said, ‘Mother, brother is +sitting by the door with an apple in his hand, and he looks so pale; +and when I asked him to give me the apple, he did not answer, and that +frightened me.’ + +‘Go to him again,’ said her mother, ‘and if he does not answer, give him +a box on the ear.’ So little Marleen went, and said, ‘Brother, give me +that apple,’ but he did not say a word; then she gave him a box on the +ear, and his head rolled off. She was so terrified at this, that she ran +crying and screaming to her mother. ‘Oh!’ she said, ‘I have knocked off +brother’s head,’ and then she wept and wept, and nothing would stop her. + +‘What have you done!’ said her mother, ‘but no one must know about it, +so you must keep silence; what is done can’t be undone; we will make +him into puddings.’ And she took the little boy and cut him up, made him +into puddings, and put him in the pot. But Marleen stood looking on, +and wept and wept, and her tears fell into the pot, so that there was no +need of salt. + +Presently the father came home and sat down to his dinner; he asked, +‘Where is my son?’ The mother said nothing, but gave him a large dish of +black pudding, and Marleen still wept without ceasing. + +The father again asked, ‘Where is my son?’ + +‘Oh,’ answered the wife, ‘he is gone into the country to his mother’s +great uncle; he is going to stay there some time.’ + +‘What has he gone there for, and he never even said goodbye to me!’ + +‘Well, he likes being there, and he told me he should be away quite six +weeks; he is well looked after there.’ + +‘I feel very unhappy about it,’ said the husband, ‘in case it should not +be all right, and he ought to have said goodbye to me.’ + +With this he went on with his dinner, and said, ‘Little Marleen, why do +you weep? Brother will soon be back.’ Then he asked his wife for more +pudding, and as he ate, he threw the bones under the table. + +Little Marleen went upstairs and took her best silk handkerchief out of +her bottom drawer, and in it she wrapped all the bones from under the +table and carried them outside, and all the time she did nothing but +weep. Then she laid them in the green grass under the juniper-tree, and +she had no sooner done so, then all her sadness seemed to leave her, +and she wept no more. And now the juniper-tree began to move, and the +branches waved backwards and forwards, first away from one another, and +then together again, as it might be someone clapping their hands for +joy. After this a mist came round the tree, and in the midst of it there +was a burning as of fire, and out of the fire there flew a beautiful +bird, that rose high into the air, singing magnificently, and when it +could no more be seen, the juniper-tree stood there as before, and the +silk handkerchief and the bones were gone. + +Little Marleen now felt as lighthearted and happy as if her brother were +still alive, and she went back to the house and sat down cheerfully to +the table and ate. + +The bird flew away and alighted on the house of a goldsmith and began to +sing: + + ‘My mother killed her little son; + My father grieved when I was gone; + My sister loved me best of all; + She laid her kerchief over me, + And took my bones that they might lie + Underneath the juniper-tree + Kywitt, Kywitt, what a beautiful bird am I!’ + +The goldsmith was in his workshop making a gold chain, when he heard the +song of the bird on his roof. He thought it so beautiful that he got +up and ran out, and as he crossed the threshold he lost one of his +slippers. But he ran on into the middle of the street, with a slipper on +one foot and a sock on the other; he still had on his apron, and still +held the gold chain and the pincers in his hands, and so he stood gazing +up at the bird, while the sun came shining brightly down on the street. + +‘Bird,’ he said, ‘how beautifully you sing! Sing me that song again.’ + +‘Nay,’ said the bird, ‘I do not sing twice for nothing. Give that gold +chain, and I will sing it you again.’ + +‘Here is the chain, take it,’ said the goldsmith. ‘Only sing me that +again.’ + +The bird flew down and took the gold chain in his right claw, and then +he alighted again in front of the goldsmith and sang: + + ‘My mother killed her little son; + My father grieved when I was gone; + My sister loved me best of all; + She laid her kerchief over me, + And took my bones that they might lie + Underneath the juniper-tree + Kywitt, Kywitt, what a beautiful bird am I!’ + +Then he flew away, and settled on the roof of a shoemaker’s house and +sang: + + ‘My mother killed her little son; + My father grieved when I was gone; + My sister loved me best of all; + She laid her kerchief over me, + And took my bones that they might lie + Underneath the juniper-tree + Kywitt, Kywitt, what a beautiful bird am I!’ + +The shoemaker heard him, and he jumped up and ran out in his +shirt-sleeves, and stood looking up at the bird on the roof with his +hand over his eyes to keep himself from being blinded by the sun. + +‘Bird,’ he said, ‘how beautifully you sing!’ Then he called through the +door to his wife: ‘Wife, come out; here is a bird, come and look at it +and hear how beautifully it sings.’ Then he called his daughter and the +children, then the apprentices, girls and boys, and they all ran up the +street to look at the bird, and saw how splendid it was with its red +and green feathers, and its neck like burnished gold, and eyes like two +bright stars in its head. + +‘Bird,’ said the shoemaker, ‘sing me that song again.’ + +‘Nay,’ answered the bird, ‘I do not sing twice for nothing; you must +give me something.’ + +‘Wife,’ said the man, ‘go into the garret; on the upper shelf you will +see a pair of red shoes; bring them to me.’ The wife went in and fetched +the shoes. + +‘There, bird,’ said the shoemaker, ‘now sing me that song again.’ + +The bird flew down and took the red shoes in his left claw, and then he +went back to the roof and sang: + + ‘My mother killed her little son; + My father grieved when I was gone; + My sister loved me best of all; + She laid her kerchief over me, + And took my bones that they might lie + Underneath the juniper-tree + Kywitt, Kywitt, what a beautiful bird am I!’ + +When he had finished, he flew away. He had the chain in his right claw +and the shoes in his left, and he flew right away to a mill, and the +mill went ‘Click clack, click clack, click clack.’ Inside the mill were +twenty of the miller’s men hewing a stone, and as they went ‘Hick hack, +hick hack, hick hack,’ the mill went ‘Click clack, click clack, click +clack.’ + +The bird settled on a lime-tree in front of the mill and sang: + + ‘My mother killed her little son; + +then one of the men left off, + + My father grieved when I was gone; + +two more men left off and listened, + + My sister loved me best of all; + +then four more left off, + + She laid her kerchief over me, + And took my bones that they might lie + +now there were only eight at work, + + Underneath + +And now only five, + + the juniper-tree. + +And now only one, + + Kywitt, Kywitt, what a beautiful bird am I!’ + +then he looked up and the last one had left off work. + +‘Bird,’ he said, ‘what a beautiful song that is you sing! Let me hear it +too; sing it again.’ + +‘Nay,’ answered the bird, ‘I do not sing twice for nothing; give me that +millstone, and I will sing it again.’ + +‘If it belonged to me alone,’ said the man, ‘you should have it.’ + +‘Yes, yes,’ said the others: ‘if he will sing again, he can have it.’ + +The bird came down, and all the twenty millers set to and lifted up the +stone with a beam; then the bird put his head through the hole and took +the stone round his neck like a collar, and flew back with it to the +tree and sang-- + + ‘My mother killed her little son; + My father grieved when I was gone; + My sister loved me best of all; + She laid her kerchief over me, + And took my bones that they might lie + Underneath the juniper-tree + Kywitt, Kywitt, what a beautiful bird am I!’ + +And when he had finished his song, he spread his wings, and with the +chain in his right claw, the shoes in his left, and the millstone round +his neck, he flew right away to his father’s house. + +The father, the mother, and little Marleen were having their dinner. + +‘How lighthearted I feel,’ said the father, ‘so pleased and cheerful.’ + +‘And I,’ said the mother, ‘I feel so uneasy, as if a heavy thunderstorm +were coming.’ + +But little Marleen sat and wept and wept. + +Then the bird came flying towards the house and settled on the roof. + +‘I do feel so happy,’ said the father, ‘and how beautifully the sun +shines; I feel just as if I were going to see an old friend again.’ + +‘Ah!’ said the wife, ‘and I am so full of distress and uneasiness that +my teeth chatter, and I feel as if there were a fire in my veins,’ and +she tore open her dress; and all the while little Marleen sat in the +corner and wept, and the plate on her knees was wet with her tears. + +The bird now flew to the juniper-tree and began singing: + + ‘My mother killed her little son; + +the mother shut her eyes and her ears, that she might see and hear +nothing, but there was a roaring sound in her ears like that of a +violent storm, and in her eyes a burning and flashing like lightning: + + My father grieved when I was gone; + +‘Look, mother,’ said the man, ‘at the beautiful bird that is singing so +magnificently; and how warm and bright the sun is, and what a delicious +scent of spice in the air!’ + + My sister loved me best of all; + +then little Marleen laid her head down on her knees and sobbed. + +‘I must go outside and see the bird nearer,’ said the man. + +‘Ah, do not go!’ cried the wife. ‘I feel as if the whole house were in +flames!’ + +But the man went out and looked at the bird. + + She laid her kerchief over me, + And took my bones that they might lie + Underneath the juniper-tree + Kywitt, Kywitt, what a beautiful bird am I!’ + +With that the bird let fall the gold chain, and it fell just round the +man’s neck, so that it fitted him exactly. + +He went inside, and said, ‘See, what a splendid bird that is; he has +given me this beautiful gold chain, and looks so beautiful himself.’ + +But the wife was in such fear and trouble, that she fell on the floor, +and her cap fell from her head. + +Then the bird began again: + + ‘My mother killed her little son; + +‘Ah me!’ cried the wife, ‘if I were but a thousand feet beneath the +earth, that I might not hear that song.’ + + My father grieved when I was gone; + +then the woman fell down again as if dead. + + My sister loved me best of all; + +‘Well,’ said little Marleen, ‘I will go out too and see if the bird will +give me anything.’ + +So she went out. + + She laid her kerchief over me, + And took my bones that they might lie + +and he threw down the shoes to her, + + Underneath the juniper-tree + Kywitt, Kywitt, what a beautiful bird am I!’ + +And she now felt quite happy and lighthearted; she put on the shoes and +danced and jumped about in them. ‘I was so miserable,’ she said, ‘when I +came out, but that has all passed away; that is indeed a splendid bird, +and he has given me a pair of red shoes.’ + +The wife sprang up, with her hair standing out from her head like flames +of fire. ‘Then I will go out too,’ she said, ‘and see if it will lighten +my misery, for I feel as if the world were coming to an end.’ + +But as she crossed the threshold, crash! the bird threw the millstone +down on her head, and she was crushed to death. + +The father and little Marleen heard the sound and ran out, but they only +saw mist and flame and fire rising from the spot, and when these had +passed, there stood the little brother, and he took the father and +little Marleen by the hand; then they all three rejoiced, and went +inside together and sat down to their dinners and ate. + + + + +THE TURNIP + + +There were two brothers who were both soldiers; the one was rich and +the other poor. The poor man thought he would try to better himself; so, +pulling off his red coat, he became a gardener, and dug his ground well, +and sowed turnips. + +When the seed came up, there was one plant bigger than all the rest; and +it kept getting larger and larger, and seemed as if it would never cease +growing; so that it might have been called the prince of turnips for +there never was such a one seen before, and never will again. At last it +was so big that it filled a cart, and two oxen could hardly draw it; and +the gardener knew not what in the world to do with it, nor whether it +would be a blessing or a curse to him. One day he said to himself, ‘What +shall I do with it? if I sell it, it will bring no more than another; +and for eating, the little turnips are better than this; the best thing +perhaps is to carry it and give it to the king as a mark of respect.’ + +Then he yoked his oxen, and drew the turnip to the court, and gave it +to the king. ‘What a wonderful thing!’ said the king; ‘I have seen many +strange things, but such a monster as this I never saw. Where did you +get the seed? or is it only your good luck? If so, you are a true child +of fortune.’ ‘Ah, no!’ answered the gardener, ‘I am no child of fortune; +I am a poor soldier, who never could get enough to live upon; so I +laid aside my red coat, and set to work, tilling the ground. I have a +brother, who is rich, and your majesty knows him well, and all the world +knows him; but because I am poor, everybody forgets me.’ + +The king then took pity on him, and said, ‘You shall be poor no +longer. I will give you so much that you shall be even richer than your +brother.’ Then he gave him gold and lands and flocks, and made him so +rich that his brother’s fortune could not at all be compared with his. + +When the brother heard of all this, and how a turnip had made the +gardener so rich, he envied him sorely, and bethought himself how he +could contrive to get the same good fortune for himself. However, he +determined to manage more cleverly than his brother, and got together a +rich present of gold and fine horses for the king; and thought he must +have a much larger gift in return; for if his brother had received so +much for only a turnip, what must his present be worth? + +The king took the gift very graciously, and said he knew not what to +give in return more valuable and wonderful than the great turnip; so +the soldier was forced to put it into a cart, and drag it home with him. +When he reached home, he knew not upon whom to vent his rage and spite; +and at length wicked thoughts came into his head, and he resolved to +kill his brother. + +So he hired some villains to murder him; and having shown them where to +lie in ambush, he went to his brother, and said, ‘Dear brother, I have +found a hidden treasure; let us go and dig it up, and share it between +us.’ The other had no suspicions of his roguery: so they went out +together, and as they were travelling along, the murderers rushed out +upon him, bound him, and were going to hang him on a tree. + +But whilst they were getting all ready, they heard the trampling of a +horse at a distance, which so frightened them that they pushed their +prisoner neck and shoulders together into a sack, and swung him up by a +cord to the tree, where they left him dangling, and ran away. Meantime +he worked and worked away, till he made a hole large enough to put out +his head. + +When the horseman came up, he proved to be a student, a merry fellow, +who was journeying along on his nag, and singing as he went. As soon as +the man in the sack saw him passing under the tree, he cried out, ‘Good +morning! good morning to thee, my friend!’ The student looked about +everywhere; and seeing no one, and not knowing where the voice came +from, cried out, ‘Who calls me?’ + +Then the man in the tree answered, ‘Lift up thine eyes, for behold here +I sit in the sack of wisdom; here have I, in a short time, learned great +and wondrous things. Compared to this seat, all the learning of the +schools is as empty air. A little longer, and I shall know all that man +can know, and shall come forth wiser than the wisest of mankind. Here +I discern the signs and motions of the heavens and the stars; the laws +that control the winds; the number of the sands on the seashore; the +healing of the sick; the virtues of all simples, of birds, and of +precious stones. Wert thou but once here, my friend, though wouldst feel +and own the power of knowledge. + +The student listened to all this and wondered much; at last he said, +‘Blessed be the day and hour when I found you; cannot you contrive to +let me into the sack for a little while?’ Then the other answered, as if +very unwillingly, ‘A little space I may allow thee to sit here, if thou +wilt reward me well and entreat me kindly; but thou must tarry yet an +hour below, till I have learnt some little matters that are yet unknown +to me.’ + +So the student sat himself down and waited a while; but the time hung +heavy upon him, and he begged earnestly that he might ascend forthwith, +for his thirst for knowledge was great. Then the other pretended to give +way, and said, ‘Thou must let the sack of wisdom descend, by untying +yonder cord, and then thou shalt enter.’ So the student let him down, +opened the sack, and set him free. ‘Now then,’ cried he, ‘let me ascend +quickly.’ As he began to put himself into the sack heels first, ‘Wait a +while,’ said the gardener, ‘that is not the way.’ Then he pushed him +in head first, tied up the sack, and soon swung up the searcher after +wisdom dangling in the air. ‘How is it with thee, friend?’ said he, +‘dost thou not feel that wisdom comes unto thee? Rest there in peace, +till thou art a wiser man than thou wert.’ + +So saying, he trotted off on the student’s nag, and left the poor fellow +to gather wisdom till somebody should come and let him down. + + + + +CLEVER HANS + + +The mother of Hans said: ‘Whither away, Hans?’ Hans answered: ‘To +Gretel.’ ‘Behave well, Hans.’ ‘Oh, I’ll behave well. Goodbye, mother.’ +‘Goodbye, Hans.’ Hans comes to Gretel. ‘Good day, Gretel.’ ‘Good day, +Hans. What do you bring that is good?’ ‘I bring nothing, I want to have +something given me.’ Gretel presents Hans with a needle, Hans says: +‘Goodbye, Gretel.’ ‘Goodbye, Hans.’ + +Hans takes the needle, sticks it into a hay-cart, and follows the cart +home. ‘Good evening, mother.’ ‘Good evening, Hans. Where have you been?’ +‘With Gretel.’ ‘What did you take her?’ ‘Took nothing; had something +given me.’ ‘What did Gretel give you?’ ‘Gave me a needle.’ ‘Where is the +needle, Hans?’ ‘Stuck in the hay-cart.’ ‘That was ill done, Hans. You +should have stuck the needle in your sleeve.’ ‘Never mind, I’ll do +better next time.’ + +‘Whither away, Hans?’ ‘To Gretel, mother.’ ‘Behave well, Hans.’ ‘Oh, +I’ll behave well. Goodbye, mother.’ ‘Goodbye, Hans.’ Hans comes to +Gretel. ‘Good day, Gretel.’ ‘Good day, Hans. What do you bring that is +good?’ ‘I bring nothing. I want to have something given to me.’ Gretel +presents Hans with a knife. ‘Goodbye, Gretel.’ ‘Goodbye, Hans.’ Hans +takes the knife, sticks it in his sleeve, and goes home. ‘Good evening, +mother.’ ‘Good evening, Hans. Where have you been?’ ‘With Gretel.’ What +did you take her?’ ‘Took her nothing, she gave me something.’ ‘What did +Gretel give you?’ ‘Gave me a knife.’ ‘Where is the knife, Hans?’ ‘Stuck +in my sleeve.’ ‘That’s ill done, Hans, you should have put the knife in +your pocket.’ ‘Never mind, will do better next time.’ + +‘Whither away, Hans?’ ‘To Gretel, mother.’ ‘Behave well, Hans.’ ‘Oh, +I’ll behave well. Goodbye, mother.’ ‘Goodbye, Hans.’ Hans comes to +Gretel. ‘Good day, Gretel.’ ‘Good day, Hans. What good thing do you +bring?’ ‘I bring nothing, I want something given me.’ Gretel presents +Hans with a young goat. ‘Goodbye, Gretel.’ ‘Goodbye, Hans.’ Hans takes +the goat, ties its legs, and puts it in his pocket. When he gets home it +is suffocated. ‘Good evening, mother.’ ‘Good evening, Hans. Where have +you been?’ ‘With Gretel.’ ‘What did you take her?’ ‘Took nothing, she +gave me something.’ ‘What did Gretel give you?’ ‘She gave me a goat.’ +‘Where is the goat, Hans?’ ‘Put it in my pocket.’ ‘That was ill done, +Hans, you should have put a rope round the goat’s neck.’ ‘Never mind, +will do better next time.’ + +‘Whither away, Hans?’ ‘To Gretel, mother.’ ‘Behave well, Hans.’ ‘Oh, +I’ll behave well. Goodbye, mother.’ ‘Goodbye, Hans.’ Hans comes to +Gretel. ‘Good day, Gretel.’ ‘Good day, Hans. What good thing do you +bring?’ ‘I bring nothing, I want something given me.’ Gretel presents +Hans with a piece of bacon. ‘Goodbye, Gretel.’ ‘Goodbye, Hans.’ + +Hans takes the bacon, ties it to a rope, and drags it away behind him. +The dogs come and devour the bacon. When he gets home, he has the rope +in his hand, and there is no longer anything hanging on to it. ‘Good +evening, mother.’ ‘Good evening, Hans. Where have you been?’ ‘With +Gretel.’ ‘What did you take her?’ ‘I took her nothing, she gave me +something.’ ‘What did Gretel give you?’ ‘Gave me a bit of bacon.’ ‘Where +is the bacon, Hans?’ ‘I tied it to a rope, brought it home, dogs took +it.’ ‘That was ill done, Hans, you should have carried the bacon on your +head.’ ‘Never mind, will do better next time.’ + +‘Whither away, Hans?’ ‘To Gretel, mother.’ ‘Behave well, Hans.’ ‘I’ll +behave well. Goodbye, mother.’ ‘Goodbye, Hans.’ Hans comes to Gretel. +‘Good day, Gretel.’ ‘Good day, Hans, What good thing do you bring?’ ‘I +bring nothing, but would have something given.’ Gretel presents Hans +with a calf. ‘Goodbye, Gretel.’ ‘Goodbye, Hans.’ + +Hans takes the calf, puts it on his head, and the calf kicks his face. +‘Good evening, mother.’ ‘Good evening, Hans. Where have you been?’ ‘With +Gretel.’ ‘What did you take her?’ ‘I took nothing, but had something +given me.’ ‘What did Gretel give you?’ ‘A calf.’ ‘Where have you the +calf, Hans?’ ‘I set it on my head and it kicked my face.’ ‘That was +ill done, Hans, you should have led the calf, and put it in the stall.’ +‘Never mind, will do better next time.’ + +‘Whither away, Hans?’ ‘To Gretel, mother.’ ‘Behave well, Hans.’ ‘I’ll +behave well. Goodbye, mother.’ ‘Goodbye, Hans.’ + +Hans comes to Gretel. ‘Good day, Gretel.’ ‘Good day, Hans. What good +thing do you bring?’ ‘I bring nothing, but would have something given.’ +Gretel says to Hans: ‘I will go with you.’ + +Hans takes Gretel, ties her to a rope, leads her to the rack, and binds +her fast. Then Hans goes to his mother. ‘Good evening, mother.’ ‘Good +evening, Hans. Where have you been?’ ‘With Gretel.’ ‘What did you take +her?’ ‘I took her nothing.’ ‘What did Gretel give you?’ ‘She gave me +nothing, she came with me.’ ‘Where have you left Gretel?’ ‘I led her by +the rope, tied her to the rack, and scattered some grass for her.’ ‘That +was ill done, Hans, you should have cast friendly eyes on her.’ ‘Never +mind, will do better.’ + +Hans went into the stable, cut out all the calves’ and sheep’s eyes, +and threw them in Gretel’s face. Then Gretel became angry, tore herself +loose and ran away, and was no longer the bride of Hans. + + + + +THE THREE LANGUAGES + + +An aged count once lived in Switzerland, who had an only son, but he +was stupid, and could learn nothing. Then said the father: ‘Hark you, +my son, try as I will I can get nothing into your head. You must go from +hence, I will give you into the care of a celebrated master, who shall +see what he can do with you.’ The youth was sent into a strange town, +and remained a whole year with the master. At the end of this time, +he came home again, and his father asked: ‘Now, my son, what have you +learnt?’ ‘Father, I have learnt what the dogs say when they bark.’ ‘Lord +have mercy on us!’ cried the father; ‘is that all you have learnt? I +will send you into another town, to another master.’ The youth was taken +thither, and stayed a year with this master likewise. When he came back +the father again asked: ‘My son, what have you learnt?’ He answered: +‘Father, I have learnt what the birds say.’ Then the father fell into a +rage and said: ‘Oh, you lost man, you have spent the precious time and +learnt nothing; are you not ashamed to appear before my eyes? I will +send you to a third master, but if you learn nothing this time also, I +will no longer be your father.’ The youth remained a whole year with the +third master also, and when he came home again, and his father inquired: +‘My son, what have you learnt?’ he answered: ‘Dear father, I have this +year learnt what the frogs croak.’ Then the father fell into the most +furious anger, sprang up, called his people thither, and said: ‘This man +is no longer my son, I drive him forth, and command you to take him +out into the forest, and kill him.’ They took him forth, but when they +should have killed him, they could not do it for pity, and let him go, +and they cut the eyes and tongue out of a deer that they might carry +them to the old man as a token. + +The youth wandered on, and after some time came to a fortress where he +begged for a night’s lodging. ‘Yes,’ said the lord of the castle, ‘if +you will pass the night down there in the old tower, go thither; but I +warn you, it is at the peril of your life, for it is full of wild dogs, +which bark and howl without stopping, and at certain hours a man has to +be given to them, whom they at once devour.’ The whole district was in +sorrow and dismay because of them, and yet no one could do anything to +stop this. The youth, however, was without fear, and said: ‘Just let me +go down to the barking dogs, and give me something that I can throw to +them; they will do nothing to harm me.’ As he himself would have it so, +they gave him some food for the wild animals, and led him down to the +tower. When he went inside, the dogs did not bark at him, but wagged +their tails quite amicably around him, ate what he set before them, and +did not hurt one hair of his head. Next morning, to the astonishment of +everyone, he came out again safe and unharmed, and said to the lord of +the castle: ‘The dogs have revealed to me, in their own language, why +they dwell there, and bring evil on the land. They are bewitched, and +are obliged to watch over a great treasure which is below in the tower, +and they can have no rest until it is taken away, and I have likewise +learnt, from their discourse, how that is to be done.’ Then all who +heard this rejoiced, and the lord of the castle said he would adopt him +as a son if he accomplished it successfully. He went down again, and +as he knew what he had to do, he did it thoroughly, and brought a chest +full of gold out with him. The howling of the wild dogs was henceforth +heard no more; they had disappeared, and the country was freed from the +trouble. + +After some time he took it in his head that he would travel to Rome. On +the way he passed by a marsh, in which a number of frogs were sitting +croaking. He listened to them, and when he became aware of what they +were saying, he grew very thoughtful and sad. At last he arrived in +Rome, where the Pope had just died, and there was great doubt among +the cardinals as to whom they should appoint as his successor. They at +length agreed that the person should be chosen as pope who should be +distinguished by some divine and miraculous token. And just as that was +decided on, the young count entered into the church, and suddenly two +snow-white doves flew on his shoulders and remained sitting there. The +ecclesiastics recognized therein the token from above, and asked him on +the spot if he would be pope. He was undecided, and knew not if he were +worthy of this, but the doves counselled him to do it, and at length he +said yes. Then was he anointed and consecrated, and thus was fulfilled +what he had heard from the frogs on his way, which had so affected him, +that he was to be his Holiness the Pope. Then he had to sing a mass, and +did not know one word of it, but the two doves sat continually on his +shoulders, and said it all in his ear. + + + + +THE FOX AND THE CAT + + +It happened that the cat met the fox in a forest, and as she thought to +herself: ‘He is clever and full of experience, and much esteemed in the +world,’ she spoke to him in a friendly way. ‘Good day, dear Mr Fox, +how are you? How is all with you? How are you getting on in these hard +times?’ The fox, full of all kinds of arrogance, looked at the cat from +head to foot, and for a long time did not know whether he would give +any answer or not. At last he said: ‘Oh, you wretched beard-cleaner, you +piebald fool, you hungry mouse-hunter, what can you be thinking of? Have +you the cheek to ask how I am getting on? What have you learnt? How +many arts do you understand?’ ‘I understand but one,’ replied the +cat, modestly. ‘What art is that?’ asked the fox. ‘When the hounds are +following me, I can spring into a tree and save myself.’ ‘Is that all?’ +said the fox. ‘I am master of a hundred arts, and have into the bargain +a sackful of cunning. You make me sorry for you; come with me, I will +teach you how people get away from the hounds.’ Just then came a hunter +with four dogs. The cat sprang nimbly up a tree, and sat down at the top +of it, where the branches and foliage quite concealed her. ‘Open your +sack, Mr Fox, open your sack,’ cried the cat to him, but the dogs had +already seized him, and were holding him fast. ‘Ah, Mr Fox,’ cried the +cat. ‘You with your hundred arts are left in the lurch! Had you been +able to climb like me, you would not have lost your life.’ + + + + +THE FOUR CLEVER BROTHERS + + +‘Dear children,’ said a poor man to his four sons, ‘I have nothing to +give you; you must go out into the wide world and try your luck. Begin +by learning some craft or another, and see how you can get on.’ So the +four brothers took their walking-sticks in their hands, and their little +bundles on their shoulders, and after bidding their father goodbye, went +all out at the gate together. When they had got on some way they came +to four crossways, each leading to a different country. Then the eldest +said, ‘Here we must part; but this day four years we will come back +to this spot, and in the meantime each must try what he can do for +himself.’ + +So each brother went his way; and as the eldest was hastening on a man +met him, and asked him where he was going, and what he wanted. ‘I am +going to try my luck in the world, and should like to begin by learning +some art or trade,’ answered he. ‘Then,’ said the man, ‘go with me, and +I will teach you to become the cunningest thief that ever was.’ ‘No,’ +said the other, ‘that is not an honest calling, and what can one look +to earn by it in the end but the gallows?’ ‘Oh!’ said the man, ‘you need +not fear the gallows; for I will only teach you to steal what will be +fair game: I meddle with nothing but what no one else can get or care +anything about, and where no one can find you out.’ So the young man +agreed to follow his trade, and he soon showed himself so clever, that +nothing could escape him that he had once set his mind upon. + +The second brother also met a man, who, when he found out what he was +setting out upon, asked him what craft he meant to follow. ‘I do not +know yet,’ said he. ‘Then come with me, and be a star-gazer. It is a +noble art, for nothing can be hidden from you, when once you understand +the stars.’ The plan pleased him much, and he soon became such a skilful +star-gazer, that when he had served out his time, and wanted to leave +his master, he gave him a glass, and said, ‘With this you can see all +that is passing in the sky and on earth, and nothing can be hidden from +you.’ + +The third brother met a huntsman, who took him with him, and taught him +so well all that belonged to hunting, that he became very clever in the +craft of the woods; and when he left his master he gave him a bow, and +said, ‘Whatever you shoot at with this bow you will be sure to hit.’ + +The youngest brother likewise met a man who asked him what he wished to +do. ‘Would not you like,’ said he, ‘to be a tailor?’ ‘Oh, no!’ said +the young man; ‘sitting cross-legged from morning to night, working +backwards and forwards with a needle and goose, will never suit me.’ +‘Oh!’ answered the man, ‘that is not my sort of tailoring; come with me, +and you will learn quite another kind of craft from that.’ Not knowing +what better to do, he came into the plan, and learnt tailoring from the +beginning; and when he left his master, he gave him a needle, and said, +‘You can sew anything with this, be it as soft as an egg or as hard as +steel; and the joint will be so fine that no seam will be seen.’ + +After the space of four years, at the time agreed upon, the four +brothers met at the four cross-roads; and having welcomed each other, +set off towards their father’s home, where they told him all that had +happened to them, and how each had learned some craft. + +Then, one day, as they were sitting before the house under a very high +tree, the father said, ‘I should like to try what each of you can do in +this way.’ So he looked up, and said to the second son, ‘At the top of +this tree there is a chaffinch’s nest; tell me how many eggs there are +in it.’ The star-gazer took his glass, looked up, and said, ‘Five.’ +‘Now,’ said the father to the eldest son, ‘take away the eggs without +letting the bird that is sitting upon them and hatching them know +anything of what you are doing.’ So the cunning thief climbed up the +tree, and brought away to his father the five eggs from under the bird; +and it never saw or felt what he was doing, but kept sitting on at its +ease. Then the father took the eggs, and put one on each corner of the +table, and the fifth in the middle, and said to the huntsman, ‘Cut all +the eggs in two pieces at one shot.’ The huntsman took up his bow, and +at one shot struck all the five eggs as his father wished. + +‘Now comes your turn,’ said he to the young tailor; ‘sew the eggs and +the young birds in them together again, so neatly that the shot shall +have done them no harm.’ Then the tailor took his needle, and sewed the +eggs as he was told; and when he had done, the thief was sent to take +them back to the nest, and put them under the bird without its knowing +it. Then she went on sitting, and hatched them: and in a few days they +crawled out, and had only a little red streak across their necks, where +the tailor had sewn them together. + +‘Well done, sons!’ said the old man; ‘you have made good use of your +time, and learnt something worth the knowing; but I am sure I do not +know which ought to have the prize. Oh, that a time might soon come for +you to turn your skill to some account!’ + +Not long after this there was a great bustle in the country; for the +king’s daughter had been carried off by a mighty dragon, and the king +mourned over his loss day and night, and made it known that whoever +brought her back to him should have her for a wife. Then the four +brothers said to each other, ‘Here is a chance for us; let us try +what we can do.’ And they agreed to see whether they could not set the +princess free. ‘I will soon find out where she is, however,’ said the +star-gazer, as he looked through his glass; and he soon cried out, ‘I +see her afar off, sitting upon a rock in the sea, and I can spy the +dragon close by, guarding her.’ Then he went to the king, and asked for +a ship for himself and his brothers; and they sailed together over the +sea, till they came to the right place. There they found the princess +sitting, as the star-gazer had said, on the rock; and the dragon was +lying asleep, with his head upon her lap. ‘I dare not shoot at him,’ +said the huntsman, ‘for I should kill the beautiful young lady also.’ +‘Then I will try my skill,’ said the thief, and went and stole her away +from under the dragon, so quietly and gently that the beast did not know +it, but went on snoring. + +Then away they hastened with her full of joy in their boat towards the +ship; but soon came the dragon roaring behind them through the air; for +he awoke and missed the princess. But when he got over the boat, and +wanted to pounce upon them and carry off the princess, the huntsman took +up his bow and shot him straight through the heart so that he fell down +dead. They were still not safe; for he was such a great beast that in +his fall he overset the boat, and they had to swim in the open sea +upon a few planks. So the tailor took his needle, and with a few large +stitches put some of the planks together; and he sat down upon these, +and sailed about and gathered up all pieces of the boat; and then tacked +them together so quickly that the boat was soon ready, and they then +reached the ship and got home safe. + +When they had brought home the princess to her father, there was great +rejoicing; and he said to the four brothers, ‘One of you shall marry +her, but you must settle amongst yourselves which it is to be.’ Then +there arose a quarrel between them; and the star-gazer said, ‘If I had +not found the princess out, all your skill would have been of no use; +therefore she ought to be mine.’ ‘Your seeing her would have been of +no use,’ said the thief, ‘if I had not taken her away from the dragon; +therefore she ought to be mine.’ ‘No, she is mine,’ said the huntsman; +‘for if I had not killed the dragon, he would, after all, have torn you +and the princess into pieces.’ ‘And if I had not sewn the boat together +again,’ said the tailor, ‘you would all have been drowned, therefore she +is mine.’ Then the king put in a word, and said, ‘Each of you is right; +and as all cannot have the young lady, the best way is for neither of +you to have her: for the truth is, there is somebody she likes a great +deal better. But to make up for your loss, I will give each of you, as a +reward for his skill, half a kingdom.’ So the brothers agreed that this +plan would be much better than either quarrelling or marrying a lady who +had no mind to have them. And the king then gave to each half a kingdom, +as he had said; and they lived very happily the rest of their days, and +took good care of their father; and somebody took better care of the +young lady, than to let either the dragon or one of the craftsmen have +her again. + + + + +LILY AND THE LION + + +A merchant, who had three daughters, was once setting out upon a +journey; but before he went he asked each daughter what gift he should +bring back for her. The eldest wished for pearls; the second for jewels; +but the third, who was called Lily, said, ‘Dear father, bring me a +rose.’ Now it was no easy task to find a rose, for it was the middle +of winter; yet as she was his prettiest daughter, and was very fond of +flowers, her father said he would try what he could do. So he kissed all +three, and bid them goodbye. + +And when the time came for him to go home, he had bought pearls and +jewels for the two eldest, but he had sought everywhere in vain for the +rose; and when he went into any garden and asked for such a thing, the +people laughed at him, and asked him whether he thought roses grew in +snow. This grieved him very much, for Lily was his dearest child; and as +he was journeying home, thinking what he should bring her, he came to a +fine castle; and around the castle was a garden, in one half of which it +seemed to be summer-time and in the other half winter. On one side the +finest flowers were in full bloom, and on the other everything looked +dreary and buried in the snow. ‘A lucky hit!’ said he, as he called to +his servant, and told him to go to a beautiful bed of roses that was +there, and bring him away one of the finest flowers. + +This done, they were riding away well pleased, when up sprang a fierce +lion, and roared out, ‘Whoever has stolen my roses shall be eaten up +alive!’ Then the man said, ‘I knew not that the garden belonged to you; +can nothing save my life?’ ‘No!’ said the lion, ‘nothing, unless you +undertake to give me whatever meets you on your return home; if you +agree to this, I will give you your life, and the rose too for your +daughter.’ But the man was unwilling to do so and said, ‘It may be my +youngest daughter, who loves me most, and always runs to meet me when +I go home.’ Then the servant was greatly frightened, and said, ‘It may +perhaps be only a cat or a dog.’ And at last the man yielded with a +heavy heart, and took the rose; and said he would give the lion whatever +should meet him first on his return. + +And as he came near home, it was Lily, his youngest and dearest +daughter, that met him; she came running, and kissed him, and welcomed +him home; and when she saw that he had brought her the rose, she was +still more glad. But her father began to be very sorrowful, and to weep, +saying, ‘Alas, my dearest child! I have bought this flower at a high +price, for I have said I would give you to a wild lion; and when he has +you, he will tear you in pieces, and eat you.’ Then he told her all that +had happened, and said she should not go, let what would happen. + +But she comforted him, and said, ‘Dear father, the word you have given +must be kept; I will go to the lion, and soothe him: perhaps he will let +me come safe home again.’ + +The next morning she asked the way she was to go, and took leave of her +father, and went forth with a bold heart into the wood. But the lion was +an enchanted prince. By day he and all his court were lions, but in the +evening they took their right forms again. And when Lily came to the +castle, he welcomed her so courteously that she agreed to marry him. The +wedding-feast was held, and they lived happily together a long time. The +prince was only to be seen as soon as evening came, and then he held his +court; but every morning he left his bride, and went away by himself, +she knew not whither, till the night came again. + +After some time he said to her, ‘Tomorrow there will be a great feast in +your father’s house, for your eldest sister is to be married; and if +you wish to go and visit her my lions shall lead you thither.’ Then she +rejoiced much at the thoughts of seeing her father once more, and set +out with the lions; and everyone was overjoyed to see her, for they had +thought her dead long since. But she told them how happy she was, and +stayed till the feast was over, and then went back to the wood. + +Her second sister was soon after married, and when Lily was asked to +go to the wedding, she said to the prince, ‘I will not go alone this +time--you must go with me.’ But he would not, and said that it would be +a very hazardous thing; for if the least ray of the torch-light should +fall upon him his enchantment would become still worse, for he should be +changed into a dove, and be forced to wander about the world for seven +long years. However, she gave him no rest, and said she would take care +no light should fall upon him. So at last they set out together, and +took with them their little child; and she chose a large hall with thick +walls for him to sit in while the wedding-torches were lighted; but, +unluckily, no one saw that there was a crack in the door. Then the +wedding was held with great pomp, but as the train came from the church, +and passed with the torches before the hall, a very small ray of light +fell upon the prince. In a moment he disappeared, and when his wife came +in and looked for him, she found only a white dove; and it said to her, +‘Seven years must I fly up and down over the face of the earth, but +every now and then I will let fall a white feather, that will show you +the way I am going; follow it, and at last you may overtake and set me +free.’ + +This said, he flew out at the door, and poor Lily followed; and every +now and then a white feather fell, and showed her the way she was to +journey. Thus she went roving on through the wide world, and looked +neither to the right hand nor to the left, nor took any rest, for seven +years. Then she began to be glad, and thought to herself that the time +was fast coming when all her troubles should end; yet repose was still +far off, for one day as she was travelling on she missed the white +feather, and when she lifted up her eyes she could nowhere see the dove. +‘Now,’ thought she to herself, ‘no aid of man can be of use to me.’ So +she went to the sun and said, ‘Thou shinest everywhere, on the hill’s +top and the valley’s depth--hast thou anywhere seen my white dove?’ +‘No,’ said the sun, ‘I have not seen it; but I will give thee a +casket--open it when thy hour of need comes.’ + +So she thanked the sun, and went on her way till eventide; and when +the moon arose, she cried unto it, and said, ‘Thou shinest through the +night, over field and grove--hast thou nowhere seen my white dove?’ +‘No,’ said the moon, ‘I cannot help thee but I will give thee an +egg--break it when need comes.’ + +Then she thanked the moon, and went on till the night-wind blew; and she +raised up her voice to it, and said, ‘Thou blowest through every tree +and under every leaf--hast thou not seen my white dove?’ ‘No,’ said the +night-wind, ‘but I will ask three other winds; perhaps they have seen +it.’ Then the east wind and the west wind came, and said they too had +not seen it, but the south wind said, ‘I have seen the white dove--he +has fled to the Red Sea, and is changed once more into a lion, for the +seven years are passed away, and there he is fighting with a dragon; +and the dragon is an enchanted princess, who seeks to separate him from +you.’ Then the night-wind said, ‘I will give thee counsel. Go to the +Red Sea; on the right shore stand many rods--count them, and when thou +comest to the eleventh, break it off, and smite the dragon with it; and +so the lion will have the victory, and both of them will appear to you +in their own forms. Then look round and thou wilt see a griffin, winged +like bird, sitting by the Red Sea; jump on to his back with thy beloved +one as quickly as possible, and he will carry you over the waters to +your home. I will also give thee this nut,’ continued the night-wind. +‘When you are half-way over, throw it down, and out of the waters will +immediately spring up a high nut-tree on which the griffin will be able +to rest, otherwise he would not have the strength to bear you the whole +way; if, therefore, thou dost forget to throw down the nut, he will let +you both fall into the sea.’ + +So our poor wanderer went forth, and found all as the night-wind had +said; and she plucked the eleventh rod, and smote the dragon, and the +lion forthwith became a prince, and the dragon a princess again. But +no sooner was the princess released from the spell, than she seized +the prince by the arm and sprang on to the griffin’s back, and went off +carrying the prince away with her. + +Thus the unhappy traveller was again forsaken and forlorn; but she +took heart and said, ‘As far as the wind blows, and so long as the cock +crows, I will journey on, till I find him once again.’ She went on for +a long, long way, till at length she came to the castle whither the +princess had carried the prince; and there was a feast got ready, and +she heard that the wedding was about to be held. ‘Heaven aid me now!’ +said she; and she took the casket that the sun had given her, and found +that within it lay a dress as dazzling as the sun itself. So she put it +on, and went into the palace, and all the people gazed upon her; and +the dress pleased the bride so much that she asked whether it was to be +sold. ‘Not for gold and silver.’ said she, ‘but for flesh and blood.’ +The princess asked what she meant, and she said, ‘Let me speak with the +bridegroom this night in his chamber, and I will give thee the dress.’ +At last the princess agreed, but she told her chamberlain to give the +prince a sleeping draught, that he might not hear or see her. When +evening came, and the prince had fallen asleep, she was led into +his chamber, and she sat herself down at his feet, and said: ‘I have +followed thee seven years. I have been to the sun, the moon, and the +night-wind, to seek thee, and at last I have helped thee to overcome +the dragon. Wilt thou then forget me quite?’ But the prince all the time +slept so soundly, that her voice only passed over him, and seemed like +the whistling of the wind among the fir-trees. + +Then poor Lily was led away, and forced to give up the golden dress; and +when she saw that there was no help for her, she went out into a meadow, +and sat herself down and wept. But as she sat she bethought herself of +the egg that the moon had given her; and when she broke it, there ran +out a hen and twelve chickens of pure gold, that played about, and then +nestled under the old one’s wings, so as to form the most beautiful +sight in the world. And she rose up and drove them before her, till the +bride saw them from her window, and was so pleased that she came forth +and asked her if she would sell the brood. ‘Not for gold or silver, but +for flesh and blood: let me again this evening speak with the bridegroom +in his chamber, and I will give thee the whole brood.’ + +Then the princess thought to betray her as before, and agreed to +what she asked: but when the prince went to his chamber he asked +the chamberlain why the wind had whistled so in the night. And the +chamberlain told him all--how he had given him a sleeping draught, and +how a poor maiden had come and spoken to him in his chamber, and was +to come again that night. Then the prince took care to throw away the +sleeping draught; and when Lily came and began again to tell him what +woes had befallen her, and how faithful and true to him she had been, +he knew his beloved wife’s voice, and sprang up, and said, ‘You have +awakened me as from a dream, for the strange princess had thrown a spell +around me, so that I had altogether forgotten you; but Heaven hath sent +you to me in a lucky hour.’ + +And they stole away out of the palace by night unawares, and seated +themselves on the griffin, who flew back with them over the Red Sea. +When they were half-way across Lily let the nut fall into the water, +and immediately a large nut-tree arose from the sea, whereon the griffin +rested for a while, and then carried them safely home. There they found +their child, now grown up to be comely and fair; and after all their +troubles they lived happily together to the end of their days. + + + + +THE FOX AND THE HORSE + + +A farmer had a horse that had been an excellent faithful servant to +him: but he was now grown too old to work; so the farmer would give him +nothing more to eat, and said, ‘I want you no longer, so take yourself +off out of my stable; I shall not take you back again until you are +stronger than a lion.’ Then he opened the door and turned him adrift. + +The poor horse was very melancholy, and wandered up and down in the +wood, seeking some little shelter from the cold wind and rain. Presently +a fox met him: ‘What’s the matter, my friend?’ said he, ‘why do you hang +down your head and look so lonely and woe-begone?’ ‘Ah!’ replied the +horse, ‘justice and avarice never dwell in one house; my master has +forgotten all that I have done for him so many years, and because I +can no longer work he has turned me adrift, and says unless I become +stronger than a lion he will not take me back again; what chance can I +have of that? he knows I have none, or he would not talk so.’ + +However, the fox bid him be of good cheer, and said, ‘I will help you; +lie down there, stretch yourself out quite stiff, and pretend to be +dead.’ The horse did as he was told, and the fox went straight to the +lion who lived in a cave close by, and said to him, ‘A little way off +lies a dead horse; come with me and you may make an excellent meal of +his carcase.’ The lion was greatly pleased, and set off immediately; and +when they came to the horse, the fox said, ‘You will not be able to eat +him comfortably here; I’ll tell you what--I will tie you fast to +his tail, and then you can draw him to your den, and eat him at your +leisure.’ + +This advice pleased the lion, so he laid himself down quietly for the +fox to make him fast to the horse. But the fox managed to tie his legs +together and bound all so hard and fast that with all his strength he +could not set himself free. When the work was done, the fox clapped the +horse on the shoulder, and said, ‘Jip! Dobbin! Jip!’ Then up he sprang, +and moved off, dragging the lion behind him. The beast began to roar +and bellow, till all the birds of the wood flew away for fright; but the +horse let him sing on, and made his way quietly over the fields to his +master’s house. + +‘Here he is, master,’ said he, ‘I have got the better of him’: and when +the farmer saw his old servant, his heart relented, and he said. ‘Thou +shalt stay in thy stable and be well taken care of.’ And so the poor old +horse had plenty to eat, and lived--till he died. + + + + +THE BLUE LIGHT + + +There was once upon a time a soldier who for many years had served the +king faithfully, but when the war came to an end could serve no longer +because of the many wounds which he had received. The king said to him: +‘You may return to your home, I need you no longer, and you will not +receive any more money, for he only receives wages who renders me +service for them.’ Then the soldier did not know how to earn a living, +went away greatly troubled, and walked the whole day, until in the +evening he entered a forest. When darkness came on, he saw a light, +which he went up to, and came to a house wherein lived a witch. ‘Do give +me one night’s lodging, and a little to eat and drink,’ said he to +her, ‘or I shall starve.’ ‘Oho!’ she answered, ‘who gives anything to a +run-away soldier? Yet will I be compassionate, and take you in, if you +will do what I wish.’ ‘What do you wish?’ said the soldier. ‘That you +should dig all round my garden for me, tomorrow.’ The soldier consented, +and next day laboured with all his strength, but could not finish it by +the evening. ‘I see well enough,’ said the witch, ‘that you can do no +more today, but I will keep you yet another night, in payment for +which you must tomorrow chop me a load of wood, and chop it small.’ The +soldier spent the whole day in doing it, and in the evening the witch +proposed that he should stay one night more. ‘Tomorrow, you shall only +do me a very trifling piece of work. Behind my house, there is an old +dry well, into which my light has fallen, it burns blue, and never goes +out, and you shall bring it up again.’ Next day the old woman took him +to the well, and let him down in a basket. He found the blue light, and +made her a signal to draw him up again. She did draw him up, but when he +came near the edge, she stretched down her hand and wanted to take the +blue light away from him. ‘No,’ said he, perceiving her evil intention, +‘I will not give you the light until I am standing with both feet upon +the ground.’ The witch fell into a passion, let him fall again into the +well, and went away. + +The poor soldier fell without injury on the moist ground, and the blue +light went on burning, but of what use was that to him? He saw very well +that he could not escape death. He sat for a while very sorrowfully, +then suddenly he felt in his pocket and found his tobacco pipe, which +was still half full. ‘This shall be my last pleasure,’ thought he, +pulled it out, lit it at the blue light and began to smoke. When the +smoke had circled about the cavern, suddenly a little black dwarf stood +before him, and said: ‘Lord, what are your commands?’ ‘What my commands +are?’ replied the soldier, quite astonished. ‘I must do everything you +bid me,’ said the little man. ‘Good,’ said the soldier; ‘then in the +first place help me out of this well.’ The little man took him by the +hand, and led him through an underground passage, but he did not forget +to take the blue light with him. On the way the dwarf showed him the +treasures which the witch had collected and hidden there, and the +soldier took as much gold as he could carry. When he was above, he said +to the little man: ‘Now go and bind the old witch, and carry her before +the judge.’ In a short time she came by like the wind, riding on a wild +tom-cat and screaming frightfully. Nor was it long before the little man +reappeared. ‘It is all done,’ said he, ‘and the witch is already hanging +on the gallows. What further commands has my lord?’ inquired the dwarf. +‘At this moment, none,’ answered the soldier; ‘you can return home, only +be at hand immediately, if I summon you.’ ‘Nothing more is needed than +that you should light your pipe at the blue light, and I will appear +before you at once.’ Thereupon he vanished from his sight. + +The soldier returned to the town from which he came. He went to the +best inn, ordered himself handsome clothes, and then bade the landlord +furnish him a room as handsome as possible. When it was ready and the +soldier had taken possession of it, he summoned the little black manikin +and said: ‘I have served the king faithfully, but he has dismissed me, +and left me to hunger, and now I want to take my revenge.’ ‘What am I to +do?’ asked the little man. ‘Late at night, when the king’s daughter is +in bed, bring her here in her sleep, she shall do servant’s work for +me.’ The manikin said: ‘That is an easy thing for me to do, but a very +dangerous thing for you, for if it is discovered, you will fare ill.’ +When twelve o’clock had struck, the door sprang open, and the manikin +carried in the princess. ‘Aha! are you there?’ cried the soldier, ‘get +to your work at once! Fetch the broom and sweep the chamber.’ When +she had done this, he ordered her to come to his chair, and then he +stretched out his feet and said: ‘Pull off my boots,’ and then he +threw them in her face, and made her pick them up again, and clean +and brighten them. She, however, did everything he bade her, without +opposition, silently and with half-shut eyes. When the first cock +crowed, the manikin carried her back to the royal palace, and laid her +in her bed. + +Next morning when the princess arose she went to her father, and told +him that she had had a very strange dream. ‘I was carried through the +streets with the rapidity of lightning,’ said she, ‘and taken into a +soldier’s room, and I had to wait upon him like a servant, sweep his +room, clean his boots, and do all kinds of menial work. It was only a +dream, and yet I am just as tired as if I really had done everything.’ +‘The dream may have been true,’ said the king. ‘I will give you a piece +of advice. Fill your pocket full of peas, and make a small hole in the +pocket, and then if you are carried away again, they will fall out and +leave a track in the streets.’ But unseen by the king, the manikin was +standing beside him when he said that, and heard all. At night when +the sleeping princess was again carried through the streets, some peas +certainly did fall out of her pocket, but they made no track, for the +crafty manikin had just before scattered peas in every street there +was. And again the princess was compelled to do servant’s work until +cock-crow. + +Next morning the king sent his people out to seek the track, but it was +all in vain, for in every street poor children were sitting, picking up +peas, and saying: ‘It must have rained peas, last night.’ ‘We must think +of something else,’ said the king; ‘keep your shoes on when you go to +bed, and before you come back from the place where you are taken, hide +one of them there, I will soon contrive to find it.’ The black manikin +heard this plot, and at night when the soldier again ordered him to +bring the princess, revealed it to him, and told him that he knew of no +expedient to counteract this stratagem, and that if the shoe were found +in the soldier’s house it would go badly with him. ‘Do what I bid you,’ +replied the soldier, and again this third night the princess was obliged +to work like a servant, but before she went away, she hid her shoe under +the bed. + +Next morning the king had the entire town searched for his daughter’s +shoe. It was found at the soldier’s, and the soldier himself, who at the +entreaty of the dwarf had gone outside the gate, was soon brought back, +and thrown into prison. In his flight he had forgotten the most valuable +things he had, the blue light and the gold, and had only one ducat in +his pocket. And now loaded with chains, he was standing at the window of +his dungeon, when he chanced to see one of his comrades passing by. The +soldier tapped at the pane of glass, and when this man came up, said to +him: ‘Be so kind as to fetch me the small bundle I have left lying in +the inn, and I will give you a ducat for doing it.’ His comrade ran +thither and brought him what he wanted. As soon as the soldier was alone +again, he lighted his pipe and summoned the black manikin. ‘Have no +fear,’ said the latter to his master. ‘Go wheresoever they take you, and +let them do what they will, only take the blue light with you.’ Next day +the soldier was tried, and though he had done nothing wicked, the judge +condemned him to death. When he was led forth to die, he begged a last +favour of the king. ‘What is it?’ asked the king. ‘That I may smoke one +more pipe on my way.’ ‘You may smoke three,’ answered the king, ‘but do +not imagine that I will spare your life.’ Then the soldier pulled out +his pipe and lighted it at the blue light, and as soon as a few wreaths +of smoke had ascended, the manikin was there with a small cudgel in his +hand, and said: ‘What does my lord command?’ ‘Strike down to earth that +false judge there, and his constable, and spare not the king who has +treated me so ill.’ Then the manikin fell on them like lightning, +darting this way and that way, and whosoever was so much as touched by +his cudgel fell to earth, and did not venture to stir again. The king +was terrified; he threw himself on the soldier’s mercy, and merely to +be allowed to live at all, gave him his kingdom for his own, and his +daughter to wife. + + + + +THE RAVEN + + +There was once a queen who had a little daughter, still too young to run +alone. One day the child was very troublesome, and the mother could not +quiet it, do what she would. She grew impatient, and seeing the ravens +flying round the castle, she opened the window, and said: ‘I wish you +were a raven and would fly away, then I should have a little peace.’ +Scarcely were the words out of her mouth, when the child in her arms was +turned into a raven, and flew away from her through the open window. The +bird took its flight to a dark wood and remained there for a long time, +and meanwhile the parents could hear nothing of their child. + +Long after this, a man was making his way through the wood when he heard +a raven calling, and he followed the sound of the voice. As he drew +near, the raven said, ‘I am by birth a king’s daughter, but am now under +the spell of some enchantment; you can, however, set me free.’ ‘What +am I to do?’ he asked. She replied, ‘Go farther into the wood until you +come to a house, wherein lives an old woman; she will offer you food and +drink, but you must not take of either; if you do, you will fall into +a deep sleep, and will not be able to help me. In the garden behind the +house is a large tan-heap, and on that you must stand and watch for me. +I shall drive there in my carriage at two o’clock in the afternoon for +three successive days; the first day it will be drawn by four white, the +second by four chestnut, and the last by four black horses; but if you +fail to keep awake and I find you sleeping, I shall not be set free.’ + +The man promised to do all that she wished, but the raven said, ‘Alas! I +know even now that you will take something from the woman and be unable +to save me.’ The man assured her again that he would on no account touch +a thing to eat or drink. + +When he came to the house and went inside, the old woman met him, and +said, ‘Poor man! how tired you are! Come in and rest and let me give you +something to eat and drink.’ + +‘No,’ answered the man, ‘I will neither eat not drink.’ + +But she would not leave him alone, and urged him saying, ‘If you will +not eat anything, at least you might take a draught of wine; one drink +counts for nothing,’ and at last he allowed himself to be persuaded, and +drank. + +As it drew towards the appointed hour, he went outside into the garden +and mounted the tan-heap to await the raven. Suddenly a feeling of +fatigue came over him, and unable to resist it, he lay down for a little +while, fully determined, however, to keep awake; but in another minute +his eyes closed of their own accord, and he fell into such a deep sleep, +that all the noises in the world would not have awakened him. At two +o’clock the raven came driving along, drawn by her four white horses; +but even before she reached the spot, she said to herself, sighing, ‘I +know he has fallen asleep.’ When she entered the garden, there she found +him as she had feared, lying on the tan-heap, fast asleep. She got out +of her carriage and went to him; she called him and shook him, but it +was all in vain, he still continued sleeping. + +The next day at noon, the old woman came to him again with food and +drink which he at first refused. At last, overcome by her persistent +entreaties that he would take something, he lifted the glass and drank +again. + +Towards two o’clock he went into the garden and on to the tan-heap to +watch for the raven. He had not been there long before he began to feel +so tired that his limbs seemed hardly able to support him, and he could +not stand upright any longer; so again he lay down and fell fast asleep. +As the raven drove along her four chestnut horses, she said sorrowfully +to herself, ‘I know he has fallen asleep.’ She went as before to look +for him, but he slept, and it was impossible to awaken him. + +The following day the old woman said to him, ‘What is this? You are not +eating or drinking anything, do you want to kill yourself?’ + +He answered, ‘I may not and will not either eat or drink.’ + +But she put down the dish of food and the glass of wine in front of him, +and when he smelt the wine, he was unable to resist the temptation, and +took a deep draught. + +When the hour came round again he went as usual on to the tan-heap in +the garden to await the king’s daughter, but he felt even more overcome +with weariness than on the two previous days, and throwing himself down, +he slept like a log. At two o’clock the raven could be seen approaching, +and this time her coachman and everything about her, as well as her +horses, were black. + +She was sadder than ever as she drove along, and said mournfully, ‘I +know he has fallen asleep, and will not be able to set me free.’ She +found him sleeping heavily, and all her efforts to awaken him were of no +avail. Then she placed beside him a loaf, and some meat, and a flask +of wine, of such a kind, that however much he took of them, they would +never grow less. After that she drew a gold ring, on which her name was +engraved, off her finger, and put it upon one of his. Finally, she laid +a letter near him, in which, after giving him particulars of the food +and drink she had left for him, she finished with the following words: +‘I see that as long as you remain here you will never be able to set me +free; if, however, you still wish to do so, come to the golden castle +of Stromberg; this is well within your power to accomplish.’ She then +returned to her carriage and drove to the golden castle of Stromberg. + +When the man awoke and found that he had been sleeping, he was grieved +at heart, and said, ‘She has no doubt been here and driven away again, +and it is now too late for me to save her.’ Then his eyes fell on the +things which were lying beside him; he read the letter, and knew from it +all that had happened. He rose up without delay, eager to start on his +way and to reach the castle of Stromberg, but he had no idea in which +direction he ought to go. He travelled about a long time in search of it +and came at last to a dark forest, through which he went on walking for +fourteen days and still could not find a way out. Once more the night +came on, and worn out he lay down under a bush and fell asleep. Again +the next day he pursued his way through the forest, and that evening, +thinking to rest again, he lay down as before, but he heard such a +howling and wailing that he found it impossible to sleep. He waited till +it was darker and people had begun to light up their houses, and then +seeing a little glimmer ahead of him, he went towards it. + +He found that the light came from a house which looked smaller than +it really was, from the contrast of its height with that of an immense +giant who stood in front of it. He thought to himself, ‘If the giant +sees me going in, my life will not be worth much.’ However, after a +while he summoned up courage and went forward. When the giant saw him, +he called out, ‘It is lucky for that you have come, for I have not had +anything to eat for a long time. I can have you now for my supper.’ ‘I +would rather you let that alone,’ said the man, ‘for I do not willingly +give myself up to be eaten; if you are wanting food I have enough to +satisfy your hunger.’ ‘If that is so,’ replied the giant, ‘I will leave +you in peace; I only thought of eating you because I had nothing else.’ + +So they went indoors together and sat down, and the man brought out the +bread, meat, and wine, which although he had eaten and drunk of them, +were still unconsumed. The giant was pleased with the good cheer, and +ate and drank to his heart’s content. When he had finished his supper +the man asked him if he could direct him to the castle of Stromberg. +The giant said, ‘I will look on my map; on it are marked all the towns, +villages, and houses.’ So he fetched his map, and looked for the castle, +but could not find it. ‘Never mind,’ he said, ‘I have larger maps +upstairs in the cupboard, we will look on those,’ but they searched in +vain, for the castle was not marked even on these. The man now thought +he should like to continue his journey, but the giant begged him to +remain for a day or two longer until the return of his brother, who was +away in search of provisions. When the brother came home, they asked him +about the castle of Stromberg, and he told them he would look on his own +maps as soon as he had eaten and appeased his hunger. Accordingly, when +he had finished his supper, they all went up together to his room and +looked through his maps, but the castle was not to be found. Then he +fetched other older maps, and they went on looking for the castle until +at last they found it, but it was many thousand miles away. ‘How shall I +be able to get there?’ asked the man. ‘I have two hours to spare,’ said +the giant, ‘and I will carry you into the neighbourhood of the castle; I +must then return to look after the child who is in our care.’ + +The giant, thereupon, carried the man to within about a hundred leagues +of the castle, where he left him, saying, ‘You will be able to walk the +remainder of the way yourself.’ The man journeyed on day and night +till he reached the golden castle of Stromberg. He found it situated, +however, on a glass mountain, and looking up from the foot he saw the +enchanted maiden drive round her castle and then go inside. He was +overjoyed to see her, and longed to get to the top of the mountain, but +the sides were so slippery that every time he attempted to climb he +fell back again. When he saw that it was impossible to reach her, he was +greatly grieved, and said to himself, ‘I will remain here and wait for +her,’ so he built himself a little hut, and there he sat and watched for +a whole year, and every day he saw the king’s daughter driving round her +castle, but still was unable to get nearer to her. + +Looking out from his hut one day he saw three robbers fighting and he +called out to them, ‘God be with you.’ They stopped when they heard the +call, but looking round and seeing nobody, they went on again with their +fighting, which now became more furious. ‘God be with you,’ he cried +again, and again they paused and looked about, but seeing no one went +back to their fighting. A third time he called out, ‘God be with you,’ +and then thinking he should like to know the cause of dispute between +the three men, he went out and asked them why they were fighting so +angrily with one another. One of them said that he had found a stick, +and that he had but to strike it against any door through which he +wished to pass, and it immediately flew open. Another told him that he +had found a cloak which rendered its wearer invisible; and the third had +caught a horse which would carry its rider over any obstacle, and even +up the glass mountain. They had been unable to decide whether they +would keep together and have the things in common, or whether they would +separate. On hearing this, the man said, ‘I will give you something in +exchange for those three things; not money, for that I have not got, +but something that is of far more value. I must first, however, prove +whether all you have told me about your three things is true.’ The +robbers, therefore, made him get on the horse, and handed him the stick +and the cloak, and when he had put this round him he was no longer +visible. Then he fell upon them with the stick and beat them one after +another, crying, ‘There, you idle vagabonds, you have got what you +deserve; are you satisfied now!’ + +After this he rode up the glass mountain. When he reached the gate of +the castle, he found it closed, but he gave it a blow with his stick, +and it flew wide open at once and he passed through. He mounted the +steps and entered the room where the maiden was sitting, with a golden +goblet full of wine in front of her. She could not see him for he still +wore his cloak. He took the ring which she had given him off his finger, +and threw it into the goblet, so that it rang as it touched the bottom. +‘That is my own ring,’ she exclaimed, ‘and if that is so the man must +also be here who is coming to set me free.’ + +She sought for him about the castle, but could find him nowhere. +Meanwhile he had gone outside again and mounted his horse and thrown off +the cloak. When therefore she came to the castle gate she saw him, and +cried aloud for joy. Then he dismounted and took her in his arms; and +she kissed him, and said, ‘Now you have indeed set me free, and tomorrow +we will celebrate our marriage.’ + + + + +THE GOLDEN GOOSE + + +There was a man who had three sons, the youngest of whom was called +Dummling,[*] and was despised, mocked, and sneered at on every occasion. + + [*] Simpleton + +It happened that the eldest wanted to go into the forest to hew wood, +and before he went his mother gave him a beautiful sweet cake and a +bottle of wine in order that he might not suffer from hunger or thirst. + +When he entered the forest he met a little grey-haired old man who bade +him good day, and said: ‘Do give me a piece of cake out of your pocket, +and let me have a draught of your wine; I am so hungry and thirsty.’ But +the clever son answered: ‘If I give you my cake and wine, I shall have +none for myself; be off with you,’ and he left the little man standing +and went on. + +But when he began to hew down a tree, it was not long before he made a +false stroke, and the axe cut him in the arm, so that he had to go home +and have it bound up. And this was the little grey man’s doing. + +After this the second son went into the forest, and his mother gave him, +like the eldest, a cake and a bottle of wine. The little old grey man +met him likewise, and asked him for a piece of cake and a drink of wine. +But the second son, too, said sensibly enough: ‘What I give you will be +taken away from myself; be off!’ and he left the little man standing and +went on. His punishment, however, was not delayed; when he had made a +few blows at the tree he struck himself in the leg, so that he had to be +carried home. + +Then Dummling said: ‘Father, do let me go and cut wood.’ The father +answered: ‘Your brothers have hurt themselves with it, leave it alone, +you do not understand anything about it.’ But Dummling begged so long +that at last he said: ‘Just go then, you will get wiser by hurting +yourself.’ His mother gave him a cake made with water and baked in the +cinders, and with it a bottle of sour beer. + +When he came to the forest the little old grey man met him likewise, +and greeting him, said: ‘Give me a piece of your cake and a drink out +of your bottle; I am so hungry and thirsty.’ Dummling answered: ‘I have +only cinder-cake and sour beer; if that pleases you, we will sit +down and eat.’ So they sat down, and when Dummling pulled out his +cinder-cake, it was a fine sweet cake, and the sour beer had become good +wine. So they ate and drank, and after that the little man said: ‘Since +you have a good heart, and are willing to divide what you have, I will +give you good luck. There stands an old tree, cut it down, and you will +find something at the roots.’ Then the little man took leave of him. + +Dummling went and cut down the tree, and when it fell there was a goose +sitting in the roots with feathers of pure gold. He lifted her up, and +taking her with him, went to an inn where he thought he would stay the +night. Now the host had three daughters, who saw the goose and were +curious to know what such a wonderful bird might be, and would have +liked to have one of its golden feathers. + +The eldest thought: ‘I shall soon find an opportunity of pulling out a +feather,’ and as soon as Dummling had gone out she seized the goose by +the wing, but her finger and hand remained sticking fast to it. + +The second came soon afterwards, thinking only of how she might get a +feather for herself, but she had scarcely touched her sister than she +was held fast. + +At last the third also came with the like intent, and the others +screamed out: ‘Keep away; for goodness’ sake keep away!’ But she did +not understand why she was to keep away. ‘The others are there,’ she +thought, ‘I may as well be there too,’ and ran to them; but as soon as +she had touched her sister, she remained sticking fast to her. So they +had to spend the night with the goose. + +The next morning Dummling took the goose under his arm and set out, +without troubling himself about the three girls who were hanging on to +it. They were obliged to run after him continually, now left, now right, +wherever his legs took him. + +In the middle of the fields the parson met them, and when he saw the +procession he said: ‘For shame, you good-for-nothing girls, why are you +running across the fields after this young man? Is that seemly?’ At the +same time he seized the youngest by the hand in order to pull her away, +but as soon as he touched her he likewise stuck fast, and was himself +obliged to run behind. + +Before long the sexton came by and saw his master, the parson, running +behind three girls. He was astonished at this and called out: ‘Hi! +your reverence, whither away so quickly? Do not forget that we have a +christening today!’ and running after him he took him by the sleeve, but +was also held fast to it. + +Whilst the five were trotting thus one behind the other, two labourers +came with their hoes from the fields; the parson called out to them +and begged that they would set him and the sexton free. But they had +scarcely touched the sexton when they were held fast, and now there were +seven of them running behind Dummling and the goose. + +Soon afterwards he came to a city, where a king ruled who had a daughter +who was so serious that no one could make her laugh. So he had put forth +a decree that whosoever should be able to make her laugh should marry +her. When Dummling heard this, he went with his goose and all her train +before the king’s daughter, and as soon as she saw the seven people +running on and on, one behind the other, she began to laugh quite +loudly, and as if she would never stop. Thereupon Dummling asked to have +her for his wife; but the king did not like the son-in-law, and made all +manner of excuses and said he must first produce a man who could drink +a cellarful of wine. Dummling thought of the little grey man, who could +certainly help him; so he went into the forest, and in the same place +where he had felled the tree, he saw a man sitting, who had a very +sorrowful face. Dummling asked him what he was taking to heart so +sorely, and he answered: ‘I have such a great thirst and cannot quench +it; cold water I cannot stand, a barrel of wine I have just emptied, but +that to me is like a drop on a hot stone!’ + +‘There, I can help you,’ said Dummling, ‘just come with me and you shall +be satisfied.’ + +He led him into the king’s cellar, and the man bent over the huge +barrels, and drank and drank till his loins hurt, and before the day was +out he had emptied all the barrels. Then Dummling asked once more +for his bride, but the king was vexed that such an ugly fellow, whom +everyone called Dummling, should take away his daughter, and he made a +new condition; he must first find a man who could eat a whole mountain +of bread. Dummling did not think long, but went straight into the +forest, where in the same place there sat a man who was tying up his +body with a strap, and making an awful face, and saying: ‘I have eaten a +whole ovenful of rolls, but what good is that when one has such a hunger +as I? My stomach remains empty, and I must tie myself up if I am not to +die of hunger.’ + +At this Dummling was glad, and said: ‘Get up and come with me; you shall +eat yourself full.’ He led him to the king’s palace where all the +flour in the whole Kingdom was collected, and from it he caused a huge +mountain of bread to be baked. The man from the forest stood before it, +began to eat, and by the end of one day the whole mountain had vanished. +Then Dummling for the third time asked for his bride; but the king again +sought a way out, and ordered a ship which could sail on land and on +water. ‘As soon as you come sailing back in it,’ said he, ‘you shall +have my daughter for wife.’ + +Dummling went straight into the forest, and there sat the little grey +man to whom he had given his cake. When he heard what Dummling wanted, +he said: ‘Since you have given me to eat and to drink, I will give you +the ship; and I do all this because you once were kind to me.’ Then he +gave him the ship which could sail on land and water, and when the king +saw that, he could no longer prevent him from having his daughter. The +wedding was celebrated, and after the king’s death, Dummling inherited +his kingdom and lived for a long time contentedly with his wife. + + + + +THE WATER OF LIFE + + +Long before you or I were born, there reigned, in a country a great way +off, a king who had three sons. This king once fell very ill--so ill +that nobody thought he could live. His sons were very much grieved +at their father’s sickness; and as they were walking together very +mournfully in the garden of the palace, a little old man met them and +asked what was the matter. They told him that their father was very ill, +and that they were afraid nothing could save him. ‘I know what would,’ +said the little old man; ‘it is the Water of Life. If he could have a +draught of it he would be well again; but it is very hard to get.’ Then +the eldest son said, ‘I will soon find it’: and he went to the sick +king, and begged that he might go in search of the Water of Life, as +it was the only thing that could save him. ‘No,’ said the king. ‘I had +rather die than place you in such great danger as you must meet with in +your journey.’ But he begged so hard that the king let him go; and the +prince thought to himself, ‘If I bring my father this water, he will +make me sole heir to his kingdom.’ + +Then he set out: and when he had gone on his way some time he came to a +deep valley, overhung with rocks and woods; and as he looked around, he +saw standing above him on one of the rocks a little ugly dwarf, with a +sugarloaf cap and a scarlet cloak; and the dwarf called to him and said, +‘Prince, whither so fast?’ ‘What is that to thee, you ugly imp?’ said +the prince haughtily, and rode on. + +But the dwarf was enraged at his behaviour, and laid a fairy spell +of ill-luck upon him; so that as he rode on the mountain pass became +narrower and narrower, and at last the way was so straitened that he +could not go to step forward: and when he thought to have turned his +horse round and go back the way he came, he heard a loud laugh ringing +round him, and found that the path was closed behind him, so that he was +shut in all round. He next tried to get off his horse and make his way +on foot, but again the laugh rang in his ears, and he found himself +unable to move a step, and thus he was forced to abide spellbound. + +Meantime the old king was lingering on in daily hope of his son’s +return, till at last the second son said, ‘Father, I will go in search +of the Water of Life.’ For he thought to himself, ‘My brother is surely +dead, and the kingdom will fall to me if I find the water.’ The king was +at first very unwilling to let him go, but at last yielded to his wish. +So he set out and followed the same road which his brother had done, +and met with the same elf, who stopped him at the same spot in the +mountains, saying, as before, ‘Prince, prince, whither so fast?’ ‘Mind +your own affairs, busybody!’ said the prince scornfully, and rode on. + +But the dwarf put the same spell upon him as he put on his elder +brother, and he, too, was at last obliged to take up his abode in the +heart of the mountains. Thus it is with proud silly people, who think +themselves above everyone else, and are too proud to ask or take advice. + +When the second prince had thus been gone a long time, the youngest son +said he would go and search for the Water of Life, and trusted he should +soon be able to make his father well again. So he set out, and the dwarf +met him too at the same spot in the valley, among the mountains, and +said, ‘Prince, whither so fast?’ And the prince said, ‘I am going in +search of the Water of Life, because my father is ill, and like to die: +can you help me? Pray be kind, and aid me if you can!’ ‘Do you know +where it is to be found?’ asked the dwarf. ‘No,’ said the prince, ‘I do +not. Pray tell me if you know.’ ‘Then as you have spoken to me kindly, +and are wise enough to seek for advice, I will tell you how and where to +go. The water you seek springs from a well in an enchanted castle; and, +that you may be able to reach it in safety, I will give you an iron wand +and two little loaves of bread; strike the iron door of the castle three +times with the wand, and it will open: two hungry lions will be lying +down inside gaping for their prey, but if you throw them the bread they +will let you pass; then hasten on to the well, and take some of the +Water of Life before the clock strikes twelve; for if you tarry longer +the door will shut upon you for ever.’ + +Then the prince thanked his little friend with the scarlet cloak for his +friendly aid, and took the wand and the bread, and went travelling on +and on, over sea and over land, till he came to his journey’s end, and +found everything to be as the dwarf had told him. The door flew open at +the third stroke of the wand, and when the lions were quieted he went on +through the castle and came at length to a beautiful hall. Around it he +saw several knights sitting in a trance; then he pulled off their rings +and put them on his own fingers. In another room he saw on a table a +sword and a loaf of bread, which he also took. Further on he came to a +room where a beautiful young lady sat upon a couch; and she welcomed him +joyfully, and said, if he would set her free from the spell that bound +her, the kingdom should be his, if he would come back in a year and +marry her. Then she told him that the well that held the Water of Life +was in the palace gardens; and bade him make haste, and draw what he +wanted before the clock struck twelve. + +He walked on; and as he walked through beautiful gardens he came to a +delightful shady spot in which stood a couch; and he thought to himself, +as he felt tired, that he would rest himself for a while, and gaze on +the lovely scenes around him. So he laid himself down, and sleep +fell upon him unawares, so that he did not wake up till the clock was +striking a quarter to twelve. Then he sprang from the couch dreadfully +frightened, ran to the well, filled a cup that was standing by him full +of water, and hastened to get away in time. Just as he was going out of +the iron door it struck twelve, and the door fell so quickly upon him +that it snapped off a piece of his heel. + +When he found himself safe, he was overjoyed to think that he had got +the Water of Life; and as he was going on his way homewards, he passed +by the little dwarf, who, when he saw the sword and the loaf, said, ‘You +have made a noble prize; with the sword you can at a blow slay whole +armies, and the bread will never fail you.’ Then the prince thought +to himself, ‘I cannot go home to my father without my brothers’; so he +said, ‘My dear friend, cannot you tell me where my two brothers are, who +set out in search of the Water of Life before me, and never came back?’ +‘I have shut them up by a charm between two mountains,’ said the dwarf, +‘because they were proud and ill-behaved, and scorned to ask advice.’ +The prince begged so hard for his brothers, that the dwarf at last set +them free, though unwillingly, saying, ‘Beware of them, for they have +bad hearts.’ Their brother, however, was greatly rejoiced to see them, +and told them all that had happened to him; how he had found the Water +of Life, and had taken a cup full of it; and how he had set a beautiful +princess free from a spell that bound her; and how she had engaged to +wait a whole year, and then to marry him, and to give him the kingdom. + +Then they all three rode on together, and on their way home came to a +country that was laid waste by war and a dreadful famine, so that it was +feared all must die for want. But the prince gave the king of the land +the bread, and all his kingdom ate of it. And he lent the king the +wonderful sword, and he slew the enemy’s army with it; and thus the +kingdom was once more in peace and plenty. In the same manner he +befriended two other countries through which they passed on their way. + +When they came to the sea, they got into a ship and during their voyage +the two eldest said to themselves, ‘Our brother has got the water which +we could not find, therefore our father will forsake us and give him the +kingdom, which is our right’; so they were full of envy and revenge, and +agreed together how they could ruin him. Then they waited till he was +fast asleep, and poured the Water of Life out of the cup, and took it +for themselves, giving him bitter sea-water instead. + +When they came to their journey’s end, the youngest son brought his cup +to the sick king, that he might drink and be healed. Scarcely, however, +had he tasted the bitter sea-water when he became worse even than he was +before; and then both the elder sons came in, and blamed the youngest +for what they had done; and said that he wanted to poison their father, +but that they had found the Water of Life, and had brought it with them. +He no sooner began to drink of what they brought him, than he felt his +sickness leave him, and was as strong and well as in his younger days. +Then they went to their brother, and laughed at him, and said, ‘Well, +brother, you found the Water of Life, did you? You have had the trouble +and we shall have the reward. Pray, with all your cleverness, why did +not you manage to keep your eyes open? Next year one of us will take +away your beautiful princess, if you do not take care. You had better +say nothing about this to our father, for he does not believe a word you +say; and if you tell tales, you shall lose your life into the bargain: +but be quiet, and we will let you off.’ + +The old king was still very angry with his youngest son, and thought +that he really meant to have taken away his life; so he called his court +together, and asked what should be done, and all agreed that he ought to +be put to death. The prince knew nothing of what was going on, till one +day, when the king’s chief huntsmen went a-hunting with him, and they +were alone in the wood together, the huntsman looked so sorrowful that +the prince said, ‘My friend, what is the matter with you?’ ‘I cannot and +dare not tell you,’ said he. But the prince begged very hard, and said, +‘Only tell me what it is, and do not think I shall be angry, for I will +forgive you.’ ‘Alas!’ said the huntsman; ‘the king has ordered me to +shoot you.’ The prince started at this, and said, ‘Let me live, and I +will change dresses with you; you shall take my royal coat to show to my +father, and do you give me your shabby one.’ ‘With all my heart,’ said +the huntsman; ‘I am sure I shall be glad to save you, for I could not +have shot you.’ Then he took the prince’s coat, and gave him the shabby +one, and went away through the wood. + +Some time after, three grand embassies came to the old king’s court, +with rich gifts of gold and precious stones for his youngest son; now +all these were sent from the three kings to whom he had lent his sword +and loaf of bread, in order to rid them of their enemy and feed their +people. This touched the old king’s heart, and he thought his son might +still be guiltless, and said to his court, ‘O that my son were still +alive! how it grieves me that I had him killed!’ ‘He is still alive,’ +said the huntsman; ‘and I am glad that I had pity on him, but let him +go in peace, and brought home his royal coat.’ At this the king was +overwhelmed with joy, and made it known throughout all his kingdom, that +if his son would come back to his court he would forgive him. + +Meanwhile the princess was eagerly waiting till her deliverer should +come back; and had a road made leading up to her palace all of shining +gold; and told her courtiers that whoever came on horseback, and rode +straight up to the gate upon it, was her true lover; and that they must +let him in: but whoever rode on one side of it, they must be sure was +not the right one; and that they must send him away at once. + +The time soon came, when the eldest brother thought that he would make +haste to go to the princess, and say that he was the one who had set +her free, and that he should have her for his wife, and the kingdom with +her. As he came before the palace and saw the golden road, he stopped to +look at it, and he thought to himself, ‘It is a pity to ride upon this +beautiful road’; so he turned aside and rode on the right-hand side of +it. But when he came to the gate, the guards, who had seen the road +he took, said to him, he could not be what he said he was, and must go +about his business. + +The second prince set out soon afterwards on the same errand; and when +he came to the golden road, and his horse had set one foot upon it, +he stopped to look at it, and thought it very beautiful, and said to +himself, ‘What a pity it is that anything should tread here!’ Then he +too turned aside and rode on the left side of it. But when he came to +the gate the guards said he was not the true prince, and that he too +must go away about his business; and away he went. + +Now when the full year was come round, the third brother left the forest +in which he had lain hid for fear of his father’s anger, and set out in +search of his betrothed bride. So he journeyed on, thinking of her all +the way, and rode so quickly that he did not even see what the road was +made of, but went with his horse straight over it; and as he came to the +gate it flew open, and the princess welcomed him with joy, and said +he was her deliverer, and should now be her husband and lord of the +kingdom. When the first joy at their meeting was over, the princess told +him she had heard of his father having forgiven him, and of his wish to +have him home again: so, before his wedding with the princess, he went +to visit his father, taking her with him. Then he told him everything; +how his brothers had cheated and robbed him, and yet that he had borne +all those wrongs for the love of his father. And the old king was very +angry, and wanted to punish his wicked sons; but they made their escape, +and got into a ship and sailed away over the wide sea, and where they +went to nobody knew and nobody cared. + +And now the old king gathered together his court, and asked all his +kingdom to come and celebrate the wedding of his son and the princess. +And young and old, noble and squire, gentle and simple, came at once +on the summons; and among the rest came the friendly dwarf, with the +sugarloaf hat, and a new scarlet cloak. + + And the wedding was held, and the merry bells run. + And all the good people they danced and they sung, + And feasted and frolick’d I can’t tell how long. + + + + +THE TWELVE HUNTSMEN + + +There was once a king’s son who had a bride whom he loved very much. And +when he was sitting beside her and very happy, news came that his father +lay sick unto death, and desired to see him once again before his end. +Then he said to his beloved: ‘I must now go and leave you, I give you +a ring as a remembrance of me. When I am king, I will return and fetch +you.’ So he rode away, and when he reached his father, the latter was +dangerously ill, and near his death. He said to him: ‘Dear son, I wished +to see you once again before my end, promise me to marry as I wish,’ and +he named a certain king’s daughter who was to be his wife. The son was +in such trouble that he did not think what he was doing, and said: ‘Yes, +dear father, your will shall be done,’ and thereupon the king shut his +eyes, and died. + +When therefore the son had been proclaimed king, and the time of +mourning was over, he was forced to keep the promise which he had given +his father, and caused the king’s daughter to be asked in marriage, and +she was promised to him. His first betrothed heard of this, and fretted +so much about his faithfulness that she nearly died. Then her father +said to her: ‘Dearest child, why are you so sad? You shall have +whatsoever you will.’ She thought for a moment and said: ‘Dear father, +I wish for eleven girls exactly like myself in face, figure, and size.’ +The father said: ‘If it be possible, your desire shall be fulfilled,’ +and he caused a search to be made in his whole kingdom, until eleven +young maidens were found who exactly resembled his daughter in face, +figure, and size. + +When they came to the king’s daughter, she had twelve suits of +huntsmen’s clothes made, all alike, and the eleven maidens had to put +on the huntsmen’s clothes, and she herself put on the twelfth suit. +Thereupon she took her leave of her father, and rode away with them, +and rode to the court of her former betrothed, whom she loved so dearly. +Then she asked if he required any huntsmen, and if he would take all of +them into his service. The king looked at her and did not know her, but +as they were such handsome fellows, he said: ‘Yes,’ and that he would +willingly take them, and now they were the king’s twelve huntsmen. + +The king, however, had a lion which was a wondrous animal, for he knew +all concealed and secret things. It came to pass that one evening he +said to the king: ‘You think you have twelve huntsmen?’ ‘Yes,’ said the +king, ‘they are twelve huntsmen.’ The lion continued: ‘You are mistaken, +they are twelve girls.’ The king said: ‘That cannot be true! How +will you prove that to me?’ ‘Oh, just let some peas be strewn in the +ante-chamber,’ answered the lion, ‘and then you will soon see. Men have +a firm step, and when they walk over peas none of them stir, but girls +trip and skip, and drag their feet, and the peas roll about.’ The king +was well pleased with the counsel, and caused the peas to be strewn. + +There was, however, a servant of the king’s who favoured the huntsmen, +and when he heard that they were going to be put to this test he went to +them and repeated everything, and said: ‘The lion wants to make the king +believe that you are girls.’ Then the king’s daughter thanked him, and +said to her maidens: ‘Show some strength, and step firmly on the peas.’ +So next morning when the king had the twelve huntsmen called before +him, and they came into the ante-chamber where the peas were lying, they +stepped so firmly on them, and had such a strong, sure walk, that not +one of the peas either rolled or stirred. Then they went away again, +and the king said to the lion: ‘You have lied to me, they walk just like +men.’ The lion said: ‘They have been informed that they were going to +be put to the test, and have assumed some strength. Just let twelve +spinning-wheels be brought into the ante-chamber, and they will go to +them and be pleased with them, and that is what no man would do.’ +The king liked the advice, and had the spinning-wheels placed in the +ante-chamber. + +But the servant, who was well disposed to the huntsmen, went to them, +and disclosed the project. So when they were alone the king’s daughter +said to her eleven girls: ‘Show some constraint, and do not look round +at the spinning-wheels.’ And next morning when the king had his twelve +huntsmen summoned, they went through the ante-chamber, and never once +looked at the spinning-wheels. Then the king again said to the lion: +‘You have deceived me, they are men, for they have not looked at the +spinning-wheels.’ The lion replied: ‘They have restrained themselves.’ +The king, however, would no longer believe the lion. + +The twelve huntsmen always followed the king to the chase, and his +liking for them continually increased. Now it came to pass that +once when they were out hunting, news came that the king’s bride was +approaching. When the true bride heard that, it hurt her so much that +her heart was almost broken, and she fell fainting to the ground. The +king thought something had happened to his dear huntsman, ran up to him, +wanted to help him, and drew his glove off. Then he saw the ring which +he had given to his first bride, and when he looked in her face he +recognized her. Then his heart was so touched that he kissed her, and +when she opened her eyes he said: ‘You are mine, and I am yours, and +no one in the world can alter that.’ He sent a messenger to the other +bride, and entreated her to return to her own kingdom, for he had a wife +already, and someone who had just found an old key did not require a new +one. Thereupon the wedding was celebrated, and the lion was again taken +into favour, because, after all, he had told the truth. + + + + +THE KING OF THE GOLDEN MOUNTAIN + + +There was once a merchant who had only one child, a son, that was very +young, and barely able to run alone. He had two richly laden ships then +making a voyage upon the seas, in which he had embarked all his wealth, +in the hope of making great gains, when the news came that both were +lost. Thus from being a rich man he became all at once so very poor that +nothing was left to him but one small plot of land; and there he often +went in an evening to take his walk, and ease his mind of a little of +his trouble. + +One day, as he was roaming along in a brown study, thinking with no +great comfort on what he had been and what he now was, and was like +to be, all on a sudden there stood before him a little, rough-looking, +black dwarf. ‘Prithee, friend, why so sorrowful?’ said he to the +merchant; ‘what is it you take so deeply to heart?’ ‘If you would do me +any good I would willingly tell you,’ said the merchant. ‘Who knows but +I may?’ said the little man: ‘tell me what ails you, and perhaps you +will find I may be of some use.’ Then the merchant told him how all his +wealth was gone to the bottom of the sea, and how he had nothing left +but that little plot of land. ‘Oh, trouble not yourself about that,’ +said the dwarf; ‘only undertake to bring me here, twelve years hence, +whatever meets you first on your going home, and I will give you as much +as you please.’ The merchant thought this was no great thing to ask; +that it would most likely be his dog or his cat, or something of that +sort, but forgot his little boy Heinel; so he agreed to the bargain, and +signed and sealed the bond to do what was asked of him. + +But as he drew near home, his little boy was so glad to see him that he +crept behind him, and laid fast hold of his legs, and looked up in +his face and laughed. Then the father started, trembling with fear and +horror, and saw what it was that he had bound himself to do; but as no +gold was come, he made himself easy by thinking that it was only a joke +that the dwarf was playing him, and that, at any rate, when the money +came, he should see the bearer, and would not take it in. + +About a month afterwards he went upstairs into a lumber-room to look +for some old iron, that he might sell it and raise a little money; and +there, instead of his iron, he saw a large pile of gold lying on the +floor. At the sight of this he was overjoyed, and forgetting all about +his son, went into trade again, and became a richer merchant than +before. + +Meantime little Heinel grew up, and as the end of the twelve years drew +near the merchant began to call to mind his bond, and became very sad +and thoughtful; so that care and sorrow were written upon his face. The +boy one day asked what was the matter, but his father would not tell for +some time; at last, however, he said that he had, without knowing it, +sold him for gold to a little, ugly-looking, black dwarf, and that the +twelve years were coming round when he must keep his word. Then Heinel +said, ‘Father, give yourself very little trouble about that; I shall be +too much for the little man.’ + +When the time came, the father and son went out together to the place +agreed upon: and the son drew a circle on the ground, and set himself +and his father in the middle of it. The little black dwarf soon came, +and walked round and round about the circle, but could not find any way +to get into it, and he either could not, or dared not, jump over it. At +last the boy said to him. ‘Have you anything to say to us, my friend, or +what do you want?’ Now Heinel had found a friend in a good fairy, that +was fond of him, and had told him what to do; for this fairy knew what +good luck was in store for him. ‘Have you brought me what you said you +would?’ said the dwarf to the merchant. The old man held his tongue, but +Heinel said again, ‘What do you want here?’ The dwarf said, ‘I come to +talk with your father, not with you.’ ‘You have cheated and taken in my +father,’ said the son; ‘pray give him up his bond at once.’ ‘Fair and +softly,’ said the little old man; ‘right is right; I have paid my money, +and your father has had it, and spent it; so be so good as to let me +have what I paid it for.’ ‘You must have my consent to that first,’ said +Heinel, ‘so please to step in here, and let us talk it over.’ The old +man grinned, and showed his teeth, as if he should have been very glad +to get into the circle if he could. Then at last, after a long talk, +they came to terms. Heinel agreed that his father must give him up, and +that so far the dwarf should have his way: but, on the other hand, the +fairy had told Heinel what fortune was in store for him, if he followed +his own course; and he did not choose to be given up to his hump-backed +friend, who seemed so anxious for his company. + +So, to make a sort of drawn battle of the matter, it was settled that +Heinel should be put into an open boat, that lay on the sea-shore hard +by; that the father should push him off with his own hand, and that he +should thus be set adrift, and left to the bad or good luck of wind and +weather. Then he took leave of his father, and set himself in the boat, +but before it got far off a wave struck it, and it fell with one side +low in the water, so the merchant thought that poor Heinel was lost, and +went home very sorrowful, while the dwarf went his way, thinking that at +any rate he had had his revenge. + +The boat, however, did not sink, for the good fairy took care of her +friend, and soon raised the boat up again, and it went safely on. The +young man sat safe within, till at length it ran ashore upon an unknown +land. As he jumped upon the shore he saw before him a beautiful castle +but empty and dreary within, for it was enchanted. ‘Here,’ said he to +himself, ‘must I find the prize the good fairy told me of.’ So he once +more searched the whole palace through, till at last he found a white +snake, lying coiled up on a cushion in one of the chambers. + +Now the white snake was an enchanted princess; and she was very glad +to see him, and said, ‘Are you at last come to set me free? Twelve +long years have I waited here for the fairy to bring you hither as she +promised, for you alone can save me. This night twelve men will come: +their faces will be black, and they will be dressed in chain armour. +They will ask what you do here, but give no answer; and let them do +what they will--beat, whip, pinch, prick, or torment you--bear all; only +speak not a word, and at twelve o’clock they must go away. The second +night twelve others will come: and the third night twenty-four, who +will even cut off your head; but at the twelfth hour of that night their +power is gone, and I shall be free, and will come and bring you the +Water of Life, and will wash you with it, and bring you back to life +and health.’ And all came to pass as she had said; Heinel bore all, and +spoke not a word; and the third night the princess came, and fell on his +neck and kissed him. Joy and gladness burst forth throughout the castle, +the wedding was celebrated, and he was crowned king of the Golden +Mountain. + +They lived together very happily, and the queen had a son. And thus +eight years had passed over their heads, when the king thought of his +father; and he began to long to see him once again. But the queen was +against his going, and said, ‘I know well that misfortunes will come +upon us if you go.’ However, he gave her no rest till she agreed. At his +going away she gave him a wishing-ring, and said, ‘Take this ring, and +put it on your finger; whatever you wish it will bring you; only promise +never to make use of it to bring me hence to your father’s house.’ Then +he said he would do what she asked, and put the ring on his finger, and +wished himself near the town where his father lived. + +Heinel found himself at the gates in a moment; but the guards would +not let him go in, because he was so strangely clad. So he went up to a +neighbouring hill, where a shepherd dwelt, and borrowed his old frock, +and thus passed unknown into the town. When he came to his father’s +house, he said he was his son; but the merchant would not believe him, +and said he had had but one son, his poor Heinel, who he knew was long +since dead: and as he was only dressed like a poor shepherd, he would +not even give him anything to eat. The king, however, still vowed that +he was his son, and said, ‘Is there no mark by which you would know me +if I am really your son?’ ‘Yes,’ said his mother, ‘our Heinel had a mark +like a raspberry on his right arm.’ Then he showed them the mark, and +they knew that what he had said was true. + +He next told them how he was king of the Golden Mountain, and was +married to a princess, and had a son seven years old. But the merchant +said, ‘that can never be true; he must be a fine king truly who travels +about in a shepherd’s frock!’ At this the son was vexed; and forgetting +his word, turned his ring, and wished for his queen and son. In an +instant they stood before him; but the queen wept, and said he had +broken his word, and bad luck would follow. He did all he could to +soothe her, and she at last seemed to be appeased; but she was not so in +truth, and was only thinking how she should punish him. + +One day he took her to walk with him out of the town, and showed her +the spot where the boat was set adrift upon the wide waters. Then he sat +himself down, and said, ‘I am very much tired; sit by me, I will rest my +head in your lap, and sleep a while.’ As soon as he had fallen asleep, +however, she drew the ring from his finger, and crept softly away, and +wished herself and her son at home in their kingdom. And when he awoke +he found himself alone, and saw that the ring was gone from his finger. +‘I can never go back to my father’s house,’ said he; ‘they would say I +am a sorcerer: I will journey forth into the world, till I come again to +my kingdom.’ + +So saying he set out and travelled till he came to a hill, where three +giants were sharing their father’s goods; and as they saw him pass they +cried out and said, ‘Little men have sharp wits; he shall part the goods +between us.’ Now there was a sword that cut off an enemy’s head whenever +the wearer gave the words, ‘Heads off!’; a cloak that made the owner +invisible, or gave him any form he pleased; and a pair of boots that +carried the wearer wherever he wished. Heinel said they must first let +him try these wonderful things, then he might know how to set a value +upon them. Then they gave him the cloak, and he wished himself a fly, +and in a moment he was a fly. ‘The cloak is very well,’ said he: ‘now +give me the sword.’ ‘No,’ said they; ‘not unless you undertake not to +say, “Heads off!” for if you do we are all dead men.’ So they gave it +him, charging him to try it on a tree. He next asked for the boots also; +and the moment he had all three in his power, he wished himself at +the Golden Mountain; and there he was at once. So the giants were left +behind with no goods to share or quarrel about. + +As Heinel came near his castle he heard the sound of merry music; and +the people around told him that his queen was about to marry another +husband. Then he threw his cloak around him, and passed through the +castle hall, and placed himself by the side of the queen, where no one +saw him. But when anything to eat was put upon her plate, he took it +away and ate it himself; and when a glass of wine was handed to her, he +took it and drank it; and thus, though they kept on giving her meat and +drink, her plate and cup were always empty. + +Upon this, fear and remorse came over her, and she went into her chamber +alone, and sat there weeping; and he followed her there. ‘Alas!’ said +she to herself, ‘was I not once set free? Why then does this enchantment +still seem to bind me?’ + +‘False and fickle one!’ said he. ‘One indeed came who set thee free, and +he is now near thee again; but how have you used him? Ought he to +have had such treatment from thee?’ Then he went out and sent away the +company, and said the wedding was at an end, for that he was come back +to the kingdom. But the princes, peers, and great men mocked at him. +However, he would enter into no parley with them, but only asked them +if they would go in peace or not. Then they turned upon him and tried +to seize him; but he drew his sword. ‘Heads Off!’ cried he; and with the +word the traitors’ heads fell before him, and Heinel was once more king +of the Golden Mountain. + + + + +DOCTOR KNOWALL + + +There was once upon a time a poor peasant called Crabb, who drove with +two oxen a load of wood to the town, and sold it to a doctor for two +talers. When the money was being counted out to him, it so happened that +the doctor was sitting at table, and when the peasant saw how well he +ate and drank, his heart desired what he saw, and would willingly +have been a doctor too. So he remained standing a while, and at length +inquired if he too could not be a doctor. ‘Oh, yes,’ said the doctor, +‘that is soon managed.’ ‘What must I do?’ asked the peasant. ‘In the +first place buy yourself an A B C book of the kind which has a cock on +the frontispiece; in the second, turn your cart and your two oxen into +money, and get yourself some clothes, and whatsoever else pertains to +medicine; thirdly, have a sign painted for yourself with the words: “I +am Doctor Knowall,” and have that nailed up above your house-door.’ The +peasant did everything that he had been told to do. When he had doctored +people awhile, but not long, a rich and great lord had some money +stolen. Then he was told about Doctor Knowall who lived in such and such +a village, and must know what had become of the money. So the lord had +the horses harnessed to his carriage, drove out to the village, and +asked Crabb if he were Doctor Knowall. Yes, he was, he said. Then he was +to go with him and bring back the stolen money. ‘Oh, yes, but Grete, my +wife, must go too.’ The lord was willing, and let both of them have a +seat in the carriage, and they all drove away together. When they came +to the nobleman’s castle, the table was spread, and Crabb was told to +sit down and eat. ‘Yes, but my wife, Grete, too,’ said he, and he seated +himself with her at the table. And when the first servant came with a +dish of delicate fare, the peasant nudged his wife, and said: ‘Grete, +that was the first,’ meaning that was the servant who brought the first +dish. The servant, however, thought he intended by that to say: ‘That is +the first thief,’ and as he actually was so, he was terrified, and said +to his comrade outside: ‘The doctor knows all: we shall fare ill, he +said I was the first.’ The second did not want to go in at all, but was +forced. So when he went in with his dish, the peasant nudged his wife, +and said: ‘Grete, that is the second.’ This servant was equally alarmed, +and he got out as fast as he could. The third fared no better, for the +peasant again said: ‘Grete, that is the third.’ The fourth had to carry +in a dish that was covered, and the lord told the doctor that he was to +show his skill, and guess what was beneath the cover. Actually, there +were crabs. The doctor looked at the dish, had no idea what to say, and +cried: ‘Ah, poor Crabb.’ When the lord heard that, he cried: ‘There! he +knows it; he must also know who has the money!’ + +On this the servants looked terribly uneasy, and made a sign to the +doctor that they wished him to step outside for a moment. When therefore +he went out, all four of them confessed to him that they had stolen +the money, and said that they would willingly restore it and give him a +heavy sum into the bargain, if he would not denounce them, for if he +did they would be hanged. They led him to the spot where the money was +concealed. With this the doctor was satisfied, and returned to the hall, +sat down to the table, and said: ‘My lord, now will I search in my book +where the gold is hidden.’ The fifth servant, however, crept into the +stove to hear if the doctor knew still more. But the doctor sat still +and opened his A B C book, turned the pages backwards and forwards, and +looked for the cock. As he could not find it immediately he said: ‘I +know you are there, so you had better come out!’ Then the fellow in the +stove thought that the doctor meant him, and full of terror, sprang out, +crying: ‘That man knows everything!’ Then Doctor Knowall showed the lord +where the money was, but did not say who had stolen it, and received +from both sides much money in reward, and became a renowned man. + + + + +THE SEVEN RAVENS + + +There was once a man who had seven sons, and last of all one daughter. +Although the little girl was very pretty, she was so weak and small that +they thought she could not live; but they said she should at once be +christened. + +So the father sent one of his sons in haste to the spring to get some +water, but the other six ran with him. Each wanted to be first at +drawing the water, and so they were in such a hurry that all let their +pitchers fall into the well, and they stood very foolishly looking at +one another, and did not know what to do, for none dared go home. In the +meantime the father was uneasy, and could not tell what made the +young men stay so long. ‘Surely,’ said he, ‘the whole seven must have +forgotten themselves over some game of play’; and when he had waited +still longer and they yet did not come, he flew into a rage and wished +them all turned into ravens. Scarcely had he spoken these words when he +heard a croaking over his head, and looked up and saw seven ravens as +black as coal flying round and round. Sorry as he was to see his wish +so fulfilled, he did not know how what was done could be undone, and +comforted himself as well as he could for the loss of his seven sons +with his dear little daughter, who soon became stronger and every day +more beautiful. + +For a long time she did not know that she had ever had any brothers; for +her father and mother took care not to speak of them before her: but one +day by chance she heard the people about her speak of them. ‘Yes,’ said +they, ‘she is beautiful indeed, but still ‘tis a pity that her brothers +should have been lost for her sake.’ Then she was much grieved, and went +to her father and mother, and asked if she had any brothers, and what +had become of them. So they dared no longer hide the truth from her, but +said it was the will of Heaven, and that her birth was only the innocent +cause of it; but the little girl mourned sadly about it every day, and +thought herself bound to do all she could to bring her brothers back; +and she had neither rest nor ease, till at length one day she stole +away, and set out into the wide world to find her brothers, wherever +they might be, and free them, whatever it might cost her. + +She took nothing with her but a little ring which her father and mother +had given her, a loaf of bread in case she should be hungry, a little +pitcher of water in case she should be thirsty, and a little stool +to rest upon when she should be weary. Thus she went on and on, and +journeyed till she came to the world’s end; then she came to the sun, +but the sun looked much too hot and fiery; so she ran away quickly to +the moon, but the moon was cold and chilly, and said, ‘I smell flesh +and blood this way!’ so she took herself away in a hurry and came to the +stars, and the stars were friendly and kind to her, and each star sat +upon his own little stool; but the morning star rose up and gave her a +little piece of wood, and said, ‘If you have not this little piece of +wood, you cannot unlock the castle that stands on the glass-mountain, +and there your brothers live.’ The little girl took the piece of wood, +rolled it up in a little cloth, and went on again until she came to the +glass-mountain, and found the door shut. Then she felt for the little +piece of wood; but when she unwrapped the cloth it was not there, and +she saw she had lost the gift of the good stars. What was to be done? +She wanted to save her brothers, and had no key of the castle of the +glass-mountain; so this faithful little sister took a knife out of her +pocket and cut off her little finger, that was just the size of the +piece of wood she had lost, and put it in the door and opened it. + +As she went in, a little dwarf came up to her, and said, ‘What are you +seeking for?’ ‘I seek for my brothers, the seven ravens,’ answered she. +Then the dwarf said, ‘My masters are not at home; but if you will wait +till they come, pray step in.’ Now the little dwarf was getting their +dinner ready, and he brought their food upon seven little plates, and +their drink in seven little glasses, and set them upon the table, and +out of each little plate their sister ate a small piece, and out of each +little glass she drank a small drop; but she let the ring that she had +brought with her fall into the last glass. + +On a sudden she heard a fluttering and croaking in the air, and the +dwarf said, ‘Here come my masters.’ When they came in, they wanted to +eat and drink, and looked for their little plates and glasses. Then said +one after the other, + +‘Who has eaten from my little plate? And who has been drinking out of my +little glass?’ + + ‘Caw! Caw! well I ween + Mortal lips have this way been.’ + +When the seventh came to the bottom of his glass, and found there the +ring, he looked at it, and knew that it was his father’s and mother’s, +and said, ‘O that our little sister would but come! then we should be +free.’ When the little girl heard this (for she stood behind the door +all the time and listened), she ran forward, and in an instant all +the ravens took their right form again; and all hugged and kissed each +other, and went merrily home. + + + + +THE WEDDING OF MRS FOX + + +FIRST STORY + +There was once upon a time an old fox with nine tails, who believed that +his wife was not faithful to him, and wished to put her to the test. He +stretched himself out under the bench, did not move a limb, and behaved +as if he were stone dead. Mrs Fox went up to her room, shut herself in, +and her maid, Miss Cat, sat by the fire, and did the cooking. When it +became known that the old fox was dead, suitors presented themselves. +The maid heard someone standing at the house-door, knocking. She went +and opened it, and it was a young fox, who said: + + ‘What may you be about, Miss Cat? + Do you sleep or do you wake?’ + +She answered: + + ‘I am not sleeping, I am waking, + Would you know what I am making? + I am boiling warm beer with butter, + Will you be my guest for supper?’ + +‘No, thank you, miss,’ said the fox, ‘what is Mrs Fox doing?’ The maid +replied: + + ‘She is sitting in her room, + Moaning in her gloom, + Weeping her little eyes quite red, + Because old Mr Fox is dead.’ + +‘Do just tell her, miss, that a young fox is here, who would like to woo +her.’ ‘Certainly, young sir.’ + + The cat goes up the stairs trip, trap, + The door she knocks at tap, tap, tap, + ‘Mistress Fox, are you inside?’ + ‘Oh, yes, my little cat,’ she cried. + ‘A wooer he stands at the door out there.’ + ‘What does he look like, my dear?’ + +‘Has he nine as beautiful tails as the late Mr Fox?’ ‘Oh, no,’ answered +the cat, ‘he has only one.’ ‘Then I will not have him.’ + +Miss Cat went downstairs and sent the wooer away. Soon afterwards there +was another knock, and another fox was at the door who wished to woo Mrs +Fox. He had two tails, but he did not fare better than the first. After +this still more came, each with one tail more than the other, but they +were all turned away, until at last one came who had nine tails, like +old Mr Fox. When the widow heard that, she said joyfully to the cat: + + ‘Now open the gates and doors all wide, + And carry old Mr Fox outside.’ + +But just as the wedding was going to be solemnized, old Mr Fox stirred +under the bench, and cudgelled all the rabble, and drove them and Mrs +Fox out of the house. + + +SECOND STORY + +When old Mr Fox was dead, the wolf came as a suitor, and knocked at the +door, and the cat who was servant to Mrs Fox, opened it for him. The +wolf greeted her, and said: + + ‘Good day, Mrs Cat of Kehrewit, + How comes it that alone you sit? + What are you making good?’ + +The cat replied: + + ‘In milk I’m breaking bread so sweet, + Will you be my guest, and eat?’ + +‘No, thank you, Mrs Cat,’ answered the wolf. ‘Is Mrs Fox not at home?’ + +The cat said: + + ‘She sits upstairs in her room, + Bewailing her sorrowful doom, + Bewailing her trouble so sore, + For old Mr Fox is no more.’ + +The wolf answered: + + ‘If she’s in want of a husband now, + Then will it please her to step below?’ + The cat runs quickly up the stair, + And lets her tail fly here and there, + Until she comes to the parlour door. + With her five gold rings at the door she knocks: + ‘Are you within, good Mistress Fox? + If you’re in want of a husband now, + Then will it please you to step below? + +Mrs Fox asked: ‘Has the gentleman red stockings on, and has he a pointed +mouth?’ ‘No,’ answered the cat. ‘Then he won’t do for me.’ + +When the wolf was gone, came a dog, a stag, a hare, a bear, a lion, and +all the beasts of the forest, one after the other. But one of the good +qualities which old Mr Fox had possessed, was always lacking, and the +cat had continually to send the suitors away. At length came a young +fox. Then Mrs Fox said: ‘Has the gentleman red stockings on, and has a +little pointed mouth?’ ‘Yes,’ said the cat, ‘he has.’ ‘Then let him come +upstairs,’ said Mrs Fox, and ordered the servant to prepare the wedding +feast. + + ‘Sweep me the room as clean as you can, + Up with the window, fling out my old man! + For many a fine fat mouse he brought, + Yet of his wife he never thought, + But ate up every one he caught.’ + +Then the wedding was solemnized with young Mr Fox, and there was much +rejoicing and dancing; and if they have not left off, they are dancing +still. + + + + +THE SALAD + + +As a merry young huntsman was once going briskly along through a wood, +there came up a little old woman, and said to him, ‘Good day, good day; +you seem merry enough, but I am hungry and thirsty; do pray give me +something to eat.’ The huntsman took pity on her, and put his hand in +his pocket and gave her what he had. Then he wanted to go his way; but +she took hold of him, and said, ‘Listen, my friend, to what I am going +to tell you; I will reward you for your kindness; go your way, and after +a little time you will come to a tree where you will see nine birds +sitting on a cloak. Shoot into the midst of them, and one will fall down +dead: the cloak will fall too; take it, it is a wishing-cloak, and when +you wear it you will find yourself at any place where you may wish to +be. Cut open the dead bird, take out its heart and keep it, and you will +find a piece of gold under your pillow every morning when you rise. It +is the bird’s heart that will bring you this good luck.’ + +The huntsman thanked her, and thought to himself, ‘If all this does +happen, it will be a fine thing for me.’ When he had gone a hundred +steps or so, he heard a screaming and chirping in the branches over him, +and looked up and saw a flock of birds pulling a cloak with their bills +and feet; screaming, fighting, and tugging at each other as if +each wished to have it himself. ‘Well,’ said the huntsman, ‘this is +wonderful; this happens just as the old woman said’; then he shot into +the midst of them so that their feathers flew all about. Off went the +flock chattering away; but one fell down dead, and the cloak with it. +Then the huntsman did as the old woman told him, cut open the bird, took +out the heart, and carried the cloak home with him. + +The next morning when he awoke he lifted up his pillow, and there lay +the piece of gold glittering underneath; the same happened next day, and +indeed every day when he arose. He heaped up a great deal of gold, and +at last thought to himself, ‘Of what use is this gold to me whilst I am +at home? I will go out into the world and look about me.’ + +Then he took leave of his friends, and hung his bag and bow about his +neck, and went his way. It so happened that his road one day led through +a thick wood, at the end of which was a large castle in a green meadow, +and at one of the windows stood an old woman with a very beautiful young +lady by her side looking about them. Now the old woman was a witch, and +said to the young lady, ‘There is a young man coming out of the wood who +carries a wonderful prize; we must get it away from him, my dear child, +for it is more fit for us than for him. He has a bird’s heart that +brings a piece of gold under his pillow every morning.’ Meantime the +huntsman came nearer and looked at the lady, and said to himself, ‘I +have been travelling so long that I should like to go into this castle +and rest myself, for I have money enough to pay for anything I want’; +but the real reason was, that he wanted to see more of the beautiful +lady. Then he went into the house, and was welcomed kindly; and it was +not long before he was so much in love that he thought of nothing else +but looking at the lady’s eyes, and doing everything that she wished. +Then the old woman said, ‘Now is the time for getting the bird’s heart.’ +So the lady stole it away, and he never found any more gold under his +pillow, for it lay now under the young lady’s, and the old woman took it +away every morning; but he was so much in love that he never missed his +prize. + +‘Well,’ said the old witch, ‘we have got the bird’s heart, but not the +wishing-cloak yet, and that we must also get.’ ‘Let us leave him that,’ +said the young lady; ‘he has already lost his wealth.’ Then the witch +was very angry, and said, ‘Such a cloak is a very rare and wonderful +thing, and I must and will have it.’ So she did as the old woman told +her, and set herself at the window, and looked about the country and +seemed very sorrowful; then the huntsman said, ‘What makes you so sad?’ +‘Alas! dear sir,’ said she, ‘yonder lies the granite rock where all the +costly diamonds grow, and I want so much to go there, that whenever I +think of it I cannot help being sorrowful, for who can reach it? only +the birds and the flies--man cannot.’ ‘If that’s all your grief,’ said +the huntsman, ‘I’ll take you there with all my heart’; so he drew her under +his cloak, and the moment he wished to be on the granite mountain they +were both there. The diamonds glittered so on all sides that they were +delighted with the sight and picked up the finest. But the old witch +made a deep sleep come upon him, and he said to the young lady, ‘Let us +sit down and rest ourselves a little, I am so tired that I cannot stand +any longer.’ So they sat down, and he laid his head in her lap and +fell asleep; and whilst he was sleeping on she took the cloak from +his shoulders, hung it on her own, picked up the diamonds, and wished +herself home again. + +When he awoke and found that his lady had tricked him, and left him +alone on the wild rock, he said, ‘Alas! what roguery there is in the +world!’ and there he sat in great grief and fear, not knowing what to +do. Now this rock belonged to fierce giants who lived upon it; and as +he saw three of them striding about, he thought to himself, ‘I can only +save myself by feigning to be asleep’; so he laid himself down as if he +were in a sound sleep. When the giants came up to him, the first pushed +him with his foot, and said, ‘What worm is this that lies here curled +up?’ ‘Tread upon him and kill him,’ said the second. ‘It’s not worth the +trouble,’ said the third; ‘let him live, he’ll go climbing higher up the +mountain, and some cloud will come rolling and carry him away.’ And they +passed on. But the huntsman had heard all they said; and as soon as they +were gone, he climbed to the top of the mountain, and when he had sat +there a short time a cloud came rolling around him, and caught him in a +whirlwind and bore him along for some time, till it settled in a garden, +and he fell quite gently to the ground amongst the greens and cabbages. + +Then he looked around him, and said, ‘I wish I had something to eat, if +not I shall be worse off than before; for here I see neither apples +nor pears, nor any kind of fruits, nothing but vegetables.’ At last he +thought to himself, ‘I can eat salad, it will refresh and strengthen +me.’ So he picked out a fine head and ate of it; but scarcely had he +swallowed two bites when he felt himself quite changed, and saw with +horror that he was turned into an ass. However, he still felt very +hungry, and the salad tasted very nice; so he ate on till he came +to another kind of salad, and scarcely had he tasted it when he felt +another change come over him, and soon saw that he was lucky enough to +have found his old shape again. + +Then he laid himself down and slept off a little of his weariness; and +when he awoke the next morning he broke off a head both of the good and +the bad salad, and thought to himself, ‘This will help me to my fortune +again, and enable me to pay off some folks for their treachery.’ So he +went away to try and find the castle of his friends; and after wandering +about a few days he luckily found it. Then he stained his face all over +brown, so that even his mother would not have known him, and went into +the castle and asked for a lodging; ‘I am so tired,’ said he, ‘that I +can go no farther.’ ‘Countryman,’ said the witch, ‘who are you? and what +is your business?’ ‘I am,’ said he, ‘a messenger sent by the king to +find the finest salad that grows under the sun. I have been lucky +enough to find it, and have brought it with me; but the heat of the sun +scorches so that it begins to wither, and I don’t know that I can carry +it farther.’ + +When the witch and the young lady heard of his beautiful salad, they +longed to taste it, and said, ‘Dear countryman, let us just taste it.’ +‘To be sure,’ answered he; ‘I have two heads of it with me, and will +give you one’; so he opened his bag and gave them the bad. Then the +witch herself took it into the kitchen to be dressed; and when it was +ready she could not wait till it was carried up, but took a few leaves +immediately and put them in her mouth, and scarcely were they swallowed +when she lost her own form and ran braying down into the court in the +form of an ass. Now the servant-maid came into the kitchen, and seeing +the salad ready, was going to carry it up; but on the way she too felt a +wish to taste it as the old woman had done, and ate some leaves; so she +also was turned into an ass and ran after the other, letting the dish +with the salad fall on the ground. The messenger sat all this time with +the beautiful young lady, and as nobody came with the salad and she +longed to taste it, she said, ‘I don’t know where the salad can be.’ +Then he thought something must have happened, and said, ‘I will go +into the kitchen and see.’ And as he went he saw two asses in the court +running about, and the salad lying on the ground. ‘All right!’ said +he; ‘those two have had their share.’ Then he took up the rest of +the leaves, laid them on the dish and brought them to the young lady, +saying, ‘I bring you the dish myself that you may not wait any longer.’ +So she ate of it, and like the others ran off into the court braying +away. + +Then the huntsman washed his face and went into the court that they +might know him. ‘Now you shall be paid for your roguery,’ said he; and +tied them all three to a rope and took them along with him till he +came to a mill and knocked at the window. ‘What’s the matter?’ said the +miller. ‘I have three tiresome beasts here,’ said the other; ‘if you +will take them, give them food and room, and treat them as I tell you, +I will pay you whatever you ask.’ ‘With all my heart,’ said the miller; +‘but how shall I treat them?’ Then the huntsman said, ‘Give the old +one stripes three times a day and hay once; give the next (who was +the servant-maid) stripes once a day and hay three times; and give +the youngest (who was the beautiful lady) hay three times a day and +no stripes’: for he could not find it in his heart to have her beaten. +After this he went back to the castle, where he found everything he +wanted. + +Some days after, the miller came to him and told him that the old ass +was dead; ‘The other two,’ said he, ‘are alive and eat, but are so +sorrowful that they cannot last long.’ Then the huntsman pitied them, +and told the miller to drive them back to him, and when they came, he +gave them some of the good salad to eat. And the beautiful young lady +fell upon her knees before him, and said, ‘O dearest huntsman! forgive +me all the ill I have done you; my mother forced me to it, it was +against my will, for I always loved you very much. Your wishing-cloak +hangs up in the closet, and as for the bird’s heart, I will give it you +too.’ But he said, ‘Keep it, it will be just the same thing, for I mean +to make you my wife.’ So they were married, and lived together very +happily till they died. + + + + +THE STORY OF THE YOUTH WHO WENT FORTH TO LEARN WHAT FEAR WAS + + +A certain father had two sons, the elder of who was smart and sensible, +and could do everything, but the younger was stupid and could neither +learn nor understand anything, and when people saw him they said: +‘There’s a fellow who will give his father some trouble!’ When anything +had to be done, it was always the elder who was forced to do it; but +if his father bade him fetch anything when it was late, or in the +night-time, and the way led through the churchyard, or any other dismal +place, he answered: ‘Oh, no father, I’ll not go there, it makes me +shudder!’ for he was afraid. Or when stories were told by the fire at +night which made the flesh creep, the listeners sometimes said: ‘Oh, +it makes us shudder!’ The younger sat in a corner and listened with +the rest of them, and could not imagine what they could mean. ‘They are +always saying: “It makes me shudder, it makes me shudder!” It does not +make me shudder,’ thought he. ‘That, too, must be an art of which I +understand nothing!’ + +Now it came to pass that his father said to him one day: ‘Hearken to me, +you fellow in the corner there, you are growing tall and strong, and you +too must learn something by which you can earn your bread. Look how your +brother works, but you do not even earn your salt.’ ‘Well, father,’ he +replied, ‘I am quite willing to learn something--indeed, if it could but +be managed, I should like to learn how to shudder. I don’t understand +that at all yet.’ The elder brother smiled when he heard that, and +thought to himself: ‘Goodness, what a blockhead that brother of mine is! +He will never be good for anything as long as he lives! He who wants to +be a sickle must bend himself betimes.’ + +The father sighed, and answered him: ‘You shall soon learn what it is to +shudder, but you will not earn your bread by that.’ + +Soon after this the sexton came to the house on a visit, and the father +bewailed his trouble, and told him how his younger son was so backward +in every respect that he knew nothing and learnt nothing. ‘Just think,’ +said he, ‘when I asked him how he was going to earn his bread, he +actually wanted to learn to shudder.’ ‘If that be all,’ replied the +sexton, ‘he can learn that with me. Send him to me, and I will soon +polish him.’ The father was glad to do it, for he thought: ‘It will +train the boy a little.’ The sexton therefore took him into his house, +and he had to ring the church bell. After a day or two, the sexton awoke +him at midnight, and bade him arise and go up into the church tower and +ring the bell. ‘You shall soon learn what shuddering is,’ thought he, +and secretly went there before him; and when the boy was at the top of +the tower and turned round, and was just going to take hold of the bell +rope, he saw a white figure standing on the stairs opposite the sounding +hole. ‘Who is there?’ cried he, but the figure made no reply, and did +not move or stir. ‘Give an answer,’ cried the boy, ‘or take yourself +off, you have no business here at night.’ + +The sexton, however, remained standing motionless that the boy might +think he was a ghost. The boy cried a second time: ‘What do you want +here?--speak if you are an honest fellow, or I will throw you down the +steps!’ The sexton thought: ‘He can’t mean to be as bad as his words,’ +uttered no sound and stood as if he were made of stone. Then the boy +called to him for the third time, and as that was also to no purpose, +he ran against him and pushed the ghost down the stairs, so that it fell +down the ten steps and remained lying there in a corner. Thereupon he +rang the bell, went home, and without saying a word went to bed, and +fell asleep. The sexton’s wife waited a long time for her husband, but +he did not come back. At length she became uneasy, and wakened the boy, +and asked: ‘Do you know where my husband is? He climbed up the tower +before you did.’ ‘No, I don’t know,’ replied the boy, ‘but someone was +standing by the sounding hole on the other side of the steps, and as he +would neither give an answer nor go away, I took him for a scoundrel, +and threw him downstairs. Just go there and you will see if it was he. +I should be sorry if it were.’ The woman ran away and found her husband, +who was lying moaning in the corner, and had broken his leg. + +She carried him down, and then with loud screams she hastened to the +boy’s father, ‘Your boy,’ cried she, ‘has been the cause of a great +misfortune! He has thrown my husband down the steps so that he broke his +leg. Take the good-for-nothing fellow out of our house.’ The father was +terrified, and ran thither and scolded the boy. ‘What wicked tricks +are these?’ said he. ‘The devil must have put them into your head.’ +‘Father,’ he replied, ‘do listen to me. I am quite innocent. He was +standing there by night like one intent on doing evil. I did not know +who it was, and I entreated him three times either to speak or to go +away.’ ‘Ah,’ said the father, ‘I have nothing but unhappiness with you. +Go out of my sight. I will see you no more.’ + +‘Yes, father, right willingly, wait only until it is day. Then will I +go forth and learn how to shudder, and then I shall, at any rate, +understand one art which will support me.’ ‘Learn what you will,’ spoke +the father, ‘it is all the same to me. Here are fifty talers for you. +Take these and go into the wide world, and tell no one from whence you +come, and who is your father, for I have reason to be ashamed of you.’ +‘Yes, father, it shall be as you will. If you desire nothing more than +that, I can easily keep it in mind.’ + +When the day dawned, therefore, the boy put his fifty talers into his +pocket, and went forth on the great highway, and continually said to +himself: ‘If I could but shudder! If I could but shudder!’ Then a man +approached who heard this conversation which the youth was holding with +himself, and when they had walked a little farther to where they could +see the gallows, the man said to him: ‘Look, there is the tree where +seven men have married the ropemaker’s daughter, and are now learning +how to fly. Sit down beneath it, and wait till night comes, and you will +soon learn how to shudder.’ ‘If that is all that is wanted,’ answered +the youth, ‘it is easily done; but if I learn how to shudder as fast as +that, you shall have my fifty talers. Just come back to me early in the +morning.’ Then the youth went to the gallows, sat down beneath it, and +waited till evening came. And as he was cold, he lighted himself a fire, +but at midnight the wind blew so sharply that in spite of his fire, he +could not get warm. And as the wind knocked the hanged men against each +other, and they moved backwards and forwards, he thought to himself: +‘If you shiver below by the fire, how those up above must freeze and +suffer!’ And as he felt pity for them, he raised the ladder, and climbed +up, unbound one of them after the other, and brought down all seven. +Then he stoked the fire, blew it, and set them all round it to warm +themselves. But they sat there and did not stir, and the fire caught +their clothes. So he said: ‘Take care, or I will hang you up again.’ The +dead men, however, did not hear, but were quite silent, and let their +rags go on burning. At this he grew angry, and said: ‘If you will not +take care, I cannot help you, I will not be burnt with you,’ and he hung +them up again each in his turn. Then he sat down by his fire and fell +asleep, and the next morning the man came to him and wanted to have +the fifty talers, and said: ‘Well do you know how to shudder?’ ‘No,’ +answered he, ‘how should I know? Those fellows up there did not open +their mouths, and were so stupid that they let the few old rags which +they had on their bodies get burnt.’ Then the man saw that he would not +get the fifty talers that day, and went away saying: ‘Such a youth has +never come my way before.’ + +The youth likewise went his way, and once more began to mutter to +himself: ‘Ah, if I could but shudder! Ah, if I could but shudder!’ A +waggoner who was striding behind him heard this and asked: ‘Who are +you?’ ‘I don’t know,’ answered the youth. Then the waggoner asked: ‘From +whence do you come?’ ‘I know not.’ ‘Who is your father?’ ‘That I may +not tell you.’ ‘What is it that you are always muttering between your +teeth?’ ‘Ah,’ replied the youth, ‘I do so wish I could shudder, but +no one can teach me how.’ ‘Enough of your foolish chatter,’ said the +waggoner. ‘Come, go with me, I will see about a place for you.’ The +youth went with the waggoner, and in the evening they arrived at an inn +where they wished to pass the night. Then at the entrance of the parlour +the youth again said quite loudly: ‘If I could but shudder! If I could +but shudder!’ The host who heard this, laughed and said: ‘If that is +your desire, there ought to be a good opportunity for you here.’ ‘Ah, +be silent,’ said the hostess, ‘so many prying persons have already lost +their lives, it would be a pity and a shame if such beautiful eyes as +these should never see the daylight again.’ + +But the youth said: ‘However difficult it may be, I will learn it. For +this purpose indeed have I journeyed forth.’ He let the host have +no rest, until the latter told him, that not far from thence stood a +haunted castle where anyone could very easily learn what shuddering was, +if he would but watch in it for three nights. The king had promised that +he who would venture should have his daughter to wife, and she was the +most beautiful maiden the sun shone on. Likewise in the castle lay great +treasures, which were guarded by evil spirits, and these treasures would +then be freed, and would make a poor man rich enough. Already many men +had gone into the castle, but as yet none had come out again. Then the +youth went next morning to the king, and said: ‘If it be allowed, I will +willingly watch three nights in the haunted castle.’ + +The king looked at him, and as the youth pleased him, he said: ‘You may +ask for three things to take into the castle with you, but they must +be things without life.’ Then he answered: ‘Then I ask for a fire, a +turning lathe, and a cutting-board with the knife.’ + +The king had these things carried into the castle for him during the +day. When night was drawing near, the youth went up and made himself +a bright fire in one of the rooms, placed the cutting-board and knife +beside it, and seated himself by the turning-lathe. ‘Ah, if I could +but shudder!’ said he, ‘but I shall not learn it here either.’ Towards +midnight he was about to poke his fire, and as he was blowing it, +something cried suddenly from one corner: ‘Au, miau! how cold we are!’ +‘You fools!’ cried he, ‘what are you crying about? If you are cold, come +and take a seat by the fire and warm yourselves.’ And when he had said +that, two great black cats came with one tremendous leap and sat down +on each side of him, and looked savagely at him with their fiery +eyes. After a short time, when they had warmed themselves, they said: +‘Comrade, shall we have a game of cards?’ ‘Why not?’ he replied, ‘but +just show me your paws.’ Then they stretched out their claws. ‘Oh,’ said +he, ‘what long nails you have! Wait, I must first cut them for you.’ +Thereupon he seized them by the throats, put them on the cutting-board +and screwed their feet fast. ‘I have looked at your fingers,’ said he, +‘and my fancy for card-playing has gone,’ and he struck them dead and +threw them out into the water. But when he had made away with these two, +and was about to sit down again by his fire, out from every hole and +corner came black cats and black dogs with red-hot chains, and more +and more of them came until he could no longer move, and they yelled +horribly, and got on his fire, pulled it to pieces, and tried to put +it out. He watched them for a while quietly, but at last when they were +going too far, he seized his cutting-knife, and cried: ‘Away with you, +vermin,’ and began to cut them down. Some of them ran away, the others +he killed, and threw out into the fish-pond. When he came back he fanned +the embers of his fire again and warmed himself. And as he thus sat, his +eyes would keep open no longer, and he felt a desire to sleep. Then he +looked round and saw a great bed in the corner. ‘That is the very thing +for me,’ said he, and got into it. When he was just going to shut his +eyes, however, the bed began to move of its own accord, and went over +the whole of the castle. ‘That’s right,’ said he, ‘but go faster.’ Then +the bed rolled on as if six horses were harnessed to it, up and down, +over thresholds and stairs, but suddenly hop, hop, it turned over upside +down, and lay on him like a mountain. But he threw quilts and pillows up +in the air, got out and said: ‘Now anyone who likes, may drive,’ and +lay down by his fire, and slept till it was day. In the morning the king +came, and when he saw him lying there on the ground, he thought the evil +spirits had killed him and he was dead. Then said he: ‘After all it is a +pity,--for so handsome a man.’ The youth heard it, got up, and said: ‘It +has not come to that yet.’ Then the king was astonished, but very glad, +and asked how he had fared. ‘Very well indeed,’ answered he; ‘one +night is past, the two others will pass likewise.’ Then he went to the +innkeeper, who opened his eyes very wide, and said: ‘I never expected to +see you alive again! Have you learnt how to shudder yet?’ ‘No,’ said he, +‘it is all in vain. If someone would but tell me!’ + +The second night he again went up into the old castle, sat down by the +fire, and once more began his old song: ‘If I could but shudder!’ When +midnight came, an uproar and noise of tumbling about was heard; at +first it was low, but it grew louder and louder. Then it was quiet for +a while, and at length with a loud scream, half a man came down the +chimney and fell before him. ‘Hullo!’ cried he, ‘another half belongs +to this. This is not enough!’ Then the uproar began again, there was a +roaring and howling, and the other half fell down likewise. ‘Wait,’ said +he, ‘I will just stoke up the fire a little for you.’ When he had done +that and looked round again, the two pieces were joined together, and a +hideous man was sitting in his place. ‘That is no part of our bargain,’ +said the youth, ‘the bench is mine.’ The man wanted to push him away; +the youth, however, would not allow that, but thrust him off with all +his strength, and seated himself again in his own place. Then still more +men fell down, one after the other; they brought nine dead men’s legs +and two skulls, and set them up and played at nine-pins with them. The +youth also wanted to play and said: ‘Listen you, can I join you?’ ‘Yes, +if you have any money.’ ‘Money enough,’ replied he, ‘but your balls are +not quite round.’ Then he took the skulls and put them in the lathe and +turned them till they were round. ‘There, now they will roll better!’ +said he. ‘Hurrah! now we’ll have fun!’ He played with them and lost some +of his money, but when it struck twelve, everything vanished from his +sight. He lay down and quietly fell asleep. Next morning the king came +to inquire after him. ‘How has it fared with you this time?’ asked he. +‘I have been playing at nine-pins,’ he answered, ‘and have lost a couple +of farthings.’ ‘Have you not shuddered then?’ ‘What?’ said he, ‘I have +had a wonderful time! If I did but know what it was to shudder!’ + +The third night he sat down again on his bench and said quite sadly: +‘If I could but shudder.’ When it grew late, six tall men came in and +brought a coffin. Then he said: ‘Ha, ha, that is certainly my little +cousin, who died only a few days ago,’ and he beckoned with his finger, +and cried: ‘Come, little cousin, come.’ They placed the coffin on the +ground, but he went to it and took the lid off, and a dead man lay +therein. He felt his face, but it was cold as ice. ‘Wait,’ said he, ‘I +will warm you a little,’ and went to the fire and warmed his hand and +laid it on the dead man’s face, but he remained cold. Then he took him +out, and sat down by the fire and laid him on his breast and rubbed his +arms that the blood might circulate again. As this also did no good, he +thought to himself: ‘When two people lie in bed together, they warm each +other,’ and carried him to the bed, covered him over and lay down by +him. After a short time the dead man became warm too, and began to move. +Then said the youth, ‘See, little cousin, have I not warmed you?’ The +dead man, however, got up and cried: ‘Now will I strangle you.’ + +‘What!’ said he, ‘is that the way you thank me? You shall at once go +into your coffin again,’ and he took him up, threw him into it, and shut +the lid. Then came the six men and carried him away again. ‘I cannot +manage to shudder,’ said he. ‘I shall never learn it here as long as I +live.’ + +Then a man entered who was taller than all others, and looked terrible. +He was old, however, and had a long white beard. ‘You wretch,’ cried he, +‘you shall soon learn what it is to shudder, for you shall die.’ ‘Not so +fast,’ replied the youth. ‘If I am to die, I shall have to have a say +in it.’ ‘I will soon seize you,’ said the fiend. ‘Softly, softly, do not +talk so big. I am as strong as you are, and perhaps even stronger.’ +‘We shall see,’ said the old man. ‘If you are stronger, I will let you +go--come, we will try.’ Then he led him by dark passages to a smith’s +forge, took an axe, and with one blow struck an anvil into the ground. +‘I can do better than that,’ said the youth, and went to the other +anvil. The old man placed himself near and wanted to look on, and his +white beard hung down. Then the youth seized the axe, split the anvil +with one blow, and in it caught the old man’s beard. ‘Now I have you,’ +said the youth. ‘Now it is your turn to die.’ Then he seized an iron bar +and beat the old man till he moaned and entreated him to stop, when he +would give him great riches. The youth drew out the axe and let him go. +The old man led him back into the castle, and in a cellar showed him +three chests full of gold. ‘Of these,’ said he, ‘one part is for the +poor, the other for the king, the third yours.’ In the meantime it +struck twelve, and the spirit disappeared, so that the youth stood in +darkness. ‘I shall still be able to find my way out,’ said he, and felt +about, found the way into the room, and slept there by his fire. +Next morning the king came and said: ‘Now you must have learnt what +shuddering is?’ ‘No,’ he answered; ‘what can it be? My dead cousin was +here, and a bearded man came and showed me a great deal of money down +below, but no one told me what it was to shudder.’ ‘Then,’ said the +king, ‘you have saved the castle, and shall marry my daughter.’ ‘That +is all very well,’ said he, ‘but still I do not know what it is to +shudder!’ + +Then the gold was brought up and the wedding celebrated; but howsoever +much the young king loved his wife, and however happy he was, he still +said always: ‘If I could but shudder--if I could but shudder.’ And this +at last angered her. Her waiting-maid said: ‘I will find a cure for him; +he shall soon learn what it is to shudder.’ She went out to the stream +which flowed through the garden, and had a whole bucketful of gudgeons +brought to her. At night when the young king was sleeping, his wife was +to draw the clothes off him and empty the bucket full of cold water +with the gudgeons in it over him, so that the little fishes would +sprawl about him. Then he woke up and cried: ‘Oh, what makes me shudder +so?--what makes me shudder so, dear wife? Ah! now I know what it is to +shudder!’ + + + + +KING GRISLY-BEARD + + +A great king of a land far away in the East had a daughter who was very +beautiful, but so proud, and haughty, and conceited, that none of the +princes who came to ask her in marriage was good enough for her, and she +only made sport of them. + +Once upon a time the king held a great feast, and asked thither all +her suitors; and they all sat in a row, ranged according to their +rank--kings, and princes, and dukes, and earls, and counts, and barons, +and knights. Then the princess came in, and as she passed by them she +had something spiteful to say to every one. The first was too fat: ‘He’s +as round as a tub,’ said she. The next was too tall: ‘What a maypole!’ +said she. The next was too short: ‘What a dumpling!’ said she. The +fourth was too pale, and she called him ‘Wallface.’ The fifth was too +red, so she called him ‘Coxcomb.’ The sixth was not straight enough; +so she said he was like a green stick, that had been laid to dry over +a baker’s oven. And thus she had some joke to crack upon every one: but +she laughed more than all at a good king who was there. ‘Look at +him,’ said she; ‘his beard is like an old mop; he shall be called +Grisly-beard.’ So the king got the nickname of Grisly-beard. + +But the old king was very angry when he saw how his daughter behaved, +and how she ill-treated all his guests; and he vowed that, willing or +unwilling, she should marry the first man, be he prince or beggar, that +came to the door. + +Two days after there came by a travelling fiddler, who began to play +under the window and beg alms; and when the king heard him, he said, +‘Let him come in.’ So they brought in a dirty-looking fellow; and when +he had sung before the king and the princess, he begged a boon. Then the +king said, ‘You have sung so well, that I will give you my daughter for +your wife.’ The princess begged and prayed; but the king said, ‘I have +sworn to give you to the first comer, and I will keep my word.’ So words +and tears were of no avail; the parson was sent for, and she was married +to the fiddler. When this was over the king said, ‘Now get ready to +go--you must not stay here--you must travel on with your husband.’ + +Then the fiddler went his way, and took her with him, and they soon came +to a great wood. ‘Pray,’ said she, ‘whose is this wood?’ ‘It belongs +to King Grisly-beard,’ answered he; ‘hadst thou taken him, all had been +thine.’ ‘Ah! unlucky wretch that I am!’ sighed she; ‘would that I had +married King Grisly-beard!’ Next they came to some fine meadows. ‘Whose +are these beautiful green meadows?’ said she. ‘They belong to King +Grisly-beard, hadst thou taken him, they had all been thine.’ ‘Ah! +unlucky wretch that I am!’ said she; ‘would that I had married King +Grisly-beard!’ + +Then they came to a great city. ‘Whose is this noble city?’ said she. +‘It belongs to King Grisly-beard; hadst thou taken him, it had all been +thine.’ ‘Ah! wretch that I am!’ sighed she; ‘why did I not marry King +Grisly-beard?’ ‘That is no business of mine,’ said the fiddler: ‘why +should you wish for another husband? Am not I good enough for you?’ + +At last they came to a small cottage. ‘What a paltry place!’ said she; +‘to whom does that little dirty hole belong?’ Then the fiddler said, +‘That is your and my house, where we are to live.’ ‘Where are your +servants?’ cried she. ‘What do we want with servants?’ said he; ‘you +must do for yourself whatever is to be done. Now make the fire, and put +on water and cook my supper, for I am very tired.’ But the princess knew +nothing of making fires and cooking, and the fiddler was forced to help +her. When they had eaten a very scanty meal they went to bed; but the +fiddler called her up very early in the morning to clean the house. Thus +they lived for two days: and when they had eaten up all there was in the +cottage, the man said, ‘Wife, we can’t go on thus, spending money and +earning nothing. You must learn to weave baskets.’ Then he went out and +cut willows, and brought them home, and she began to weave; but it made +her fingers very sore. ‘I see this work won’t do,’ said he: ‘try and +spin; perhaps you will do that better.’ So she sat down and tried to +spin; but the threads cut her tender fingers till the blood ran. ‘See +now,’ said the fiddler, ‘you are good for nothing; you can do no work: +what a bargain I have got! However, I’ll try and set up a trade in pots +and pans, and you shall stand in the market and sell them.’ ‘Alas!’ +sighed she, ‘if any of my father’s court should pass by and see me +standing in the market, how they will laugh at me!’ + +But her husband did not care for that, and said she must work, if she +did not wish to die of hunger. At first the trade went well; for many +people, seeing such a beautiful woman, went to buy her wares, and paid +their money without thinking of taking away the goods. They lived on +this as long as it lasted; and then her husband bought a fresh lot of +ware, and she sat herself down with it in the corner of the market; but +a drunken soldier soon came by, and rode his horse against her stall, +and broke all her goods into a thousand pieces. Then she began to cry, +and knew not what to do. ‘Ah! what will become of me?’ said she; ‘what +will my husband say?’ So she ran home and told him all. ‘Who would +have thought you would have been so silly,’ said he, ‘as to put an +earthenware stall in the corner of the market, where everybody passes? +but let us have no more crying; I see you are not fit for this sort of +work, so I have been to the king’s palace, and asked if they did not +want a kitchen-maid; and they say they will take you, and there you will +have plenty to eat.’ + +Thus the princess became a kitchen-maid, and helped the cook to do all +the dirtiest work; but she was allowed to carry home some of the meat +that was left, and on this they lived. + +She had not been there long before she heard that the king’s eldest son +was passing by, going to be married; and she went to one of the windows +and looked out. Everything was ready, and all the pomp and brightness of +the court was there. Then she bitterly grieved for the pride and folly +which had brought her so low. And the servants gave her some of the rich +meats, which she put into her basket to take home. + +All on a sudden, as she was going out, in came the king’s son in golden +clothes; and when he saw a beautiful woman at the door, he took her +by the hand, and said she should be his partner in the dance; but she +trembled for fear, for she saw that it was King Grisly-beard, who was +making sport of her. However, he kept fast hold, and led her in; and the +cover of the basket came off, so that the meats in it fell about. Then +everybody laughed and jeered at her; and she was so abashed, that she +wished herself a thousand feet deep in the earth. She sprang to the +door to run away; but on the steps King Grisly-beard overtook her, and +brought her back and said, ‘Fear me not! I am the fiddler who has lived +with you in the hut. I brought you there because I really loved you. I +am also the soldier that overset your stall. I have done all this only +to cure you of your silly pride, and to show you the folly of your +ill-treatment of me. Now all is over: you have learnt wisdom, and it is +time to hold our marriage feast.’ + +Then the chamberlains came and brought her the most beautiful robes; and +her father and his whole court were there already, and welcomed her home +on her marriage. Joy was in every face and every heart. The feast was +grand; they danced and sang; all were merry; and I only wish that you +and I had been of the party. + + + + +IRON HANS + + +There was once upon a time a king who had a great forest near his +palace, full of all kinds of wild animals. One day he sent out a +huntsman to shoot him a roe, but he did not come back. ‘Perhaps some +accident has befallen him,’ said the king, and the next day he sent out +two more huntsmen who were to search for him, but they too stayed away. +Then on the third day, he sent for all his huntsmen, and said: ‘Scour +the whole forest through, and do not give up until you have found all +three.’ But of these also, none came home again, none were seen again. +From that time forth, no one would any longer venture into the forest, +and it lay there in deep stillness and solitude, and nothing was seen +of it, but sometimes an eagle or a hawk flying over it. This lasted for +many years, when an unknown huntsman announced himself to the king as +seeking a situation, and offered to go into the dangerous forest. The +king, however, would not give his consent, and said: ‘It is not safe in +there; I fear it would fare with you no better than with the others, +and you would never come out again.’ The huntsman replied: ‘Lord, I will +venture it at my own risk, of fear I know nothing.’ + +The huntsman therefore betook himself with his dog to the forest. It was +not long before the dog fell in with some game on the way, and wanted to +pursue it; but hardly had the dog run two steps when it stood before a +deep pool, could go no farther, and a naked arm stretched itself out of +the water, seized it, and drew it under. When the huntsman saw that, he +went back and fetched three men to come with buckets and bale out the +water. When they could see to the bottom there lay a wild man whose body +was brown like rusty iron, and whose hair hung over his face down to his +knees. They bound him with cords, and led him away to the castle. There +was great astonishment over the wild man; the king, however, had him put +in an iron cage in his courtyard, and forbade the door to be opened +on pain of death, and the queen herself was to take the key into her +keeping. And from this time forth everyone could again go into the +forest with safety. + +The king had a son of eight years, who was once playing in the +courtyard, and while he was playing, his golden ball fell into the cage. +The boy ran thither and said: ‘Give me my ball out.’ ‘Not till you have +opened the door for me,’ answered the man. ‘No,’ said the boy, ‘I will +not do that; the king has forbidden it,’ and ran away. The next day he +again went and asked for his ball; the wild man said: ‘Open my door,’ +but the boy would not. On the third day the king had ridden out hunting, +and the boy went once more and said: ‘I cannot open the door even if I +wished, for I have not the key.’ Then the wild man said: ‘It lies under +your mother’s pillow, you can get it there.’ The boy, who wanted to have +his ball back, cast all thought to the winds, and brought the key. The +door opened with difficulty, and the boy pinched his fingers. When it +was open the wild man stepped out, gave him the golden ball, and hurried +away. The boy had become afraid; he called and cried after him: ‘Oh, +wild man, do not go away, or I shall be beaten!’ The wild man turned +back, took him up, set him on his shoulder, and went with hasty steps +into the forest. When the king came home, he observed the empty cage, +and asked the queen how that had happened. She knew nothing about it, +and sought the key, but it was gone. She called the boy, but no one +answered. The king sent out people to seek for him in the fields, but +they did not find him. Then he could easily guess what had happened, and +much grief reigned in the royal court. + +When the wild man had once more reached the dark forest, he took the boy +down from his shoulder, and said to him: ‘You will never see your father +and mother again, but I will keep you with me, for you have set me free, +and I have compassion on you. If you do all I bid you, you shall fare +well. Of treasure and gold have I enough, and more than anyone in the +world.’ He made a bed of moss for the boy on which he slept, and the +next morning the man took him to a well, and said: ‘Behold, the gold +well is as bright and clear as crystal, you shall sit beside it, and +take care that nothing falls into it, or it will be polluted. I will +come every evening to see if you have obeyed my order.’ The boy placed +himself by the brink of the well, and often saw a golden fish or a +golden snake show itself therein, and took care that nothing fell in. +As he was thus sitting, his finger hurt him so violently that he +involuntarily put it in the water. He drew it quickly out again, but saw +that it was quite gilded, and whatsoever pains he took to wash the gold +off again, all was to no purpose. In the evening Iron Hans came back, +looked at the boy, and said: ‘What has happened to the well?’ ‘Nothing +nothing,’ he answered, and held his finger behind his back, that the +man might not see it. But he said: ‘You have dipped your finger into +the water, this time it may pass, but take care you do not again let +anything go in.’ By daybreak the boy was already sitting by the well and +watching it. His finger hurt him again and he passed it over his head, +and then unhappily a hair fell down into the well. He took it quickly +out, but it was already quite gilded. Iron Hans came, and already knew +what had happened. ‘You have let a hair fall into the well,’ said he. +‘I will allow you to watch by it once more, but if this happens for the +third time then the well is polluted and you can no longer remain with +me.’ + +On the third day, the boy sat by the well, and did not stir his finger, +however much it hurt him. But the time was long to him, and he looked at +the reflection of his face on the surface of the water. And as he +still bent down more and more while he was doing so, and trying to look +straight into the eyes, his long hair fell down from his shoulders into +the water. He raised himself up quickly, but the whole of the hair of +his head was already golden and shone like the sun. You can imagine how +terrified the poor boy was! He took his pocket-handkerchief and tied it +round his head, in order that the man might not see it. When he came he +already knew everything, and said: ‘Take the handkerchief off.’ Then the +golden hair streamed forth, and let the boy excuse himself as he might, +it was of no use. ‘You have not stood the trial and can stay here no +longer. Go forth into the world, there you will learn what poverty is. +But as you have not a bad heart, and as I mean well by you, there is +one thing I will grant you; if you fall into any difficulty, come to the +forest and cry: “Iron Hans,” and then I will come and help you. My +power is great, greater than you think, and I have gold and silver in +abundance.’ + +Then the king’s son left the forest, and walked by beaten and unbeaten +paths ever onwards until at length he reached a great city. There he +looked for work, but could find none, and he learnt nothing by which he +could help himself. At length he went to the palace, and asked if they +would take him in. The people about court did not at all know what use +they could make of him, but they liked him, and told him to stay. At +length the cook took him into his service, and said he might carry wood +and water, and rake the cinders together. Once when it so happened that +no one else was at hand, the cook ordered him to carry the food to the +royal table, but as he did not like to let his golden hair be seen, he +kept his little cap on. Such a thing as that had never yet come under +the king’s notice, and he said: ‘When you come to the royal table you +must take your hat off.’ He answered: ‘Ah, Lord, I cannot; I have a bad +sore place on my head.’ Then the king had the cook called before him +and scolded him, and asked how he could take such a boy as that into his +service; and that he was to send him away at once. The cook, however, +had pity on him, and exchanged him for the gardener’s boy. + +And now the boy had to plant and water the garden, hoe and dig, and bear +the wind and bad weather. Once in summer when he was working alone in +the garden, the day was so warm he took his little cap off that the air +might cool him. As the sun shone on his hair it glittered and flashed so +that the rays fell into the bedroom of the king’s daughter, and up she +sprang to see what that could be. Then she saw the boy, and cried to +him: ‘Boy, bring me a wreath of flowers.’ He put his cap on with all +haste, and gathered wild field-flowers and bound them together. When he +was ascending the stairs with them, the gardener met him, and said: ‘How +can you take the king’s daughter a garland of such common flowers? Go +quickly, and get another, and seek out the prettiest and rarest.’ ‘Oh, +no,’ replied the boy, ‘the wild ones have more scent, and will please +her better.’ When he got into the room, the king’s daughter said: ‘Take +your cap off, it is not seemly to keep it on in my presence.’ He again +said: ‘I may not, I have a sore head.’ She, however, caught at his +cap and pulled it off, and then his golden hair rolled down on his +shoulders, and it was splendid to behold. He wanted to run out, but she +held him by the arm, and gave him a handful of ducats. With these he +departed, but he cared nothing for the gold pieces. He took them to the +gardener, and said: ‘I present them to your children, they can play with +them.’ The following day the king’s daughter again called to him that he +was to bring her a wreath of field-flowers, and then he went in with it, +she instantly snatched at his cap, and wanted to take it away from him, +but he held it fast with both hands. She again gave him a handful of +ducats, but he would not keep them, and gave them to the gardener for +playthings for his children. On the third day things went just the +same; she could not get his cap away from him, and he would not have her +money. + +Not long afterwards, the country was overrun by war. The king gathered +together his people, and did not know whether or not he could offer any +opposition to the enemy, who was superior in strength and had a mighty +army. Then said the gardener’s boy: ‘I am grown up, and will go to the +wars also, only give me a horse.’ The others laughed, and said: ‘Seek +one for yourself when we are gone, we will leave one behind us in the +stable for you.’ When they had gone forth, he went into the stable, and +led the horse out; it was lame of one foot, and limped hobblety jib, +hobblety jib; nevertheless he mounted it, and rode away to the dark +forest. When he came to the outskirts, he called ‘Iron Hans’ three +times so loudly that it echoed through the trees. Thereupon the wild man +appeared immediately, and said: ‘What do you desire?’ ‘I want a strong +steed, for I am going to the wars.’ ‘That you shall have, and still more +than you ask for.’ Then the wild man went back into the forest, and it +was not long before a stable-boy came out of it, who led a horse that +snorted with its nostrils, and could hardly be restrained, and behind +them followed a great troop of warriors entirely equipped in iron, and +their swords flashed in the sun. The youth made over his three-legged +horse to the stable-boy, mounted the other, and rode at the head of the +soldiers. When he got near the battlefield a great part of the king’s +men had already fallen, and little was wanting to make the rest give +way. Then the youth galloped thither with his iron soldiers, broke like +a hurricane over the enemy, and beat down all who opposed him. They +began to flee, but the youth pursued, and never stopped, until there +was not a single man left. Instead of returning to the king, however, he +conducted his troop by byways back to the forest, and called forth Iron +Hans. ‘What do you desire?’ asked the wild man. ‘Take back your horse +and your troops, and give me my three-legged horse again.’ All that he +asked was done, and soon he was riding on his three-legged horse. When +the king returned to his palace, his daughter went to meet him, and +wished him joy of his victory. ‘I am not the one who carried away the +victory,’ said he, ‘but a strange knight who came to my assistance with +his soldiers.’ The daughter wanted to hear who the strange knight was, +but the king did not know, and said: ‘He followed the enemy, and I did +not see him again.’ She inquired of the gardener where his boy was, but +he smiled, and said: ‘He has just come home on his three-legged horse, +and the others have been mocking him, and crying: “Here comes our +hobblety jib back again!” They asked, too: “Under what hedge have you +been lying sleeping all the time?” So he said: “I did the best of all, +and it would have gone badly without me.” And then he was still more +ridiculed.’ + +The king said to his daughter: ‘I will proclaim a great feast that shall +last for three days, and you shall throw a golden apple. Perhaps the +unknown man will show himself.’ When the feast was announced, the youth +went out to the forest, and called Iron Hans. ‘What do you desire?’ +asked he. ‘That I may catch the king’s daughter’s golden apple.’ ‘It is +as safe as if you had it already,’ said Iron Hans. ‘You shall likewise +have a suit of red armour for the occasion, and ride on a spirited +chestnut-horse.’ When the day came, the youth galloped to the spot, took +his place amongst the knights, and was recognized by no one. The king’s +daughter came forward, and threw a golden apple to the knights, but none +of them caught it but he, only as soon as he had it he galloped away. + +On the second day Iron Hans equipped him as a white knight, and gave him +a white horse. Again he was the only one who caught the apple, and +he did not linger an instant, but galloped off with it. The king grew +angry, and said: ‘That is not allowed; he must appear before me and tell +his name.’ He gave the order that if the knight who caught the apple, +should go away again they should pursue him, and if he would not come +back willingly, they were to cut him down and stab him. + +On the third day, he received from Iron Hans a suit of black armour and +a black horse, and again he caught the apple. But when he was riding off +with it, the king’s attendants pursued him, and one of them got so near +him that he wounded the youth’s leg with the point of his sword. The +youth nevertheless escaped from them, but his horse leapt so violently +that the helmet fell from the youth’s head, and they could see that he +had golden hair. They rode back and announced this to the king. + +The following day the king’s daughter asked the gardener about his +boy. ‘He is at work in the garden; the queer creature has been at the +festival too, and only came home yesterday evening; he has likewise +shown my children three golden apples which he has won.’ + +The king had him summoned into his presence, and he came and again had +his little cap on his head. But the king’s daughter went up to him and +took it off, and then his golden hair fell down over his shoulders, and +he was so handsome that all were amazed. ‘Are you the knight who came +every day to the festival, always in different colours, and who caught +the three golden apples?’ asked the king. ‘Yes,’ answered he, ‘and here +the apples are,’ and he took them out of his pocket, and returned them +to the king. ‘If you desire further proof, you may see the wound which +your people gave me when they followed me. But I am likewise the knight +who helped you to your victory over your enemies.’ ‘If you can perform +such deeds as that, you are no gardener’s boy; tell me, who is your +father?’ ‘My father is a mighty king, and gold have I in plenty as great +as I require.’ ‘I well see,’ said the king, ‘that I owe my thanks to +you; can I do anything to please you?’ ‘Yes,’ answered he, ‘that indeed +you can. Give me your daughter to wife.’ The maiden laughed, and said: +‘He does not stand much on ceremony, but I have already seen by his +golden hair that he was no gardener’s boy,’ and then she went and +kissed him. His father and mother came to the wedding, and were in great +delight, for they had given up all hope of ever seeing their dear +son again. And as they were sitting at the marriage-feast, the music +suddenly stopped, the doors opened, and a stately king came in with a +great retinue. He went up to the youth, embraced him and said: ‘I am +Iron Hans, and was by enchantment a wild man, but you have set me free; +all the treasures which I possess, shall be your property.’ + + + + +CAT-SKIN + + +There was once a king, whose queen had hair of the purest gold, and was +so beautiful that her match was not to be met with on the whole face of +the earth. But this beautiful queen fell ill, and when she felt that her +end drew near she called the king to her and said, ‘Promise me that you +will never marry again, unless you meet with a wife who is as beautiful +as I am, and who has golden hair like mine.’ Then when the king in his +grief promised all she asked, she shut her eyes and died. But the king +was not to be comforted, and for a long time never thought of taking +another wife. At last, however, his wise men said, ‘this will not do; +the king must marry again, that we may have a queen.’ So messengers were +sent far and wide, to seek for a bride as beautiful as the late queen. +But there was no princess in the world so beautiful; and if there had +been, still there was not one to be found who had golden hair. So the +messengers came home, and had had all their trouble for nothing. + +Now the king had a daughter, who was just as beautiful as her mother, +and had the same golden hair. And when she was grown up, the king looked +at her and saw that she was just like this late queen: then he said to +his courtiers, ‘May I not marry my daughter? She is the very image of my +dead wife: unless I have her, I shall not find any bride upon the whole +earth, and you say there must be a queen.’ When the courtiers heard this +they were shocked, and said, ‘Heaven forbid that a father should marry +his daughter! Out of so great a sin no good can come.’ And his daughter +was also shocked, but hoped the king would soon give up such thoughts; +so she said to him, ‘Before I marry anyone I must have three dresses: +one must be of gold, like the sun; another must be of shining silver, +like the moon; and a third must be dazzling as the stars: besides this, +I want a mantle of a thousand different kinds of fur put together, to +which every beast in the kingdom must give a part of his skin.’ And thus +she thought he would think of the matter no more. But the king made the +most skilful workmen in his kingdom weave the three dresses: one golden, +like the sun; another silvery, like the moon; and a third sparkling, +like the stars: and his hunters were told to hunt out all the beasts in +his kingdom, and to take the finest fur out of their skins: and thus a +mantle of a thousand furs was made. + +When all were ready, the king sent them to her; but she got up in the +night when all were asleep, and took three of her trinkets, a golden +ring, a golden necklace, and a golden brooch, and packed the three +dresses--of the sun, the moon, and the stars--up in a nutshell, and +wrapped herself up in the mantle made of all sorts of fur, and besmeared +her face and hands with soot. Then she threw herself upon Heaven for +help in her need, and went away, and journeyed on the whole night, till +at last she came to a large wood. As she was very tired, she sat herself +down in the hollow of a tree and soon fell asleep: and there she slept +on till it was midday. + +Now as the king to whom the wood belonged was hunting in it, his dogs +came to the tree, and began to snuff about, and run round and round, and +bark. ‘Look sharp!’ said the king to the huntsmen, ‘and see what sort +of game lies there.’ And the huntsmen went up to the tree, and when they +came back again said, ‘In the hollow tree there lies a most wonderful +beast, such as we never saw before; its skin seems to be of a thousand +kinds of fur, but there it lies fast asleep.’ ‘See,’ said the king, ‘if +you can catch it alive, and we will take it with us.’ So the huntsmen +took it up, and the maiden awoke and was greatly frightened, and said, +‘I am a poor child that has neither father nor mother left; have pity on +me and take me with you.’ Then they said, ‘Yes, Miss Cat-skin, you will +do for the kitchen; you can sweep up the ashes, and do things of that +sort.’ So they put her into the coach, and took her home to the king’s +palace. Then they showed her a little corner under the staircase, where +no light of day ever peeped in, and said, ‘Cat-skin, you may lie and +sleep there.’ And she was sent into the kitchen, and made to fetch wood +and water, to blow the fire, pluck the poultry, pick the herbs, sift the +ashes, and do all the dirty work. + +Thus Cat-skin lived for a long time very sorrowfully. ‘Ah! pretty +princess!’ thought she, ‘what will now become of thee?’ But it happened +one day that a feast was to be held in the king’s castle, so she said to +the cook, ‘May I go up a little while and see what is going on? I will +take care and stand behind the door.’ And the cook said, ‘Yes, you may +go, but be back again in half an hour’s time, to rake out the ashes.’ +Then she took her little lamp, and went into her cabin, and took off the +fur skin, and washed the soot from off her face and hands, so that her +beauty shone forth like the sun from behind the clouds. She next opened +her nutshell, and brought out of it the dress that shone like the sun, +and so went to the feast. Everyone made way for her, for nobody knew +her, and they thought she could be no less than a king’s daughter. But +the king came up to her, and held out his hand and danced with her; and +he thought in his heart, ‘I never saw any one half so beautiful.’ + +When the dance was at an end she curtsied; and when the king looked +round for her, she was gone, no one knew wither. The guards that stood +at the castle gate were called in: but they had seen no one. The truth +was, that she had run into her little cabin, pulled off her dress, +blackened her face and hands, put on the fur-skin cloak, and was +Cat-skin again. When she went into the kitchen to her work, and began +to rake the ashes, the cook said, ‘Let that alone till the morning, and +heat the king’s soup; I should like to run up now and give a peep: but +take care you don’t let a hair fall into it, or you will run a chance of +never eating again.’ + +As soon as the cook went away, Cat-skin heated the king’s soup, and +toasted a slice of bread first, as nicely as ever she could; and when it +was ready, she went and looked in the cabin for her little golden ring, +and put it into the dish in which the soup was. When the dance was over, +the king ordered his soup to be brought in; and it pleased him so well, +that he thought he had never tasted any so good before. At the bottom +he saw a gold ring lying; and as he could not make out how it had got +there, he ordered the cook to be sent for. The cook was frightened when +he heard the order, and said to Cat-skin, ‘You must have let a hair fall +into the soup; if it be so, you will have a good beating.’ Then he went +before the king, and he asked him who had cooked the soup. ‘I did,’ +answered the cook. But the king said, ‘That is not true; it was better +done than you could do it.’ Then he answered, ‘To tell the truth I did +not cook it, but Cat-skin did.’ ‘Then let Cat-skin come up,’ said the +king: and when she came he said to her, ‘Who are you?’ ‘I am a poor +child,’ said she, ‘that has lost both father and mother.’ ‘How came you +in my palace?’ asked he. ‘I am good for nothing,’ said she, ‘but to be +scullion-girl, and to have boots and shoes thrown at my head.’ ‘But how +did you get the ring that was in the soup?’ asked the king. Then she +would not own that she knew anything about the ring; so the king sent +her away again about her business. + +After a time there was another feast, and Cat-skin asked the cook to let +her go up and see it as before. ‘Yes,’ said he, ‘but come again in half +an hour, and cook the king the soup that he likes so much.’ Then she +ran to her little cabin, washed herself quickly, and took her dress +out which was silvery as the moon, and put it on; and when she went in, +looking like a king’s daughter, the king went up to her, and rejoiced at +seeing her again, and when the dance began he danced with her. After the +dance was at an end she managed to slip out, so slyly that the king did +not see where she was gone; but she sprang into her little cabin, and +made herself into Cat-skin again, and went into the kitchen to cook the +soup. Whilst the cook was above stairs, she got the golden necklace and +dropped it into the soup; then it was brought to the king, who ate it, +and it pleased him as well as before; so he sent for the cook, who +was again forced to tell him that Cat-skin had cooked it. Cat-skin was +brought again before the king, but she still told him that she was only +fit to have boots and shoes thrown at her head. + +But when the king had ordered a feast to be got ready for the third +time, it happened just the same as before. ‘You must be a witch, +Cat-skin,’ said the cook; ‘for you always put something into your soup, +so that it pleases the king better than mine.’ However, he let her go up +as before. Then she put on her dress which sparkled like the stars, and +went into the ball-room in it; and the king danced with her again, and +thought she had never looked so beautiful as she did then. So whilst +he was dancing with her, he put a gold ring on her finger without her +seeing it, and ordered that the dance should be kept up a long time. +When it was at an end, he would have held her fast by the hand, but she +slipped away, and sprang so quickly through the crowd that he lost sight +of her: and she ran as fast as she could into her little cabin under +the stairs. But this time she kept away too long, and stayed beyond the +half-hour; so she had not time to take off her fine dress, and threw her +fur mantle over it, and in her haste did not blacken herself all over +with soot, but left one of her fingers white. + +Then she ran into the kitchen, and cooked the king’s soup; and as soon +as the cook was gone, she put the golden brooch into the dish. When the +king got to the bottom, he ordered Cat-skin to be called once more, and +soon saw the white finger, and the ring that he had put on it whilst +they were dancing: so he seized her hand, and kept fast hold of it, and +when she wanted to loose herself and spring away, the fur cloak fell off +a little on one side, and the starry dress sparkled underneath it. + +Then he got hold of the fur and tore it off, and her golden hair and +beautiful form were seen, and she could no longer hide herself: so she +washed the soot and ashes from her face, and showed herself to be the +most beautiful princess upon the face of the earth. But the king said, +‘You are my beloved bride, and we will never more be parted from each +other.’ And the wedding feast was held, and a merry day it was, as ever +was heard of or seen in that country, or indeed in any other. + + + + +SNOW-WHITE AND ROSE-RED + + +There was once a poor widow who lived in a lonely cottage. In front of +the cottage was a garden wherein stood two rose-trees, one of which bore +white and the other red roses. She had two children who were like the +two rose-trees, and one was called Snow-white, and the other Rose-red. +They were as good and happy, as busy and cheerful as ever two children +in the world were, only Snow-white was more quiet and gentle than +Rose-red. Rose-red liked better to run about in the meadows and fields +seeking flowers and catching butterflies; but Snow-white sat at home +with her mother, and helped her with her housework, or read to her when +there was nothing to do. + +The two children were so fond of one another that they always held each +other by the hand when they went out together, and when Snow-white said: +‘We will not leave each other,’ Rose-red answered: ‘Never so long as we +live,’ and their mother would add: ‘What one has she must share with the +other.’ + +They often ran about the forest alone and gathered red berries, and no +beasts did them any harm, but came close to them trustfully. The little +hare would eat a cabbage-leaf out of their hands, the roe grazed by +their side, the stag leapt merrily by them, and the birds sat still upon +the boughs, and sang whatever they knew. + +No mishap overtook them; if they had stayed too late in the forest, and +night came on, they laid themselves down near one another upon the moss, +and slept until morning came, and their mother knew this and did not +worry on their account. + +Once when they had spent the night in the wood and the dawn had roused +them, they saw a beautiful child in a shining white dress sitting near +their bed. He got up and looked quite kindly at them, but said nothing +and went into the forest. And when they looked round they found that +they had been sleeping quite close to a precipice, and would certainly +have fallen into it in the darkness if they had gone only a few paces +further. And their mother told them that it must have been the angel who +watches over good children. + +Snow-white and Rose-red kept their mother’s little cottage so neat that +it was a pleasure to look inside it. In the summer Rose-red took care +of the house, and every morning laid a wreath of flowers by her mother’s +bed before she awoke, in which was a rose from each tree. In the winter +Snow-white lit the fire and hung the kettle on the hob. The kettle +was of brass and shone like gold, so brightly was it polished. In the +evening, when the snowflakes fell, the mother said: ‘Go, Snow-white, and +bolt the door,’ and then they sat round the hearth, and the mother took +her spectacles and read aloud out of a large book, and the two girls +listened as they sat and spun. And close by them lay a lamb upon the +floor, and behind them upon a perch sat a white dove with its head +hidden beneath its wings. + +One evening, as they were thus sitting comfortably together, someone +knocked at the door as if he wished to be let in. The mother said: +‘Quick, Rose-red, open the door, it must be a traveller who is seeking +shelter.’ Rose-red went and pushed back the bolt, thinking that it was a +poor man, but it was not; it was a bear that stretched his broad, black +head within the door. + +Rose-red screamed and sprang back, the lamb bleated, the dove fluttered, +and Snow-white hid herself behind her mother’s bed. But the bear began +to speak and said: ‘Do not be afraid, I will do you no harm! I am +half-frozen, and only want to warm myself a little beside you.’ + +‘Poor bear,’ said the mother, ‘lie down by the fire, only take care that +you do not burn your coat.’ Then she cried: ‘Snow-white, Rose-red, come +out, the bear will do you no harm, he means well.’ So they both came +out, and by-and-by the lamb and dove came nearer, and were not afraid +of him. The bear said: ‘Here, children, knock the snow out of my coat a +little’; so they brought the broom and swept the bear’s hide clean; +and he stretched himself by the fire and growled contentedly and +comfortably. It was not long before they grew quite at home, and played +tricks with their clumsy guest. They tugged his hair with their hands, +put their feet upon his back and rolled him about, or they took a +hazel-switch and beat him, and when he growled they laughed. But the +bear took it all in good part, only when they were too rough he called +out: ‘Leave me alive, children, + + Snow-white, Rose-red, + Will you beat your wooer dead?’ + +When it was bed-time, and the others went to bed, the mother said to the +bear: ‘You can lie there by the hearth, and then you will be safe from +the cold and the bad weather.’ As soon as day dawned the two children +let him out, and he trotted across the snow into the forest. + +Henceforth the bear came every evening at the same time, laid himself +down by the hearth, and let the children amuse themselves with him as +much as they liked; and they got so used to him that the doors were +never fastened until their black friend had arrived. + +When spring had come and all outside was green, the bear said one +morning to Snow-white: ‘Now I must go away, and cannot come back for the +whole summer.’ ‘Where are you going, then, dear bear?’ asked Snow-white. +‘I must go into the forest and guard my treasures from the wicked +dwarfs. In the winter, when the earth is frozen hard, they are obliged +to stay below and cannot work their way through; but now, when the sun +has thawed and warmed the earth, they break through it, and come out to +pry and steal; and what once gets into their hands, and in their caves, +does not easily see daylight again.’ + +Snow-white was quite sorry at his departure, and as she unbolted the +door for him, and the bear was hurrying out, he caught against the bolt +and a piece of his hairy coat was torn off, and it seemed to Snow-white +as if she had seen gold shining through it, but she was not sure about +it. The bear ran away quickly, and was soon out of sight behind the +trees. + +A short time afterwards the mother sent her children into the forest +to get firewood. There they found a big tree which lay felled on the +ground, and close by the trunk something was jumping backwards and +forwards in the grass, but they could not make out what it was. When +they came nearer they saw a dwarf with an old withered face and a +snow-white beard a yard long. The end of the beard was caught in a +crevice of the tree, and the little fellow was jumping about like a dog +tied to a rope, and did not know what to do. + +He glared at the girls with his fiery red eyes and cried: ‘Why do you +stand there? Can you not come here and help me?’ ‘What are you up to, +little man?’ asked Rose-red. ‘You stupid, prying goose!’ answered the +dwarf: ‘I was going to split the tree to get a little wood for cooking. +The little bit of food that we people get is immediately burnt up with +heavy logs; we do not swallow so much as you coarse, greedy folk. I had +just driven the wedge safely in, and everything was going as I wished; +but the cursed wedge was too smooth and suddenly sprang out, and the +tree closed so quickly that I could not pull out my beautiful white +beard; so now it is tight and I cannot get away, and the silly, sleek, +milk-faced things laugh! Ugh! how odious you are!’ + +The children tried very hard, but they could not pull the beard out, it +was caught too fast. ‘I will run and fetch someone,’ said Rose-red. ‘You +senseless goose!’ snarled the dwarf; ‘why should you fetch someone? You +are already two too many for me; can you not think of something better?’ +‘Don’t be impatient,’ said Snow-white, ‘I will help you,’ and she pulled +her scissors out of her pocket, and cut off the end of the beard. + +As soon as the dwarf felt himself free he laid hold of a bag which lay +amongst the roots of the tree, and which was full of gold, and lifted it +up, grumbling to himself: ‘Uncouth people, to cut off a piece of my fine +beard. Bad luck to you!’ and then he swung the bag upon his back, and +went off without even once looking at the children. + +Some time afterwards Snow-white and Rose-red went to catch a dish +of fish. As they came near the brook they saw something like a large +grasshopper jumping towards the water, as if it were going to leap in. +They ran to it and found it was the dwarf. ‘Where are you going?’ said +Rose-red; ‘you surely don’t want to go into the water?’ ‘I am not such +a fool!’ cried the dwarf; ‘don’t you see that the accursed fish wants +to pull me in?’ The little man had been sitting there fishing, and +unluckily the wind had tangled up his beard with the fishing-line; a +moment later a big fish made a bite and the feeble creature had not +strength to pull it out; the fish kept the upper hand and pulled the +dwarf towards him. He held on to all the reeds and rushes, but it was of +little good, for he was forced to follow the movements of the fish, and +was in urgent danger of being dragged into the water. + +The girls came just in time; they held him fast and tried to free his +beard from the line, but all in vain, beard and line were entangled fast +together. There was nothing to do but to bring out the scissors and cut +the beard, whereby a small part of it was lost. When the dwarf saw that +he screamed out: ‘Is that civil, you toadstool, to disfigure a man’s +face? Was it not enough to clip off the end of my beard? Now you have +cut off the best part of it. I cannot let myself be seen by my people. +I wish you had been made to run the soles off your shoes!’ Then he took +out a sack of pearls which lay in the rushes, and without another word +he dragged it away and disappeared behind a stone. + +It happened that soon afterwards the mother sent the two children to the +town to buy needles and thread, and laces and ribbons. The road led them +across a heath upon which huge pieces of rock lay strewn about. There +they noticed a large bird hovering in the air, flying slowly round and +round above them; it sank lower and lower, and at last settled near a +rock not far away. Immediately they heard a loud, piteous cry. They ran +up and saw with horror that the eagle had seized their old acquaintance +the dwarf, and was going to carry him off. + +The children, full of pity, at once took tight hold of the little man, +and pulled against the eagle so long that at last he let his booty go. +As soon as the dwarf had recovered from his first fright he cried +with his shrill voice: ‘Could you not have done it more carefully! You +dragged at my brown coat so that it is all torn and full of holes, you +clumsy creatures!’ Then he took up a sack full of precious stones, and +slipped away again under the rock into his hole. The girls, who by +this time were used to his ingratitude, went on their way and did their +business in town. + +As they crossed the heath again on their way home they surprised the +dwarf, who had emptied out his bag of precious stones in a clean spot, +and had not thought that anyone would come there so late. The evening +sun shone upon the brilliant stones; they glittered and sparkled with +all colours so beautifully that the children stood still and stared +at them. ‘Why do you stand gaping there?’ cried the dwarf, and his +ashen-grey face became copper-red with rage. He was still cursing when a +loud growling was heard, and a black bear came trotting towards them out +of the forest. The dwarf sprang up in a fright, but he could not reach +his cave, for the bear was already close. Then in the dread of his heart +he cried: ‘Dear Mr Bear, spare me, I will give you all my treasures; +look, the beautiful jewels lying there! Grant me my life; what do you +want with such a slender little fellow as I? you would not feel me +between your teeth. Come, take these two wicked girls, they are tender +morsels for you, fat as young quails; for mercy’s sake eat them!’ The +bear took no heed of his words, but gave the wicked creature a single +blow with his paw, and he did not move again. + +The girls had run away, but the bear called to them: ‘Snow-white and +Rose-red, do not be afraid; wait, I will come with you.’ Then they +recognized his voice and waited, and when he came up to them suddenly +his bearskin fell off, and he stood there a handsome man, clothed all in +gold. ‘I am a king’s son,’ he said, ‘and I was bewitched by that wicked +dwarf, who had stolen my treasures; I have had to run about the forest +as a savage bear until I was freed by his death. Now he has got his +well-deserved punishment. + +Snow-white was married to him, and Rose-red to his brother, and they +divided between them the great treasure which the dwarf had gathered +together in his cave. The old mother lived peacefully and happily with +her children for many years. She took the two rose-trees with her, and +they stood before her window, and every year bore the most beautiful +roses, white and red. + + +***** + + +The Brothers Grimm, Jacob (1785-1863) and Wilhelm (1786-1859), were born +in Hanau, near Frankfurt, in the German state of Hesse. Throughout +their lives they remained close friends, and both studied law at Marburg +University. Jacob was a pioneer in the study of German philology, +and although Wilhelm’s work was hampered by poor health the brothers +collaborated in the creation of a German dictionary, not completed until +a century after their deaths. But they were best (and universally) known +for the collection of over two hundred folk tales they made from oral +sources and published in two volumes of ‘Nursery and Household Tales’ in +1812 and 1814. Although their intention was to preserve such material as +part of German cultural and literary history, and their collection was +first published with scholarly notes and no illustration, the tales soon +came into the possession of young readers. This was in part due to Edgar +Taylor, who made the first English translation in 1823, selecting about +fifty stories ‘with the amusement of some young friends principally in +view.’ They have been an essential ingredient of children’s reading ever +since. + + + + +*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GRIMMS’ FAIRY TALES *** + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will +be renamed. + +Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright +law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, +so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the +United States without permission and without paying copyright +royalties. 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Thus, we do not +necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper +edition. + +Most people start at our website which has the main PG search +facility: www.gutenberg.org + +This website includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. + + diff --git a/exersizes/gutenberg/gulliver.txt b/exersizes/gutenberg/gulliver.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9aff5f2 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/gutenberg/gulliver.txt @@ -0,0 +1,9922 @@ +The Project Gutenberg eBook of Gulliver’s Travels, by Jonathan Swift + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and +most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions +whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms +of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at +www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you +will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before +using this eBook. + +Title: Gulliver’s Travels + into several remote nations of the world + +Author: Jonathan Swift + +Release Date: February 20, 1997 [eBook #829] +[Most recently updated: August 17, 2021] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 + +Produced by: David Price + +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GULLIVER’S TRAVELS *** + + + + +GULLIVER’S TRAVELS + +into several + +REMOTE NATIONS OF THE WORLD + + +BY JONATHAN SWIFT, D.D., + +dean of st. patrick’s, dublin. + +[_First published in_ 1726–7.] + +cover + +Contents + + + THE PUBLISHER TO THE READER. + A LETTER FROM CAPTAIN GULLIVER TO HIS COUSIN SYMPSON. + PART I. A VOYAGE TO LILLIPUT. + PART II. A VOYAGE TO BROBDINGNAG. + PART III. A VOYAGE TO LAPUTA, BALNIBARBI, GLUBBDUBDRIB, LUGGNAGG AND JAPAN. + PART IV. A VOYAGE TO THE COUNTRY OF THE HOUYHNHNMS. + + +THE PUBLISHER TO THE READER. + +[_As given in the original edition_.] + + +The author of these Travels, Mr. Lemuel Gulliver, is my ancient and +intimate friend; there is likewise some relation between us on the +mother’s side. About three years ago, Mr. Gulliver growing weary of the +concourse of curious people coming to him at his house in Redriff, made +a small purchase of land, with a convenient house, near Newark, in +Nottinghamshire, his native country; where he now lives retired, yet in +good esteem among his neighbours. + +Although Mr. Gulliver was born in Nottinghamshire, where his father +dwelt, yet I have heard him say his family came from Oxfordshire; to +confirm which, I have observed in the churchyard at Banbury in that +county, several tombs and monuments of the Gullivers. + +Before he quitted Redriff, he left the custody of the following papers +in my hands, with the liberty to dispose of them as I should think fit. +I have carefully perused them three times. The style is very plain and +simple; and the only fault I find is, that the author, after the manner +of travellers, is a little too circumstantial. There is an air of truth +apparent through the whole; and indeed the author was so distinguished +for his veracity, that it became a sort of proverb among his neighbours +at Redriff, when any one affirmed a thing, to say, it was as true as if +Mr. Gulliver had spoken it. + +By the advice of several worthy persons, to whom, with the author’s +permission, I communicated these papers, I now venture to send them +into the world, hoping they may be, at least for some time, a better +entertainment to our young noblemen, than the common scribbles of +politics and party. + +This volume would have been at least twice as large, if I had not made +bold to strike out innumerable passages relating to the winds and +tides, as well as to the variations and bearings in the several +voyages, together with the minute descriptions of the management of the +ship in storms, in the style of sailors; likewise the account of +longitudes and latitudes; wherein I have reason to apprehend, that Mr. +Gulliver may be a little dissatisfied. But I was resolved to fit the +work as much as possible to the general capacity of readers. However, +if my own ignorance in sea affairs shall have led me to commit some +mistakes, I alone am answerable for them. And if any traveller hath a +curiosity to see the whole work at large, as it came from the hands of +the author, I will be ready to gratify him. + +As for any further particulars relating to the author, the reader will +receive satisfaction from the first pages of the book. + + + RICHARD SYMPSON. + + +A LETTER FROM CAPTAIN GULLIVER TO HIS COUSIN SYMPSON. + +Written in the Year 1727. + +I hope you will be ready to own publicly, whenever you shall be called +to it, that by your great and frequent urgency you prevailed on me to +publish a very loose and uncorrect account of my travels, with +directions to hire some young gentleman of either university to put +them in order, and correct the style, as my cousin Dampier did, by my +advice, in his book called “A Voyage round the world.” But I do not +remember I gave you power to consent that any thing should be omitted, +and much less that any thing should be inserted; therefore, as to the +latter, I do here renounce every thing of that kind; particularly a +paragraph about her majesty Queen Anne, of most pious and glorious +memory; although I did reverence and esteem her more than any of human +species. But you, or your interpolator, ought to have considered, that +it was not my inclination, so was it not decent to praise any animal of +our composition before my master _Houyhnhnm_: And besides, the fact was +altogether false; for to my knowledge, being in England during some +part of her majesty’s reign, she did govern by a chief minister; nay +even by two successively, the first whereof was the lord of Godolphin, +and the second the lord of Oxford; so that you have made me say the +thing that was not. Likewise in the account of the academy of +projectors, and several passages of my discourse to my master +_Houyhnhnm_, you have either omitted some material circumstances, or +minced or changed them in such a manner, that I do hardly know my own +work. When I formerly hinted to you something of this in a letter, you +were pleased to answer that you were afraid of giving offence; that +people in power were very watchful over the press, and apt not only to +interpret, but to punish every thing which looked like an _innuendo_ +(as I think you call it). But, pray how could that which I spoke so +many years ago, and at about five thousand leagues distance, in another +reign, be applied to any of the _Yahoos_, who now are said to govern +the herd; especially at a time when I little thought, or feared, the +unhappiness of living under them? Have not I the most reason to +complain, when I see these very _Yahoos_ carried by _Houyhnhnms_ in a +vehicle, as if they were brutes, and those the rational creatures? And +indeed to avoid so monstrous and detestable a sight was one principal +motive of my retirement hither. + +Thus much I thought proper to tell you in relation to yourself, and to +the trust I reposed in you. + +I do, in the next place, complain of my own great want of judgment, in +being prevailed upon by the entreaties and false reasoning of you and +some others, very much against my own opinion, to suffer my travels to +be published. Pray bring to your mind how often I desired you to +consider, when you insisted on the motive of public good, that the +_Yahoos_ were a species of animals utterly incapable of amendment by +precept or example: and so it has proved; for, instead of seeing a full +stop put to all abuses and corruptions, at least in this little island, +as I had reason to expect; behold, after above six months warning, I +cannot learn that my book has produced one single effect according to +my intentions. I desired you would let me know, by a letter, when party +and faction were extinguished; judges learned and upright; pleaders +honest and modest, with some tincture of common sense, and Smithfield +blazing with pyramids of law books; the young nobility’s education +entirely changed; the physicians banished; the female _Yahoos_ +abounding in virtue, honour, truth, and good sense; courts and levees +of great ministers thoroughly weeded and swept; wit, merit, and +learning rewarded; all disgracers of the press in prose and verse +condemned to eat nothing but their own cotton, and quench their thirst +with their own ink. These, and a thousand other reformations, I firmly +counted upon by your encouragement; as indeed they were plainly +deducible from the precepts delivered in my book. And it must be owned, +that seven months were a sufficient time to correct every vice and +folly to which _Yahoos_ are subject, if their natures had been capable +of the least disposition to virtue or wisdom. Yet, so far have you been +from answering my expectation in any of your letters; that on the +contrary you are loading our carrier every week with libels, and keys, +and reflections, and memoirs, and second parts; wherein I see myself +accused of reflecting upon great state folk; of degrading human nature +(for so they have still the confidence to style it), and of abusing the +female sex. I find likewise that the writers of those bundles are not +agreed among themselves; for some of them will not allow me to be the +author of my own travels; and others make me author of books to which I +am wholly a stranger. + +I find likewise that your printer has been so careless as to confound +the times, and mistake the dates, of my several voyages and returns; +neither assigning the true year, nor the true month, nor day of the +month: and I hear the original manuscript is all destroyed since the +publication of my book; neither have I any copy left: however, I have +sent you some corrections, which you may insert, if ever there should +be a second edition: and yet I cannot stand to them; but shall leave +that matter to my judicious and candid readers to adjust it as they +please. + +I hear some of our sea _Yahoos_ find fault with my sea-language, as not +proper in many parts, nor now in use. I cannot help it. In my first +voyages, while I was young, I was instructed by the oldest mariners, +and learned to speak as they did. But I have since found that the sea +_Yahoos_ are apt, like the land ones, to become new-fangled in their +words, which the latter change every year; insomuch, as I remember upon +each return to my own country their old dialect was so altered, that I +could hardly understand the new. And I observe, when any _Yahoo_ comes +from London out of curiosity to visit me at my house, we neither of us +are able to deliver our conceptions in a manner intelligible to the +other. + +If the censure of the _Yahoos_ could any way affect me, I should have +great reason to complain, that some of them are so bold as to think my +book of travels a mere fiction out of mine own brain, and have gone so +far as to drop hints, that the _Houyhnhnms_ and _Yahoos_ have no more +existence than the inhabitants of Utopia. + +Indeed I must confess, that as to the people of _Lilliput_, +_Brobdingrag_ (for so the word should have been spelt, and not +erroneously _Brobdingnag_), and _Laputa_, I have never yet heard of any +_Yahoo_ so presumptuous as to dispute their being, or the facts I have +related concerning them; because the truth immediately strikes every +reader with conviction. And is there less probability in my account of +the _Houyhnhnms_ or _Yahoos_, when it is manifest as to the latter, +there are so many thousands even in this country, who only differ from +their brother brutes in _Houyhnhnmland_, because they use a sort of +jabber, and do not go naked? I wrote for their amendment, and not their +approbation. The united praise of the whole race would be of less +consequence to me, than the neighing of those two degenerate +_Houyhnhnms_ I keep in my stable; because from these, degenerate as +they are, I still improve in some virtues without any mixture of vice. + +Do these miserable animals presume to think, that I am so degenerated +as to defend my veracity? _Yahoo_ as I am, it is well known through all +_Houyhnhnmland_, that, by the instructions and example of my +illustrious master, I was able in the compass of two years (although I +confess with the utmost difficulty) to remove that infernal habit of +lying, shuffling, deceiving, and equivocating, so deeply rooted in the +very souls of all my species; especially the Europeans. + +I have other complaints to make upon this vexatious occasion; but I +forbear troubling myself or you any further. I must freely confess, +that since my last return, some corruptions of my _Yahoo_ nature have +revived in me by conversing with a few of your species, and +particularly those of my own family, by an unavoidable necessity; else +I should never have attempted so absurd a project as that of reforming +the _Yahoo_ race in this kingdom; but I have now done with all such +visionary schemes for ever. + +_April_ 2, 1727 + + +PART I. A VOYAGE TO LILLIPUT. + + +CHAPTER I. + +The author gives some account of himself and family. His first +inducements to travel. He is shipwrecked, and swims for his life, gets +safe on shore in the country of Lilliput; is made a prisoner, and +carried up the country. + + +My father had a small estate in Nottinghamshire; I was the third of +five sons. He sent me to Emanuel College in Cambridge at fourteen years +old, where I resided three years, and applied myself close to my +studies; but the charge of maintaining me, although I had a very scanty +allowance, being too great for a narrow fortune, I was bound apprentice +to Mr. James Bates, an eminent surgeon in London, with whom I continued +four years. My father now and then sending me small sums of money, I +laid them out in learning navigation, and other parts of the +mathematics, useful to those who intend to travel, as I always believed +it would be, some time or other, my fortune to do. When I left Mr. +Bates, I went down to my father: where, by the assistance of him and my +uncle John, and some other relations, I got forty pounds, and a promise +of thirty pounds a year to maintain me at Leyden: there I studied +physic two years and seven months, knowing it would be useful in long +voyages. + +Soon after my return from Leyden, I was recommended by my good master, +Mr. Bates, to be surgeon to the Swallow, Captain Abraham Pannel, +commander; with whom I continued three years and a half, making a +voyage or two into the Levant, and some other parts. When I came back I +resolved to settle in London; to which Mr. Bates, my master, encouraged +me, and by him I was recommended to several patients. I took part of a +small house in the Old Jewry; and being advised to alter my condition, +I married Mrs. Mary Burton, second daughter to Mr. Edmund Burton, +hosier, in Newgate-street, with whom I received four hundred pounds for +a portion. + +But my good master Bates dying in two years after, and I having few +friends, my business began to fail; for my conscience would not suffer +me to imitate the bad practice of too many among my brethren. Having +therefore consulted with my wife, and some of my acquaintance, I +determined to go again to sea. I was surgeon successively in two ships, +and made several voyages, for six years, to the East and West Indies, +by which I got some addition to my fortune. My hours of leisure I spent +in reading the best authors, ancient and modern, being always provided +with a good number of books; and when I was ashore, in observing the +manners and dispositions of the people, as well as learning their +language; wherein I had a great facility, by the strength of my memory. + +The last of these voyages not proving very fortunate, I grew weary of +the sea, and intended to stay at home with my wife and family. I +removed from the Old Jewry to Fetter Lane, and from thence to Wapping, +hoping to get business among the sailors; but it would not turn to +account. After three years expectation that things would mend, I +accepted an advantageous offer from Captain William Prichard, master of +the Antelope, who was making a voyage to the South Sea. We set sail +from Bristol, May 4, 1699, and our voyage was at first very prosperous. + +It would not be proper, for some reasons, to trouble the reader with +the particulars of our adventures in those seas; let it suffice to +inform him, that in our passage from thence to the East Indies, we were +driven by a violent storm to the north-west of Van Diemen’s Land. By an +observation, we found ourselves in the latitude of 30 degrees 2 minutes +south. Twelve of our crew were dead by immoderate labour and ill food; +the rest were in a very weak condition. On the 5th of November, which +was the beginning of summer in those parts, the weather being very +hazy, the seamen spied a rock within half a cable’s length of the ship; +but the wind was so strong, that we were driven directly upon it, and +immediately split. Six of the crew, of whom I was one, having let down +the boat into the sea, made a shift to get clear of the ship and the +rock. We rowed, by my computation, about three leagues, till we were +able to work no longer, being already spent with labour while we were +in the ship. We therefore trusted ourselves to the mercy of the waves, +and in about half an hour the boat was overset by a sudden flurry from +the north. What became of my companions in the boat, as well as of +those who escaped on the rock, or were left in the vessel, I cannot +tell; but conclude they were all lost. For my own part, I swam as +fortune directed me, and was pushed forward by wind and tide. I often +let my legs drop, and could feel no bottom; but when I was almost gone, +and able to struggle no longer, I found myself within my depth; and by +this time the storm was much abated. The declivity was so small, that I +walked near a mile before I got to the shore, which I conjectured was +about eight o’clock in the evening. I then advanced forward near half a +mile, but could not discover any sign of houses or inhabitants; at +least I was in so weak a condition, that I did not observe them. I was +extremely tired, and with that, and the heat of the weather, and about +half a pint of brandy that I drank as I left the ship, I found myself +much inclined to sleep. I lay down on the grass, which was very short +and soft, where I slept sounder than ever I remembered to have done in +my life, and, as I reckoned, about nine hours; for when I awaked, it +was just day-light. I attempted to rise, but was not able to stir: for, +as I happened to lie on my back, I found my arms and legs were strongly +fastened on each side to the ground; and my hair, which was long and +thick, tied down in the same manner. I likewise felt several slender +ligatures across my body, from my arm-pits to my thighs. I could only +look upwards; the sun began to grow hot, and the light offended my +eyes. I heard a confused noise about me; but in the posture I lay, +could see nothing except the sky. In a little time I felt something +alive moving on my left leg, which advancing gently forward over my +breast, came almost up to my chin; when, bending my eyes downwards as +much as I could, I perceived it to be a human creature not six inches +high, with a bow and arrow in his hands, and a quiver at his back. In +the mean time, I felt at least forty more of the same kind (as I +conjectured) following the first. I was in the utmost astonishment, and +roared so loud, that they all ran back in a fright; and some of them, +as I was afterwards told, were hurt with the falls they got by leaping +from my sides upon the ground. However, they soon returned, and one of +them, who ventured so far as to get a full sight of my face, lifting up +his hands and eyes by way of admiration, cried out in a shrill but +distinct voice, _Hekinah degul_: the others repeated the same words +several times, but then I knew not what they meant. I lay all this +while, as the reader may believe, in great uneasiness. At length, +struggling to get loose, I had the fortune to break the strings, and +wrench out the pegs that fastened my left arm to the ground; for, by +lifting it up to my face, I discovered the methods they had taken to +bind me, and at the same time with a violent pull, which gave me +excessive pain, I a little loosened the strings that tied down my hair +on the left side, so that I was just able to turn my head about two +inches. But the creatures ran off a second time, before I could seize +them; whereupon there was a great shout in a very shrill accent, and +after it ceased I heard one of them cry aloud _Tolgo phonac_; when in +an instant I felt above a hundred arrows discharged on my left hand, +which, pricked me like so many needles; and besides, they shot another +flight into the air, as we do bombs in Europe, whereof many, I suppose, +fell on my body, (though I felt them not), and some on my face, which I +immediately covered with my left hand. When this shower of arrows was +over, I fell a groaning with grief and pain; and then striving again to +get loose, they discharged another volley larger than the first, and +some of them attempted with spears to stick me in the sides; but by +good luck I had on a buff jerkin, which they could not pierce. I +thought it the most prudent method to lie still, and my design was to +continue so till night, when, my left hand being already loose, I could +easily free myself: and as for the inhabitants, I had reason to believe +I might be a match for the greatest army they could bring against me, +if they were all of the same size with him that I saw. But fortune +disposed otherwise of me. When the people observed I was quiet, they +discharged no more arrows; but, by the noise I heard, I knew their +numbers increased; and about four yards from me, over against my right +ear, I heard a knocking for above an hour, like that of people at work; +when turning my head that way, as well as the pegs and strings would +permit me, I saw a stage erected about a foot and a half from the +ground, capable of holding four of the inhabitants, with two or three +ladders to mount it: from whence one of them, who seemed to be a person +of quality, made me a long speech, whereof I understood not one +syllable. But I should have mentioned, that before the principal person +began his oration, he cried out three times, _Langro dehul san_ (these +words and the former were afterwards repeated and explained to me); +whereupon, immediately, about fifty of the inhabitants came and cut the +strings that fastened the left side of my head, which gave me the +liberty of turning it to the right, and of observing the person and +gesture of him that was to speak. He appeared to be of a middle age, +and taller than any of the other three who attended him, whereof one +was a page that held up his train, and seemed to be somewhat longer +than my middle finger; the other two stood one on each side to support +him. He acted every part of an orator, and I could observe many periods +of threatenings, and others of promises, pity, and kindness. I answered +in a few words, but in the most submissive manner, lifting up my left +hand, and both my eyes to the sun, as calling him for a witness; and +being almost famished with hunger, having not eaten a morsel for some +hours before I left the ship, I found the demands of nature so strong +upon me, that I could not forbear showing my impatience (perhaps +against the strict rules of decency) by putting my finger frequently to +my mouth, to signify that I wanted food. The _hurgo_ (for so they call +a great lord, as I afterwards learnt) understood me very well. He +descended from the stage, and commanded that several ladders should be +applied to my sides, on which above a hundred of the inhabitants +mounted and walked towards my mouth, laden with baskets full of meat, +which had been provided and sent thither by the king’s orders, upon the +first intelligence he received of me. I observed there was the flesh of +several animals, but could not distinguish them by the taste. There +were shoulders, legs, and loins, shaped like those of mutton, and very +well dressed, but smaller than the wings of a lark. I ate them by two +or three at a mouthful, and took three loaves at a time, about the +bigness of musket bullets. They supplied me as fast as they could, +showing a thousand marks of wonder and astonishment at my bulk and +appetite. I then made another sign, that I wanted drink. They found by +my eating that a small quantity would not suffice me; and being a most +ingenious people, they slung up, with great dexterity, one of their +largest hogsheads, then rolled it towards my hand, and beat out the +top; I drank it off at a draught, which I might well do, for it did not +hold half a pint, and tasted like a small wine of Burgundy, but much +more delicious. They brought me a second hogshead, which I drank in the +same manner, and made signs for more; but they had none to give me. +When I had performed these wonders, they shouted for joy, and danced +upon my breast, repeating several times as they did at first, _Hekinah +degul_. They made me a sign that I should throw down the two hogsheads, +but first warning the people below to stand out of the way, crying +aloud, _Borach mevolah_; and when they saw the vessels in the air, +there was a universal shout of _Hekinah degul_. I confess I was often +tempted, while they were passing backwards and forwards on my body, to +seize forty or fifty of the first that came in my reach, and dash them +against the ground. But the remembrance of what I had felt, which +probably might not be the worst they could do, and the promise of +honour I made them—for so I interpreted my submissive behaviour—soon +drove out these imaginations. Besides, I now considered myself as bound +by the laws of hospitality, to a people who had treated me with so much +expense and magnificence. However, in my thoughts I could not +sufficiently wonder at the intrepidity of these diminutive mortals, who +durst venture to mount and walk upon my body, while one of my hands was +at liberty, without trembling at the very sight of so prodigious a +creature as I must appear to them. After some time, when they observed +that I made no more demands for meat, there appeared before me a person +of high rank from his imperial majesty. His excellency, having mounted +on the small of my right leg, advanced forwards up to my face, with +about a dozen of his retinue; and producing his credentials under the +signet royal, which he applied close to my eyes, spoke about ten +minutes without any signs of anger, but with a kind of determinate +resolution, often pointing forwards, which, as I afterwards found, was +towards the capital city, about half a mile distant; whither it was +agreed by his majesty in council that I must be conveyed. I answered in +few words, but to no purpose, and made a sign with my hand that was +loose, putting it to the other (but over his excellency’s head for fear +of hurting him or his train) and then to my own head and body, to +signify that I desired my liberty. It appeared that he understood me +well enough, for he shook his head by way of disapprobation, and held +his hand in a posture to show that I must be carried as a prisoner. +However, he made other signs to let me understand that I should have +meat and drink enough, and very good treatment. Whereupon I once more +thought of attempting to break my bonds; but again, when I felt the +smart of their arrows upon my face and hands, which were all in +blisters, and many of the darts still sticking in them, and observing +likewise that the number of my enemies increased, I gave tokens to let +them know that they might do with me what they pleased. Upon this, the +_hurgo_ and his train withdrew, with much civility and cheerful +countenances. Soon after I heard a general shout, with frequent +repetitions of the words _Peplom selan_; and I felt great numbers of +people on my left side relaxing the cords to such a degree, that I was +able to turn upon my right, and to ease myself with making water; which +I very plentifully did, to the great astonishment of the people; who, +conjecturing by my motion what I was going to do, immediately opened to +the right and left on that side, to avoid the torrent, which fell with +such noise and violence from me. But before this, they had daubed my +face and both my hands with a sort of ointment, very pleasant to the +smell, which, in a few minutes, removed all the smart of their arrows. +These circumstances, added to the refreshment I had received by their +victuals and drink, which were very nourishing, disposed me to sleep. I +slept about eight hours, as I was afterwards assured; and it was no +wonder, for the physicians, by the emperor’s order, had mingled a +sleepy potion in the hogsheads of wine. + +It seems, that upon the first moment I was discovered sleeping on the +ground, after my landing, the emperor had early notice of it by an +express; and determined in council, that I should be tied in the manner +I have related, (which was done in the night while I slept;) that +plenty of meat and drink should be sent to me, and a machine prepared +to carry me to the capital city. + +This resolution perhaps may appear very bold and dangerous, and I am +confident would not be imitated by any prince in Europe on the like +occasion. However, in my opinion, it was extremely prudent, as well as +generous: for, supposing these people had endeavoured to kill me with +their spears and arrows, while I was asleep, I should certainly have +awaked with the first sense of smart, which might so far have roused my +rage and strength, as to have enabled me to break the strings wherewith +I was tied; after which, as they were not able to make resistance, so +they could expect no mercy. + +These people are most excellent mathematicians, and arrived to a great +perfection in mechanics, by the countenance and encouragement of the +emperor, who is a renowned patron of learning. This prince has several +machines fixed on wheels, for the carriage of trees and other great +weights. He often builds his largest men of war, whereof some are nine +feet long, in the woods where the timber grows, and has them carried on +these engines three or four hundred yards to the sea. Five hundred +carpenters and engineers were immediately set at work to prepare the +greatest engine they had. It was a frame of wood raised three inches +from the ground, about seven feet long, and four wide, moving upon +twenty-two wheels. The shout I heard was upon the arrival of this +engine, which, it seems, set out in four hours after my landing. It was +brought parallel to me, as I lay. But the principal difficulty was to +raise and place me in this vehicle. Eighty poles, each of one foot +high, were erected for this purpose, and very strong cords, of the +bigness of packthread, were fastened by hooks to many bandages, which +the workmen had girt round my neck, my hands, my body, and my legs. +Nine hundred of the strongest men were employed to draw up these cords, +by many pulleys fastened on the poles; and thus, in less than three +hours, I was raised and slung into the engine, and there tied fast. All +this I was told; for, while the operation was performing, I lay in a +profound sleep, by the force of that soporiferous medicine infused into +my liquor. Fifteen hundred of the emperor’s largest horses, each about +four inches and a half high, were employed to draw me towards the +metropolis, which, as I said, was half a mile distant. + +About four hours after we began our journey, I awaked by a very +ridiculous accident; for the carriage being stopped a while, to adjust +something that was out of order, two or three of the young natives had +the curiosity to see how I looked when I was asleep; they climbed up +into the engine, and advancing very softly to my face, one of them, an +officer in the guards, put the sharp end of his half-pike a good way up +into my left nostril, which tickled my nose like a straw, and made me +sneeze violently; whereupon they stole off unperceived, and it was +three weeks before I knew the cause of my waking so suddenly. We made a +long march the remaining part of the day, and, rested at night with +five hundred guards on each side of me, half with torches, and half +with bows and arrows, ready to shoot me if I should offer to stir. The +next morning at sunrise we continued our march, and arrived within two +hundred yards of the city gates about noon. The emperor, and all his +court, came out to meet us; but his great officers would by no means +suffer his majesty to endanger his person by mounting on my body. + +At the place where the carriage stopped there stood an ancient temple, +esteemed to be the largest in the whole kingdom; which, having been +polluted some years before by an unnatural murder, was, according to +the zeal of those people, looked upon as profane, and therefore had +been applied to common use, and all the ornaments and furniture carried +away. In this edifice it was determined I should lodge. The great gate +fronting to the north was about four feet high, and almost two feet +wide, through which I could easily creep. On each side of the gate was +a small window, not above six inches from the ground: into that on the +left side, the king’s smith conveyed fourscore and eleven chains, like +those that hang to a lady’s watch in Europe, and almost as large, which +were locked to my left leg with six-and-thirty padlocks. Over against +this temple, on the other side of the great highway, at twenty feet +distance, there was a turret at least five feet high. Here the emperor +ascended, with many principal lords of his court, to have an +opportunity of viewing me, as I was told, for I could not see them. It +was reckoned that above a hundred thousand inhabitants came out of the +town upon the same errand; and, in spite of my guards, I believe there +could not be fewer than ten thousand at several times, who mounted my +body by the help of ladders. But a proclamation was soon issued, to +forbid it upon pain of death. When the workmen found it was impossible +for me to break loose, they cut all the strings that bound me; +whereupon I rose up, with as melancholy a disposition as ever I had in +my life. But the noise and astonishment of the people, at seeing me +rise and walk, are not to be expressed. The chains that held my left +leg were about two yards long, and gave me not only the liberty of +walking backwards and forwards in a semicircle, but, being fixed within +four inches of the gate, allowed me to creep in, and lie at my full +length in the temple. + + +CHAPTER II. + +The emperor of Lilliput, attended by several of the nobility, comes to +see the author in his confinement. The emperor’s person and habit +described. Learned men appointed to teach the author their language. He +gains favour by his mild disposition. His pockets are searched, and his +sword and pistols taken from him. + + +When I found myself on my feet, I looked about me, and must confess I +never beheld a more entertaining prospect. The country around appeared +like a continued garden, and the enclosed fields, which were generally +forty feet square, resembled so many beds of flowers. These fields were +intermingled with woods of half a stang, [301] and the tallest trees, +as I could judge, appeared to be seven feet high. I viewed the town on +my left hand, which looked like the painted scene of a city in a +theatre. + +I had been for some hours extremely pressed by the necessities of +nature; which was no wonder, it being almost two days since I had last +disburdened myself. I was under great difficulties between urgency and +shame. The best expedient I could think of, was to creep into my house, +which I accordingly did; and shutting the gate after me, I went as far +as the length of my chain would suffer, and discharged my body of that +uneasy load. But this was the only time I was ever guilty of so +uncleanly an action; for which I cannot but hope the candid reader will +give some allowance, after he has maturely and impartially considered +my case, and the distress I was in. From this time my constant practice +was, as soon as I rose, to perform that business in open air, at the +full extent of my chain; and due care was taken every morning before +company came, that the offensive matter should be carried off in +wheel-barrows, by two servants appointed for that purpose. I would not +have dwelt so long upon a circumstance that, perhaps, at first sight, +may appear not very momentous, if I had not thought it necessary to +justify my character, in point of cleanliness, to the world; which, I +am told, some of my maligners have been pleased, upon this and other +occasions, to call in question. + +When this adventure was at an end, I came back out of my house, having +occasion for fresh air. The emperor was already descended from the +tower, and advancing on horseback towards me, which had like to have +cost him dear; for the beast, though very well trained, yet wholly +unused to such a sight, which appeared as if a mountain moved before +him, reared up on its hinder feet: but that prince, who is an excellent +horseman, kept his seat, till his attendants ran in, and held the +bridle, while his majesty had time to dismount. When he alighted, he +surveyed me round with great admiration; but kept beyond the length of +my chain. He ordered his cooks and butlers, who were already prepared, +to give me victuals and drink, which they pushed forward in a sort of +vehicles upon wheels, till I could reach them. I took these vehicles +and soon emptied them all; twenty of them were filled with meat, and +ten with liquor; each of the former afforded me two or three good +mouthfuls; and I emptied the liquor of ten vessels, which was contained +in earthen vials, into one vehicle, drinking it off at a draught; and +so I did with the rest. The empress, and young princes of the blood of +both sexes, attended by many ladies, sat at some distance in their +chairs; but upon the accident that happened to the emperor’s horse, +they alighted, and came near his person, which I am now going to +describe. He is taller by almost the breadth of my nail, than any of +his court; which alone is enough to strike an awe into the beholders. +His features are strong and masculine, with an Austrian lip and arched +nose, his complexion olive, his countenance erect, his body and limbs +well proportioned, all his motions graceful, and his deportment +majestic. He was then past his prime, being twenty-eight years and +three quarters old, of which he had reigned about seven in great +felicity, and generally victorious. For the better convenience of +beholding him, I lay on my side, so that my face was parallel to his, +and he stood but three yards off: however, I have had him since many +times in my hand, and therefore cannot be deceived in the description. +His dress was very plain and simple, and the fashion of it between the +Asiatic and the European; but he had on his head a light helmet of +gold, adorned with jewels, and a plume on the crest. He held his sword +drawn in his hand to defend himself, if I should happen to break loose; +it was almost three inches long; the hilt and scabbard were gold +enriched with diamonds. His voice was shrill, but very clear and +articulate; and I could distinctly hear it when I stood up. The ladies +and courtiers were all most magnificently clad; so that the spot they +stood upon seemed to resemble a petticoat spread upon the ground, +embroidered with figures of gold and silver. His imperial majesty spoke +often to me, and I returned answers: but neither of us could understand +a syllable. There were several of his priests and lawyers present (as I +conjectured by their habits), who were commanded to address themselves +to me; and I spoke to them in as many languages as I had the least +smattering of, which were High and Low Dutch, Latin, French, Spanish, +Italian, and Lingua Franca, but all to no purpose. After about two +hours the court retired, and I was left with a strong guard, to prevent +the impertinence, and probably the malice of the rabble, who were very +impatient to crowd about me as near as they durst; and some of them had +the impudence to shoot their arrows at me, as I sat on the ground by +the door of my house, whereof one very narrowly missed my left eye. But +the colonel ordered six of the ringleaders to be seized, and thought no +punishment so proper as to deliver them bound into my hands; which some +of his soldiers accordingly did, pushing them forward with the +butt-ends of their pikes into my reach. I took them all in my right +hand, put five of them into my coat-pocket; and as to the sixth, I made +a countenance as if I would eat him alive. The poor man squalled +terribly, and the colonel and his officers were in much pain, +especially when they saw me take out my penknife: but I soon put them +out of fear; for, looking mildly, and immediately cutting the strings +he was bound with, I set him gently on the ground, and away he ran. I +treated the rest in the same manner, taking them one by one out of my +pocket; and I observed both the soldiers and people were highly +delighted at this mark of my clemency, which was represented very much +to my advantage at court. + +Towards night I got with some difficulty into my house, where I lay on +the ground, and continued to do so about a fortnight; during which +time, the emperor gave orders to have a bed prepared for me. Six +hundred beds of the common measure were brought in carriages, and +worked up in my house; a hundred and fifty of their beds, sewn +together, made up the breadth and length; and these were four double: +which, however, kept me but very indifferently from the hardness of the +floor, that was of smooth stone. By the same computation, they provided +me with sheets, blankets, and coverlets, tolerable enough for one who +had been so long inured to hardships. + +As the news of my arrival spread through the kingdom, it brought +prodigious numbers of rich, idle, and curious people to see me; so that +the villages were almost emptied; and great neglect of tillage and +household affairs must have ensued, if his imperial majesty had not +provided, by several proclamations and orders of state, against this +inconveniency. He directed that those who had already beheld me should +return home, and not presume to come within fifty yards of my house, +without license from the court; whereby the secretaries of state got +considerable fees. + +In the mean time the emperor held frequent councils, to debate what +course should be taken with me; and I was afterwards assured by a +particular friend, a person of great quality, who was as much in the +secret as any, that the court was under many difficulties concerning +me. They apprehended my breaking loose; that my diet would be very +expensive, and might cause a famine. Sometimes they determined to +starve me; or at least to shoot me in the face and hands with poisoned +arrows, which would soon despatch me; but again they considered, that +the stench of so large a carcass might produce a plague in the +metropolis, and probably spread through the whole kingdom. In the midst +of these consultations, several officers of the army went to the door +of the great council-chamber, and two of them being admitted, gave an +account of my behaviour to the six criminals above-mentioned; which +made so favourable an impression in the breast of his majesty and the +whole board, in my behalf, that an imperial commission was issued out, +obliging all the villages, nine hundred yards round the city, to +deliver in every morning six beeves, forty sheep, and other victuals +for my sustenance; together with a proportionable quantity of bread, +and wine, and other liquors; for the due payment of which, his majesty +gave assignments upon his treasury:—for this prince lives chiefly upon +his own demesnes; seldom, except upon great occasions, raising any +subsidies upon his subjects, who are bound to attend him in his wars at +their own expense. An establishment was also made of six hundred +persons to be my domestics, who had board-wages allowed for their +maintenance, and tents built for them very conveniently on each side of +my door. It was likewise ordered, that three hundred tailors should +make me a suit of clothes, after the fashion of the country; that six +of his majesty’s greatest scholars should be employed to instruct me in +their language; and lastly, that the emperor’s horses, and those of the +nobility and troops of guards, should be frequently exercised in my +sight, to accustom themselves to me. All these orders were duly put in +execution; and in about three weeks I made a great progress in learning +their language; during which time the emperor frequently honoured me +with his visits, and was pleased to assist my masters in teaching me. +We began already to converse together in some sort; and the first words +I learnt, were to express my desire “that he would please give me my +liberty;” which I every day repeated on my knees. His answer, as I +could comprehend it, was, “that this must be a work of time, not to be +thought on without the advice of his council, and that first I must +_lumos kelmin pesso desmar lon emposo_;” that is, swear a peace with +him and his kingdom. However, that I should be used with all kindness. +And he advised me to “acquire, by my patience and discreet behaviour, +the good opinion of himself and his subjects.” He desired “I would not +take it ill, if he gave orders to certain proper officers to search me; +for probably I might carry about me several weapons, which must needs +be dangerous things, if they answered the bulk of so prodigious a +person.” I said, “His majesty should be satisfied; for I was ready to +strip myself, and turn up my pockets before him.” This I delivered part +in words, and part in signs. He replied, “that, by the laws of the +kingdom, I must be searched by two of his officers; that he knew this +could not be done without my consent and assistance; and he had so good +an opinion of my generosity and justice, as to trust their persons in +my hands; that whatever they took from me, should be returned when I +left the country, or paid for at the rate which I would set upon them.” +I took up the two officers in my hands, put them first into my +coat-pockets, and then into every other pocket about me, except my two +fobs, and another secret pocket, which I had no mind should be +searched, wherein I had some little necessaries that were of no +consequence to any but myself. In one of my fobs there was a silver +watch, and in the other a small quantity of gold in a purse. These +gentlemen, having pen, ink, and paper, about them, made an exact +inventory of every thing they saw; and when they had done, desired I +would set them down, that they might deliver it to the emperor. This +inventory I afterwards translated into English, and is, word for word, +as follows: + + +“_Imprimis_: In the right coat-pocket of the great man-mountain” (for +so I interpret the words _quinbus flestrin_,) “after the strictest +search, we found only one great piece of coarse-cloth, large enough to +be a foot-cloth for your majesty’s chief room of state. In the left +pocket we saw a huge silver chest, with a cover of the same metal, +which we, the searchers, were not able to lift. We desired it should be +opened, and one of us stepping into it, found himself up to the mid leg +in a sort of dust, some part whereof flying up to our faces set us both +a sneezing for several times together. In his right waistcoat-pocket we +found a prodigious bundle of white thin substances, folded one over +another, about the bigness of three men, tied with a strong cable, and +marked with black figures; which we humbly conceive to be writings, +every letter almost half as large as the palm of our hands. In the left +there was a sort of engine, from the back of which were extended twenty +long poles, resembling the pallisados before your majesty’s court: +wherewith we conjecture the man-mountain combs his head; for we did not +always trouble him with questions, because we found it a great +difficulty to make him understand us. In the large pocket, on the right +side of his middle cover” (so I translate the word _ranfulo_, by which +they meant my breeches,) “we saw a hollow pillar of iron, about the +length of a man, fastened to a strong piece of timber larger than the +pillar; and upon one side of the pillar, were huge pieces of iron +sticking out, cut into strange figures, which we know not what to make +of. In the left pocket, another engine of the same kind. In the smaller +pocket on the right side, were several round flat pieces of white and +red metal, of different bulk; some of the white, which seemed to be +silver, were so large and heavy, that my comrade and I could hardly +lift them. In the left pocket were two black pillars irregularly +shaped: we could not, without difficulty, reach the top of them, as we +stood at the bottom of his pocket. One of them was covered, and seemed +all of a piece: but at the upper end of the other there appeared a +white round substance, about twice the bigness of our heads. Within +each of these was enclosed a prodigious plate of steel; which, by our +orders, we obliged him to show us, because we apprehended they might be +dangerous engines. He took them out of their cases, and told us, that +in his own country his practice was to shave his beard with one of +these, and cut his meat with the other. There were two pockets which we +could not enter: these he called his fobs; they were two large slits +cut into the top of his middle cover, but squeezed close by the +pressure of his belly. Out of the right fob hung a great silver chain, +with a wonderful kind of engine at the bottom. We directed him to draw +out whatever was at the end of that chain; which appeared to be a +globe, half silver, and half of some transparent metal; for, on the +transparent side, we saw certain strange figures circularly drawn, and +thought we could touch them, till we found our fingers stopped by the +lucid substance. He put this engine into our ears, which made an +incessant noise, like that of a water-mill: and we conjecture it is +either some unknown animal, or the god that he worships; but we are +more inclined to the latter opinion, because he assured us, (if we +understood him right, for he expressed himself very imperfectly) that +he seldom did any thing without consulting it. He called it his oracle, +and said, it pointed out the time for every action of his life. From +the left fob he took out a net almost large enough for a fisherman, but +contrived to open and shut like a purse, and served him for the same +use: we found therein several massy pieces of yellow metal, which, if +they be real gold, must be of immense value. + +“Having thus, in obedience to your majesty’s commands, diligently +searched all his pockets, we observed a girdle about his waist made of +the hide of some prodigious animal, from which, on the left side, hung +a sword of the length of five men; and on the right, a bag or pouch +divided into two cells, each cell capable of holding three of your +majesty’s subjects. In one of these cells were several globes, or +balls, of a most ponderous metal, about the bigness of our heads, and +requiring a strong hand to lift them: the other cell contained a heap +of certain black grains, but of no great bulk or weight, for we could +hold above fifty of them in the palms of our hands. + +“This is an exact inventory of what we found about the body of the +man-mountain, who used us with great civility, and due respect to your +majesty’s commission. Signed and sealed on the fourth day of the +eighty-ninth moon of your majesty’s auspicious reign. + + + Clefrin Frelock, Marsi Frelock.” + +When this inventory was read over to the emperor, he directed me, +although in very gentle terms, to deliver up the several particulars. +He first called for my scimitar, which I took out, scabbard and all. In +the mean time he ordered three thousand of his choicest troops (who +then attended him) to surround me at a distance, with their bows and +arrows just ready to discharge; but I did not observe it, for my eyes +were wholly fixed upon his majesty. He then desired me to draw my +scimitar, which, although it had got some rust by the sea water, was, +in most parts, exceeding bright. I did so, and immediately all the +troops gave a shout between terror and surprise; for the sun shone +clear, and the reflection dazzled their eyes, as I waved the scimitar +to and fro in my hand. His majesty, who is a most magnanimous prince, +was less daunted than I could expect: he ordered me to return it into +the scabbard, and cast it on the ground as gently as I could, about six +feet from the end of my chain. The next thing he demanded was one of +the hollow iron pillars; by which he meant my pocket pistols. I drew it +out, and at his desire, as well as I could, expressed to him the use of +it; and charging it only with powder, which, by the closeness of my +pouch, happened to escape wetting in the sea (an inconvenience against +which all prudent mariners take special care to provide,) I first +cautioned the emperor not to be afraid, and then I let it off in the +air. The astonishment here was much greater than at the sight of my +scimitar. Hundreds fell down as if they had been struck dead; and even +the emperor, although he stood his ground, could not recover himself +for some time. I delivered up both my pistols in the same manner as I +had done my scimitar, and then my pouch of powder and bullets; begging +him that the former might be kept from fire, for it would kindle with +the smallest spark, and blow up his imperial palace into the air. I +likewise delivered up my watch, which the emperor was very curious to +see, and commanded two of his tallest yeomen of the guards to bear it +on a pole upon their shoulders, as draymen in England do a barrel of +ale. He was amazed at the continual noise it made, and the motion of +the minute-hand, which he could easily discern; for their sight is much +more acute than ours: he asked the opinions of his learned men about +it, which were various and remote, as the reader may well imagine +without my repeating; although indeed I could not very perfectly +understand them. I then gave up my silver and copper money, my purse, +with nine large pieces of gold, and some smaller ones; my knife and +razor, my comb and silver snuff-box, my handkerchief and journal-book. +My scimitar, pistols, and pouch, were conveyed in carriages to his +majesty’s stores; but the rest of my goods were returned me. + +I had as I before observed, one private pocket, which escaped their +search, wherein there was a pair of spectacles (which I sometimes use +for the weakness of my eyes,) a pocket perspective, and some other +little conveniences; which, being of no consequence to the emperor, I +did not think myself bound in honour to discover, and I apprehended +they might be lost or spoiled if I ventured them out of my possession. + + +CHAPTER III. + +The author diverts the emperor, and his nobility of both sexes, in a +very uncommon manner. The diversions of the court of Lilliput +described. The author has his liberty granted him upon certain +conditions. + + +My gentleness and good behaviour had gained so far on the emperor and +his court, and indeed upon the army and people in general, that I began +to conceive hopes of getting my liberty in a short time. I took all +possible methods to cultivate this favourable disposition. The natives +came, by degrees, to be less apprehensive of any danger from me. I +would sometimes lie down, and let five or six of them dance on my hand; +and at last the boys and girls would venture to come and play at +hide-and-seek in my hair. I had now made a good progress in +understanding and speaking the language. The emperor had a mind one day +to entertain me with several of the country shows, wherein they exceed +all nations I have known, both for dexterity and magnificence. I was +diverted with none so much as that of the rope-dancers, performed upon +a slender white thread, extended about two feet, and twelve inches from +the ground. Upon which I shall desire liberty, with the reader’s +patience, to enlarge a little. + +This diversion is only practised by those persons who are candidates +for great employments, and high favour at court. They are trained in +this art from their youth, and are not always of noble birth, or +liberal education. When a great office is vacant, either by death or +disgrace (which often happens,) five or six of those candidates +petition the emperor to entertain his majesty and the court with a +dance on the rope; and whoever jumps the highest, without falling, +succeeds in the office. Very often the chief ministers themselves are +commanded to show their skill, and to convince the emperor that they +have not lost their faculty. Flimnap, the treasurer, is allowed to cut +a caper on the straight rope, at least an inch higher than any other +lord in the whole empire. I have seen him do the summerset several +times together, upon a trencher fixed on a rope which is no thicker +than a common packthread in England. My friend Reldresal, principal +secretary for private affairs, is, in my opinion, if I am not partial, +the second after the treasurer; the rest of the great officers are much +upon a par. + +These diversions are often attended with fatal accidents, whereof great +numbers are on record. I myself have seen two or three candidates break +a limb. But the danger is much greater, when the ministers themselves +are commanded to show their dexterity; for, by contending to excel +themselves and their fellows, they strain so far that there is hardly +one of them who has not received a fall, and some of them two or three. +I was assured that, a year or two before my arrival, Flimnap would +infallibly have broke his neck, if one of the king’s cushions, that +accidentally lay on the ground, had not weakened the force of his fall. + +There is likewise another diversion, which is only shown before the +emperor and empress, and first minister, upon particular occasions. The +emperor lays on the table three fine silken threads of six inches long; +one is blue, the other red, and the third green. These threads are +proposed as prizes for those persons whom the emperor has a mind to +distinguish by a peculiar mark of his favour. The ceremony is performed +in his majesty’s great chamber of state, where the candidates are to +undergo a trial of dexterity very different from the former, and such +as I have not observed the least resemblance of in any other country of +the new or old world. The emperor holds a stick in his hands, both ends +parallel to the horizon, while the candidates advancing, one by one, +sometimes leap over the stick, sometimes creep under it, backward and +forward, several times, according as the stick is advanced or +depressed. Sometimes the emperor holds one end of the stick, and his +first minister the other; sometimes the minister has it entirely to +himself. Whoever performs his part with most agility, and holds out the +longest in leaping and creeping, is rewarded with the blue-coloured +silk; the red is given to the next, and the green to the third, which +they all wear girt twice round about the middle; and you see few great +persons about this court who are not adorned with one of these girdles. + +The horses of the army, and those of the royal stables, having been +daily led before me, were no longer shy, but would come up to my very +feet without starting. The riders would leap them over my hand, as I +held it on the ground; and one of the emperor’s huntsmen, upon a large +courser, took my foot, shoe and all; which was indeed a prodigious +leap. I had the good fortune to divert the emperor one day after a very +extraordinary manner. I desired he would order several sticks of two +feet high, and the thickness of an ordinary cane, to be brought me; +whereupon his majesty commanded the master of his woods to give +directions accordingly; and the next morning six woodmen arrived with +as many carriages, drawn by eight horses to each. I took nine of these +sticks, and fixing them firmly in the ground in a quadrangular figure, +two feet and a half square, I took four other sticks, and tied them +parallel at each corner, about two feet from the ground; then I +fastened my handkerchief to the nine sticks that stood erect; and +extended it on all sides, till it was tight as the top of a drum; and +the four parallel sticks, rising about five inches higher than the +handkerchief, served as ledges on each side. When I had finished my +work, I desired the emperor to let a troop of his best horses +twenty-four in number, come and exercise upon this plain. His majesty +approved of the proposal, and I took them up, one by one, in my hands, +ready mounted and armed, with the proper officers to exercise them. As +soon as they got into order they divided into two parties, performed +mock skirmishes, discharged blunt arrows, drew their swords, fled and +pursued, attacked and retired, and in short discovered the best +military discipline I ever beheld. The parallel sticks secured them and +their horses from falling over the stage; and the emperor was so much +delighted, that he ordered this entertainment to be repeated several +days, and once was pleased to be lifted up and give the word of +command; and with great difficulty persuaded even the empress herself +to let me hold her in her close chair within two yards of the stage, +when she was able to take a full view of the whole performance. It was +my good fortune, that no ill accident happened in these entertainments; +only once a fiery horse, that belonged to one of the captains, pawing +with his hoof, struck a hole in my handkerchief, and his foot slipping, +he overthrew his rider and himself; but I immediately relieved them +both, and covering the hole with one hand, I set down the troop with +the other, in the same manner as I took them up. The horse that fell +was strained in the left shoulder, but the rider got no hurt; and I +repaired my handkerchief as well as I could: however, I would not trust +to the strength of it any more, in such dangerous enterprises. + +About two or three days before I was set at liberty, as I was +entertaining the court with this kind of feat, there arrived an express +to inform his majesty, that some of his subjects, riding near the place +where I was first taken up, had seen a great black substance lying on +the ground, very oddly shaped, extending its edges round, as wide as +his majesty’s bedchamber, and rising up in the middle as high as a man; +that it was no living creature, as they at first apprehended, for it +lay on the grass without motion; and some of them had walked round it +several times; that, by mounting upon each other’s shoulders, they had +got to the top, which was flat and even, and, stamping upon it, they +found that it was hollow within; that they humbly conceived it might be +something belonging to the man-mountain; and if his majesty pleased, +they would undertake to bring it with only five horses. I presently +knew what they meant, and was glad at heart to receive this +intelligence. It seems, upon my first reaching the shore after our +shipwreck, I was in such confusion, that before I came to the place +where I went to sleep, my hat, which I had fastened with a string to my +head while I was rowing, and had stuck on all the time I was swimming, +fell off after I came to land; the string, as I conjecture, breaking by +some accident, which I never observed, but thought my hat had been lost +at sea. I entreated his imperial majesty to give orders it might be +brought to me as soon as possible, describing to him the use and the +nature of it: and the next day the waggoners arrived with it, but not +in a very good condition; they had bored two holes in the brim, within +an inch and half of the edge, and fastened two hooks in the holes; +these hooks were tied by a long cord to the harness, and thus my hat +was dragged along for above half an English mile; but, the ground in +that country being extremely smooth and level, it received less damage +than I expected. + +Two days after this adventure, the emperor, having ordered that part of +his army which quarters in and about his metropolis, to be in +readiness, took a fancy of diverting himself in a very singular manner. +He desired I would stand like a Colossus, with my legs as far asunder +as I conveniently could. He then commanded his general (who was an old +experienced leader, and a great patron of mine) to draw up the troops +in close order, and march them under me; the foot by twenty-four +abreast, and the horse by sixteen, with drums beating, colours flying, +and pikes advanced. This body consisted of three thousand foot, and a +thousand horse. His majesty gave orders, upon pain of death, that every +soldier in his march should observe the strictest decency with regard +to my person; which however could not prevent some of the younger +officers from turning up their eyes as they passed under me: and, to +confess the truth, my breeches were at that time in so ill a condition, +that they afforded some opportunities for laughter and admiration. + +I had sent so many memorials and petitions for my liberty, that his +majesty at length mentioned the matter, first in the cabinet, and then +in a full council; where it was opposed by none, except Skyresh +Bolgolam, who was pleased, without any provocation, to be my mortal +enemy. But it was carried against him by the whole board, and confirmed +by the emperor. That minister was _galbet_, or admiral of the realm, +very much in his master’s confidence, and a person well versed in +affairs, but of a morose and sour complexion. However, he was at length +persuaded to comply; but prevailed that the articles and conditions +upon which I should be set free, and to which I must swear, should be +drawn up by himself. These articles were brought to me by Skyresh +Bolgolam in person attended by two under-secretaries, and several +persons of distinction. After they were read, I was demanded to swear +to the performance of them; first in the manner of my own country, and +afterwards in the method prescribed by their laws; which was, to hold +my right foot in my left hand, and to place the middle finger of my +right hand on the crown of my head, and my thumb on the tip of my right +ear. But because the reader may be curious to have some idea of the +style and manner of expression peculiar to that people, as well as to +know the article upon which I recovered my liberty, I have made a +translation of the whole instrument, word for word, as near as I was +able, which I here offer to the public. + + +“Golbasto Momarem Evlame Gurdilo Shefin Mully Ully Gue, most mighty +Emperor of Lilliput, delight and terror of the universe, whose +dominions extend five thousand _blustrugs_ (about twelve miles in +circumference) to the extremities of the globe; monarch of all +monarchs, taller than the sons of men; whose feet press down to the +centre, and whose head strikes against the sun; at whose nod the +princes of the earth shake their knees; pleasant as the spring, +comfortable as the summer, fruitful as autumn, dreadful as winter: his +most sublime majesty proposes to the man-mountain, lately arrived at +our celestial dominions, the following articles, which, by a solemn +oath, he shall be obliged to perform:— + +“1st, The man-mountain shall not depart from our dominions, without our +license under our great seal. + +“2d, He shall not presume to come into our metropolis, without our +express order; at which time, the inhabitants shall have two hours +warning to keep within doors. + +“3d, The said man-mountain shall confine his walks to our principal +high roads, and not offer to walk, or lie down, in a meadow or field of +corn. + +“4th, As he walks the said roads, he shall take the utmost care not to +trample upon the bodies of any of our loving subjects, their horses, or +carriages, nor take any of our subjects into his hands without their +own consent. + +“5th, If an express requires extraordinary despatch, the man-mountain +shall be obliged to carry, in his pocket, the messenger and horse a six +days journey, once in every moon, and return the said messenger back +(if so required) safe to our imperial presence. + +“6th, He shall be our ally against our enemies in the island of +Blefuscu, and do his utmost to destroy their fleet, which is now +preparing to invade us. + +“7th, That the said man-mountain shall, at his times of leisure, be +aiding and assisting to our workmen, in helping to raise certain great +stones, towards covering the wall of the principal park, and other our +royal buildings. + +“8th, That the said man-mountain shall, in two moons’ time, deliver in +an exact survey of the circumference of our dominions, by a computation +of his own paces round the coast. + +“Lastly, That, upon his solemn oath to observe all the above articles, +the said man-mountain shall have a daily allowance of meat and drink +sufficient for the support of 1724 of our subjects, with free access to +our royal person, and other marks of our favour. Given at our palace at +Belfaborac, the twelfth day of the ninety-first moon of our reign.” + + +I swore and subscribed to these articles with great cheerfulness and +content, although some of them were not so honourable as I could have +wished; which proceeded wholly from the malice of Skyresh Bolgolam, the +high-admiral: whereupon my chains were immediately unlocked, and I was +at full liberty. The emperor himself, in person, did me the honour to +be by at the whole ceremony. I made my acknowledgements by prostrating +myself at his majesty’s feet: but he commanded me to rise; and after +many gracious expressions, which, to avoid the censure of vanity, I +shall not repeat, he added, “that he hoped I should prove a useful +servant, and well deserve all the favours he had already conferred upon +me, or might do for the future.” + +The reader may please to observe, that, in the last article of the +recovery of my liberty, the emperor stipulates to allow me a quantity +of meat and drink sufficient for the support of 1724 Lilliputians. Some +time after, asking a friend at court how they came to fix on that +determinate number, he told me that his majesty’s mathematicians, +having taken the height of my body by the help of a quadrant, and +finding it to exceed theirs in the proportion of twelve to one, they +concluded from the similarity of their bodies, that mine must contain +at least 1724 of theirs, and consequently would require as much food as +was necessary to support that number of Lilliputians. By which the +reader may conceive an idea of the ingenuity of that people, as well as +the prudent and exact economy of so great a prince. + + +CHAPTER IV. + +Mildendo, the metropolis of Lilliput, described, together with the +emperor’s palace. A conversation between the author and a principal +secretary, concerning the affairs of that empire. The author’s offers +to serve the emperor in his wars. + + +The first request I made, after I had obtained my liberty, was, that I +might have license to see Mildendo, the metropolis; which the emperor +easily granted me, but with a special charge to do no hurt either to +the inhabitants or their houses. The people had notice, by +proclamation, of my design to visit the town. The wall which +encompassed it is two feet and a half high, and at least eleven inches +broad, so that a coach and horses may be driven very safely round it; +and it is flanked with strong towers at ten feet distance. I stepped +over the great western gate, and passed very gently, and sidling, +through the two principal streets, only in my short waistcoat, for fear +of damaging the roofs and eaves of the houses with the skirts of my +coat. I walked with the utmost circumspection, to avoid treading on any +stragglers who might remain in the streets, although the orders were +very strict, that all people should keep in their houses, at their own +peril. The garret windows and tops of houses were so crowded with +spectators, that I thought in all my travels I had not seen a more +populous place. The city is an exact square, each side of the wall +being five hundred feet long. The two great streets, which run across +and divide it into four quarters, are five feet wide. The lanes and +alleys, which I could not enter, but only view them as I passed, are +from twelve to eighteen inches. The town is capable of holding five +hundred thousand souls: the houses are from three to five stories: the +shops and markets well provided. + +The emperor’s palace is in the centre of the city where the two great +streets meet. It is enclosed by a wall of two feet high, and twenty +feet distance from the buildings. I had his majesty’s permission to +step over this wall; and, the space being so wide between that and the +palace, I could easily view it on every side. The outward court is a +square of forty feet, and includes two other courts: in the inmost are +the royal apartments, which I was very desirous to see, but found it +extremely difficult; for the great gates, from one square into another, +were but eighteen inches high, and seven inches wide. Now the buildings +of the outer court were at least five feet high, and it was impossible +for me to stride over them without infinite damage to the pile, though +the walls were strongly built of hewn stone, and four inches thick. At +the same time the emperor had a great desire that I should see the +magnificence of his palace; but this I was not able to do till three +days after, which I spent in cutting down with my knife some of the +largest trees in the royal park, about a hundred yards distant from the +city. Of these trees I made two stools, each about three feet high, and +strong enough to bear my weight. The people having received notice a +second time, I went again through the city to the palace with my two +stools in my hands. When I came to the side of the outer court, I stood +upon one stool, and took the other in my hand; this I lifted over the +roof, and gently set it down on the space between the first and second +court, which was eight feet wide. I then stept over the building very +conveniently from one stool to the other, and drew up the first after +me with a hooked stick. By this contrivance I got into the inmost +court; and, lying down upon my side, I applied my face to the windows +of the middle stories, which were left open on purpose, and discovered +the most splendid apartments that can be imagined. There I saw the +empress and the young princes, in their several lodgings, with their +chief attendants about them. Her imperial majesty was pleased to smile +very graciously upon me, and gave me out of the window her hand to +kiss. + +But I shall not anticipate the reader with further descriptions of this +kind, because I reserve them for a greater work, which is now almost +ready for the press; containing a general description of this empire, +from its first erection, through a long series of princes; with a +particular account of their wars and politics, laws, learning, and +religion; their plants and animals; their peculiar manners and customs, +with other matters very curious and useful; my chief design at present +being only to relate such events and transactions as happened to the +public or to myself during a residence of about nine months in that +empire. + +One morning, about a fortnight after I had obtained my liberty, +Reldresal, principal secretary (as they style him) for private affairs, +came to my house attended only by one servant. He ordered his coach to +wait at a distance, and desired I would give him an hour’s audience; +which I readily consented to, on account of his quality and personal +merits, as well as of the many good offices he had done me during my +solicitations at court. I offered to lie down that he might the more +conveniently reach my ear, but he chose rather to let me hold him in my +hand during our conversation. He began with compliments on my liberty; +said “he might pretend to some merit in it;” but, however, added, “that +if it had not been for the present situation of things at court, +perhaps I might not have obtained it so soon. For,” said he, “as +flourishing a condition as we may appear to be in to foreigners, we +labour under two mighty evils: a violent faction at home, and the +danger of an invasion, by a most potent enemy, from abroad. As to the +first, you are to understand, that for about seventy moons past there +have been two struggling parties in this empire, under the names of +_Tramecksan_ and _Slamecksan_, from the high and low heels of their +shoes, by which they distinguish themselves. It is alleged, indeed, +that the high heels are most agreeable to our ancient constitution; +but, however this be, his majesty has determined to make use only of +low heels in the administration of the government, and all offices in +the gift of the crown, as you cannot but observe; and particularly that +his majesty’s imperial heels are lower at least by a _drurr_ than any +of his court (_drurr_ is a measure about the fourteenth part of an +inch). The animosities between these two parties run so high, that they +will neither eat, nor drink, nor talk with each other. We compute the +_Tramecksan_, or high heels, to exceed us in number; but the power is +wholly on our side. We apprehend his imperial highness, the heir to the +crown, to have some tendency towards the high heels; at least we can +plainly discover that one of his heels is higher than the other, which +gives him a hobble in his gait. Now, in the midst of these intestine +disquiets, we are threatened with an invasion from the island of +Blefuscu, which is the other great empire of the universe, almost as +large and powerful as this of his majesty. For as to what we have heard +you affirm, that there are other kingdoms and states in the world +inhabited by human creatures as large as yourself, our philosophers are +in much doubt, and would rather conjecture that you dropped from the +moon, or one of the stars; because it is certain, that a hundred +mortals of your bulk would in a short time destroy all the fruits and +cattle of his majesty’s dominions: besides, our histories of six +thousand moons make no mention of any other regions than the two great +empires of Lilliput and Blefuscu. Which two mighty powers have, as I +was going to tell you, been engaged in a most obstinate war for +six-and-thirty moons past. It began upon the following occasion. It is +allowed on all hands, that the primitive way of breaking eggs, before +we eat them, was upon the larger end; but his present majesty’s +grandfather, while he was a boy, going to eat an egg, and breaking it +according to the ancient practice, happened to cut one of his fingers. +Whereupon the emperor his father published an edict, commanding all his +subjects, upon great penalties, to break the smaller end of their eggs. +The people so highly resented this law, that our histories tell us, +there have been six rebellions raised on that account; wherein one +emperor lost his life, and another his crown. These civil commotions +were constantly fomented by the monarchs of Blefuscu; and when they +were quelled, the exiles always fled for refuge to that empire. It is +computed that eleven thousand persons have at several times suffered +death, rather than submit to break their eggs at the smaller end. Many +hundred large volumes have been published upon this controversy: but +the books of the Big-endians have been long forbidden, and the whole +party rendered incapable by law of holding employments. During the +course of these troubles, the emperors of Blefuscu did frequently +expostulate by their ambassadors, accusing us of making a schism in +religion, by offending against a fundamental doctrine of our great +prophet Lustrog, in the fifty-fourth chapter of the Blundecral (which +is their Alcoran). This, however, is thought to be a mere strain upon +the text; for the words are these: ‘that all true believers break their +eggs at the convenient end.’ And which is the convenient end, seems, in +my humble opinion to be left to every man’s conscience, or at least in +the power of the chief magistrate to determine. Now, the Big-endian +exiles have found so much credit in the emperor of Blefuscu’s court, +and so much private assistance and encouragement from their party here +at home, that a bloody war has been carried on between the two empires +for six-and-thirty moons, with various success; during which time we +have lost forty capital ships, and a much greater number of smaller +vessels, together with thirty thousand of our best seamen and soldiers; +and the damage received by the enemy is reckoned to be somewhat greater +than ours. However, they have now equipped a numerous fleet, and are +just preparing to make a descent upon us; and his imperial majesty, +placing great confidence in your valour and strength, has commanded me +to lay this account of his affairs before you.” + +I desired the secretary to present my humble duty to the emperor; and +to let him know, “that I thought it would not become me, who was a +foreigner, to interfere with parties; but I was ready, with the hazard +of my life, to defend his person and state against all invaders.” + + +CHAPTER V. + +The author, by an extraordinary stratagem, prevents an invasion. A high +title of honour is conferred upon him. Ambassadors arrive from the +emperor of Blefuscu, and sue for peace. The empress’s apartment on fire +by an accident; the author instrumental in saving the rest of the +palace. + + +The empire of Blefuscu is an island situated to the north-east of +Lilliput, from which it is parted only by a channel of eight hundred +yards wide. I had not yet seen it, and upon this notice of an intended +invasion, I avoided appearing on that side of the coast, for fear of +being discovered, by some of the enemy’s ships, who had received no +intelligence of me; all intercourse between the two empires having been +strictly forbidden during the war, upon pain of death, and an embargo +laid by our emperor upon all vessels whatsoever. I communicated to his +majesty a project I had formed of seizing the enemy’s whole fleet; +which, as our scouts assured us, lay at anchor in the harbour, ready to +sail with the first fair wind. I consulted the most experienced seamen +upon the depth of the channel, which they had often plumbed; who told +me, that in the middle, at high-water, it was seventy _glumgluffs_ +deep, which is about six feet of European measure; and the rest of it +fifty _glumgluffs_ at most. I walked towards the north-east coast, over +against Blefuscu, where, lying down behind a hillock, I took out my +small perspective glass, and viewed the enemy’s fleet at anchor, +consisting of about fifty men of war, and a great number of transports: +I then came back to my house, and gave orders (for which I had a +warrant) for a great quantity of the strongest cable and bars of iron. +The cable was about as thick as packthread and the bars of the length +and size of a knitting-needle. I trebled the cable to make it stronger, +and for the same reason I twisted three of the iron bars together, +bending the extremities into a hook. Having thus fixed fifty hooks to +as many cables, I went back to the north-east coast, and putting off my +coat, shoes, and stockings, walked into the sea, in my leathern jerkin, +about half an hour before high water. I waded with what haste I could, +and swam in the middle about thirty yards, till I felt ground. I +arrived at the fleet in less than half an hour. The enemy was so +frightened when they saw me, that they leaped out of their ships, and +swam to shore, where there could not be fewer than thirty thousand +souls. I then took my tackling, and, fastening a hook to the hole at +the prow of each, I tied all the cords together at the end. While I was +thus employed, the enemy discharged several thousand arrows, many of +which stuck in my hands and face, and, beside the excessive smart, gave +me much disturbance in my work. My greatest apprehension was for my +eyes, which I should have infallibly lost, if I had not suddenly +thought of an expedient. I kept, among other little necessaries, a pair +of spectacles in a private pocket, which, as I observed before, had +escaped the emperor’s searchers. These I took out and fastened as +strongly as I could upon my nose, and thus armed, went on boldly with +my work, in spite of the enemy’s arrows, many of which struck against +the glasses of my spectacles, but without any other effect, further +than a little to discompose them. I had now fastened all the hooks, +and, taking the knot in my hand, began to pull; but not a ship would +stir, for they were all too fast held by their anchors, so that the +boldest part of my enterprise remained. I therefore let go the cord, +and leaving the hooks fixed to the ships, I resolutely cut with my +knife the cables that fastened the anchors, receiving about two hundred +shots in my face and hands; then I took up the knotted end of the +cables, to which my hooks were tied, and with great ease drew fifty of +the enemy’s largest men of war after me. + +The Blefuscudians, who had not the least imagination of what I +intended, were at first confounded with astonishment. They had seen me +cut the cables, and thought my design was only to let the ships run +adrift or fall foul on each other: but when they perceived the whole +fleet moving in order, and saw me pulling at the end, they set up such +a scream of grief and despair as it is almost impossible to describe or +conceive. When I had got out of danger, I stopped awhile to pick out +the arrows that stuck in my hands and face; and rubbed on some of the +same ointment that was given me at my first arrival, as I have formerly +mentioned. I then took off my spectacles, and waiting about an hour, +till the tide was a little fallen, I waded through the middle with my +cargo, and arrived safe at the royal port of Lilliput. + +The emperor and his whole court stood on the shore, expecting the issue +of this great adventure. They saw the ships move forward in a large +half-moon, but could not discern me, who was up to my breast in water. +When I advanced to the middle of the channel, they were yet more in +pain, because I was under water to my neck. The emperor concluded me to +be drowned, and that the enemy’s fleet was approaching in a hostile +manner: but he was soon eased of his fears; for the channel growing +shallower every step I made, I came in a short time within hearing, and +holding up the end of the cable, by which the fleet was fastened, I +cried in a loud voice, “Long live the most puissant king of Lilliput!” +This great prince received me at my landing with all possible +encomiums, and created me a _nardac_ upon the spot, which is the +highest title of honour among them. + +His majesty desired I would take some other opportunity of bringing all +the rest of his enemy’s ships into his ports. And so unmeasureable is +the ambition of princes, that he seemed to think of nothing less than +reducing the whole empire of Blefuscu into a province, and governing +it, by a viceroy; of destroying the Big-endian exiles, and compelling +that people to break the smaller end of their eggs, by which he would +remain the sole monarch of the whole world. But I endeavoured to divert +him from this design, by many arguments drawn from the topics of policy +as well as justice; and I plainly protested, “that I would never be an +instrument of bringing a free and brave people into slavery.” And, when +the matter was debated in council, the wisest part of the ministry were +of my opinion. + +This open bold declaration of mine was so opposite to the schemes and +politics of his imperial majesty, that he could never forgive me. He +mentioned it in a very artful manner at council, where I was told that +some of the wisest appeared, at least by their silence, to be of my +opinion; but others, who were my secret enemies, could not forbear some +expressions which, by a side-wind, reflected on me. And from this time +began an intrigue between his majesty and a junto of ministers, +maliciously bent against me, which broke out in less than two months, +and had like to have ended in my utter destruction. Of so little weight +are the greatest services to princes, when put into the balance with a +refusal to gratify their passions. + +About three weeks after this exploit, there arrived a solemn embassy +from Blefuscu, with humble offers of a peace, which was soon concluded, +upon conditions very advantageous to our emperor, wherewith I shall not +trouble the reader. There were six ambassadors, with a train of about +five hundred persons, and their entry was very magnificent, suitable to +the grandeur of their master, and the importance of their business. +When their treaty was finished, wherein I did them several good offices +by the credit I now had, or at least appeared to have, at court, their +excellencies, who were privately told how much I had been their friend, +made me a visit in form. They began with many compliments upon my +valour and generosity, invited me to that kingdom in the emperor their +master’s name, and desired me to show them some proofs of my prodigious +strength, of which they had heard so many wonders; wherein I readily +obliged them, but shall not trouble the reader with the particulars. + +When I had for some time entertained their excellencies, to their +infinite satisfaction and surprise, I desired they would do me the +honour to present my most humble respects to the emperor their master, +the renown of whose virtues had so justly filled the whole world with +admiration, and whose royal person I resolved to attend, before I +returned to my own country. Accordingly, the next time I had the honour +to see our emperor, I desired his general license to wait on the +Blefuscudian monarch, which he was pleased to grant me, as I could +perceive, in a very cold manner; but could not guess the reason, till I +had a whisper from a certain person, “that Flimnap and Bolgolam had +represented my intercourse with those ambassadors as a mark of +disaffection;” from which I am sure my heart was wholly free. And this +was the first time I began to conceive some imperfect idea of courts +and ministers. + +It is to be observed, that these ambassadors spoke to me, by an +interpreter, the languages of both empires differing as much from each +other as any two in Europe, and each nation priding itself upon the +antiquity, beauty, and energy of their own tongue, with an avowed +contempt for that of their neighbour; yet our emperor, standing upon +the advantage he had got by the seizure of their fleet, obliged them to +deliver their credentials, and make their speech, in the Lilliputian +tongue. And it must be confessed, that from the great intercourse of +trade and commerce between both realms, from the continual reception of +exiles which is mutual among them, and from the custom, in each empire, +to send their young nobility and richer gentry to the other, in order +to polish themselves by seeing the world, and understanding men and +manners; there are few persons of distinction, or merchants, or seamen, +who dwell in the maritime parts, but what can hold conversation in both +tongues; as I found some weeks after, when I went to pay my respects to +the emperor of Blefuscu, which, in the midst of great misfortunes, +through the malice of my enemies, proved a very happy adventure to me, +as I shall relate in its proper place. + +The reader may remember, that when I signed those articles upon which I +recovered my liberty, there were some which I disliked, upon account of +their being too servile; neither could anything but an extreme +necessity have forced me to submit. But being now a _nardac_ of the +highest rank in that empire, such offices were looked upon as below my +dignity, and the emperor (to do him justice), never once mentioned them +to me. However, it was not long before I had an opportunity of doing +his majesty, at least as I then thought, a most signal service. I was +alarmed at midnight with the cries of many hundred people at my door; +by which, being suddenly awaked, I was in some kind of terror. I heard +the word _Burglum_ repeated incessantly: several of the emperor’s +court, making their way through the crowd, entreated me to come +immediately to the palace, where her imperial majesty’s apartment was +on fire, by the carelessness of a maid of honour, who fell asleep while +she was reading a romance. I got up in an instant; and orders being +given to clear the way before me, and it being likewise a moonshine +night, I made a shift to get to the palace without trampling on any of +the people. I found they had already applied ladders to the walls of +the apartment, and were well provided with buckets, but the water was +at some distance. These buckets were about the size of large thimbles, +and the poor people supplied me with them as fast as they could: but +the flame was so violent that they did little good. I might easily have +stifled it with my coat, which I unfortunately left behind me for +haste, and came away only in my leathern jerkin. The case seemed wholly +desperate and deplorable; and this magnificent palace would have +infallibly been burnt down to the ground, if, by a presence of mind +unusual to me, I had not suddenly thought of an expedient. I had, the +evening before, drunk plentifully of a most delicious wine called +_glimigrim_, (the Blefuscudians call it _flunec_, but ours is esteemed +the better sort,) which is very diuretic. By the luckiest chance in the +world, I had not discharged myself of any part of it. The heat I had +contracted by coming very near the flames, and by labouring to quench +them, made the wine begin to operate by urine; which I voided in such a +quantity, and applied so well to the proper places, that in three +minutes the fire was wholly extinguished, and the rest of that noble +pile, which had cost so many ages in erecting, preserved from +destruction. + +It was now day-light, and I returned to my house without waiting to +congratulate with the emperor: because, although I had done a very +eminent piece of service, yet I could not tell how his majesty might +resent the manner by which I had performed it: for, by the fundamental +laws of the realm, it is capital in any person, of what quality soever, +to make water within the precincts of the palace. But I was a little +comforted by a message from his majesty, “that he would give orders to +the grand justiciary for passing my pardon in form:” which, however, I +could not obtain; and I was privately assured, “that the empress, +conceiving the greatest abhorrence of what I had done, removed to the +most distant side of the court, firmly resolved that those buildings +should never be repaired for her use: and, in the presence of her chief +confidents could not forbear vowing revenge.” + + +CHAPTER VI. + +Of the inhabitants of Lilliput; their learning, laws, and customs; the +manner of educating their children. The author’s way of living in that +country. His vindication of a great lady. + + +Although I intend to leave the description of this empire to a +particular treatise, yet, in the mean time, I am content to gratify the +curious reader with some general ideas. As the common size of the +natives is somewhat under six inches high, so there is an exact +proportion in all other animals, as well as plants and trees: for +instance, the tallest horses and oxen are between four and five inches +in height, the sheep an inch and half, more or less: their geese about +the bigness of a sparrow, and so the several gradations downwards till +you come to the smallest, which to my sight, were almost invisible; but +nature has adapted the eyes of the Lilliputians to all objects proper +for their view: they see with great exactness, but at no great +distance. And, to show the sharpness of their sight towards objects +that are near, I have been much pleased with observing a cook pulling a +lark, which was not so large as a common fly; and a young girl +threading an invisible needle with invisible silk. Their tallest trees +are about seven feet high: I mean some of those in the great royal +park, the tops whereof I could but just reach with my fist clenched. +The other vegetables are in the same proportion; but this I leave to +the reader’s imagination. + +I shall say but little at present of their learning, which, for many +ages, has flourished in all its branches among them: but their manner +of writing is very peculiar, being neither from the left to the right, +like the Europeans, nor from the right to the left, like the Arabians, +nor from up to down, like the Chinese, but aslant, from one corner of +the paper to the other, like ladies in England. + +They bury their dead with their heads directly downward, because they +hold an opinion, that in eleven thousand moons they are all to rise +again; in which period the earth (which they conceive to be flat) will +turn upside down, and by this means they shall, at their resurrection, +be found ready standing on their feet. The learned among them confess +the absurdity of this doctrine; but the practice still continues, in +compliance to the vulgar. + +There are some laws and customs in this empire very peculiar; and if +they were not so directly contrary to those of my own dear country, I +should be tempted to say a little in their justification. It is only to +be wished they were as well executed. The first I shall mention, +relates to informers. All crimes against the state, are punished here +with the utmost severity; but, if the person accused makes his +innocence plainly to appear upon his trial, the accuser is immediately +put to an ignominious death; and out of his goods or lands the innocent +person is quadruply recompensed for the loss of his time, for the +danger he underwent, for the hardship of his imprisonment, and for all +the charges he has been at in making his defence; or, if that fund be +deficient, it is largely supplied by the crown. The emperor also +confers on him some public mark of his favour, and proclamation is made +of his innocence through the whole city. + +They look upon fraud as a greater crime than theft, and therefore +seldom fail to punish it with death; for they allege, that care and +vigilance, with a very common understanding, may preserve a man’s goods +from thieves, but honesty has no defence against superior cunning; and, +since it is necessary that there should be a perpetual intercourse of +buying and selling, and dealing upon credit, where fraud is permitted +and connived at, or has no law to punish it, the honest dealer is +always undone, and the knave gets the advantage. I remember, when I was +once interceding with the emperor for a criminal who had wronged his +master of a great sum of money, which he had received by order and ran +away with; and happening to tell his majesty, by way of extenuation, +that it was only a breach of trust, the emperor thought it monstrous in +me to offer as a defence the greatest aggravation of the crime; and +truly I had little to say in return, farther than the common answer, +that different nations had different customs; for, I confess, I was +heartily ashamed. [330] + +Although we usually call reward and punishment the two hinges upon +which all government turns, yet I could never observe this maxim to be +put in practice by any nation except that of Lilliput. Whoever can +there bring sufficient proof, that he has strictly observed the laws of +his country for seventy-three moons, has a claim to certain privileges, +according to his quality or condition of life, with a proportionable +sum of money out of a fund appropriated for that use: he likewise +acquires the title of _snilpall_, or legal, which is added to his name, +but does not descend to his posterity. And these people thought it a +prodigious defect of policy among us, when I told them that our laws +were enforced only by penalties, without any mention of reward. It is +upon this account that the image of Justice, in their courts of +judicature, is formed with six eyes, two before, as many behind, and on +each side one, to signify circumspection; with a bag of gold open in +her right hand, and a sword sheathed in her left, to show she is more +disposed to reward than to punish. + +In choosing persons for all employments, they have more regard to good +morals than to great abilities; for, since government is necessary to +mankind, they believe, that the common size of human understanding is +fitted to some station or other; and that Providence never intended to +make the management of public affairs a mystery to be comprehended only +by a few persons of sublime genius, of which there seldom are three +born in an age: but they suppose truth, justice, temperance, and the +like, to be in every man’s power; the practice of which virtues, +assisted by experience and a good intention, would qualify any man for +the service of his country, except where a course of study is required. +But they thought the want of moral virtues was so far from being +supplied by superior endowments of the mind, that employments could +never be put into such dangerous hands as those of persons so +qualified; and, at least, that the mistakes committed by ignorance, in +a virtuous disposition, would never be of such fatal consequence to the +public weal, as the practices of a man, whose inclinations led him to +be corrupt, and who had great abilities to manage, to multiply, and +defend his corruptions. + +In like manner, the disbelief of a Divine Providence renders a man +incapable of holding any public station; for, since kings avow +themselves to be the deputies of Providence, the Lilliputians think +nothing can be more absurd than for a prince to employ such men as +disown the authority under which he acts. + +In relating these and the following laws, I would only be understood to +mean the original institutions, and not the most scandalous +corruptions, into which these people are fallen by the degenerate +nature of man. For, as to that infamous practice of acquiring great +employments by dancing on the ropes, or badges of favour and +distinction by leaping over sticks and creeping under them, the reader +is to observe, that they were first introduced by the grandfather of +the emperor now reigning, and grew to the present height by the gradual +increase of party and faction. + +Ingratitude is among them a capital crime, as we read it to have been +in some other countries: for they reason thus; that whoever makes ill +returns to his benefactor, must needs be a common enemy to the rest of +mankind, from whom he has received no obligation, and therefore such a +man is not fit to live. + +Their notions relating to the duties of parents and children differ +extremely from ours. For, since the conjunction of male and female is +founded upon the great law of nature, in order to propagate and +continue the species, the Lilliputians will needs have it, that men and +women are joined together, like other animals, by the motives of +concupiscence; and that their tenderness towards their young proceeds +from the like natural principle: for which reason they will never allow +that a child is under any obligation to his father for begetting him, +or to his mother for bringing him into the world; which, considering +the miseries of human life, was neither a benefit in itself, nor +intended so by his parents, whose thoughts, in their love encounters, +were otherwise employed. Upon these, and the like reasonings, their +opinion is, that parents are the last of all others to be trusted with +the education of their own children; and therefore they have in every +town public nurseries, where all parents, except cottagers and +labourers, are obliged to send their infants of both sexes to be reared +and educated, when they come to the age of twenty moons, at which time +they are supposed to have some rudiments of docility. These schools are +of several kinds, suited to different qualities, and both sexes. They +have certain professors well skilled in preparing children for such a +condition of life as befits the rank of their parents, and their own +capacities, as well as inclinations. I shall first say something of the +male nurseries, and then of the female. + +The nurseries for males of noble or eminent birth, are provided with +grave and learned professors, and their several deputies. The clothes +and food of the children are plain and simple. They are bred up in the +principles of honour, justice, courage, modesty, clemency, religion, +and love of their country; they are always employed in some business, +except in the times of eating and sleeping, which are very short, and +two hours for diversions consisting of bodily exercises. They are +dressed by men till four years of age, and then are obliged to dress +themselves, although their quality be ever so great; and the women +attendant, who are aged proportionably to ours at fifty, perform only +the most menial offices. They are never suffered to converse with +servants, but go together in smaller or greater numbers to take their +diversions, and always in the presence of a professor, or one of his +deputies; whereby they avoid those early bad impressions of folly and +vice, to which our children are subject. Their parents are suffered to +see them only twice a year; the visit is to last but an hour; they are +allowed to kiss the child at meeting and parting; but a professor, who +always stands by on those occasions, will not suffer them to whisper, +or use any fondling expressions, or bring any presents of toys, +sweetmeats, and the like. + +The pension from each family for the education and entertainment of a +child, upon failure of due payment, is levied by the emperor’s +officers. + +The nurseries for children of ordinary gentlemen, merchants, traders, +and handicrafts, are managed proportionably after the same manner; only +those designed for trades are put out apprentices at eleven years old, +whereas those of persons of quality continue in their exercises till +fifteen, which answers to twenty-one with us: but the confinement is +gradually lessened for the last three years. + +In the female nurseries, the young girls of quality are educated much +like the males, only they are dressed by orderly servants of their own +sex; but always in the presence of a professor or deputy, till they +come to dress themselves, which is at five years old. And if it be +found that these nurses ever presume to entertain the girls with +frightful or foolish stories, or the common follies practised by +chambermaids among us, they are publicly whipped thrice about the city, +imprisoned for a year, and banished for life to the most desolate part +of the country. Thus the young ladies are as much ashamed of being +cowards and fools as the men, and despise all personal ornaments, +beyond decency and cleanliness: neither did I perceive any difference +in their education made by their difference of sex, only that the +exercises of the females were not altogether so robust; and that some +rules were given them relating to domestic life, and a smaller compass +of learning was enjoined them: for their maxim is, that among peoples +of quality, a wife should be always a reasonable and agreeable +companion, because she cannot always be young. When the girls are +twelve years old, which among them is the marriageable age, their +parents or guardians take them home, with great expressions of +gratitude to the professors, and seldom without tears of the young lady +and her companions. + +In the nurseries of females of the meaner sort, the children are +instructed in all kinds of works proper for their sex, and their +several degrees: those intended for apprentices are dismissed at seven +years old, the rest are kept to eleven. + +The meaner families who have children at these nurseries, are obliged, +besides their annual pension, which is as low as possible, to return to +the steward of the nursery a small monthly share of their gettings, to +be a portion for the child; and therefore all parents are limited in +their expenses by the law. For the Lilliputians think nothing can be +more unjust, than for people, in subservience to their own appetites, +to bring children into the world, and leave the burthen of supporting +them on the public. As to persons of quality, they give security to +appropriate a certain sum for each child, suitable to their condition; +and these funds are always managed with good husbandry and the most +exact justice. + +The cottagers and labourers keep their children at home, their business +being only to till and cultivate the earth, and therefore their +education is of little consequence to the public: but the old and +diseased among them are supported by hospitals; for begging is a trade +unknown in this empire. + +And here it may, perhaps, divert the curious reader, to give some +account of my domestics, and my manner of living in this country, +during a residence of nine months, and thirteen days. Having a head +mechanically turned, and being likewise forced by necessity, I had made +for myself a table and chair convenient enough, out of the largest +trees in the royal park. Two hundred sempstresses were employed to make +me shirts, and linen for my bed and table, all of the strongest and +coarsest kind they could get; which, however, they were forced to quilt +together in several folds, for the thickest was some degrees finer than +lawn. Their linen is usually three inches wide, and three feet make a +piece. The sempstresses took my measure as I lay on the ground, one +standing at my neck, and another at my mid-leg, with a strong cord +extended, that each held by the end, while a third measured the length +of the cord with a rule of an inch long. Then they measured my right +thumb, and desired no more; for by a mathematical computation, that +twice round the thumb is once round the wrist, and so on to the neck +and the waist, and by the help of my old shirt, which I displayed on +the ground before them for a pattern, they fitted me exactly. Three +hundred tailors were employed in the same manner to make me clothes; +but they had another contrivance for taking my measure. I kneeled down, +and they raised a ladder from the ground to my neck; upon this ladder +one of them mounted, and let fall a plumb-line from my collar to the +floor, which just answered the length of my coat: but my waist and arms +I measured myself. When my clothes were finished, which was done in my +house (for the largest of theirs would not have been able to hold +them), they looked like the patch-work made by the ladies in England, +only that mine were all of a colour. + +I had three hundred cooks to dress my victuals, in little convenient +huts built about my house, where they and their families lived, and +prepared me two dishes a-piece. I took up twenty waiters in my hand, +and placed them on the table: a hundred more attended below on the +ground, some with dishes of meat, and some with barrels of wine and +other liquors slung on their shoulders; all which the waiters above +drew up, as I wanted, in a very ingenious manner, by certain cords, as +we draw the bucket up a well in Europe. A dish of their meat was a good +mouthful, and a barrel of their liquor a reasonable draught. Their +mutton yields to ours, but their beef is excellent. I have had a +sirloin so large, that I have been forced to make three bites of it; +but this is rare. My servants were astonished to see me eat it, bones +and all, as in our country we do the leg of a lark. Their geese and +turkeys I usually ate at a mouthful, and I confess they far exceed +ours. Of their smaller fowl I could take up twenty or thirty at the end +of my knife. + +One day his imperial majesty, being informed of my way of living, +desired “that himself and his royal consort, with the young princes of +the blood of both sexes, might have the happiness,” as he was pleased +to call it, “of dining with me.” They came accordingly, and I placed +them in chairs of state, upon my table, just over against me, with +their guards about them. Flimnap, the lord high treasurer, attended +there likewise with his white staff; and I observed he often looked on +me with a sour countenance, which I would not seem to regard, but ate +more than usual, in honour to my dear country, as well as to fill the +court with admiration. I have some private reasons to believe, that +this visit from his majesty gave Flimnap an opportunity of doing me ill +offices to his master. That minister had always been my secret enemy, +though he outwardly caressed me more than was usual to the moroseness +of his nature. He represented to the emperor “the low condition of his +treasury; that he was forced to take up money at a great discount; that +exchequer bills would not circulate under nine per cent. below par; +that I had cost his majesty above a million and a half of _sprugs_” +(their greatest gold coin, about the bigness of a spangle) “and, upon +the whole, that it would be advisable in the emperor to take the first +fair occasion of dismissing me.” + +I am here obliged to vindicate the reputation of an excellent lady, who +was an innocent sufferer upon my account. The treasurer took a fancy to +be jealous of his wife, from the malice of some evil tongues, who +informed him that her grace had taken a violent affection for my +person; and the court scandal ran for some time, that she once came +privately to my lodging. This I solemnly declare to be a most infamous +falsehood, without any grounds, further than that her grace was pleased +to treat me with all innocent marks of freedom and friendship. I own +she came often to my house, but always publicly, nor ever without three +more in the coach, who were usually her sister and young daughter, and +some particular acquaintance; but this was common to many other ladies +of the court. And I still appeal to my servants round, whether they at +any time saw a coach at my door, without knowing what persons were in +it. On those occasions, when a servant had given me notice, my custom +was to go immediately to the door, and, after paying my respects, to +take up the coach and two horses very carefully in my hands (for, if +there were six horses, the postillion always unharnessed four,) and +place them on a table, where I had fixed a movable rim quite round, of +five inches high, to prevent accidents. And I have often had four +coaches and horses at once on my table, full of company, while I sat in +my chair, leaning my face towards them; and when I was engaged with one +set, the coachmen would gently drive the others round my table. I have +passed many an afternoon very agreeably in these conversations. But I +defy the treasurer, or his two informers (I will name them, and let +them make the best of it) Clustril and Drunlo, to prove that any person +ever came to me _incognito_, except the secretary Reldresal, who was +sent by express command of his imperial majesty, as I have before +related. I should not have dwelt so long upon this particular, if it +had not been a point wherein the reputation of a great lady is so +nearly concerned, to say nothing of my own; though I then had the +honour to be a _nardac_, which the treasurer himself is not; for all +the world knows, that he is only a _glumglum_, a title inferior by one +degree, as that of a marquis is to a duke in England; yet I allow he +preceded me in right of his post. These false informations, which I +afterwards came to the knowledge of by an accident not proper to +mention, made the treasurer show his lady for some time an ill +countenance, and me a worse; and although he was at last undeceived and +reconciled to her, yet I lost all credit with him, and found my +interest decline very fast with the emperor himself, who was, indeed, +too much governed by that favourite. + + +CHAPTER VII. + +The author, being informed of a design to accuse him of high-treason, +makes his escape to Blefuscu. His reception there. + + +Before I proceed to give an account of my leaving this kingdom, it may +be proper to inform the reader of a private intrigue which had been for +two months forming against me. + +I had been hitherto, all my life, a stranger to courts, for which I was +unqualified by the meanness of my condition. I had indeed heard and +read enough of the dispositions of great princes and ministers, but +never expected to have found such terrible effects of them, in so +remote a country, governed, as I thought, by very different maxims from +those in Europe. + +When I was just preparing to pay my attendance on the emperor of +Blefuscu, a considerable person at court (to whom I had been very +serviceable, at a time when he lay under the highest displeasure of his +imperial majesty) came to my house very privately at night, in a close +chair, and, without sending his name, desired admittance. The chairmen +were dismissed; I put the chair, with his lordship in it, into my +coat-pocket: and, giving orders to a trusty servant, to say I was +indisposed and gone to sleep, I fastened the door of my house, placed +the chair on the table, according to my usual custom, and sat down by +it. After the common salutations were over, observing his lordship’s +countenance full of concern, and inquiring into the reason, he desired +“I would hear him with patience, in a matter that highly concerned my +honour and my life.” His speech was to the following effect, for I took +notes of it as soon as he left me:— + +“You are to know,” said he, “that several committees of council have +been lately called, in the most private manner, on your account; and it +is but two days since his majesty came to a full resolution. + +“You are very sensible that Skyresh Bolgolam” (_galbet_, or +high-admiral) “has been your mortal enemy, almost ever since your +arrival. His original reasons I know not; but his hatred is increased +since your great success against Blefuscu, by which his glory as +admiral is much obscured. This lord, in conjunction with Flimnap the +high-treasurer, whose enmity against you is notorious on account of his +lady, Limtoc the general, Lalcon the chamberlain, and Balmuff the grand +justiciary, have prepared articles of impeachment against you, for +treason and other capital crimes.” + +This preface made me so impatient, being conscious of my own merits and +innocence, that I was going to interrupt him; when he entreated me to +be silent, and thus proceeded:— + +“Out of gratitude for the favours you have done me, I procured +information of the whole proceedings, and a copy of the articles; +wherein I venture my head for your service. + + +“‘_Articles of Impeachment against_ QUINBUS FLESTRIN, (_the +Man-Mountain_.) + +Article I. + + +“‘Whereas, by a statute made in the reign of his imperial majesty Calin +Deffar Plune, it is enacted, that, whoever shall make water within the +precincts of the royal palace, shall be liable to the pains and +penalties of high-treason; notwithstanding, the said Quinbus Flestrin, +in open breach of the said law, under colour of extinguishing the fire +kindled in the apartment of his majesty’s most dear imperial consort, +did maliciously, traitorously, and devilishly, by discharge of his +urine, put out the said fire kindled in the said apartment, lying and +being within the precincts of the said royal palace, against the +statute in that case provided, etc. against the duty, etc. + +Article II. + + +“‘That the said Quinbus Flestrin, having brought the imperial fleet of +Blefuscu into the royal port, and being afterwards commanded by his +imperial majesty to seize all the other ships of the said empire of +Blefuscu, and reduce that empire to a province, to be governed by a +viceroy from hence, and to destroy and put to death, not only all the +Big-endian exiles, but likewise all the people of that empire who would +not immediately forsake the Big-endian heresy, he, the said Flestrin, +like a false traitor against his most auspicious, serene, imperial +majesty, did petition to be excused from the said service, upon +pretence of unwillingness to force the consciences, or destroy the +liberties and lives of an innocent people. + +Article III. + + +“‘That, whereas certain ambassadors arrived from the Court of Blefuscu, +to sue for peace in his majesty’s court, he, the said Flestrin, did, +like a false traitor, aid, abet, comfort, and divert, the said +ambassadors, although he knew them to be servants to a prince who was +lately an open enemy to his imperial majesty, and in an open war +against his said majesty. + +Article IV. + + +“‘That the said Quinbus Flestrin, contrary to the duty of a faithful +subject, is now preparing to make a voyage to the court and empire of +Blefuscu, for which he has received only verbal license from his +imperial majesty; and, under colour of the said license, does falsely +and traitorously intend to take the said voyage, and thereby to aid, +comfort, and abet the emperor of Blefuscu, so lately an enemy, and in +open war with his imperial majesty aforesaid.’ + + +“There are some other articles; but these are the most important, of +which I have read you an abstract. + +“In the several debates upon this impeachment, it must be confessed +that his majesty gave many marks of his great lenity; often urging the +services you had done him, and endeavouring to extenuate your crimes. +The treasurer and admiral insisted that you should be put to the most +painful and ignominious death, by setting fire to your house at night, +and the general was to attend with twenty thousand men, armed with +poisoned arrows, to shoot you on the face and hands. Some of your +servants were to have private orders to strew a poisonous juice on your +shirts and sheets, which would soon make you tear your own flesh, and +die in the utmost torture. The general came into the same opinion; so +that for a long time there was a majority against you; but his majesty +resolving, if possible, to spare your life, at last brought off the +chamberlain. + +“Upon this incident, Reldresal, principal secretary for private +affairs, who always approved himself your true friend, was commanded by +the emperor to deliver his opinion, which he accordingly did; and +therein justified the good thoughts you have of him. He allowed your +crimes to be great, but that still there was room for mercy, the most +commendable virtue in a prince, and for which his majesty was so justly +celebrated. He said, the friendship between you and him was so well +known to the world, that perhaps the most honourable board might think +him partial; however, in obedience to the command he had received, he +would freely offer his sentiments. That if his majesty, in +consideration of your services, and pursuant to his own merciful +disposition, would please to spare your life, and only give orders to +put out both your eyes, he humbly conceived, that by this expedient +justice might in some measure be satisfied, and all the world would +applaud the lenity of the emperor, as well as the fair and generous +proceedings of those who have the honour to be his counsellors. That +the loss of your eyes would be no impediment to your bodily strength, +by which you might still be useful to his majesty; that blindness is an +addition to courage, by concealing dangers from us; that the fear you +had for your eyes, was the greatest difficulty in bringing over the +enemy’s fleet, and it would be sufficient for you to see by the eyes of +the ministers, since the greatest princes do no more. + +“This proposal was received with the utmost disapprobation by the whole +board. Bolgolam, the admiral, could not preserve his temper, but, +rising up in fury, said, he wondered how the secretary durst presume to +give his opinion for preserving the life of a traitor; that the +services you had performed were, by all true reasons of state, the +great aggravation of your crimes; that you, who were able to extinguish +the fire by discharge of urine in her majesty’s apartment (which he +mentioned with horror), might, at another time, raise an inundation by +the same means, to drown the whole palace; and the same strength which +enabled you to bring over the enemy’s fleet, might serve, upon the +first discontent, to carry it back; that he had good reasons to think +you were a Big-endian in your heart; and, as treason begins in the +heart, before it appears in overt acts, so he accused you as a traitor +on that account, and therefore insisted you should be put to death. + +“The treasurer was of the same opinion: he showed to what straits his +majesty’s revenue was reduced, by the charge of maintaining you, which +would soon grow insupportable; that the secretary’s expedient of +putting out your eyes, was so far from being a remedy against this +evil, that it would probably increase it, as is manifest from the +common practice of blinding some kind of fowls, after which they fed +the faster, and grew sooner fat; that his sacred majesty and the +council, who are your judges, were, in their own consciences, fully +convinced of your guilt, which was a sufficient argument to condemn you +to death, without the formal proofs required by the strict letter of +the law. + +“But his imperial majesty, fully determined against capital punishment, +was graciously pleased to say, that since the council thought the loss +of your eyes too easy a censure, some other way may be inflicted +hereafter. And your friend the secretary, humbly desiring to be heard +again, in answer to what the treasurer had objected, concerning the +great charge his majesty was at in maintaining you, said, that his +excellency, who had the sole disposal of the emperor’s revenue, might +easily provide against that evil, by gradually lessening your +establishment; by which, for want of sufficient food, you would grow +weak and faint, and lose your appetite, and consequently, decay, and +consume in a few months; neither would the stench of your carcass be +then so dangerous, when it should become more than half diminished; and +immediately upon your death five or six thousand of his majesty’s +subjects might, in two or three days, cut your flesh from your bones, +take it away by cart-loads, and bury it in distant parts, to prevent +infection, leaving the skeleton as a monument of admiration to +posterity. + +“Thus, by the great friendship of the secretary, the whole affair was +compromised. It was strictly enjoined, that the project of starving you +by degrees should be kept a secret; but the sentence of putting out +your eyes was entered on the books; none dissenting, except Bolgolam +the admiral, who, being a creature of the empress, was perpetually +instigated by her majesty to insist upon your death, she having borne +perpetual malice against you, on account of that infamous and illegal +method you took to extinguish the fire in her apartment. + +“In three days your friend the secretary will be directed to come to +your house, and read before you the articles of impeachment; and then +to signify the great lenity and favour of his majesty and council, +whereby you are only condemned to the loss of your eyes, which his +majesty does not question you will gratefully and humbly submit to; and +twenty of his majesty’s surgeons will attend, in order to see the +operation well performed, by discharging very sharp-pointed arrows into +the balls of your eyes, as you lie on the ground. + +“I leave to your prudence what measures you will take; and to avoid +suspicion, I must immediately return in as private a manner as I came.” + +His lordship did so; and I remained alone, under many doubts and +perplexities of mind. + +It was a custom introduced by this prince and his ministry (very +different, as I have been assured, from the practice of former times,) +that after the court had decreed any cruel execution, either to gratify +the monarch’s resentment, or the malice of a favourite, the emperor +always made a speech to his whole council, expressing his great lenity +and tenderness, as qualities known and confessed by all the world. This +speech was immediately published throughout the kingdom; nor did any +thing terrify the people so much as those encomiums on his majesty’s +mercy; because it was observed, that the more these praises were +enlarged and insisted on, the more inhuman was the punishment, and the +sufferer more innocent. Yet, as to myself, I must confess, having never +been designed for a courtier, either by my birth or education, I was so +ill a judge of things, that I could not discover the lenity and favour +of this sentence, but conceived it (perhaps erroneously) rather to be +rigorous than gentle. I sometimes thought of standing my trial, for, +although I could not deny the facts alleged in the several articles, +yet I hoped they would admit of some extenuation. But having in my life +perused many state-trials, which I ever observed to terminate as the +judges thought fit to direct, I durst not rely on so dangerous a +decision, in so critical a juncture, and against such powerful enemies. +Once I was strongly bent upon resistance, for, while I had liberty the +whole strength of that empire could hardly subdue me, and I might +easily with stones pelt the metropolis to pieces; but I soon rejected +that project with horror, by remembering the oath I had made to the +emperor, the favours I received from him, and the high title of +_nardac_ he conferred upon me. Neither had I so soon learned the +gratitude of courtiers, to persuade myself, that his majesty’s present +severities acquitted me of all past obligations. + +At last, I fixed upon a resolution, for which it is probable I may +incur some censure, and not unjustly; for I confess I owe the +preserving of my eyes, and consequently my liberty, to my own great +rashness and want of experience; because, if I had then known the +nature of princes and ministers, which I have since observed in many +other courts, and their methods of treating criminals less obnoxious +than myself, I should, with great alacrity and readiness, have +submitted to so easy a punishment. But hurried on by the precipitancy +of youth, and having his imperial majesty’s license to pay my +attendance upon the emperor of Blefuscu, I took this opportunity, +before the three days were elapsed, to send a letter to my friend the +secretary, signifying my resolution of setting out that morning for +Blefuscu, pursuant to the leave I had got; and, without waiting for an +answer, I went to that side of the island where our fleet lay. I seized +a large man of war, tied a cable to the prow, and, lifting up the +anchors, I stripped myself, put my clothes (together with my coverlet, +which I carried under my arm) into the vessel, and, drawing it after +me, between wading and swimming arrived at the royal port of Blefuscu, +where the people had long expected me: they lent me two guides to +direct me to the capital city, which is of the same name. I held them +in my hands, till I came within two hundred yards of the gate, and +desired them “to signify my arrival to one of the secretaries, and let +him know, I there waited his majesty’s command.” I had an answer in +about an hour, “that his majesty, attended by the royal family, and +great officers of the court, was coming out to receive me.” I advanced +a hundred yards. The emperor and his train alighted from their horses, +the empress and ladies from their coaches, and I did not perceive they +were in any fright or concern. I lay on the ground to kiss his +majesty’s and the empress’s hands. I told his majesty, “that I was come +according to my promise, and with the license of the emperor my master, +to have the honour of seeing so mighty a monarch, and to offer him any +service in my power, consistent with my duty to my own prince;” not +mentioning a word of my disgrace, because I had hitherto no regular +information of it, and might suppose myself wholly ignorant of any such +design; neither could I reasonably conceive that the emperor would +discover the secret, while I was out of his power; wherein, however, it +soon appeared I was deceived. + +I shall not trouble the reader with the particular account of my +reception at this court, which was suitable to the generosity of so +great a prince; nor of the difficulties I was in for want of a house +and bed, being forced to lie on the ground, wrapped up in my coverlet. + + +CHAPTER VIII. + +The author, by a lucky accident, finds means to leave Blefuscu; and, +after some difficulties, returns safe to his native country. + + +Three days after my arrival, walking out of curiosity to the north-east +coast of the island, I observed, about half a league off in the sea, +somewhat that looked like a boat overturned. I pulled off my shoes and +stockings, and, wading two or three hundred yards, I found the object +to approach nearer by force of the tide; and then plainly saw it to be +a real boat, which I supposed might by some tempest have been driven +from a ship. Whereupon, I returned immediately towards the city, and +desired his imperial majesty to lend me twenty of the tallest vessels +he had left, after the loss of his fleet, and three thousand seamen, +under the command of his vice-admiral. This fleet sailed round, while I +went back the shortest way to the coast, where I first discovered the +boat. I found the tide had driven it still nearer. The seamen were all +provided with cordage, which I had beforehand twisted to a sufficient +strength. When the ships came up, I stripped myself, and waded till I +came within a hundred yards of the boat, after which I was forced to +swim till I got up to it. The seamen threw me the end of the cord, +which I fastened to a hole in the fore-part of the boat, and the other +end to a man of war; but I found all my labour to little purpose; for, +being out of my depth, I was not able to work. In this necessity I was +forced to swim behind, and push the boat forward, as often as I could, +with one of my hands; and the tide favouring me, I advanced so far that +I could just hold up my chin and feel the ground. I rested two or three +minutes, and then gave the boat another shove, and so on, till the sea +was no higher than my arm-pits; and now, the most laborious part being +over, I took out my other cables, which were stowed in one of the +ships, and fastened them first to the boat, and then to nine of the +vessels which attended me; the wind being favourable, the seamen towed, +and I shoved, until we arrived within forty yards of the shore; and, +waiting till the tide was out, I got dry to the boat, and by the +assistance of two thousand men, with ropes and engines, I made a shift +to turn it on its bottom, and found it was but little damaged. + +I shall not trouble the reader with the difficulties I was under, by +the help of certain paddles, which cost me ten days making, to get my +boat to the royal port of Blefuscu, where a mighty concourse of people +appeared upon my arrival, full of wonder at the sight of so prodigious +a vessel. I told the emperor “that my good fortune had thrown this boat +in my way, to carry me to some place whence I might return into my +native country; and begged his majesty’s orders for getting materials +to fit it up, together with his license to depart;” which, after some +kind expostulations, he was pleased to grant. + +I did very much wonder, in all this time, not to have heard of any +express relating to me from our emperor to the court of Blefuscu. But I +was afterward given privately to understand, that his imperial majesty, +never imagining I had the least notice of his designs, believed I was +only gone to Blefuscu in performance of my promise, according to the +license he had given me, which was well known at our court, and would +return in a few days, when the ceremony was ended. But he was at last +in pain at my long absence; and after consulting with the treasurer and +the rest of that cabal, a person of quality was dispatched with the +copy of the articles against me. This envoy had instructions to +represent to the monarch of Blefuscu, “the great lenity of his master, +who was content to punish me no farther than with the loss of my eyes; +that I had fled from justice; and if I did not return in two hours, I +should be deprived of my title of _nardac_, and declared a traitor.” +The envoy further added, “that in order to maintain the peace and amity +between both empires, his master expected that his brother of Blefuscu +would give orders to have me sent back to Lilliput, bound hand and +foot, to be punished as a traitor.” + +The emperor of Blefuscu, having taken three days to consult, returned +an answer consisting of many civilities and excuses. He said, “that as +for sending me bound, his brother knew it was impossible; that, +although I had deprived him of his fleet, yet he owed great obligations +to me for many good offices I had done him in making the peace. That, +however, both their majesties would soon be made easy; for I had found +a prodigious vessel on the shore, able to carry me on the sea, which he +had given orders to fit up, with my own assistance and direction; and +he hoped, in a few weeks, both empires would be freed from so +insupportable an encumbrance.” + +With this answer the envoy returned to Lilliput; and the monarch of +Blefuscu related to me all that had passed; offering me at the same +time (but under the strictest confidence) his gracious protection, if I +would continue in his service; wherein, although I believed him +sincere, yet I resolved never more to put any confidence in princes or +ministers, where I could possibly avoid it; and therefore, with all due +acknowledgments for his favourable intentions, I humbly begged to be +excused. I told him, “that since fortune, whether good or evil, had +thrown a vessel in my way, I was resolved to venture myself on the +ocean, rather than be an occasion of difference between two such mighty +monarchs.” Neither did I find the emperor at all displeased; and I +discovered, by a certain accident, that he was very glad of my +resolution, and so were most of his ministers. + +These considerations moved me to hasten my departure somewhat sooner +than I intended; to which the court, impatient to have me gone, very +readily contributed. Five hundred workmen were employed to make two +sails to my boat, according to my directions, by quilting thirteen +folds of their strongest linen together. I was at the pains of making +ropes and cables, by twisting ten, twenty, or thirty of the thickest +and strongest of theirs. A great stone that I happened to find, after a +long search, by the sea-shore, served me for an anchor. I had the +tallow of three hundred cows, for greasing my boat, and other uses. I +was at incredible pains in cutting down some of the largest +timber-trees, for oars and masts, wherein I was, however, much assisted +by his majesty’s ship-carpenters, who helped me in smoothing them, +after I had done the rough work. + +In about a month, when all was prepared, I sent to receive his +majesty’s commands, and to take my leave. The emperor and royal family +came out of the palace; I lay down on my face to kiss his hand, which +he very graciously gave me: so did the empress and young princes of the +blood. His majesty presented me with fifty purses of two hundred +_sprugs_ a-piece, together with his picture at full length, which I put +immediately into one of my gloves, to keep it from being hurt. The +ceremonies at my departure were too many to trouble the reader with at +this time. + +I stored the boat with the carcases of a hundred oxen, and three +hundred sheep, with bread and drink proportionable, and as much meat +ready dressed as four hundred cooks could provide. I took with me six +cows and two bulls alive, with as many ewes and rams, intending to +carry them into my own country, and propagate the breed. And to feed +them on board, I had a good bundle of hay, and a bag of corn. I would +gladly have taken a dozen of the natives, but this was a thing the +emperor would by no means permit; and, besides a diligent search into +my pockets, his majesty engaged my honour “not to carry away any of his +subjects, although with their own consent and desire.” + +Having thus prepared all things as well as I was able, I set sail on +the twenty-fourth day of September 1701, at six in the morning; and +when I had gone about four leagues to the northward, the wind being at +south-east, at six in the evening I descried a small island, about half +a league to the north-west. I advanced forward, and cast anchor on the +lee-side of the island, which seemed to be uninhabited. I then took +some refreshment, and went to my rest. I slept well, and as I +conjectured at least six hours, for I found the day broke in two hours +after I awaked. It was a clear night. I ate my breakfast before the sun +was up; and heaving anchor, the wind being favourable, I steered the +same course that I had done the day before, wherein I was directed by +my pocket compass. My intention was to reach, if possible, one of those +islands which I had reason to believe lay to the north-east of Van +Diemen’s Land. I discovered nothing all that day; but upon the next, +about three in the afternoon, when I had by my computation made +twenty-four leagues from Blefuscu, I descried a sail steering to the +south-east; my course was due east. I hailed her, but could get no +answer; yet I found I gained upon her, for the wind slackened. I made +all the sail I could, and in half an hour she spied me, then hung out +her ancient, and discharged a gun. It is not easy to express the joy I +was in, upon the unexpected hope of once more seeing my beloved +country, and the dear pledges I left in it. The ship slackened her +sails, and I came up with her between five and six in the evening, +September 26th; but my heart leaped within me to see her English +colours. I put my cows and sheep into my coat-pockets, and got on board +with all my little cargo of provisions. The vessel was an English +merchantman, returning from Japan by the North and South seas; the +captain, Mr. John Biddel, of Deptford, a very civil man, and an +excellent sailor. + +We were now in the latitude of 30 degrees south; there were about fifty +men in the ship; and here I met an old comrade of mine, one Peter +Williams, who gave me a good character to the captain. This gentleman +treated me with kindness, and desired I would let him know what place I +came from last, and whither I was bound; which I did in a few words, +but he thought I was raving, and that the dangers I underwent had +disturbed my head; whereupon I took my black cattle and sheep out of my +pocket, which, after great astonishment, clearly convinced him of my +veracity. I then showed him the gold given me by the emperor of +Blefuscu, together with his majesty’s picture at full length, and some +other rarities of that country. I gave him two purses of two hundreds +_sprugs_ each, and promised, when we arrived in England, to make him a +present of a cow and a sheep big with young. + +I shall not trouble the reader with a particular account of this +voyage, which was very prosperous for the most part. We arrived in the +Downs on the 13th of April, 1702. I had only one misfortune, that the +rats on board carried away one of my sheep; I found her bones in a +hole, picked clean from the flesh. The rest of my cattle I got safe +ashore, and set them a-grazing in a bowling-green at Greenwich, where +the fineness of the grass made them feed very heartily, though I had +always feared the contrary: neither could I possibly have preserved +them in so long a voyage, if the captain had not allowed me some of his +best biscuit, which, rubbed to powder, and mingled with water, was +their constant food. The short time I continued in England, I made a +considerable profit by showing my cattle to many persons of quality and +others: and before I began my second voyage, I sold them for six +hundred pounds. Since my last return I find the breed is considerably +increased, especially the sheep, which I hope will prove much to the +advantage of the woollen manufacture, by the fineness of the fleeces. + +I stayed but two months with my wife and family, for my insatiable +desire of seeing foreign countries, would suffer me to continue no +longer. I left fifteen hundred pounds with my wife, and fixed her in a +good house at Redriff. My remaining stock I carried with me, part in +money and part in goods, in hopes to improve my fortunes. My eldest +uncle John had left me an estate in land, near Epping, of about thirty +pounds a year; and I had a long lease of the Black Bull in Fetter Lane, +which yielded me as much more; so that I was not in any danger of +leaving my family upon the parish. My son Johnny, named so after his +uncle, was at the grammar school, and a towardly child. My daughter +Betty (who is now well married, and has children) was then at her +needlework. I took leave of my wife, and boy and girl, with tears on +both sides, and went on board the Adventure, a merchant ship of three +hundred tons, bound for Surat, captain John Nicholas, of Liverpool, +commander. But my account of this voyage must be referred to the Second +Part of my Travels. + + +PART II. A VOYAGE TO BROBDINGNAG. + + +CHAPTER I. + +A great storm described; the long boat sent to fetch water; the author +goes with it to discover the country. He is left on shore, is seized by +one of the natives, and carried to a farmer’s house. His reception, +with several accidents that happened there. A description of the +inhabitants. + + +Having been condemned, by nature and fortune, to active and restless +life, in two months after my return, I again left my native country, +and took shipping in the Downs, on the 20th day of June, 1702, in the +Adventure, Captain John Nicholas, a Cornish man, commander, bound for +Surat. We had a very prosperous gale, till we arrived at the Cape of +Good Hope, where we landed for fresh water; but discovering a leak, we +unshipped our goods and wintered there; for the captain falling sick of +an ague, we could not leave the Cape till the end of March. We then set +sail, and had a good voyage till we passed the Straits of Madagascar; +but having got northward of that island, and to about five degrees +south latitude, the winds, which in those seas are observed to blow a +constant equal gale between the north and west, from the beginning of +December to the beginning of May, on the 19th of April began to blow +with much greater violence, and more westerly than usual, continuing so +for twenty days together: during which time, we were driven a little to +the east of the Molucca Islands, and about three degrees northward of +the line, as our captain found by an observation he took the 2nd of +May, at which time the wind ceased, and it was a perfect calm, whereat +I was not a little rejoiced. But he, being a man well experienced in +the navigation of those seas, bid us all prepare against a storm, which +accordingly happened the day following: for the southern wind, called +the southern monsoon, began to set in. + +Finding it was likely to overblow, we took in our sprit-sail, and stood +by to hand the fore-sail; but making foul weather, we looked the guns +were all fast, and handed the mizen. The ship lay very broad off, so we +thought it better spooning before the sea, than trying or hulling. We +reefed the fore-sail and set him, and hauled aft the fore-sheet; the +helm was hard a-weather. The ship wore bravely. We belayed the fore +down-haul; but the sail was split, and we hauled down the yard, and got +the sail into the ship, and unbound all the things clear of it. It was +a very fierce storm; the sea broke strange and dangerous. We hauled off +upon the laniard of the whip-staff, and helped the man at the helm. We +would not get down our topmast, but let all stand, because she scudded +before the sea very well, and we knew that the top-mast being aloft, +the ship was the wholesomer, and made better way through the sea, +seeing we had sea-room. When the storm was over, we set fore-sail and +main-sail, and brought the ship to. Then we set the mizen, +main-top-sail, and the fore-top-sail. Our course was east-north-east, +the wind was at south-west. We got the starboard tacks aboard, we cast +off our weather-braces and lifts; we set in the lee-braces, and hauled +forward by the weather-bowlings, and hauled them tight, and belayed +them, and hauled over the mizen tack to windward, and kept her full and +by as near as she would lie. + +During this storm, which was followed by a strong wind west-south-west, +we were carried, by my computation, about five hundred leagues to the +east, so that the oldest sailor on board could not tell in what part of +the world we were. Our provisions held out well, our ship was staunch, +and our crew all in good health; but we lay in the utmost distress for +water. We thought it best to hold on the same course, rather than turn +more northerly, which might have brought us to the north-west part of +Great Tartary, and into the Frozen Sea. + +On the 16th day of June, 1703, a boy on the top-mast discovered land. +On the 17th, we came in full view of a great island, or continent (for +we knew not whether;) on the south side whereof was a small neck of +land jutting out into the sea, and a creek too shallow to hold a ship +of above one hundred tons. We cast anchor within a league of this +creek, and our captain sent a dozen of his men well armed in the +long-boat, with vessels for water, if any could be found. I desired his +leave to go with them, that I might see the country, and make what +discoveries I could. When we came to land we saw no river or spring, +nor any sign of inhabitants. Our men therefore wandered on the shore to +find out some fresh water near the sea, and I walked alone about a mile +on the other side, where I observed the country all barren and rocky. I +now began to be weary, and seeing nothing to entertain my curiosity, I +returned gently down towards the creek; and the sea being full in my +view, I saw our men already got into the boat, and rowing for life to +the ship. I was going to holla after them, although it had been to +little purpose, when I observed a huge creature walking after them in +the sea, as fast as he could: he waded not much deeper than his knees, +and took prodigious strides: but our men had the start of him half a +league, and, the sea thereabouts being full of sharp-pointed rocks, the +monster was not able to overtake the boat. This I was afterwards told, +for I durst not stay to see the issue of the adventure; but ran as fast +as I could the way I first went, and then climbed up a steep hill, +which gave me some prospect of the country. I found it fully +cultivated; but that which first surprised me was the length of the +grass, which, in those grounds that seemed to be kept for hay, was +about twenty feet high. + +I fell into a high road, for so I took it to be, though it served to +the inhabitants only as a foot-path through a field of barley. Here I +walked on for some time, but could see little on either side, it being +now near harvest, and the corn rising at least forty feet. I was an +hour walking to the end of this field, which was fenced in with a hedge +of at least one hundred and twenty feet high, and the trees so lofty +that I could make no computation of their altitude. There was a stile +to pass from this field into the next. It had four steps, and a stone +to cross over when you came to the uppermost. It was impossible for me +to climb this stile, because every step was six-feet high, and the +upper stone about twenty. I was endeavouring to find some gap in the +hedge, when I discovered one of the inhabitants in the next field, +advancing towards the stile, of the same size with him whom I saw in +the sea pursuing our boat. He appeared as tall as an ordinary spire +steeple, and took about ten yards at every stride, as near as I could +guess. I was struck with the utmost fear and astonishment, and ran to +hide myself in the corn, whence I saw him at the top of the stile +looking back into the next field on the right hand, and heard him call +in a voice many degrees louder than a speaking-trumpet: but the noise +was so high in the air, that at first I certainly thought it was +thunder. Whereupon seven monsters, like himself, came towards him with +reaping-hooks in their hands, each hook about the largeness of six +scythes. These people were not so well clad as the first, whose +servants or labourers they seemed to be; for, upon some words he spoke, +they went to reap the corn in the field where I lay. I kept from them +at as great a distance as I could, but was forced to move with extreme +difficulty, for the stalks of the corn were sometimes not above a foot +distant, so that I could hardly squeeze my body betwixt them. However, +I made a shift to go forward, till I came to a part of the field where +the corn had been laid by the rain and wind. Here it was impossible for +me to advance a step; for the stalks were so interwoven, that I could +not creep through, and the beards of the fallen ears so strong and +pointed, that they pierced through my clothes into my flesh. At the +same time I heard the reapers not a hundred yards behind me. Being +quite dispirited with toil, and wholly overcome by grief and dispair, I +lay down between two ridges, and heartily wished I might there end my +days. I bemoaned my desolate widow and fatherless children. I lamented +my own folly and wilfulness, in attempting a second voyage, against the +advice of all my friends and relations. In this terrible agitation of +mind, I could not forbear thinking of Lilliput, whose inhabitants +looked upon me as the greatest prodigy that ever appeared in the world; +where I was able to draw an imperial fleet in my hand, and perform +those other actions, which will be recorded for ever in the chronicles +of that empire, while posterity shall hardly believe them, although +attested by millions. I reflected what a mortification it must prove to +me, to appear as inconsiderable in this nation, as one single +Lilliputian would be among us. But this I conceived was to be the least +of my misfortunes; for, as human creatures are observed to be more +savage and cruel in proportion to their bulk, what could I expect but +to be a morsel in the mouth of the first among these enormous +barbarians that should happen to seize me? Undoubtedly philosophers are +in the right, when they tell us that nothing is great or little +otherwise than by comparison. It might have pleased fortune, to have +let the Lilliputians find some nation, where the people were as +diminutive with respect to them, as they were to me. And who knows but +that even this prodigious race of mortals might be equally overmatched +in some distant part of the world, whereof we have yet no discovery. + +Scared and confounded as I was, I could not forbear going on with these +reflections, when one of the reapers, approaching within ten yards of +the ridge where I lay, made me apprehend that with the next step I +should be squashed to death under his foot, or cut in two with his +reaping-hook. And therefore, when he was again about to move, I +screamed as loud as fear could make me: whereupon the huge creature +trod short, and, looking round about under him for some time, at last +espied me as I lay on the ground. He considered awhile, with the +caution of one who endeavours to lay hold on a small dangerous animal +in such a manner that it shall not be able either to scratch or bite +him, as I myself have sometimes done with a weasel in England. At +length he ventured to take me behind, by the middle, between his +fore-finger and thumb, and brought me within three yards of his eyes, +that he might behold my shape more perfectly. I guessed his meaning, +and my good fortune gave me so much presence of mind, that I resolved +not to struggle in the least as he held me in the air above sixty feet +from the ground, although he grievously pinched my sides, for fear I +should slip through his fingers. All I ventured was to raise my eyes +towards the sun, and place my hands together in a supplicating posture, +and to speak some words in a humble melancholy tone, suitable to the +condition I then was in: for I apprehended every moment that he would +dash me against the ground, as we usually do any little hateful animal, +which we have a mind to destroy. But my good star would have it, that +he appeared pleased with my voice and gestures, and began to look upon +me as a curiosity, much wondering to hear me pronounce articulate +words, although he could not understand them. In the mean time I was +not able to forbear groaning and shedding tears, and turning my head +towards my sides; letting him know, as well as I could, how cruelly I +was hurt by the pressure of his thumb and finger. He seemed to +apprehend my meaning; for, lifting up the lappet of his coat, he put me +gently into it, and immediately ran along with me to his master, who +was a substantial farmer, and the same person I had first seen in the +field. + +The farmer having (as I suppose by their talk) received such an account +of me as his servant could give him, took a piece of a small straw, +about the size of a walking-staff, and therewith lifted up the lappets +of my coat; which it seems he thought to be some kind of covering that +nature had given me. He blew my hairs aside to take a better view of my +face. He called his hinds about him, and asked them, as I afterwards +learned, whether they had ever seen in the fields any little creature +that resembled me. He then placed me softly on the ground upon all +fours, but I got immediately up, and walked slowly backward and +forward, to let those people see I had no intent to run away. They all +sat down in a circle about me, the better to observe my motions. I +pulled off my hat, and made a low bow towards the farmer. I fell on my +knees, and lifted up my hands and eyes, and spoke several words as loud +as I could: I took a purse of gold out of my pocket, and humbly +presented it to him. He received it on the palm of his hand, then +applied it close to his eye to see what it was, and afterwards turned +it several times with the point of a pin (which he took out of his +sleeve,) but could make nothing of it. Whereupon I made a sign that he +should place his hand on the ground. I then took the purse, and, +opening it, poured all the gold into his palm. There were six Spanish +pieces of four pistoles each, beside twenty or thirty smaller coins. I +saw him wet the tip of his little finger upon his tongue, and take up +one of my largest pieces, and then another; but he seemed to be wholly +ignorant what they were. He made me a sign to put them again into my +purse, and the purse again into my pocket, which, after offering it to +him several times, I thought it best to do. + +The farmer, by this time, was convinced I must be a rational creature. +He spoke often to me; but the sound of his voice pierced my ears like +that of a water-mill, yet his words were articulate enough. I answered +as loud as I could in several languages, and he often laid his ear +within two yards of me: but all in vain, for we were wholly +unintelligible to each other. He then sent his servants to their work, +and taking his handkerchief out of his pocket, he doubled and spread it +on his left hand, which he placed flat on the ground with the palm +upward, making me a sign to step into it, as I could easily do, for it +was not above a foot in thickness. I thought it my part to obey, and, +for fear of falling, laid myself at full length upon the handkerchief, +with the remainder of which he lapped me up to the head for further +security, and in this manner carried me home to his house. There he +called his wife, and showed me to her; but she screamed and ran back, +as women in England do at the sight of a toad or a spider. However, +when she had a while seen my behaviour, and how well I observed the +signs her husband made, she was soon reconciled, and by degrees grew +extremely tender of me. + +It was about twelve at noon, and a servant brought in dinner. It was +only one substantial dish of meat (fit for the plain condition of a +husbandman,) in a dish of about four-and-twenty feet diameter. The +company were, the farmer and his wife, three children, and an old +grandmother. When they were sat down, the farmer placed me at some +distance from him on the table, which was thirty feet high from the +floor. I was in a terrible fright, and kept as far as I could from the +edge, for fear of falling. The wife minced a bit of meat, then crumbled +some bread on a trencher, and placed it before me. I made her a low +bow, took out my knife and fork, and fell to eat, which gave them +exceeding delight. The mistress sent her maid for a small dram cup, +which held about two gallons, and filled it with drink; I took up the +vessel with much difficulty in both hands, and in a most respectful +manner drank to her ladyship’s health, expressing the words as loud as +I could in English, which made the company laugh so heartily, that I +was almost deafened with the noise. This liquor tasted like a small +cider, and was not unpleasant. Then the master made me a sign to come +to his trencher side; but as I walked on the table, being in great +surprise all the time, as the indulgent reader will easily conceive and +excuse, I happened to stumble against a crust, and fell flat on my +face, but received no hurt. I got up immediately, and observing the +good people to be in much concern, I took my hat (which I held under my +arm out of good manners,) and waving it over my head, made three +huzzas, to show I had got no mischief by my fall. But advancing forward +towards my master (as I shall henceforth call him,) his youngest son, +who sat next to him, an arch boy of about ten years old, took me up by +the legs, and held me so high in the air, that I trembled every limb: +but his father snatched me from him, and at the same time gave him such +a box on the left ear, as would have felled an European troop of horse +to the earth, ordering him to be taken from the table. But being afraid +the boy might owe me a spite, and well remembering how mischievous all +children among us naturally are to sparrows, rabbits, young kittens, +and puppy dogs, I fell on my knees, and pointing to the boy, made my +master to understand, as well as I could, that I desired his son might +be pardoned. The father complied, and the lad took his seat again, +whereupon I went to him, and kissed his hand, which my master took, and +made him stroke me gently with it. + +In the midst of dinner, my mistress’s favourite cat leaped into her +lap. I heard a noise behind me like that of a dozen stocking-weavers at +work; and turning my head, I found it proceeded from the purring of +that animal, who seemed to be three times larger than an ox, as I +computed by the view of her head, and one of her paws, while her +mistress was feeding and stroking her. The fierceness of this +creature’s countenance altogether discomposed me; though I stood at the +farther end of the table, above fifty feet off; and although my +mistress held her fast, for fear she might give a spring, and seize me +in her talons. But it happened there was no danger, for the cat took +not the least notice of me when my master placed me within three yards +of her. And as I have been always told, and found true by experience in +my travels, that flying or discovering fear before a fierce animal, is +a certain way to make it pursue or attack you, so I resolved, in this +dangerous juncture, to show no manner of concern. I walked with +intrepidity five or six times before the very head of the cat, and came +within half a yard of her; whereupon she drew herself back, as if she +were more afraid of me: I had less apprehension concerning the dogs, +whereof three or four came into the room, as it is usual in farmers’ +houses; one of which was a mastiff, equal in bulk to four elephants, +and another a greyhound, somewhat taller than the mastiff, but not so +large. + +When dinner was almost done, the nurse came in with a child of a year +old in her arms, who immediately spied me, and began a squall that you +might have heard from London Bridge to Chelsea, after the usual oratory +of infants, to get me for a plaything. The mother, out of pure +indulgence, took me up, and put me towards the child, who presently +seized me by the middle, and got my head into his mouth, where I roared +so loud that the urchin was frighted, and let me drop, and I should +infallibly have broke my neck, if the mother had not held her apron +under me. The nurse, to quiet her babe, made use of a rattle which was +a kind of hollow vessel filled with great stones, and fastened by a +cable to the child’s waist: but all in vain; so that she was forced to +apply the last remedy by giving it suck. I must confess no object ever +disgusted me so much as the sight of her monstrous breast, which I +cannot tell what to compare with, so as to give the curious reader an +idea of its bulk, shape, and colour. It stood prominent six feet, and +could not be less than sixteen in circumference. The nipple was about +half the bigness of my head, and the hue both of that and the dug, so +varied with spots, pimples, and freckles, that nothing could appear +more nauseous: for I had a near sight of her, she sitting down, the +more conveniently to give suck, and I standing on the table. This made +me reflect upon the fair skins of our English ladies, who appear so +beautiful to us, only because they are of our own size, and their +defects not to be seen but through a magnifying glass; where we find by +experiment that the smoothest and whitest skins look rough, and coarse, +and ill-coloured. + +I remember when I was at Lilliput, the complexion of those diminutive +people appeared to me the fairest in the world; and talking upon this +subject with a person of learning there, who was an intimate friend of +mine, he said that my face appeared much fairer and smoother when he +looked on me from the ground, than it did upon a nearer view, when I +took him up in my hand, and brought him close, which he confessed was +at first a very shocking sight. He said, “he could discover great holes +in my skin; that the stumps of my beard were ten times stronger than +the bristles of a boar, and my complexion made up of several colours +altogether disagreeable:” although I must beg leave to say for myself, +that I am as fair as most of my sex and country, and very little +sunburnt by all my travels. On the other side, discoursing of the +ladies in that emperor’s court, he used to tell me, “one had freckles; +another too wide a mouth; a third too large a nose;” nothing of which I +was able to distinguish. I confess this reflection was obvious enough; +which, however, I could not forbear, lest the reader might think those +vast creatures were actually deformed: for I must do them the justice +to say, they are a comely race of people, and particularly the features +of my master’s countenance, although he was but a farmer, when I beheld +him from the height of sixty feet, appeared very well proportioned. + +When dinner was done, my master went out to his labourers, and, as I +could discover by his voice and gesture, gave his wife strict charge to +take care of me. I was very much tired, and disposed to sleep, which my +mistress perceiving, she put me on her own bed, and covered me with a +clean white handkerchief, but larger and coarser than the mainsail of a +man of war. + +I slept about two hours, and dreamt I was at home with my wife and +children, which aggravated my sorrows when I awaked, and found myself +alone in a vast room, between two and three hundred feet wide, and +above two hundred high, lying in a bed twenty yards wide. My mistress +was gone about her household affairs, and had locked me in. The bed was +eight yards from the floor. Some natural necessities required me to get +down; I durst not presume to call; and if I had, it would have been in +vain, with such a voice as mine, at so great a distance from the room +where I lay to the kitchen where the family kept. While I was under +these circumstances, two rats crept up the curtains, and ran smelling +backwards and forwards on the bed. One of them came up almost to my +face, whereupon I rose in a fright, and drew out my hanger to defend +myself. These horrible animals had the boldness to attack me on both +sides, and one of them held his forefeet at my collar; but I had the +good fortune to rip up his belly before he could do me any mischief. He +fell down at my feet; and the other, seeing the fate of his comrade, +made his escape, but not without one good wound on the back, which I +gave him as he fled, and made the blood run trickling from him. After +this exploit, I walked gently to and fro on the bed, to recover my +breath and loss of spirits. These creatures were of the size of a large +mastiff, but infinitely more nimble and fierce; so that if I had taken +off my belt before I went to sleep, I must have infallibly been torn to +pieces and devoured. I measured the tail of the dead rat, and found it +to be two yards long, wanting an inch; but it went against my stomach +to drag the carcass off the bed, where it lay still bleeding; I +observed it had yet some life, but with a strong slash across the neck, +I thoroughly despatched it. + +Soon after my mistress came into the room, who seeing me all bloody, +ran and took me up in her hand. I pointed to the dead rat, smiling, and +making other signs to show I was not hurt; whereat she was extremely +rejoiced, calling the maid to take up the dead rat with a pair of +tongs, and throw it out of the window. Then she set me on a table, +where I showed her my hanger all bloody, and wiping it on the lappet of +my coat, returned it to the scabbard. I was pressed to do more than one +thing which another could not do for me, and therefore endeavoured to +make my mistress understand, that I desired to be set down on the +floor; which after she had done, my bashfulness would not suffer me to +express myself farther, than by pointing to the door, and bowing +several times. The good woman, with much difficulty, at last perceived +what I would be at, and taking me up again in her hand, walked into the +garden, where she set me down. I went on one side about two hundred +yards, and beckoning to her not to look or to follow me, I hid myself +between two leaves of sorrel, and there discharged the necessities of +nature. + +I hope the gentle reader will excuse me for dwelling on these and the +like particulars, which, however insignificant they may appear to +groveling vulgar minds, yet will certainly help a philosopher to +enlarge his thoughts and imagination, and apply them to the benefit of +public as well as private life, which was my sole design in presenting +this and other accounts of my travels to the world; wherein I have been +chiefly studious of truth, without affecting any ornaments of learning +or of style. But the whole scene of this voyage made so strong an +impression on my mind, and is so deeply fixed in my memory, that, in +committing it to paper I did not omit one material circumstance: +however, upon a strict review, I blotted out several passages of less +moment which were in my first copy, for fear of being censured as +tedious and trifling, whereof travellers are often, perhaps not without +justice, accused. + + +CHAPTER II. + +A description of the farmer’s daughter. The author carried to a +market-town, and then to the metropolis. The particulars of his +journey. + + +My mistress had a daughter of nine years old, a child of towardly parts +for her age, very dexterous at her needle, and skilful in dressing her +baby. Her mother and she contrived to fit up the baby’s cradle for me +against night: the cradle was put into a small drawer of a cabinet, and +the drawer placed upon a hanging shelf for fear of the rats. This was +my bed all the time I staid with those people, though made more +convenient by degrees, as I began to learn their language and make my +wants known. This young girl was so handy, that after I had once or +twice pulled off my clothes before her, she was able to dress and +undress me, though I never gave her that trouble when she would let me +do either myself. She made me seven shirts, and some other linen, of as +fine cloth as could be got, which indeed was coarser than sackcloth; +and these she constantly washed for me with her own hands. She was +likewise my school-mistress, to teach me the language: when I pointed +to any thing, she told me the name of it in her own tongue, so that in +a few days I was able to call for whatever I had a mind to. She was +very good-natured, and not above forty feet high, being little for her +age. She gave me the name of _Grildrig_, which the family took up, and +afterwards the whole kingdom. The word imports what the Latins call +_nanunculus_, the Italians _homunceletino_, and the English _mannikin_. +To her I chiefly owe my preservation in that country: we never parted +while I was there; I called her my _Glumdalclitch_, or little nurse; +and should be guilty of great ingratitude, if I omitted this honourable +mention of her care and affection towards me, which I heartily wish it +lay in my power to requite as she deserves, instead of being the +innocent, but unhappy instrument of her disgrace, as I have too much +reason to fear. + +It now began to be known and talked of in the neighbourhood, that my +master had found a strange animal in the field, about the bigness of a +_splacnuck_, but exactly shaped in every part like a human creature; +which it likewise imitated in all its actions; seemed to speak in a +little language of its own, had already learned several words of +theirs, went erect upon two legs, was tame and gentle, would come when +it was called, do whatever it was bid, had the finest limbs in the +world, and a complexion fairer than a nobleman’s daughter of three +years old. Another farmer, who lived hard by, and was a particular +friend of my master, came on a visit on purpose to inquire into the +truth of this story. I was immediately produced, and placed upon a +table, where I walked as I was commanded, drew my hanger, put it up +again, made my reverence to my master’s guest, asked him in his own +language how he did, and told him _he was welcome_, just as my little +nurse had instructed me. This man, who was old and dim-sighted, put on +his spectacles to behold me better; at which I could not forbear +laughing very heartily, for his eyes appeared like the full moon +shining into a chamber at two windows. Our people, who discovered the +cause of my mirth, bore me company in laughing, at which the old fellow +was fool enough to be angry and out of countenance. He had the +character of a great miser; and, to my misfortune, he well deserved it, +by the cursed advice he gave my master, to show me as a sight upon a +market-day in the next town, which was half an hour’s riding, about +two-and-twenty miles from our house. I guessed there was some mischief +when I observed my master and his friend whispering together, sometimes +pointing at me; and my fears made me fancy that I overheard and +understood some of their words. But the next morning Glumdalclitch, my +little nurse, told me the whole matter, which she had cunningly picked +out from her mother. The poor girl laid me on her bosom, and fell a +weeping with shame and grief. She apprehended some mischief would +happen to me from rude vulgar folks, who might squeeze me to death, or +break one of my limbs by taking me in their hands. She had also +observed how modest I was in my nature, how nicely I regarded my +honour, and what an indignity I should conceive it, to be exposed for +money as a public spectacle, to the meanest of the people. She said, +her papa and mamma had promised that Grildrig should be hers; but now +she found they meant to serve her as they did last year, when they +pretended to give her a lamb, and yet, as soon as it was fat, sold it +to a butcher. For my own part, I may truly affirm, that I was less +concerned than my nurse. I had a strong hope, which never left me, that +I should one day recover my liberty: and as to the ignominy of being +carried about for a monster, I considered myself to be a perfect +stranger in the country, and that such a misfortune could never be +charged upon me as a reproach, if ever I should return to England, +since the king of Great Britain himself, in my condition, must have +undergone the same distress. + +My master, pursuant to the advice of his friend, carried me in a box +the next market-day to the neighbouring town, and took along with him +his little daughter, my nurse, upon a pillion behind him. The box was +close on every side, with a little door for me to go in and out, and a +few gimlet holes to let in air. The girl had been so careful as to put +the quilt of her baby’s bed into it, for me to lie down on. However, I +was terribly shaken and discomposed in this journey, though it was but +of half an hour: for the horse went about forty feet at every step and +trotted so high, that the agitation was equal to the rising and falling +of a ship in a great storm, but much more frequent. Our journey was +somewhat farther than from London to St. Alban’s. My master alighted at +an inn which he used to frequent; and after consulting a while with the +inn-keeper, and making some necessary preparations, he hired the +_grultrud_, or crier, to give notice through the town of a strange +creature to be seen at the sign of the Green Eagle, not so big as a +_splacnuck_ (an animal in that country very finely shaped, about six +feet long,) and in every part of the body resembling a human creature, +could speak several words, and perform a hundred diverting tricks. + +I was placed upon a table in the largest room of the inn, which might +be near three hundred feet square. My little nurse stood on a low stool +close to the table, to take care of me, and direct what I should do. My +master, to avoid a crowd, would suffer only thirty people at a time to +see me. I walked about on the table as the girl commanded; she asked me +questions, as far as she knew my understanding of the language reached, +and I answered them as loud as I could. I turned about several times to +the company, paid my humble respects, said _they were welcome_, and +used some other speeches I had been taught. I took up a thimble filled +with liquor, which Glumdalclitch had given me for a cup, and drank +their health, I drew out my hanger, and flourished with it after the +manner of fencers in England. My nurse gave me a part of a straw, which +I exercised as a pike, having learnt the art in my youth. I was that +day shown to twelve sets of company, and as often forced to act over +again the same fopperies, till I was half dead with weariness and +vexation; for those who had seen me made such wonderful reports, that +the people were ready to break down the doors to come in. My master, +for his own interest, would not suffer any one to touch me except my +nurse; and to prevent danger, benches were set round the table at such +a distance as to put me out of every body’s reach. However, an unlucky +school-boy aimed a hazel nut directly at my head, which very narrowly +missed me; otherwise it came with so much violence, that it would have +infallibly knocked out my brains, for it was almost as large as a small +pumpkin, but I had the satisfaction to see the young rogue well beaten, +and turned out of the room. + +My master gave public notice that he would show me again the next +market-day; and in the meantime he prepared a convenient vehicle for +me, which he had reason enough to do; for I was so tired with my first +journey, and with entertaining company for eight hours together, that I +could hardly stand upon my legs, or speak a word. It was at least three +days before I recovered my strength; and that I might have no rest at +home, all the neighbouring gentlemen from a hundred miles round, +hearing of my fame, came to see me at my master’s own house. There +could not be fewer than thirty persons with their wives and children +(for the country is very populous;) and my master demanded the rate of +a full room whenever he showed me at home, although it were only to a +single family; so that for some time I had but little ease every day of +the week (except Wednesday, which is their Sabbath,) although I were +not carried to the town. + +My master, finding how profitable I was likely to be, resolved to carry +me to the most considerable cities of the kingdom. Having therefore +provided himself with all things necessary for a long journey, and +settled his affairs at home, he took leave of his wife, and upon the +17th of August, 1703, about two months after my arrival, we set out for +the metropolis, situated near the middle of that empire, and about +three thousand miles distance from our house. My master made his +daughter Glumdalclitch ride behind him. She carried me on her lap, in a +box tied about her waist. The girl had lined it on all sides with the +softest cloth she could get, well quilted underneath, furnished it with +her baby’s bed, provided me with linen and other necessaries, and made +everything as convenient as she could. We had no other company but a +boy of the house, who rode after us with the luggage. + +My master’s design was to show me in all the towns by the way, and to +step out of the road for fifty or a hundred miles, to any village, or +person of quality’s house, where he might expect custom. We made easy +journeys, of not above seven or eight score miles a day; for +Glumdalclitch, on purpose to spare me, complained she was tired with +the trotting of the horse. She often took me out of my box, at my own +desire, to give me air, and show me the country, but always held me +fast by a leading-string. We passed over five or six rivers, many +degrees broader and deeper than the Nile or the Ganges: and there was +hardly a rivulet so small as the Thames at London Bridge. We were ten +weeks in our journey, and I was shown in eighteen large towns, besides +many villages, and private families. + +On the 26th day of October we arrived at the metropolis, called in +their language _Lorbrulgrud_, or Pride of the Universe. My master took +a lodging in the principal street of the city, not far from the royal +palace, and put out bills in the usual form, containing an exact +description of my person and parts. He hired a large room between three +and four hundred feet wide. He provided a table sixty feet in diameter, +upon which I was to act my part, and pallisadoed it round three feet +from the edge, and as many high, to prevent my falling over. I was +shown ten times a day, to the wonder and satisfaction of all people. I +could now speak the language tolerably well, and perfectly understood +every word, that was spoken to me. Besides, I had learnt their +alphabet, and could make a shift to explain a sentence here and there; +for Glumdalclitch had been my instructor while we were at home, and at +leisure hours during our journey. She carried a little book in her +pocket, not much larger than a Sanson’s Atlas; it was a common treatise +for the use of young girls, giving a short account of their religion: +out of this she taught me my letters, and interpreted the words. + + +CHAPTER III. + +The author sent for to court. The queen buys him of his master the +farmer, and presents him to the king. He disputes with his majesty’s +great scholars. An apartment at court provided for the author. He is in +high favour with the queen. He stands up for the honour of his own +country. His quarrels with the queen’s dwarf. + + +The frequent labours I underwent every day, made, in a few weeks, a +very considerable change in my health: the more my master got by me, +the more insatiable he grew. I had quite lost my stomach, and was +almost reduced to a skeleton. The farmer observed it, and concluding I +must soon die, resolved to make as good a hand of me as he could. While +he was thus reasoning and resolving with himself, a _sardral_, or +gentleman-usher, came from court, commanding my master to carry me +immediately thither for the diversion of the queen and her ladies. Some +of the latter had already been to see me, and reported strange things +of my beauty, behaviour, and good sense. Her majesty, and those who +attended her, were beyond measure delighted with my demeanour. I fell +on my knees, and begged the honour of kissing her imperial foot; but +this gracious princess held out her little finger towards me, after I +was set on the table, which I embraced in both my arms, and put the tip +of it with the utmost respect to my lip. She made me some general +questions about my country and my travels, which I answered as +distinctly, and in as few words as I could. She asked, “whether I could +be content to live at court?” I bowed down to the board of the table, +and humbly answered “that I was my master’s slave: but, if I were at my +own disposal, I should be proud to devote my life to her majesty’s +service.” She then asked my master, “whether he was willing to sell me +at a good price?” He, who apprehended I could not live a month, was +ready enough to part with me, and demanded a thousand pieces of gold, +which were ordered him on the spot, each piece being about the bigness +of eight hundred moidores; but allowing for the proportion of all +things between that country and Europe, and the high price of gold +among them, was hardly so great a sum as a thousand guineas would be in +England. I then said to the queen, “since I was now her majesty’s most +humble creature and vassal, I must beg the favour, that Glumdalclitch, +who had always tended me with so much care and kindness, and understood +to do it so well, might be admitted into her service, and continue to +be my nurse and instructor.” + +Her majesty agreed to my petition, and easily got the farmer’s consent, +who was glad enough to have his daughter preferred at court, and the +poor girl herself was not able to hide her joy. My late master +withdrew, bidding me farewell, and saying he had left me in a good +service; to which I replied not a word, only making him a slight bow. + +The queen observed my coldness; and, when the farmer was gone out of +the apartment, asked me the reason. I made bold to tell her majesty, +“that I owed no other obligation to my late master, than his not +dashing out the brains of a poor harmless creature, found by chance in +his fields: which obligation was amply recompensed, by the gain he had +made in showing me through half the kingdom, and the price he had now +sold me for. That the life I had since led was laborious enough to kill +an animal of ten times my strength. That my health was much impaired, +by the continual drudgery of entertaining the rabble every hour of the +day; and that, if my master had not thought my life in danger, her +majesty would not have got so cheap a bargain. But as I was out of all +fear of being ill-treated under the protection of so great and good an +empress, the ornament of nature, the darling of the world, the delight +of her subjects, the phœnix of the creation, so I hoped my late +master’s apprehensions would appear to be groundless; for I already +found my spirits revive, by the influence of her most august presence.” + +This was the sum of my speech, delivered with great improprieties and +hesitation. The latter part was altogether framed in the style peculiar +to that people, whereof I learned some phrases from Glumdalclitch, +while she was carrying me to court. + +The queen, giving great allowance for my defectiveness in speaking, +was, however, surprised at so much wit and good sense in so diminutive +an animal. She took me in her own hand, and carried me to the king, who +was then retired to his cabinet. His majesty, a prince of much gravity +and austere countenance, not well observing my shape at first view, +asked the queen after a cold manner “how long it was since she grew +fond of a _splacnuck_?” for such it seems he took me to be, as I lay +upon my breast in her majesty’s right hand. But this princess, who has +an infinite deal of wit and humour, set me gently on my feet upon the +scrutoire, and commanded me to give his majesty an account of myself, +which I did in a very few words: and Glumdalclitch who attended at the +cabinet door, and could not endure I should be out of her sight, being +admitted, confirmed all that had passed from my arrival at her father’s +house. + +The king, although he be as learned a person as any in his dominions, +had been educated in the study of philosophy, and particularly +mathematics; yet when he observed my shape exactly, and saw me walk +erect, before I began to speak, conceived I might be a piece of +clock-work (which is in that country arrived to a very great +perfection) contrived by some ingenious artist. But when he heard my +voice, and found what I delivered to be regular and rational, he could +not conceal his astonishment. He was by no means satisfied with the +relation I gave him of the manner I came into his kingdom, but thought +it a story concerted between Glumdalclitch and her father, who had +taught me a set of words to make me sell at a better price. Upon this +imagination, he put several other questions to me, and still received +rational answers: no otherwise defective than by a foreign accent, and +an imperfect knowledge in the language, with some rustic phrases which +I had learned at the farmer’s house, and did not suit the polite style +of a court. + +His majesty sent for three great scholars, who were then in their +weekly waiting, according to the custom in that country. These +gentlemen, after they had a while examined my shape with much nicety, +were of different opinions concerning me. They all agreed that I could +not be produced according to the regular laws of nature, because I was +not framed with a capacity of preserving my life, either by swiftness, +or climbing of trees, or digging holes in the earth. They observed by +my teeth, which they viewed with great exactness, that I was a +carnivorous animal; yet most quadrupeds being an overmatch for me, and +field mice, with some others, too nimble, they could not imagine how I +should be able to support myself, unless I fed upon snails and other +insects, which they offered, by many learned arguments, to evince that +I could not possibly do. One of these virtuosi seemed to think that I +might be an embryo, or abortive birth. But this opinion was rejected by +the other two, who observed my limbs to be perfect and finished; and +that I had lived several years, as it was manifest from my beard, the +stumps whereof they plainly discovered through a magnifying glass. They +would not allow me to be a dwarf, because my littleness was beyond all +degrees of comparison; for the queen’s favourite dwarf, the smallest +ever known in that kingdom, was near thirty feet high. After much +debate, they concluded unanimously, that I was only _relplum scalcath_, +which is interpreted literally _lusus naturæ_; a determination exactly +agreeable to the modern philosophy of Europe, whose professors, +disdaining the old evasion of occult causes, whereby the followers of +Aristotle endeavoured in vain to disguise their ignorance, have +invented this wonderful solution of all difficulties, to the +unspeakable advancement of human knowledge. + +After this decisive conclusion, I entreated to be heard a word or two. +I applied myself to the king, and assured his majesty, “that I came +from a country which abounded with several millions of both sexes, and +of my own stature; where the animals, trees, and houses, were all in +proportion, and where, by consequence, I might be as able to defend +myself, and to find sustenance, as any of his majesty’s subjects could +do here; which I took for a full answer to those gentlemen’s +arguments.” To this they only replied with a smile of contempt, saying, +“that the farmer had instructed me very well in my lesson.” The king, +who had a much better understanding, dismissing his learned men, sent +for the farmer, who by good fortune was not yet gone out of town. +Having therefore first examined him privately, and then confronted him +with me and the young girl, his majesty began to think that what we +told him might possibly be true. He desired the queen to order that a +particular care should be taken of me; and was of opinion that +Glumdalclitch should still continue in her office of tending me, +because he observed we had a great affection for each other. A +convenient apartment was provided for her at court: she had a sort of +governess appointed to take care of her education, a maid to dress her, +and two other servants for menial offices; but the care of me was +wholly appropriated to herself. The queen commanded her own +cabinet-maker to contrive a box, that might serve me for a bedchamber, +after the model that Glumdalclitch and I should agree upon. This man +was a most ingenious artist, and according to my direction, in three +weeks finished for me a wooden chamber of sixteen feet square, and +twelve high, with sash-windows, a door, and two closets, like a London +bed-chamber. The board, that made the ceiling, was to be lifted up and +down by two hinges, to put in a bed ready furnished by her majesty’s +upholsterer, which Glumdalclitch took out every day to air, made it +with her own hands, and letting it down at night, locked up the roof +over me. A nice workman, who was famous for little curiosities, +undertook to make me two chairs, with backs and frames, of a substance +not unlike ivory, and two tables, with a cabinet to put my things in. +The room was quilted on all sides, as well as the floor and the +ceiling, to prevent any accident from the carelessness of those who +carried me, and to break the force of a jolt, when I went in a coach. I +desired a lock for my door, to prevent rats and mice from coming in. +The smith, after several attempts, made the smallest that ever was seen +among them, for I have known a larger at the gate of a gentleman’s +house in England. I made a shift to keep the key in a pocket of my own, +fearing Glumdalclitch might lose it. The queen likewise ordered the +thinnest silks that could be gotten, to make me clothes, not much +thicker than an English blanket, very cumbersome till I was accustomed +to them. They were after the fashion of the kingdom, partly resembling +the Persian, and partly the Chinese, and are a very grave and decent +habit. + +The queen became so fond of my company, that she could not dine without +me. I had a table placed upon the same at which her majesty ate, just +at her left elbow, and a chair to sit on. Glumdalclitch stood on a +stool on the floor near my table, to assist and take care of me. I had +an entire set of silver dishes and plates, and other necessaries, +which, in proportion to those of the queen, were not much bigger than +what I have seen in a London toy-shop for the furniture of a +baby-house: these my little nurse kept in her pocket in a silver box, +and gave me at meals as I wanted them, always cleaning them herself. No +person dined with the queen but the two princesses royal, the eldest +sixteen years old, and the younger at that time thirteen and a month. +Her majesty used to put a bit of meat upon one of my dishes, out of +which I carved for myself, and her diversion was to see me eat in +miniature: for the queen (who had indeed but a weak stomach) took up, +at one mouthful, as much as a dozen English farmers could eat at a +meal, which to me was for some time a very nauseous sight. She would +craunch the wing of a lark, bones and all, between her teeth, although +it were nine times as large as that of a full-grown turkey; and put a +bit of bread into her mouth as big as two twelve-penny loaves. She +drank out of a golden cup, above a hogshead at a draught. Her knives +were twice as long as a scythe, set straight upon the handle. The +spoons, forks, and other instruments, were all in the same proportion. +I remember when Glumdalclitch carried me, out of curiosity, to see some +of the tables at court, where ten or a dozen of those enormous knives +and forks were lifted up together, I thought I had never till then +beheld so terrible a sight. + +It is the custom, that every Wednesday (which, as I have observed, is +their Sabbath) the king and queen, with the royal issue of both sexes, +dine together in the apartment of his majesty, to whom I was now become +a great favourite; and at these times, my little chair and table were +placed at his left hand, before one of the salt-cellars. This prince +took a pleasure in conversing with me, inquiring into the manners, +religion, laws, government, and learning of Europe; wherein I gave him +the best account I was able. His apprehension was so clear, and his +judgment so exact, that he made very wise reflections and observations +upon all I said. But I confess, that, after I had been a little too +copious in talking of my own beloved country, of our trade and wars by +sea and land, of our schisms in religion, and parties in the state; the +prejudices of his education prevailed so far, that he could not forbear +taking me up in his right hand, and stroking me gently with the other, +after a hearty fit of laughing, asked me, “whether I was a whig or +tory?” Then turning to his first minister, who waited behind him with a +white staff, near as tall as the mainmast of the Royal Sovereign, he +observed “how contemptible a thing was human grandeur, which could be +mimicked by such diminutive insects as I: and yet,” says he, “I dare +engage these creatures have their titles and distinctions of honour; +they contrive little nests and burrows, that they call houses and +cities; they make a figure in dress and equipage; they love, they +fight, they dispute, they cheat, they betray!” And thus he continued +on, while my colour came and went several times, with indignation, to +hear our noble country, the mistress of arts and arms, the scourge of +France, the arbitress of Europe, the seat of virtue, piety, honour, and +truth, the pride and envy of the world, so contemptuously treated. + +But as I was not in a condition to resent injuries, so upon mature +thoughts I began to doubt whether I was injured or no. For, after +having been accustomed several months to the sight and converse of this +people, and observed every object upon which I cast my eyes to be of +proportionable magnitude, the horror I had at first conceived from +their bulk and aspect was so far worn off, that if I had then beheld a +company of English lords and ladies in their finery and birth-day +clothes, acting their several parts in the most courtly manner of +strutting, and bowing, and prating, to say the truth, I should have +been strongly tempted to laugh as much at them as the king and his +grandees did at me. Neither, indeed, could I forbear smiling at myself, +when the queen used to place me upon her hand towards a looking-glass, +by which both our persons appeared before me in full view together; and +there could be nothing more ridiculous than the comparison; so that I +really began to imagine myself dwindled many degrees below my usual +size. + +Nothing angered and mortified me so much as the queen’s dwarf; who +being of the lowest stature that was ever in that country (for I verily +think he was not full thirty feet high), became so insolent at seeing a +creature so much beneath him, that he would always affect to swagger +and look big as he passed by me in the queen’s antechamber, while I was +standing on some table talking with the lords or ladies of the court, +and he seldom failed of a smart word or two upon my littleness; against +which I could only revenge myself by calling him brother, challenging +him to wrestle, and such repartees as are usually in the mouths of +court pages. One day, at dinner, this malicious little cub was so +nettled with something I had said to him, that, raising himself upon +the frame of her majesty’s chair, he took me up by the middle, as I was +sitting down, not thinking any harm, and let me drop into a large +silver bowl of cream, and then ran away as fast as he could. I fell +over head and ears, and, if I had not been a good swimmer, it might +have gone very hard with me; for Glumdalclitch in that instant happened +to be at the other end of the room, and the queen was in such a fright, +that she wanted presence of mind to assist me. But my little nurse ran +to my relief, and took me out, after I had swallowed above a quart of +cream. I was put to bed: however, I received no other damage than the +loss of a suit of clothes, which was utterly spoiled. The dwarf was +soundly whipt, and as a farther punishment, forced to drink up the bowl +of cream into which he had thrown me: neither was he ever restored to +favour; for soon after the queen bestowed him on a lady of high +quality, so that I saw him no more, to my very great satisfaction; for +I could not tell to what extremities such a malicious urchin might have +carried his resentment. + +He had before served me a scurvy trick, which set the queen a-laughing, +although at the same time she was heartily vexed, and would have +immediately cashiered him, if I had not been so generous as to +intercede. Her majesty had taken a marrow-bone upon her plate, and, +after knocking out the marrow, placed the bone again in the dish erect, +as it stood before; the dwarf, watching his opportunity, while +Glumdalclitch was gone to the side-board, mounted the stool that she +stood on to take care of me at meals, took me up in both hands, and +squeezing my legs together, wedged them into the marrow bone above my +waist, where I stuck for some time, and made a very ridiculous figure. +I believe it was near a minute before any one knew what was become of +me; for I thought it below me to cry out. But, as princes seldom get +their meat hot, my legs were not scalded, only my stockings and +breeches in a sad condition. The dwarf, at my entreaty, had no other +punishment than a sound whipping. + +I was frequently rallied by the queen upon account of my fearfulness; +and she used to ask me whether the people of my country were as great +cowards as myself? The occasion was this: the kingdom is much pestered +with flies in summer; and these odious insects, each of them as big as +a Dunstable lark, hardly gave me any rest while I sat at dinner, with +their continual humming and buzzing about mine ears. They would +sometimes alight upon my victuals, and leave their loathsome excrement, +or spawn behind, which to me was very visible, though not to the +natives of that country, whose large optics were not so acute as mine, +in viewing smaller objects. Sometimes they would fix upon my nose, or +forehead, where they stung me to the quick, smelling very offensively; +and I could easily trace that viscous matter, which, our naturalists +tell us, enables those creatures to walk with their feet upwards upon a +ceiling. I had much ado to defend myself against these detestable +animals, and could not forbear starting when they came on my face. It +was the common practice of the dwarf, to catch a number of these +insects in his hand, as schoolboys do among us, and let them out +suddenly under my nose, on purpose to frighten me, and divert the +queen. My remedy was to cut them in pieces with my knife, as they flew +in the air, wherein my dexterity was much admired. + +I remember, one morning, when Glumdalclitch had set me in a box upon a +window, as she usually did in fair days to give me air (for I durst not +venture to let the box be hung on a nail out of the window, as we do +with cages in England), after I had lifted up one of my sashes, and sat +down at my table to eat a piece of sweet cake for my breakfast, above +twenty wasps, allured by the smell, came flying into the room, humming +louder than the drones of as many bagpipes. Some of them seized my +cake, and carried it piecemeal away; others flew about my head and +face, confounding me with the noise, and putting me in the utmost +terror of their stings. However, I had the courage to rise and draw my +hanger, and attack them in the air. I dispatched four of them, but the +rest got away, and I presently shut my window. These insects were as +large as partridges: I took out their stings, found them an inch and a +half long, and as sharp as needles. I carefully preserved them all; and +having since shown them, with some other curiosities, in several parts +of Europe, upon my return to England I gave three of them to Gresham +College, and kept the fourth for myself. + + +CHAPTER IV. + +The country described. A proposal for correcting modern maps. The +king’s palace; and some account of the metropolis. The author’s way of +travelling. The chief temple described. + + +I now intend to give the reader a short description of this country, as +far as I travelled in it, which was not above two thousand miles round +Lorbrulgrud, the metropolis. For the queen, whom I always attended, +never went farther when she accompanied the king in his progresses, and +there staid till his majesty returned from viewing his frontiers. The +whole extent of this prince’s dominions reaches about six thousand +miles in length, and from three to five in breadth: whence I cannot but +conclude, that our geographers of Europe are in a great error, by +supposing nothing but sea between Japan and California; for it was ever +my opinion, that there must be a balance of earth to counterpoise the +great continent of Tartary; and therefore they ought to correct their +maps and charts, by joining this vast tract of land to the north-west +parts of America, wherein I shall be ready to lend them my assistance. + +The kingdom is a peninsula, terminated to the north-east by a ridge of +mountains thirty miles high, which are altogether impassable, by reason +of the volcanoes upon the tops: neither do the most learned know what +sort of mortals inhabit beyond those mountains, or whether they be +inhabited at all. On the three other sides, it is bounded by the ocean. +There is not one seaport in the whole kingdom: and those parts of the +coasts into which the rivers issue, are so full of pointed rocks, and +the sea generally so rough, that there is no venturing with the +smallest of their boats; so that these people are wholly excluded from +any commerce with the rest of the world. But the large rivers are full +of vessels, and abound with excellent fish; for they seldom get any +from the sea, because the sea fish are of the same size with those in +Europe, and consequently not worth catching; whereby it is manifest, +that nature, in the production of plants and animals of so +extraordinary a bulk, is wholly confined to this continent, of which I +leave the reasons to be determined by philosophers. However, now and +then they take a whale that happens to be dashed against the rocks, +which the common people feed on heartily. These whales I have known so +large, that a man could hardly carry one upon his shoulders; and +sometimes, for curiosity, they are brought in hampers to Lorbrulgrud; I +saw one of them in a dish at the king’s table, which passed for a +rarity, but I did not observe he was fond of it; for I think, indeed, +the bigness disgusted him, although I have seen one somewhat larger in +Greenland. + +The country is well inhabited, for it contains fifty-one cities, near a +hundred walled towns, and a great number of villages. To satisfy my +curious reader, it may be sufficient to describe Lorbrulgrud. This city +stands upon almost two equal parts, on each side the river that passes +through. It contains above eighty thousand houses, and about six +hundred thousand inhabitants. It is in length three _glomglungs_ (which +make about fifty-four English miles,) and two and a half in breadth; as +I measured it myself in the royal map made by the king’s order, which +was laid on the ground on purpose for me, and extended a hundred feet: +I paced the diameter and circumference several times barefoot, and, +computing by the scale, measured it pretty exactly. + +The king’s palace is no regular edifice, but a heap of buildings, about +seven miles round: the chief rooms are generally two hundred and forty +feet high, and broad and long in proportion. A coach was allowed to +Glumdalclitch and me, wherein her governess frequently took her out to +see the town, or go among the shops; and I was always of the party, +carried in my box; although the girl, at my own desire, would often +take me out, and hold me in her hand, that I might more conveniently +view the houses and the people, as we passed along the streets. I +reckoned our coach to be about a square of Westminster-hall, but not +altogether so high: however, I cannot be very exact. One day the +governess ordered our coachman to stop at several shops, where the +beggars, watching their opportunity, crowded to the sides of the coach, +and gave me the most horrible spectacle that ever a European eye +beheld. There was a woman with a cancer in her breast, swelled to a +monstrous size, full of holes, in two or three of which I could have +easily crept, and covered my whole body. There was a fellow with a wen +in his neck, larger than five wool-packs; and another, with a couple of +wooden legs, each about twenty feet high. But the most hateful sight of +all, was the lice crawling on their clothes. I could see distinctly the +limbs of these vermin with my naked eye, much better than those of a +European louse through a microscope, and their snouts with which they +rooted like swine. They were the first I had ever beheld, and I should +have been curious enough to dissect one of them, if I had had proper +instruments, which I unluckily left behind me in the ship, although, +indeed, the sight was so nauseous, that it perfectly turned my stomach. + +Besides the large box in which I was usually carried, the queen ordered +a smaller one to be made for me, of about twelve feet square, and ten +high, for the convenience of travelling; because the other was somewhat +too large for Glumdalclitch’s lap, and cumbersome in the coach; it was +made by the same artist, whom I directed in the whole contrivance. This +travelling-closet was an exact square, with a window in the middle of +three of the squares, and each window was latticed with iron wire on +the outside, to prevent accidents in long journeys. On the fourth side, +which had no window, two strong staples were fixed, through which the +person that carried me, when I had a mind to be on horseback, put a +leathern belt, and buckled it about his waist. This was always the +office of some grave trusty servant, in whom I could confide, whether I +attended the king and queen in their progresses, or were disposed to +see the gardens, or pay a visit to some great lady or minister of state +in the court, when Glumdalclitch happened to be out of order; for I +soon began to be known and esteemed among the greatest officers, I +suppose more upon account of their majesties’ favour, than any merit of +my own. In journeys, when I was weary of the coach, a servant on +horseback would buckle on my box, and place it upon a cushion before +him; and there I had a full prospect of the country on three sides, +from my three windows. I had, in this closet, a field-bed and a +hammock, hung from the ceiling, two chairs and a table, neatly screwed +to the floor, to prevent being tossed about by the agitation of the +horse or the coach. And having been long used to sea-voyages, those +motions, although sometimes very violent, did not much discompose me. + +Whenever I had a mind to see the town, it was always in my +travelling-closet; which Glumdalclitch held in her lap in a kind of +open sedan, after the fashion of the country, borne by four men, and +attended by two others in the queen’s livery. The people, who had often +heard of me, were very curious to crowd about the sedan, and the girl +was complaisant enough to make the bearers stop, and to take me in her +hand, that I might be more conveniently seen. + +I was very desirous to see the chief temple, and particularly the tower +belonging to it, which is reckoned the highest in the kingdom. +Accordingly one day my nurse carried me thither, but I may truly say I +came back disappointed; for the height is not above three thousand +feet, reckoning from the ground to the highest pinnacle top; which, +allowing for the difference between the size of those people and us in +Europe, is no great matter for admiration, nor at all equal in +proportion (if I rightly remember) to Salisbury steeple. But, not to +detract from a nation, to which, during my life, I shall acknowledge +myself extremely obliged, it must be allowed, that whatever this famous +tower wants in height, is amply made up in beauty and strength: for the +walls are near a hundred feet thick, built of hewn stone, whereof each +is about forty feet square, and adorned on all sides with statues of +gods and emperors, cut in marble, larger than the life, placed in their +several niches. I measured a little finger which had fallen down from +one of these statues, and lay unperceived among some rubbish, and found +it exactly four feet and an inch in length. Glumdalclitch wrapped it up +in her handkerchief, and carried it home in her pocket, to keep among +other trinkets, of which the girl was very fond, as children at her age +usually are. + +The king’s kitchen is indeed a noble building, vaulted at top, and +about six hundred feet high. The great oven is not so wide, by ten +paces, as the cupola at St. Paul’s: for I measured the latter on +purpose, after my return. But if I should describe the kitchen grate, +the prodigious pots and kettles, the joints of meat turning on the +spits, with many other particulars, perhaps I should be hardly +believed; at least a severe critic would be apt to think I enlarged a +little, as travellers are often suspected to do. To avoid which censure +I fear I have run too much into the other extreme; and that if this +treatise should happen to be translated into the language of +Brobdingnag (which is the general name of that kingdom,) and +transmitted thither, the king and his people would have reason to +complain that I had done them an injury, by a false and diminutive +representation. + +His majesty seldom keeps above six hundred horses in his stables: they +are generally from fifty-four to sixty feet high. But, when he goes +abroad on solemn days, he is attended, for state, by a military guard +of five hundred horse, which, indeed, I thought was the most splendid +sight that could be ever beheld, till I saw part of his army in +battalia, whereof I shall find another occasion to speak. + + +CHAPTER V. + +Several adventures that happened to the author. The execution of a +criminal. The author shows his skill in navigation. + + +I should have lived happy enough in that country, if my littleness had +not exposed me to several ridiculous and troublesome accidents; some of +which I shall venture to relate. Glumdalclitch often carried me into +the gardens of the court in my smaller box, and would sometimes take me +out of it, and hold me in her hand, or set me down to walk. I remember, +before the dwarf left the queen, he followed us one day into those +gardens, and my nurse having set me down, he and I being close +together, near some dwarf apple trees, I must needs show my wit, by a +silly allusion between him and the trees, which happens to hold in +their language as it does in ours. Whereupon, the malicious rogue, +watching his opportunity, when I was walking under one of them, shook +it directly over my head, by which a dozen apples, each of them near as +large as a Bristol barrel, came tumbling about my ears; one of them hit +me on the back as I chanced to stoop, and knocked me down flat on my +face; but I received no other hurt, and the dwarf was pardoned at my +desire, because I had given the provocation. + +Another day, Glumdalclitch left me on a smooth grass-plot to divert +myself, while she walked at some distance with her governess. In the +meantime, there suddenly fell such a violent shower of hail, that I was +immediately by the force of it, struck to the ground: and when I was +down, the hailstones gave me such cruel bangs all over the body, as if +I had been pelted with tennis-balls; however, I made a shift to creep +on all fours, and shelter myself, by lying flat on my face, on the +lee-side of a border of lemon-thyme, but so bruised from head to foot, +that I could not go abroad in ten days. Neither is this at all to be +wondered at, because nature, in that country, observing the same +proportion through all her operations, a hailstone is near eighteen +hundred times as large as one in Europe; which I can assert upon +experience, having been so curious as to weigh and measure them. + +But a more dangerous accident happened to me in the same garden, when +my little nurse, believing she had put me in a secure place (which I +often entreated her to do, that I might enjoy my own thoughts,) and +having left my box at home, to avoid the trouble of carrying it, went +to another part of the garden with her governess and some ladies of her +acquaintance. While she was absent, and out of hearing, a small white +spaniel that belonged to one of the chief gardeners, having got by +accident into the garden, happened to range near the place where I lay: +the dog, following the scent, came directly up, and taking me in his +mouth, ran straight to his master wagging his tail, and set me gently +on the ground. By good fortune he had been so well taught, that I was +carried between his teeth without the least hurt, or even tearing my +clothes. But the poor gardener, who knew me well, and had a great +kindness for me, was in a terrible fright: he gently took me up in both +his hands, and asked me how I did? but I was so amazed and out of +breath, that I could not speak a word. In a few minutes I came to +myself, and he carried me safe to my little nurse, who, by this time, +had returned to the place where she left me, and was in cruel agonies +when I did not appear, nor answer when she called. She severely +reprimanded the gardener on account of his dog. But the thing was +hushed up, and never known at court, for the girl was afraid of the +queen’s anger; and truly, as to myself, I thought it would not be for +my reputation, that such a story should go about. + +This accident absolutely determined Glumdalclitch never to trust me +abroad for the future out of her sight. I had been long afraid of this +resolution, and therefore concealed from her some little unlucky +adventures, that happened in those times when I was left by myself. +Once a kite, hovering over the garden, made a stoop at me, and if I had +not resolutely drawn my hanger, and run under a thick espalier, he +would have certainly carried me away in his talons. Another time, +walking to the top of a fresh mole-hill, I fell to my neck in the hole, +through which that animal had cast up the earth, and coined some lie, +not worth remembering, to excuse myself for spoiling my clothes. I +likewise broke my right shin against the shell of a snail, which I +happened to stumble over, as I was walking alone and thinking on poor +England. + +I cannot tell whether I were more pleased or mortified to observe, in +those solitary walks, that the smaller birds did not appear to be at +all afraid of me, but would hop about within a yard’s distance, looking +for worms and other food, with as much indifference and security as if +no creature at all were near them. I remember, a thrush had the +confidence to snatch out of my hand, with his bill, a piece of cake +that Glumdalclitch had just given me for my breakfast. When I attempted +to catch any of these birds, they would boldly turn against me, +endeavouring to peck my fingers, which I durst not venture within their +reach; and then they would hop back unconcerned, to hunt for worms or +snails, as they did before. But one day, I took a thick cudgel, and +threw it with all my strength so luckily, at a linnet, that I knocked +him down, and seizing him by the neck with both my hands, ran with him +in triumph to my nurse. However, the bird, who had only been stunned, +recovering himself gave me so many boxes with his wings, on both sides +of my head and body, though I held him at arm’s length, and was out of +the reach of his claws, that I was twenty times thinking to let him go. +But I was soon relieved by one of our servants, who wrung off the +bird’s neck, and I had him next day for dinner, by the queen’s command. +This linnet, as near as I can remember, seemed to be somewhat larger +than an English swan. + +The maids of honour often invited Glumdalclitch to their apartments, +and desired she would bring me along with her, on purpose to have the +pleasure of seeing and touching me. They would often strip me naked +from top to toe, and lay me at full length in their bosoms; wherewith I +was much disgusted because, to say the truth, a very offensive smell +came from their skins; which I do not mention, or intend, to the +disadvantage of those excellent ladies, for whom I have all manner of +respect; but I conceive that my sense was more acute in proportion to +my littleness, and that those illustrious persons were no more +disagreeable to their lovers, or to each other, than people of the same +quality are with us in England. And, after all, I found their natural +smell was much more supportable, than when they used perfumes, under +which I immediately swooned away. I cannot forget, that an intimate +friend of mine in Lilliput, took the freedom in a warm day, when I had +used a good deal of exercise, to complain of a strong smell about me, +although I am as little faulty that way, as most of my sex: but I +suppose his faculty of smelling was as nice with regard to me, as mine +was to that of this people. Upon this point, I cannot forbear doing +justice to the queen my mistress, and Glumdalclitch my nurse, whose +persons were as sweet as those of any lady in England. + +That which gave me most uneasiness among these maids of honour (when my +nurse carried me to visit them) was, to see them use me without any +manner of ceremony, like a creature who had no sort of consequence: for +they would strip themselves to the skin, and put on their smocks in my +presence, while I was placed on their toilet, directly before their +naked bodies, which I am sure to me was very far from being a tempting +sight, or from giving me any other emotions than those of horror and +disgust: their skins appeared so coarse and uneven, so variously +coloured, when I saw them near, with a mole here and there as broad as +a trencher, and hairs hanging from it thicker than packthreads, to say +nothing farther concerning the rest of their persons. Neither did they +at all scruple, while I was by, to discharge what they had drank, to +the quantity of at least two hogsheads, in a vessel that held above +three tuns. The handsomest among these maids of honour, a pleasant, +frolicsome girl of sixteen, would sometimes set me astride upon one of +her nipples, with many other tricks, wherein the reader will excuse me +for not being over particular. But I was so much displeased, that I +entreated Glumdalclitch to contrive some excuse for not seeing that +young lady any more. + +One day, a young gentleman, who was nephew to my nurse’s governess, +came and pressed them both to see an execution. It was of a man, who +had murdered one of that gentleman’s intimate acquaintance. +Glumdalclitch was prevailed on to be of the company, very much against +her inclination, for she was naturally tender-hearted: and, as for +myself, although I abhorred such kind of spectacles, yet my curiosity +tempted me to see something that I thought must be extraordinary. The +malefactor was fixed in a chair upon a scaffold erected for that +purpose, and his head cut off at one blow, with a sword of about forty +feet long. The veins and arteries spouted up such a prodigious quantity +of blood, and so high in the air, that the great _jet d’eau_ at +Versailles was not equal to it for the time it lasted: and the head, +when it fell on the scaffold floor, gave such a bounce as made me +start, although I was at least half an English mile distant. + +The queen, who often used to hear me talk of my sea-voyages, and took +all occasions to divert me when I was melancholy, asked me whether I +understood how to handle a sail or an oar, and whether a little +exercise of rowing might not be convenient for my health? I answered, +that I understood both very well: for although my proper employment had +been to be surgeon or doctor to the ship, yet often, upon a pinch, I +was forced to work like a common mariner. But I could not see how this +could be done in their country, where the smallest wherry was equal to +a first-rate man of war among us; and such a boat as I could manage +would never live in any of their rivers. Her majesty said, if I would +contrive a boat, her own joiner should make it, and she would provide a +place for me to sail in. The fellow was an ingenious workman, and by my +instructions, in ten days, finished a pleasure-boat with all its +tackling, able conveniently to hold eight Europeans. When it was +finished, the queen was so delighted, that she ran with it in her lap +to the king, who ordered it to be put into a cistern full of water, +with me in it, by way of trial, where I could not manage my two sculls, +or little oars, for want of room. But the queen had before contrived +another project. She ordered the joiner to make a wooden trough of +three hundred feet long, fifty broad, and eight deep; which, being well +pitched, to prevent leaking, was placed on the floor, along the wall, +in an outer room of the palace. It had a cock near the bottom to let +out the water, when it began to grow stale; and two servants could +easily fill it in half an hour. Here I often used to row for my own +diversion, as well as that of the queen and her ladies, who thought +themselves well entertained with my skill and agility. Sometimes I +would put up my sail, and then my business was only to steer, while the +ladies gave me a gale with their fans; and, when they were weary, some +of their pages would blow my sail forward with their breath, while I +showed my art by steering starboard or larboard as I pleased. When I +had done, Glumdalclitch always carried back my boat into her closet, +and hung it on a nail to dry. + +In this exercise I once met an accident, which had like to have cost me +my life; for, one of the pages having put my boat into the trough, the +governess who attended Glumdalclitch very officiously lifted me up, to +place me in the boat: but I happened to slip through her fingers, and +should infallibly have fallen down forty feet upon the floor, if, by +the luckiest chance in the world, I had not been stopped by a +corking-pin that stuck in the good gentlewoman’s stomacher; the head of +the pin passing between my shirt and the waistband of my breeches, and +thus I was held by the middle in the air, till Glumdalclitch ran to my +relief. + +Another time, one of the servants, whose office it was to fill my +trough every third day with fresh water, was so careless as to let a +huge frog (not perceiving it) slip out of his pail. The frog lay +concealed till I was put into my boat, but then, seeing a +resting-place, climbed up, and made it lean so much on one side, that I +was forced to balance it with all my weight on the other, to prevent +overturning. When the frog was got in, it hopped at once half the +length of the boat, and then over my head, backward and forward, +daubing my face and clothes with its odious slime. The largeness of its +features made it appear the most deformed animal that can be conceived. +However, I desired Glumdalclitch to let me deal with it alone. I banged +it a good while with one of my sculls, and at last forced it to leap +out of the boat. + +But the greatest danger I ever underwent in that kingdom, was from a +monkey, who belonged to one of the clerks of the kitchen. Glumdalclitch +had locked me up in her closet, while she went somewhere upon business, +or a visit. The weather being very warm, the closet-window was left +open, as well as the windows and the door of my bigger box, in which I +usually lived, because of its largeness and conveniency. As I sat +quietly meditating at my table, I heard something bounce in at the +closet-window, and skip about from one side to the other: whereat, +although I was much alarmed, yet I ventured to look out, but not +stirring from my seat; and then I saw this frolicsome animal frisking +and leaping up and down, till at last he came to my box, which he +seemed to view with great pleasure and curiosity, peeping in at the +door and every window. I retreated to the farther corner of my room; or +box; but the monkey looking in at every side, put me in such a fright, +that I wanted presence of mind to conceal myself under the bed, as I +might easily have done. After some time spent in peeping, grinning, and +chattering, he at last espied me; and reaching one of his paws in at +the door, as a cat does when she plays with a mouse, although I often +shifted place to avoid him, he at length seized the lappet of my coat +(which being made of that country silk, was very thick and strong), and +dragged me out. He took me up in his right fore-foot and held me as a +nurse does a child she is going to suckle, just as I have seen the same +sort of creature do with a kitten in Europe; and when I offered to +struggle he squeezed me so hard, that I thought it more prudent to +submit. I have good reason to believe, that he took me for a young one +of his own species, by his often stroking my face very gently with his +other paw. In these diversions he was interrupted by a noise at the +closet door, as if somebody were opening it: whereupon he suddenly +leaped up to the window at which he had come in, and thence upon the +leads and gutters, walking upon three legs, and holding me in the +fourth, till he clambered up to a roof that was next to ours. I heard +Glumdalclitch give a shriek at the moment he was carrying me out. The +poor girl was almost distracted: that quarter of the palace was all in +an uproar; the servants ran for ladders; the monkey was seen by +hundreds in the court, sitting upon the ridge of a building, holding me +like a baby in one of his forepaws, and feeding me with the other, by +cramming into my mouth some victuals he had squeezed out of the bag on +one side of his chaps, and patting me when I would not eat; whereat +many of the rabble below could not forbear laughing; neither do I think +they justly ought to be blamed, for, without question, the sight was +ridiculous enough to every body but myself. Some of the people threw up +stones, hoping to drive the monkey down; but this was strictly +forbidden, or else, very probably, my brains had been dashed out. + +The ladders were now applied, and mounted by several men; which the +monkey observing, and finding himself almost encompassed, not being +able to make speed enough with his three legs, let me drop on a ridge +tile, and made his escape. Here I sat for some time, five hundred yards +from the ground, expecting every moment to be blown down by the wind, +or to fall by my own giddiness, and come tumbling over and over from +the ridge to the eaves; but an honest lad, one of my nurse’s footmen, +climbed up, and putting me into his breeches pocket, brought me down +safe. + +I was almost choked with the filthy stuff the monkey had crammed down +my throat: but my dear little nurse picked it out of my mouth with a +small needle, and then I fell a-vomiting, which gave me great relief. +Yet I was so weak and bruised in the sides with the squeezes given me +by this odious animal, that I was forced to keep my bed a fortnight. +The king, queen, and all the court, sent every day to inquire after my +health; and her majesty made me several visits during my sickness. The +monkey was killed, and an order made, that no such animal should be +kept about the palace. + +When I attended the king after my recovery, to return him thanks for +his favours, he was pleased to rally me a good deal upon this +adventure. He asked me, “what my thoughts and speculations were, while +I lay in the monkey’s paw; how I liked the victuals he gave me; his +manner of feeding; and whether the fresh air on the roof had sharpened +my stomach.” He desired to know, “what I would have done upon such an +occasion in my own country.” I told his majesty, “that in Europe we had +no monkeys, except such as were brought for curiosity from other +places, and so small, that I could deal with a dozen of them together, +if they presumed to attack me. And as for that monstrous animal with +whom I was so lately engaged (it was indeed as large as an elephant), +if my fears had suffered me to think so far as to make use of my +hanger,” (looking fiercely, and clapping my hand on the hilt, as I +spoke) “when he poked his paw into my chamber, perhaps I should have +given him such a wound, as would have made him glad to withdraw it with +more haste than he put it in.” This I delivered in a firm tone, like a +person who was jealous lest his courage should be called in question. +However, my speech produced nothing else beside a loud laughter, which +all the respect due to his majesty from those about him could not make +them contain. This made me reflect, how vain an attempt it is for a man +to endeavour to do himself honour among those who are out of all degree +of equality or comparison with him. And yet I have seen the moral of my +own behaviour very frequent in England since my return; where a little +contemptible varlet, without the least title to birth, person, wit, or +common sense, shall presume to look with importance, and put himself +upon a foot with the greatest persons of the kingdom. + +I was every day furnishing the court with some ridiculous story: and +Glumdalclitch, although she loved me to excess, yet was arch enough to +inform the queen, whenever I committed any folly that she thought would +be diverting to her majesty. The girl, who had been out of order, was +carried by her governess to take the air about an hour’s distance, or +thirty miles from town. They alighted out of the coach near a small +foot-path in a field, and Glumdalclitch setting down my travelling box, +I went out of it to walk. There was a cow-dung in the path, and I must +need try my activity by attempting to leap over it. I took a run, but +unfortunately jumped short, and found myself just in the middle up to +my knees. I waded through with some difficulty, and one of the footmen +wiped me as clean as he could with his handkerchief, for I was filthily +bemired; and my nurse confined me to my box, till we returned home; +where the queen was soon informed of what had passed, and the footmen +spread it about the court: so that all the mirth for some days was at +my expense. + + +CHAPTER VI. + +Several contrivances of the author to please the king and queen. He +shows his skill in music. The king inquires into the state of England, +which the author relates to him. The king’s observations thereon. + + +I used to attend the king’s levee once or twice a week, and had often +seen him under the barber’s hand, which indeed was at first very +terrible to behold; for the razor was almost twice as long as an +ordinary scythe. His majesty, according to the custom of the country, +was only shaved twice a week. I once prevailed on the barber to give me +some of the suds or lather, out of which I picked forty or fifty of the +strongest stumps of hair. I then took a piece of fine wood, and cut it +like the back of a comb, making several holes in it at equal distances +with as small a needle as I could get from Glumdalclitch. I fixed in +the stumps so artificially, scraping and sloping them with my knife +toward the points, that I made a very tolerable comb; which was a +seasonable supply, my own being so much broken in the teeth, that it +was almost useless: neither did I know any artist in that country so +nice and exact, as would undertake to make me another. + +And this puts me in mind of an amusement, wherein I spent many of my +leisure hours. I desired the queen’s woman to save for me the combings +of her majesty’s hair, whereof in time I got a good quantity; and +consulting with my friend the cabinet-maker, who had received general +orders to do little jobs for me, I directed him to make two +chair-frames, no larger than those I had in my box, and to bore little +holes with a fine awl, round those parts where I designed the backs and +seats; through these holes I wove the strongest hairs I could pick out, +just after the manner of cane chairs in England. When they were +finished, I made a present of them to her majesty; who kept them in her +cabinet, and used to show them for curiosities, as indeed they were the +wonder of every one that beheld them. The queen would have me sit upon +one of these chairs, but I absolutely refused to obey her, protesting I +would rather die than place a dishonourable part of my body on those +precious hairs, that once adorned her majesty’s head. Of these hairs +(as I had always a mechanical genius) I likewise made a neat little +purse, about five feet long, with her majesty’s name deciphered in gold +letters, which I gave to Glumdalclitch, by the queen’s consent. To say +the truth, it was more for show than use, being not of strength to bear +the weight of the larger coins, and therefore she kept nothing in it +but some little toys that girls are fond of. + +The king, who delighted in music, had frequent concerts at court, to +which I was sometimes carried, and set in my box on a table to hear +them: but the noise was so great that I could hardly distinguish the +tunes. I am confident that all the drums and trumpets of a royal army, +beating and sounding together just at your ears, could not equal it. My +practice was to have my box removed from the place where the performers +sat, as far as I could, then to shut the doors and windows of it, and +draw the window curtains; after which I found their music not +disagreeable. + +I had learned in my youth to play a little upon the spinet. +Glumdalclitch kept one in her chamber, and a master attended twice a +week to teach her: I called it a spinet, because it somewhat resembled +that instrument, and was played upon in the same manner. A fancy came +into my head, that I would entertain the king and queen with an English +tune upon this instrument. But this appeared extremely difficult: for +the spinet was near sixty feet long, each key being almost a foot wide, +so that with my arms extended I could not reach to above five keys, and +to press them down required a good smart stroke with my fist, which +would be too great a labour, and to no purpose. The method I contrived +was this: I prepared two round sticks, about the bigness of common +cudgels; they were thicker at one end than the other, and I covered the +thicker ends with pieces of a mouse’s skin, that by rapping on them I +might neither damage the tops of the keys nor interrupt the sound. +Before the spinet a bench was placed, about four feet below the keys, +and I was put upon the bench. I ran sideling upon it, that way and +this, as fast as I could, banging the proper keys with my two sticks, +and made a shift to play a jig, to the great satisfaction of both their +majesties; but it was the most violent exercise I ever underwent; and +yet I could not strike above sixteen keys, nor consequently play the +bass and treble together, as other artists do; which was a great +disadvantage to my performance. + +The king, who, as I before observed, was a prince of excellent +understanding, would frequently order that I should be brought in my +box, and set upon the table in his closet: he would then command me to +bring one of my chairs out of the box, and sit down within three yards +distance upon the top of the cabinet, which brought me almost to a +level with his face. In this manner I had several conversations with +him. I one day took the freedom to tell his majesty, “that the contempt +he discovered towards Europe, and the rest of the world, did not seem +answerable to those excellent qualities of mind that he was master of; +that reason did not extend itself with the bulk of the body; on the +contrary, we observed in our country, that the tallest persons were +usually the least provided with it; that among other animals, bees and +ants had the reputation of more industry, art, and sagacity, than many +of the larger kinds; and that, as inconsiderable as he took me to be, I +hoped I might live to do his majesty some signal service.” The king +heard me with attention, and began to conceive a much better opinion of +me than he had ever before. He desired “I would give him as exact an +account of the government of England as I possibly could; because, as +fond as princes commonly are of their own customs (for so he +conjectured of other monarchs, by my former discourses), he should be +glad to hear of any thing that might deserve imitation.” + +Imagine with thyself, courteous reader, how often I then wished for the +tongue of Demosthenes or Cicero, that might have enabled me to +celebrate the praise of my own dear native country in a style equal to +its merits and felicity. + +I began my discourse by informing his majesty, that our dominions +consisted of two islands, which composed three mighty kingdoms, under +one sovereign, beside our plantations in America. I dwelt long upon the +fertility of our soil, and the temperature of our climate. I then spoke +at large upon the constitution of an English parliament; partly made up +of an illustrious body called the House of Peers; persons of the +noblest blood, and of the most ancient and ample patrimonies. I +described that extraordinary care always taken of their education in +arts and arms, to qualify them for being counsellors both to the king +and kingdom; to have a share in the legislature; to be members of the +highest court of judicature, whence there can be no appeal; and to be +champions always ready for the defence of their prince and country, by +their valour, conduct, and fidelity. That these were the ornament and +bulwark of the kingdom, worthy followers of their most renowned +ancestors, whose honour had been the reward of their virtue, from which +their posterity were never once known to degenerate. To these were +joined several holy persons, as part of that assembly, under the title +of bishops, whose peculiar business is to take care of religion, and of +those who instruct the people therein. These were searched and sought +out through the whole nation, by the prince and his wisest counsellors, +among such of the priesthood as were most deservedly distinguished by +the sanctity of their lives, and the depth of their erudition; who were +indeed the spiritual fathers of the clergy and the people. + +That the other part of the parliament consisted of an assembly called +the House of Commons, who were all principal gentlemen, freely picked +and culled out by the people themselves, for their great abilities and +love of their country, to represent the wisdom of the whole nation. And +that these two bodies made up the most august assembly in Europe; to +whom, in conjunction with the prince, the whole legislature is +committed. + +I then descended to the courts of justice; over which the judges, those +venerable sages and interpreters of the law, presided, for determining +the disputed rights and properties of men, as well as for the +punishment of vice and protection of innocence. I mentioned the prudent +management of our treasury; the valour and achievements of our forces, +by sea and land. I computed the number of our people, by reckoning how +many millions there might be of each religious sect, or political party +among us. I did not omit even our sports and pastimes, or any other +particular which I thought might redound to the honour of my country. +And I finished all with a brief historical account of affairs and +events in England for about a hundred years past. + +This conversation was not ended under five audiences, each of several +hours; and the king heard the whole with great attention, frequently +taking notes of what I spoke, as well as memorandums of what questions +he intended to ask me. + +When I had put an end to these long discourses, his majesty, in a sixth +audience, consulting his notes, proposed many doubts, queries, and +objections, upon every article. He asked, “What methods were used to +cultivate the minds and bodies of our young nobility, and in what kind +of business they commonly spent the first and teachable parts of their +lives? What course was taken to supply that assembly, when any noble +family became extinct? What qualifications were necessary in those who +are to be created new lords: whether the humour of the prince, a sum of +money to a court lady, or a design of strengthening a party opposite to +the public interest, ever happened to be the motive in those +advancements? What share of knowledge these lords had in the laws of +their country, and how they came by it, so as to enable them to decide +the properties of their fellow-subjects in the last resort? Whether +they were always so free from avarice, partialities, or want, that a +bribe, or some other sinister view, could have no place among them? +Whether those holy lords I spoke of were always promoted to that rank +upon account of their knowledge in religious matters, and the sanctity +of their lives; had never been compliers with the times, while they +were common priests; or slavish prostitute chaplains to some nobleman, +whose opinions they continued servilely to follow, after they were +admitted into that assembly?” + +He then desired to know, “What arts were practised in electing those +whom I called commoners: whether a stranger, with a strong purse, might +not influence the vulgar voters to choose him before their own +landlord, or the most considerable gentleman in the neighbourhood? How +it came to pass, that people were so violently bent upon getting into +this assembly, which I allowed to be a great trouble and expense, often +to the ruin of their families, without any salary or pension? because +this appeared such an exalted strain of virtue and public spirit, that +his majesty seemed to doubt it might possibly not be always sincere.” +And he desired to know, “Whether such zealous gentlemen could have any +views of refunding themselves for the charges and trouble they were at +by sacrificing the public good to the designs of a weak and vicious +prince, in conjunction with a corrupted ministry?” He multiplied his +questions, and sifted me thoroughly upon every part of this head, +proposing numberless inquiries and objections, which I think it not +prudent or convenient to repeat. + +Upon what I said in relation to our courts of justice, his majesty +desired to be satisfied in several points: and this I was the better +able to do, having been formerly almost ruined by a long suit in +chancery, which was decreed for me with costs. He asked, “What time was +usually spent in determining between right and wrong, and what degree +of expense? Whether advocates and orators had liberty to plead in +causes manifestly known to be unjust, vexatious, or oppressive? Whether +party, in religion or politics, were observed to be of any weight in +the scale of justice? Whether those pleading orators were persons +educated in the general knowledge of equity, or only in provincial, +national, and other local customs? Whether they or their judges had any +part in penning those laws, which they assumed the liberty of +interpreting, and glossing upon at their pleasure? Whether they had +ever, at different times, pleaded for and against the same cause, and +cited precedents to prove contrary opinions? Whether they were a rich +or a poor corporation? Whether they received any pecuniary reward for +pleading, or delivering their opinions? And particularly, whether they +were ever admitted as members in the lower senate?” + +He fell next upon the management of our treasury; and said, “he thought +my memory had failed me, because I computed our taxes at about five or +six millions a year, and when I came to mention the issues, he found +they sometimes amounted to more than double; for the notes he had taken +were very particular in this point, because he hoped, as he told me, +that the knowledge of our conduct might be useful to him, and he could +not be deceived in his calculations. But, if what I told him were true, +he was still at a loss how a kingdom could run out of its estate, like +a private person.” He asked me, “who were our creditors; and where we +found money to pay them?” He wondered to hear me talk of such +chargeable and expensive wars; “that certainly we must be a quarrelsome +people, or live among very bad neighbours, and that our generals must +needs be richer than our kings.” He asked, what business we had out of +our own islands, unless upon the score of trade, or treaty, or to +defend the coasts with our fleet?” Above all, he was amazed to hear me +talk of a mercenary standing army, in the midst of peace, and among a +free people. He said, “if we were governed by our own consent, in the +persons of our representatives, he could not imagine of whom we were +afraid, or against whom we were to fight; and would hear my opinion, +whether a private man’s house might not be better defended by himself, +his children, and family, than by half-a-dozen rascals, picked up at a +venture in the streets for small wages, who might get a hundred times +more by cutting their throats?” + +He laughed at my “odd kind of arithmetic,” as he was pleased to call +it, “in reckoning the numbers of our people, by a computation drawn +from the several sects among us, in religion and politics.” He said, +“he knew no reason why those, who entertain opinions prejudicial to the +public, should be obliged to change, or should not be obliged to +conceal them. And as it was tyranny in any government to require the +first, so it was weakness not to enforce the second: for a man may be +allowed to keep poisons in his closet, but not to vend them about for +cordials.” + +He observed, “that among the diversions of our nobility and gentry, I +had mentioned gaming: he desired to know at what age this entertainment +was usually taken up, and when it was laid down; how much of their time +it employed; whether it ever went so high as to affect their fortunes; +whether mean, vicious people, by their dexterity in that art, might not +arrive at great riches, and sometimes keep our very nobles in +dependence, as well as habituate them to vile companions, wholly take +them from the improvement of their minds, and force them, by the losses +they received, to learn and practise that infamous dexterity upon +others?” + +He was perfectly astonished with the historical account I gave him of +our affairs during the last century; protesting “it was only a heap of +conspiracies, rebellions, murders, massacres, revolutions, banishments, +the very worst effects that avarice, faction, hypocrisy, +perfidiousness, cruelty, rage, madness, hatred, envy, lust, malice, and +ambition, could produce.” + +His majesty, in another audience, was at the pains to recapitulate the +sum of all I had spoken; compared the questions he made with the +answers I had given; then taking me into his hands, and stroking me +gently, delivered himself in these words, which I shall never forget, +nor the manner he spoke them in: “My little friend Grildrig, you have +made a most admirable panegyric upon your country; you have clearly +proved, that ignorance, idleness, and vice, are the proper ingredients +for qualifying a legislator; that laws are best explained, interpreted, +and applied, by those whose interest and abilities lie in perverting, +confounding, and eluding them. I observe among you some lines of an +institution, which, in its original, might have been tolerable, but +these half erased, and the rest wholly blurred and blotted by +corruptions. It does not appear, from all you have said, how any one +perfection is required toward the procurement of any one station among +you; much less, that men are ennobled on account of their virtue; that +priests are advanced for their piety or learning; soldiers, for their +conduct or valour; judges, for their integrity; senators, for the love +of their country; or counsellors for their wisdom. As for yourself,” +continued the king, “who have spent the greatest part of your life in +travelling, I am well disposed to hope you may hitherto have escaped +many vices of your country. But by what I have gathered from your own +relation, and the answers I have with much pains wrung and extorted +from you, I cannot but conclude the bulk of your natives to be the most +pernicious race of little odious vermin that nature ever suffered to +crawl upon the surface of the earth.” + + +CHAPTER VII. + +The author’s love of his country. He makes a proposal of much advantage +to the king, which is rejected. The king’s great ignorance in politics. +The learning of that country very imperfect and confined. The laws, and +military affairs, and parties in the state. + + +Nothing but an extreme love of truth could have hindered me from +concealing this part of my story. It was in vain to discover my +resentments, which were always turned into ridicule; and I was forced +to rest with patience, while my noble and beloved country was so +injuriously treated. I am as heartily sorry as any of my readers can +possibly be, that such an occasion was given: but this prince happened +to be so curious and inquisitive upon every particular, that it could +not consist either with gratitude or good manners, to refuse giving him +what satisfaction I was able. Yet thus much I may be allowed to say in +my own vindication, that I artfully eluded many of his questions, and +gave to every point a more favourable turn, by many degrees, than the +strictness of truth would allow. For I have always borne that laudable +partiality to my own country, which Dionysius Halicarnassensis, with so +much justice, recommends to an historian: I would hide the frailties +and deformities of my political mother, and place her virtues and +beauties in the most advantageous light. This was my sincere endeavour +in those many discourses I had with that monarch, although it +unfortunately failed of success. + +But great allowances should be given to a king, who lives wholly +secluded from the rest of the world, and must therefore be altogether +unacquainted with the manners and customs that most prevail in other +nations: the want of which knowledge will ever produce many prejudices, +and a certain narrowness of thinking, from which we, and the politer +countries of Europe, are wholly exempted. And it would be hard indeed, +if so remote a prince’s notions of virtue and vice were to be offered +as a standard for all mankind. + +To confirm what I have now said, and further to show the miserable +effects of a confined education, I shall here insert a passage, which +will hardly obtain belief. In hopes to ingratiate myself further into +his majesty’s favour, I told him of “an invention, discovered between +three and four hundred years ago, to make a certain powder, into a heap +of which, the smallest spark of fire falling, would kindle the whole in +a moment, although it were as big as a mountain, and make it all fly up +in the air together, with a noise and agitation greater than thunder. +That a proper quantity of this powder rammed into a hollow tube of +brass or iron, according to its bigness, would drive a ball of iron or +lead, with such violence and speed, as nothing was able to sustain its +force. That the largest balls thus discharged, would not only destroy +whole ranks of an army at once, but batter the strongest walls to the +ground, sink down ships, with a thousand men in each, to the bottom of +the sea, and when linked together by a chain, would cut through masts +and rigging, divide hundreds of bodies in the middle, and lay all waste +before them. That we often put this powder into large hollow balls of +iron, and discharged them by an engine into some city we were +besieging, which would rip up the pavements, tear the houses to pieces, +burst and throw splinters on every side, dashing out the brains of all +who came near. That I knew the ingredients very well, which were cheap +and common; I understood the manner of compounding them, and could +direct his workmen how to make those tubes, of a size proportionable to +all other things in his majesty’s kingdom, and the largest need not be +above a hundred feet long; twenty or thirty of which tubes, charged +with the proper quantity of powder and balls, would batter down the +walls of the strongest town in his dominions in a few hours, or destroy +the whole metropolis, if ever it should pretend to dispute his absolute +commands.” This I humbly offered to his majesty, as a small tribute of +acknowledgment, in turn for so many marks that I had received, of his +royal favour and protection. + +The king was struck with horror at the description I had given of those +terrible engines, and the proposal I had made. “He was amazed, how so +impotent and grovelling an insect as I” (these were his expressions) +“could entertain such inhuman ideas, and in so familiar a manner, as to +appear wholly unmoved at all the scenes of blood and desolation which I +had painted as the common effects of those destructive machines; +whereof,” he said, “some evil genius, enemy to mankind, must have been +the first contriver. As for himself, he protested, that although few +things delighted him so much as new discoveries in art or in nature, +yet he would rather lose half his kingdom, than be privy to such a +secret; which he commanded me, as I valued any life, never to mention +any more.” + +A strange effect of narrow principles and views! that a prince +possessed of every quality which procures veneration, love, and esteem; +of strong parts, great wisdom, and profound learning, endowed with +admirable talents, and almost adored by his subjects, should, from a +nice, unnecessary scruple, whereof in Europe we can have no conception, +let slip an opportunity put into his hands that would have made him +absolute master of the lives, the liberties, and the fortunes of his +people! Neither do I say this, with the least intention to detract from +the many virtues of that excellent king, whose character, I am +sensible, will, on this account, be very much lessened in the opinion +of an English reader: but I take this defect among them to have risen +from their ignorance, by not having hitherto reduced politics into a +science, as the more acute wits of Europe have done. For, I remember +very well, in a discourse one day with the king, when I happened to +say, “there were several thousand books among us written upon the art +of government,” it gave him (directly contrary to my intention) a very +mean opinion of our understandings. He professed both to abominate and +despise all mystery, refinement, and intrigue, either in a prince or a +minister. He could not tell what I meant by secrets of state, where an +enemy, or some rival nation, were not in the case. He confined the +knowledge of governing within very narrow bounds, to common sense and +reason, to justice and lenity, to the speedy determination of civil and +criminal causes; with some other obvious topics, which are not worth +considering. And he gave it for his opinion, “that whoever could make +two ears of corn, or two blades of grass, to grow upon a spot of ground +where only one grew before, would deserve better of mankind, and do +more essential service to his country, than the whole race of +politicians put together.” + +The learning of this people is very defective, consisting only in +morality, history, poetry, and mathematics, wherein they must be +allowed to excel. But the last of these is wholly applied to what may +be useful in life, to the improvement of agriculture, and all +mechanical arts; so that among us, it would be little esteemed. And as +to ideas, entities, abstractions, and transcendentals, I could never +drive the least conception into their heads. + +No law in that country must exceed in words the number of letters in +their alphabet, which consists only of two and twenty. But indeed few +of them extend even to that length. They are expressed in the most +plain and simple terms, wherein those people are not mercurial enough +to discover above one interpretation: and to write a comment upon any +law, is a capital crime. As to the decision of civil causes, or +proceedings against criminals, their precedents are so few, that they +have little reason to boast of any extraordinary skill in either. + +They have had the art of printing, as well as the Chinese, time out of +mind: but their libraries are not very large; for that of the king, +which is reckoned the largest, does not amount to above a thousand +volumes, placed in a gallery of twelve hundred feet long, whence I had +liberty to borrow what books I pleased. The queen’s joiner had +contrived in one of Glumdalclitch’s rooms, a kind of wooden machine +five-and-twenty feet high, formed like a standing ladder; the steps +were each fifty feet long. It was indeed a moveable pair of stairs, the +lowest end placed at ten feet distance from the wall of the chamber. +The book I had a mind to read, was put up leaning against the wall: I +first mounted to the upper step of the ladder, and turning my face +towards the book, began at the top of the page, and so walking to the +right and left about eight or ten paces, according to the length of the +lines, till I had gotten a little below the level of my eyes, and then +descending gradually till I came to the bottom: after which I mounted +again, and began the other page in the same manner, and so turned over +the leaf, which I could easily do with both my hands, for it was as +thick and stiff as a pasteboard, and in the largest folios not above +eighteen or twenty feet long. + +Their style is clear, masculine, and smooth, but not florid; for they +avoid nothing more than multiplying unnecessary words, or using various +expressions. I have perused many of their books, especially those in +history and morality. Among the rest, I was much diverted with a little +old treatise, which always lay in Glumdalclitch’s bed chamber, and +belonged to her governess, a grave elderly gentlewoman, who dealt in +writings of morality and devotion. The book treats of the weakness of +humankind, and is in little esteem, except among the women and the +vulgar. However, I was curious to see what an author of that country +could say upon such a subject. This writer went through all the usual +topics of European moralists, showing “how diminutive, contemptible, +and helpless an animal was man in his own nature; how unable to defend +himself from inclemencies of the air, or the fury of wild beasts: how +much he was excelled by one creature in strength, by another in speed, +by a third in foresight, by a fourth in industry.” He added, “that +nature was degenerated in these latter declining ages of the world, and +could now produce only small abortive births, in comparison of those in +ancient times.” He said “it was very reasonable to think, not only that +the species of men were originally much larger, but also that there +must have been giants in former ages; which, as it is asserted by +history and tradition, so it has been confirmed by huge bones and +skulls, casually dug up in several parts of the kingdom, far exceeding +the common dwindled race of men in our days.” He argued, “that the very +laws of nature absolutely required we should have been made, in the +beginning of a size more large and robust; not so liable to destruction +from every little accident, of a tile falling from a house, or a stone +cast from the hand of a boy, or being drowned in a little brook.” From +this way of reasoning, the author drew several moral applications, +useful in the conduct of life, but needless here to repeat. For my own +part, I could not avoid reflecting how universally this talent was +spread, of drawing lectures in morality, or indeed rather matter of +discontent and repining, from the quarrels we raise with nature. And I +believe, upon a strict inquiry, those quarrels might be shown as +ill-grounded among us as they are among that people. + +As to their military affairs, they boast that the king’s army consists +of a hundred and seventy-six thousand foot, and thirty-two thousand +horse: if that may be called an army, which is made up of tradesmen in +the several cities, and farmers in the country, whose commanders are +only the nobility and gentry, without pay or reward. They are indeed +perfect enough in their exercises, and under very good discipline, +wherein I saw no great merit; for how should it be otherwise, where +every farmer is under the command of his own landlord, and every +citizen under that of the principal men in his own city, chosen after +the manner of Venice, by ballot? + +I have often seen the militia of Lorbrulgrud drawn out to exercise, in +a great field near the city of twenty miles square. They were in all +not above twenty-five thousand foot, and six thousand horse; but it was +impossible for me to compute their number, considering the space of +ground they took up. A cavalier, mounted on a large steed, might be +about ninety feet high. I have seen this whole body of horse, upon a +word of command, draw their swords at once, and brandish them in the +air. Imagination can figure nothing so grand, so surprising, and so +astonishing! It looked as if ten thousand flashes of lightning were +darting at the same time from every quarter of the sky. + +I was curious to know how this prince, to whose dominions there is no +access from any other country, came to think of armies, or to teach his +people the practice of military discipline. But I was soon informed, +both by conversation and reading their histories; for, in the course of +many ages, they have been troubled with the same disease to which the +whole race of mankind is subject; the nobility often contending for +power, the people for liberty, and the king for absolute dominion. All +which, however happily tempered by the laws of that kingdom, have been +sometimes violated by each of the three parties, and have more than +once occasioned civil wars; the last whereof was happily put an end to +by this prince’s grandfather, in a general composition; and the +militia, then settled with common consent, has been ever since kept in +the strictest duty. + + +CHAPTER VIII. + +The king and queen make a progress to the frontiers. The author attends +them. The manner in which he leaves the country very particularly +related. He returns to England. + + +I had always a strong impulse that I should some time recover my +liberty, though it was impossible to conjecture by what means, or to +form any project with the least hope of succeeding. The ship in which I +sailed, was the first ever known to be driven within sight of that +coast, and the king had given strict orders, that if at any time +another appeared, it should be taken ashore, and with all its crew and +passengers brought in a tumbril to Lorbrulgrud. He was strongly bent to +get me a woman of my own size, by whom I might propagate the breed: but +I think I should rather have died than undergone the disgrace of +leaving a posterity to be kept in cages, like tame canary-birds, and +perhaps, in time, sold about the kingdom, to persons of quality, for +curiosities. I was indeed treated with much kindness: I was the +favourite of a great king and queen, and the delight of the whole +court; but it was upon such a foot as ill became the dignity of +humankind. I could never forget those domestic pledges I had left +behind me. I wanted to be among people, with whom I could converse upon +even terms, and walk about the streets and fields without being afraid +of being trod to death like a frog or a young puppy. But my deliverance +came sooner than I expected, and in a manner not very common; the whole +story and circumstances of which I shall faithfully relate. + +I had now been two years in this country; and about the beginning of +the third, Glumdalclitch and I attended the king and queen, in a +progress to the south coast of the kingdom. I was carried, as usual, in +my travelling-box, which as I have already described, was a very +convenient closet, of twelve feet wide. And I had ordered a hammock to +be fixed, by silken ropes from the four corners at the top, to break +the jolts, when a servant carried me before him on horseback, as I +sometimes desired; and would often sleep in my hammock, while we were +upon the road. On the roof of my closet, not directly over the middle +of the hammock, I ordered the joiner to cut out a hole of a foot +square, to give me air in hot weather, as I slept; which hole I shut at +pleasure with a board that drew backward and forward through a groove. + +When we came to our journey’s end, the king thought proper to pass a +few days at a palace he has near Flanflasnic, a city within eighteen +English miles of the seaside. Glumdalclitch and I were much fatigued: I +had gotten a small cold, but the poor girl was so ill as to be confined +to her chamber. I longed to see the ocean, which must be the only scene +of my escape, if ever it should happen. I pretended to be worse than I +really was, and desired leave to take the fresh air of the sea, with a +page, whom I was very fond of, and who had sometimes been trusted with +me. I shall never forget with what unwillingness Glumdalclitch +consented, nor the strict charge she gave the page to be careful of me, +bursting at the same time into a flood of tears, as if she had some +forboding of what was to happen. The boy took me out in my box, about +half an hour’s walk from the palace, towards the rocks on the +sea-shore. I ordered him to set me down, and lifting up one of my +sashes, cast many a wistful melancholy look towards the sea. I found +myself not very well, and told the page that I had a mind to take a nap +in my hammock, which I hoped would do me good. I got in, and the boy +shut the window close down, to keep out the cold. I soon fell asleep, +and all I can conjecture is, while I slept, the page, thinking no +danger could happen, went among the rocks to look for birds’ eggs, +having before observed him from my window searching about, and picking +up one or two in the clefts. Be that as it will, I found myself +suddenly awaked with a violent pull upon the ring, which was fastened +at the top of my box for the conveniency of carriage. I felt my box +raised very high in the air, and then borne forward with prodigious +speed. The first jolt had like to have shaken me out of my hammock, but +afterward the motion was easy enough. I called out several times, as +loud as I could raise my voice, but all to no purpose. I looked towards +my windows, and could see nothing but the clouds and sky. I heard a +noise just over my head, like the clapping of wings, and then began to +perceive the woful condition I was in; that some eagle had got the ring +of my box in his beak, with an intent to let it fall on a rock, like a +tortoise in a shell, and then pick out my body, and devour it: for the +sagacity and smell of this bird enables him to discover his quarry at a +great distance, though better concealed than I could be within a +two-inch board. + +In a little time, I observed the noise and flutter of wings to increase +very fast, and my box was tossed up and down, like a sign in a windy +day. I heard several bangs or buffets, as I thought given to the eagle +(for such I am certain it must have been that held the ring of my box +in his beak), and then, all on a sudden, felt myself falling +perpendicularly down, for above a minute, but with such incredible +swiftness, that I almost lost my breath. My fall was stopped by a +terrible squash, that sounded louder to my ears than the cataract of +Niagara; after which, I was quite in the dark for another minute, and +then my box began to rise so high, that I could see light from the tops +of the windows. I now perceived I was fallen into the sea. My box, by +the weight of my body, the goods that were in, and the broad plates of +iron fixed for strength at the four corners of the top and bottom, +floated about five feet deep in water. I did then, and do now suppose, +that the eagle which flew away with my box was pursued by two or three +others, and forced to let me drop, while he defended himself against +the rest, who hoped to share in the prey. The plates of iron fastened +at the bottom of the box (for those were the strongest) preserved the +balance while it fell, and hindered it from being broken on the surface +of the water. Every joint of it was well grooved; and the door did not +move on hinges, but up and down like a sash, which kept my closet so +tight that very little water came in. I got with much difficulty out of +my hammock, having first ventured to draw back the slip-board on the +roof already mentioned, contrived on purpose to let in air, for want of +which I found myself almost stifled. + +How often did I then wish myself with my dear Glumdalclitch, from whom +one single hour had so far divided me! And I may say with truth, that +in the midst of my own misfortunes I could not forbear lamenting my +poor nurse, the grief she would suffer for my loss, the displeasure of +the queen, and the ruin of her fortune. Perhaps many travellers have +not been under greater difficulties and distress than I was at this +juncture, expecting every moment to see my box dashed to pieces, or at +least overset by the first violent blast, or rising wave. A breach in +one single pane of glass would have been immediate death: nor could any +thing have preserved the windows, but the strong lattice wires placed +on the outside, against accidents in travelling. I saw the water ooze +in at several crannies, although the leaks were not considerable, and I +endeavoured to stop them as well as I could. I was not able to lift up +the roof of my closet, which otherwise I certainly should have done, +and sat on the top of it; where I might at least preserve myself some +hours longer, than by being shut up (as I may call it) in the hold. Or +if I escaped these dangers for a day or two, what could I expect but a +miserable death of cold and hunger? I was four hours under these +circumstances, expecting, and indeed wishing, every moment to be my +last. + +I have already told the reader that there were two strong staples fixed +upon that side of my box which had no window, and into which the +servant, who used to carry me on horseback, would put a leathern belt, +and buckle it about his waist. Being in this disconsolate state, I +heard, or at least thought I heard, some kind of grating noise on that +side of my box where the staples were fixed; and soon after I began to +fancy that the box was pulled or towed along the sea; for I now and +then felt a sort of tugging, which made the waves rise near the tops of +my windows, leaving me almost in the dark. This gave me some faint +hopes of relief, although I was not able to imagine how it could be +brought about. I ventured to unscrew one of my chairs, which were +always fastened to the floor; and having made a hard shift to screw it +down again, directly under the slipping-board that I had lately opened, +I mounted on the chair, and putting my mouth as near as I could to the +hole, I called for help in a loud voice, and in all the languages I +understood. I then fastened my handkerchief to a stick I usually +carried, and thrusting it up the hole, waved it several times in the +air, that if any boat or ship were near, the seamen might conjecture +some unhappy mortal to be shut up in the box. + +I found no effect from all I could do, but plainly perceived my closet +to be moved along; and in the space of an hour, or better, that side of +the box where the staples were, and had no windows, struck against +something that was hard. I apprehended it to be a rock, and found +myself tossed more than ever. I plainly heard a noise upon the cover of +my closet, like that of a cable, and the grating of it as it passed +through the ring. I then found myself hoisted up, by degrees, at least +three feet higher than I was before. Whereupon I again thrust up my +stick and handkerchief, calling for help till I was almost hoarse. In +return to which, I heard a great shout repeated three times, giving me +such transports of joy as are not to be conceived but by those who feel +them. I now heard a trampling over my head, and somebody calling +through the hole with a loud voice, in the English tongue, “If there be +any body below, let them speak.” I answered, “I was an Englishman, +drawn by ill fortune into the greatest calamity that ever any creature +underwent, and begged, by all that was moving, to be delivered out of +the dungeon I was in.” The voice replied, “I was safe, for my box was +fastened to their ship; and the carpenter should immediately come and +saw a hole in the cover, large enough to pull me out.” I answered, +“that was needless, and would take up too much time; for there was no +more to be done, but let one of the crew put his finger into the ring, +and take the box out of the sea into the ship, and so into the +captain’s cabin.” Some of them, upon hearing me talk so wildly, thought +I was mad: others laughed; for indeed it never came into my head, that +I was now got among people of my own stature and strength. The +carpenter came, and in a few minutes sawed a passage about four feet +square, then let down a small ladder, upon which I mounted, and thence +was taken into the ship in a very weak condition. + +The sailors were all in amazement, and asked me a thousand questions, +which I had no inclination to answer. I was equally confounded at the +sight of so many pigmies, for such I took them to be, after having so +long accustomed my eyes to the monstrous objects I had left. But the +captain, Mr. Thomas Wilcocks, an honest worthy Shropshire man, +observing I was ready to faint, took me into his cabin, gave me a +cordial to comfort me, and made me turn in upon his own bed, advising +me to take a little rest, of which I had great need. Before I went to +sleep, I gave him to understand that I had some valuable furniture in +my box, too good to be lost: a fine hammock, a handsome field-bed, two +chairs, a table, and a cabinet; that my closet was hung on all sides, +or rather quilted, with silk and cotton; that if he would let one of +the crew bring my closet into his cabin, I would open it there before +him, and show him my goods. The captain, hearing me utter these +absurdities, concluded I was raving; however (I suppose to pacify me) +he promised to give order as I desired, and going upon deck, sent some +of his men down into my closet, whence (as I afterwards found) they +drew up all my goods, and stripped off the quilting; but the chairs, +cabinet, and bedstead, being screwed to the floor, were much damaged by +the ignorance of the seamen, who tore them up by force. Then they +knocked off some of the boards for the use of the ship, and when they +had got all they had a mind for, let the hull drop into the sea, which +by reason of many breaches made in the bottom and sides, sunk to +rights. And, indeed, I was glad not to have been a spectator of the +havoc they made, because I am confident it would have sensibly touched +me, by bringing former passages into my mind, which I would rather have +forgot. + +I slept some hours, but perpetually disturbed with dreams of the place +I had left, and the dangers I had escaped. However, upon waking, I +found myself much recovered. It was now about eight o’clock at night, +and the captain ordered supper immediately, thinking I had already +fasted too long. He entertained me with great kindness, observing me +not to look wildly, or talk inconsistently: and, when we were left +alone, desired I would give him a relation of my travels, and by what +accident I came to be set adrift, in that monstrous wooden chest. He +said “that about twelve o’clock at noon, as he was looking through his +glass, he spied it at a distance, and thought it was a sail, which he +had a mind to make, being not much out of his course, in hopes of +buying some biscuit, his own beginning to fall short. That upon coming +nearer, and finding his error, he sent out his long-boat to discover +what it was; that his men came back in a fright, swearing they had seen +a swimming house. That he laughed at their folly, and went himself in +the boat, ordering his men to take a strong cable along with them. That +the weather being calm, he rowed round me several times, observed my +windows and wire lattices that defended them. That he discovered two +staples upon one side, which was all of boards, without any passage for +light. He then commanded his men to row up to that side, and fastening +a cable to one of the staples, ordered them to tow my chest, as they +called it, toward the ship. When it was there, he gave directions to +fasten another cable to the ring fixed in the cover, and to raise up my +chest with pulleys, which all the sailors were not able to do above two +or three feet.” He said, “they saw my stick and handkerchief thrust out +of the hole, and concluded that some unhappy man must be shut up in the +cavity.” I asked, “whether he or the crew had seen any prodigious birds +in the air, about the time he first discovered me.” To which he +answered, “that discoursing this matter with the sailors while I was +asleep, one of them said, he had observed three eagles flying towards +the north, but remarked nothing of their being larger than the usual +size:” which I suppose must be imputed to the great height they were +at; and he could not guess the reason of my question. I then asked the +captain, “how far he reckoned we might be from land?” He said, “by the +best computation he could make, we were at least a hundred leagues.” I +assured him, “that he must be mistaken by almost half, for I had not +left the country whence I came above two hours before I dropped into +the sea.” Whereupon he began again to think that my brain was +disturbed, of which he gave me a hint, and advised me to go to bed in a +cabin he had provided. I assured him, “I was well refreshed with his +good entertainment and company, and as much in my senses as ever I was +in my life.” He then grew serious, and desired to ask me freely, +“whether I were not troubled in my mind by the consciousness of some +enormous crime, for which I was punished, at the command of some +prince, by exposing me in that chest; as great criminals, in other +countries, have been forced to sea in a leaky vessel, without +provisions: for although he should be sorry to have taken so ill a man +into his ship, yet he would engage his word to set me safe ashore, in +the first port where we arrived.” He added, “that his suspicions were +much increased by some very absurd speeches I had delivered at first to +his sailors, and afterwards to himself, in relation to my closet or +chest, as well as by my odd looks and behaviour while I was at supper.” + +I begged his patience to hear me tell my story, which I faithfully did, +from the last time I left England, to the moment he first discovered +me. And, as truth always forces its way into rational minds, so this +honest worthy gentleman, who had some tincture of learning, and very +good sense, was immediately convinced of my candour and veracity. But +further to confirm all I had said, I entreated him to give order that +my cabinet should be brought, of which I had the key in my pocket; for +he had already informed me how the seamen disposed of my closet. I +opened it in his own presence, and showed him the small collection of +rarities I made in the country from which I had been so strangely +delivered. There was the comb I had contrived out of the stumps of the +king’s beard, and another of the same materials, but fixed into a +paring of her majesty’s thumb-nail, which served for the back. There +was a collection of needles and pins, from a foot to half a yard long; +four wasp stings, like joiner’s tacks; some combings of the queen’s +hair; a gold ring, which one day she made me a present of, in a most +obliging manner, taking it from her little finger, and throwing it over +my head like a collar. I desired the captain would please to accept +this ring in return for his civilities; which he absolutely refused. I +showed him a corn that I had cut off with my own hand, from a maid of +honour’s toe; it was about the bigness of Kentish pippin, and grown so +hard, that when I returned to England, I got it hollowed into a cup, +and set in silver. Lastly, I desired him to see the breeches I had then +on, which were made of a mouse’s skin. + +I could force nothing on him but a footman’s tooth, which I observed +him to examine with great curiosity, and found he had a fancy for it. +He received it with abundance of thanks, more than such a trifle could +deserve. It was drawn by an unskilful surgeon, in a mistake, from one +of Glumdalclitch’s men, who was afflicted with the tooth-ache, but it +was as sound as any in his head. I got it cleaned, and put it into my +cabinet. It was about a foot long, and four inches in diameter. + +The captain was very well satisfied with this plain relation I had +given him, and said, “he hoped, when we returned to England, I would +oblige the world by putting it on paper, and making it public.” My +answer was, “that we were overstocked with books of travels: that +nothing could now pass which was not extraordinary; wherein I doubted +some authors less consulted truth, than their own vanity, or interest, +or the diversion of ignorant readers; that my story could contain +little beside common events, without those ornamental descriptions of +strange plants, trees, birds, and other animals; or of the barbarous +customs and idolatry of savage people, with which most writers abound. +However, I thanked him for his good opinion, and promised to take the +matter into my thoughts.” + +He said “he wondered at one thing very much, which was, to hear me +speak so loud;” asking me “whether the king or queen of that country +were thick of hearing?” I told him, “it was what I had been used to for +above two years past, and that I admired as much at the voices of him +and his men, who seemed to me only to whisper, and yet I could hear +them well enough. But, when I spoke in that country, it was like a man +talking in the streets, to another looking out from the top of a +steeple, unless when I was placed on a table, or held in any person’s +hand.” I told him, “I had likewise observed another thing, that, when I +first got into the ship, and the sailors stood all about me, I thought +they were the most little contemptible creatures I had ever beheld.” +For indeed, while I was in that prince’s country, I could never endure +to look in a glass, after my eyes had been accustomed to such +prodigious objects, because the comparison gave me so despicable a +conceit of myself. The captain said, “that while we were at supper, he +observed me to look at every thing with a sort of wonder, and that I +often seemed hardly able to contain my laughter, which he knew not well +how to take, but imputed it to some disorder in my brain.” I answered, +“it was very true; and I wondered how I could forbear, when I saw his +dishes of the size of a silver three-pence, a leg of pork hardly a +mouthful, a cup not so big as a nut-shell;” and so I went on, +describing the rest of his household-stuff and provisions, after the +same manner. For, although the queen had ordered a little equipage of +all things necessary for me, while I was in her service, yet my ideas +were wholly taken up with what I saw on every side of me, and I winked +at my own littleness, as people do at their own faults. The captain +understood my raillery very well, and merrily replied with the old +English proverb, “that he doubted my eyes were bigger than my belly, +for he did not observe my stomach so good, although I had fasted all +day;” and, continuing in his mirth, protested “he would have gladly +given a hundred pounds, to have seen my closet in the eagle’s bill, and +afterwards in its fall from so great a height into the sea; which would +certainly have been a most astonishing object, worthy to have the +description of it transmitted to future ages:” and the comparison of +Phaeton was so obvious, that he could not forbear applying it, although +I did not much admire the conceit. + +The captain having been at Tonquin, was, in his return to England, +driven north-eastward to the latitude of 44 degrees, and longitude of +143. But meeting a trade-wind two days after I came on board him, we +sailed southward a long time, and coasting New Holland, kept our course +west-south-west, and then south-south-west, till we doubled the Cape of +Good Hope. Our voyage was very prosperous, but I shall not trouble the +reader with a journal of it. The captain called in at one or two ports, +and sent in his long-boat for provisions and fresh water; but I never +went out of the ship till we came into the Downs, which was on the +third day of June, 1706, about nine months after my escape. I offered +to leave my goods in security for payment of my freight: but the +captain protested he would not receive one farthing. We took a kind +leave of each other, and I made him promise he would come to see me at +my house in Redriff. I hired a horse and guide for five shillings, +which I borrowed of the captain. + +As I was on the road, observing the littleness of the houses, the +trees, the cattle, and the people, I began to think myself in Lilliput. +I was afraid of trampling on every traveller I met, and often called +aloud to have them stand out of the way, so that I had like to have +gotten one or two broken heads for my impertinence. + +When I came to my own house, for which I was forced to inquire, one of +the servants opening the door, I bent down to go in, (like a goose +under a gate,) for fear of striking my head. My wife ran out to embrace +me, but I stooped lower than her knees, thinking she could otherwise +never be able to reach my mouth. My daughter kneeled to ask my +blessing, but I could not see her till she arose, having been so long +used to stand with my head and eyes erect to above sixty feet; and then +I went to take her up with one hand by the waist. I looked down upon +the servants, and one or two friends who were in the house, as if they +had been pigmies and I a giant. I told my wife, “she had been too +thrifty, for I found she had starved herself and her daughter to +nothing.” In short, I behaved myself so unaccountably, that they were +all of the captain’s opinion when he first saw me, and concluded I had +lost my wits. This I mention as an instance of the great power of habit +and prejudice. + +In a little time, I and my family and friends came to a right +understanding: but my wife protested “I should never go to sea any +more;” although my evil destiny so ordered, that she had not power to +hinder me, as the reader may know hereafter. In the mean time, I here +conclude the second part of my unfortunate voyages. + + +PART III. A VOYAGE TO LAPUTA, BALNIBARBI, GLUBBDUBDRIB, LUGGNAGG AND +JAPAN. + + +CHAPTER I. + +The author sets out on his third voyage. Is taken by pirates. The +malice of a Dutchman. His arrival at an island. He is received into +Laputa. + + +I had not been at home above ten days, when Captain William Robinson, a +Cornish man, commander of the Hopewell, a stout ship of three hundred +tons, came to my house. I had formerly been surgeon of another ship +where he was master, and a fourth part owner, in a voyage to the +Levant. He had always treated me more like a brother, than an inferior +officer; and, hearing of my arrival, made me a visit, as I apprehended +only out of friendship, for nothing passed more than what is usual +after long absences. But repeating his visits often, expressing his joy +to find me in good health, asking, “whether I were now settled for +life?” adding, “that he intended a voyage to the East Indies in two +months,” at last he plainly invited me, though with some apologies, to +be surgeon of the ship; “that I should have another surgeon under me, +beside our two mates; that my salary should be double to the usual pay; +and that having experienced my knowledge in sea-affairs to be at least +equal to his, he would enter into any engagement to follow my advice, +as much as if I had shared in the command.” + +He said so many other obliging things, and I knew him to be so honest a +man, that I could not reject this proposal; the thirst I had of seeing +the world, notwithstanding my past misfortunes, continuing as violent +as ever. The only difficulty that remained, was to persuade my wife, +whose consent however I at last obtained, by the prospect of advantage +she proposed to her children. + +We set out the 5th day of August, 1706, and arrived at Fort St. George +the 11th of April, 1707. We staid there three weeks to refresh our +crew, many of whom were sick. From thence we went to Tonquin, where the +captain resolved to continue some time, because many of the goods he +intended to buy were not ready, nor could he expect to be dispatched in +several months. Therefore, in hopes to defray some of the charges he +must be at, he bought a sloop, loaded it with several sorts of goods, +wherewith the Tonquinese usually trade to the neighbouring islands, and +putting fourteen men on board, whereof three were of the country, he +appointed me master of the sloop, and gave me power to traffic, while +he transacted his affairs at Tonquin. + +We had not sailed above three days, when a great storm arising, we were +driven five days to the north-north-east, and then to the east: after +which we had fair weather, but still with a pretty strong gale from the +west. Upon the tenth day we were chased by two pirates, who soon +overtook us; for my sloop was so deep laden, that she sailed very slow, +neither were we in a condition to defend ourselves. + +We were boarded about the same time by both the pirates, who entered +furiously at the head of their men; but finding us all prostrate upon +our faces (for so I gave order), they pinioned us with strong ropes, +and setting guard upon us, went to search the sloop. + +I observed among them a Dutchman, who seemed to be of some authority, +though he was not commander of either ship. He knew us by our +countenances to be Englishmen, and jabbering to us in his own language, +swore we should be tied back to back and thrown into the sea. I spoke +Dutch tolerably well; I told him who we were, and begged him, in +consideration of our being Christians and Protestants, of neighbouring +countries in strict alliance, that he would move the captains to take +some pity on us. This inflamed his rage; he repeated his threatenings, +and turning to his companions, spoke with great vehemence in the +Japanese language, as I suppose, often using the word _Christianos_. + +The largest of the two pirate ships was commanded by a Japanese +captain, who spoke a little Dutch, but very imperfectly. He came up to +me, and after several questions, which I answered in great humility, he +said, “we should not die.” I made the captain a very low bow, and then, +turning to the Dutchman, said, “I was sorry to find more mercy in a +heathen, than in a brother christian.” But I had soon reason to repent +those foolish words: for that malicious reprobate, having often +endeavoured in vain to persuade both the captains that I might be +thrown into the sea (which they would not yield to, after the promise +made me that I should not die), however, prevailed so far, as to have a +punishment inflicted on me, worse, in all human appearance, than death +itself. My men were sent by an equal division into both the pirate +ships, and my sloop new manned. As to myself, it was determined that I +should be set adrift in a small canoe, with paddles and a sail, and +four days’ provisions; which last, the Japanese captain was so kind to +double out of his own stores, and would permit no man to search me. I +got down into the canoe, while the Dutchman, standing upon the deck, +loaded me with all the curses and injurious terms his language could +afford. + +About an hour before we saw the pirates I had taken an observation, and +found we were in the latitude of 46 N. and longitude of 183. When I was +at some distance from the pirates, I discovered, by my pocket-glass, +several islands to the south-east. I set up my sail, the wind being +fair, with a design to reach the nearest of those islands, which I made +a shift to do, in about three hours. It was all rocky: however I got +many birds’ eggs; and, striking fire, I kindled some heath and dry +sea-weed, by which I roasted my eggs. I ate no other supper, being +resolved to spare my provisions as much as I could. I passed the night +under the shelter of a rock, strewing some heath under me, and slept +pretty well. + +The next day I sailed to another island, and thence to a third and +fourth, sometimes using my sail, and sometimes my paddles. But, not to +trouble the reader with a particular account of my distresses, let it +suffice, that on the fifth day I arrived at the last island in my +sight, which lay south-south-east to the former. + +This island was at a greater distance than I expected, and I did not +reach it in less than five hours. I encompassed it almost round, before +I could find a convenient place to land in; which was a small creek, +about three times the wideness of my canoe. I found the island to be +all rocky, only a little intermingled with tufts of grass, and +sweet-smelling herbs. I took out my small provisions and after having +refreshed myself, I secured the remainder in a cave, whereof there were +great numbers; I gathered plenty of eggs upon the rocks, and got a +quantity of dry sea-weed, and parched grass, which I designed to kindle +the next day, and roast my eggs as well as I could, for I had about me +my flint, steel, match, and burning-glass. I lay all night in the cave +where I had lodged my provisions. My bed was the same dry grass and +sea-weed which I intended for fuel. I slept very little, for the +disquiets of my mind prevailed over my weariness, and kept me awake. I +considered how impossible it was to preserve my life in so desolate a +place, and how miserable my end must be: yet found myself so listless +and desponding, that I had not the heart to rise; and before I could +get spirits enough to creep out of my cave, the day was far advanced. I +walked awhile among the rocks: the sky was perfectly clear, and the sun +so hot, that I was forced to turn my face from it: when all on a sudden +it became obscure, as I thought, in a manner very different from what +happens by the interposition of a cloud. I turned back, and perceived a +vast opaque body between me and the sun moving forwards towards the +island: it seemed to be about two miles high, and hid the sun six or +seven minutes; but I did not observe the air to be much colder, or the +sky more darkened, than if I had stood under the shade of a mountain. +As it approached nearer over the place where I was, it appeared to be a +firm substance, the bottom flat, smooth, and shining very bright, from +the reflection of the sea below. I stood upon a height about two +hundred yards from the shore, and saw this vast body descending almost +to a parallel with me, at less than an English mile distance. I took +out my pocket perspective, and could plainly discover numbers of people +moving up and down the sides of it, which appeared to be sloping; but +what those people were doing I was not able to distinguish. + +The natural love of life gave me some inward motion of joy, and I was +ready to entertain a hope that this adventure might, some way or other, +help to deliver me from the desolate place and condition I was in. But +at the same time the reader can hardly conceive my astonishment, to +behold an island in the air, inhabited by men, who were able (as it +should seem) to raise or sink, or put it into progressive motion, as +they pleased. But not being at that time in a disposition to +philosophise upon this phenomenon, I rather chose to observe what +course the island would take, because it seemed for a while to stand +still. Yet soon after, it advanced nearer, and I could see the sides of +it encompassed with several gradations of galleries, and stairs, at +certain intervals, to descend from one to the other. In the lowest +gallery, I beheld some people fishing with long angling rods, and +others looking on. I waved my cap (for my hat was long since worn out) +and my handkerchief toward the island; and upon its nearer approach, I +called and shouted with the utmost strength of my voice; and then +looking circumspectly, I beheld a crowd gather to that side which was +most in my view. I found by their pointing towards me and to each +other, that they plainly discovered me, although they made no return to +my shouting. But I could see four or five men running in great haste, +up the stairs, to the top of the island, who then disappeared. I +happened rightly to conjecture, that these were sent for orders to some +person in authority upon this occasion. + +The number of people increased, and, in less than half an hour, the +island was moved and raised in such a manner, that the lowest gallery +appeared in a parallel of less than a hundred yards distance from the +height where I stood. I then put myself in the most supplicating +posture, and spoke in the humblest accent, but received no answer. +Those who stood nearest over against me, seemed to be persons of +distinction, as I supposed by their habit. They conferred earnestly +with each other, looking often upon me. At length one of them called +out in a clear, polite, smooth dialect, not unlike in sound to the +Italian: and therefore I returned an answer in that language, hoping at +least that the cadence might be more agreeable to his ears. Although +neither of us understood the other, yet my meaning was easily known, +for the people saw the distress I was in. + +They made signs for me to come down from the rock, and go towards the +shore, which I accordingly did; and the flying island being raised to a +convenient height, the verge directly over me, a chain was let down +from the lowest gallery, with a seat fastened to the bottom, to which I +fixed myself, and was drawn up by pulleys. + + +CHAPTER II. + +The humours and dispositions of the Laputians described. An account of +their learning. Of the king and his court. The author’s reception +there. The inhabitants subject to fear and disquietudes. An account of +the women. + + +At my alighting, I was surrounded with a crowd of people, but those who +stood nearest seemed to be of better quality. They beheld me with all +the marks and circumstances of wonder; neither indeed was I much in +their debt, having never till then seen a race of mortals so singular +in their shapes, habits, and countenances. Their heads were all +reclined, either to the right, or the left; one of their eyes turned +inward, and the other directly up to the zenith. Their outward garments +were adorned with the figures of suns, moons, and stars; interwoven +with those of fiddles, flutes, harps, trumpets, guitars, harpsichords, +and many other instruments of music, unknown to us in Europe. I +observed, here and there, many in the habit of servants, with a blown +bladder, fastened like a flail to the end of a stick, which they +carried in their hands. In each bladder was a small quantity of dried +peas, or little pebbles, as I was afterwards informed. With these +bladders, they now and then flapped the mouths and ears of those who +stood near them, of which practice I could not then conceive the +meaning. It seems the minds of these people are so taken up with +intense speculations, that they neither can speak, nor attend to the +discourses of others, without being roused by some external taction +upon the organs of speech and hearing; for which reason, those persons +who are able to afford it always keep a flapper (the original is +_climenole_) in their family, as one of their domestics; nor ever walk +abroad, or make visits, without him. And the business of this officer +is, when two, three, or more persons are in company, gently to strike +with his bladder the mouth of him who is to speak, and the right ear of +him or them to whom the speaker addresses himself. This flapper is +likewise employed diligently to attend his master in his walks, and +upon occasion to give him a soft flap on his eyes; because he is always +so wrapped up in cogitation, that he is in manifest danger of falling +down every precipice, and bouncing his head against every post; and in +the streets, of justling others, or being justled himself into the +kennel. + +It was necessary to give the reader this information, without which he +would be at the same loss with me to understand the proceedings of +these people, as they conducted me up the stairs to the top of the +island, and from thence to the royal palace. While we were ascending, +they forgot several times what they were about, and left me to myself, +till their memories were again roused by their flappers; for they +appeared altogether unmoved by the sight of my foreign habit and +countenance, and by the shouts of the vulgar, whose thoughts and minds +were more disengaged. + +At last we entered the palace, and proceeded into the chamber of +presence, where I saw the king seated on his throne, attended on each +side by persons of prime quality. Before the throne, was a large table +filled with globes and spheres, and mathematical instruments of all +kinds. His majesty took not the least notice of us, although our +entrance was not without sufficient noise, by the concourse of all +persons belonging to the court. But he was then deep in a problem; and +we attended at least an hour, before he could solve it. There stood by +him, on each side, a young page with flaps in their hands, and when +they saw he was at leisure, one of them gently struck his mouth, and +the other his right ear; at which he startled like one awaked on the +sudden, and looking towards me and the company I was in, recollected +the occasion of our coming, whereof he had been informed before. He +spoke some words, whereupon immediately a young man with a flap came up +to my side, and flapped me gently on the right ear; but I made signs, +as well as I could, that I had no occasion for such an instrument; +which, as I afterwards found, gave his majesty, and the whole court, a +very mean opinion of my understanding. The king, as far as I could +conjecture, asked me several questions, and I addressed myself to him +in all the languages I had. When it was found I could neither +understand nor be understood, I was conducted by his order to an +apartment in his palace (this prince being distinguished above all his +predecessors for his hospitality to strangers), where two servants were +appointed to attend me. My dinner was brought, and four persons of +quality, whom I remembered to have seen very near the king’s person, +did me the honour to dine with me. We had two courses, of three dishes +each. In the first course, there was a shoulder of mutton cut into an +equilateral triangle, a piece of beef into a rhomboides, and a pudding +into a cycloid. The second course was two ducks trussed up in the form +of fiddles; sausages and puddings resembling flutes and hautboys, and a +breast of veal in the shape of a harp. The servants cut our bread into +cones, cylinders, parallelograms, and several other mathematical +figures. + +While we were at dinner, I made bold to ask the names of several things +in their language, and those noble persons, by the assistance of their +flappers, delighted to give me answers, hoping to raise my admiration +of their great abilities if I could be brought to converse with them. I +was soon able to call for bread and drink, or whatever else I wanted. + +After dinner my company withdrew, and a person was sent to me by the +king’s order, attended by a flapper. He brought with him pen, ink, and +paper, and three or four books, giving me to understand by signs, that +he was sent to teach me the language. We sat together four hours, in +which time I wrote down a great number of words in columns, with the +translations over against them; I likewise made a shift to learn +several short sentences; for my tutor would order one of my servants to +fetch something, to turn about, to make a bow, to sit, or to stand, or +walk, and the like. Then I took down the sentence in writing. He showed +me also, in one of his books, the figures of the sun, moon, and stars, +the zodiac, the tropics, and polar circles, together with the +denominations of many planes and solids. He gave me the names and +descriptions of all the musical instruments, and the general terms of +art in playing on each of them. After he had left me, I placed all my +words, with their interpretations, in alphabetical order. And thus, in +a few days, by the help of a very faithful memory, I got some insight +into their language. The word, which I interpret the flying or floating +island, is in the original _Laputa_, whereof I could never learn the +true etymology. _Lap_, in the old obsolete language, signifies high; +and _untuh_, a governor; from which they say, by corruption, was +derived _Laputa_, from _Lapuntuh_. But I do not approve of this +derivation, which seems to be a little strained. I ventured to offer to +the learned among them a conjecture of my own, that Laputa was _quasi +lap outed_; _lap_, signifying properly, the dancing of the sunbeams in +the sea, and _outed_, a wing; which, however, I shall not obtrude, but +submit to the judicious reader. + +Those to whom the king had entrusted me, observing how ill I was clad, +ordered a tailor to come next morning, and take measure for a suit of +clothes. This operator did his office after a different manner from +those of his trade in Europe. He first took my altitude by a quadrant, +and then, with a rule and compasses, described the dimensions and +outlines of my whole body, all which he entered upon paper; and in six +days brought my clothes very ill made, and quite out of shape, by +happening to mistake a figure in the calculation. But my comfort was, +that I observed such accidents very frequent, and little regarded. + +During my confinement for want of clothes, and by an indisposition that +held me some days longer, I much enlarged my dictionary; and when I +went next to court, was able to understand many things the king spoke, +and to return him some kind of answers. His majesty had given orders, +that the island should move north-east and by east, to the vertical +point over Lagado, the metropolis of the whole kingdom below, upon the +firm earth. It was about ninety leagues distant, and our voyage lasted +four days and a half. I was not in the least sensible of the +progressive motion made in the air by the island. On the second +morning, about eleven o’clock, the king himself in person, attended by +his nobility, courtiers, and officers, having prepared all their +musical instruments, played on them for three hours without +intermission, so that I was quite stunned with the noise; neither could +I possibly guess the meaning, till my tutor informed me. He said that, +the people of their island had their ears adapted to hear “the music of +the spheres, which always played at certain periods, and the court was +now prepared to bear their part, in whatever instrument they most +excelled.” + +In our journey towards Lagado, the capital city, his majesty ordered +that the island should stop over certain towns and villages, from +whence he might receive the petitions of his subjects. And to this +purpose, several packthreads were let down, with small weights at the +bottom. On these packthreads the people strung their petitions, which +mounted up directly, like the scraps of paper fastened by schoolboys at +the end of the string that holds their kite. Sometimes we received wine +and victuals from below, which were drawn up by pulleys. + +The knowledge I had in mathematics gave me great assistance in +acquiring their phraseology, which depended much upon that science, and +music; and in the latter I was not unskilled. Their ideas are +perpetually conversant in lines and figures. If they would, for +example, praise the beauty of a woman, or any other animal, they +describe it by rhombs, circles, parallelograms, ellipses, and other +geometrical terms, or by words of art drawn from music, needless here +to repeat. I observed in the king’s kitchen all sorts of mathematical +and musical instruments, after the figures of which they cut up the +joints that were served to his majesty’s table. + +Their houses are very ill built, the walls bevel, without one right +angle in any apartment; and this defect arises from the contempt they +bear to practical geometry, which they despise as vulgar and mechanic; +those instructions they give being too refined for the intellects of +their workmen, which occasions perpetual mistakes. And although they +are dexterous enough upon a piece of paper, in the management of the +rule, the pencil, and the divider, yet in the common actions and +behaviour of life, I have not seen a more clumsy, awkward, and unhandy +people, nor so slow and perplexed in their conceptions upon all other +subjects, except those of mathematics and music. They are very bad +reasoners, and vehemently given to opposition, unless when they happen +to be of the right opinion, which is seldom their case. Imagination, +fancy, and invention, they are wholly strangers to, nor have any words +in their language, by which those ideas can be expressed; the whole +compass of their thoughts and mind being shut up within the two +forementioned sciences. + +Most of them, and especially those who deal in the astronomical part, +have great faith in judicial astrology, although they are ashamed to +own it publicly. But what I chiefly admired, and thought altogether +unaccountable, was the strong disposition I observed in them towards +news and politics, perpetually inquiring into public affairs, giving +their judgments in matters of state, and passionately disputing every +inch of a party opinion. I have indeed observed the same disposition +among most of the mathematicians I have known in Europe, although I +could never discover the least analogy between the two sciences; unless +those people suppose, that because the smallest circle has as many +degrees as the largest, therefore the regulation and management of the +world require no more abilities than the handling and turning of a +globe; but I rather take this quality to spring from a very common +infirmity of human nature, inclining us to be most curious and +conceited in matters where we have least concern, and for which we are +least adapted by study or nature. + +These people are under continual disquietudes, never enjoying a +minute’s peace of mind; and their disturbances proceed from causes +which very little affect the rest of mortals. Their apprehensions arise +from several changes they dread in the celestial bodies: for instance, +that the earth, by the continual approaches of the sun towards it, +must, in course of time, be absorbed, or swallowed up; that the face of +the sun, will, by degrees, be encrusted with its own effluvia, and give +no more light to the world; that the earth very narrowly escaped a +brush from the tail of the last comet, which would have infallibly +reduced it to ashes; and that the next, which they have calculated for +one-and-thirty years hence, will probably destroy us. For if, in its +perihelion, it should approach within a certain degree of the sun (as +by their calculations they have reason to dread) it will receive a +degree of heat ten thousand times more intense than that of red hot +glowing iron, and in its absence from the sun, carry a blazing tail ten +hundred thousand and fourteen miles long, through which, if the earth +should pass at the distance of one hundred thousand miles from the +nucleus, or main body of the comet, it must in its passage be set on +fire, and reduced to ashes: that the sun, daily spending its rays +without any nutriment to supply them, will at last be wholly consumed +and annihilated; which must be attended with the destruction of this +earth, and of all the planets that receive their light from it. + +They are so perpetually alarmed with the apprehensions of these, and +the like impending dangers, that they can neither sleep quietly in +their beds, nor have any relish for the common pleasures and amusements +of life. When they meet an acquaintance in the morning, the first +question is about the sun’s health, how he looked at his setting and +rising, and what hopes they have to avoid the stroke of the approaching +comet. This conversation they are apt to run into with the same temper +that boys discover in delighting to hear terrible stories of spirits +and hobgoblins, which they greedily listen to, and dare not go to bed +for fear. + +The women of the island have abundance of vivacity: they contemn their +husbands, and are exceedingly fond of strangers, whereof there is +always a considerable number from the continent below, attending at +court, either upon affairs of the several towns and corporations, or +their own particular occasions, but are much despised, because they +want the same endowments. Among these the ladies choose their gallants: +but the vexation is, that they act with too much ease and security; for +the husband is always so rapt in speculation, that the mistress and +lover may proceed to the greatest familiarities before his face, if he +be but provided with paper and implements, and without his flapper at +his side. + +The wives and daughters lament their confinement to the island, +although I think it the most delicious spot of ground in the world; and +although they live here in the greatest plenty and magnificence, and +are allowed to do whatever they please, they long to see the world, and +take the diversions of the metropolis, which they are not allowed to do +without a particular license from the king; and this is not easy to be +obtained, because the people of quality have found, by frequent +experience, how hard it is to persuade their women to return from +below. I was told that a great court lady, who had several children,—is +married to the prime minister, the richest subject in the kingdom, a +very graceful person, extremely fond of her, and lives in the finest +palace of the island,—went down to Lagado on the pretence of health, +there hid herself for several months, till the king sent a warrant to +search for her; and she was found in an obscure eating-house all in +rags, having pawned her clothes to maintain an old deformed footman, +who beat her every day, and in whose company she was taken, much +against her will. And although her husband received her with all +possible kindness, and without the least reproach, she soon after +contrived to steal down again, with all her jewels, to the same +gallant, and has not been heard of since. + +This may perhaps pass with the reader rather for an European or English +story, than for one of a country so remote. But he may please to +consider, that the caprices of womankind are not limited by any climate +or nation, and that they are much more uniform, than can be easily +imagined. + +In about a month’s time, I had made a tolerable proficiency in their +language, and was able to answer most of the king’s questions, when I +had the honour to attend him. His majesty discovered not the least +curiosity to inquire into the laws, government, history, religion, or +manners of the countries where I had been; but confined his questions +to the state of mathematics, and received the account I gave him with +great contempt and indifference, though often roused by his flapper on +each side. + + +CHAPTER III. + +A phenomenon solved by modern philosophy and astronomy. The Laputians’ +great improvements in the latter. The king’s method of suppressing +insurrections. + + +I desired leave of this prince to see the curiosities of the island, +which he was graciously pleased to grant, and ordered my tutor to +attend me. I chiefly wanted to know, to what cause, in art or in +nature, it owed its several motions, whereof I will now give a +philosophical account to the reader. + +The flying or floating island is exactly circular, its diameter 7837 +yards, or about four miles and a half, and consequently contains ten +thousand acres. It is three hundred yards thick. The bottom, or under +surface, which appears to those who view it below, is one even regular +plate of adamant, shooting up to the height of about two hundred yards. +Above it lie the several minerals in their usual order, and over all is +a coat of rich mould, ten or twelve feet deep. The declivity of the +upper surface, from the circumference to the centre, is the natural +cause why all the dews and rains, which fall upon the island, are +conveyed in small rivulets toward the middle, where they are emptied +into four large basins, each of about half a mile in circuit, and two +hundred yards distant from the centre. From these basins the water is +continually exhaled by the sun in the daytime, which effectually +prevents their overflowing. Besides, as it is in the power of the +monarch to raise the island above the region of clouds and vapours, he +can prevent the falling of dews and rain whenever he pleases. For the +highest clouds cannot rise above two miles, as naturalists agree, at +least they were never known to do so in that country. + +At the centre of the island there is a chasm about fifty yards in +diameter, whence the astronomers descend into a large dome, which is +therefore called _flandona gagnole_, or the astronomer’s cave, situated +at the depth of a hundred yards beneath the upper surface of the +adamant. In this cave are twenty lamps continually burning, which, from +the reflection of the adamant, cast a strong light into every part. The +place is stored with great variety of sextants, quadrants, telescopes, +astrolabes, and other astronomical instruments. But the greatest +curiosity, upon which the fate of the island depends, is a loadstone of +a prodigious size, in shape resembling a weaver’s shuttle. It is in +length six yards, and in the thickest part at least three yards over. +This magnet is sustained by a very strong axle of adamant passing +through its middle, upon which it plays, and is poised so exactly that +the weakest hand can turn it. It is hooped round with a hollow cylinder +of adamant, four feet deep, as many thick, and twelve yards in +diameter, placed horizontally, and supported by eight adamantine feet, +each six yards high. In the middle of the concave side, there is a +groove twelve inches deep, in which the extremities of the axle are +lodged, and turned round as there is occasion. + +The stone cannot be removed from its place by any force, because the +hoop and its feet are one continued piece with that body of adamant +which constitutes the bottom of the island. + +By means of this loadstone, the island is made to rise and fall, and +move from one place to another. For, with respect to that part of the +earth over which the monarch presides, the stone is endued at one of +its sides with an attractive power, and at the other with a repulsive. +Upon placing the magnet erect, with its attracting end towards the +earth, the island descends; but when the repelling extremity points +downwards, the island mounts directly upwards. When the position of the +stone is oblique, the motion of the island is so too. For in this +magnet, the forces always act in lines parallel to its direction. + +By this oblique motion, the island is conveyed to different parts of +the monarch’s dominions. To explain the manner of its progress, let _A_ +_B_ represent a line drawn across the dominions of Balnibarbi, let the +line _c_ _d_ represent the loadstone, of which let _d_ be the repelling +end, and _c_ the attracting end, the island being over _C_; let the +stone be placed in the position _c_ _d_, with its repelling end +downwards; then the island will be driven upwards obliquely towards +_D_. When it is arrived at _D_, let the stone be turned upon its axle, +till its attracting end points towards _E_, and then the island will be +carried obliquely towards _E_; where, if the stone be again turned upon +its axle till it stands in the position _E_ _F_, with its repelling +point downwards, the island will rise obliquely towards _F_, where, by +directing the attracting end towards _G_, the island may be carried to +_G_, and from _G_ to _H_, by turning the stone, so as to make its +repelling extremity to point directly downward. And thus, by changing +the situation of the stone, as often as there is occasion, the island +is made to rise and fall by turns in an oblique direction, and by those +alternate risings and fallings (the obliquity being not considerable) +is conveyed from one part of the dominions to the other. + +But it must be observed, that this island cannot move beyond the extent +of the dominions below, nor can it rise above the height of four miles. +For which the astronomers (who have written large systems concerning +the stone) assign the following reason: that the magnetic virtue does +not extend beyond the distance of four miles, and that the mineral, +which acts upon the stone in the bowels of the earth, and in the sea +about six leagues distant from the shore, is not diffused through the +whole globe, but terminated with the limits of the king’s dominions; +and it was easy, from the great advantage of such a superior situation, +for a prince to bring under his obedience whatever country lay within +the attraction of that magnet. + +When the stone is put parallel to the plane of the horizon, the island +stands still; for in that case the extremities of it, being at equal +distance from the earth, act with equal force, the one in drawing +downwards, the other in pushing upwards, and consequently no motion can +ensue. + +This loadstone is under the care of certain astronomers, who, from time +to time, give it such positions as the monarch directs. They spend the +greatest part of their lives in observing the celestial bodies, which +they do by the assistance of glasses, far excelling ours in goodness. +For, although their largest telescopes do not exceed three feet, they +magnify much more than those of a hundred with us, and show the stars +with greater clearness. This advantage has enabled them to extend their +discoveries much further than our astronomers in Europe; for they have +made a catalogue of ten thousand fixed stars, whereas the largest of +ours do not contain above one third part of that number. They have +likewise discovered two lesser stars, or satellites, which revolve +about Mars; whereof the innermost is distant from the centre of the +primary planet exactly three of his diameters, and the outermost, five; +the former revolves in the space of ten hours, and the latter in +twenty-one and a half; so that the squares of their periodical times +are very near in the same proportion with the cubes of their distance +from the centre of Mars; which evidently shows them to be governed by +the same law of gravitation that influences the other heavenly bodies. + +They have observed ninety-three different comets, and settled their +periods with great exactness. If this be true (and they affirm it with +great confidence) it is much to be wished, that their observations were +made public, whereby the theory of comets, which at present is very +lame and defective, might be brought to the same perfection with other +arts of astronomy. + +The king would be the most absolute prince in the universe, if he could +but prevail on a ministry to join with him; but these having their +estates below on the continent, and considering that the office of a +favourite has a very uncertain tenure, would never consent to the +enslaving of their country. + +If any town should engage in rebellion or mutiny, fall into violent +factions, or refuse to pay the usual tribute, the king has two methods +of reducing them to obedience. The first and the mildest course is, by +keeping the island hovering over such a town, and the lands about it, +whereby he can deprive them of the benefit of the sun and the rain, and +consequently afflict the inhabitants with dearth and diseases. And if +the crime deserve it, they are at the same time pelted from above with +great stones, against which they have no defence but by creeping into +cellars or caves, while the roofs of their houses are beaten to pieces. +But if they still continue obstinate, or offer to raise insurrections, +he proceeds to the last remedy, by letting the island drop directly +upon their heads, which makes a universal destruction both of houses +and men. However, this is an extremity to which the prince is seldom +driven, neither indeed is he willing to put it in execution; nor dare +his ministers advise him to an action, which, as it would render them +odious to the people, so it would be a great damage to their own +estates, which all lie below; for the island is the king’s demesne. + +But there is still indeed a more weighty reason, why the kings of this +country have been always averse from executing so terrible an action, +unless upon the utmost necessity. For, if the town intended to be +destroyed should have in it any tall rocks, as it generally falls out +in the larger cities, a situation probably chosen at first with a view +to prevent such a catastrophe; or if it abound in high spires, or +pillars of stone, a sudden fall might endanger the bottom or under +surface of the island, which, although it consist, as I have said, of +one entire adamant, two hundred yards thick, might happen to crack by +too great a shock, or burst by approaching too near the fires from the +houses below, as the backs, both of iron and stone, will often do in +our chimneys. Of all this the people are well apprised, and understand +how far to carry their obstinacy, where their liberty or property is +concerned. And the king, when he is highest provoked, and most +determined to press a city to rubbish, orders the island to descend +with great gentleness, out of a pretence of tenderness to his people, +but, indeed, for fear of breaking the adamantine bottom; in which case, +it is the opinion of all their philosophers, that the loadstone could +no longer hold it up, and the whole mass would fall to the ground. + +About three years before my arrival among them, while the king was in +his progress over his dominions, there happened an extraordinary +accident which had like to have put a period to the fate of that +monarchy, at least as it is now instituted. Lindalino, the second city +in the kingdom, was the first his majesty visited in his progress. +Three days after his departure the inhabitants, who had often +complained of great oppressions, shut the town gates, seized on the +governor, and with incredible speed and labour erected four large +towers, one at every corner of the city (which is an exact square), +equal in height to a strong pointed rock that stands directly in the +centre of the city. Upon the top of each tower, as well as upon the +rock, they fixed a great loadstone, and in case their design should +fail, they had provided a vast quantity of the most combustible fuel, +hoping to burst therewith the adamantine bottom of the island, if the +loadstone project should miscarry. + +It was eight months before the king had perfect notice that the +Lindalinians were in rebellion. He then commanded that the island +should be wafted over the city. The people were unanimous, and had laid +in store of provisions, and a great river runs through the middle of +the town. The king hovered over them several days to deprive them of +the sun and the rain. He ordered many packthreads to be let down, yet +not a person offered to send up a petition, but instead thereof very +bold demands, the redress of all their grievances, great immunities, +the choice of their own governor, and other the like exorbitances. Upon +which his majesty commanded all the inhabitants of the island to cast +great stones from the lower gallery into the town; but the citizens had +provided against this mischief by conveying their persons and effects +into the four towers, and other strong buildings, and vaults +underground. + +The king being now determined to reduce this proud people, ordered that +the island should descend gently within forty yards of the top of the +towers and rock. This was accordingly done; but the officers employed +in that work found the descent much speedier than usual, and by turning +the loadstone could not without great difficulty keep it in a firm +position, but found the island inclining to fall. They sent the king +immediate intelligence of this astonishing event, and begged his +majesty’s permission to raise the island higher; the king consented, a +general council was called, and the officers of the loadstone ordered +to attend. One of the oldest and expertest among them obtained leave to +try an experiment, he took a strong line of an hundred yards, and the +island being raised over the town above the attracting power they had +felt, he fastened a piece of adamant to the end of his line, which had +in it a mixture of iron mineral, of the same nature with that whereof +the bottom or lower surface of the island is composed, and from the +lower gallery let it down slowly towards the top of the towers. The +adamant was not descended four yards, before the officer felt it drawn +so strongly downwards that he could hardly pull it back, he then threw +down several small pieces of adamant, and observed that they were all +violently attracted by the top of the tower. The same experiment was +made on the other three towers, and on the rock with the same effect. + +This incident broke entirely the king’s measures, and (to dwell no +longer on other circumstances) he was forced to give the town their own +conditions. + +I was assured by a great minister that if the island had descended so +near the town as not to be able to raise itself, the citizens were +determined to fix it for ever, to kill the king and all his servants, +and entirely change the government. + +By a fundamental law of this realm, neither the king, nor either of his +two eldest sons, are permitted to leave the island; nor the queen, till +she is past child-bearing. + + +CHAPTER IV. + +The author leaves Laputa; is conveyed to Balnibarbi; arrives at the +metropolis. A description of the metropolis, and the country adjoining. +The author hospitably received by a great lord. His conversation with +that lord. + + +Although I cannot say that I was ill treated in this island, yet I must +confess I thought myself too much neglected, not without some degree of +contempt; for neither prince nor people appeared to be curious in any +part of knowledge, except mathematics and music, wherein I was far +their inferior, and upon that account very little regarded. + +On the other side, after having seen all the curiosities of the island, +I was very desirous to leave it, being heartily weary of those people. +They were indeed excellent in two sciences for which I have great +esteem, and wherein I am not unversed; but, at the same time, so +abstracted and involved in speculation, that I never met with such +disagreeable companions. I conversed only with women, tradesmen, +flappers, and court-pages, during two months of my abode there; by +which, at last, I rendered myself extremely contemptible; yet these +were the only people from whom I could ever receive a reasonable +answer. + +I had obtained, by hard study, a good degree of knowledge in their +language; I was weary of being confined to an island where I received +so little countenance, and resolved to leave it with the first +opportunity. + +There was a great lord at court, nearly related to the king, and for +that reason alone used with respect. He was universally reckoned the +most ignorant and stupid person among them. He had performed many +eminent services for the crown, had great natural and acquired parts, +adorned with integrity and honour; but so ill an ear for music, that +his detractors reported, “he had been often known to beat time in the +wrong place;” neither could his tutors, without extreme difficulty, +teach him to demonstrate the most easy proposition in the mathematics. +He was pleased to show me many marks of favour, often did me the honour +of a visit, desired to be informed in the affairs of Europe, the laws +and customs, the manners and learning of the several countries where I +had travelled. He listened to me with great attention, and made very +wise observations on all I spoke. He had two flappers attending him for +state, but never made use of them, except at court and in visits of +ceremony, and would always command them to withdraw, when we were alone +together. + +I entreated this illustrious person, to intercede in my behalf with his +majesty, for leave to depart; which he accordingly did, as he was +pleased to tell me, with regret: for indeed he had made me several +offers very advantageous, which, however, I refused, with expressions +of the highest acknowledgment. + +On the 16th day of February I took leave of his majesty and the court. +The king made me a present to the value of about two hundred pounds +English, and my protector, his kinsman, as much more, together with a +letter of recommendation to a friend of his in Lagado, the metropolis. +The island being then hovering over a mountain about two miles from it, +I was let down from the lowest gallery, in the same manner as I had +been taken up. + +The continent, as far as it is subject to the monarch of the flying +island, passes under the general name of _Balnibarbi_; and the +metropolis, as I said before, is called _Lagado_. I felt some little +satisfaction in finding myself on firm ground. I walked to the city +without any concern, being clad like one of the natives, and +sufficiently instructed to converse with them. I soon found out the +person’s house to whom I was recommended, presented my letter from his +friend the grandee in the island, and was received with much kindness. +This great lord, whose name was Munodi, ordered me an apartment in his +own house, where I continued during my stay, and was entertained in a +most hospitable manner. + +The next morning after my arrival, he took me in his chariot to see the +town, which is about half the bigness of London; but the houses very +strangely built, and most of them out of repair. The people in the +streets walked fast, looked wild, their eyes fixed, and were generally +in rags. We passed through one of the town gates, and went about three +miles into the country, where I saw many labourers working with several +sorts of tools in the ground, but was not able to conjecture what they +were about; neither did I observe any expectation either of corn or +grass, although the soil appeared to be excellent. I could not forbear +admiring at these odd appearances, both in town and country; and I made +bold to desire my conductor, that he would be pleased to explain to me, +what could be meant by so many busy heads, hands, and faces, both in +the streets and the fields, because I did not discover any good effects +they produced; but, on the contrary, I never knew a soil so unhappily +cultivated, houses so ill contrived and so ruinous, or a people whose +countenances and habit expressed so much misery and want. + +This lord Munodi was a person of the first rank, and had been some +years governor of Lagado; but, by a cabal of ministers, was discharged +for insufficiency. However, the king treated him with tenderness, as a +well-meaning man, but of a low contemptible understanding. + +When I gave that free censure of the country and its inhabitants, he +made no further answer than by telling me, “that I had not been long +enough among them to form a judgment; and that the different nations of +the world had different customs;” with other common topics to the same +purpose. But, when we returned to his palace, he asked me “how I liked +the building, what absurdities I observed, and what quarrel I had with +the dress or looks of his domestics?” This he might safely do; because +every thing about him was magnificent, regular, and polite. I answered, +“that his excellency’s prudence, quality, and fortune, had exempted him +from those defects, which folly and beggary had produced in others.” He +said, “if I would go with him to his country-house, about twenty miles +distant, where his estate lay, there would be more leisure for this +kind of conversation.” I told his excellency “that I was entirely at +his disposal;” and accordingly we set out next morning. + +During our journey he made me observe the several methods used by +farmers in managing their lands, which to me were wholly unaccountable; +for, except in some very few places, I could not discover one ear of +corn or blade of grass. But, in three hours travelling, the scene was +wholly altered; we came into a most beautiful country; farmers’ houses, +at small distances, neatly built; the fields enclosed, containing +vineyards, corn-grounds, and meadows. Neither do I remember to have +seen a more delightful prospect. His excellency observed my countenance +to clear up; he told me, with a sigh, “that there his estate began, and +would continue the same, till we should come to his house: that his +countrymen ridiculed and despised him, for managing his affairs no +better, and for setting so ill an example to the kingdom; which, +however, was followed by very few, such as were old, and wilful, and +weak like himself.” + +We came at length to the house, which was indeed a noble structure, +built according to the best rules of ancient architecture. The +fountains, gardens, walks, avenues, and groves, were all disposed with +exact judgment and taste. I gave due praises to every thing I saw, +whereof his excellency took not the least notice till after supper; +when, there being no third companion, he told me with a very melancholy +air “that he doubted he must throw down his houses in town and country, +to rebuild them after the present mode; destroy all his plantations, +and cast others into such a form as modern usage required, and give the +same directions to all his tenants, unless he would submit to incur the +censure of pride, singularity, affectation, ignorance, caprice, and +perhaps increase his majesty’s displeasure; that the admiration I +appeared to be under would cease or diminish, when he had informed me +of some particulars which, probably, I never heard of at court, the +people there being too much taken up in their own speculations, to have +regard to what passed here below.” + +The sum of his discourse was to this effect: “That about forty years +ago, certain persons went up to Laputa, either upon business or +diversion, and, after five months continuance, came back with a very +little smattering in mathematics, but full of volatile spirits acquired +in that airy region: that these persons, upon their return, began to +dislike the management of every thing below, and fell into schemes of +putting all arts, sciences, languages, and mechanics, upon a new foot. +To this end, they procured a royal patent for erecting an academy of +projectors in Lagado; and the humour prevailed so strongly among the +people, that there is not a town of any consequence in the kingdom +without such an academy. In these colleges the professors contrive new +rules and methods of agriculture and building, and new instruments, and +tools for all trades and manufactures; whereby, as they undertake, one +man shall do the work of ten; a palace may be built in a week, of +materials so durable as to last for ever without repairing. All the +fruits of the earth shall come to maturity at whatever season we think +fit to choose, and increase a hundred fold more than they do at +present; with innumerable other happy proposals. The only inconvenience +is, that none of these projects are yet brought to perfection; and in +the mean time, the whole country lies miserably waste, the houses in +ruins, and the people without food or clothes. By all which, instead of +being discouraged, they are fifty times more violently bent upon +prosecuting their schemes, driven equally on by hope and despair: that +as for himself, being not of an enterprising spirit, he was content to +go on in the old forms, to live in the houses his ancestors had built, +and act as they did, in every part of life, without innovation: that +some few other persons of quality and gentry had done the same, but +were looked on with an eye of contempt and ill-will, as enemies to art, +ignorant, and ill common-wealth’s men, preferring their own ease and +sloth before the general improvement of their country.” + +His lordship added, “That he would not, by any further particulars, +prevent the pleasure I should certainly take in viewing the grand +academy, whither he was resolved I should go.” He only desired me to +observe a ruined building, upon the side of a mountain about three +miles distant, of which he gave me this account: “That he had a very +convenient mill within half a mile of his house, turned by a current +from a large river, and sufficient for his own family, as well as a +great number of his tenants; that about seven years ago, a club of +those projectors came to him with proposals to destroy this mill, and +build another on the side of that mountain, on the long ridge whereof a +long canal must be cut, for a repository of water, to be conveyed up by +pipes and engines to supply the mill, because the wind and air upon a +height agitated the water, and thereby made it fitter for motion, and +because the water, descending down a declivity, would turn the mill +with half the current of a river whose course is more upon a level.” He +said, “that being then not very well with the court, and pressed by +many of his friends, he complied with the proposal; and after employing +a hundred men for two years, the work miscarried, the projectors went +off, laying the blame entirely upon him, railing at him ever since, and +putting others upon the same experiment, with equal assurance of +success, as well as equal disappointment.” + +In a few days we came back to town; and his excellency, considering the +bad character he had in the academy, would not go with me himself, but +recommended me to a friend of his, to bear me company thither. My lord +was pleased to represent me as a great admirer of projects, and a +person of much curiosity and easy belief; which, indeed, was not +without truth; for I had myself been a sort of projector in my younger +days. + + +CHAPTER V. + +The author permitted to see the grand academy of Lagado. The academy +largely described. The arts wherein the professors employ themselves. + + +This academy is not an entire single building, but a continuation of +several houses on both sides of a street, which growing waste, was +purchased and applied to that use. + +I was received very kindly by the warden, and went for many days to the +academy. Every room has in it one or more projectors; and I believe I +could not be in fewer than five hundred rooms. + +The first man I saw was of a meagre aspect, with sooty hands and face, +his hair and beard long, ragged, and singed in several places. His +clothes, shirt, and skin, were all of the same colour. He had been +eight years upon a project for extracting sunbeams out of cucumbers, +which were to be put in phials hermetically sealed, and let out to warm +the air in raw inclement summers. He told me, he did not doubt, that, +in eight years more, he should be able to supply the governor’s gardens +with sunshine, at a reasonable rate; but he complained that his stock +was low, and entreated me “to give him something as an encouragement to +ingenuity, especially since this had been a very dear season for +cucumbers.” I made him a small present, for my lord had furnished me +with money on purpose, because he knew their practice of begging from +all who go to see them. + +I went into another chamber, but was ready to hasten back, being almost +overcome with a horrible stink. My conductor pressed me forward, +conjuring me in a whisper “to give no offence, which would be highly +resented;” and therefore I durst not so much as stop my nose. The +projector of this cell was the most ancient student of the academy; his +face and beard were of a pale yellow; his hands and clothes daubed over +with filth. When I was presented to him, he gave me a close embrace, a +compliment I could well have excused. His employment, from his first +coming into the academy, was an operation to reduce human excrement to +its original food, by separating the several parts, removing the +tincture which it receives from the gall, making the odour exhale, and +scumming off the saliva. He had a weekly allowance, from the society, +of a vessel filled with human ordure, about the bigness of a Bristol +barrel. + +I saw another at work to calcine ice into gunpowder; who likewise +showed me a treatise he had written concerning the malleability of +fire, which he intended to publish. + +There was a most ingenious architect, who had contrived a new method +for building houses, by beginning at the roof, and working downward to +the foundation; which he justified to me, by the like practice of those +two prudent insects, the bee and the spider. + +There was a man born blind, who had several apprentices in his own +condition: their employment was to mix colours for painters, which +their master taught them to distinguish by feeling and smelling. It was +indeed my misfortune to find them at that time not very perfect in +their lessons, and the professor himself happened to be generally +mistaken. This artist is much encouraged and esteemed by the whole +fraternity. + +In another apartment I was highly pleased with a projector who had +found a device of ploughing the ground with hogs, to save the charges +of ploughs, cattle, and labour. The method is this: in an acre of +ground you bury, at six inches distance and eight deep, a quantity of +acorns, dates, chestnuts, and other mast or vegetables, whereof these +animals are fondest; then you drive six hundred or more of them into +the field, where, in a few days, they will root up the whole ground in +search of their food, and make it fit for sowing, at the same time +manuring it with their dung: it is true, upon experiment, they found +the charge and trouble very great, and they had little or no crop. +However it is not doubted, that this invention may be capable of great +improvement. + +I went into another room, where the walls and ceiling were all hung +round with cobwebs, except a narrow passage for the artist to go in and +out. At my entrance, he called aloud to me, “not to disturb his webs.” +He lamented “the fatal mistake the world had been so long in, of using +silkworms, while we had such plenty of domestic insects who infinitely +excelled the former, because they understood how to weave, as well as +spin.” And he proposed further, “that by employing spiders, the charge +of dyeing silks should be wholly saved;” whereof I was fully convinced, +when he showed me a vast number of flies most beautifully coloured, +wherewith he fed his spiders, assuring us “that the webs would take a +tincture from them; and as he had them of all hues, he hoped to fit +everybody’s fancy, as soon as he could find proper food for the flies, +of certain gums, oils, and other glutinous matter, to give a strength +and consistence to the threads.” + +There was an astronomer, who had undertaken to place a sun-dial upon +the great weathercock on the town-house, by adjusting the annual and +diurnal motions of the earth and sun, so as to answer and coincide with +all accidental turnings of the wind. + +I was complaining of a small fit of the colic, upon which my conductor +led me into a room where a great physician resided, who was famous for +curing that disease, by contrary operations from the same instrument. +He had a large pair of bellows, with a long slender muzzle of ivory. +This he conveyed eight inches up the anus, and drawing in the wind, he +affirmed he could make the guts as lank as a dried bladder. But when +the disease was more stubborn and violent, he let in the muzzle while +the bellows were full of wind, which he discharged into the body of the +patient; then withdrew the instrument to replenish it, clapping his +thumb strongly against the orifice of the fundament; and this being +repeated three or four times, the adventitious wind would rush out, +bringing the noxious along with it, (like water put into a pump), and +the patient recovered. I saw him try both experiments upon a dog, but +could not discern any effect from the former. After the latter the +animal was ready to burst, and made so violent a discharge as was very +offensive to me and my companions. The dog died on the spot, and we +left the doctor endeavouring to recover him, by the same operation. + +I visited many other apartments, but shall not trouble my reader with +all the curiosities I observed, being studious of brevity. + +I had hitherto seen only one side of the academy, the other being +appropriated to the advancers of speculative learning, of whom I shall +say something, when I have mentioned one illustrious person more, who +is called among them “the universal artist.” He told us “he had been +thirty years employing his thoughts for the improvement of human life.” +He had two large rooms full of wonderful curiosities, and fifty men at +work. Some were condensing air into a dry tangible substance, by +extracting the nitre, and letting the aqueous or fluid particles +percolate; others softening marble, for pillows and pin-cushions; +others petrifying the hoofs of a living horse, to preserve them from +foundering. The artist himself was at that time busy upon two great +designs; the first, to sow land with chaff, wherein he affirmed the +true seminal virtue to be contained, as he demonstrated by several +experiments, which I was not skilful enough to comprehend. The other +was, by a certain composition of gums, minerals, and vegetables, +outwardly applied, to prevent the growth of wool upon two young lambs; +and he hoped, in a reasonable time to propagate the breed of naked +sheep, all over the kingdom. + +We crossed a walk to the other part of the academy, where, as I have +already said, the projectors in speculative learning resided. + +The first professor I saw, was in a very large room, with forty pupils +about him. After salutation, observing me to look earnestly upon a +frame, which took up the greatest part of both the length and breadth +of the room, he said, “Perhaps I might wonder to see him employed in a +project for improving speculative knowledge, by practical and +mechanical operations. But the world would soon be sensible of its +usefulness; and he flattered himself, that a more noble, exalted +thought never sprang in any other man’s head. Every one knew how +laborious the usual method is of attaining to arts and sciences; +whereas, by his contrivance, the most ignorant person, at a reasonable +charge, and with a little bodily labour, might write books in +philosophy, poetry, politics, laws, mathematics, and theology, without +the least assistance from genius or study.” He then led me to the +frame, about the sides, whereof all his pupils stood in ranks. It was +twenty feet square, placed in the middle of the room. The superficies +was composed of several bits of wood, about the bigness of a die, but +some larger than others. They were all linked together by slender +wires. These bits of wood were covered, on every square, with paper +pasted on them; and on these papers were written all the words of their +language, in their several moods, tenses, and declensions; but without +any order. The professor then desired me “to observe; for he was going +to set his engine at work.” The pupils, at his command, took each of +them hold of an iron handle, whereof there were forty fixed round the +edges of the frame; and giving them a sudden turn, the whole +disposition of the words was entirely changed. He then commanded +six-and-thirty of the lads, to read the several lines softly, as they +appeared upon the frame; and where they found three or four words +together that might make part of a sentence, they dictated to the four +remaining boys, who were scribes. This work was repeated three or four +times, and at every turn, the engine was so contrived, that the words +shifted into new places, as the square bits of wood moved upside down. + +The frame + + +Six hours a day the young students were employed in this labour; and +the professor showed me several volumes in large folio, already +collected, of broken sentences, which he intended to piece together, +and out of those rich materials, to give the world a complete body of +all arts and sciences; which, however, might be still improved, and +much expedited, if the public would raise a fund for making and +employing five hundred such frames in Lagado, and oblige the managers +to contribute in common their several collections. + +He assured me “that this invention had employed all his thoughts from +his youth; that he had emptied the whole vocabulary into his frame, and +made the strictest computation of the general proportion there is in +books between the numbers of particles, nouns, and verbs, and other +parts of speech.” + +I made my humblest acknowledgment to this illustrious person, for his +great communicativeness; and promised, “if ever I had the good fortune +to return to my native country, that I would do him justice, as the +sole inventor of this wonderful machine;” the form and contrivance of +which I desired leave to delineate on paper, as in the figure here +annexed. I told him, “although it were the custom of our learned in +Europe to steal inventions from each other, who had thereby at least +this advantage, that it became a controversy which was the right owner; +yet I would take such caution, that he should have the honour entire, +without a rival.” + +We next went to the school of languages, where three professors sat in +consultation upon improving that of their own country. + +The first project was, to shorten discourse, by cutting polysyllables +into one, and leaving out verbs and participles, because, in reality, +all things imaginable are but norms. + +The other project was, a scheme for entirely abolishing all words +whatsoever; and this was urged as a great advantage in point of health, +as well as brevity. For it is plain, that every word we speak is, in +some degree, a diminution of our lungs by corrosion, and, consequently, +contributes to the shortening of our lives. An expedient was therefore +offered, “that since words are only names for _things_, it would be +more convenient for all men to carry about them such things as were +necessary to express a particular business they are to discourse on.” +And this invention would certainly have taken place, to the great ease +as well as health of the subject, if the women, in conjunction with the +vulgar and illiterate, had not threatened to raise a rebellion unless +they might be allowed the liberty to speak with their tongues, after +the manner of their forefathers; such constant irreconcilable enemies +to science are the common people. However, many of the most learned and +wise adhere to the new scheme of expressing themselves by things; which +has only this inconvenience attending it, that if a man’s business be +very great, and of various kinds, he must be obliged, in proportion, to +carry a greater bundle of things upon his back, unless he can afford +one or two strong servants to attend him. I have often beheld two of +those sages almost sinking under the weight of their packs, like +pedlars among us, who, when they met in the street, would lay down +their loads, open their sacks, and hold conversation for an hour +together; then put up their implements, help each other to resume their +burdens, and take their leave. + +But for short conversations, a man may carry implements in his pockets, +and under his arms, enough to supply him; and in his house, he cannot +be at a loss. Therefore the room where company meet who practise this +art, is full of all things, ready at hand, requisite to furnish matter +for this kind of artificial converse. + +Another great advantage proposed by this invention was, that it would +serve as a universal language, to be understood in all civilised +nations, whose goods and utensils are generally of the same kind, or +nearly resembling, so that their uses might easily be comprehended. And +thus ambassadors would be qualified to treat with foreign princes, or +ministers of state, to whose tongues they were utter strangers. + +I was at the mathematical school, where the master taught his pupils +after a method scarce imaginable to us in Europe. The proposition, and +demonstration, were fairly written on a thin wafer, with ink composed +of a cephalic tincture. This, the student was to swallow upon a fasting +stomach, and for three days following, eat nothing but bread and water. +As the wafer digested, the tincture mounted to his brain, bearing the +proposition along with it. But the success has not hitherto been +answerable, partly by some error in the _quantum_ or composition, and +partly by the perverseness of lads, to whom this bolus is so nauseous, +that they generally steal aside, and discharge it upwards, before it +can operate; neither have they been yet persuaded to use so long an +abstinence, as the prescription requires. + + +CHAPTER VI. + +A further account of the academy. The author proposes some +improvements, which are honourably received. + + +In the school of political projectors, I was but ill entertained; the +professors appearing, in my judgment, wholly out of their senses, which +is a scene that never fails to make me melancholy. These unhappy people +were proposing schemes for persuading monarchs to choose favourites +upon the score of their wisdom, capacity, and virtue; of teaching +ministers to consult the public good; of rewarding merit, great +abilities, eminent services; of instructing princes to know their true +interest, by placing it on the same foundation with that of their +people; of choosing for employments persons qualified to exercise them, +with many other wild, impossible chimeras, that never entered before +into the heart of man to conceive; and confirmed in me the old +observation, “that there is nothing so extravagant and irrational, +which some philosophers have not maintained for truth.” + +But, however, I shall so far do justice to this part of the Academy, as +to acknowledge that all of them were not so visionary. There was a most +ingenious doctor, who seemed to be perfectly versed in the whole nature +and system of government. This illustrious person had very usefully +employed his studies, in finding out effectual remedies for all +diseases and corruptions to which the several kinds of public +administration are subject, by the vices or infirmities of those who +govern, as well as by the licentiousness of those who are to obey. For +instance: whereas all writers and reasoners have agreed, that there is +a strict universal resemblance between the natural and the political +body; can there be any thing more evident, than that the health of both +must be preserved, and the diseases cured, by the same prescriptions? +It is allowed, that senates and great councils are often troubled with +redundant, ebullient, and other peccant humours; with many diseases of +the head, and more of the heart; with strong convulsions, with grievous +contractions of the nerves and sinews in both hands, but especially the +right; with spleen, flatus, vertigos, and deliriums; with scrofulous +tumours, full of fetid purulent matter; with sour frothy ructations: +with canine appetites, and crudeness of digestion, besides many others, +needless to mention. This doctor therefore proposed, “that upon the +meeting of the senate, certain physicians should attend it the three +first days of their sitting, and at the close of each day’s debate feel +the pulses of every senator; after which, having maturely considered +and consulted upon the nature of the several maladies, and the methods +of cure, they should on the fourth day return to the senate house, +attended by their apothecaries stored with proper medicines; and before +the members sat, administer to each of them lenitives, aperitives, +abstersives, corrosives, restringents, palliatives, laxatives, +cephalalgics, icterics, apophlegmatics, acoustics, as their several +cases required; and, according as these medicines should operate, +repeat, alter, or omit them, at the next meeting.” + +This project could not be of any great expense to the public; and might +in my poor opinion, be of much use for the despatch of business, in +those countries where senates have any share in the legislative power; +beget unanimity, shorten debates, open a few mouths which are now +closed, and close many more which are now open; curb the petulancy of +the young, and correct the positiveness of the old; rouse the stupid, +and damp the pert. + +Again, because it is a general complaint, that the favourites of +princes are troubled with short and weak memories; the same doctor +proposed, “that whoever attended a first minister, after having told +his business, with the utmost brevity and in the plainest words, +should, at his departure, give the said minister a tweak by the nose, +or a kick in the belly, or tread on his corns, or lug him thrice by +both ears, or run a pin into his breech; or pinch his arm black and +blue, to prevent forgetfulness; and at every levee day, repeat the same +operation, till the business were done, or absolutely refused.” + +He likewise directed, “that every senator in the great council of a +nation, after he had delivered his opinion, and argued in the defence +of it, should be obliged to give his vote directly contrary; because if +that were done, the result would infallibly terminate in the good of +the public.” + +When parties in a state are violent, he offered a wonderful contrivance +to reconcile them. The method is this: You take a hundred leaders of +each party; you dispose them into couples of such whose heads are +nearest of a size; then let two nice operators saw off the occiput of +each couple at the same time, in such a manner that the brain may be +equally divided. Let the occiputs, thus cut off, be interchanged, +applying each to the head of his opposite party-man. It seems indeed to +be a work that requires some exactness, but the professor assured us, +“that if it were dexterously performed, the cure would be infallible.” +For he argued thus: “that the two half brains being left to debate the +matter between themselves within the space of one skull, would soon +come to a good understanding, and produce that moderation, as well as +regularity of thinking, so much to be wished for in the heads of those, +who imagine they come into the world only to watch and govern its +motion: and as to the difference of brains, in quantity or quality, +among those who are directors in faction,” the doctor assured us, from +his own knowledge, that “it was a perfect trifle.” + +I heard a very warm debate between two professors, about the most +commodious and effectual ways and means of raising money, without +grieving the subject. The first affirmed, “the justest method would be, +to lay a certain tax upon vices and folly; and the sum fixed upon every +man to be rated, after the fairest manner, by a jury of his +neighbours.” The second was of an opinion directly contrary; “to tax +those qualities of body and mind, for which men chiefly value +themselves; the rate to be more or less, according to the degrees of +excelling; the decision whereof should be left entirely to their own +breast.” The highest tax was upon men who are the greatest favourites +of the other sex, and the assessments, according to the number and +nature of the favours they have received; for which, they are allowed +to be their own vouchers. Wit, valour, and politeness, were likewise +proposed to be largely taxed, and collected in the same manner, by +every person’s giving his own word for the quantum of what he +possessed. But as to honour, justice, wisdom, and learning, they should +not be taxed at all; because they are qualifications of so singular a +kind, that no man will either allow them in his neighbour or value them +in himself. + +The women were proposed to be taxed according to their beauty and skill +in dressing, wherein they had the same privilege with the men, to be +determined by their own judgment. But constancy, chastity, good sense, +and good nature, were not rated, because they would not bear the charge +of collecting. + +To keep senators in the interest of the crown, it was proposed that the +members should raffle for employments; every man first taking an oath, +and giving security, that he would vote for the court, whether he won +or not; after which, the losers had, in their turn, the liberty of +raffling upon the next vacancy. Thus, hope and expectation would be +kept alive; none would complain of broken promises, but impute their +disappointments wholly to fortune, whose shoulders are broader and +stronger than those of a ministry. + +Another professor showed me a large paper of instructions for +discovering plots and conspiracies against the government. He advised +great statesmen to examine into the diet of all suspected persons; +their times of eating; upon which side they lay in bed; with which hand +they wipe their posteriors; take a strict view of their excrements, +and, from the colour, the odour, the taste, the consistence, the +crudeness or maturity of digestion, form a judgment of their thoughts +and designs; because men are never so serious, thoughtful, and intent, +as when they are at stool, which he found by frequent experiment; for, +in such conjunctures, when he used, merely as a trial, to consider +which was the best way of murdering the king, his ordure would have a +tincture of green; but quite different, when he thought only of raising +an insurrection, or burning the metropolis. + +The whole discourse was written with great acuteness, containing many +observations, both curious and useful for politicians; but, as I +conceived, not altogether complete. This I ventured to tell the author, +and offered, if he pleased, to supply him with some additions. He +received my proposition with more compliance than is usual among +writers, especially those of the projecting species, professing “he +would be glad to receive further information.” + +I told him, “that in the kingdom of Tribnia, [454a] by the natives +called Langden, [454b] where I had sojourned some time in my travels, +the bulk of the people consist in a manner wholly of discoverers, +witnesses, informers, accusers, prosecutors, evidences, swearers, +together with their several subservient and subaltern instruments, all +under the colours, the conduct, and the pay of ministers of state, and +their deputies. The plots, in that kingdom, are usually the workmanship +of those persons who desire to raise their own characters of profound +politicians; to restore new vigour to a crazy administration; to stifle +or divert general discontents; to fill their coffers with forfeitures; +and raise, or sink the opinion of public credit, as either shall best +answer their private advantage. It is first agreed and settled among +them, what suspected persons shall be accused of a plot; then, +effectual care is taken to secure all their letters and papers, and put +the owners in chains. These papers are delivered to a set of artists, +very dexterous in finding out the mysterious meanings of words, +syllables, and letters: for instance, they can discover a close stool, +to signify a privy council; a flock of geese, a senate; a lame dog, an +invader; a codshead; a ——; the plague, a standing army; a buzzard, a +prime minister; the gout, a high priest; a gibbet, a secretary of +state; a chamber pot, a committee of grandees; a sieve, a court lady; a +broom, a revolution; a mouse-trap, an employment; a bottomless pit, a +treasury; a sink, a court; a cap and bells, a favourite; a broken reed, +a court of justice; an empty tun, a general; a running sore, the +administration. [455] + +“When this method fails, they have two others more effectual, which the +learned among them call acrostics and anagrams. First, they can +decipher all initial letters into political meanings. Thus _N_. shall +signify a plot; _B_. a regiment of horse; _L_. a fleet at sea; or, +secondly, by transposing the letters of the alphabet in any suspected +paper, they can lay open the deepest designs of a discontented party. +So, for example, if I should say, in a letter to a friend, ‘Our brother +Tom has just got the piles,’ a skilful decipherer would discover, that +the same letters which compose that sentence, may be analysed into the +following words, ‘Resist, a plot is brought home; The tour.’ And this +is the anagrammatic method.” + +The professor made me great acknowledgments for communicating these +observations, and promised to make honourable mention of me in his +treatise. + +I saw nothing in this country that could invite me to a longer +continuance, and began to think of returning home to England. + + +CHAPTER VII. + +The author leaves Lagado: arrives at Maldonada. No ship ready. He takes +a short voyage to Glubbdubdrib. His reception by the governor. + + +The continent, of which this kingdom is apart, extends itself, as I +have reason to believe, eastward, to that unknown tract of America +westward of California; and north, to the Pacific Ocean, which is not +above a hundred and fifty miles from Lagado; where there is a good +port, and much commerce with the great island of Luggnagg, situated to +the north-west about 29 degrees north latitude, and 140 longitude. This +island of Luggnagg stands south-eastward of Japan, about a hundred +leagues distant. There is a strict alliance between the Japanese +emperor and the king of Luggnagg; which affords frequent opportunities +of sailing from one island to the other. I determined therefore to +direct my course this way, in order to direct my return to Europe. I +hired two mules, with a guide, to show me the way, and carry my small +baggage. I took leave of my noble protector, who had shown me so much +favour, and made me a generous present at my departure. + +My journey was without any accident or adventure worth relating. When I +arrived at the port of Maldonada (for so it is called) there was no +ship in the harbour bound for Luggnagg, nor likely to be in some time. +The town is about as large as Portsmouth. I soon fell into some +acquaintance, and was very hospitably received. A gentleman of +distinction said to me, “that since the ships bound for Luggnagg could +not be ready in less than a month, it might be no disagreeable +amusement for me to take a trip to the little island of Glubbdubdrib, +about five leagues off to the south-west.” He offered himself and a +friend to accompany me, and that I should be provided with a small +convenient bark for the voyage. + +Glubbdubdrib, as nearly as I can interpret the word, signifies the +island of sorcerers or magicians. It is about one third as large as the +Isle of Wight, and extremely fruitful: it is governed by the head of a +certain tribe, who are all magicians. This tribe marries only among +each other, and the eldest in succession is prince or governor. He has +a noble palace, and a park of about three thousand acres, surrounded by +a wall of hewn stone twenty feet high. In this park are several small +enclosures for cattle, corn, and gardening. + +The governor and his family are served and attended by domestics of a +kind somewhat unusual. By his skill in necromancy he has a power of +calling whom he pleases from the dead, and commanding their service for +twenty-four hours, but no longer; nor can he call the same persons up +again in less than three months, except upon very extraordinary +occasions. + +When we arrived at the island, which was about eleven in the morning, +one of the gentlemen who accompanied me went to the governor, and +desired admittance for a stranger, who came on purpose to have the +honour of attending on his highness. This was immediately granted, and +we all three entered the gate of the palace between two rows of guards, +armed and dressed after a very antic manner, and with something in +their countenances that made my flesh creep with a horror I cannot +express. We passed through several apartments, between servants of the +same sort, ranked on each side as before, till we came to the chamber +of presence; where, after three profound obeisances, and a few general +questions, we were permitted to sit on three stools, near the lowest +step of his highness’s throne. He understood the language of +Balnibarbi, although it was different from that of this island. He +desired me to give him some account of my travels; and, to let me see +that I should be treated without ceremony, he dismissed all his +attendants with a turn of his finger; at which, to my great +astonishment, they vanished in an instant, like visions in a dream when +we awake on a sudden. I could not recover myself in some time, till the +governor assured me, “that I should receive no hurt;” and observing my +two companions to be under no concern, who had been often entertained +in the same manner, I began to take courage, and related to his +highness a short history of my several adventures; yet not without some +hesitation, and frequently looking behind me to the place where I had +seen those domestic spectres. I had the honour to dine with the +governor, where a new set of ghosts served up the meat, and waited at +table. I now observed myself to be less terrified than I had been in +the morning. I stayed till sunset, but humbly desired his highness to +excuse me for not accepting his invitation of lodging in the palace. My +two friends and I lay at a private house in the town adjoining, which +is the capital of this little island; and the next morning we returned +to pay our duty to the governor, as he was pleased to command us. + +After this manner we continued in the island for ten days, most part of +every day with the governor, and at night in our lodging. I soon grew +so familiarized to the sight of spirits, that after the third or fourth +time they gave me no emotion at all: or, if I had any apprehensions +left, my curiosity prevailed over them. For his highness the governor +ordered me “to call up whatever persons I would choose to name, and in +whatever numbers, among all the dead from the beginning of the world to +the present time, and command them to answer any questions I should +think fit to ask; with this condition, that my questions must be +confined within the compass of the times they lived in. And one thing I +might depend upon, that they would certainly tell me the truth, for +lying was a talent of no use in the lower world.” + +I made my humble acknowledgments to his highness for so great a favour. +We were in a chamber, from whence there was a fair prospect into the +park. And because my first inclination was to be entertained with +scenes of pomp and magnificence, I desired to see Alexander the Great +at the head of his army, just after the battle of Arbela: which, upon a +motion of the governor’s finger, immediately appeared in a large field, +under the window where we stood. Alexander was called up into the room: +it was with great difficulty that I understood his Greek, and had but +little of my own. He assured me upon his honour “that he was not +poisoned, but died of a bad fever by excessive drinking.” + +Next, I saw Hannibal passing the Alps, who told me “he had not a drop +of vinegar in his camp.” + +I saw Cæsar and Pompey at the head of their troops, just ready to +engage. I saw the former, in his last great triumph. I desired that the +senate of Rome might appear before me, in one large chamber, and an +assembly of somewhat a later age in counterview, in another. The first +seemed to be an assembly of heroes and demigods; the other, a knot of +pedlars, pick-pockets, highwaymen, and bullies. + +The governor, at my request, gave the sign for Cæsar and Brutus to +advance towards us. I was struck with a profound veneration at the +sight of Brutus, and could easily discover the most consummate virtue, +the greatest intrepidity and firmness of mind, the truest love of his +country, and general benevolence for mankind, in every lineament of his +countenance. I observed, with much pleasure, that these two persons +were in good intelligence with each other; and Cæsar freely confessed +to me, “that the greatest actions of his own life were not equal, by +many degrees, to the glory of taking it away.” I had the honour to have +much conversation with Brutus; and was told, “that his ancestor Junius, +Socrates, Epaminondas, Cato the younger, Sir Thomas More, and himself +were perpetually together:” a sextumvirate, to which all the ages of +the world cannot add a seventh. + +It would be tedious to trouble the reader with relating what vast +numbers of illustrious persons were called up to gratify that +insatiable desire I had to see the world in every period of antiquity +placed before me. I chiefly fed my eyes with beholding the destroyers +of tyrants and usurpers, and the restorers of liberty to oppressed and +injured nations. But it is impossible to express the satisfaction I +received in my own mind, after such a manner as to make it a suitable +entertainment to the reader. + + +CHAPTER VIII. + +A further account of Glubbdubdrib. Ancient and modern history +corrected. + + +Having a desire to see those ancients who were most renowned for wit +and learning, I set apart one day on purpose. I proposed that Homer and +Aristotle might appear at the head of all their commentators; but these +were so numerous, that some hundreds were forced to attend in the +court, and outward rooms of the palace. I knew, and could distinguish +those two heroes, at first sight, not only from the crowd, but from +each other. Homer was the taller and comelier person of the two, walked +very erect for one of his age, and his eyes were the most quick and +piercing I ever beheld. Aristotle stooped much, and made use of a +staff. His visage was meagre, his hair lank and thin, and his voice +hollow. I soon discovered that both of them were perfect strangers to +the rest of the company, and had never seen or heard of them before; +and I had a whisper from a ghost who shall be nameless, “that these +commentators always kept in the most distant quarters from their +principals, in the lower world, through a consciousness of shame and +guilt, because they had so horribly misrepresented the meaning of those +authors to posterity.” I introduced Didymus and Eustathius to Homer, +and prevailed on him to treat them better than perhaps they deserved, +for he soon found they wanted a genius to enter into the spirit of a +poet. But Aristotle was out of all patience with the account I gave him +of Scotus and Ramus, as I presented them to him; and he asked them, +“whether the rest of the tribe were as great dunces as themselves?” + +I then desired the governor to call up Descartes and Gassendi, with +whom I prevailed to explain their systems to Aristotle. This great +philosopher freely acknowledged his own mistakes in natural philosophy, +because he proceeded in many things upon conjecture, as all men must +do; and he found that Gassendi, who had made the doctrine of Epicurus +as palatable as he could, and the _vortices_ of Descartes, were equally +to be exploded. He predicted the same fate to _attraction_, whereof the +present learned are such zealous asserters. He said, “that new systems +of nature were but new fashions, which would vary in every age; and +even those, who pretend to demonstrate them from mathematical +principles, would flourish but a short period of time, and be out of +vogue when that was determined.” + +I spent five days in conversing with many others of the ancient +learned. I saw most of the first Roman emperors. I prevailed on the +governor to call up Heliogabalus’s cooks to dress us a dinner, but they +could not show us much of their skill, for want of materials. A helot +of Agesilaus made us a dish of Spartan broth, but I was not able to get +down a second spoonful. + +The two gentlemen, who conducted me to the island, were pressed by +their private affairs to return in three days, which I employed in +seeing some of the modern dead, who had made the greatest figure, for +two or three hundred years past, in our own and other countries of +Europe; and having been always a great admirer of old illustrious +families, I desired the governor would call up a dozen or two of kings, +with their ancestors in order for eight or nine generations. But my +disappointment was grievous and unexpected. For, instead of a long +train with royal diadems, I saw in one family two fiddlers, three +spruce courtiers, and an Italian prelate. In another, a barber, an +abbot, and two cardinals. I have too great a veneration for crowned +heads, to dwell any longer on so nice a subject. But as to counts, +marquises, dukes, earls, and the like, I was not so scrupulous. And I +confess, it was not without some pleasure, that I found myself able to +trace the particular features, by which certain families are +distinguished, up to their originals. I could plainly discover whence +one family derives a long chin; why a second has abounded with knaves +for two generations, and fools for two more; why a third happened to be +crack-brained, and a fourth to be sharpers; whence it came, what +Polydore Virgil says of a certain great house, _Nec vir fortis_, _nec +femina casta_; how cruelty, falsehood, and cowardice, grew to be +characteristics by which certain families are distinguished as much as +by their coats of arms; who first brought the pox into a noble house, +which has lineally descended scrofulous tumours to their posterity. +Neither could I wonder at all this, when I saw such an interruption of +lineages, by pages, lackeys, valets, coachmen, gamesters, fiddlers, +players, captains, and pickpockets. + +I was chiefly disgusted with modern history. For having strictly +examined all the persons of greatest name in the courts of princes, for +a hundred years past, I found how the world had been misled by +prostitute writers, to ascribe the greatest exploits in war, to +cowards; the wisest counsel, to fools; sincerity, to flatterers; Roman +virtue, to betrayers of their country; piety, to atheists; chastity, to +sodomites; truth, to informers: how many innocent and excellent persons +had been condemned to death or banishment by the practising of great +ministers upon the corruption of judges, and the malice of factions: +how many villains had been exalted to the highest places of trust, +power, dignity, and profit: how great a share in the motions and events +of courts, councils, and senates might be challenged by bawds, whores, +pimps, parasites, and buffoons. How low an opinion I had of human +wisdom and integrity, when I was truly informed of the springs and +motives of great enterprises and revolutions in the world, and of the +contemptible accidents to which they owed their success. + +Here I discovered the roguery and ignorance of those who pretend to +write anecdotes, or secret history; who send so many kings to their +graves with a cup of poison; will repeat the discourse between a prince +and chief minister, where no witness was by; unlock the thoughts and +cabinets of ambassadors and secretaries of state; and have the +perpetual misfortune to be mistaken. Here I discovered the true causes +of many great events that have surprised the world; how a whore can +govern the back-stairs, the back-stairs a council, and the council a +senate. A general confessed, in my presence, “that he got a victory +purely by the force of cowardice and ill conduct;” and an admiral, +“that, for want of proper intelligence, he beat the enemy, to whom he +intended to betray the fleet.” Three kings protested to me, “that in +their whole reigns they never did once prefer any person of merit, +unless by mistake, or treachery of some minister in whom they confided; +neither would they do it if they were to live again:” and they showed, +with great strength of reason, “that the royal throne could not be +supported without corruption, because that positive, confident, restiff +temper, which virtue infused into a man, was a perpetual clog to public +business.” + +I had the curiosity to inquire in a particular manner, by what methods +great numbers had procured to themselves high titles of honour, and +prodigious estates; and I confined my inquiry to a very modern period: +however, without grating upon present times, because I would be sure to +give no offence even to foreigners (for I hope the reader need not be +told, that I do not in the least intend my own country, in what I say +upon this occasion,) a great number of persons concerned were called +up; and, upon a very slight examination, discovered such a scene of +infamy, that I cannot reflect upon it without some seriousness. +Perjury, oppression, subornation, fraud, pandarism, and the like +infirmities, were among the most excusable arts they had to mention; +and for these I gave, as it was reasonable, great allowance. But when +some confessed they owed their greatness and wealth to sodomy, or +incest; others, to the prostituting of their own wives and daughters; +others, to the betraying of their country or their prince; some, to +poisoning; more to the perverting of justice, in order to destroy the +innocent, I hope I may be pardoned, if these discoveries inclined me a +little to abate of that profound veneration, which I am naturally apt +to pay to persons of high rank, who ought to be treated with the utmost +respect due to their sublime dignity, by us their inferiors. + +I had often read of some great services done to princes and states, and +desired to see the persons by whom those services were performed. Upon +inquiry I was told, “that their names were to be found on no record, +except a few of them, whom history has represented as the vilest of +rogues and traitors.” As to the rest, I had never once heard of them. +They all appeared with dejected looks, and in the meanest habit; most +of them telling me, “they died in poverty and disgrace, and the rest on +a scaffold or a gibbet.” + +Among others, there was one person, whose case appeared a little +singular. He had a youth about eighteen years old standing by his side. +He told me, “he had for many years been commander of a ship; and in the +sea fight at Actium had the good fortune to break through the enemy’s +great line of battle, sink three of their capital ships, and take a +fourth, which was the sole cause of Antony’s flight, and of the victory +that ensued; that the youth standing by him, his only son, was killed +in the action.” He added, “that upon the confidence of some merit, the +war being at an end, he went to Rome, and solicited at the court of +Augustus to be preferred to a greater ship, whose commander had been +killed; but, without any regard to his pretensions, it was given to a +boy who had never seen the sea, the son of Libertina, who waited on one +of the emperor’s mistresses. Returning back to his own vessel, he was +charged with neglect of duty, and the ship given to a favourite page of +Publicola, the vice-admiral; whereupon he retired to a poor farm at a +great distance from Rome, and there ended his life.” I was so curious +to know the truth of this story, that I desired Agrippa might be +called, who was admiral in that fight. He appeared, and confirmed the +whole account: but with much more advantage to the captain, whose +modesty had extenuated or concealed a great part of his merit. + +I was surprised to find corruption grown so high and so quick in that +empire, by the force of luxury so lately introduced; which made me less +wonder at many parallel cases in other countries, where vices of all +kinds have reigned so much longer, and where the whole praise, as well +as pillage, has been engrossed by the chief commander, who perhaps had +the least title to either. + +As every person called up made exactly the same appearance he had done +in the world, it gave me melancholy reflections to observe how much the +race of humankind was degenerated among us within these hundred years +past; how the pox, under all its consequences and denominations had +altered every lineament of an English countenance; shortened the size +of bodies, unbraced the nerves, relaxed the sinews and muscles, +introduced a sallow complexion, and rendered the flesh loose and +rancid. + +I descended so low, as to desire some English yeoman of the old stamp +might be summoned to appear; once so famous for the simplicity of their +manners, diet, and dress; for justice in their dealings; for their true +spirit of liberty; for their valour, and love of their country. Neither +could I be wholly unmoved, after comparing the living with the dead, +when I considered how all these pure native virtues were prostituted +for a piece of money by their grand-children; who, in selling their +votes and managing at elections, have acquired every vice and +corruption that can possibly be learned in a court. + + +CHAPTER IX. + +The author returns to Maldonada. Sails to the kingdom of Luggnagg. The +author confined. He is sent for to court. The manner of his admittance. +The king’s great lenity to his subjects. + + +The day of our departure being come, I took leave of his highness, the +Governor of Glubbdubdrib, and returned with my two companions to +Maldonada, where, after a fortnight’s waiting, a ship was ready to sail +for Luggnagg. The two gentlemen, and some others, were so generous and +kind as to furnish me with provisions, and see me on board. I was a +month in this voyage. We had one violent storm, and were under a +necessity of steering westward to get into the trade wind, which holds +for above sixty leagues. On the 21st of April, 1708, we sailed into the +river of Clumegnig, which is a seaport town, at the south-east point of +Luggnagg. We cast anchor within a league of the town, and made a signal +for a pilot. Two of them came on board in less than half an hour, by +whom we were guided between certain shoals and rocks, which are very +dangerous in the passage, to a large basin, where a fleet may ride in +safety within a cable’s length of the town-wall. + +Some of our sailors, whether out of treachery or inadvertence, had +informed the pilots “that I was a stranger, and great traveller;” +whereof these gave notice to a custom-house officer, by whom I was +examined very strictly upon my landing. This officer spoke to me in the +language of Balnibarbi, which, by the force of much commerce, is +generally understood in that town, especially by seamen and those +employed in the customs. I gave him a short account of some +particulars, and made my story as plausible and consistent as I could; +but I thought it necessary to disguise my country, and call myself a +Hollander; because my intentions were for Japan, and I knew the Dutch +were the only Europeans permitted to enter into that kingdom. I +therefore told the officer, “that having been shipwrecked on the coast +of Balnibarbi, and cast on a rock, I was received up into Laputa, or +the flying island (of which he had often heard), and was now +endeavouring to get to Japan, whence I might find a convenience of +returning to my own country.” The officer said, “I must be confined +till he could receive orders from court, for which he would write +immediately, and hoped to receive an answer in a fortnight.” I was +carried to a convenient lodging with a sentry placed at the door; +however, I had the liberty of a large garden, and was treated with +humanity enough, being maintained all the time at the king’s charge. I +was invited by several persons, chiefly out of curiosity, because it +was reported that I came from countries very remote, of which they had +never heard. + +I hired a young man, who came in the same ship, to be an interpreter; +he was a native of Luggnagg, but had lived some years at Maldonada, and +was a perfect master of both languages. By his assistance, I was able +to hold a conversation with those who came to visit me; but this +consisted only of their questions, and my answers. + +The despatch came from court about the time we expected. It contained a +warrant for conducting me and my retinue to _Traldragdubh_, or +_Trildrogdrib_ (for it is pronounced both ways as near as I can +remember), by a party of ten horse. All my retinue was that poor lad +for an interpreter, whom I persuaded into my service, and, at my humble +request, we had each of us a mule to ride on. A messenger was +despatched half a day’s journey before us, to give the king notice of +my approach, and to desire, “that his majesty would please to appoint a +day and hour, when it would by his gracious pleasure that I might have +the honour to lick the dust before his footstool.” This is the court +style, and I found it to be more than matter of form: for, upon my +admittance two days after my arrival, I was commanded to crawl upon my +belly, and lick the floor as I advanced; but, on account of my being a +stranger, care was taken to have it made so clean, that the dust was +not offensive. However, this was a peculiar grace, not allowed to any +but persons of the highest rank, when they desire an admittance. Nay, +sometimes the floor is strewed with dust on purpose, when the person to +be admitted happens to have powerful enemies at court; and I have seen +a great lord with his mouth so crammed, that when he had crept to the +proper distance from the throne; he was not able to speak a word. +Neither is there any remedy; because it is capital for those, who +receive an audience to spit or wipe their mouths in his majesty’s +presence. There is indeed another custom, which I cannot altogether +approve of: when the king has a mind to put any of his nobles to death +in a gentle indulgent manner, he commands the floor to be strewed with +a certain brown powder of a deadly composition, which being licked up, +infallibly kills him in twenty-four hours. But in justice to this +prince’s great clemency, and the care he has of his subjects’ lives +(wherein it were much to be wished that the Monarchs of Europe would +imitate him), it must be mentioned for his honour, that strict orders +are given to have the infected parts of the floor well washed after +every such execution, which, if his domestics neglect, they are in +danger of incurring his royal displeasure. I myself heard him give +directions, that one of his pages should be whipped, whose turn it was +to give notice about washing the floor after an execution, but +maliciously had omitted it; by which neglect a young lord of great +hopes, coming to an audience, was unfortunately poisoned, although the +king at that time had no design against his life. But this good prince +was so gracious as to forgive the poor page his whipping, upon promise +that he would do so no more, without special orders. + +To return from this digression. When I had crept within four yards of +the throne, I raised myself gently upon my knees, and then striking my +forehead seven times against the ground, I pronounced the following +words, as they had been taught me the night before, _Ickpling +gloffthrobb squutserumm blhiop mlashnalt zwin tnodbalkguffh slhiophad +gurdlubh asht_. This is the compliment, established by the laws of the +land, for all persons admitted to the king’s presence. It may be +rendered into English thus: “May your celestial majesty outlive the +sun, eleven moons and a half!” To this the king returned some answer, +which, although I could not understand, yet I replied as I had been +directed: _Fluft drin yalerick dwuldom prastrad mirpush_, which +properly signifies, “My tongue is in the mouth of my friend;” and by +this expression was meant, that I desired leave to bring my +interpreter; whereupon the young man already mentioned was accordingly +introduced, by whose intervention I answered as many questions as his +majesty could put in above an hour. I spoke in the Balnibarbian tongue, +and my interpreter delivered my meaning in that of Luggnagg. + +The king was much delighted with my company, and ordered his +_bliffmarklub_, or high-chamberlain, to appoint a lodging in the court +for me and my interpreter; with a daily allowance for my table, and a +large purse of gold for my common expenses. + +I staid three months in this country, out of perfect obedience to his +majesty; who was pleased highly to favour me, and made me very +honourable offers. But I thought it more consistent with prudence and +justice to pass the remainder of my days with my wife and family. + + +CHAPTER X. + +The Luggnaggians commended. A particular description of the +Struldbrugs, with many conversations between the author and some +eminent persons upon that subject. + + +The Luggnaggians are a polite and generous people; and although they +are not without some share of that pride which is peculiar to all +Eastern countries, yet they show themselves courteous to strangers, +especially such who are countenanced by the court. I had many +acquaintance, and among persons of the best fashion; and being always +attended by my interpreter, the conversation we had was not +disagreeable. + +One day, in much good company, I was asked by a person of quality, +“whether I had seen any of their _struldbrugs_, or immortals?” I said, +“I had not;” and desired he would explain to me “what he meant by such +an appellation, applied to a mortal creature.” He told me “that +sometimes, though very rarely, a child happened to be born in a family, +with a red circular spot in the forehead, directly over the left +eyebrow, which was an infallible mark that it should never die.” The +spot, as he described it, “was about the compass of a silver +threepence, but in the course of time grew larger, and changed its +colour; for at twelve years old it became green, so continued till five +and twenty, then turned to a deep blue: at five and forty it grew coal +black, and as large as an English shilling; but never admitted any +further alteration.” He said, “these births were so rare, that he did +not believe there could be above eleven hundred struldbrugs, of both +sexes, in the whole kingdom; of which he computed about fifty in the +metropolis, and, among the rest, a young girl born; about three years +ago: that these productions were not peculiar to any family, but a mere +effect of chance; and the children of the _struldbrugs_ themselves were +equally mortal with the rest of the people.” + +I freely own myself to have been struck with inexpressible delight, +upon hearing this account: and the person who gave it me happening to +understand the Balnibarbian language, which I spoke very well, I could +not forbear breaking out into expressions, perhaps a little too +extravagant. I cried out, as in a rapture, “Happy nation, where every +child hath at least a chance for being immortal! Happy people, who +enjoy so many living examples of ancient virtue, and have masters ready +to instruct them in the wisdom of all former ages! but happiest, beyond +all comparison, are those excellent _struldbrugs_, who, being born +exempt from that universal calamity of human nature, have their minds +free and disengaged, without the weight and depression of spirits +caused by the continual apprehensions of death!” I discovered my +admiration, “that I had not observed any of these illustrious persons +at court; the black spot on the forehead being so remarkable a +distinction, that I could not have easily overlooked it: and it was +impossible that his majesty, a most judicious prince, should not +provide himself with a good number of such wise and able counsellors. +Yet perhaps the virtue of those reverend sages was too strict for the +corrupt and libertine manners of a court: and we often find by +experience, that young men are too opinionated and volatile to be +guided by the sober dictates of their seniors. However, since the king +was pleased to allow me access to his royal person, I was resolved, +upon the very first occasion, to deliver my opinion to him on this +matter freely and at large, by the help of my interpreter; and whether +he would please to take my advice or not, yet in one thing I was +determined, that his majesty having frequently offered me an +establishment in this country, I would, with great thankfulness, accept +the favour, and pass my life here in the conversation of those superior +beings the _struldbrugs_, if they would please to admit me.” + +The gentleman to whom I addressed my discourse, because (as I have +already observed) he spoke the language of Balnibarbi, said to me, with +a sort of a smile which usually arises from pity to the ignorant, “that +he was glad of any occasion to keep me among them, and desired my +permission to explain to the company what I had spoke.” He did so, and +they talked together for some time in their own language, whereof I +understood not a syllable, neither could I observe by their +countenances, what impression my discourse had made on them. After a +short silence, the same person told me, “that his friends and mine (so +he thought fit to express himself) were very much pleased with the +judicious remarks I had made on the great happiness and advantages of +immortal life, and they were desirous to know, in a particular manner, +what scheme of living I should have formed to myself, if it had fallen +to my lot to have been born a _struldbrug_.” + +I answered, “it was easy to be eloquent on so copious and delightful a +subject, especially to me, who had been often apt to amuse myself with +visions of what I should do, if I were a king, a general, or a great +lord: and upon this very case, I had frequently run over the whole +system how I should employ myself, and pass the time, if I were sure to +live for ever. + +“That, if it had been my good fortune to come into the world a +_struldbrug_, as soon as I could discover my own happiness, by +understanding the difference between life and death, I would first +resolve, by all arts and methods, whatsoever, to procure myself riches. +In the pursuit of which, by thrift and management, I might reasonably +expect, in about two hundred years, to be the wealthiest man in the +kingdom. In the second place, I would, from my earliest youth, apply +myself to the study of arts and sciences, by which I should arrive in +time to excel all others in learning. Lastly, I would carefully record +every action and event of consequence, that happened in the public, +impartially draw the characters of the several successions of princes +and great ministers of state, with my own observations on every point. +I would exactly set down the several changes in customs, language, +fashions of dress, diet, and diversions. By all which acquirements, I +should be a living treasure of knowledge and wisdom, and certainly +become the oracle of the nation. + +“I would never marry after threescore, but live in a hospitable manner, +yet still on the saving side. I would entertain myself in forming and +directing the minds of hopeful young men, by convincing them, from my +own remembrance, experience, and observation, fortified by numerous +examples, of the usefulness of virtue in public and private life. But +my choice and constant companions should be a set of my own immortal +brotherhood; among whom, I would elect a dozen from the most ancient, +down to my own contemporaries. Where any of these wanted fortunes, I +would provide them with convenient lodges round my own estate, and have +some of them always at my table; only mingling a few of the most +valuable among you mortals, whom length of time would harden me to lose +with little or no reluctance, and treat your posterity after the same +manner; just as a man diverts himself with the annual succession of +pinks and tulips in his garden, without regretting the loss of those +which withered the preceding year. + +“These _struldbrugs_ and I would mutually communicate our observations +and memorials, through the course of time; remark the several +gradations by which corruption steals into the world, and oppose it in +every step, by giving perpetual warning and instruction to mankind; +which, added to the strong influence of our own example, would probably +prevent that continual degeneracy of human nature so justly complained +of in all ages. + +“Add to this, the pleasure of seeing the various revolutions of states +and empires; the changes in the lower and upper world; ancient cities +in ruins, and obscure villages become the seats of kings; famous rivers +lessening into shallow brooks; the ocean leaving one coast dry, and +overwhelming another; the discovery of many countries yet unknown; +barbarity overrunning the politest nations, and the most barbarous +become civilized. I should then see the discovery of the longitude, the +perpetual motion, the universal medicine, and many other great +inventions, brought to the utmost perfection. + +“What wonderful discoveries should we make in astronomy, by outliving +and confirming our own predictions; by observing the progress and +return of comets, with the changes of motion in the sun, moon, and +stars!” + +I enlarged upon many other topics, which the natural desire of endless +life, and sublunary happiness, could easily furnish me with. When I had +ended, and the sum of my discourse had been interpreted, as before, to +the rest of the company, there was a good deal of talk among them in +the language of the country, not without some laughter at my expense. +At last, the same gentleman who had been my interpreter, said, “he was +desired by the rest to set me right in a few mistakes, which I had +fallen into through the common imbecility of human nature, and upon +that allowance was less answerable for them. That this breed of +_struldbrugs_ was peculiar to their country, for there were no such +people either in Balnibarbi or Japan, where he had the honour to be +ambassador from his majesty, and found the natives in both those +kingdoms very hard to believe that the fact was possible: and it +appeared from my astonishment when he first mentioned the matter to me, +that I received it as a thing wholly new, and scarcely to be credited. +That in the two kingdoms above mentioned, where, during his residence, +he had conversed very much, he observed long life to be the universal +desire and wish of mankind. That whoever had one foot in the grave was +sure to hold back the other as strongly as he could. That the oldest +had still hopes of living one day longer, and looked on death as the +greatest evil, from which nature always prompted him to retreat. Only +in this island of Luggnagg the appetite for living was not so eager, +from the continual example of the _struldbrugs_ before their eyes. + +“That the system of living contrived by me, was unreasonable and +unjust; because it supposed a perpetuity of youth, health, and vigour, +which no man could be so foolish to hope, however extravagant he may be +in his wishes. That the question therefore was not, whether a man would +choose to be always in the prime of youth, attended with prosperity and +health; but how he would pass a perpetual life under all the usual +disadvantages which old age brings along with it. For although few men +will avow their desires of being immortal, upon such hard conditions, +yet in the two kingdoms before mentioned, of Balnibarbi and Japan, he +observed that every man desired to put off death some time longer, let +it approach ever so late: and he rarely heard of any man who died +willingly, except he were incited by the extremity of grief or torture. +And he appealed to me, whether in those countries I had travelled, as +well as my own, I had not observed the same general disposition.” + +After this preface, he gave me a particular account of the +_struldbrugs_ among them. He said, “they commonly acted like mortals +till about thirty years old; after which, by degrees, they grew +melancholy and dejected, increasing in both till they came to +fourscore. This he learned from their own confession: for otherwise, +there not being above two or three of that species born in an age, they +were too few to form a general observation by. When they came to +fourscore years, which is reckoned the extremity of living in this +country, they had not only all the follies and infirmities of other old +men, but many more which arose from the dreadful prospect of never +dying. They were not only opinionative, peevish, covetous, morose, +vain, talkative, but incapable of friendship, and dead to all natural +affection, which never descended below their grandchildren. Envy and +impotent desires are their prevailing passions. But those objects +against which their envy seems principally directed, are the vices of +the younger sort and the deaths of the old. By reflecting on the +former, they find themselves cut off from all possibility of pleasure; +and whenever they see a funeral, they lament and repine that others +have gone to a harbour of rest to which they themselves never can hope +to arrive. They have no remembrance of anything but what they learned +and observed in their youth and middle-age, and even that is very +imperfect; and for the truth or particulars of any fact, it is safer to +depend on common tradition, than upon their best recollections. The +least miserable among them appear to be those who turn to dotage, and +entirely lose their memories; these meet with more pity and assistance, +because they want many bad qualities which abound in others. + +“If a _struldbrug_ happen to marry one of his own kind, the marriage is +dissolved of course, by the courtesy of the kingdom, as soon as the +younger of the two comes to be fourscore; for the law thinks it a +reasonable indulgence, that those who are condemned, without any fault +of their own, to a perpetual continuance in the world, should not have +their misery doubled by the load of a wife. + +“As soon as they have completed the term of eighty years, they are +looked on as dead in law; their heirs immediately succeed to their +estates; only a small pittance is reserved for their support; and the +poor ones are maintained at the public charge. After that period, they +are held incapable of any employment of trust or profit; they cannot +purchase lands, or take leases; neither are they allowed to be +witnesses in any cause, either civil or criminal, not even for the +decision of meers and bounds. + +“At ninety, they lose their teeth and hair; they have at that age no +distinction of taste, but eat and drink whatever they can get, without +relish or appetite. The diseases they were subject to still continue, +without increasing or diminishing. In talking, they forget the common +appellation of things, and the names of persons, even of those who are +their nearest friends and relations. For the same reason, they never +can amuse themselves with reading, because their memory will not serve +to carry them from the beginning of a sentence to the end; and by this +defect, they are deprived of the only entertainment whereof they might +otherwise be capable. + +“The language of this country being always upon the flux, the +_struldbrugs_ of one age do not understand those of another; neither +are they able, after two hundred years, to hold any conversation +(farther than by a few general words) with their neighbours the +mortals; and thus they lie under the disadvantage of living like +foreigners in their own country.” + +This was the account given me of the _struldbrugs_, as near as I can +remember. I afterwards saw five or six of different ages, the youngest +not above two hundred years old, who were brought to me at several +times by some of my friends; but although they were told, “that I was a +great traveller, and had seen all the world,” they had not the least +curiosity to ask me a question; only desired “I would give them +_slumskudask_,” or a token of remembrance; which is a modest way of +begging, to avoid the law, that strictly forbids it, because they are +provided for by the public, although indeed with a very scanty +allowance. + +They are despised and hated by all sorts of people. When one of them is +born, it is reckoned ominous, and their birth is recorded very +particularly so that you may know their age by consulting the register, +which, however, has not been kept above a thousand years past, or at +least has been destroyed by time or public disturbances. But the usual +way of computing how old they are, is by asking them what kings or +great persons they can remember, and then consulting history; for +infallibly the last prince in their mind did not begin his reign after +they were fourscore years old. + +They were the most mortifying sight I ever beheld; and the women more +horrible than the men. Besides the usual deformities in extreme old +age, they acquired an additional ghastliness, in proportion to their +number of years, which is not to be described; and among half a dozen, +I soon distinguished which was the eldest, although there was not above +a century or two between them. + +The reader will easily believe, that from what I had heard and seen, my +keen appetite for perpetuity of life was much abated. I grew heartily +ashamed of the pleasing visions I had formed; and thought no tyrant +could invent a death into which I would not run with pleasure, from +such a life. The king heard of all that had passed between me and my +friends upon this occasion, and rallied me very pleasantly; wishing I +could send a couple of _struldbrugs_ to my own country, to arm our +people against the fear of death; but this, it seems, is forbidden by +the fundamental laws of the kingdom, or else I should have been well +content with the trouble and expense of transporting them. + +I could not but agree, that the laws of this kingdom relative to the +_struldbrugs_ were founded upon the strongest reasons, and such as any +other country would be under the necessity of enacting, in the like +circumstances. Otherwise, as avarice is the necessary consequence of +old age, those immortals would in time become proprietors of the whole +nation, and engross the civil power, which, for want of abilities to +manage, must end in the ruin of the public. + + +CHAPTER XI. + +The author leaves Luggnagg, and sails to Japan. From thence he returns +in a Dutch ship to Amsterdam, and from Amsterdam to England. + + +I thought this account of the _struldbrugs_ might be some entertainment +to the reader, because it seems to be a little out of the common way; +at least I do not remember to have met the like in any book of travels +that has come to my hands; and if I am deceived, my excuse must be, +that it is necessary for travellers who describe the same country, very +often to agree in dwelling on the same particulars, without deserving +the censure of having borrowed or transcribed from those who wrote +before them. + +There is indeed a perpetual commerce between this kingdom and the great +empire of Japan; and it is very probable, that the Japanese authors may +have given some account of the _struldbrugs_; but my stay in Japan was +so short, and I was so entirely a stranger to the language, that I was +not qualified to make any inquiries. But I hope the Dutch, upon this +notice, will be curious and able enough to supply my defects. + +His majesty having often pressed me to accept some employment in his +court, and finding me absolutely determined to return to my native +country, was pleased to give me his license to depart; and honoured me +with a letter of recommendation, under his own hand, to the Emperor of +Japan. He likewise presented me with four hundred and forty-four large +pieces of gold (this nation delighting in even numbers), and a red +diamond, which I sold in England for eleven hundred pounds. + +On the 6th day of May, 1709, I took a solemn leave of his majesty, and +all my friends. This prince was so gracious as to order a guard to +conduct me to Glanguenstald, which is a royal port to the south-west +part of the island. In six days I found a vessel ready to carry me to +Japan, and spent fifteen days in the voyage. We landed at a small +port-town called Xamoschi, situated on the south-east part of Japan; +the town lies on the western point, where there is a narrow strait +leading northward into a long arm of the sea, upon the north-west part +of which, Yedo, the metropolis, stands. At landing, I showed the +custom-house officers my letter from the king of Luggnagg to his +imperial majesty. They knew the seal perfectly well; it was as broad as +the palm of my hand. The impression was, _A king lifting up a lame +beggar from the earth_. The magistrates of the town, hearing of my +letter, received me as a public minister. They provided me with +carriages and servants, and bore my charges to Yedo; where I was +admitted to an audience, and delivered my letter, which was opened with +great ceremony, and explained to the Emperor by an interpreter, who +then gave me notice, by his majesty’s order, “that I should signify my +request, and, whatever it were, it should be granted, for the sake of +his royal brother of Luggnagg.” This interpreter was a person employed +to transact affairs with the Hollanders. He soon conjectured, by my +countenance, that I was a European, and therefore repeated his +majesty’s commands in Low Dutch, which he spoke perfectly well. I +answered, as I had before determined, “that I was a Dutch merchant, +shipwrecked in a very remote country, whence I had travelled by sea and +land to Luggnagg, and then took shipping for Japan; where I knew my +countrymen often traded, and with some of these I hoped to get an +opportunity of returning into Europe: I therefore most humbly entreated +his royal favour, to give order that I should be conducted in safety to +Nangasac.” To this I added another petition, “that for the sake of my +patron the king of Luggnagg, his majesty would condescend to excuse my +performing the ceremony imposed on my countrymen, of trampling upon the +crucifix, because I had been thrown into his kingdom by my misfortunes, +without any intention of trading.” When this latter petition was +interpreted to the Emperor, he seemed a little surprised; and said, “he +believed I was the first of my countrymen who ever made any scruple in +this point; and that he began to doubt, whether I was a real Hollander, +or not; but rather suspected I must be a Christian. However, for the +reasons I had offered, but chiefly to gratify the king of Luggnagg by +an uncommon mark of his favour, he would comply with the singularity of +my humour; but the affair must be managed with dexterity, and his +officers should be commanded to let me pass, as it were by +forgetfulness. For he assured me, that if the secret should be +discovered by my countrymen the Dutch, they would cut my throat in the +voyage.” I returned my thanks, by the interpreter, for so unusual a +favour; and some troops being at that time on their march to Nangasac, +the commanding officer had orders to convey me safe thither, with +particular instructions about the business of the crucifix. + +On the 9th day of June, 1709, I arrived at Nangasac, after a very long +and troublesome journey. I soon fell into the company of some Dutch +sailors belonging to the Amboyna, of Amsterdam, a stout ship of 450 +tons. I had lived long in Holland, pursuing my studies at Leyden, and I +spoke Dutch well. The seamen soon knew from whence I came last: they +were curious to inquire into my voyages and course of life. I made up a +story as short and probable as I could, but concealed the greatest +part. I knew many persons in Holland. I was able to invent names for my +parents, whom I pretended to be obscure people in the province of +Gelderland. I would have given the captain (one Theodorus Vangrult) +what he pleased to ask for my voyage to Holland; but understanding I +was a surgeon, he was contented to take half the usual rate, on +condition that I would serve him in the way of my calling. Before we +took shipping, I was often asked by some of the crew, whether I had +performed the ceremony above mentioned. I evaded the question by +general answers; “that I had satisfied the Emperor and court in all +particulars.” However, a malicious rogue of a skipper went to an +officer, and pointing to me, told him, “I had not yet trampled on the +crucifix;” but the other, who had received instructions to let me pass, +gave the rascal twenty strokes on the shoulders with a bamboo; after +which I was no more troubled with such questions. + +Nothing happened worth mentioning in this voyage. We sailed with a fair +wind to the Cape of Good Hope, where we staid only to take in fresh +water. On the 10th of April, 1710, we arrived safe at Amsterdam, having +lost only three men by sickness in the voyage, and a fourth, who fell +from the foremast into the sea, not far from the coast of Guinea. From +Amsterdam I soon after set sail for England, in a small vessel +belonging to that city. + +On the 16th of April, 1710, we put in at the Downs. I landed next +morning, and saw once more my native country, after an absence of five +years and six months complete. I went straight to Redriff, where I +arrived the same day at two in the afternoon, and found my wife and +family in good health. + + +PART IV. A VOYAGE TO THE COUNTRY OF THE HOUYHNHNMS. + + +CHAPTER I. + +The author sets out as captain of a ship. His men conspire against him, +confine him a long time to his cabin, and set him on shore in an +unknown land. He travels up into the country. The Yahoos, a strange +sort of animal, described. The author meets two Houyhnhnms. + + +I continued at home with my wife and children about five months in a +very happy condition, if I could have learned the lesson of knowing +when I was well. I left my poor wife big with child, and accepted an +advantageous offer made me to be captain of the Adventurer, a stout +merchantman of 350 tons: for I understood navigation well, and being +grown weary of a surgeon’s employment at sea, which, however, I could +exercise upon occasion, I took a skilful young man of that calling, one +Robert Purefoy, into my ship. We set sail from Portsmouth upon the 7th +day of August, 1710; on the 14th we met with Captain Pocock, of +Bristol, at Teneriffe, who was going to the bay of Campechy to cut +logwood. On the 16th, he was parted from us by a storm; I heard since +my return, that his ship foundered, and none escaped but one cabin boy. +He was an honest man, and a good sailor, but a little too positive in +his own opinions, which was the cause of his destruction, as it has +been with several others; for if he had followed my advice, he might +have been safe at home with his family at this time, as well as myself. + +I had several men who died in my ship of calentures, so that I was +forced to get recruits out of Barbadoes and the Leeward Islands, where +I touched, by the direction of the merchants who employed me; which I +had soon too much cause to repent: for I found afterwards, that most of +them had been buccaneers. I had fifty hands on board; and my orders +were, that I should trade with the Indians in the South-Sea, and make +what discoveries I could. These rogues, whom I had picked up, debauched +my other men, and they all formed a conspiracy to seize the ship, and +secure me; which they did one morning, rushing into my cabin, and +binding me hand and foot, threatening to throw me overboard, if I +offered to stir. I told them, “I was their prisoner, and would submit.” +This they made me swear to do, and then they unbound me, only fastening +one of my legs with a chain, near my bed, and placed a sentry at my +door with his piece charged, who was commanded to shoot me dead if I +attempted my liberty. They sent me down victuals and drink, and took +the government of the ship to themselves. Their design was to turn +pirates, and plunder the Spaniards, which they could not do till they +got more men. But first they resolved to sell the goods in the ship, +and then go to Madagascar for recruits, several among them having died +since my confinement. They sailed many weeks, and traded with the +Indians; but I knew not what course they took, being kept a close +prisoner in my cabin, and expecting nothing less than to be murdered, +as they often threatened me. + +Upon the 9th day of May, 1711, one James Welch came down to my cabin, +and said, “he had orders from the captain to set me ashore.” I +expostulated with him, but in vain; neither would he so much as tell me +who their new captain was. They forced me into the long-boat, letting +me put on my best suit of clothes, which were as good as new, and take +a small bundle of linen, but no arms, except my hanger; and they were +so civil as not to search my pockets, into which I conveyed what money +I had, with some other little necessaries. They rowed about a league, +and then set me down on a strand. I desired them to tell me what +country it was. They all swore, “they knew no more than myself;” but +said, “that the captain” (as they called him) “was resolved, after they +had sold the lading, to get rid of me in the first place where they +could discover land.” They pushed off immediately, advising me to make +haste for fear of being overtaken by the tide, and so bade me farewell. + +In this desolate condition I advanced forward, and soon got upon firm +ground, where I sat down on a bank to rest myself, and consider what I +had best do. When I was a little refreshed, I went up into the country, +resolving to deliver myself to the first savages I should meet, and +purchase my life from them by some bracelets, glass rings, and other +toys, which sailors usually provide themselves with in those voyages, +and whereof I had some about me. The land was divided by long rows of +trees, not regularly planted, but naturally growing; there was great +plenty of grass, and several fields of oats. I walked very +circumspectly, for fear of being surprised, or suddenly shot with an +arrow from behind, or on either side. I fell into a beaten road, where +I saw many tracts of human feet, and some of cows, but most of horses. +At last I beheld several animals in a field, and one or two of the same +kind sitting in trees. Their shape was very singular and deformed, +which a little discomposed me, so that I lay down behind a thicket to +observe them better. Some of them coming forward near the place where I +lay, gave me an opportunity of distinctly marking their form. Their +heads and breasts were covered with a thick hair, some frizzled, and +others lank; they had beards like goats, and a long ridge of hair down +their backs, and the fore parts of their legs and feet; but the rest of +their bodies was bare, so that I might see their skins, which were of a +brown buff colour. They had no tails, nor any hair at all on their +buttocks, except about the anus, which, I presume, nature had placed +there to defend them as they sat on the ground, for this posture they +used, as well as lying down, and often stood on their hind feet. They +climbed high trees as nimbly as a squirrel, for they had strong +extended claws before and behind, terminating in sharp points, and +hooked. They would often spring, and bound, and leap, with prodigious +agility. The females were not so large as the males; they had long lank +hair on their heads, but none on their faces, nor any thing more than a +sort of down on the rest of their bodies, except about the anus and +pudenda. The dugs hung between their forefeet, and often reached almost +to the ground as they walked. The hair of both sexes was of several +colours, brown, red, black, and yellow. Upon the whole, I never beheld, +in all my travels, so disagreeable an animal, or one against which I +naturally conceived so strong an antipathy. So that, thinking I had +seen enough, full of contempt and aversion, I got up, and pursued the +beaten road, hoping it might direct me to the cabin of some Indian. I +had not got far, when I met one of these creatures full in my way, and +coming up directly to me. The ugly monster, when he saw me, distorted +several ways, every feature of his visage, and stared, as at an object +he had never seen before; then approaching nearer, lifted up his +fore-paw, whether out of curiosity or mischief I could not tell; but I +drew my hanger, and gave him a good blow with the flat side of it, for +I durst not strike with the edge, fearing the inhabitants might be +provoked against me, if they should come to know that I had killed or +maimed any of their cattle. When the beast felt the smart, he drew +back, and roared so loud, that a herd of at least forty came flocking +about me from the next field, howling and making odious faces; but I +ran to the body of a tree, and leaning my back against it, kept them +off by waving my hanger. Several of this cursed brood, getting hold of +the branches behind, leaped up into the tree, whence they began to +discharge their excrements on my head; however, I escaped pretty well +by sticking close to the stem of the tree, but was almost stifled with +the filth, which fell about me on every side. + +In the midst of this distress, I observed them all to run away on a +sudden as fast as they could; at which I ventured to leave the tree and +pursue the road, wondering what it was that could put them into this +fright. But looking on my left hand, I saw a horse walking softly in +the field; which my persecutors having sooner discovered, was the cause +of their flight. The horse started a little, when he came near me, but +soon recovering himself, looked full in my face with manifest tokens of +wonder; he viewed my hands and feet, walking round me several times. I +would have pursued my journey, but he placed himself directly in the +way, yet looking with a very mild aspect, never offering the least +violence. We stood gazing at each other for some time; at last I took +the boldness to reach my hand towards his neck with a design to stroke +it, using the common style and whistle of jockeys, when they are going +to handle a strange horse. But this animal seemed to receive my +civilities with disdain, shook his head, and bent his brows, softly +raising up his right fore-foot to remove my hand. Then he neighed three +or four times, but in so different a cadence, that I almost began to +think he was speaking to himself, in some language of his own. + +While he and I were thus employed, another horse came up; who applying +himself to the first in a very formal manner, they gently struck each +other’s right hoof before, neighing several times by turns, and varying +the sound, which seemed to be almost articulate. They went some paces +off, as if it were to confer together, walking side by side, backward +and forward, like persons deliberating upon some affair of weight, but +often turning their eyes towards me, as it were to watch that I might +not escape. I was amazed to see such actions and behaviour in brute +beasts; and concluded with myself, that if the inhabitants of this +country were endued with a proportionable degree of reason, they must +needs be the wisest people upon earth. This thought gave me so much +comfort, that I resolved to go forward, until I could discover some +house or village, or meet with any of the natives, leaving the two +horses to discourse together as they pleased. But the first, who was a +dapple gray, observing me to steal off, neighed after me in so +expressive a tone, that I fancied myself to understand what he meant; +whereupon I turned back, and came near to him to expect his farther +commands: but concealing my fear as much as I could, for I began to be +in some pain how this adventure might terminate; and the reader will +easily believe I did not much like my present situation. + +The two horses came up close to me, looking with great earnestness upon +my face and hands. The gray steed rubbed my hat all round with his +right fore-hoof, and discomposed it so much that I was forced to adjust +it better by taking it off and settling it again; whereat, both he and +his companion (who was a brown bay) appeared to be much surprised: the +latter felt the lappet of my coat, and finding it to hang loose about +me, they both looked with new signs of wonder. He stroked my right +hand, seeming to admire the softness and colour; but he squeezed it so +hard between his hoof and his pastern, that I was forced to roar; after +which they both touched me with all possible tenderness. They were +under great perplexity about my shoes and stockings, which they felt +very often, neighing to each other, and using various gestures, not +unlike those of a philosopher, when he would attempt to solve some new +and difficult phenomenon. + +Upon the whole, the behaviour of these animals was so orderly and +rational, so acute and judicious, that I at last concluded they must +needs be magicians, who had thus metamorphosed themselves upon some +design, and seeing a stranger in the way, resolved to divert themselves +with him; or, perhaps, were really amazed at the sight of a man so very +different in habit, feature, and complexion, from those who might +probably live in so remote a climate. Upon the strength of this +reasoning, I ventured to address them in the following manner: +“Gentlemen, if you be conjurers, as I have good cause to believe, you +can understand my language; therefore I make bold to let your worships +know that I am a poor distressed Englishman, driven by his misfortunes +upon your coast; and I entreat one of you to let me ride upon his back, +as if he were a real horse, to some house or village where I can be +relieved. In return of which favour, I will make you a present of this +knife and bracelet,” taking them out of my pocket. The two creatures +stood silent while I spoke, seeming to listen with great attention, and +when I had ended, they neighed frequently towards each other, as if +they were engaged in serious conversation. I plainly observed that +their language expressed the passions very well, and the words might, +with little pains, be resolved into an alphabet more easily than the +Chinese. + +I could frequently distinguish the word _Yahoo_, which was repeated by +each of them several times: and although it was impossible for me to +conjecture what it meant, yet while the two horses were busy in +conversation, I endeavoured to practise this word upon my tongue; and +as soon as they were silent, I boldly pronounced _Yahoo_ in a loud +voice, imitating at the same time, as near as I could, the neighing of +a horse; at which they were both visibly surprised; and the gray +repeated the same word twice, as if he meant to teach me the right +accent; wherein I spoke after him as well as I could, and found myself +perceivably to improve every time, though very far from any degree of +perfection. Then the bay tried me with a second word, much harder to be +pronounced; but reducing it to the English orthography, may be spelt +thus, _Houyhnhnm_. I did not succeed in this so well as in the former; +but after two or three farther trials, I had better fortune; and they +both appeared amazed at my capacity. + +After some further discourse, which I then conjectured might relate to +me, the two friends took their leaves, with the same compliment of +striking each other’s hoof; and the gray made me signs that I should +walk before him; wherein I thought it prudent to comply, till I could +find a better director. When I offered to slacken my pace, he would cry +_hhuun hhuun_: I guessed his meaning, and gave him to understand, as +well as I could, “that I was weary, and not able to walk faster;” upon +which he would stand a while to let me rest. + + +CHAPTER II. + +The author conducted by a Houyhnhnm to his house. The house described. +The author’s reception. The food of the Houyhnhnms. The author in +distress for want of meat, is at last relieved. His manner of feeding +in this country. + + +Having travelled about three miles, we came to a long kind of building, +made of timber stuck in the ground, and wattled across; the roof was +low and covered with straw. I now began to be a little comforted; and +took out some toys, which travellers usually carry for presents to the +savage Indians of America, and other parts, in hopes the people of the +house would be thereby encouraged to receive me kindly. The horse made +me a sign to go in first; it was a large room with a smooth clay floor, +and a rack and manger, extending the whole length on one side. There +were three nags and two mares, not eating, but some of them sitting +down upon their hams, which I very much wondered at; but wondered more +to see the rest employed in domestic business; these seemed but +ordinary cattle. However, this confirmed my first opinion, that a +people who could so far civilize brute animals, must needs excel in +wisdom all the nations of the world. The gray came in just after, and +thereby prevented any ill treatment which the others might have given +me. He neighed to them several times in a style of authority, and +received answers. + +Beyond this room there were three others, reaching the length of the +house, to which you passed through three doors, opposite to each other, +in the manner of a vista. We went through the second room towards the +third. Here the gray walked in first, beckoning me to attend: I waited +in the second room, and got ready my presents for the master and +mistress of the house; they were two knives, three bracelets of false +pearls, a small looking-glass, and a bead necklace. The horse neighed +three or four times, and I waited to hear some answers in a human +voice, but I heard no other returns than in the same dialect, only one +or two a little shriller than his. I began to think that this house +must belong to some person of great note among them, because there +appeared so much ceremony before I could gain admittance. But, that a +man of quality should be served all by horses, was beyond my +comprehension. I feared my brain was disturbed by my sufferings and +misfortunes. I roused myself, and looked about me in the room where I +was left alone: this was furnished like the first, only after a more +elegant manner. I rubbed my eyes often, but the same objects still +occurred. I pinched my arms and sides to awake myself, hoping I might +be in a dream. I then absolutely concluded, that all these appearances +could be nothing else but necromancy and magic. But I had no time to +pursue these reflections; for the gray horse came to the door, and made +me a sign to follow him into the third room where I saw a very comely +mare, together with a colt and foal, sitting on their haunches upon +mats of straw, not unartfully made, and perfectly neat and clean. + +The mare soon after my entrance rose from her mat, and coming up close, +after having nicely observed my hands and face, gave me a most +contemptuous look; and turning to the horse, I heard the word _Yahoo_ +often repeated betwixt them; the meaning of which word I could not then +comprehend, although it was the first I had learned to pronounce. But I +was soon better informed, to my everlasting mortification; for the +horse, beckoning to me with his head, and repeating the _hhuun_, +_hhuun_, as he did upon the road, which I understood was to attend him, +led me out into a kind of court, where was another building, at some +distance from the house. Here we entered, and I saw three of those +detestable creatures, which I first met after my landing, feeding upon +roots, and the flesh of some animals, which I afterwards found to be +that of asses and dogs, and now and then a cow, dead by accident or +disease. They were all tied by the neck with strong withes, fastened to +a beam; they held their food between the claws of their forefeet, and +tore it with their teeth. + +The master horse ordered a sorrel nag, one of his servants, to untie +the largest of these animals, and take him into the yard. The beast and +I were brought close together, and by our countenances diligently +compared both by master and servant, who thereupon repeated several +times the word _Yahoo_. My horror and astonishment are not to be +described, when I observed in this abominable animal, a perfect human +figure: the face of it indeed was flat and broad, the nose depressed, +the lips large, and the mouth wide; but these differences are common to +all savage nations, where the lineaments of the countenance are +distorted, by the natives suffering their infants to lie grovelling on +the earth, or by carrying them on their backs, nuzzling with their face +against the mothers’ shoulders. The forefeet of the _Yahoo_ differed +from my hands in nothing else but the length of the nails, the +coarseness and brownness of the palms, and the hairiness on the backs. +There was the same resemblance between our feet, with the same +differences; which I knew very well, though the horses did not, because +of my shoes and stockings; the same in every part of our bodies except +as to hairiness and colour, which I have already described. + +The great difficulty that seemed to stick with the two horses, was to +see the rest of my body so very different from that of a _Yahoo_, for +which I was obliged to my clothes, whereof they had no conception. The +sorrel nag offered me a root, which he held (after their manner, as we +shall describe in its proper place) between his hoof and pastern; I +took it in my hand, and, having smelt it, returned it to him again as +civilly as I could. He brought out of the _Yahoos_’ kennel a piece of +ass’s flesh; but it smelt so offensively that I turned from it with +loathing: he then threw it to the _Yahoo_, by whom it was greedily +devoured. He afterwards showed me a wisp of hay, and a fetlock full of +oats; but I shook my head, to signify that neither of these were food +for me. And indeed I now apprehended that I must absolutely starve, if +I did not get to some of my own species; for as to those filthy +_Yahoos_, although there were few greater lovers of mankind at that +time than myself, yet I confess I never saw any sensitive being so +detestable on all accounts; and the more I came near them the more +hateful they grew, while I stayed in that country. This the master +horse observed by my behaviour, and therefore sent the _Yahoo_ back to +his kennel. He then put his fore-hoof to his mouth, at which I was much +surprised, although he did it with ease, and with a motion that +appeared perfectly natural, and made other signs, to know what I would +eat; but I could not return him such an answer as he was able to +apprehend; and if he had understood me, I did not see how it was +possible to contrive any way for finding myself nourishment. While we +were thus engaged, I observed a cow passing by, whereupon I pointed to +her, and expressed a desire to go and milk her. This had its effect; +for he led me back into the house, and ordered a mare-servant to open a +room, where a good store of milk lay in earthen and wooden vessels, +after a very orderly and cleanly manner. She gave me a large bowlful, +of which I drank very heartily, and found myself well refreshed. + +About noon, I saw coming towards the house a kind of vehicle drawn like +a sledge by four _Yahoos_. There was in it an old steed, who seemed to +be of quality; he alighted with his hind-feet forward, having by +accident got a hurt in his left fore-foot. He came to dine with our +horse, who received him with great civility. They dined in the best +room, and had oats boiled in milk for the second course, which the old +horse ate warm, but the rest cold. Their mangers were placed circular +in the middle of the room, and divided into several partitions, round +which they sat on their haunches, upon bosses of straw. In the middle +was a large rack, with angles answering to every partition of the +manger; so that each horse and mare ate their own hay, and their own +mash of oats and milk, with much decency and regularity. The behaviour +of the young colt and foal appeared very modest, and that of the master +and mistress extremely cheerful and complaisant to their guest. The +gray ordered me to stand by him; and much discourse passed between him +and his friend concerning me, as I found by the stranger’s often +looking on me, and the frequent repetition of the word _Yahoo_. + +I happened to wear my gloves, which the master gray observing, seemed +perplexed, discovering signs of wonder what I had done to my forefeet. +He put his hoof three or four times to them, as if he would signify, +that I should reduce them to their former shape, which I presently did, +pulling off both my gloves, and putting them into my pocket. This +occasioned farther talk; and I saw the company was pleased with my +behaviour, whereof I soon found the good effects. I was ordered to +speak the few words I understood; and while they were at dinner, the +master taught me the names for oats, milk, fire, water, and some +others, which I could readily pronounce after him, having from my youth +a great facility in learning languages. + +When dinner was done, the master horse took me aside, and by signs and +words made me understand the concern he was in that I had nothing to +eat. Oats in their tongue are called _hlunnh_. This word I pronounced +two or three times; for although I had refused them at first, yet, upon +second thoughts, I considered that I could contrive to make of them a +kind of bread, which might be sufficient, with milk, to keep me alive, +till I could make my escape to some other country, and to creatures of +my own species. The horse immediately ordered a white mare servant of +his family to bring me a good quantity of oats in a sort of wooden +tray. These I heated before the fire, as well as I could, and rubbed +them till the husks came off, which I made a shift to winnow from the +grain. I ground and beat them between two stones; then took water, and +made them into a paste or cake, which I toasted at the fire and eat +warm with milk. It was at first a very insipid diet, though common +enough in many parts of Europe, but grew tolerable by time; and having +been often reduced to hard fare in my life, this was not the first +experiment I had made how easily nature is satisfied. And I cannot but +observe, that I never had one hour’s sickness while I stayed in this +island. It is true, I sometimes made a shift to catch a rabbit, or +bird, by springs made of _Yahoo’s_ hairs; and I often gathered +wholesome herbs, which I boiled, and ate as salads with my bread; and +now and then, for a rarity, I made a little butter, and drank the whey. +I was at first at a great loss for salt, but custom soon reconciled me +to the want of it; and I am confident that the frequent use of salt +among us is an effect of luxury, and was first introduced only as a +provocative to drink, except where it is necessary for preserving flesh +in long voyages, or in places remote from great markets; for we observe +no animal to be fond of it but man, and as to myself, when I left this +country, it was a great while before I could endure the taste of it in +anything that I ate. + +This is enough to say upon the subject of my diet, wherewith other +travellers fill their books, as if the readers were personally +concerned whether we fare well or ill. However, it was necessary to +mention this matter, lest the world should think it impossible that I +could find sustenance for three years in such a country, and among such +inhabitants. + +When it grew towards evening, the master horse ordered a place for me +to lodge in; it was but six yards from the house and separated from the +stable of the _Yahoos_. Here I got some straw, and covering myself with +my own clothes, slept very sound. But I was in a short time better +accommodated, as the reader shall know hereafter, when I come to treat +more particularly about my way of living. + + +CHAPTER III. + +The author studies to learn the language. The Houyhnhnm, his master, +assists in teaching him. The language described. Several Houyhnhnms of +quality come out of curiosity to see the author. He gives his master a +short account of his voyage. + + +My principal endeavour was to learn the language, which my master (for +so I shall henceforth call him), and his children, and every servant of +his house, were desirous to teach me; for they looked upon it as a +prodigy, that a brute animal should discover such marks of a rational +creature. I pointed to every thing, and inquired the name of it, which +I wrote down in my journal-book when I was alone, and corrected my bad +accent by desiring those of the family to pronounce it often. In this +employment, a sorrel nag, one of the under-servants, was very ready to +assist me. + +In speaking, they pronounced through the nose and throat, and their +language approaches nearest to the High-Dutch, or German, of any I know +in Europe; but is much more graceful and significant. The emperor +Charles V. made almost the same observation, when he said “that if he +were to speak to his horse, it should be in High-Dutch.” + +The curiosity and impatience of my master were so great, that he spent +many hours of his leisure to instruct me. He was convinced (as he +afterwards told me) that I must be a _Yahoo_; but my teachableness, +civility, and cleanliness, astonished him; which were qualities +altogether opposite to those animals. He was most perplexed about my +clothes, reasoning sometimes with himself, whether they were a part of +my body: for I never pulled them off till the family were asleep, and +got them on before they waked in the morning. My master was eager to +learn “whence I came; how I acquired those appearances of reason, which +I discovered in all my actions; and to know my story from my own mouth, +which he hoped he should soon do by the great proficiency I made in +learning and pronouncing their words and sentences.” To help my memory, +I formed all I learned into the English alphabet, and writ the words +down, with the translations. This last, after some time, I ventured to +do in my master’s presence. It cost me much trouble to explain to him +what I was doing; for the inhabitants have not the least idea of books +or literature. + +In about ten weeks time, I was able to understand most of his +questions; and in three months, could give him some tolerable answers. +He was extremely curious to know “from what part of the country I came, +and how I was taught to imitate a rational creature; because the +_Yahoos_ (whom he saw I exactly resembled in my head, hands, and face, +that were only visible), with some appearance of cunning, and the +strongest disposition to mischief, were observed to be the most +unteachable of all brutes.” I answered, “that I came over the sea, from +a far place, with many others of my own kind, in a great hollow vessel +made of the bodies of trees: that my companions forced me to land on +this coast, and then left me to shift for myself.” It was with some +difficulty, and by the help of many signs, that I brought him to +understand me. He replied, “that I must needs be mistaken, or that I +said the thing which was not;” for they have no word in their language +to express lying or falsehood. “He knew it was impossible that there +could be a country beyond the sea, or that a parcel of brutes could +move a wooden vessel whither they pleased upon water. He was sure no +_Houyhnhnm_ alive could make such a vessel, nor would trust _Yahoos_ to +manage it.” + +The word _Houyhnhnm_, in their tongue, signifies a _horse_, and, in its +etymology, the _perfection of nature_. I told my master, “that I was at +a loss for expression, but would improve as fast as I could; and hoped, +in a short time, I should be able to tell him wonders.” He was pleased +to direct his own mare, his colt, and foal, and the servants of the +family, to take all opportunities of instructing me; and every day, for +two or three hours, he was at the same pains himself. Several horses +and mares of quality in the neighbourhood came often to our house, upon +the report spread of “a wonderful _Yahoo_, that could speak like a +_Houyhnhnm_, and seemed, in his words and actions, to discover some +glimmerings of reason.” These delighted to converse with me: they put +many questions, and received such answers as I was able to return. By +all these advantages I made so great a progress, that, in five months +from my arrival I understood whatever was spoken, and could express +myself tolerably well. + +The _Houyhnhnms_, who came to visit my master out of a design of seeing +and talking with me, could hardly believe me to be a right _Yahoo_, +because my body had a different covering from others of my kind. They +were astonished to observe me without the usual hair or skin, except on +my head, face, and hands; but I discovered that secret to my master +upon an accident which happened about a fortnight before. + +I have already told the reader, that every night, when the family were +gone to bed, it was my custom to strip, and cover myself with my +clothes. It happened, one morning early, that my master sent for me by +the sorrel nag, who was his valet. When he came I was fast asleep, my +clothes fallen off on one side, and my shirt above my waist. I awaked +at the noise he made, and observed him to deliver his message in some +disorder; after which he went to my master, and in a great fright gave +him a very confused account of what he had seen. This I presently +discovered, for, going as soon as I was dressed to pay my attendance +upon his honour, he asked me “the meaning of what his servant had +reported, that I was not the same thing when I slept, as I appeared to +be at other times; that his valet assured him, some part of me was +white, some yellow, at least not so white, and some brown.” + +I had hitherto concealed the secret of my dress, in order to +distinguish myself, as much as possible, from that cursed race of +_Yahoos_; but now I found it in vain to do so any longer. Besides, I +considered that my clothes and shoes would soon wear out, which already +were in a declining condition, and must be supplied by some contrivance +from the hides of _Yahoos_, or other brutes; whereby the whole secret +would be known. I therefore told my master, “that in the country whence +I came, those of my kind always covered their bodies with the hairs of +certain animals prepared by art, as well for decency as to avoid the +inclemencies of air, both hot and cold; of which, as to my own person, +I would give him immediate conviction, if he pleased to command me: +only desiring his excuse, if I did not expose those parts that nature +taught us to conceal.” He said, “my discourse was all very strange, but +especially the last part; for he could not understand, why nature +should teach us to conceal what nature had given; that neither himself +nor family were ashamed of any parts of their bodies; but, however, I +might do as I pleased.” Whereupon I first unbuttoned my coat, and +pulled it off. I did the same with my waistcoat. I drew off my shoes, +stockings, and breeches. I let my shirt down to my waist, and drew up +the bottom; fastening it like a girdle about my middle, to hide my +nakedness. + +My master observed the whole performance with great signs of curiosity +and admiration. He took up all my clothes in his pastern, one piece +after another, and examined them diligently; he then stroked my body +very gently, and looked round me several times; after which, he said, +it was plain I must be a perfect _Yahoo_; but that I differed very much +from the rest of my species in the softness, whiteness, and smoothness +of my skin; my want of hair in several parts of my body; the shape and +shortness of my claws behind and before; and my affectation of walking +continually on my two hinder feet. He desired to see no more; and gave +me leave to put on my clothes again, for I was shuddering with cold. + +I expressed my uneasiness at his giving me so often the appellation of +_Yahoo_, an odious animal, for which I had so utter a hatred and +contempt: I begged he would forbear applying that word to me, and make +the same order in his family and among his friends whom he suffered to +see me. I requested likewise, “that the secret of my having a false +covering to my body, might be known to none but himself, at least as +long as my present clothing should last; for as to what the sorrel nag, +his valet, had observed, his honour might command him to conceal it.” + +All this my master very graciously consented to; and thus the secret +was kept till my clothes began to wear out, which I was forced to +supply by several contrivances that shall hereafter be mentioned. In +the meantime, he desired “I would go on with my utmost diligence to +learn their language, because he was more astonished at my capacity for +speech and reason, than at the figure of my body, whether it were +covered or not;” adding, “that he waited with some impatience to hear +the wonders which I promised to tell him.” + +From thenceforward he doubled the pains he had been at to instruct me: +he brought me into all company, and made them treat me with civility; +“because,” as he told them, privately, “this would put me into good +humour, and make me more diverting.” + +Every day, when I waited on him, beside the trouble he was at in +teaching, he would ask me several questions concerning myself, which I +answered as well as I could, and by these means he had already received +some general ideas, though very imperfect. It would be tedious to +relate the several steps by which I advanced to a more regular +conversation; but the first account I gave of myself in any order and +length was to this purpose: + +“That I came from a very far country, as I already had attempted to +tell him, with about fifty more of my own species; that we travelled +upon the seas in a great hollow vessel made of wood, and larger than +his honour’s house. I described the ship to him in the best terms I +could, and explained, by the help of my handkerchief displayed, how it +was driven forward by the wind. That upon a quarrel among us, I was set +on shore on this coast, where I walked forward, without knowing +whither, till he delivered me from the persecution of those execrable +_Yahoos_.” He asked me, “who made the ship, and how it was possible +that the _Houyhnhnms_ of my country would leave it to the management of +brutes?” My answer was, “that I durst proceed no further in my +relation, unless he would give me his word and honour that he would not +be offended, and then I would tell him the wonders I had so often +promised.” He agreed; and I went on by assuring him, that the ship was +made by creatures like myself; who, in all the countries I had +travelled, as well as in my own, were the only governing rational +animals; and that upon my arrival hither, I was as much astonished to +see the _Houyhnhnms_ act like rational beings, as he, or his friends, +could be, in finding some marks of reason in a creature he was pleased +to call a _Yahoo_; to which I owned my resemblance in every part, but +could not account for their degenerate and brutal nature. I said +farther, “that if good fortune ever restored me to my native country, +to relate my travels hither, as I resolved to do, everybody would +believe, that I said the thing that was not, that I invented the story +out of my own head; and (with all possible respect to himself, his +family, and friends, and under his promise of not being offended) our +countrymen would hardly think it probable that a _Houyhnhnm_ should be +the presiding creature of a nation, and a _Yahoo_ the brute.” + + +CHAPTER IV. + +The Houyhnhnms’ notion of truth and falsehood. The author’s discourse +disapproved by his master. The author gives a more particular account +of himself, and the accidents of his voyage. + + +My master heard me with great appearances of uneasiness in his +countenance; because _doubting_, or not believing, are so little known +in this country, that the inhabitants cannot tell how to behave +themselves under such circumstances. And I remember, in frequent +discourses with my master concerning the nature of manhood in other +parts of the world, having occasion to talk of _lying_ and _false +representation_, it was with much difficulty that he comprehended what +I meant, although he had otherwise a most acute judgment. For he argued +thus: “that the use of speech was to make us understand one another, +and to receive information of facts; now, if any one _said the thing +which was not_, these ends were defeated, because I cannot properly be +said to understand him; and I am so far from receiving information, +that he leaves me worse than in ignorance; for I am led to believe a +thing black, when it is white, and short, when it is long.” And these +were all the notions he had concerning that faculty of _lying_, so +perfectly well understood, and so universally practised, among human +creatures. + +To return from this digression. When I asserted that the _Yahoos_ were +the only governing animals in my country, which my master said was +altogether past his conception, he desired to know, “whether we had +_Houyhnhnms_ among us, and what was their employment?” I told him, “we +had great numbers; that in summer they grazed in the fields, and in +winter were kept in houses with hay and oats, where _Yahoo_ servants +were employed to rub their skins smooth, comb their manes, pick their +feet, serve them with food, and make their beds.” “I understand you +well,” said my master: “it is now very plain, from all you have spoken, +that whatever share of reason the _Yahoos_ pretend to, the _Houyhnhnms_ +are your masters; I heartily wish our _Yahoos_ would be so tractable.” +I begged “his honour would please to excuse me from proceeding any +further, because I was very certain that the account he expected from +me would be highly displeasing.” But he insisted in commanding me to +let him know the best and the worst. I told him “he should be obeyed.” +I owned “that the _Houyhnhnms_ among us, whom we called horses, were +the most generous and comely animals we had; that they excelled in +strength and swiftness; and when they belonged to persons of quality, +were employed in travelling, racing, or drawing chariots; they were +treated with much kindness and care, till they fell into diseases, or +became foundered in the feet; but then they were sold, and used to all +kind of drudgery till they died; after which their skins were stripped, +and sold for what they were worth, and their bodies left to be devoured +by dogs and birds of prey. But the common race of horses had not so +good fortune, being kept by farmers and carriers, and other mean +people, who put them to greater labour, and fed them worse.” I +described, as well as I could, our way of riding; the shape and use of +a bridle, a saddle, a spur, and a whip; of harness and wheels. I added, +“that we fastened plates of a certain hard substance, called iron, at +the bottom of their feet, to preserve their hoofs from being broken by +the stony ways, on which we often travelled.” + +My master, after some expressions of great indignation, wondered “how +we dared to venture upon a _Houyhnhnm’s_ back; for he was sure, that +the weakest servant in his house would be able to shake off the +strongest _Yahoo_; or by lying down and rolling on his back, squeeze +the brute to death.” I answered “that our horses were trained up, from +three or four years old, to the several uses we intended them for; that +if any of them proved intolerably vicious, they were employed for +carriages; that they were severely beaten, while they were young, for +any mischievous tricks; that the males, designed for the common use of +riding or draught, were generally castrated about two years after their +birth, to take down their spirits, and make them more tame and gentle; +that they were indeed sensible of rewards and punishments; but his +honour would please to consider, that they had not the least tincture +of reason, any more than the _Yahoos_ in this country.” + +It put me to the pains of many circumlocutions, to give my master a +right idea of what I spoke; for their language does not abound in +variety of words, because their wants and passions are fewer than among +us. But it is impossible to express his noble resentment at our savage +treatment of the _Houyhnhnm_ race; particularly after I had explained +the manner and use of castrating horses among us, to hinder them from +propagating their kind, and to render them more servile. He said, “if +it were possible there could be any country where _Yahoos_ alone were +endued with reason, they certainly must be the governing animal; +because reason in time will always prevail against brutal strength. +But, considering the frame of our bodies, and especially of mine, he +thought no creature of equal bulk was so ill-contrived for employing +that reason in the common offices of life;” whereupon he desired to +know “whether those among whom I lived resembled me, or the _Yahoos_ of +his country?” I assured him, “that I was as well shaped as most of my +age; but the younger, and the females, were much more soft and tender, +and the skins of the latter generally as white as milk.” He said, “I +differed indeed from other _Yahoos_, being much more cleanly, and not +altogether so deformed; but, in point of real advantage, he thought I +differed for the worse: that my nails were of no use either to my fore +or hinder feet; as to my forefeet, he could not properly call them by +that name, for he never observed me to walk upon them; that they were +too soft to bear the ground; that I generally went with them uncovered; +neither was the covering I sometimes wore on them of the same shape, or +so strong as that on my feet behind: that I could not walk with any +security, for if either of my hinder feet slipped, I must inevitably +fall.” He then began to find fault with other parts of my body: “the +flatness of my face, the prominence of my nose, my eyes placed directly +in front, so that I could not look on either side without turning my +head: that I was not able to feed myself, without lifting one of my +forefeet to my mouth: and therefore nature had placed those joints to +answer that necessity. He knew not what could be the use of those +several clefts and divisions in my feet behind; that these were too +soft to bear the hardness and sharpness of stones, without a covering +made from the skin of some other brute; that my whole body wanted a +fence against heat and cold, which I was forced to put on and off every +day, with tediousness and trouble: and lastly, that he observed every +animal in this country naturally to abhor the _Yahoos_, whom the weaker +avoided, and the stronger drove from them. So that, supposing us to +have the gift of reason, he could not see how it were possible to cure +that natural antipathy, which every creature discovered against us; nor +consequently how we could tame and render them serviceable. However, he +would,” as he said, “debate the matter no farther, because he was more +desirous to know my own story, the country where I was born, and the +several actions and events of my life, before I came hither.” + +I assured him, “how extremely desirous I was that he should be +satisfied on every point; but I doubted much, whether it would be +possible for me to explain myself on several subjects, whereof his +honour could have no conception; because I saw nothing in his country +to which I could resemble them; that, however, I would do my best, and +strive to express myself by similitudes, humbly desiring his assistance +when I wanted proper words;” which he was pleased to promise me. + +I said, “my birth was of honest parents, in an island called England; +which was remote from his country, as many days’ journey as the +strongest of his honour’s servants could travel in the annual course of +the sun; that I was bred a surgeon, whose trade it is to cure wounds +and hurts in the body, gotten by accident or violence; that my country +was governed by a female man, whom we called queen; that I left it to +get riches, whereby I might maintain myself and family, when I should +return; that, in my last voyage, I was commander of the ship, and had +about fifty _Yahoos_ under me, many of which died at sea, and I was +forced to supply them by others picked out from several nations; that +our ship was twice in danger of being sunk, the first time by a great +storm, and the second by striking against a rock.” Here my master +interposed, by asking me, “how I could persuade strangers, out of +different countries, to venture with me, after the losses I had +sustained, and the hazards I had run?” I said, “they were fellows of +desperate fortunes, forced to fly from the places of their birth on +account of their poverty or their crimes. Some were undone by lawsuits; +others spent all they had in drinking, whoring, and gaming; others fled +for treason; many for murder, theft, poisoning, robbery, perjury, +forgery, coining false money, for committing rapes, or sodomy; for +flying from their colours, or deserting to the enemy; and most of them +had broken prison; none of these durst return to their native +countries, for fear of being hanged, or of starving in a jail; and +therefore they were under the necessity of seeking a livelihood in +other places.” + +During this discourse, my master was pleased to interrupt me several +times. I had made use of many circumlocutions in describing to him the +nature of the several crimes for which most of our crew had been forced +to fly their country. This labour took up several days’ conversation, +before he was able to comprehend me. He was wholly at a loss to know +what could be the use or necessity of practising those vices. To clear +up which, I endeavoured to give some ideas of the desire of power and +riches; of the terrible effects of lust, intemperance, malice, and +envy. All this I was forced to define and describe by putting cases and +making suppositions. After which, like one whose imagination was struck +with something never seen or heard of before, he would lift up his eyes +with amazement and indignation. Power, government, war, law, +punishment, and a thousand other things, had no terms wherein that +language could express them, which made the difficulty almost +insuperable, to give my master any conception of what I meant. But +being of an excellent understanding, much improved by contemplation and +converse, he at last arrived at a competent knowledge of what human +nature, in our parts of the world, is capable to perform, and desired I +would give him some particular account of that land which we call +Europe, but especially of my own country. + + +CHAPTER V. + +The author at his master’s command, informs him of the state of +England. The causes of war among the princes of Europe. The author +begins to explain the English constitution. + + +The reader may please to observe, that the following extract of many +conversations I had with my master, contains a summary of the most +material points which were discoursed at several times for above two +years; his honour often desiring fuller satisfaction, as I farther +improved in the _Houyhnhnm_ tongue. I laid before him, as well as I +could, the whole state of Europe; I discoursed of trade and +manufactures, of arts and sciences; and the answers I gave to all the +questions he made, as they arose upon several subjects, were a fund of +conversation not to be exhausted. But I shall here only set down the +substance of what passed between us concerning my own country, reducing +it in order as well as I can, without any regard to time or other +circumstances, while I strictly adhere to truth. My only concern is, +that I shall hardly be able to do justice to my master’s arguments and +expressions, which must needs suffer by my want of capacity, as well as +by a translation into our barbarous English. + +In obedience, therefore, to his honour’s commands, I related to him the +Revolution under the Prince of Orange; the long war with France, +entered into by the said prince, and renewed by his successor, the +present queen, wherein the greatest powers of Christendom were engaged, +and which still continued: I computed, at his request, “that about a +million of _Yahoos_ might have been killed in the whole progress of it; +and perhaps a hundred or more cities taken, and five times as many +ships burnt or sunk.” + +He asked me, “what were the usual causes or motives that made one +country go to war with another?” I answered “they were innumerable; but +I should only mention a few of the chief. Sometimes the ambition of +princes, who never think they have land or people enough to govern; +sometimes the corruption of ministers, who engage their master in a +war, in order to stifle or divert the clamour of the subjects against +their evil administration. Difference in opinions has cost many +millions of lives: for instance, whether flesh be bread, or bread be +flesh; whether the juice of a certain berry be blood or wine; whether +whistling be a vice or a virtue; whether it be better to kiss a post, +or throw it into the fire; what is the best colour for a coat, whether +black, white, red, or gray; and whether it should be long or short, +narrow or wide, dirty or clean; with many more. Neither are any wars so +furious and bloody, or of so long a continuance, as those occasioned by +difference in opinion, especially if it be in things indifferent. + +“Sometimes the quarrel between two princes is to decide which of them +shall dispossess a third of his dominions, where neither of them +pretend to any right. Sometimes one prince quarrels with another for +fear the other should quarrel with him. Sometimes a war is entered +upon, because the enemy is too strong; and sometimes, because he is too +weak. Sometimes our neighbours want the things which we have, or have +the things which we want, and we both fight, till they take ours, or +give us theirs. It is a very justifiable cause of a war, to invade a +country after the people have been wasted by famine, destroyed by +pestilence, or embroiled by factions among themselves. It is +justifiable to enter into war against our nearest ally, when one of his +towns lies convenient for us, or a territory of land, that would render +our dominions round and complete. If a prince sends forces into a +nation, where the people are poor and ignorant, he may lawfully put +half of them to death, and make slaves of the rest, in order to +civilize and reduce them from their barbarous way of living. It is a +very kingly, honourable, and frequent practice, when one prince desires +the assistance of another, to secure him against an invasion, that the +assistant, when he has driven out the invader, should seize on the +dominions himself, and kill, imprison, or banish, the prince he came to +relieve. Alliance by blood, or marriage, is a frequent cause of war +between princes; and the nearer the kindred is, the greater their +disposition to quarrel; poor nations are hungry, and rich nations are +proud; and pride and hunger will ever be at variance. For these +reasons, the trade of a soldier is held the most honourable of all +others; because a soldier is a _Yahoo_ hired to kill, in cold blood, as +many of his own species, who have never offended him, as possibly he +can. + +“There is likewise a kind of beggarly princes in Europe, not able to +make war by themselves, who hire out their troops to richer nations, +for so much a day to each man; of which they keep three-fourths to +themselves, and it is the best part of their maintenance: such are +those in many northern parts of Europe.” + +“What you have told me,” said my master, “upon the subject of war, does +indeed discover most admirably the effects of that reason you pretend +to: however, it is happy that the shame is greater than the danger; and +that nature has left you utterly incapable of doing much mischief. For, +your mouths lying flat with your faces, you can hardly bite each other +to any purpose, unless by consent. Then as to the claws upon your feet +before and behind, they are so short and tender, that one of our +_Yahoos_ would drive a dozen of yours before him. And therefore, in +recounting the numbers of those who have been killed in battle, I +cannot but think you have said the thing which is not.” + +I could not forbear shaking my head, and smiling a little at his +ignorance. And being no stranger to the art of war, I gave him a +description of cannons, culverins, muskets, carabines, pistols, +bullets, powder, swords, bayonets, battles, sieges, retreats, attacks, +undermines, countermines, bombardments, sea fights, ships sunk with a +thousand men, twenty thousand killed on each side, dying groans, limbs +flying in the air, smoke, noise, confusion, trampling to death under +horses’ feet, flight, pursuit, victory; fields strewed with carcases, +left for food to dogs and wolves and birds of prey; plundering, +stripping, ravishing, burning, and destroying. And to set forth the +valour of my own dear countrymen, I assured him, “that I had seen them +blow up a hundred enemies at once in a siege, and as many in a ship, +and beheld the dead bodies drop down in pieces from the clouds, to the +great diversion of the spectators.” + +I was going on to more particulars, when my master commanded me +silence. He said, “whoever understood the nature of _Yahoos_, might +easily believe it possible for so vile an animal to be capable of every +action I had named, if their strength and cunning equalled their +malice. But as my discourse had increased his abhorrence of the whole +species, so he found it gave him a disturbance in his mind to which he +was wholly a stranger before. He thought his ears, being used to such +abominable words, might, by degrees, admit them with less detestation: +that although he hated the _Yahoos_ of this country, yet he no more +blamed them for their odious qualities, than he did a _gnnayh_ (a bird +of prey) for its cruelty, or a sharp stone for cutting his hoof. But +when a creature pretending to reason could be capable of such +enormities, he dreaded lest the corruption of that faculty might be +worse than brutality itself. He seemed therefore confident, that, +instead of reason we were only possessed of some quality fitted to +increase our natural vices; as the reflection from a troubled stream +returns the image of an ill-shapen body, not only larger but more +distorted.” + +He added, “that he had heard too much upon the subject of war, both in +this and some former discourses. There was another point, which a +little perplexed him at present. I had informed him, that some of our +crew left their country on account of being ruined by law; that I had +already explained the meaning of the word; but he was at a loss how it +should come to pass, that the law, which was intended for every man’s +preservation, should be any man’s ruin. Therefore he desired to be +further satisfied what I meant by law, and the dispensers thereof, +according to the present practice in my own country; because he thought +nature and reason were sufficient guides for a reasonable animal, as we +pretended to be, in showing us what we ought to do, and what to avoid.” + +I assured his honour, “that law was a science in which I had not much +conversed, further than by employing advocates, in vain, upon some +injustices that had been done me: however, I would give him all the +satisfaction I was able.” + +I said, “there was a society of men among us, bred up from their youth +in the art of proving, by words multiplied for the purpose, that white +is black, and black is white, according as they are paid. To this +society all the rest of the people are slaves. For example, if my +neighbour has a mind to my cow, he has a lawyer to prove that he ought +to have my cow from me. I must then hire another to defend my right, it +being against all rules of law that any man should be allowed to speak +for himself. Now, in this case, I, who am the right owner, lie under +two great disadvantages: first, my lawyer, being practised almost from +his cradle in defending falsehood, is quite out of his element when he +would be an advocate for justice, which is an unnatural office he +always attempts with great awkwardness, if not with ill-will. The +second disadvantage is, that my lawyer must proceed with great caution, +or else he will be reprimanded by the judges, and abhorred by his +brethren, as one that would lessen the practice of the law. And +therefore I have but two methods to preserve my cow. The first is, to +gain over my adversary’s lawyer with a double fee, who will then betray +his client by insinuating that he hath justice on his side. The second +way is for my lawyer to make my cause appear as unjust as he can, by +allowing the cow to belong to my adversary: and this, if it be +skilfully done, will certainly bespeak the favour of the bench. Now +your honour is to know, that these judges are persons appointed to +decide all controversies of property, as well as for the trial of +criminals, and picked out from the most dexterous lawyers, who are +grown old or lazy; and having been biassed all their lives against +truth and equity, lie under such a fatal necessity of favouring fraud, +perjury, and oppression, that I have known some of them refuse a large +bribe from the side where justice lay, rather than injure the faculty, +by doing any thing unbecoming their nature or their office. + +“It is a maxim among these lawyers that whatever has been done before, +may legally be done again: and therefore they take special care to +record all the decisions formerly made against common justice, and the +general reason of mankind. These, under the name of precedents, they +produce as authorities to justify the most iniquitous opinions; and the +judges never fail of directing accordingly. + +“In pleading, they studiously avoid entering into the merits of the +cause; but are loud, violent, and tedious, in dwelling upon all +circumstances which are not to the purpose. For instance, in the case +already mentioned; they never desire to know what claim or title my +adversary has to my cow; but whether the said cow were red or black; +her horns long or short; whether the field I graze her in be round or +square; whether she was milked at home or abroad; what diseases she is +subject to, and the like; after which they consult precedents, adjourn +the cause from time to time, and in ten, twenty, or thirty years, come +to an issue. + +“It is likewise to be observed, that this society has a peculiar cant +and jargon of their own, that no other mortal can understand, and +wherein all their laws are written, which they take special care to +multiply; whereby they have wholly confounded the very essence of truth +and falsehood, of right and wrong; so that it will take thirty years to +decide, whether the field left me by my ancestors for six generations +belongs to me, or to a stranger three hundred miles off. + +“In the trial of persons accused for crimes against the state, the +method is much more short and commendable: the judge first sends to +sound the disposition of those in power, after which he can easily hang +or save a criminal, strictly preserving all due forms of law.” + +Here my master interposing, said, “it was a pity, that creatures +endowed with such prodigious abilities of mind, as these lawyers, by +the description I gave of them, must certainly be, were not rather +encouraged to be instructors of others in wisdom and knowledge.” In +answer to which I assured his honour, “that in all points out of their +own trade, they were usually the most ignorant and stupid generation +among us, the most despicable in common conversation, avowed enemies to +all knowledge and learning, and equally disposed to pervert the general +reason of mankind in every other subject of discourse as in that of +their own profession.” + + +CHAPTER VI. + +A continuation of the state of England under Queen Anne. The character +of a first minister of state in European courts. + + +My master was yet wholly at a loss to understand what motives could +incite this race of lawyers to perplex, disquiet, and weary themselves, +and engage in a confederacy of injustice, merely for the sake of +injuring their fellow-animals; neither could he comprehend what I meant +in saying, they did it for hire. Whereupon I was at much pains to +describe to him the use of money, the materials it was made of, and the +value of the metals; “that when a _Yahoo_ had got a great store of this +precious substance, he was able to purchase whatever he had a mind to; +the finest clothing, the noblest houses, great tracts of land, the most +costly meats and drinks, and have his choice of the most beautiful +females. Therefore since money alone was able to perform all these +feats, our _Yahoos_ thought they could never have enough of it to +spend, or to save, as they found themselves inclined, from their +natural bent either to profusion or avarice; that the rich man enjoyed +the fruit of the poor man’s labour, and the latter were a thousand to +one in proportion to the former; that the bulk of our people were +forced to live miserably, by labouring every day for small wages, to +make a few live plentifully.” + +I enlarged myself much on these, and many other particulars to the same +purpose; but his honour was still to seek; for he went upon a +supposition, that all animals had a title to their share in the +productions of the earth, and especially those who presided over the +rest. Therefore he desired I would let him know, “what these costly +meats were, and how any of us happened to want them?” Whereupon I +enumerated as many sorts as came into my head, with the various methods +of dressing them, which could not be done without sending vessels by +sea to every part of the world, as well for liquors to drink as for +sauces and innumerable other conveniences. I assured him “that this +whole globe of earth must be at least three times gone round before one +of our better female _Yahoos_ could get her breakfast, or a cup to put +it in.” He said “that must needs be a miserable country which cannot +furnish food for its own inhabitants. But what he chiefly wondered at +was, how such vast tracts of ground as I described should be wholly +without fresh water, and the people put to the necessity of sending +over the sea for drink.” I replied “that England (the dear place of my +nativity) was computed to produce three times the quantity of food more +than its inhabitants are able to consume, as well as liquors extracted +from grain, or pressed out of the fruit of certain trees, which made +excellent drink, and the same proportion in every other convenience of +life. But, in order to feed the luxury and intemperance of the males, +and the vanity of the females, we sent away the greatest part of our +necessary things to other countries, whence, in return, we brought the +materials of diseases, folly, and vice, to spend among ourselves. Hence +it follows of necessity, that vast numbers of our people are compelled +to seek their livelihood by begging, robbing, stealing, cheating, +pimping, flattering, suborning, forswearing, forging, gaming, lying, +fawning, hectoring, voting, scribbling, star-gazing, poisoning, +whoring, canting, libelling, freethinking, and the like occupations:” +every one of which terms I was at much pains to make him understand. + +“That wine was not imported among us from foreign countries to supply +the want of water or other drinks, but because it was a sort of liquid +which made us merry by putting us out of our senses, diverted all +melancholy thoughts, begat wild extravagant imaginations in the brain, +raised our hopes and banished our fears, suspended every office of +reason for a time, and deprived us of the use of our limbs, till we +fell into a profound sleep; although it must be confessed, that we +always awaked sick and dispirited; and that the use of this liquor +filled us with diseases which made our lives uncomfortable and short. + +“But beside all this, the bulk of our people supported themselves by +furnishing the necessities or conveniences of life to the rich and to +each other. For instance, when I am at home, and dressed as I ought to +be, I carry on my body the workmanship of a hundred tradesmen; the +building and furniture of my house employ as many more, and five times +the number to adorn my wife.” + +I was going on to tell him of another sort of people, who get their +livelihood by attending the sick, having, upon some occasions, informed +his honour that many of my crew had died of diseases. But here it was +with the utmost difficulty that I brought him to apprehend what I +meant. “He could easily conceive, that a _Houyhnhnm_, grew weak and +heavy a few days before his death, or by some accident might hurt a +limb; but that nature, who works all things to perfection, should +suffer any pains to breed in our bodies, he thought impossible, and +desired to know the reason of so unaccountable an evil.” + +I told him “we fed on a thousand things which operated contrary to each +other; that we ate when we were not hungry, and drank without the +provocation of thirst; that we sat whole nights drinking strong +liquors, without eating a bit, which disposed us to sloth, inflamed our +bodies, and precipitated or prevented digestion; that prostitute female +_Yahoos_ acquired a certain malady, which bred rottenness in the bones +of those who fell into their embraces; that this, and many other +diseases, were propagated from father to son; so that great numbers +came into the world with complicated maladies upon them; that it would +be endless to give him a catalogue of all diseases incident to human +bodies, for they would not be fewer than five or six hundred, spread +over every limb and joint—in short, every part, external and intestine, +having diseases appropriated to itself. To remedy which, there was a +sort of people bred up among us in the profession, or pretence, of +curing the sick. And because I had some skill in the faculty, I would, +in gratitude to his honour, let him know the whole mystery and method +by which they proceed. + +“Their fundamental is, that all diseases arise from repletion; whence +they conclude, that a great evacuation of the body is necessary, either +through the natural passage or upwards at the mouth. Their next +business is from herbs, minerals, gums, oils, shells, salts, juices, +sea-weed, excrements, barks of trees, serpents, toads, frogs, spiders, +dead men’s flesh and bones, birds, beasts, and fishes, to form a +composition, for smell and taste, the most abominable, nauseous, and +detestable, they can possibly contrive, which the stomach immediately +rejects with loathing, and this they call a vomit; or else, from the +same store-house, with some other poisonous additions, they command us +to take in at the orifice above or below (just as the physician then +happens to be disposed) a medicine equally annoying and disgustful to +the bowels; which, relaxing the belly, drives down all before it; and +this they call a purge, or a clyster. For nature (as the physicians +allege) having intended the superior anterior orifice only for the +intromission of solids and liquids, and the inferior posterior for +ejection, these artists ingeniously considering that in all diseases +nature is forced out of her seat, therefore, to replace her in it, the +body must be treated in a manner directly contrary, by interchanging +the use of each orifice; forcing solids and liquids in at the anus, and +making evacuations at the mouth. + +“But, besides real diseases, we are subject to many that are only +imaginary, for which the physicians have invented imaginary cures; +these have their several names, and so have the drugs that are proper +for them; and with these our female _Yahoos_ are always infested. + +“One great excellency in this tribe, is their skill at prognostics, +wherein they seldom fail; their predictions in real diseases, when they +rise to any degree of malignity, generally portending death, which is +always in their power, when recovery is not: and therefore, upon any +unexpected signs of amendment, after they have pronounced their +sentence, rather than be accused as false prophets, they know how to +approve their sagacity to the world, by a seasonable dose. + +“They are likewise of special use to husbands and wives who are grown +weary of their mates; to eldest sons, to great ministers of state, and +often to princes.” + +I had formerly, upon occasion, discoursed with my master upon the +nature of government in general, and particularly of our own excellent +constitution, deservedly the wonder and envy of the whole world. But +having here accidentally mentioned a minister of state, he commanded +me, some time after, to inform him, “what species of _Yahoo_ I +particularly meant by that appellation.” + +I told him, “that a first or chief minister of state, who was the +person I intended to describe, was the creature wholly exempt from joy +and grief, love and hatred, pity and anger; at least, makes use of no +other passions, but a violent desire of wealth, power, and titles; that +he applies his words to all uses, except to the indication of his mind; +that he never tells a truth but with an intent that you should take it +for a lie; nor a lie, but with a design that you should take it for a +truth; that those he speaks worst of behind their backs are in the +surest way of preferment; and whenever he begins to praise you to +others, or to yourself, you are from that day forlorn. The worst mark +you can receive is a promise, especially when it is confirmed with an +oath; after which, every wise man retires, and gives over all hopes. + +“There are three methods, by which a man may rise to be chief minister. +The first is, by knowing how, with prudence, to dispose of a wife, a +daughter, or a sister; the second, by betraying or undermining his +predecessor; and the third is, by a furious zeal, in public assemblies, +against the corruptions of the court. But a wise prince would rather +choose to employ those who practise the last of these methods; because +such zealots prove always the most obsequious and subservient to the +will and passions of their master. That these ministers, having all +employments at their disposal, preserve themselves in power, by bribing +the majority of a senate or great council; and at last, by an +expedient, called an act of indemnity” (whereof I described the nature +to him), “they secure themselves from after-reckonings, and retire from +the public laden with the spoils of the nation. + +“The palace of a chief minister is a seminary to breed up others in his +own trade: the pages, lackeys, and porters, by imitating their master, +become ministers of state in their several districts, and learn to +excel in the three principal ingredients, of insolence, lying, and +bribery. Accordingly, they have a subaltern court paid to them by +persons of the best rank; and sometimes by the force of dexterity and +impudence, arrive, through several gradations, to be successors to +their lord. + +“He is usually governed by a decayed wench, or favourite footman, who +are the tunnels through which all graces are conveyed, and may properly +be called, in the last resort, the governors of the kingdom.” + +One day, in discourse, my master, having heard me mention the nobility +of my country, was pleased to make me a compliment which I could not +pretend to deserve: “that he was sure I must have been born of some +noble family, because I far exceeded in shape, colour, and cleanliness, +all the _Yahoos_ of his nation, although I seemed to fail in strength +and agility, which must be imputed to my different way of living from +those other brutes; and besides I was not only endowed with the faculty +of speech, but likewise with some rudiments of reason, to a degree +that, with all his acquaintance, I passed for a prodigy.” + +He made me observe, “that among the _Houyhnhnms_, the white, the +sorrel, and the iron-gray, were not so exactly shaped as the bay, the +dapple-gray, and the black; nor born with equal talents of mind, or a +capacity to improve them; and therefore continued always in the +condition of servants, without ever aspiring to match out of their own +race, which in that country would be reckoned monstrous and unnatural.” + +I made his honour my most humble acknowledgments for the good opinion +he was pleased to conceive of me, but assured him at the same time, +“that my birth was of the lower sort, having been born of plain honest +parents, who were just able to give me a tolerable education; that +nobility, among us, was altogether a different thing from the idea he +had of it; that our young noblemen are bred from their childhood in +idleness and luxury; that, as soon as years will permit, they consume +their vigour, and contract odious diseases among lewd females; and when +their fortunes are almost ruined, they marry some woman of mean birth, +disagreeable person, and unsound constitution (merely for the sake of +money), whom they hate and despise. That the productions of such +marriages are generally scrofulous, rickety, or deformed children; by +which means the family seldom continues above three generations, unless +the wife takes care to provide a healthy father, among her neighbours +or domestics, in order to improve and continue the breed. That a weak +diseased body, a meagre countenance, and sallow complexion, are the +true marks of noble blood; and a healthy robust appearance is so +disgraceful in a man of quality, that the world concludes his real +father to have been a groom or a coachman. The imperfections of his +mind run parallel with those of his body, being a composition of +spleen, dullness, ignorance, caprice, sensuality, and pride. + +“Without the consent of this illustrious body, no law can be enacted, +repealed, or altered: and these nobles have likewise the decision of +all our possessions, without appeal.” [514] + + +CHAPTER VII. + +The author’s great love of his native country. His master’s +observations upon the constitution and administration of England, as +described by the author, with parallel cases and comparisons. His +master’s observations upon human nature. + + +The reader may be disposed to wonder how I could prevail on myself to +give so free a representation of my own species, among a race of +mortals who are already too apt to conceive the vilest opinion of +humankind, from that entire congruity between me and their _Yahoos_. +But I must freely confess, that the many virtues of those excellent +quadrupeds, placed in opposite view to human corruptions, had so far +opened my eyes and enlarged my understanding, that I began to view the +actions and passions of man in a very different light, and to think the +honour of my own kind not worth managing; which, besides, it was +impossible for me to do, before a person of so acute a judgment as my +master, who daily convinced me of a thousand faults in myself, whereof +I had not the least perception before, and which, with us, would never +be numbered even among human infirmities. I had likewise learned, from +his example, an utter detestation of all falsehood or disguise; and +truth appeared so amiable to me, that I determined upon sacrificing +every thing to it. + +Let me deal so candidly with the reader as to confess that there was +yet a much stronger motive for the freedom I took in my representation +of things. I had not yet been a year in this country before I +contracted such a love and veneration for the inhabitants, that I +entered on a firm resolution never to return to humankind, but to pass +the rest of my life among these admirable _Houyhnhnms_, in the +contemplation and practice of every virtue, where I could have no +example or incitement to vice. But it was decreed by fortune, my +perpetual enemy, that so great a felicity should not fall to my share. +However, it is now some comfort to reflect, that in what I said of my +countrymen, I extenuated their faults as much as I durst before so +strict an examiner; and upon every article gave as favourable a turn as +the matter would bear. For, indeed, who is there alive that will not be +swayed by his bias and partiality to the place of his birth? + +I have related the substance of several conversations I had with my +master during the greatest part of the time I had the honour to be in +his service; but have, indeed, for brevity sake, omitted much more than +is here set down. + +When I had answered all his questions, and his curiosity seemed to be +fully satisfied, he sent for me one morning early, and commanded me to +sit down at some distance (an honour which he had never before +conferred upon me). He said, “he had been very seriously considering my +whole story, as far as it related both to myself and my country; that +he looked upon us as a sort of animals, to whose share, by what +accident he could not conjecture, some small pittance of reason had +fallen, whereof we made no other use, than by its assistance, to +aggravate our natural corruptions, and to acquire new ones, which +nature had not given us; that we disarmed ourselves of the few +abilities she had bestowed; had been very successful in multiplying our +original wants, and seemed to spend our whole lives in vain endeavours +to supply them by our own inventions; that, as to myself, it was +manifest I had neither the strength nor agility of a common _Yahoo_; +that I walked infirmly on my hinder feet; had found out a contrivance +to make my claws of no use or defence, and to remove the hair from my +chin, which was intended as a shelter from the sun and the weather: +lastly, that I could neither run with speed, nor climb trees like my +brethren,” as he called them, “the _Yahoos_ in his country. + +“That our institutions of government and law were plainly owing to our +gross defects in reason, and by consequence in virtue; because reason +alone is sufficient to govern a rational creature; which was, +therefore, a character we had no pretence to challenge, even from the +account I had given of my own people; although he manifestly perceived, +that, in order to favour them, I had concealed many particulars, and +often said the thing which was not. + +“He was the more confirmed in this opinion, because, he observed, that +as I agreed in every feature of my body with other _Yahoos_, except +where it was to my real disadvantage in point of strength, speed, and +activity, the shortness of my claws, and some other particulars where +nature had no part; so from the representation I had given him of our +lives, our manners, and our actions, he found as near a resemblance in +the disposition of our minds.” He said, “the _Yahoos_ were known to +hate one another, more than they did any different species of animals; +and the reason usually assigned was, the odiousness of their own +shapes, which all could see in the rest, but not in themselves. He had +therefore begun to think it not unwise in us to cover our bodies, and +by that invention conceal many of our deformities from each other, +which would else be hardly supportable. But he now found he had been +mistaken, and that the dissensions of those brutes in his country were +owing to the same cause with ours, as I had described them. For if,” +said he, “you throw among five _Yahoos_ as much food as would be +sufficient for fifty, they will, instead of eating peaceably, fall +together by the ears, each single one impatient to have all to itself; +and therefore a servant was usually employed to stand by while they +were feeding abroad, and those kept at home were tied at a distance +from each other: that if a cow died of age or accident, before a +_Houyhnhnm_ could secure it for his own _Yahoos_, those in the +neighbourhood would come in herds to seize it, and then would ensue +such a battle as I had described, with terrible wounds made by their +claws on both sides, although they seldom were able to kill one +another, for want of such convenient instruments of death as we had +invented. At other times, the like battles have been fought between the +_Yahoos_ of several neighbourhoods, without any visible cause; those of +one district watching all opportunities to surprise the next, before +they are prepared. But if they find their project has miscarried, they +return home, and, for want of enemies, engage in what I call a civil +war among themselves. + +“That in some fields of his country there are certain shining stones of +several colours, whereof the _Yahoos_ are violently fond: and when part +of these stones is fixed in the earth, as it sometimes happens, they +will dig with their claws for whole days to get them out; then carry +them away, and hide them by heaps in their kennels; but still looking +round with great caution, for fear their comrades should find out their +treasure.” My master said, “he could never discover the reason of this +unnatural appetite, or how these stones could be of any use to a +_Yahoo_; but now he believed it might proceed from the same principle +of avarice which I had ascribed to mankind. That he had once, by way of +experiment, privately removed a heap of these stones from the place +where one of his _Yahoos_ had buried it; whereupon the sordid animal, +missing his treasure, by his loud lamenting brought the whole herd to +the place, there miserably howled, then fell to biting and tearing the +rest, began to pine away, would neither eat, nor sleep, nor work, till +he ordered a servant privately to convey the stones into the same hole, +and hide them as before; which, when his _Yahoo_ had found, he +presently recovered his spirits and good humour, but took good care to +remove them to a better hiding place, and has ever since been a very +serviceable brute.” + +My master further assured me, which I also observed myself, “that in +the fields where the shining stones abound, the fiercest and most +frequent battles are fought, occasioned by perpetual inroads of the +neighbouring _Yahoos_.” + +He said, “it was common, when two _Yahoos_ discovered such a stone in a +field, and were contending which of them should be the proprietor, a +third would take the advantage, and carry it away from them both;” +which my master would needs contend to have some kind of resemblance +with our suits at law; wherein I thought it for our credit not to +undeceive him; since the decision he mentioned was much more equitable +than many decrees among us; because the plaintiff and defendant there +lost nothing beside the stone they contended for: whereas our courts of +equity would never have dismissed the cause, while either of them had +any thing left. + +My master, continuing his discourse, said, “there was nothing that +rendered the _Yahoos_ more odious, than their undistinguishing appetite +to devour every thing that came in their way, whether herbs, roots, +berries, the corrupted flesh of animals, or all mingled together: and +it was peculiar in their temper, that they were fonder of what they +could get by rapine or stealth, at a greater distance, than much better +food provided for them at home. If their prey held out, they would eat +till they were ready to burst; after which, nature had pointed out to +them a certain root that gave them a general evacuation. + +“There was also another kind of root, very juicy, but somewhat rare and +difficult to be found, which the _Yahoos_ sought for with much +eagerness, and would suck it with great delight; it produced in them +the same effects that wine has upon us. It would make them sometimes +hug, and sometimes tear one another; they would howl, and grin, and +chatter, and reel, and tumble, and then fall asleep in the mud.” + +I did indeed observe that the _Yahoos_ were the only animals in this +country subject to any diseases; which, however, were much fewer than +horses have among us, and contracted, not by any ill-treatment they +meet with, but by the nastiness and greediness of that sordid brute. +Neither has their language any more than a general appellation for +those maladies, which is borrowed from the name of the beast, and +called _hnea-yahoo_, or _Yahoo’s evil_; and the cure prescribed is a +mixture of their own dung and urine, forcibly put down the _Yahoo’s_ +throat. This I have since often known to have been taken with success, +and do here freely recommend it to my countrymen for the public good, +as an admirable specific against all diseases produced by repletion. + +“As to learning, government, arts, manufactures, and the like,” my +master confessed, “he could find little or no resemblance between the +_Yahoos_ of that country and those in ours; for he only meant to +observe what parity there was in our natures. He had heard, indeed, +some curious _Houyhnhnms_ observe, that in most herds there was a sort +of ruling _Yahoo_ (as among us there is generally some leading or +principal stag in a park), who was always more deformed in body, and +mischievous in disposition, than any of the rest; that this leader had +usually a favourite as like himself as he could get, whose employment +was to lick his master’s feet and posteriors, and drive the female +_Yahoos_ to his kennel; for which he was now and then rewarded with a +piece of ass’s flesh. This favourite is hated by the whole herd, and +therefore, to protect himself, keeps always near the person of his +leader. He usually continues in office till a worse can be found; but +the very moment he is discarded, his successor, at the head of all the +_Yahoos_ in that district, young and old, male and female, come in a +body, and discharge their excrements upon him from head to foot. But +how far this might be applicable to our courts, and favourites, and +ministers of state, my master said I could best determine.” + +I durst make no return to this malicious insinuation, which debased +human understanding below the sagacity of a common hound, who has +judgment enough to distinguish and follow the cry of the ablest dog in +the pack, without being ever mistaken. + +My master told me, “there were some qualities remarkable in the +_Yahoos_, which he had not observed me to mention, or at least very +slightly, in the accounts I had given of humankind.” He said, “those +animals, like other brutes, had their females in common; but in this +they differed, that the she _Yahoo_ would admit the males while she was +pregnant; and that the hes would quarrel and fight with the females, as +fiercely as with each other; both which practices were such degrees of +infamous brutality, as no other sensitive creature ever arrived at. + +“Another thing he wondered at in the _Yahoos_, was their strange +disposition to nastiness and dirt; whereas there appears to be a +natural love of cleanliness in all other animals.” As to the two former +accusations, I was glad to let them pass without any reply, because I +had not a word to offer upon them in defence of my species, which +otherwise I certainly had done from my own inclinations. But I could +have easily vindicated humankind from the imputation of singularity +upon the last article, if there had been any swine in that country (as +unluckily for me there were not), which, although it may be a sweeter +quadruped than a _Yahoo_, cannot, I humbly conceive, in justice, +pretend to more cleanliness; and so his honour himself must have owned, +if he had seen their filthy way of feeding, and their custom of +wallowing and sleeping in the mud. + +My master likewise mentioned another quality which his servants had +discovered in several Yahoos, and to him was wholly unaccountable. He +said, “a fancy would sometimes take a _Yahoo_ to retire into a corner, +to lie down, and howl, and groan, and spurn away all that came near +him, although he were young and fat, wanted neither food nor water, nor +did the servant imagine what could possibly ail him. And the only +remedy they found was, to set him to hard work, after which he would +infallibly come to himself.” To this I was silent out of partiality to +my own kind; yet here I could plainly discover the true seeds of +spleen, which only seizes on the lazy, the luxurious, and the rich; +who, if they were forced to undergo the same regimen, I would undertake +for the cure. + +His honour had further observed, “that a female _Yahoo_ would often +stand behind a bank or a bush, to gaze on the young males passing by, +and then appear, and hide, using many antic gestures and grimaces, at +which time it was observed that she had a most offensive smell; and +when any of the males advanced, would slowly retire, looking often +back, and with a counterfeit show of fear, run off into some convenient +place, where she knew the male would follow her. + +“At other times, if a female stranger came among them, three or four of +her own sex would get about her, and stare, and chatter, and grin, and +smell her all over; and then turn off with gestures, that seemed to +express contempt and disdain.” + +Perhaps my master might refine a little in these speculations, which he +had drawn from what he observed himself, or had been told him by +others; however, I could not reflect without some amazement, and much +sorrow, that the rudiments of lewdness, coquetry, censure, and scandal, +should have place by instinct in womankind. + +I expected every moment that my master would accuse the _Yahoos_ of +those unnatural appetites in both sexes, so common among us. But +nature, it seems, has not been so expert a school-mistress; and these +politer pleasures are entirely the productions of art and reason on our +side of the globe. + + +CHAPTER VIII. + +The author relates several particulars of the _Yahoos_. The great +virtues of the _Houyhnhnms_. The education and exercise of their youth. +Their general assembly. + + +As I ought to have understood human nature much better than I supposed +it possible for my master to do, so it was easy to apply the character +he gave of the _Yahoos_ to myself and my countrymen; and I believed I +could yet make further discoveries, from my own observation. I +therefore often begged his honour to let me go among the herds of +_Yahoos_ in the neighbourhood; to which he always very graciously +consented, being perfectly convinced that the hatred I bore these +brutes would never suffer me to be corrupted by them; and his honour +ordered one of his servants, a strong sorrel nag, very honest and +good-natured, to be my guard; without whose protection I durst not +undertake such adventures. For I have already told the reader how much +I was pestered by these odious animals, upon my first arrival; and I +afterwards failed very narrowly, three or four times, of falling into +their clutches, when I happened to stray at any distance without my +hanger. And I have reason to believe they had some imagination that I +was of their own species, which I often assisted myself by stripping up +my sleeves, and showing my naked arms and breast in their sight, when +my protector was with me. At which times they would approach as near as +they durst, and imitate my actions after the manner of monkeys, but +ever with great signs of hatred; as a tame jackdaw with cap and +stockings is always persecuted by the wild ones, when he happens to be +got among them. + +They are prodigiously nimble from their infancy. However, I once caught +a young male of three years old, and endeavoured, by all marks of +tenderness, to make it quiet; but the little imp fell a squalling and +scratching and biting with such violence, that I was forced to let it +go; and it was high time, for a whole troop of old ones came about us +at the noise, but finding the cub was safe (for away it ran), and my +sorrel nag being by, they durst not venture near us. I observed the +young animal’s flesh to smell very rank, and the stink was somewhat +between a weasel and a fox, but much more disagreeable. I forgot +another circumstance (and perhaps I might have the reader’s pardon if +it were wholly omitted), that while I held the odious vermin in my +hands, it voided its filthy excrements of a yellow liquid substance all +over my clothes; but by good fortune there was a small brook hard by, +where I washed myself as clean as I could; although I durst not come +into my master’s presence until I were sufficiently aired. + +By what I could discover, the _Yahoos_ appear to be the most +unteachable of all animals, their capacity never reaching higher than +to draw or carry burdens. Yet I am of opinion this defect arises +chiefly from a perverse, restive disposition; for they are cunning, +malicious, treacherous, and revengeful. They are strong and hardy, but +of a cowardly spirit, and, by consequence, insolent, abject, and cruel. +It is observed, that the red haired of both sexes are more libidinous +and mischievous than the rest, whom yet they much exceed in strength +and activity. + +The _Houyhnhnms_ keep the _Yahoos_ for present use in huts not far from +the house; but the rest are sent abroad to certain fields, where they +dig up roots, eat several kinds of herbs, and search about for carrion, +or sometimes catch weasels and _luhimuhs_ (a sort of wild rat), which +they greedily devour. Nature has taught them to dig deep holes with +their nails on the side of a rising ground, wherein they lie by +themselves; only the kennels of the females are larger, sufficient to +hold two or three cubs. + +They swim from their infancy like frogs, and are able to continue long +under water, where they often take fish, which the females carry home +to their young. And, upon this occasion, I hope the reader will pardon +my relating an odd adventure. + +Being one day abroad with my protector the sorrel nag, and the weather +exceeding hot, I entreated him to let me bathe in a river that was +near. He consented, and I immediately stripped myself stark naked, and +went down softly into the stream. It happened that a young female +_Yahoo_, standing behind a bank, saw the whole proceeding, and inflamed +by desire, as the nag and I conjectured, came running with all speed, +and leaped into the water, within five yards of the place where I +bathed. I was never in my life so terribly frightened. The nag was +grazing at some distance, not suspecting any harm. She embraced me +after a most fulsome manner. I roared as loud as I could, and the nag +came galloping towards me, whereupon she quitted her grasp, with the +utmost reluctancy, and leaped upon the opposite bank, where she stood +gazing and howling all the time I was putting on my clothes. + +This was a matter of diversion to my master and his family, as well as +of mortification to myself. For now I could no longer deny that I was a +real _Yahoo_ in every limb and feature, since the females had a natural +propensity to me, as one of their own species. Neither was the hair of +this brute of a red colour (which might have been some excuse for an +appetite a little irregular), but black as a sloe, and her countenance +did not make an appearance altogether so hideous as the rest of her +kind; for I think she could not be above eleven years old. + +Having lived three years in this country, the reader, I suppose, will +expect that I should, like other travellers, give him some account of +the manners and customs of its inhabitants, which it was indeed my +principal study to learn. + +As these noble _Houyhnhnms_ are endowed by nature with a general +disposition to all virtues, and have no conceptions or ideas of what is +evil in a rational creature, so their grand maxim is, to cultivate +reason, and to be wholly governed by it. Neither is reason among them a +point problematical, as with us, where men can argue with plausibility +on both sides of the question, but strikes you with immediate +conviction; as it must needs do, where it is not mingled, obscured, or +discoloured, by passion and interest. I remember it was with extreme +difficulty that I could bring my master to understand the meaning of +the word opinion, or how a point could be disputable; because reason +taught us to affirm or deny only where we are certain; and beyond our +knowledge we cannot do either. So that controversies, wranglings, +disputes, and positiveness, in false or dubious propositions, are evils +unknown among the _Houyhnhnms_. In the like manner, when I used to +explain to him our several systems of natural philosophy, he would +laugh, “that a creature pretending to reason, should value itself upon +the knowledge of other people’s conjectures, and in things where that +knowledge, if it were certain, could be of no use.” Wherein he agreed +entirely with the sentiments of Socrates, as Plato delivers them; which +I mention as the highest honour I can do that prince of philosophers. I +have often since reflected, what destruction such doctrine would make +in the libraries of Europe; and how many paths of fame would be then +shut up in the learned world. + +Friendship and benevolence are the two principal virtues among the +_Houyhnhnms_; and these not confined to particular objects, but +universal to the whole race; for a stranger from the remotest part is +equally treated with the nearest neighbour, and wherever he goes, looks +upon himself as at home. They preserve decency and civility in the +highest degrees, but are altogether ignorant of ceremony. They have no +fondness for their colts or foals, but the care they take in educating +them proceeds entirely from the dictates of reason. And I observed my +master to show the same affection to his neighbour’s issue, that he had +for his own. They will have it that nature teaches them to love the +whole species, and it is reason only that makes a distinction of +persons, where there is a superior degree of virtue. + +When the matron _Houyhnhnms_ have produced one of each sex, they no +longer accompany with their consorts, except they lose one of their +issue by some casualty, which very seldom happens; but in such a case +they meet again; or when the like accident befalls a person whose wife +is past bearing, some other couple bestow on him one of their own +colts, and then go together again until the mother is pregnant. This +caution is necessary, to prevent the country from being overburdened +with numbers. But the race of inferior _Houyhnhnms_, bred up to be +servants, is not so strictly limited upon this article: these are +allowed to produce three of each sex, to be domestics in the noble +families. + +In their marriages, they are exactly careful to choose such colours as +will not make any disagreeable mixture in the breed. Strength is +chiefly valued in the male, and comeliness in the female; not upon the +account of love, but to preserve the race from degenerating; for where +a female happens to excel in strength, a consort is chosen, with regard +to comeliness. + +Courtship, love, presents, jointures, settlements have no place in +their thoughts, or terms whereby to express them in their language. The +young couple meet, and are joined, merely because it is the +determination of their parents and friends; it is what they see done +every day, and they look upon it as one of the necessary actions of a +reasonable being. But the violation of marriage, or any other +unchastity, was never heard of; and the married pair pass their lives +with the same friendship and mutual benevolence, that they bear to all +others of the same species who come in their way, without jealousy, +fondness, quarrelling, or discontent. + +In educating the youth of both sexes, their method is admirable, and +highly deserves our imitation. These are not suffered to taste a grain +of oats, except upon certain days, till eighteen years old; nor milk, +but very rarely; and in summer they graze two hours in the morning, and +as many in the evening, which their parents likewise observe; but the +servants are not allowed above half that time, and a great part of +their grass is brought home, which they eat at the most convenient +hours, when they can be best spared from work. + +Temperance, industry, exercise, and cleanliness, are the lessons +equally enjoined to the young ones of both sexes: and my master thought +it monstrous in us, to give the females a different kind of education +from the males, except in some articles of domestic management; +whereby, as he truly observed, one half of our natives were good for +nothing but bringing children into the world; and to trust the care of +our children to such useless animals, he said, was yet a greater +instance of brutality. + +But the _Houyhnhnms_ train up their youth to strength, speed, and +hardiness, by exercising them in running races up and down steep hills, +and over hard stony grounds; and when they are all in a sweat, they are +ordered to leap over head and ears into a pond or river. Four times a +year the youth of a certain district meet to show their proficiency in +running and leaping, and other feats of strength and agility; where the +victor is rewarded with a song in his or her praise. On this festival, +the servants drive a herd of _Yahoos_ into the field, laden with hay, +and oats, and milk, for a repast to the _Houyhnhnms_; after which, +these brutes are immediately driven back again, for fear of being +noisome to the assembly. + +Every fourth year, at the vernal equinox, there is a representative +council of the whole nation, which meets in a plain about twenty miles +from our house, and continues about five or six days. Here they inquire +into the state and condition of the several districts; whether they +abound or be deficient in hay or oats, or cows, or _Yahoos_; and +wherever there is any want (which is but seldom) it is immediately +supplied by unanimous consent and contribution. Here likewise the +regulation of children is settled: as for instance, if a _Houyhnhnm_ +has two males, he changes one of them with another that has two +females; and when a child has been lost by any casualty, where the +mother is past breeding, it is determined what family in the district +shall breed another to supply the loss. + + +CHAPTER IX. + +A grand debate at the general assembly of the _Houyhnhnms_, and how it +was determined. The learning of the _Houyhnhnms_. Their buildings. +Their manner of burials. The defectiveness of their language. + + +One of these grand assemblies was held in my time, about three months +before my departure, whither my master went as the representative of +our district. In this council was resumed their old debate, and indeed +the only debate that ever happened in their country; whereof my master, +after his return, gave me a very particular account. + +The question to be debated was, “whether the _Yahoos_ should be +exterminated from the face of the earth?” One of the members for the +affirmative offered several arguments of great strength and weight, +alleging, “that as the _Yahoos_ were the most filthy, noisome, and +deformed animals which nature ever produced, so they were the most +restive and indocible, mischievous and malicious; they would privately +suck the teats of the _Houyhnhnms’_ cows, kill and devour their cats, +trample down their oats and grass, if they were not continually +watched, and commit a thousand other extravagancies.” He took notice of +a general tradition, “that _Yahoos_ had not been always in their +country; but that many ages ago, two of these brutes appeared together +upon a mountain; whether produced by the heat of the sun upon corrupted +mud and slime, or from the ooze and froth of the sea, was never known; +that these _Yahoos_ engendered, and their brood, in a short time, grew +so numerous as to overrun and infest the whole nation; that the +_Houyhnhnms_, to get rid of this evil, made a general hunting, and at +last enclosed the whole herd; and destroying the elder, every +_Houyhnhnm_ kept two young ones in a kennel, and brought them to such a +degree of tameness, as an animal, so savage by nature, can be capable +of acquiring, using them for draught and carriage; that there seemed to +be much truth in this tradition, and that those creatures could not be +_yinhniamshy_ (or _aborigines_ of the land), because of the violent +hatred the _Houyhnhnms_, as well as all other animals, bore them, +which, although their evil disposition sufficiently deserved, could +never have arrived at so high a degree if they had been _aborigines_, +or else they would have long since been rooted out; that the +inhabitants, taking a fancy to use the service of the _Yahoos_, had, +very imprudently, neglected to cultivate the breed of asses, which are +a comely animal, easily kept, more tame and orderly, without any +offensive smell, strong enough for labour, although they yield to the +other in agility of body, and if their braying be no agreeable sound, +it is far preferable to the horrible howlings of the _Yahoos_.” + +Several others declared their sentiments to the same purpose, when my +master proposed an expedient to the assembly, whereof he had indeed +borrowed the hint from me. “He approved of the tradition mentioned by +the honourable member who spoke before, and affirmed, that the two +_Yahoos_ said to be seen first among them, had been driven thither over +the sea; that coming to land, and being forsaken by their companions, +they retired to the mountains, and degenerating by degrees, became in +process of time much more savage than those of their own species in the +country whence these two originals came. The reason of this assertion +was, that he had now in his possession a certain wonderful _Yahoo_ +(meaning myself) which most of them had heard of, and many of them had +seen. He then related to them how he first found me; that my body was +all covered with an artificial composure of the skins and hairs of +other animals; that I spoke in a language of my own, and had thoroughly +learned theirs; that I had related to him the accidents which brought +me thither; that when he saw me without my covering, I was an exact +_Yahoo_ in every part, only of a whiter colour, less hairy, and with +shorter claws. He added, how I had endeavoured to persuade him, that in +my own and other countries, the _Yahoos_ acted as the governing, +rational animal, and held the _Houyhnhnms_ in servitude; that he +observed in me all the qualities of a _Yahoo_, only a little more +civilized by some tincture of reason, which, however, was in a degree +as far inferior to the _Houyhnhnm_ race, as the _Yahoos_ of their +country were to me; that, among other things, I mentioned a custom we +had of castrating _Houyhnhnms_ when they were young, in order to render +them tame; that the operation was easy and safe; that it was no shame +to learn wisdom from brutes, as industry is taught by the ant, and +building by the swallow (for so I translate the word _lyhannh_, +although it be a much larger fowl); that this invention might be +practised upon the younger _Yahoos_ here, which besides rendering them +tractable and fitter for use, would in an age put an end to the whole +species, without destroying life; that in the mean time the +_Houyhnhnms_ should be exhorted to cultivate the breed of asses, which, +as they are in all respects more valuable brutes, so they have this +advantage, to be fit for service at five years old, which the others +are not till twelve.” + +This was all my master thought fit to tell me, at that time, of what +passed in the grand council. But he was pleased to conceal one +particular, which related personally to myself, whereof I soon felt the +unhappy effect, as the reader will know in its proper place, and whence +I date all the succeeding misfortunes of my life. + +The _Houyhnhnms_ have no letters, and consequently their knowledge is +all traditional. But there happening few events of any moment among a +people so well united, naturally disposed to every virtue, wholly +governed by reason, and cut off from all commerce with other nations, +the historical part is easily preserved without burdening their +memories. I have already observed that they are subject to no diseases, +and therefore can have no need of physicians. However, they have +excellent medicines, composed of herbs, to cure accidental bruises and +cuts in the pastern or frog of the foot, by sharp stones, as well as +other maims and hurts in the several parts of the body. + +They calculate the year by the revolution of the sun and moon, but use +no subdivisions into weeks. They are well enough acquainted with the +motions of those two luminaries, and understand the nature of eclipses; +and this is the utmost progress of their astronomy. + +In poetry, they must be allowed to excel all other mortals; wherein the +justness of their similes, and the minuteness as well as exactness of +their descriptions, are indeed inimitable. Their verses abound very +much in both of these, and usually contain either some exalted notions +of friendship and benevolence or the praises of those who were victors +in races and other bodily exercises. Their buildings, although very +rude and simple, are not inconvenient, but well contrived to defend +them from all injuries of cold and heat. They have a kind of tree, +which at forty years old loosens in the root, and falls with the first +storm: it grows very straight, and being pointed like stakes with a +sharp stone (for the _Houyhnhnms_ know not the use of iron), they stick +them erect in the ground, about ten inches asunder, and then weave in +oat straw, or sometimes wattles, between them. The roof is made after +the same manner, and so are the doors. + +The _Houyhnhnms_ use the hollow part, between the pastern and the hoof +of their fore-foot, as we do our hands, and this with greater dexterity +than I could at first imagine. I have seen a white mare of our family +thread a needle (which I lent her on purpose) with that joint. They +milk their cows, reap their oats, and do all the work which requires +hands, in the same manner. They have a kind of hard flints, which, by +grinding against other stones, they form into instruments, that serve +instead of wedges, axes, and hammers. With tools made of these flints, +they likewise cut their hay, and reap their oats, which there grow +naturally in several fields; the _Yahoos_ draw home the sheaves in +carriages, and the servants tread them in certain covered huts to get +out the grain, which is kept in stores. They make a rude kind of +earthen and wooden vessels, and bake the former in the sun. + +If they can avoid casualties, they die only of old age, and are buried +in the obscurest places that can be found, their friends and relations +expressing neither joy nor grief at their departure; nor does the dying +person discover the least regret that he is leaving the world, any more +than if he were upon returning home from a visit to one of his +neighbours. I remember my master having once made an appointment with a +friend and his family to come to his house, upon some affair of +importance: on the day fixed, the mistress and her two children came +very late; she made two excuses, first for her husband, who, as she +said, happened that very morning to _shnuwnh_. The word is strongly +expressive in their language, but not easily rendered into English; it +signifies, “to retire to his first mother.” Her excuse for not coming +sooner, was, that her husband dying late in the morning, she was a good +while consulting her servants about a convenient place where his body +should be laid; and I observed, she behaved herself at our house as +cheerfully as the rest. She died about three months after. + +They live generally to seventy, or seventy-five years, very seldom to +fourscore. Some weeks before their death, they feel a gradual decay; +but without pain. During this time they are much visited by their +friends, because they cannot go abroad with their usual ease and +satisfaction. However, about ten days before their death, which they +seldom fail in computing, they return the visits that have been made +them by those who are nearest in the neighbourhood, being carried in a +convenient sledge drawn by _Yahoos_; which vehicle they use, not only +upon this occasion, but when they grow old, upon long journeys, or when +they are lamed by any accident: and therefore when the dying +_Houyhnhnms_ return those visits, they take a solemn leave of their +friends, as if they were going to some remote part of the country, +where they designed to pass the rest of their lives. + +I know not whether it may be worth observing, that the _Houyhnhnms_ +have no word in their language to express any thing that is evil, +except what they borrow from the deformities or ill qualities of the +_Yahoos_. Thus they denote the folly of a servant, an omission of a +child, a stone that cuts their feet, a continuance of foul or +unseasonable weather, and the like, by adding to each the epithet of +_Yahoo_. For instance, _hhnm Yahoo_; _whnaholm Yahoo_, _ynlhmndwihlma +Yahoo_, and an ill-contrived house _ynholmhnmrohlnw Yahoo_. + +I could, with great pleasure, enlarge further upon the manners and +virtues of this excellent people; but intending in a short time to +publish a volume by itself, expressly upon that subject, I refer the +reader thither; and, in the mean time, proceed to relate my own sad +catastrophe. + + +CHAPTER X. + +The author’s economy, and happy life among the Houyhnhnms. His great +improvement in virtue by conversing with them. Their conversations. The +author has notice given him by his master, that he must depart from the +country. He falls into a swoon for grief; but submits. He contrives and +finishes a canoe by the help of a fellow-servant, and puts to sea at a +venture. + + +I had settled my little economy to my own heart’s content. My master +had ordered a room to be made for me, after their manner, about six +yards from the house: the sides and floors of which I plastered with +clay, and covered with rush-mats of my own contriving. I had beaten +hemp, which there grows wild, and made of it a sort of ticking; this I +filled with the feathers of several birds I had taken with springes +made of _Yahoos’_ hairs, and were excellent food. I had worked two +chairs with my knife, the sorrel nag helping me in the grosser and more +laborious part. When my clothes were worn to rags, I made myself others +with the skins of rabbits, and of a certain beautiful animal, about the +same size, called _nnuhnoh_, the skin of which is covered with a fine +down. Of these I also made very tolerable stockings. I soled my shoes +with wood, which I cut from a tree, and fitted to the upper-leather; +and when this was worn out, I supplied it with the skins of _Yahoos_ +dried in the sun. I often got honey out of hollow trees, which I +mingled with water, or ate with my bread. No man could more verify the +truth of these two maxims, “That nature is very easily satisfied;” and, +“That necessity is the mother of invention.” I enjoyed perfect health +of body, and tranquillity of mind; I did not feel the treachery or +inconstancy of a friend, nor the injuries of a secret or open enemy. I +had no occasion of bribing, flattering, or pimping, to procure the +favour of any great man, or of his minion; I wanted no fence against +fraud or oppression: here was neither physician to destroy my body, nor +lawyer to ruin my fortune; no informer to watch my words and actions, +or forge accusations against me for hire: here were no gibers, +censurers, backbiters, pickpockets, highwaymen, housebreakers, +attorneys, bawds, buffoons, gamesters, politicians, wits, splenetics, +tedious talkers, controvertists, ravishers, murderers, robbers, +virtuosos; no leaders, or followers, of party and faction; no +encouragers to vice, by seducement or examples; no dungeon, axes, +gibbets, whipping-posts, or pillories; no cheating shopkeepers or +mechanics; no pride, vanity, or affectation; no fops, bullies, +drunkards, strolling whores, or poxes; no ranting, lewd, expensive +wives; no stupid, proud pedants; no importunate, overbearing, +quarrelsome, noisy, roaring, empty, conceited, swearing companions; no +scoundrels raised from the dust upon the merit of their vices, or +nobility thrown into it on account of their virtues; no lords, +fiddlers, judges, or dancing-masters. + +I had the favour of being admitted to several _Houyhnhnms_, who came to +visit or dine with my master; where his honour graciously suffered me +to wait in the room, and listen to their discourse. Both he and his +company would often descend to ask me questions, and receive my +answers. I had also sometimes the honour of attending my master in his +visits to others. I never presumed to speak, except in answer to a +question; and then I did it with inward regret, because it was a loss +of so much time for improving myself; but I was infinitely delighted +with the station of an humble auditor in such conversations, where +nothing passed but what was useful, expressed in the fewest and most +significant words; where, as I have already said, the greatest decency +was observed, without the least degree of ceremony; where no person +spoke without being pleased himself, and pleasing his companions; where +there was no interruption, tediousness, heat, or difference of +sentiments. They have a notion, that when people are met together, a +short silence does much improve conversation: this I found to be true; +for during those little intermissions of talk, new ideas would arise in +their minds, which very much enlivened the discourse. Their subjects +are, generally on friendship and benevolence, on order and economy; +sometimes upon the visible operations of nature, or ancient traditions; +upon the bounds and limits of virtue; upon the unerring rules of +reason, or upon some determinations to be taken at the next great +assembly: and often upon the various excellences of poetry. I may add, +without vanity, that my presence often gave them sufficient matter for +discourse, because it afforded my master an occasion of letting his +friends into the history of me and my country, upon which they were all +pleased to descant, in a manner not very advantageous to humankind: and +for that reason I shall not repeat what they said; only I may be +allowed to observe, that his honour, to my great admiration, appeared +to understand the nature of _Yahoos_ much better than myself. He went +through all our vices and follies, and discovered many, which I had +never mentioned to him, by only supposing what qualities a _Yahoo_ of +their country, with a small proportion of reason, might be capable of +exerting; and concluded, with too much probability, “how vile, as well +as miserable, such a creature must be.” + +I freely confess, that all the little knowledge I have of any value, +was acquired by the lectures I received from my master, and from +hearing the discourses of him and his friends; to which I should be +prouder to listen, than to dictate to the greatest and wisest assembly +in Europe. I admired the strength, comeliness, and speed of the +inhabitants; and such a constellation of virtues, in such amiable +persons, produced in me the highest veneration. At first, indeed, I did +not feel that natural awe, which the _Yahoos_ and all other animals +bear toward them; but it grew upon me by degrees, much sooner than I +imagined, and was mingled with a respectful love and gratitude, that +they would condescend to distinguish me from the rest of my species. + +When I thought of my family, my friends, my countrymen, or the human +race in general, I considered them, as they really were, _Yahoos_ in +shape and disposition, perhaps a little more civilized, and qualified +with the gift of speech; but making no other use of reason, than to +improve and multiply those vices whereof their brethren in this country +had only the share that nature allotted them. When I happened to behold +the reflection of my own form in a lake or fountain, I turned away my +face in horror and detestation of myself, and could better endure the +sight of a common _Yahoo_ than of my own person. By conversing with the +_Houyhnhnms_, and looking upon them with delight, I fell to imitate +their gait and gesture, which is now grown into a habit; and my friends +often tell me, in a blunt way, “that I trot like a horse;” which, +however, I take for a great compliment. Neither shall I disown, that in +speaking I am apt to fall into the voice and manner of the +_Houyhnhnms_, and hear myself ridiculed on that account, without the +least mortification. + +In the midst of all this happiness, and when I looked upon myself to be +fully settled for life, my master sent for me one morning a little +earlier than his usual hour. I observed by his countenance that he was +in some perplexity, and at a loss how to begin what he had to speak. +After a short silence, he told me, “he did not know how I would take +what he was going to say: that in the last general assembly, when the +affair of the _Yahoos_ was entered upon, the representatives had taken +offence at his keeping a _Yahoo_ (meaning myself) in his family, more +like a _Houyhnhnm_ than a brute animal; that he was known frequently to +converse with me, as if he could receive some advantage or pleasure in +my company; that such a practice was not agreeable to reason or nature, +or a thing ever heard of before among them; the assembly did therefore +exhort him either to employ me like the rest of my species, or command +me to swim back to the place whence I came: that the first of these +expedients was utterly rejected by all the _Houyhnhnms_ who had ever +seen me at his house or their own; for they alleged, that because I had +some rudiments of reason, added to the natural pravity of those +animals, it was to be feared I might be able to seduce them into the +woody and mountainous parts of the country, and bring them in troops by +night to destroy the _Houyhnhnms’_ cattle, as being naturally of the +ravenous kind, and averse from labour.” + +My master added, “that he was daily pressed by the _Houyhnhnms_ of the +neighbourhood to have the assembly’s exhortation executed, which he +could not put off much longer. He doubted it would be impossible for me +to swim to another country; and therefore wished I would contrive some +sort of vehicle, resembling those I had described to him, that might +carry me on the sea; in which work I should have the assistance of his +own servants, as well as those of his neighbours.” He concluded, “that +for his own part, he could have been content to keep me in his service +as long as I lived; because he found I had cured myself of some bad +habits and dispositions, by endeavouring, as far as my inferior nature +was capable, to imitate the _Houyhnhnms_.” + +I should here observe to the reader, that a decree of the general +assembly in this country is expressed by the word _hnhloayn_, which +signifies an exhortation, as near as I can render it; for they have no +conception how a rational creature can be compelled, but only advised, +or exhorted; because no person can disobey reason, without giving up +his claim to be a rational creature. + +I was struck with the utmost grief and despair at my master’s +discourse; and being unable to support the agonies I was under, I fell +into a swoon at his feet. When I came to myself, he told me “that he +concluded I had been dead;” for these people are subject to no such +imbecilities of nature. I answered in a faint voice, “that death would +have been too great a happiness; that although I could not blame the +assembly’s exhortation, or the urgency of his friends; yet, in my weak +and corrupt judgment, I thought it might consist with reason to have +been less rigorous; that I could not swim a league, and probably the +nearest land to theirs might be distant above a hundred: that many +materials, necessary for making a small vessel to carry me off, were +wholly wanting in this country; which, however, I would attempt, in +obedience and gratitude to his honour, although I concluded the thing +to be impossible, and therefore looked on myself as already devoted to +destruction; that the certain prospect of an unnatural death was the +least of my evils; for, supposing I should escape with life by some +strange adventure, how could I think with temper of passing my days +among _Yahoos_, and relapsing into my old corruptions, for want of +examples to lead and keep me within the paths of virtue? That I knew +too well upon what solid reasons all the determinations of the wise +_Houyhnhnms_ were founded, not to be shaken by arguments of mine, a +miserable _Yahoo_; and therefore, after presenting him with my humble +thanks for the offer of his servants’ assistance in making a vessel, +and desiring a reasonable time for so difficult a work, I told him I +would endeavour to preserve a wretched being; and if ever I returned to +England, was not without hopes of being useful to my own species, by +celebrating the praises of the renowned _Houyhnhnms_, and proposing +their virtues to the imitation of mankind.” + +My master, in a few words, made me a very gracious reply; allowed me +the space of two months to finish my boat; and ordered the sorrel nag, +my fellow-servant (for so, at this distance, I may presume to call +him), to follow my instruction; because I told my master, “that his +help would be sufficient, and I knew he had a tenderness for me.” + +In his company, my first business was to go to that part of the coast +where my rebellious crew had ordered me to be set on shore. I got upon +a height, and looking on every side into the sea; fancied I saw a small +island toward the north-east. I took out my pocket glass, and could +then clearly distinguish it above five leagues off, as I computed; but +it appeared to the sorrel nag to be only a blue cloud: for as he had no +conception of any country beside his own, so he could not be as expert +in distinguishing remote objects at sea, as we who so much converse in +that element. + +After I had discovered this island, I considered no further; but +resolved it should, if possible, be the first place of my banishment, +leaving the consequence to fortune. + +I returned home, and consulting with the sorrel nag, we went into a +copse at some distance, where I with my knife, and he with a sharp +flint, fastened very artificially after their manner, to a wooden +handle, cut down several oak wattles, about the thickness of a +walking-staff, and some larger pieces. But I shall not trouble the +reader with a particular description of my own mechanics; let it +suffice to say, that in six weeks time with the help of the sorrel nag, +who performed the parts that required most labour, I finished a sort of +Indian canoe, but much larger, covering it with the skins of _Yahoos_, +well stitched together with hempen threads of my own making. My sail +was likewise composed of the skins of the same animal; but I made use +of the youngest I could get, the older being too tough and thick; and I +likewise provided myself with four paddles. I laid in a stock of boiled +flesh, of rabbits and fowls, and took with me two vessels, one filled +with milk and the other with water. + +I tried my canoe in a large pond, near my master’s house, and then +corrected in it what was amiss; stopping all the chinks with _Yahoos’_ +tallow, till I found it staunch, and able to bear me and my freight; +and, when it was as complete as I could possibly make it, I had it +drawn on a carriage very gently by _Yahoos_ to the sea-side, under the +conduct of the sorrel nag and another servant. + +When all was ready, and the day came for my departure, I took leave of +my master and lady and the whole family, my eyes flowing with tears, +and my heart quite sunk with grief. But his honour, out of curiosity, +and, perhaps, (if I may speak without vanity,) partly out of kindness, +was determined to see me in my canoe, and got several of his +neighbouring friends to accompany him. I was forced to wait above an +hour for the tide; and then observing the wind very fortunately bearing +toward the island to which I intended to steer my course, I took a +second leave of my master; but as I was going to prostrate myself to +kiss his hoof, he did me the honour to raise it gently to my mouth. I +am not ignorant how much I have been censured for mentioning this last +particular. Detractors are pleased to think it improbable, that so +illustrious a person should descend to give so great a mark of +distinction to a creature so inferior as I. Neither have I forgotten +how apt some travellers are to boast of extraordinary favours they have +received. But, if these censurers were better acquainted with the noble +and courteous disposition of the _Houyhnhnms_, they would soon change +their opinion. + +I paid my respects to the rest of the _Houyhnhnms_ in his honour’s +company; then getting into my canoe, I pushed off from shore. + + +CHAPTER XI. + +The author’s dangerous voyage. He arrives at New Holland, hoping to +settle there. Is wounded with an arrow by one of the natives. Is seized +and carried by force into a Portuguese ship. The great civilities of +the captain. The author arrives at England. + + +I began this desperate voyage on February 15, 1714–15, at nine o’clock +in the morning. The wind was very favourable; however, I made use at +first only of my paddles; but considering I should soon be weary, and +that the wind might chop about, I ventured to set up my little sail; +and thus, with the help of the tide, I went at the rate of a league and +a half an hour, as near as I could guess. My master and his friends +continued on the shore till I was almost out of sight; and I often +heard the sorrel nag (who always loved me) crying out, “_Hnuy illa +nyha_, _majah Yahoo_;” “Take care of thyself, gentle _Yahoo_.” + +My design was, if possible, to discover some small island uninhabited, +yet sufficient, by my labour, to furnish me with the necessaries of +life, which I would have thought a greater happiness, than to be first +minister in the politest court of Europe; so horrible was the idea I +conceived of returning to live in the society, and under the government +of _Yahoos_. For in such a solitude as I desired, I could at least +enjoy my own thoughts, and reflect with delight on the virtues of those +inimitable _Houyhnhnms_, without an opportunity of degenerating into +the vices and corruptions of my own species. + +The reader may remember what I related, when my crew conspired against +me, and confined me to my cabin; how I continued there several weeks +without knowing what course we took; and when I was put ashore in the +long-boat, how the sailors told me, with oaths, whether true or false, +“that they knew not in what part of the world we were.” However, I did +then believe us to be about 10 degrees southward of the Cape of Good +Hope, or about 45 degrees southern latitude, as I gathered from some +general words I overheard among them, being I supposed to the +south-east in their intended voyage to Madagascar. And although this +were little better than conjecture, yet I resolved to steer my course +eastward, hoping to reach the south-west coast of New Holland, and +perhaps some such island as I desired lying westward of it. The wind +was full west, and by six in the evening I computed I had gone eastward +at least eighteen leagues; when I spied a very small island about half +a league off, which I soon reached. It was nothing but a rock, with one +creek naturally arched by the force of tempests. Here I put in my +canoe, and climbing a part of the rock, I could plainly discover land +to the east, extending from south to north. I lay all night in my +canoe; and repeating my voyage early in the morning, I arrived in seven +hours to the south-east point of New Holland. This confirmed me in the +opinion I have long entertained, that the maps and charts place this +country at least three degrees more to the east than it really is; +which thought I communicated many years ago to my worthy friend, Mr. +Herman Moll, and gave him my reasons for it, although he has rather +chosen to follow other authors. + +I saw no inhabitants in the place where I landed, and being unarmed, I +was afraid of venturing far into the country. I found some shellfish on +the shore, and ate them raw, not daring to kindle a fire, for fear of +being discovered by the natives. I continued three days feeding on +oysters and limpets, to save my own provisions; and I fortunately found +a brook of excellent water, which gave me great relief. + +On the fourth day, venturing out early a little too far, I saw twenty +or thirty natives upon a height not above five hundred yards from me. +They were stark naked, men, women, and children, round a fire, as I +could discover by the smoke. One of them spied me, and gave notice to +the rest; five of them advanced toward me, leaving the women and +children at the fire. I made what haste I could to the shore, and, +getting into my canoe, shoved off: the savages, observing me retreat, +ran after me; and before I could get far enough into the sea, +discharged an arrow which wounded me deeply on the inside of my left +knee: I shall carry the mark to my grave. I apprehended the arrow might +be poisoned, and paddling out of the reach of their darts (being a calm +day), I made a shift to suck the wound, and dress it as well as I +could. + +I was at a loss what to do, for I durst not return to the same +landing-place, but stood to the north, and was forced to paddle, for +the wind, though very gentle, was against me, blowing north-west. As I +was looking about for a secure landing-place, I saw a sail to the +north-north-east, which appearing every minute more visible, I was in +some doubt whether I should wait for them or not; but at last my +detestation of the _Yahoo_ race prevailed: and turning my canoe, I +sailed and paddled together to the south, and got into the same creek +whence I set out in the morning, choosing rather to trust myself among +these barbarians, than live with European _Yahoos_. I drew up my canoe +as close as I could to the shore, and hid myself behind a stone by the +little brook, which, as I have already said, was excellent water. + +The ship came within half a league of this creek, and sent her +long-boat with vessels to take in fresh water (for the place, it seems, +was very well known); but I did not observe it, till the boat was +almost on shore; and it was too late to seek another hiding-place. The +seamen at their landing observed my canoe, and rummaging it all over, +easily conjectured that the owner could not be far off. Four of them, +well armed, searched every cranny and lurking-hole, till at last they +found me flat on my face behind the stone. They gazed awhile in +admiration at my strange uncouth dress; my coat made of skins, my +wooden-soled shoes, and my furred stockings; whence, however, they +concluded, I was not a native of the place, who all go naked. One of +the seamen, in Portuguese, bid me rise, and asked who I was. I +understood that language very well, and getting upon my feet, said, “I +was a poor _Yahoo_ banished from the _Houyhnhnms_, and desired they +would please to let me depart.” They admired to hear me answer them in +their own tongue, and saw by my complexion I must be a European; but +were at a loss to know what I meant by _Yahoos_ and _Houyhnhnms_; and +at the same time fell a-laughing at my strange tone in speaking, which +resembled the neighing of a horse. I trembled all the while betwixt +fear and hatred. I again desired leave to depart, and was gently moving +to my canoe; but they laid hold of me, desiring to know, “what country +I was of? whence I came?” with many other questions. I told them “I was +born in England, whence I came about five years ago, and then their +country and ours were at peace. I therefore hoped they would not treat +me as an enemy, since I meant them no harm, but was a poor _Yahoo_ +seeking some desolate place where to pass the remainder of his +unfortunate life.” + +When they began to talk, I thought I never heard or saw any thing more +unnatural; for it appeared to me as monstrous as if a dog or a cow +should speak in England, or a _Yahoo_ in _Houyhnhnmland_. The honest +Portuguese were equally amazed at my strange dress, and the odd manner +of delivering my words, which, however, they understood very well. They +spoke to me with great humanity, and said, “they were sure the captain +would carry me _gratis_ to Lisbon, whence I might return to my own +country; that two of the seamen would go back to the ship, inform the +captain of what they had seen, and receive his orders; in the mean +time, unless I would give my solemn oath not to fly, they would secure +me by force. I thought it best to comply with their proposal. They were +very curious to know my story, but I gave them very little +satisfaction, and they all conjectured that my misfortunes had impaired +my reason. In two hours the boat, which went laden with vessels of +water, returned, with the captain’s command to fetch me on board. I +fell on my knees to preserve my liberty; but all was in vain; and the +men, having tied me with cords, heaved me into the boat, whence I was +taken into the ship, and thence into the captain’s cabin. + +His name was Pedro de Mendez; he was a very courteous and generous +person. He entreated me to give some account of myself, and desired to +know what I would eat or drink; said, “I should be used as well as +himself;” and spoke so many obliging things, that I wondered to find +such civilities from a _Yahoo_. However, I remained silent and sullen; +I was ready to faint at the very smell of him and his men. At last I +desired something to eat out of my own canoe; but he ordered me a +chicken, and some excellent wine, and then directed that I should be +put to bed in a very clean cabin. I would not undress myself, but lay +on the bed-clothes, and in half an hour stole out, when I thought the +crew was at dinner, and getting to the side of the ship, was going to +leap into the sea, and swim for my life, rather than continue among +_Yahoos_. But one of the seamen prevented me, and having informed the +captain, I was chained to my cabin. + +After dinner, Don Pedro came to me, and desired to know my reason for +so desperate an attempt; assured me, “he only meant to do me all the +service he was able;” and spoke so very movingly, that at last I +descended to treat him like an animal which had some little portion of +reason. I gave him a very short relation of my voyage; of the +conspiracy against me by my own men; of the country where they set me +on shore, and of my five years residence there. All which he looked +upon as if it were a dream or a vision; whereat I took great offence; +for I had quite forgot the faculty of lying, so peculiar to _Yahoos_, +in all countries where they preside, and, consequently, their +disposition of suspecting truth in others of their own species. I asked +him, “whether it were the custom in his country to say the thing which +was not?” I assured him, “I had almost forgot what he meant by +falsehood, and if I had lived a thousand years in _Houyhnhnmland_, I +should never have heard a lie from the meanest servant; that I was +altogether indifferent whether he believed me or not; but, however, in +return for his favours, I would give so much allowance to the +corruption of his nature, as to answer any objection he would please to +make, and then he might easily discover the truth.” + +The captain, a wise man, after many endeavours to catch me tripping in +some part of my story, at last began to have a better opinion of my +veracity. But he added, “that since I professed so inviolable an +attachment to truth, I must give him my word and honour to bear him +company in this voyage, without attempting any thing against my life; +or else he would continue me a prisoner till we arrived at Lisbon.” I +gave him the promise he required; but at the same time protested, “that +I would suffer the greatest hardships, rather than return to live among +_Yahoos_.” + +Our voyage passed without any considerable accident. In gratitude to +the captain, I sometimes sat with him, at his earnest request, and +strove to conceal my antipathy against humankind, although it often +broke out; which he suffered to pass without observation. But the +greatest part of the day I confined myself to my cabin, to avoid seeing +any of the crew. The captain had often entreated me to strip myself of +my savage dress, and offered to lend me the best suit of clothes he +had. This I would not be prevailed on to accept, abhorring to cover +myself with any thing that had been on the back of a _Yahoo_. I only +desired he would lend me two clean shirts, which, having been washed +since he wore them, I believed would not so much defile me. These I +changed every second day, and washed them myself. + +We arrived at Lisbon, Nov. 5, 1715. At our landing, the captain forced +me to cover myself with his cloak, to prevent the rabble from crowding +about me. I was conveyed to his own house; and at my earnest request he +led me up to the highest room backwards. I conjured him “to conceal +from all persons what I had told him of the _Houyhnhnms_; because the +least hint of such a story would not only draw numbers of people to see +me, but probably put me in danger of being imprisoned, or burnt by the +Inquisition.” The captain persuaded me to accept a suit of clothes +newly made; but I would not suffer the tailor to take my measure; +however, Don Pedro being almost of my size, they fitted me well enough. +He accoutred me with other necessaries, all new, which I aired for +twenty-four hours before I would use them. + +The captain had no wife, nor above three servants, none of which were +suffered to attend at meals; and his whole deportment was so obliging, +added to very good human understanding, that I really began to tolerate +his company. He gained so far upon me, that I ventured to look out of +the back window. By degrees I was brought into another room, whence I +peeped into the street, but drew my head back in a fright. In a week’s +time he seduced me down to the door. I found my terror gradually +lessened, but my hatred and contempt seemed to increase. I was at last +bold enough to walk the street in his company, but kept my nose well +stopped with rue, or sometimes with tobacco. + +In ten days, Don Pedro, to whom I had given some account of my domestic +affairs, put it upon me, as a matter of honour and conscience, “that I +ought to return to my native country, and live at home with my wife and +children.” He told me, “there was an English ship in the port just +ready to sail, and he would furnish me with all things necessary.” It +would be tedious to repeat his arguments, and my contradictions. He +said, “it was altogether impossible to find such a solitary island as I +desired to live in; but I might command in my own house, and pass my +time in a manner as recluse as I pleased.” + +I complied at last, finding I could not do better. I left Lisbon the +24th day of November, in an English merchantman, but who was the master +I never inquired. Don Pedro accompanied me to the ship, and lent me +twenty pounds. He took kind leave of me, and embraced me at parting, +which I bore as well as I could. During this last voyage I had no +commerce with the master or any of his men; but, pretending I was sick, +kept close in my cabin. On the fifth of December, 1715, we cast anchor +in the Downs, about nine in the morning, and at three in the afternoon +I got safe to my house at Rotherhith. [546] + +My wife and family received me with great surprise and joy, because +they concluded me certainly dead; but I must freely confess the sight +of them filled me only with hatred, disgust, and contempt; and the +more, by reflecting on the near alliance I had to them. For although, +since my unfortunate exile from the _Houyhnhnm_ country, I had +compelled myself to tolerate the sight of _Yahoos_, and to converse +with Don Pedro de Mendez, yet my memory and imagination were +perpetually filled with the virtues and ideas of those exalted +_Houyhnhnms_. And when I began to consider that, by copulating with one +of the _Yahoo_ species I had become a parent of more, it struck me with +the utmost shame, confusion, and horror. + +As soon as I entered the house, my wife took me in her arms, and kissed +me; at which, having not been used to the touch of that odious animal +for so many years, I fell into a swoon for almost an hour. At the time +I am writing, it is five years since my last return to England. During +the first year, I could not endure my wife or children in my presence; +the very smell of them was intolerable; much less could I suffer them +to eat in the same room. To this hour they dare not presume to touch my +bread, or drink out of the same cup, neither was I ever able to let one +of them take me by the hand. The first money I laid out was to buy two +young stone-horses, which I keep in a good stable; and next to them, +the groom is my greatest favourite, for I feel my spirits revived by +the smell he contracts in the stable. My horses understand me tolerably +well; I converse with them at least four hours every day. They are +strangers to bridle or saddle; they live in great amity with me and +friendship to each other. + + +CHAPTER XII. + +The author’s veracity. His design in publishing this work. His censure +of those travellers who swerve from the truth. The author clears +himself from any sinister ends in writing. An objection answered. The +method of planting colonies. His native country commended. The right of +the crown to those countries described by the author is justified. The +difficulty of conquering them. The author takes his last leave of the +reader; proposes his manner of living for the future; gives good +advice, and concludes. + + +Thus, gentle reader, I have given thee a faithful history of my travels +for sixteen years and above seven months: wherein I have not been so +studious of ornament as of truth. I could, perhaps, like others, have +astonished thee with strange improbable tales; but I rather chose to +relate plain matter of fact, in the simplest manner and style; because +my principal design was to inform, and not to amuse thee. + +It is easy for us who travel into remote countries, which are seldom +visited by Englishmen or other Europeans, to form descriptions of +wonderful animals both at sea and land. Whereas a traveller’s chief aim +should be to make men wiser and better, and to improve their minds by +the bad, as well as good, example of what they deliver concerning +foreign places. + +I could heartily wish a law was enacted, that every traveller, before +he were permitted to publish his voyages, should be obliged to make +oath before the Lord High Chancellor, that all he intended to print was +absolutely true to the best of his knowledge; for then the world would +no longer be deceived, as it usually is, while some writers, to make +their works pass the better upon the public, impose the grossest +falsities on the unwary reader. I have perused several books of travels +with great delight in my younger days; but having since gone over most +parts of the globe, and been able to contradict many fabulous accounts +from my own observation, it has given me a great disgust against this +part of reading, and some indignation to see the credulity of mankind +so impudently abused. Therefore, since my acquaintance were pleased to +think my poor endeavours might not be unacceptable to my country, I +imposed on myself, as a maxim never to be swerved from, that I would +strictly adhere to truth; neither indeed can I be ever under the least +temptation to vary from it, while I retain in my mind the lectures and +example of my noble master and the other illustrious _Houyhnhnms_ of +whom I had so long the honour to be an humble hearer. + + +_—Nec si miserum Fortuna Sinonem_ + +_Finxit_, _vanum etiam_, _mendacemque improba finget_. + +I know very well, how little reputation is to be got by writings which +require neither genius nor learning, nor indeed any other talent, +except a good memory, or an exact journal. I know likewise, that +writers of travels, like dictionary-makers, are sunk into oblivion by +the weight and bulk of those who come last, and therefore lie +uppermost. And it is highly probable, that such travellers, who shall +hereafter visit the countries described in this work of mine, may, by +detecting my errors (if there be any), and adding many new discoveries +of their own, justle me out of vogue, and stand in my place, making the +world forget that ever I was an author. This indeed would be too great +a mortification, if I wrote for fame: but as my sole intention was the +public good, I cannot be altogether disappointed. For who can read of +the virtues I have mentioned in the glorious _Houyhnhnms_, without +being ashamed of his own vices, when he considers himself as the +reasoning, governing animal of his country? I shall say nothing of +those remote nations where _Yahoos_ preside; among which the least +corrupted are the _Brobdingnagians_; whose wise maxims in morality and +government it would be our happiness to observe. But I forbear +descanting further, and rather leave the judicious reader to his own +remarks and application. + +I am not a little pleased that this work of mine can possibly meet with +no censurers: for what objections can be made against a writer, who +relates only plain facts, that happened in such distant countries, +where we have not the least interest, with respect either to trade or +negotiations? I have carefully avoided every fault with which common +writers of travels are often too justly charged. Besides, I meddle not +the least with any party, but write without passion, prejudice, or +ill-will against any man, or number of men, whatsoever. I write for the +noblest end, to inform and instruct mankind; over whom I may, without +breach of modesty, pretend to some superiority, from the advantages I +received by conversing so long among the most accomplished +_Houyhnhnms_. I write without any view to profit or praise. I never +suffer a word to pass that may look like reflection, or possibly give +the least offence, even to those who are most ready to take it. So that +I hope I may with justice pronounce myself an author perfectly +blameless; against whom the tribes of Answerers, Considerers, +Observers, Reflectors, Detectors, Remarkers, will never be able to find +matter for exercising their talents. + +I confess, it was whispered to me, “that I was bound in duty, as a +subject of England, to have given in a memorial to a secretary of state +at my first coming over; because, whatever lands are discovered by a +subject belong to the crown.” But I doubt whether our conquests in the +countries I treat of would be as easy as those of Ferdinando Cortez +over the naked Americans. The _Lilliputians_, I think, are hardly worth +the charge of a fleet and army to reduce them; and I question whether +it might be prudent or safe to attempt the _Brobdingnagians_; or +whether an English army would be much at their ease with the Flying +Island over their heads. The _Houyhnhnms_ indeed appear not to be so +well prepared for war, a science to which they are perfect strangers, +and especially against missive weapons. However, supposing myself to be +a minister of state, I could never give my advice for invading them. +Their prudence, unanimity, unacquaintedness with fear, and their love +of their country, would amply supply all defects in the military art. +Imagine twenty thousand of them breaking into the midst of an European +army, confounding the ranks, overturning the carriages, battering the +warriors’ faces into mummy by terrible yerks from their hinder hoofs. +For they would well deserve the character given to Augustus, +_Recalcitrat undique tutus_. But, instead of proposals for conquering +that magnanimous nation, I rather wish they were in a capacity, or +disposition, to send a sufficient number of their inhabitants for +civilizing Europe, by teaching us the first principles of honour, +justice, truth, temperance, public spirit, fortitude, chastity, +friendship, benevolence, and fidelity. The names of all which virtues +are still retained among us in most languages, and are to be met with +in modern, as well as ancient authors; which I am able to assert from +my own small reading. + +But I had another reason, which made me less forward to enlarge his +majesty’s dominions by my discoveries. To say the truth, I had +conceived a few scruples with relation to the distributive justice of +princes upon those occasions. For instance, a crew of pirates are +driven by a storm they know not whither; at length a boy discovers land +from the topmast; they go on shore to rob and plunder, they see a +harmless people, are entertained with kindness; they give the country a +new name; they take formal possession of it for their king; they set up +a rotten plank, or a stone, for a memorial; they murder two or three +dozen of the natives, bring away a couple more, by force, for a sample; +return home, and get their pardon. Here commences a new dominion +acquired with a title by divine right. Ships are sent with the first +opportunity; the natives driven out or destroyed; their princes +tortured to discover their gold; a free license given to all acts of +inhumanity and lust, the earth reeking with the blood of its +inhabitants: and this execrable crew of butchers, employed in so pious +an expedition, is a modern colony, sent to convert and civilize an +idolatrous and barbarous people! + +But this description, I confess, does by no means affect the British +nation, who may be an example to the whole world for their wisdom, +care, and justice in planting colonies; their liberal endowments for +the advancement of religion and learning; their choice of devout and +able pastors to propagate Christianity; their caution in stocking their +provinces with people of sober lives and conversations from this the +mother kingdom; their strict regard to the distribution of justice, in +supplying the civil administration through all their colonies with +officers of the greatest abilities, utter strangers to corruption; and, +to crown all, by sending the most vigilant and virtuous governors, who +have no other views than the happiness of the people over whom they +preside, and the honour of the king their master. + +But as those countries which I have described do not appear to have any +desire of being conquered and enslaved, murdered or driven out by +colonies, nor abound either in gold, silver, sugar, or tobacco, I did +humbly conceive, they were by no means proper objects of our zeal, our +valour, or our interest. However, if those whom it more concerns think +fit to be of another opinion, I am ready to depose, when I shall be +lawfully called, that no European did ever visit those countries before +me. I mean, if the inhabitants ought to be believed, unless a dispute +may arise concerning the two _Yahoos_, said to have been seen many +years ago upon a mountain in _Houyhnhnmland_, from whence the opinion +is, that the race of those brutes hath descended; and these, for +anything I know, may have been English, which indeed I was apt to +suspect from the lineaments of their posterity’s countenances, although +very much defaced. But, how far that will go to make out a title, I +leave to the learned in colony-law. + +But, as to the formality of taking possession in my sovereign’s name, +it never came once into my thoughts; and if it had, yet, as my affairs +then stood, I should perhaps, in point of prudence and +self-preservation, have put it off to a better opportunity. + +Having thus answered the only objection that can ever be raised against +me as a traveller, I here take a final leave of all my courteous +readers, and return to enjoy my own speculations in my little garden at +Redriff; to apply those excellent lessons of virtue which I learned +among the _Houyhnhnms_; to instruct the _Yahoos_ of my own family, as +far as I shall find them docible animals; to behold my figure often in +a glass, and thus, if possible, habituate myself by time to tolerate +the sight of a human creature; to lament the brutality to _Houyhnhnms_ +in my own country, but always treat their persons with respect, for the +sake of my noble master, his family, his friends, and the whole +_Houyhnhnm_ race, whom these of ours have the honour to resemble in all +their lineaments, however their intellectuals came to degenerate. + +I began last week to permit my wife to sit at dinner with me, at the +farthest end of a long table; and to answer (but with the utmost +brevity) the few questions I asked her. Yet, the smell of a _Yahoo_ +continuing very offensive, I always keep my nose well stopped with rue, +lavender, or tobacco leaves. And, although it be hard for a man late in +life to remove old habits, I am not altogether out of hopes, in some +time, to suffer a neighbour _Yahoo_ in my company, without the +apprehensions I am yet under of his teeth or his claws. + +My reconcilement to the _Yahoo_-kind in general might not be so +difficult, if they would be content with those vices and follies only +which nature has entitled them to. I am not in the least provoked at +the sight of a lawyer, a pickpocket, a colonel, a fool, a lord, a +gamester, a politician, a whoremonger, a physician, an evidence, a +suborner, an attorney, a traitor, or the like; this is all according to +the due course of things: but when I behold a lump of deformity and +diseases, both in body and mind, smitten with pride, it immediately +breaks all the measures of my patience; neither shall I be ever able to +comprehend how such an animal, and such a vice, could tally together. +The wise and virtuous _Houyhnhnms_, who abound in all excellences that +can adorn a rational creature, have no name for this vice in their +language, which has no terms to express any thing that is evil, except +those whereby they describe the detestable qualities of their _Yahoos_, +among which they were not able to distinguish this of pride, for want +of thoroughly understanding human nature, as it shows itself in other +countries where that animal presides. But I, who had more experience, +could plainly observe some rudiments of it among the wild _Yahoos_. + + +But the _Houyhnhnms_, who live under the government of reason, are no +more proud of the good qualities they possess, than I should be for not +wanting a leg or an arm; which no man in his wits would boast of, +although he must be miserable without them. I dwell the longer upon +this subject from the desire I have to make the society of an English +_Yahoo_ by any means not insupportable; and therefore I here entreat +those who have any tincture of this absurd vice, that they will not +presume to come in my sight. + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[301] A stang is a pole or perch; sixteen feet and a half. + +[330] An act of parliament has been since passed by which some breaches +of trust have been made capital. + +[454a] Britannia.—_Sir W. Scott_. + +[454b] London.—_Sir W. Scott_. + +[455] This is the revised text adopted by Dr. Hawksworth (1766). The +above paragraph in the original editions (1726) takes another form, +commencing:—“I told him that should I happen to live in a kingdom where +lots were in vogue,” &c. The names Tribnia and Langden are not +mentioned, and the “close stool” and its signification do not occur. + +[514] This paragraph is not in the original editions. + +[546] The original editions and Hawksworth’s have Rotherhith here, +though earlier in the work, Redriff is said to have been Gulliver’s +home in England. + + + + +*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GULLIVER’S TRAVELS *** + +***** This file should be named 829-0.txt or 829-0.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/8/2/829/ + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will +be renamed. + +Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright +law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, +so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the +United States without permission and without paying copyright +royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms +of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at +www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you +will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before +using this eBook. + +** This is a COPYRIGHTED Project Gutenberg eBook, Details Below ** +** Please follow the copyright guidelines in this file. ** + +Title: Metamorphosis + +Author: Franz Kafka + +Translator: David Wyllie + +Release Date: May 13, 2002 [eBook #5200] +[Most recently updated: May 20, 2012] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 + +Copyright (C) 2002 by David Wyllie. + +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK METAMORPHOSIS *** + + + + +Metamorphosis + +by Franz Kafka + +Translated by David Wyllie + + + + +I + + +One morning, when Gregor Samsa woke from troubled dreams, he found +himself transformed in his bed into a horrible vermin. He lay on his +armour-like back, and if he lifted his head a little he could see his +brown belly, slightly domed and divided by arches into stiff sections. +The bedding was hardly able to cover it and seemed ready to slide off +any moment. His many legs, pitifully thin compared with the size of the +rest of him, waved about helplessly as he looked. + +“What’s happened to me?” he thought. It wasn’t a dream. His room, a +proper human room although a little too small, lay peacefully between +its four familiar walls. A collection of textile samples lay spread out +on the table—Samsa was a travelling salesman—and above it there hung a +picture that he had recently cut out of an illustrated magazine and +housed in a nice, gilded frame. It showed a lady fitted out with a fur +hat and fur boa who sat upright, raising a heavy fur muff that covered +the whole of her lower arm towards the viewer. + +Gregor then turned to look out the window at the dull weather. Drops of +rain could be heard hitting the pane, which made him feel quite sad. +“How about if I sleep a little bit longer and forget all this +nonsense”, he thought, but that was something he was unable to do +because he was used to sleeping on his right, and in his present state +couldn’t get into that position. However hard he threw himself onto his +right, he always rolled back to where he was. He must have tried it a +hundred times, shut his eyes so that he wouldn’t have to look at the +floundering legs, and only stopped when he began to feel a mild, dull +pain there that he had never felt before. + +“Oh, God”, he thought, “what a strenuous career it is that I’ve chosen! +Travelling day in and day out. Doing business like this takes much more +effort than doing your own business at home, and on top of that there’s +the curse of travelling, worries about making train connections, bad +and irregular food, contact with different people all the time so that +you can never get to know anyone or become friendly with them. It can +all go to Hell!” He felt a slight itch up on his belly; pushed himself +slowly up on his back towards the headboard so that he could lift his +head better; found where the itch was, and saw that it was covered with +lots of little white spots which he didn’t know what to make of; and +when he tried to feel the place with one of his legs he drew it quickly +back because as soon as he touched it he was overcome by a cold +shudder. + +He slid back into his former position. “Getting up early all the time”, +he thought, “it makes you stupid. You’ve got to get enough sleep. Other +travelling salesmen live a life of luxury. For instance, whenever I go +back to the guest house during the morning to copy out the contract, +these gentlemen are always still sitting there eating their breakfasts. +I ought to just try that with my boss; I’d get kicked out on the spot. +But who knows, maybe that would be the best thing for me. If I didn’t +have my parents to think about I’d have given in my notice a long time +ago, I’d have gone up to the boss and told him just what I think, tell +him everything I would, let him know just what I feel. He’d fall right +off his desk! And it’s a funny sort of business to be sitting up there +at your desk, talking down at your subordinates from up there, +especially when you have to go right up close because the boss is hard +of hearing. Well, there’s still some hope; once I’ve got the money +together to pay off my parents’ debt to him—another five or six years I +suppose—that’s definitely what I’ll do. That’s when I’ll make the big +change. First of all though, I’ve got to get up, my train leaves at +five.” + +And he looked over at the alarm clock, ticking on the chest of drawers. +“God in Heaven!” he thought. It was half past six and the hands were +quietly moving forwards, it was even later than half past, more like +quarter to seven. Had the alarm clock not rung? He could see from the +bed that it had been set for four o’clock as it should have been; it +certainly must have rung. Yes, but was it possible to quietly sleep +through that furniture-rattling noise? True, he had not slept +peacefully, but probably all the more deeply because of that. What +should he do now? The next train went at seven; if he were to catch +that he would have to rush like mad and the collection of samples was +still not packed, and he did not at all feel particularly fresh and +lively. And even if he did catch the train he would not avoid his +boss’s anger as the office assistant would have been there to see the +five o’clock train go, he would have put in his report about Gregor’s +not being there a long time ago. The office assistant was the boss’s +man, spineless, and with no understanding. What about if he reported +sick? But that would be extremely strained and suspicious as in five +years of service Gregor had never once yet been ill. His boss would +certainly come round with the doctor from the medical insurance +company, accuse his parents of having a lazy son, and accept the +doctor’s recommendation not to make any claim as the doctor believed +that no-one was ever ill but that many were workshy. And what’s more, +would he have been entirely wrong in this case? Gregor did in fact, +apart from excessive sleepiness after sleeping for so long, feel +completely well and even felt much hungrier than usual. + +He was still hurriedly thinking all this through, unable to decide to +get out of the bed, when the clock struck quarter to seven. There was a +cautious knock at the door near his head. “Gregor”, somebody called—it +was his mother—“it’s quarter to seven. Didn’t you want to go +somewhere?” That gentle voice! Gregor was shocked when he heard his own +voice answering, it could hardly be recognised as the voice he had had +before. As if from deep inside him, there was a painful and +uncontrollable squeaking mixed in with it, the words could be made out +at first but then there was a sort of echo which made them unclear, +leaving the hearer unsure whether he had heard properly or not. Gregor +had wanted to give a full answer and explain everything, but in the +circumstances contented himself with saying: “Yes, mother, yes, +thank-you, I’m getting up now.” The change in Gregor’s voice probably +could not be noticed outside through the wooden door, as his mother was +satisfied with this explanation and shuffled away. But this short +conversation made the other members of the family aware that Gregor, +against their expectations was still at home, and soon his father came +knocking at one of the side doors, gently, but with his fist. “Gregor, +Gregor”, he called, “what’s wrong?” And after a short while he called +again with a warning deepness in his voice: “Gregor! Gregor!” At the +other side door his sister came plaintively: “Gregor? Aren’t you well? +Do you need anything?” Gregor answered to both sides: “I’m ready, now”, +making an effort to remove all the strangeness from his voice by +enunciating very carefully and putting long pauses between each, +individual word. His father went back to his breakfast, but his sister +whispered: “Gregor, open the door, I beg of you.” Gregor, however, had +no thought of opening the door, and instead congratulated himself for +his cautious habit, acquired from his travelling, of locking all doors +at night even when he was at home. + +The first thing he wanted to do was to get up in peace without being +disturbed, to get dressed, and most of all to have his breakfast. Only +then would he consider what to do next, as he was well aware that he +would not bring his thoughts to any sensible conclusions by lying in +bed. He remembered that he had often felt a slight pain in bed, perhaps +caused by lying awkwardly, but that had always turned out to be pure +imagination and he wondered how his imaginings would slowly resolve +themselves today. He did not have the slightest doubt that the change +in his voice was nothing more than the first sign of a serious cold, +which was an occupational hazard for travelling salesmen. + +It was a simple matter to throw off the covers; he only had to blow +himself up a little and they fell off by themselves. But it became +difficult after that, especially as he was so exceptionally broad. He +would have used his arms and his hands to push himself up; but instead +of them he only had all those little legs continuously moving in +different directions, and which he was moreover unable to control. If +he wanted to bend one of them, then that was the first one that would +stretch itself out; and if he finally managed to do what he wanted with +that leg, all the others seemed to be set free and would move about +painfully. “This is something that can’t be done in bed”, Gregor said +to himself, “so don’t keep trying to do it”. + +The first thing he wanted to do was get the lower part of his body out +of the bed, but he had never seen this lower part, and could not +imagine what it looked like; it turned out to be too hard to move; it +went so slowly; and finally, almost in a frenzy, when he carelessly +shoved himself forwards with all the force he could gather, he chose +the wrong direction, hit hard against the lower bedpost, and learned +from the burning pain he felt that the lower part of his body might +well, at present, be the most sensitive. + +So then he tried to get the top part of his body out of the bed first, +carefully turning his head to the side. This he managed quite easily, +and despite its breadth and its weight, the bulk of his body eventually +followed slowly in the direction of the head. But when he had at last +got his head out of the bed and into the fresh air it occurred to him +that if he let himself fall it would be a miracle if his head were not +injured, so he became afraid to carry on pushing himself forward the +same way. And he could not knock himself out now at any price; better +to stay in bed than lose consciousness. + +It took just as much effort to get back to where he had been earlier, +but when he lay there sighing, and was once more watching his legs as +they struggled against each other even harder than before, if that was +possible, he could think of no way of bringing peace and order to this +chaos. He told himself once more that it was not possible for him to +stay in bed and that the most sensible thing to do would be to get free +of it in whatever way he could at whatever sacrifice. At the same time, +though, he did not forget to remind himself that calm consideration was +much better than rushing to desperate conclusions. At times like this +he would direct his eyes to the window and look out as clearly as he +could, but unfortunately, even the other side of the narrow street was +enveloped in morning fog and the view had little confidence or cheer to +offer him. “Seven o’clock, already”, he said to himself when the clock +struck again, “seven o’clock, and there’s still a fog like this.” And +he lay there quietly a while longer, breathing lightly as if he perhaps +expected the total stillness to bring things back to their real and +natural state. + +But then he said to himself: “Before it strikes quarter past seven I’ll +definitely have to have got properly out of bed. And by then somebody +will have come round from work to ask what’s happened to me as well, as +they open up at work before seven o’clock.” And so he set himself to +the task of swinging the entire length of his body out of the bed all +at the same time. If he succeeded in falling out of bed in this way and +kept his head raised as he did so he could probably avoid injuring it. +His back seemed to be quite hard, and probably nothing would happen to +it falling onto the carpet. His main concern was for the loud noise he +was bound to make, and which even through all the doors would probably +raise concern if not alarm. But it was something that had to be risked. + +When Gregor was already sticking half way out of the bed—the new method +was more of a game than an effort, all he had to do was rock back and +forth—it occurred to him how simple everything would be if somebody +came to help him. Two strong people—he had his father and the maid in +mind—would have been more than enough; they would only have to push +their arms under the dome of his back, peel him away from the bed, bend +down with the load and then be patient and careful as he swang over +onto the floor, where, hopefully, the little legs would find a use. +Should he really call for help though, even apart from the fact that +all the doors were locked? Despite all the difficulty he was in, he +could not suppress a smile at this thought. + +After a while he had already moved so far across that it would have +been hard for him to keep his balance if he rocked too hard. The time +was now ten past seven and he would have to make a final decision very +soon. Then there was a ring at the door of the flat. “That’ll be +someone from work”, he said to himself, and froze very still, although +his little legs only became all the more lively as they danced around. +For a moment everything remained quiet. “They’re not opening the door”, +Gregor said to himself, caught in some nonsensical hope. But then of +course, the maid’s firm steps went to the door as ever and opened it. +Gregor only needed to hear the visitor’s first words of greeting and he +knew who it was—the chief clerk himself. Why did Gregor have to be the +only one condemned to work for a company where they immediately became +highly suspicious at the slightest shortcoming? Were all employees, +every one of them, louts, was there not one of them who was faithful +and devoted who would go so mad with pangs of conscience that he +couldn’t get out of bed if he didn’t spend at least a couple of hours +in the morning on company business? Was it really not enough to let one +of the trainees make enquiries—assuming enquiries were even +necessary—did the chief clerk have to come himself, and did they have +to show the whole, innocent family that this was so suspicious that +only the chief clerk could be trusted to have the wisdom to investigate +it? And more because these thoughts had made him upset than through any +proper decision, he swang himself with all his force out of the bed. +There was a loud thump, but it wasn’t really a loud noise. His fall was +softened a little by the carpet, and Gregor’s back was also more +elastic than he had thought, which made the sound muffled and not too +noticeable. He had not held his head carefully enough, though, and hit +it as he fell; annoyed and in pain, he turned it and rubbed it against +the carpet. + +“Something’s fallen down in there”, said the chief clerk in the room on +the left. Gregor tried to imagine whether something of the sort that +had happened to him today could ever happen to the chief clerk too; you +had to concede that it was possible. But as if in gruff reply to this +question, the chief clerk’s firm footsteps in his highly polished boots +could now be heard in the adjoining room. From the room on his right, +Gregor’s sister whispered to him to let him know: “Gregor, the chief +clerk is here.” “Yes, I know”, said Gregor to himself; but without +daring to raise his voice loud enough for his sister to hear him. + +“Gregor”, said his father now from the room to his left, “the chief +clerk has come round and wants to know why you didn’t leave on the +early train. We don’t know what to say to him. And anyway, he wants to +speak to you personally. So please open up this door. I’m sure he’ll be +good enough to forgive the untidiness of your room.” Then the chief +clerk called “Good morning, Mr. Samsa”. “He isn’t well”, said his +mother to the chief clerk, while his father continued to speak through +the door. “He isn’t well, please believe me. Why else would Gregor have +missed a train! The lad only ever thinks about the business. It nearly +makes me cross the way he never goes out in the evenings; he’s been in +town for a week now but stayed home every evening. He sits with us in +the kitchen and just reads the paper or studies train timetables. His +idea of relaxation is working with his fretsaw. He’s made a little +frame, for instance, it only took him two or three evenings, you’ll be +amazed how nice it is; it’s hanging up in his room; you’ll see it as +soon as Gregor opens the door. Anyway, I’m glad you’re here; we +wouldn’t have been able to get Gregor to open the door by ourselves; +he’s so stubborn; and I’m sure he isn’t well, he said this morning that +he is, but he isn’t.” “I’ll be there in a moment”, said Gregor slowly +and thoughtfully, but without moving so that he would not miss any word +of the conversation. “Well I can’t think of any other way of explaining +it, Mrs. Samsa”, said the chief clerk, “I hope it’s nothing serious. +But on the other hand, I must say that if we people in commerce ever +become slightly unwell then, fortunately or unfortunately as you like, +we simply have to overcome it because of business considerations.” “Can +the chief clerk come in to see you now then?”, asked his father +impatiently, knocking at the door again. “No”, said Gregor. In the room +on his right there followed a painful silence; in the room on his left +his sister began to cry. + +So why did his sister not go and join the others? She had probably only +just got up and had not even begun to get dressed. And why was she +crying? Was it because he had not got up, and had not let the chief +clerk in, because he was in danger of losing his job and if that +happened his boss would once more pursue their parents with the same +demands as before? There was no need to worry about things like that +yet. Gregor was still there and had not the slightest intention of +abandoning his family. For the time being he just lay there on the +carpet, and no-one who knew the condition he was in would seriously +have expected him to let the chief clerk in. It was only a minor +discourtesy, and a suitable excuse could easily be found for it later +on, it was not something for which Gregor could be sacked on the spot. +And it seemed to Gregor much more sensible to leave him now in peace +instead of disturbing him with talking at him and crying. But the +others didn’t know what was happening, they were worried, that would +excuse their behaviour. + +The chief clerk now raised his voice, “Mr. Samsa”, he called to him, +“what is wrong? You barricade yourself in your room, give us no more +than yes or no for an answer, you are causing serious and unnecessary +concern to your parents and you fail—and I mention this just by the +way—you fail to carry out your business duties in a way that is quite +unheard of. I’m speaking here on behalf of your parents and of your +employer, and really must request a clear and immediate explanation. I +am astonished, quite astonished. I thought I knew you as a calm and +sensible person, and now you suddenly seem to be showing off with +peculiar whims. This morning, your employer did suggest a possible +reason for your failure to appear, it’s true—it had to do with the +money that was recently entrusted to you—but I came near to giving him +my word of honour that that could not be the right explanation. But now +that I see your incomprehensible stubbornness I no longer feel any wish +whatsoever to intercede on your behalf. And nor is your position all +that secure. I had originally intended to say all this to you in +private, but since you cause me to waste my time here for no good +reason I don’t see why your parents should not also learn of it. Your +turnover has been very unsatisfactory of late; I grant you that it’s +not the time of year to do especially good business, we recognise that; +but there simply is no time of year to do no business at all, Mr. +Samsa, we cannot allow there to be.” + +“But Sir”, called Gregor, beside himself and forgetting all else in the +excitement, “I’ll open up immediately, just a moment. I’m slightly +unwell, an attack of dizziness, I haven’t been able to get up. I’m +still in bed now. I’m quite fresh again now, though. I’m just getting +out of bed. Just a moment. Be patient! It’s not quite as easy as I’d +thought. I’m quite alright now, though. It’s shocking, what can +suddenly happen to a person! I was quite alright last night, my parents +know about it, perhaps better than me, I had a small symptom of it last +night already. They must have noticed it. I don’t know why I didn’t let +you know at work! But you always think you can get over an illness +without staying at home. Please, don’t make my parents suffer! There’s +no basis for any of the accusations you’re making; nobody’s ever said a +word to me about any of these things. Maybe you haven’t read the latest +contracts I sent in. I’ll set off with the eight o’clock train, as +well, these few hours of rest have given me strength. You don’t need to +wait, sir; I’ll be in the office soon after you, and please be so good +as to tell that to the boss and recommend me to him!” + +And while Gregor gushed out these words, hardly knowing what he was +saying, he made his way over to the chest of drawers—this was easily +done, probably because of the practise he had already had in bed—where +he now tried to get himself upright. He really did want to open the +door, really did want to let them see him and to speak with the chief +clerk; the others were being so insistent, and he was curious to learn +what they would say when they caught sight of him. If they were shocked +then it would no longer be Gregor’s responsibility and he could rest. +If, however, they took everything calmly he would still have no reason +to be upset, and if he hurried he really could be at the station for +eight o’clock. The first few times he tried to climb up on the smooth +chest of drawers he just slid down again, but he finally gave himself +one last swing and stood there upright; the lower part of his body was +in serious pain but he no longer gave any attention to it. Now he let +himself fall against the back of a nearby chair and held tightly to the +edges of it with his little legs. By now he had also calmed down, and +kept quiet so that he could listen to what the chief clerk was saying. + +“Did you understand a word of all that?” the chief clerk asked his +parents, “surely he’s not trying to make fools of us”. “Oh, God!” +called his mother, who was already in tears, “he could be seriously ill +and we’re making him suffer. Grete! Grete!” she then cried. “Mother?” +his sister called from the other side. They communicated across +Gregor’s room. “You’ll have to go for the doctor straight away. Gregor +is ill. Quick, get the doctor. Did you hear the way Gregor spoke just +now?” “That was the voice of an animal”, said the chief clerk, with a +calmness that was in contrast with his mother’s screams. “Anna! Anna!” +his father called into the kitchen through the entrance hall, clapping +his hands, “get a locksmith here, now!” And the two girls, their skirts +swishing, immediately ran out through the hall, wrenching open the +front door of the flat as they went. How had his sister managed to get +dressed so quickly? There was no sound of the door banging shut again; +they must have left it open; people often do in homes where something +awful has happened. + +Gregor, in contrast, had become much calmer. So they couldn’t +understand his words any more, although they seemed clear enough to +him, clearer than before—perhaps his ears had become used to the sound. +They had realised, though, that there was something wrong with him, and +were ready to help. The first response to his situation had been +confident and wise, and that made him feel better. He felt that he had +been drawn back in among people, and from the doctor and the locksmith +he expected great and surprising achievements—although he did not +really distinguish one from the other. Whatever was said next would be +crucial, so, in order to make his voice as clear as possible, he +coughed a little, but taking care to do this not too loudly as even +this might well sound different from the way that a human coughs and he +was no longer sure he could judge this for himself. Meanwhile, it had +become very quiet in the next room. Perhaps his parents were sat at the +table whispering with the chief clerk, or perhaps they were all pressed +against the door and listening. + +Gregor slowly pushed his way over to the door with the chair. Once +there he let go of it and threw himself onto the door, holding himself +upright against it using the adhesive on the tips of his legs. He +rested there a little while to recover from the effort involved and +then set himself to the task of turning the key in the lock with his +mouth. He seemed, unfortunately, to have no proper teeth—how was he, +then, to grasp the key?—but the lack of teeth was, of course, made up +for with a very strong jaw; using the jaw, he really was able to start +the key turning, ignoring the fact that he must have been causing some +kind of damage as a brown fluid came from his mouth, flowed over the +key and dripped onto the floor. “Listen”, said the chief clerk in the +next room, “he’s turning the key.” Gregor was greatly encouraged by +this; but they all should have been calling to him, his father and his +mother too: “Well done, Gregor”, they should have cried, “keep at it, +keep hold of the lock!” And with the idea that they were all excitedly +following his efforts, he bit on the key with all his strength, paying +no attention to the pain he was causing himself. As the key turned +round he turned around the lock with it, only holding himself upright +with his mouth, and hung onto the key or pushed it down again with the +whole weight of his body as needed. The clear sound of the lock as it +snapped back was Gregor’s sign that he could break his concentration, +and as he regained his breath he said to himself: “So, I didn’t need +the locksmith after all”. Then he lay his head on the handle of the +door to open it completely. + +Because he had to open the door in this way, it was already wide open +before he could be seen. He had first to slowly turn himself around one +of the double doors, and he had to do it very carefully if he did not +want to fall flat on his back before entering the room. He was still +occupied with this difficult movement, unable to pay attention to +anything else, when he heard the chief clerk exclaim a loud “Oh!”, +which sounded like the soughing of the wind. Now he also saw him—he was +the nearest to the door—his hand pressed against his open mouth and +slowly retreating as if driven by a steady and invisible force. +Gregor’s mother, her hair still dishevelled from bed despite the chief +clerk’s being there, looked at his father. Then she unfolded her arms, +took two steps forward towards Gregor and sank down onto the floor into +her skirts that spread themselves out around her as her head +disappeared down onto her breast. His father looked hostile, and +clenched his fists as if wanting to knock Gregor back into his room. +Then he looked uncertainly round the living room, covered his eyes with +his hands and wept so that his powerful chest shook. + +So Gregor did not go into the room, but leant against the inside of the +other door which was still held bolted in place. In this way only half +of his body could be seen, along with his head above it which he leant +over to one side as he peered out at the others. Meanwhile the day had +become much lighter; part of the endless, grey-black building on the +other side of the street—which was a hospital—could be seen quite +clearly with the austere and regular line of windows piercing its +façade; the rain was still falling, now throwing down large, individual +droplets which hit the ground one at a time. The washing up from +breakfast lay on the table; there was so much of it because, for +Gregor’s father, breakfast was the most important meal of the day and +he would stretch it out for several hours as he sat reading a number of +different newspapers. On the wall exactly opposite there was photograph +of Gregor when he was a lieutenant in the army, his sword in his hand +and a carefree smile on his face as he called forth respect for his +uniform and bearing. The door to the entrance hall was open and as the +front door of the flat was also open he could see onto the landing and +the stairs where they began their way down below. + +“Now, then”, said Gregor, well aware that he was the only one to have +kept calm, “I’ll get dressed straight away now, pack up my samples and +set off. Will you please just let me leave? You can see”, he said to +the chief clerk, “that I’m not stubborn and I like to do my job; being +a commercial traveller is arduous but without travelling I couldn’t +earn my living. So where are you going, in to the office? Yes? Will you +report everything accurately, then? It’s quite possible for someone to +be temporarily unable to work, but that’s just the right time to +remember what’s been achieved in the past and consider that later on, +once the difficulty has been removed, he will certainly work with all +the more diligence and concentration. You’re well aware that I’m +seriously in debt to our employer as well as having to look after my +parents and my sister, so that I’m trapped in a difficult situation, +but I will work my way out of it again. Please don’t make things any +harder for me than they are already, and don’t take sides against me at +the office. I know that nobody likes the travellers. They think we earn +an enormous wage as well as having a soft time of it. That’s just +prejudice but they have no particular reason to think better of it. But +you, sir, you have a better overview than the rest of the staff, in +fact, if I can say this in confidence, a better overview than the boss +himself—it’s very easy for a businessman like him to make mistakes +about his employees and judge them more harshly than he should. And +you’re also well aware that we travellers spend almost the whole year +away from the office, so that we can very easily fall victim to gossip +and chance and groundless complaints, and it’s almost impossible to +defend yourself from that sort of thing, we don’t usually even hear +about them, or if at all it’s when we arrive back home exhausted from a +trip, and that’s when we feel the harmful effects of what’s been going +on without even knowing what caused them. Please, don’t go away, at +least first say something to show that you grant that I’m at least +partly right!” + +But the chief clerk had turned away as soon as Gregor had started to +speak, and, with protruding lips, only stared back at him over his +trembling shoulders as he left. He did not keep still for a moment +while Gregor was speaking, but moved steadily towards the door without +taking his eyes off him. He moved very gradually, as if there had been +some secret prohibition on leaving the room. It was only when he had +reached the entrance hall that he made a sudden movement, drew his foot +from the living room, and rushed forward in a panic. In the hall, he +stretched his right hand far out towards the stairway as if out there, +there were some supernatural force waiting to save him. + +Gregor realised that it was out of the question to let the chief clerk +go away in this mood if his position in the firm was not to be put into +extreme danger. That was something his parents did not understand very +well; over the years, they had become convinced that this job would +provide for Gregor for his entire life, and besides, they had so much +to worry about at present that they had lost sight of any thought for +the future. Gregor, though, did think about the future. The chief clerk +had to be held back, calmed down, convinced and finally won over; the +future of Gregor and his family depended on it! If only his sister were +here! She was clever; she was already in tears while Gregor was still +lying peacefully on his back. And the chief clerk was a lover of women, +surely she could persuade him; she would close the front door in the +entrance hall and talk him out of his shocked state. But his sister was +not there, Gregor would have to do the job himself. And without +considering that he still was not familiar with how well he could move +about in his present state, or that his speech still might not—or +probably would not—be understood, he let go of the door; pushed himself +through the opening; tried to reach the chief clerk on the landing who, +ridiculously, was holding on to the banister with both hands; but +Gregor fell immediately over and, with a little scream as he sought +something to hold onto, landed on his numerous little legs. Hardly had +that happened than, for the first time that day, he began to feel +alright with his body; the little legs had the solid ground under them; +to his pleasure, they did exactly as he told them; they were even +making the effort to carry him where he wanted to go; and he was soon +believing that all his sorrows would soon be finally at an end. He held +back the urge to move but swayed from side to side as he crouched there +on the floor. His mother was not far away in front of him and seemed, +at first, quite engrossed in herself, but then she suddenly jumped up +with her arms outstretched and her fingers spread shouting: “Help, for +pity’s sake, Help!” The way she held her head suggested she wanted to +see Gregor better, but the unthinking way she was hurrying backwards +showed that she did not; she had forgotten that the table was behind +her with all the breakfast things on it; when she reached the table she +sat quickly down on it without knowing what she was doing; without even +seeming to notice that the coffee pot had been knocked over and a gush +of coffee was pouring down onto the carpet. + +“Mother, mother”, said Gregor gently, looking up at her. He had +completely forgotten the chief clerk for the moment, but could not help +himself snapping in the air with his jaws at the sight of the flow of +coffee. That set his mother screaming anew, she fled from the table and +into the arms of his father as he rushed towards her. Gregor, though, +had no time to spare for his parents now; the chief clerk had already +reached the stairs; with his chin on the banister, he looked back for +the last time. Gregor made a run for him; he wanted to be sure of +reaching him; the chief clerk must have expected something, as he leapt +down several steps at once and disappeared; his shouts resounding all +around the staircase. The flight of the chief clerk seemed, +unfortunately, to put Gregor’s father into a panic as well. Until then +he had been relatively self controlled, but now, instead of running +after the chief clerk himself, or at least not impeding Gregor as he +ran after him, Gregor’s father seized the chief clerk’s stick in his +right hand (the chief clerk had left it behind on a chair, along with +his hat and overcoat), picked up a large newspaper from the table with +his left, and used them to drive Gregor back into his room, stamping +his foot at him as he went. Gregor’s appeals to his father were of no +help, his appeals were simply not understood, however much he humbly +turned his head his father merely stamped his foot all the harder. +Across the room, despite the chilly weather, Gregor’s mother had pulled +open a window, leant far out of it and pressed her hands to her face. A +strong draught of air flew in from the street towards the stairway, the +curtains flew up, the newspapers on the table fluttered and some of +them were blown onto the floor. Nothing would stop Gregor’s father as +he drove him back, making hissing noises at him like a wild man. Gregor +had never had any practice in moving backwards and was only able to go +very slowly. If Gregor had only been allowed to turn round he would +have been back in his room straight away, but he was afraid that if he +took the time to do that his father would become impatient, and there +was the threat of a lethal blow to his back or head from the stick in +his father’s hand any moment. Eventually, though, Gregor realised that +he had no choice as he saw, to his disgust, that he was quite incapable +of going backwards in a straight line; so he began, as quickly as +possible and with frequent anxious glances at his father, to turn +himself round. It went very slowly, but perhaps his father was able to +see his good intentions as he did nothing to hinder him, in fact now +and then he used the tip of his stick to give directions from a +distance as to which way to turn. If only his father would stop that +unbearable hissing! It was making Gregor quite confused. When he had +nearly finished turning round, still listening to that hissing, he made +a mistake and turned himself back a little the way he had just come. He +was pleased when he finally had his head in front of the doorway, but +then saw that it was too narrow, and his body was too broad to get +through it without further difficulty. In his present mood, it +obviously did not occur to his father to open the other of the double +doors so that Gregor would have enough space to get through. He was +merely fixed on the idea that Gregor should be got back into his room +as quickly as possible. Nor would he ever have allowed Gregor the time +to get himself upright as preparation for getting through the doorway. +What he did, making more noise than ever, was to drive Gregor forwards +all the harder as if there had been nothing in the way; it sounded to +Gregor as if there was now more than one father behind him; it was not +a pleasant experience, and Gregor pushed himself into the doorway +without regard for what might happen. One side of his body lifted +itself, he lay at an angle in the doorway, one flank scraped on the +white door and was painfully injured, leaving vile brown flecks on it, +soon he was stuck fast and would not have been able to move at all by +himself, the little legs along one side hung quivering in the air while +those on the other side were pressed painfully against the ground. Then +his father gave him a hefty shove from behind which released him from +where he was held and sent him flying, and heavily bleeding, deep into +his room. The door was slammed shut with the stick, then, finally, all +was quiet. + + + + +II + + +It was not until it was getting dark that evening that Gregor awoke +from his deep and coma-like sleep. He would have woken soon afterwards +anyway even if he hadn’t been disturbed, as he had had enough sleep and +felt fully rested. But he had the impression that some hurried steps +and the sound of the door leading into the front room being carefully +shut had woken him. The light from the electric street lamps shone +palely here and there onto the ceiling and tops of the furniture, but +down below, where Gregor was, it was dark. He pushed himself over to +the door, feeling his way clumsily with his antennae—of which he was +now beginning to learn the value—in order to see what had been +happening there. The whole of his left side seemed like one, painfully +stretched scar, and he limped badly on his two rows of legs. One of the +legs had been badly injured in the events of that morning—it was nearly +a miracle that only one of them had been—and dragged along lifelessly. + +It was only when he had reached the door that he realised what it +actually was that had drawn him over to it; it was the smell of +something to eat. By the door there was a dish filled with sweetened +milk with little pieces of white bread floating in it. He was so +pleased he almost laughed, as he was even hungrier than he had been +that morning, and immediately dipped his head into the milk, nearly +covering his eyes with it. But he soon drew his head back again in +disappointment; not only did the pain in his tender left side make it +difficult to eat the food—he was only able to eat if his whole body +worked together as a snuffling whole—but the milk did not taste at all +nice. Milk like this was normally his favourite drink, and his sister +had certainly left it there for him because of that, but he turned, +almost against his own will, away from the dish and crawled back into +the centre of the room. + +Through the crack in the door, Gregor could see that the gas had been +lit in the living room. His father at this time would normally be sat +with his evening paper, reading it out in a loud voice to Gregor’s +mother, and sometimes to his sister, but there was now not a sound to +be heard. Gregor’s sister would often write and tell him about this +reading, but maybe his father had lost the habit in recent times. It +was so quiet all around too, even though there must have been somebody +in the flat. “What a quiet life it is the family lead”, said Gregor to +himself, and, gazing into the darkness, felt a great pride that he was +able to provide a life like that in such a nice home for his sister and +parents. But what now, if all this peace and wealth and comfort should +come to a horrible and frightening end? That was something that Gregor +did not want to think about too much, so he started to move about, +crawling up and down the room. + +Once during that long evening, the door on one side of the room was +opened very slightly and hurriedly closed again; later on the door on +the other side did the same; it seemed that someone needed to enter the +room but thought better of it. Gregor went and waited immediately by +the door, resolved either to bring the timorous visitor into the room +in some way or at least to find out who it was; but the door was opened +no more that night and Gregor waited in vain. The previous morning +while the doors were locked everyone had wanted to get in there to him, +but now, now that he had opened up one of the doors and the other had +clearly been unlocked some time during the day, no-one came, and the +keys were in the other sides. + +It was not until late at night that the gaslight in the living room was +put out, and now it was easy to see that his parents and sister had +stayed awake all that time, as they all could be distinctly heard as +they went away together on tip-toe. It was clear that no-one would come +into Gregor’s room any more until morning; that gave him plenty of time +to think undisturbed about how he would have to re-arrange his life. +For some reason, the tall, empty room where he was forced to remain +made him feel uneasy as he lay there flat on the floor, even though he +had been living in it for five years. Hardly aware of what he was doing +other than a slight feeling of shame, he hurried under the couch. It +pressed down on his back a little, and he was no longer able to lift +his head, but he nonetheless felt immediately at ease and his only +regret was that his body was too broad to get it all underneath. + +He spent the whole night there. Some of the time he passed in a light +sleep, although he frequently woke from it in alarm because of his +hunger, and some of the time was spent in worries and vague hopes +which, however, always led to the same conclusion: for the time being +he must remain calm, he must show patience and the greatest +consideration so that his family could bear the unpleasantness that he, +in his present condition, was forced to impose on them. + +Gregor soon had the opportunity to test the strength of his decisions, +as early the next morning, almost before the night had ended, his +sister, nearly fully dressed, opened the door from the front room and +looked anxiously in. She did not see him straight away, but when she +did notice him under the couch—he had to be somewhere, for God’s sake, +he couldn’t have flown away—she was so shocked that she lost control of +herself and slammed the door shut again from outside. But she seemed to +regret her behaviour, as she opened the door again straight away and +came in on tip-toe as if entering the room of someone seriously ill or +even of a stranger. Gregor had pushed his head forward, right to the +edge of the couch, and watched her. Would she notice that he had left +the milk as it was, realise that it was not from any lack of hunger and +bring him in some other food that was more suitable? If she didn’t do +it herself he would rather go hungry than draw her attention to it, +although he did feel a terrible urge to rush forward from under the +couch, throw himself at his sister’s feet and beg her for something +good to eat. However, his sister noticed the full dish immediately and +looked at it and the few drops of milk splashed around it with some +surprise. She immediately picked it up—using a rag, not her bare +hands—and carried it out. Gregor was extremely curious as to what she +would bring in its place, imagining the wildest possibilities, but he +never could have guessed what his sister, in her goodness, actually did +bring. In order to test his taste, she brought him a whole selection of +things, all spread out on an old newspaper. There were old, half-rotten +vegetables; bones from the evening meal, covered in white sauce that +had gone hard; a few raisins and almonds; some cheese that Gregor had +declared inedible two days before; a dry roll and some bread spread +with butter and salt. As well as all that she had poured some water +into the dish, which had probably been permanently set aside for +Gregor’s use, and placed it beside them. Then, out of consideration for +Gregor’s feelings, as she knew that he would not eat in front of her, +she hurried out again and even turned the key in the lock so that +Gregor would know he could make things as comfortable for himself as he +liked. Gregor’s little legs whirred, at last he could eat. What’s more, +his injuries must already have completely healed as he found no +difficulty in moving. This amazed him, as more than a month earlier he +had cut his finger slightly with a knife, he thought of how his finger +had still hurt the day before yesterday. “Am I less sensitive than I +used to be, then?”, he thought, and was already sucking greedily at the +cheese which had immediately, almost compellingly, attracted him much +more than the other foods on the newspaper. Quickly one after another, +his eyes watering with pleasure, he consumed the cheese, the vegetables +and the sauce; the fresh foods, on the other hand, he didn’t like at +all, and even dragged the things he did want to eat a little way away +from them because he couldn’t stand the smell. Long after he had +finished eating and lay lethargic in the same place, his sister slowly +turned the key in the lock as a sign to him that he should withdraw. He +was immediately startled, although he had been half asleep, and he +hurried back under the couch. But he needed great self-control to stay +there even for the short time that his sister was in the room, as +eating so much food had rounded out his body a little and he could +hardly breathe in that narrow space. Half suffocating, he watched with +bulging eyes as his sister unselfconsciously took a broom and swept up +the left-overs, mixing them in with the food he had not even touched at +all as if it could not be used any more. She quickly dropped it all +into a bin, closed it with its wooden lid, and carried everything out. +She had hardly turned her back before Gregor came out again from under +the couch and stretched himself. + +This was how Gregor received his food each day now, once in the morning +while his parents and the maid were still asleep, and the second time +after everyone had eaten their meal at midday as his parents would +sleep for a little while then as well, and Gregor’s sister would send +the maid away on some errand. Gregor’s father and mother certainly did +not want him to starve either, but perhaps it would have been more than +they could stand to have any more experience of his feeding than being +told about it, and perhaps his sister wanted to spare them what +distress she could as they were indeed suffering enough. + +It was impossible for Gregor to find out what they had told the doctor +and the locksmith that first morning to get them out of the flat. As +nobody could understand him, nobody, not even his sister, thought that +he could understand them, so he had to be content to hear his sister’s +sighs and appeals to the saints as she moved about his room. It was +only later, when she had become a little more used to everything—there +was, of course, no question of her ever becoming fully used to the +situation—that Gregor would sometimes catch a friendly comment, or at +least a comment that could be construed as friendly. “He’s enjoyed his +dinner today”, she might say when he had diligently cleared away all +the food left for him, or if he left most of it, which slowly became +more and more frequent, she would often say, sadly, “now everything’s +just been left there again”. + +Although Gregor wasn’t able to hear any news directly he did listen to +much of what was said in the next rooms, and whenever he heard anyone +speaking he would scurry straight to the appropriate door and press his +whole body against it. There was seldom any conversation, especially at +first, that was not about him in some way, even if only in secret. For +two whole days, all the talk at every mealtime was about what they +should do now; but even between meals they spoke about the same subject +as there were always at least two members of the family at home—nobody +wanted to be at home by themselves and it was out of the question to +leave the flat entirely empty. And on the very first day the maid had +fallen to her knees and begged Gregor’s mother to let her go without +delay. It was not very clear how much she knew of what had happened but +she left within a quarter of an hour, tearfully thanking Gregor’s +mother for her dismissal as if she had done her an enormous service. +She even swore emphatically not to tell anyone the slightest about what +had happened, even though no-one had asked that of her. + +Now Gregor’s sister also had to help his mother with the cooking; +although that was not so much bother as no-one ate very much. Gregor +often heard how one of them would unsuccessfully urge another to eat, +and receive no more answer than “no thanks, I’ve had enough” or +something similar. No-one drank very much either. His sister would +sometimes ask his father whether he would like a beer, hoping for the +chance to go and fetch it herself. When his father then said nothing +she would add, so that he would not feel selfish, that she could send +the housekeeper for it, but then his father would close the matter with +a big, loud “No”, and no more would be said. + +Even before the first day had come to an end, his father had explained +to Gregor’s mother and sister what their finances and prospects were. +Now and then he stood up from the table and took some receipt or +document from the little cash box he had saved from his business when +it had collapsed five years earlier. Gregor heard how he opened the +complicated lock and then closed it again after he had taken the item +he wanted. What he heard his father say was some of the first good news +that Gregor heard since he had first been incarcerated in his room. He +had thought that nothing at all remained from his father’s business, at +least he had never told him anything different, and Gregor had never +asked him about it anyway. Their business misfortune had reduced the +family to a state of total despair, and Gregor’s only concern at that +time had been to arrange things so that they could all forget about it +as quickly as possible. So then he started working especially hard, +with a fiery vigour that raised him from a junior salesman to a +travelling representative almost overnight, bringing with it the chance +to earn money in quite different ways. Gregor converted his success at +work straight into cash that he could lay on the table at home for the +benefit of his astonished and delighted family. They had been good +times and they had never come again, at least not with the same +splendour, even though Gregor had later earned so much that he was in a +position to bear the costs of the whole family, and did bear them. They +had even got used to it, both Gregor and the family, they took the +money with gratitude and he was glad to provide it, although there was +no longer much warm affection given in return. Gregor only remained +close to his sister now. Unlike him, she was very fond of music and a +gifted and expressive violinist, it was his secret plan to send her to +the conservatory next year even though it would cause great expense +that would have to be made up for in some other way. During Gregor’s +short periods in town, conversation with his sister would often turn to +the conservatory but it was only ever mentioned as a lovely dream that +could never be realised. Their parents did not like to hear this +innocent talk, but Gregor thought about it quite hard and decided he +would let them know what he planned with a grand announcement of it on +Christmas day. + +That was the sort of totally pointless thing that went through his mind +in his present state, pressed upright against the door and listening. +There were times when he simply became too tired to continue listening, +when his head would fall wearily against the door and he would pull it +up again with a start, as even the slightest noise he caused would be +heard next door and they would all go silent. “What’s that he’s doing +now”, his father would say after a while, clearly having gone over to +the door, and only then would the interrupted conversation slowly be +taken up again. + +When explaining things, his father repeated himself several times, +partly because it was a long time since he had been occupied with these +matters himself and partly because Gregor’s mother did not understand +everything the first time. From these repeated explanations Gregor +learned, to his pleasure, that despite all their misfortunes there was +still some money available from the old days. It was not a lot, but it +had not been touched in the meantime and some interest had accumulated. +Besides that, they had not been using up all the money that Gregor had +been bringing home every month, keeping only a little for himself, so +that that, too, had been accumulating. Behind the door, Gregor nodded +with enthusiasm in his pleasure at this unexpected thrift and caution. +He could actually have used this surplus money to reduce his father’s +debt to his boss, and the day when he could have freed himself from +that job would have come much closer, but now it was certainly better +the way his father had done things. + +This money, however, was certainly not enough to enable the family to +live off the interest; it was enough to maintain them for, perhaps, one +or two years, no more. That’s to say, it was money that should not +really be touched but set aside for emergencies; money to live on had +to be earned. His father was healthy but old, and lacking in self +confidence. During the five years that he had not been working—the +first holiday in a life that had been full of strain and no success—he +had put on a lot of weight and become very slow and clumsy. Would +Gregor’s elderly mother now have to go and earn money? She suffered +from asthma and it was a strain for her just to move about the home, +every other day would be spent struggling for breath on the sofa by the +open window. Would his sister have to go and earn money? She was still +a child of seventeen, her life up till then had been very enviable, +consisting of wearing nice clothes, sleeping late, helping out in the +business, joining in with a few modest pleasures and most of all +playing the violin. Whenever they began to talk of the need to earn +money, Gregor would always first let go of the door and then throw +himself onto the cool, leather sofa next to it, as he became quite hot +with shame and regret. + +He would often lie there the whole night through, not sleeping a wink +but scratching at the leather for hours on end. Or he might go to all +the effort of pushing a chair to the window, climbing up onto the sill +and, propped up in the chair, leaning on the window to stare out of it. +He had used to feel a great sense of freedom from doing this, but doing +it now was obviously something more remembered than experienced, as +what he actually saw in this way was becoming less distinct every day, +even things that were quite near; he had used to curse the ever-present +view of the hospital across the street, but now he could not see it at +all, and if he had not known that he lived in Charlottenstrasse, which +was a quiet street despite being in the middle of the city, he could +have thought that he was looking out the window at a barren waste where +the grey sky and the grey earth mingled inseparably. His observant +sister only needed to notice the chair twice before she would always +push it back to its exact position by the window after she had tidied +up the room, and even left the inner pane of the window open from then +on. + +If Gregor had only been able to speak to his sister and thank her for +all that she had to do for him it would have been easier for him to +bear it; but as it was it caused him pain. His sister, naturally, tried +as far as possible to pretend there was nothing burdensome about it, +and the longer it went on, of course, the better she was able to do so, +but as time went by Gregor was also able to see through it all so much +better. It had even become very unpleasant for him, now, whenever she +entered the room. No sooner had she come in than she would quickly +close the door as a precaution so that no-one would have to suffer the +view into Gregor’s room, then she would go straight to the window and +pull it hurriedly open almost as if she were suffocating. Even if it +was cold, she would stay at the window breathing deeply for a little +while. She would alarm Gregor twice a day with this running about and +noise making; he would stay under the couch shivering the whole while, +knowing full well that she would certainly have liked to spare him this +ordeal, but it was impossible for her to be in the same room with him +with the windows closed. + +One day, about a month after Gregor’s transformation when his sister no +longer had any particular reason to be shocked at his appearance, she +came into the room a little earlier than usual and found him still +staring out the window, motionless, and just where he would be most +horrible. In itself, his sister’s not coming into the room would have +been no surprise for Gregor as it would have been difficult for her to +immediately open the window while he was still there, but not only did +she not come in, she went straight back and closed the door behind her, +a stranger would have thought he had threatened her and tried to bite +her. Gregor went straight to hide himself under the couch, of course, +but he had to wait until midday before his sister came back and she +seemed much more uneasy than usual. It made him realise that she still +found his appearance unbearable and would continue to do so, she +probably even had to overcome the urge to flee when she saw the little +bit of him that protruded from under the couch. One day, in order to +spare her even this sight, he spent four hours carrying the bedsheet +over to the couch on his back and arranged it so that he was completely +covered and his sister would not be able to see him even if she bent +down. If she did not think this sheet was necessary then all she had to +do was take it off again, as it was clear enough that it was no +pleasure for Gregor to cut himself off so completely. She left the +sheet where it was. Gregor even thought he glimpsed a look of gratitude +one time when he carefully looked out from under the sheet to see how +his sister liked the new arrangement. + +For the first fourteen days, Gregor’s parents could not bring +themselves to come into the room to see him. He would often hear them +say how they appreciated all the new work his sister was doing even +though, before, they had seen her as a girl who was somewhat useless +and frequently been annoyed with her. But now the two of them, father +and mother, would often both wait outside the door of Gregor’s room +while his sister tidied up in there, and as soon as she went out again +she would have to tell them exactly how everything looked, what Gregor +had eaten, how he had behaved this time and whether, perhaps, any +slight improvement could be seen. His mother also wanted to go in and +visit Gregor relatively soon but his father and sister at first +persuaded her against it. Gregor listened very closely to all this, and +approved fully. Later, though, she had to be held back by force, which +made her call out: “Let me go and see Gregor, he is my unfortunate son! +Can’t you understand I have to see him?”, and Gregor would think to +himself that maybe it would be better if his mother came in, not every +day of course, but one day a week, perhaps; she could understand +everything much better than his sister who, for all her courage, was +still just a child after all, and really might not have had an adult’s +appreciation of the burdensome job she had taken on. + +Gregor’s wish to see his mother was soon realised. Out of consideration +for his parents, Gregor wanted to avoid being seen at the window during +the day, the few square meters of the floor did not give him much room +to crawl about, it was hard to just lie quietly through the night, his +food soon stopped giving him any pleasure at all, and so, to entertain +himself, he got into the habit of crawling up and down the walls and +ceiling. He was especially fond of hanging from the ceiling; it was +quite different from lying on the floor; he could breathe more freely; +his body had a light swing to it; and up there, relaxed and almost +happy, it might happen that he would surprise even himself by letting +go of the ceiling and landing on the floor with a crash. But now, of +course, he had far better control of his body than before and, even +with a fall as great as that, caused himself no damage. Very soon his +sister noticed Gregor’s new way of entertaining himself—he had, after +all, left traces of the adhesive from his feet as he crawled about—and +got it into her head to make it as easy as possible for him by removing +the furniture that got in his way, especially the chest of drawers and +the desk. Now, this was not something that she would be able to do by +herself; she did not dare to ask for help from her father; the sixteen +year old maid had carried on bravely since the cook had left but she +certainly would not have helped in this, she had even asked to be +allowed to keep the kitchen locked at all times and never to have to +open the door unless it was especially important; so his sister had no +choice but to choose some time when Gregor’s father was not there and +fetch his mother to help her. As she approached the room, Gregor could +hear his mother express her joy, but once at the door she went silent. +First, of course, his sister came in and looked round to see that +everything in the room was alright; and only then did she let her +mother enter. Gregor had hurriedly pulled the sheet down lower over the +couch and put more folds into it so that everything really looked as if +it had just been thrown down by chance. Gregor also refrained, this +time, from spying out from under the sheet; he gave up the chance to +see his mother until later and was simply glad that she had come. “You +can come in, he can’t be seen”, said his sister, obviously leading her +in by the hand. The old chest of drawers was too heavy for a pair of +feeble women to be heaving about, but Gregor listened as they pushed it +from its place, his sister always taking on the heaviest part of the +work for herself and ignoring her mother’s warnings that she would +strain herself. This lasted a very long time. After labouring at it for +fifteen minutes or more his mother said it would be better to leave the +chest where it was, for one thing it was too heavy for them to get the +job finished before Gregor’s father got home and leaving it in the +middle of the room it would be in his way even more, and for another +thing it wasn’t even sure that taking the furniture away would really +be any help to him. She thought just the opposite; the sight of the +bare walls saddened her right to her heart; and why wouldn’t Gregor +feel the same way about it, he’d been used to this furniture in his +room for a long time and it would make him feel abandoned to be in an +empty room like that. Then, quietly, almost whispering as if wanting +Gregor (whose whereabouts she did not know) to hear not even the tone +of her voice, as she was convinced that he did not understand her +words, she added “and by taking the furniture away, won’t it seem like +we’re showing that we’ve given up all hope of improvement and we’re +abandoning him to cope for himself? I think it’d be best to leave the +room exactly the way it was before so that when Gregor comes back to us +again he’ll find everything unchanged and he’ll be able to forget the +time in between all the easier”. + +Hearing these words from his mother made Gregor realise that the lack +of any direct human communication, along with the monotonous life led +by the family during these two months, must have made him confused—he +could think of no other way of explaining to himself why he had +seriously wanted his room emptied out. Had he really wanted to +transform his room into a cave, a warm room fitted out with the nice +furniture he had inherited? That would have let him crawl around +unimpeded in any direction, but it would also have let him quickly +forget his past when he had still been human. He had come very close to +forgetting, and it had only been the voice of his mother, unheard for +so long, that had shaken him out of it. Nothing should be removed; +everything had to stay; he could not do without the good influence the +furniture had on his condition; and if the furniture made it difficult +for him to crawl about mindlessly that was not a loss but a great +advantage. + +His sister, unfortunately, did not agree; she had become used to the +idea, not without reason, that she was Gregor’s spokesman to his +parents about the things that concerned him. This meant that his +mother’s advice now was sufficient reason for her to insist on removing +not only the chest of drawers and the desk, as she had thought at +first, but all the furniture apart from the all-important couch. It was +more than childish perversity, of course, or the unexpected confidence +she had recently acquired, that made her insist; she had indeed noticed +that Gregor needed a lot of room to crawl about in, whereas the +furniture, as far as anyone could see, was of no use to him at all. +Girls of that age, though, do become enthusiastic about things and feel +they must get their way whenever they can. Perhaps this was what +tempted Grete to make Gregor’s situation seem even more shocking than +it was so that she could do even more for him. Grete would probably be +the only one who would dare enter a room dominated by Gregor crawling +about the bare walls by himself. + +So she refused to let her mother dissuade her. Gregor’s mother already +looked uneasy in his room, she soon stopped speaking and helped +Gregor’s sister to get the chest of drawers out with what strength she +had. The chest of drawers was something that Gregor could do without if +he had to, but the writing desk had to stay. Hardly had the two women +pushed the chest of drawers, groaning, out of the room than Gregor +poked his head out from under the couch to see what he could do about +it. He meant to be as careful and considerate as he could, but, +unfortunately, it was his mother who came back first while Grete in the +next room had her arms round the chest, pushing and pulling at it from +side to side by herself without, of course, moving it an inch. His +mother was not used to the sight of Gregor, he might have made her ill, +so Gregor hurried backwards to the far end of the couch. In his +startlement, though, he was not able to prevent the sheet at its front +from moving a little. It was enough to attract his mother’s attention. +She stood very still, remained there a moment, and then went back out +to Grete. + +Gregor kept trying to assure himself that nothing unusual was +happening, it was just a few pieces of furniture being moved after all, +but he soon had to admit that the women going to and fro, their little +calls to each other, the scraping of the furniture on the floor, all +these things made him feel as if he were being assailed from all sides. +With his head and legs pulled in against him and his body pressed to +the floor, he was forced to admit to himself that he could not stand +all of this much longer. They were emptying his room out; taking away +everything that was dear to him; they had already taken out the chest +containing his fretsaw and other tools; now they threatened to remove +the writing desk with its place clearly worn into the floor, the desk +where he had done his homework as a business trainee, at high school, +even while he had been at infant school—he really could not wait any +longer to see whether the two women’s intentions were good. He had +nearly forgotten they were there anyway, as they were now too tired to +say anything while they worked and he could only hear their feet as +they stepped heavily on the floor. + +So, while the women were leant against the desk in the other room +catching their breath, he sallied out, changed direction four times not +knowing what he should save first before his attention was suddenly +caught by the picture on the wall—which was already denuded of +everything else that had been on it—of the lady dressed in copious fur. +He hurried up onto the picture and pressed himself against its glass, +it held him firmly and felt good on his hot belly. This picture at +least, now totally covered by Gregor, would certainly be taken away by +no-one. He turned his head to face the door into the living room so +that he could watch the women when they came back. + +They had not allowed themselves a long rest and came back quite soon; +Grete had put her arm around her mother and was nearly carrying her. +“What shall we take now, then?”, said Grete and looked around. Her eyes +met those of Gregor on the wall. Perhaps only because her mother was +there, she remained calm, bent her face to her so that she would not +look round and said, albeit hurriedly and with a tremor in her voice: +“Come on, let’s go back in the living room for a while?” Gregor could +see what Grete had in mind, she wanted to take her mother somewhere +safe and then chase him down from the wall. Well, she could certainly +try it! He sat unyielding on his picture. He would rather jump at +Grete’s face. + +But Grete’s words had made her mother quite worried, she stepped to one +side, saw the enormous brown patch against the flowers of the +wallpaper, and before she even realised it was Gregor that she saw +screamed: “Oh God, oh God!” Arms outstretched, she fell onto the couch +as if she had given up everything and stayed there immobile. “Gregor!” +shouted his sister, glowering at him and shaking her fist. That was the +first word she had spoken to him directly since his transformation. She +ran into the other room to fetch some kind of smelling salts to bring +her mother out of her faint; Gregor wanted to help too—he could save +his picture later, although he stuck fast to the glass and had to pull +himself off by force; then he, too, ran into the next room as if he +could advise his sister like in the old days; but he had to just stand +behind her doing nothing; she was looking into various bottles, he +startled her when she turned round; a bottle fell to the ground and +broke; a splinter cut Gregor’s face, some kind of caustic medicine +splashed all over him; now, without delaying any longer, Grete took +hold of all the bottles she could and ran with them in to her mother; +she slammed the door shut with her foot. So now Gregor was shut out +from his mother, who, because of him, might be near to death; he could +not open the door if he did not want to chase his sister away, and she +had to stay with his mother; there was nothing for him to do but wait; +and, oppressed with anxiety and self-reproach, he began to crawl about, +he crawled over everything, walls, furniture, ceiling, and finally in +his confusion as the whole room began to spin around him he fell down +into the middle of the dinner table. + +He lay there for a while, numb and immobile, all around him it was +quiet, maybe that was a good sign. Then there was someone at the door. +The maid, of course, had locked herself in her kitchen so that Grete +would have to go and answer it. His father had arrived home. “What’s +happened?” were his first words; Grete’s appearance must have made +everything clear to him. She answered him with subdued voice, and +openly pressed her face into his chest: “Mother’s fainted, but she’s +better now. Gregor got out.” “Just as I expected”, said his father, +“just as I always said, but you women wouldn’t listen, would you.” It +was clear to Gregor that Grete had not said enough and that his father +took it to mean that something bad had happened, that he was +responsible for some act of violence. That meant Gregor would now have +to try to calm his father, as he did not have the time to explain +things to him even if that had been possible. So he fled to the door of +his room and pressed himself against it so that his father, when he +came in from the hall, could see straight away that Gregor had the best +intentions and would go back into his room without delay, that it would +not be necessary to drive him back but that they had only to open the +door and he would disappear. + +His father, though, was not in the mood to notice subtleties like that; +“Ah!”, he shouted as he came in, sounding as if he were both angry and +glad at the same time. Gregor drew his head back from the door and +lifted it towards his father. He really had not imagined his father the +way he stood there now; of late, with his new habit of crawling about, +he had neglected to pay attention to what was going on the rest of the +flat the way he had done before. He really ought to have expected +things to have changed, but still, still, was that really his father? +The same tired man as used to be laying there entombed in his bed when +Gregor came back from his business trips, who would receive him sitting +in the armchair in his nightgown when he came back in the evenings; who +was hardly even able to stand up but, as a sign of his pleasure, would +just raise his arms and who, on the couple of times a year when they +went for a walk together on a Sunday or public holiday wrapped up +tightly in his overcoat between Gregor and his mother, would always +labour his way forward a little more slowly than them, who were already +walking slowly for his sake; who would place his stick down carefully +and, if he wanted to say something would invariably stop and gather his +companions around him. He was standing up straight enough now; dressed +in a smart blue uniform with gold buttons, the sort worn by the +employees at the banking institute; above the high, stiff collar of the +coat his strong double-chin emerged; under the bushy eyebrows, his +piercing, dark eyes looked out fresh and alert; his normally unkempt +white hair was combed down painfully close to his scalp. He took his +cap, with its gold monogram from, probably, some bank, and threw it in +an arc right across the room onto the sofa, put his hands in his +trouser pockets, pushing back the bottom of his long uniform coat, and, +with look of determination, walked towards Gregor. He probably did not +even know himself what he had in mind, but nonetheless lifted his feet +unusually high. Gregor was amazed at the enormous size of the soles of +his boots, but wasted no time with that—he knew full well, right from +the first day of his new life, that his father thought it necessary to +always be extremely strict with him. And so he ran up to his father, +stopped when his father stopped, scurried forwards again when he moved, +even slightly. In this way they went round the room several times +without anything decisive happening, without even giving the impression +of a chase as everything went so slowly. Gregor remained all this time +on the floor, largely because he feared his father might see it as +especially provoking if he fled onto the wall or ceiling. Whatever he +did, Gregor had to admit that he certainly would not be able to keep up +this running about for long, as for each step his father took he had to +carry out countless movements. He became noticeably short of breath, +even in his earlier life his lungs had not been very reliable. Now, as +he lurched about in his efforts to muster all the strength he could for +running he could hardly keep his eyes open; his thoughts became too +slow for him to think of any other way of saving himself than running; +he almost forgot that the walls were there for him to use although, +here, they were concealed behind carefully carved furniture full of +notches and protrusions—then, right beside him, lightly tossed, +something flew down and rolled in front of him. It was an apple; then +another one immediately flew at him; Gregor froze in shock; there was +no longer any point in running as his father had decided to bombard +him. He had filled his pockets with fruit from the bowl on the +sideboard and now, without even taking the time for careful aim, threw +one apple after another. These little, red apples rolled about on the +floor, knocking into each other as if they had electric motors. An +apple thrown without much force glanced against Gregor’s back and slid +off without doing any harm. Another one however, immediately following +it, hit squarely and lodged in his back; Gregor wanted to drag himself +away, as if he could remove the surprising, the incredible pain by +changing his position; but he felt as if nailed to the spot and spread +himself out, all his senses in confusion. The last thing he saw was the +door of his room being pulled open, his sister was screaming, his +mother ran out in front of her in her blouse (as his sister had taken +off some of her clothes after she had fainted to make it easier for her +to breathe), she ran to his father, her skirts unfastened and sliding +one after another to the ground, stumbling over the skirts she pushed +herself to his father, her arms around him, uniting herself with him +totally—now Gregor lost his ability to see anything—her hands behind +his father’s head begging him to spare Gregor’s life. + + + + +III + + +No-one dared to remove the apple lodged in Gregor’s flesh, so it +remained there as a visible reminder of his injury. He had suffered it +there for more than a month, and his condition seemed serious enough to +remind even his father that Gregor, despite his current sad and +revolting form, was a family member who could not be treated as an +enemy. On the contrary, as a family there was a duty to swallow any +revulsion for him and to be patient, just to be patient. + +Because of his injuries, Gregor had lost much of his mobility—probably +permanently. He had been reduced to the condition of an ancient invalid +and it took him long, long minutes to crawl across his room—crawling +over the ceiling was out of the question—but this deterioration in his +condition was fully (in his opinion) made up for by the door to the +living room being left open every evening. He got into the habit of +closely watching it for one or two hours before it was opened and then, +lying in the darkness of his room where he could not be seen from the +living room, he could watch the family in the light of the dinner table +and listen to their conversation—with everyone’s permission, in a way, +and thus quite differently from before. + +They no longer held the lively conversations of earlier times, of +course, the ones that Gregor always thought about with longing when he +was tired and getting into the damp bed in some small hotel room. All +of them were usually very quiet nowadays. Soon after dinner, his father +would go to sleep in his chair; his mother and sister would urge each +other to be quiet; his mother, bent deeply under the lamp, would sew +fancy underwear for a fashion shop; his sister, who had taken a sales +job, learned shorthand and French in the evenings so that she might be +able to get a better position later on. Sometimes his father would wake +up and say to Gregor’s mother “you’re doing so much sewing again +today!”, as if he did not know that he had been dozing—and then he +would go back to sleep again while mother and sister would exchange a +tired grin. + +With a kind of stubbornness, Gregor’s father refused to take his +uniform off even at home; while his nightgown hung unused on its peg +Gregor’s father would slumber where he was, fully dressed, as if always +ready to serve and expecting to hear the voice of his superior even +here. The uniform had not been new to start with, but as a result of +this it slowly became even shabbier despite the efforts of Gregor’s +mother and sister to look after it. Gregor would often spend the whole +evening looking at all the stains on this coat, with its gold buttons +always kept polished and shiny, while the old man in it would sleep, +highly uncomfortable but peaceful. + +As soon as it struck ten, Gregor’s mother would speak gently to his +father to wake him and try to persuade him to go to bed, as he couldn’t +sleep properly where he was and he really had to get his sleep if he +was to be up at six to get to work. But since he had been in work he +had become more obstinate and would always insist on staying longer at +the table, even though he regularly fell asleep and it was then harder +than ever to persuade him to exchange the chair for his bed. Then, +however much mother and sister would importune him with little +reproaches and warnings he would keep slowly shaking his head for a +quarter of an hour with his eyes closed and refusing to get up. +Gregor’s mother would tug at his sleeve, whisper endearments into his +ear, Gregor’s sister would leave her work to help her mother, but +nothing would have any effect on him. He would just sink deeper into +his chair. Only when the two women took him under the arms he would +abruptly open his eyes, look at them one after the other and say: “What +a life! This is what peace I get in my old age!” And supported by the +two women he would lift himself up carefully as if he were carrying the +greatest load himself, let the women take him to the door, send them +off and carry on by himself while Gregor’s mother would throw down her +needle and his sister her pen so that they could run after his father +and continue being of help to him. + +Who, in this tired and overworked family, would have had time to give +more attention to Gregor than was absolutely necessary? The household +budget became even smaller; so now the maid was dismissed; an enormous, +thick-boned charwoman with white hair that flapped around her head came +every morning and evening to do the heaviest work; everything else was +looked after by Gregor’s mother on top of the large amount of sewing +work she did. Gregor even learned, listening to the evening +conversation about what price they had hoped for, that several items of +jewellery belonging to the family had been sold, even though both +mother and sister had been very fond of wearing them at functions and +celebrations. But the loudest complaint was that although the flat was +much too big for their present circumstances, they could not move out +of it, there was no imaginable way of transferring Gregor to the new +address. He could see quite well, though, that there were more reasons +than consideration for him that made it difficult for them to move, it +would have been quite easy to transport him in any suitable crate with +a few air holes in it; the main thing holding the family back from +their decision to move was much more to do with their total despair, +and the thought that they had been struck with a misfortune unlike +anything experienced by anyone else they knew or were related to. They +carried out absolutely everything that the world expects from poor +people, Gregor’s father brought bank employees their breakfast, his +mother sacrificed herself by washing clothes for strangers, his sister +ran back and forth behind her desk at the behest of the customers, but +they just did not have the strength to do any more. And the injury in +Gregor’s back began to hurt as much as when it was new. After they had +come back from taking his father to bed Gregor’s mother and sister +would now leave their work where it was and sit close together, cheek +to cheek; his mother would point to Gregor’s room and say “Close that +door, Grete”, and then, when he was in the dark again, they would sit +in the next room and their tears would mingle, or they would simply sit +there staring dry-eyed at the table. + +Gregor hardly slept at all, either night or day. Sometimes he would +think of taking over the family’s affairs, just like before, the next +time the door was opened; he had long forgotten about his boss and the +chief clerk, but they would appear again in his thoughts, the salesmen +and the apprentices, that stupid teaboy, two or three friends from +other businesses, one of the chambermaids from a provincial hotel, a +tender memory that appeared and disappeared again, a cashier from a hat +shop for whom his attention had been serious but too slow,—all of them +appeared to him, mixed together with strangers and others he had +forgotten, but instead of helping him and his family they were all of +them inaccessible, and he was glad when they disappeared. Other times +he was not at all in the mood to look after his family, he was filled +with simple rage about the lack of attention he was shown, and although +he could think of nothing he would have wanted, he made plans of how he +could get into the pantry where he could take all the things he was +entitled to, even if he was not hungry. Gregor’s sister no longer +thought about how she could please him but would hurriedly push some +food or other into his room with her foot before she rushed out to work +in the morning and at midday, and in the evening she would sweep it +away again with the broom, indifferent as to whether it had been eaten +or—more often than not—had been left totally untouched. She still +cleared up the room in the evening, but now she could not have been any +quicker about it. Smears of dirt were left on the walls, here and there +were little balls of dust and filth. At first, Gregor went into one of +the worst of these places when his sister arrived as a reproach to her, +but he could have stayed there for weeks without his sister doing +anything about it; she could see the dirt as well as he could but she +had simply decided to leave him to it. At the same time she became +touchy in a way that was quite new for her and which everyone in the +family understood—cleaning up Gregor’s room was for her and her alone. +Gregor’s mother did once thoroughly clean his room, and needed to use +several bucketfuls of water to do it—although that much dampness also +made Gregor ill and he lay flat on the couch, bitter and immobile. But +his mother was to be punished still more for what she had done, as +hardly had his sister arrived home in the evening than she noticed the +change in Gregor’s room and, highly aggrieved, ran back into the living +room where, despite her mothers raised and imploring hands, she broke +into convulsive tears. Her father, of course, was startled out of his +chair and the two parents looked on astonished and helpless; then they, +too, became agitated; Gregor’s father, standing to the right of his +mother, accused her of not leaving the cleaning of Gregor’s room to his +sister; from her left, Gregor’s sister screamed at her that she was +never to clean Gregor’s room again; while his mother tried to draw his +father, who was beside himself with anger, into the bedroom; his +sister, quaking with tears, thumped on the table with her small fists; +and Gregor hissed in anger that no-one had even thought of closing the +door to save him the sight of this and all its noise. + +Gregor’s sister was exhausted from going out to work, and looking after +Gregor as she had done before was even more work for her, but even so +his mother ought certainly not to have taken her place. Gregor, on the +other hand, ought not to be neglected. Now, though, the charwoman was +here. This elderly widow, with a robust bone structure that made her +able to withstand the hardest of things in her long life, wasn’t really +repelled by Gregor. Just by chance one day, rather than any real +curiosity, she opened the door to Gregor’s room and found herself face +to face with him. He was taken totally by surprise, no-one was chasing +him but he began to rush to and fro while she just stood there in +amazement with her hands crossed in front of her. From then on she +never failed to open the door slightly every evening and morning and +look briefly in on him. At first she would call to him as she did so +with words that she probably considered friendly, such as “come on +then, you old dung-beetle!”, or “look at the old dung-beetle there!” +Gregor never responded to being spoken to in that way, but just +remained where he was without moving as if the door had never even been +opened. If only they had told this charwoman to clean up his room every +day instead of letting her disturb him for no reason whenever she felt +like it! One day, early in the morning while a heavy rain struck the +windowpanes, perhaps indicating that spring was coming, she began to +speak to him in that way once again. Gregor was so resentful of it that +he started to move toward her, he was slow and infirm, but it was like +a kind of attack. Instead of being afraid, the charwoman just lifted up +one of the chairs from near the door and stood there with her mouth +open, clearly intending not to close her mouth until the chair in her +hand had been slammed down into Gregor’s back. “Aren’t you coming any +closer, then?”, she asked when Gregor turned round again, and she +calmly put the chair back in the corner. + +Gregor had almost entirely stopped eating. Only if he happened to find +himself next to the food that had been prepared for him he might take +some of it into his mouth to play with it, leave it there a few hours +and then, more often than not, spit it out again. At first he thought +it was distress at the state of his room that stopped him eating, but +he had soon got used to the changes made there. They had got into the +habit of putting things into this room that they had no room for +anywhere else, and there were now many such things as one of the rooms +in the flat had been rented out to three gentlemen. These earnest +gentlemen—all three of them had full beards, as Gregor learned peering +through the crack in the door one day—were painfully insistent on +things’ being tidy. This meant not only in their own room but, since +they had taken a room in this establishment, in the entire flat and +especially in the kitchen. Unnecessary clutter was something they could +not tolerate, especially if it was dirty. They had moreover brought +most of their own furnishings and equipment with them. For this reason, +many things had become superfluous which, although they could not be +sold, the family did not wish to discard. All these things found their +way into Gregor’s room. The dustbins from the kitchen found their way +in there too. The charwoman was always in a hurry, and anything she +couldn’t use for the time being she would just chuck in there. He, +fortunately, would usually see no more than the object and the hand +that held it. The woman most likely meant to fetch the things back out +again when she had time and the opportunity, or to throw everything out +in one go, but what actually happened was that they were left where +they landed when they had first been thrown unless Gregor made his way +through the junk and moved it somewhere else. At first he moved it +because, with no other room free where he could crawl about, he was +forced to, but later on he came to enjoy it although moving about in +that way left him sad and tired to death, and he would remain immobile +for hours afterwards. + +The gentlemen who rented the room would sometimes take their evening +meal at home in the living room that was used by everyone, and so the +door to this room was often kept closed in the evening. But Gregor +found it easy to give up having the door open, he had, after all, often +failed to make use of it when it was open and, without the family +having noticed it, lain in his room in its darkest corner. One time, +though, the charwoman left the door to the living room slightly open, +and it remained open when the gentlemen who rented the room came in in +the evening and the light was put on. They sat up at the table where, +formerly, Gregor had taken his meals with his father and mother, they +unfolded the serviettes and picked up their knives and forks. Gregor’s +mother immediately appeared in the doorway with a dish of meat and soon +behind her came his sister with a dish piled high with potatoes. The +food was steaming, and filled the room with its smell. The gentlemen +bent over the dishes set in front of them as if they wanted to test the +food before eating it, and the gentleman in the middle, who seemed to +count as an authority for the other two, did indeed cut off a piece of +meat while it was still in its dish, clearly wishing to establish +whether it was sufficiently cooked or whether it should be sent back to +the kitchen. It was to his satisfaction, and Gregor’s mother and +sister, who had been looking on anxiously, began to breathe again and +smiled. + +The family themselves ate in the kitchen. Nonetheless, Gregor’s father +came into the living room before he went into the kitchen, bowed once +with his cap in his hand and did his round of the table. The gentlemen +stood as one, and mumbled something into their beards. Then, once they +were alone, they ate in near perfect silence. It seemed remarkable to +Gregor that above all the various noises of eating their chewing teeth +could still be heard, as if they had wanted to show Gregor that you +need teeth in order to eat and it was not possible to perform anything +with jaws that are toothless however nice they might be. “I’d like to +eat something”, said Gregor anxiously, “but not anything like they’re +eating. They do feed themselves. And here I am, dying!” + +Throughout all this time, Gregor could not remember having heard the +violin being played, but this evening it began to be heard from the +kitchen. The three gentlemen had already finished their meal, the one +in the middle had produced a newspaper, given a page to each of the +others, and now they leant back in their chairs reading them and +smoking. When the violin began playing they became attentive, stood up +and went on tip-toe over to the door of the hallway where they stood +pressed against each other. Someone must have heard them in the +kitchen, as Gregor’s father called out: “Is the playing perhaps +unpleasant for the gentlemen? We can stop it straight away.” “On the +contrary”, said the middle gentleman, “would the young lady not like to +come in and play for us here in the room, where it is, after all, much +more cosy and comfortable?” “Oh yes, we’d love to”, called back +Gregor’s father as if he had been the violin player himself. The +gentlemen stepped back into the room and waited. Gregor’s father soon +appeared with the music stand, his mother with the music and his sister +with the violin. She calmly prepared everything for her to begin +playing; his parents, who had never rented a room out before and +therefore showed an exaggerated courtesy towards the three gentlemen, +did not even dare to sit on their own chairs; his father leant against +the door with his right hand pushed in between two buttons on his +uniform coat; his mother, though, was offered a seat by one of the +gentlemen and sat—leaving the chair where the gentleman happened to +have placed it—out of the way in a corner. + +His sister began to play; father and mother paid close attention, one +on each side, to the movements of her hands. Drawn in by the playing, +Gregor had dared to come forward a little and already had his head in +the living room. Before, he had taken great pride in how considerate he +was but now it hardly occurred to him that he had become so thoughtless +about the others. What’s more, there was now all the more reason to +keep himself hidden as he was covered in the dust that lay everywhere +in his room and flew up at the slightest movement; he carried threads, +hairs, and remains of food about on his back and sides; he was much too +indifferent to everything now to lay on his back and wipe himself on +the carpet like he had used to do several times a day. And despite this +condition, he was not too shy to move forward a little onto the +immaculate floor of the living room. + +No-one noticed him, though. The family was totally preoccupied with the +violin playing; at first, the three gentlemen had put their hands in +their pockets and come up far too close behind the music stand to look +at all the notes being played, and they must have disturbed Gregor’s +sister, but soon, in contrast with the family, they withdrew back to +the window with their heads sunk and talking to each other at half +volume, and they stayed by the window while Gregor’s father observed +them anxiously. It really now seemed very obvious that they had +expected to hear some beautiful or entertaining violin playing but had +been disappointed, that they had had enough of the whole performance +and it was only now out of politeness that they allowed their peace to +be disturbed. It was especially unnerving, the way they all blew the +smoke from their cigarettes upwards from their mouth and noses. Yet +Gregor’s sister was playing so beautifully. Her face was leant to one +side, following the lines of music with a careful and melancholy +expression. Gregor crawled a little further forward, keeping his head +close to the ground so that he could meet her eyes if the chance came. +Was he an animal if music could captivate him so? It seemed to him that +he was being shown the way to the unknown nourishment he had been +yearning for. He was determined to make his way forward to his sister +and tug at her skirt to show her she might come into his room with her +violin, as no-one appreciated her playing here as much as he would. He +never wanted to let her out of his room, not while he lived, anyway; +his shocking appearance should, for once, be of some use to him; he +wanted to be at every door of his room at once to hiss and spit at the +attackers; his sister should not be forced to stay with him, though, +but stay of her own free will; she would sit beside him on the couch +with her ear bent down to him while he told her how he had always +intended to send her to the conservatory, how he would have told +everyone about it last Christmas—had Christmas really come and gone +already?—if this misfortune hadn’t got in the way, and refuse to let +anyone dissuade him from it. On hearing all this, his sister would +break out in tears of emotion, and Gregor would climb up to her +shoulder and kiss her neck, which, since she had been going out to +work, she had kept free without any necklace or collar. + +“Mr. Samsa!”, shouted the middle gentleman to Gregor’s father, +pointing, without wasting any more words, with his forefinger at Gregor +as he slowly moved forward. The violin went silent, the middle of the +three gentlemen first smiled at his two friends, shaking his head, and +then looked back at Gregor. His father seemed to think it more +important to calm the three gentlemen before driving Gregor out, even +though they were not at all upset and seemed to think Gregor was more +entertaining than the violin playing had been. He rushed up to them +with his arms spread out and attempted to drive them back into their +room at the same time as trying to block their view of Gregor with his +body. Now they did become a little annoyed, and it was not clear +whether it was his father’s behaviour that annoyed them or the dawning +realisation that they had had a neighbour like Gregor in the next room +without knowing it. They asked Gregor’s father for explanations, raised +their arms like he had, tugged excitedly at their beards and moved back +towards their room only very slowly. Meanwhile Gregor’s sister had +overcome the despair she had fallen into when her playing was suddenly +interrupted. She had let her hands drop and let violin and bow hang +limply for a while but continued to look at the music as if still +playing, but then she suddenly pulled herself together, lay the +instrument on her mother’s lap who still sat laboriously struggling for +breath where she was, and ran into the next room which, under pressure +from her father, the three gentlemen were more quickly moving toward. +Under his sister’s experienced hand, the pillows and covers on the beds +flew up and were put into order and she had already finished making the +beds and slipped out again before the three gentlemen had reached the +room. Gregor’s father seemed so obsessed with what he was doing that he +forgot all the respect he owed to his tenants. He urged them and +pressed them until, when he was already at the door of the room, the +middle of the three gentlemen shouted like thunder and stamped his foot +and thereby brought Gregor’s father to a halt. “I declare here and +now”, he said, raising his hand and glancing at Gregor’s mother and +sister to gain their attention too, “that with regard to the repugnant +conditions that prevail in this flat and with this family”—here he +looked briefly but decisively at the floor—“I give immediate notice on +my room. For the days that I have been living here I will, of course, +pay nothing at all, on the contrary I will consider whether to proceed +with some kind of action for damages from you, and believe me it would +be very easy to set out the grounds for such an action.” He was silent +and looked straight ahead as if waiting for something. And indeed, his +two friends joined in with the words: “And we also give immediate +notice.” With that, he took hold of the door handle and slammed the +door. + +Gregor’s father staggered back to his seat, feeling his way with his +hands, and fell into it; it looked as if he was stretching himself out +for his usual evening nap but from the uncontrolled way his head kept +nodding it could be seen that he was not sleeping at all. Throughout +all this, Gregor had lain still where the three gentlemen had first +seen him. His disappointment at the failure of his plan, and perhaps +also because he was weak from hunger, made it impossible for him to +move. He was sure that everyone would turn on him any moment, and he +waited. He was not even startled out of this state when the violin on +his mother’s lap fell from her trembling fingers and landed loudly on +the floor. + +“Father, Mother”, said his sister, hitting the table with her hand as +introduction, “we can’t carry on like this. Maybe you can’t see it, but +I can. I don’t want to call this monster my brother, all I can say is: +we have to try and get rid of it. We’ve done all that’s humanly +possible to look after it and be patient, I don’t think anyone could +accuse us of doing anything wrong.” + +“She’s absolutely right”, said Gregor’s father to himself. His mother, +who still had not had time to catch her breath, began to cough dully, +her hand held out in front of her and a deranged expression in her +eyes. + +Gregor’s sister rushed to his mother and put her hand on her forehead. +Her words seemed to give Gregor’s father some more definite ideas. He +sat upright, played with his uniform cap between the plates left by the +three gentlemen after their meal, and occasionally looked down at +Gregor as he lay there immobile. + +“We have to try and get rid of it”, said Gregor’s sister, now speaking +only to her father, as her mother was too occupied with coughing to +listen, “it’ll be the death of both of you, I can see it coming. We +can’t all work as hard as we have to and then come home to be tortured +like this, we can’t endure it. I can’t endure it any more.” And she +broke out so heavily in tears that they flowed down the face of her +mother, and she wiped them away with mechanical hand movements. + +“My child”, said her father with sympathy and obvious understanding, +“what are we to do?” + +His sister just shrugged her shoulders as a sign of the helplessness +and tears that had taken hold of her, displacing her earlier certainty. + +“If he could just understand us”, said his father almost as a question; +his sister shook her hand vigorously through her tears as a sign that +of that there was no question. + +“If he could just understand us”, repeated Gregor’s father, closing his +eyes in acceptance of his sister’s certainty that that was quite +impossible, “then perhaps we could come to some kind of arrangement +with him. But as it is ...” + +“It’s got to go”, shouted his sister, “that’s the only way, Father. +You’ve got to get rid of the idea that that’s Gregor. We’ve only harmed +ourselves by believing it for so long. How can that be Gregor? If it +were Gregor he would have seen long ago that it’s not possible for +human beings to live with an animal like that and he would have gone of +his own free will. We wouldn’t have a brother any more, then, but we +could carry on with our lives and remember him with respect. As it is +this animal is persecuting us, it’s driven out our tenants, it +obviously wants to take over the whole flat and force us to sleep on +the streets. Father, look, just look”, she suddenly screamed, “he’s +starting again!” In her alarm, which was totally beyond Gregor’s +comprehension, his sister even abandoned his mother as she pushed +herself vigorously out of her chair as if more willing to sacrifice her +own mother than stay anywhere near Gregor. She rushed over to behind +her father, who had become excited merely because she was and stood up +half raising his hands in front of Gregor’s sister as if to protect +her. + +But Gregor had had no intention of frightening anyone, least of all his +sister. All he had done was begin to turn round so that he could go +back into his room, although that was in itself quite startling as his +pain-wracked condition meant that turning round required a great deal +of effort and he was using his head to help himself do it, repeatedly +raising it and striking it against the floor. He stopped and looked +round. They seemed to have realised his good intention and had only +been alarmed briefly. Now they all looked at him in unhappy silence. +His mother lay in her chair with her legs stretched out and pressed +against each other, her eyes nearly closed with exhaustion; his sister +sat next to his father with her arms around his neck. + +“Maybe now they’ll let me turn round”, thought Gregor and went back to +work. He could not help panting loudly with the effort and had +sometimes to stop and take a rest. No-one was making him rush any more, +everything was left up to him. As soon as he had finally finished +turning round he began to move straight ahead. He was amazed at the +great distance that separated him from his room, and could not +understand how he had covered that distance in his weak state a little +while before and almost without noticing it. He concentrated on +crawling as fast as he could and hardly noticed that there was not a +word, not any cry, from his family to distract him. He did not turn his +head until he had reached the doorway. He did not turn it all the way +round as he felt his neck becoming stiff, but it was nonetheless enough +to see that nothing behind him had changed, only his sister had stood +up. With his last glance he saw that his mother had now fallen +completely asleep. + +He was hardly inside his room before the door was hurriedly shut, +bolted and locked. The sudden noise behind Gregor so startled him that +his little legs collapsed under him. It was his sister who had been in +so much of a rush. She had been standing there waiting and sprung +forward lightly, Gregor had not heard her coming at all, and as she +turned the key in the lock she said loudly to her parents “At last!”. + +“What now, then?”, Gregor asked himself as he looked round in the +darkness. He soon made the discovery that he could no longer move at +all. This was no surprise to him, it seemed rather that being able to +actually move around on those spindly little legs until then was +unnatural. He also felt relatively comfortable. It is true that his +entire body was aching, but the pain seemed to be slowly getting weaker +and weaker and would finally disappear altogether. He could already +hardly feel the decayed apple in his back or the inflamed area around +it, which was entirely covered in white dust. He thought back of his +family with emotion and love. If it was possible, he felt that he must +go away even more strongly than his sister. He remained in this state +of empty and peaceful rumination until he heard the clock tower strike +three in the morning. He watched as it slowly began to get light +everywhere outside the window too. Then, without his willing it, his +head sank down completely, and his last breath flowed weakly from his +nostrils. + +When the cleaner came in early in the morning—they’d often asked her +not to keep slamming the doors but with her strength and in her hurry +she still did, so that everyone in the flat knew when she’d arrived and +from then on it was impossible to sleep in peace—she made her usual +brief look in on Gregor and at first found nothing special. She thought +he was laying there so still on purpose, playing the martyr; she +attributed all possible understanding to him. She happened to be +holding the long broom in her hand, so she tried to tickle Gregor with +it from the doorway. When she had no success with that she tried to +make a nuisance of herself and poked at him a little, and only when she +found she could shove him across the floor with no resistance at all +did she start to pay attention. She soon realised what had really +happened, opened her eyes wide, whistled to herself, but did not waste +time to yank open the bedroom doors and shout loudly into the darkness +of the bedrooms: “Come and ’ave a look at this, it’s dead, just lying +there, stone dead!” + +Mr. and Mrs. Samsa sat upright there in their marriage bed and had to +make an effort to get over the shock caused by the cleaner before they +could grasp what she was saying. But then, each from his own side, they +hurried out of bed. Mr. Samsa threw the blanket over his shoulders, +Mrs. Samsa just came out in her nightdress; and that is how they went +into Gregor’s room. On the way they opened the door to the living room +where Grete had been sleeping since the three gentlemen had moved in; +she was fully dressed as if she had never been asleep, and the paleness +of her face seemed to confirm this. “Dead?”, asked Mrs. Samsa, looking +at the charwoman enquiringly, even though she could have checked for +herself and could have known it even without checking. “That’s what I +said”, replied the cleaner, and to prove it she gave Gregor’s body +another shove with the broom, sending it sideways across the floor. +Mrs. Samsa made a movement as if she wanted to hold back the broom, but +did not complete it. “Now then”, said Mr. Samsa, “let’s give thanks to +God for that”. He crossed himself, and the three women followed his +example. Grete, who had not taken her eyes from the corpse, said: “Just +look how thin he was. He didn’t eat anything for so long. The food came +out again just the same as when it went in”. Gregor’s body was indeed +completely dried up and flat, they had not seen it until then, but now +he was not lifted up on his little legs, nor did he do anything to make +them look away. + +“Grete, come with us in here for a little while”, said Mrs. Samsa with +a pained smile, and Grete followed her parents into the bedroom but not +without looking back at the body. The cleaner shut the door and opened +the window wide. Although it was still early in the morning the fresh +air had something of warmth mixed in with it. It was already the end of +March, after all. + +The three gentlemen stepped out of their room and looked round in +amazement for their breakfasts; they had been forgotten about. “Where +is our breakfast?”, the middle gentleman asked the cleaner irritably. +She just put her finger on her lips and made a quick and silent sign to +the men that they might like to come into Gregor’s room. They did so, +and stood around Gregor’s corpse with their hands in the pockets of +their well-worn coats. It was now quite light in the room. + +Then the door of the bedroom opened and Mr. Samsa appeared in his +uniform with his wife on one arm and his daughter on the other. All of +them had been crying a little; Grete now and then pressed her face +against her father’s arm. + +“Leave my home. Now!”, said Mr. Samsa, indicating the door and without +letting the women from him. “What do you mean?”, asked the middle of +the three gentlemen somewhat disconcerted, and he smiled sweetly. The +other two held their hands behind their backs and continually rubbed +them together in gleeful anticipation of a loud quarrel which could +only end in their favour. “I mean just what I said”, answered Mr. +Samsa, and, with his two companions, went in a straight line towards +the man. At first, he stood there still, looking at the ground as if +the contents of his head were rearranging themselves into new +positions. “Alright, we’ll go then”, he said, and looked up at Mr. +Samsa as if he had been suddenly overcome with humility and wanted +permission again from Mr. Samsa for his decision. Mr. Samsa merely +opened his eyes wide and briefly nodded to him several times. At that, +and without delay, the man actually did take long strides into the +front hallway; his two friends had stopped rubbing their hands some +time before and had been listening to what was being said. Now they +jumped off after their friend as if taken with a sudden fear that Mr. +Samsa might go into the hallway in front of them and break the +connection with their leader. Once there, all three took their hats +from the stand, took their sticks from the holder, bowed without a word +and left the premises. Mr. Samsa and the two women followed them out +onto the landing; but they had had no reason to mistrust the men’s +intentions and as they leaned over the landing they saw how the three +gentlemen made slow but steady progress down the many steps. As they +turned the corner on each floor they disappeared and would reappear a +few moments later; the further down they went, the more that the Samsa +family lost interest in them; when a butcher’s boy, proud of posture +with his tray on his head, passed them on his way up and came nearer +than they were, Mr. Samsa and the women came away from the landing and +went, as if relieved, back into the flat. + +They decided the best way to make use of that day was for relaxation +and to go for a walk; not only had they earned a break from work but +they were in serious need of it. So they sat at the table and wrote +three letters of excusal, Mr. Samsa to his employers, Mrs. Samsa to her +contractor and Grete to her principal. The cleaner came in while they +were writing to tell them she was going, she’d finished her work for +that morning. The three of them at first just nodded without looking up +from what they were writing, and it was only when the cleaner still did +not seem to want to leave that they looked up in irritation. “Well?”, +asked Mr. Samsa. The charwoman stood in the doorway with a smile on her +face as if she had some tremendous good news to report, but would only +do it if she was clearly asked to. The almost vertical little ostrich +feather on her hat, which had been a source of irritation to Mr. Samsa +all the time she had been working for them, swayed gently in all +directions. “What is it you want then?”, asked Mrs. Samsa, whom the +cleaner had the most respect for. “Yes”, she answered, and broke into a +friendly laugh that made her unable to speak straight away, “well then, +that thing in there, you needn’t worry about how you’re going to get +rid of it. That’s all been sorted out.” Mrs. Samsa and Grete bent down +over their letters as if intent on continuing with what they were +writing; Mr. Samsa saw that the cleaner wanted to start describing +everything in detail but, with outstretched hand, he made it quite +clear that she was not to. So, as she was prevented from telling them +all about it, she suddenly remembered what a hurry she was in and, +clearly peeved, called out “Cheerio then, everyone”, turned round +sharply and left, slamming the door terribly as she went. + +“Tonight she gets sacked”, said Mr. Samsa, but he received no reply +from either his wife or his daughter as the charwoman seemed to have +destroyed the peace they had only just gained. They got up and went +over to the window where they remained with their arms around each +other. Mr. Samsa twisted round in his chair to look at them and sat +there watching for a while. Then he called out: “Come here, then. Let’s +forget about all that old stuff, shall we. Come and give me a bit of +attention”. The two women immediately did as he said, hurrying over to +him where they kissed him and hugged him and then they quickly finished +their letters. + +After that, the three of them left the flat together, which was +something they had not done for months, and took the tram out to the +open country outside the town. They had the tram, filled with warm +sunshine, all to themselves. Leant back comfortably on their seats, +they discussed their prospects and found that on closer examination +they were not at all bad—until then they had never asked each other +about their work but all three had jobs which were very good and held +particularly good promise for the future. The greatest improvement for +the time being, of course, would be achieved quite easily by moving +house; what they needed now was a flat that was smaller and cheaper +than the current one which had been chosen by Gregor, one that was in a +better location and, most of all, more practical. All the time, Grete +was becoming livelier. With all the worry they had been having of late +her cheeks had become pale, but, while they were talking, Mr. and Mrs. +Samsa were struck, almost simultaneously, with the thought of how their +daughter was blossoming into a well built and beautiful young lady. +They became quieter. Just from each other’s glance and almost without +knowing it they agreed that it would soon be time to find a good man +for her. And, as if in confirmation of their new dreams and good +intentions, as soon as they reached their destination Grete was the +first to get up and stretch out her young body. + + + + +*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK METAMORPHOSIS *** + +***** This file should be named 5200-0.txt or 5200-0.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/5/2/0/5200/ + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will +be renamed. + +Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright +law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, +so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the +United States without permission and without paying copyright +royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part +of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm +concept and trademark. 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Thus, we do not +necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper +edition. + +Most people start at our website which has the main PG search +facility: www.gutenberg.org + +This website includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. diff --git a/exersizes/gutenberg/ulysses.txt b/exersizes/gutenberg/ulysses.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9029ce4 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/gutenberg/ulysses.txt @@ -0,0 +1,33216 @@ +The Project Gutenberg eBook of Ulysses, by James Joyce + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and +most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions +whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms +of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at +www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you +will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before +using this eBook. + +Title: Ulysses + +Author: James Joyce + +Release Date: December 27, 2001 [eBook #4300] +[Most recently updated: December 27, 2019] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 + +Produced by: Col Choat and David Widger + +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ULYSSES *** + +[Illustration] + + + + +Ulysses + + +by James Joyce + + +Contents + + — I — + + [ 1 ] + [ 2 ] + [ 3 ] + + — II — + + [ 4 ] + [ 5 ] + [ 6 ] + [ 7 ] + [ 8 ] + [ 9 ] + [ 10 ] + [ 11 ] + [ 12 ] + [ 13 ] + [ 14 ] + [ 15 ] + + — III — + + [ 16 ] + [ 17 ] + [ 18 ] + + + + +— I — + + +[ 1 ] + +Stately, plump Buck Mulligan came from the stairhead, bearing a bowl of +lather on which a mirror and a razor lay crossed. A yellow +dressinggown, ungirdled, was sustained gently behind him on the mild +morning air. He held the bowl aloft and intoned: + +—_Introibo ad altare Dei_. + +Halted, he peered down the dark winding stairs and called out coarsely: + +—Come up, Kinch! Come up, you fearful jesuit! + +Solemnly he came forward and mounted the round gunrest. He faced about +and blessed gravely thrice the tower, the surrounding land and the +awaking mountains. Then, catching sight of Stephen Dedalus, he bent +towards him and made rapid crosses in the air, gurgling in his throat +and shaking his head. Stephen Dedalus, displeased and sleepy, leaned +his arms on the top of the staircase and looked coldly at the shaking +gurgling face that blessed him, equine in its length, and at the light +untonsured hair, grained and hued like pale oak. + +Buck Mulligan peeped an instant under the mirror and then covered the +bowl smartly. + +—Back to barracks! he said sternly. + +He added in a preacher’s tone: + +—For this, O dearly beloved, is the genuine Christine: body and soul +and blood and ouns. Slow music, please. Shut your eyes, gents. One +moment. A little trouble about those white corpuscles. Silence, all. + +He peered sideways up and gave a long slow whistle of call, then paused +awhile in rapt attention, his even white teeth glistening here and +there with gold points. Chrysostomos. Two strong shrill whistles +answered through the calm. + +—Thanks, old chap, he cried briskly. That will do nicely. Switch off +the current, will you? + +He skipped off the gunrest and looked gravely at his watcher, gathering +about his legs the loose folds of his gown. The plump shadowed face and +sullen oval jowl recalled a prelate, patron of arts in the middle ages. +A pleasant smile broke quietly over his lips. + +—The mockery of it! he said gaily. Your absurd name, an ancient Greek! + +He pointed his finger in friendly jest and went over to the parapet, +laughing to himself. Stephen Dedalus stepped up, followed him wearily +halfway and sat down on the edge of the gunrest, watching him still as +he propped his mirror on the parapet, dipped the brush in the bowl and +lathered cheeks and neck. + +Buck Mulligan’s gay voice went on. + +—My name is absurd too: Malachi Mulligan, two dactyls. But it has a +Hellenic ring, hasn’t it? Tripping and sunny like the buck himself. We +must go to Athens. Will you come if I can get the aunt to fork out +twenty quid? + +He laid the brush aside and, laughing with delight, cried: + +—Will he come? The jejune jesuit! + +Ceasing, he began to shave with care. + +—Tell me, Mulligan, Stephen said quietly. + +—Yes, my love? + +—How long is Haines going to stay in this tower? + +Buck Mulligan showed a shaven cheek over his right shoulder. + +—God, isn’t he dreadful? he said frankly. A ponderous Saxon. He thinks +you’re not a gentleman. God, these bloody English! Bursting with money +and indigestion. Because he comes from Oxford. You know, Dedalus, you +have the real Oxford manner. He can’t make you out. O, my name for you +is the best: Kinch, the knife-blade. + +He shaved warily over his chin. + +—He was raving all night about a black panther, Stephen said. Where is +his guncase? + +—A woful lunatic! Mulligan said. Were you in a funk? + +—I was, Stephen said with energy and growing fear. Out here in the dark +with a man I don’t know raving and moaning to himself about shooting a +black panther. You saved men from drowning. I’m not a hero, however. If +he stays on here I am off. + +Buck Mulligan frowned at the lather on his razorblade. He hopped down +from his perch and began to search his trouser pockets hastily. + +—Scutter! he cried thickly. + +He came over to the gunrest and, thrusting a hand into Stephen’s upper +pocket, said: + +—Lend us a loan of your noserag to wipe my razor. + +Stephen suffered him to pull out and hold up on show by its corner a +dirty crumpled handkerchief. Buck Mulligan wiped the razorblade neatly. +Then, gazing over the handkerchief, he said: + +—The bard’s noserag! A new art colour for our Irish poets: snotgreen. +You can almost taste it, can’t you? + +He mounted to the parapet again and gazed out over Dublin bay, his fair +oakpale hair stirring slightly. + +—God! he said quietly. Isn’t the sea what Algy calls it: a great sweet +mother? The snotgreen sea. The scrotumtightening sea. _Epi oinopa +ponton_. Ah, Dedalus, the Greeks! I must teach you. You must read them +in the original. _Thalatta! Thalatta!_ She is our great sweet mother. +Come and look. + +Stephen stood up and went over to the parapet. Leaning on it he looked +down on the water and on the mailboat clearing the harbourmouth of +Kingstown. + +—Our mighty mother! Buck Mulligan said. + +He turned abruptly his grey searching eyes from the sea to Stephen’s +face. + +—The aunt thinks you killed your mother, he said. That’s why she won’t +let me have anything to do with you. + +—Someone killed her, Stephen said gloomily. + +—You could have knelt down, damn it, Kinch, when your dying mother +asked you, Buck Mulligan said. I’m hyperborean as much as you. But to +think of your mother begging you with her last breath to kneel down and +pray for her. And you refused. There is something sinister in you.... + +He broke off and lathered again lightly his farther cheek. A tolerant +smile curled his lips. + +—But a lovely mummer! he murmured to himself. Kinch, the loveliest +mummer of them all! + +He shaved evenly and with care, in silence, seriously. + +Stephen, an elbow rested on the jagged granite, leaned his palm against +his brow and gazed at the fraying edge of his shiny black coat-sleeve. +Pain, that was not yet the pain of love, fretted his heart. Silently, +in a dream she had come to him after her death, her wasted body within +its loose brown graveclothes giving off an odour of wax and rosewood, +her breath, that had bent upon him, mute, reproachful, a faint odour of +wetted ashes. Across the threadbare cuffedge he saw the sea hailed as a +great sweet mother by the wellfed voice beside him. The ring of bay and +skyline held a dull green mass of liquid. A bowl of white china had +stood beside her deathbed holding the green sluggish bile which she had +torn up from her rotting liver by fits of loud groaning vomiting. + +Buck Mulligan wiped again his razorblade. + +—Ah, poor dogsbody! he said in a kind voice. I must give you a shirt +and a few noserags. How are the secondhand breeks? + +—They fit well enough, Stephen answered. + +Buck Mulligan attacked the hollow beneath his underlip. + +—The mockery of it, he said contentedly. Secondleg they should be. God +knows what poxy bowsy left them off. I have a lovely pair with a hair +stripe, grey. You’ll look spiffing in them. I’m not joking, Kinch. You +look damn well when you’re dressed. + +—Thanks, Stephen said. I can’t wear them if they are grey. + +—He can’t wear them, Buck Mulligan told his face in the mirror. +Etiquette is etiquette. He kills his mother but he can’t wear grey +trousers. + +He folded his razor neatly and with stroking palps of fingers felt the +smooth skin. + +Stephen turned his gaze from the sea and to the plump face with its +smokeblue mobile eyes. + +—That fellow I was with in the Ship last night, said Buck Mulligan, +says you have g. p. i. He’s up in Dottyville with Connolly Norman. +General paralysis of the insane! + +He swept the mirror a half circle in the air to flash the tidings +abroad in sunlight now radiant on the sea. His curling shaven lips +laughed and the edges of his white glittering teeth. Laughter seized +all his strong wellknit trunk. + +—Look at yourself, he said, you dreadful bard! + +Stephen bent forward and peered at the mirror held out to him, cleft by +a crooked crack. Hair on end. As he and others see me. Who chose this +face for me? This dogsbody to rid of vermin. It asks me too. + +—I pinched it out of the skivvy’s room, Buck Mulligan said. It does her +all right. The aunt always keeps plainlooking servants for Malachi. +Lead him not into temptation. And her name is Ursula. + +Laughing again, he brought the mirror away from Stephen’s peering eyes. + +—The rage of Caliban at not seeing his face in a mirror, he said. If +Wilde were only alive to see you! + +Drawing back and pointing, Stephen said with bitterness: + +—It is a symbol of Irish art. The cracked lookingglass of a servant. + +Buck Mulligan suddenly linked his arm in Stephen’s and walked with him +round the tower, his razor and mirror clacking in the pocket where he +had thrust them. + +—It’s not fair to tease you like that, Kinch, is it? he said kindly. +God knows you have more spirit than any of them. + +Parried again. He fears the lancet of my art as I fear that of his. The +cold steel pen. + +—Cracked lookingglass of a servant! Tell that to the oxy chap +downstairs and touch him for a guinea. He’s stinking with money and +thinks you’re not a gentleman. His old fellow made his tin by selling +jalap to Zulus or some bloody swindle or other. God, Kinch, if you and +I could only work together we might do something for the island. +Hellenise it. + +Cranly’s arm. His arm. + +—And to think of your having to beg from these swine. I’m the only one +that knows what you are. Why don’t you trust me more? What have you up +your nose against me? Is it Haines? If he makes any noise here I’ll +bring down Seymour and we’ll give him a ragging worse than they gave +Clive Kempthorpe. + +Young shouts of moneyed voices in Clive Kempthorpe’s rooms. Palefaces: +they hold their ribs with laughter, one clasping another. O, I shall +expire! Break the news to her gently, Aubrey! I shall die! With slit +ribbons of his shirt whipping the air he hops and hobbles round the +table, with trousers down at heels, chased by Ades of Magdalen with the +tailor’s shears. A scared calf’s face gilded with marmalade. I don’t +want to be debagged! Don’t you play the giddy ox with me! + +Shouts from the open window startling evening in the quadrangle. A deaf +gardener, aproned, masked with Matthew Arnold’s face, pushes his mower +on the sombre lawn watching narrowly the dancing motes of grasshalms. + +To ourselves... new paganism... omphalos. + +—Let him stay, Stephen said. There’s nothing wrong with him except at +night. + +—Then what is it? Buck Mulligan asked impatiently. Cough it up. I’m +quite frank with you. What have you against me now? + +They halted, looking towards the blunt cape of Bray Head that lay on +the water like the snout of a sleeping whale. Stephen freed his arm +quietly. + +—Do you wish me to tell you? he asked. + +—Yes, what is it? Buck Mulligan answered. I don’t remember anything. + +He looked in Stephen’s face as he spoke. A light wind passed his brow, +fanning softly his fair uncombed hair and stirring silver points of +anxiety in his eyes. + +Stephen, depressed by his own voice, said: + +—Do you remember the first day I went to your house after my mother’s +death? + +Buck Mulligan frowned quickly and said: + +—What? Where? I can’t remember anything. I remember only ideas and +sensations. Why? What happened in the name of God? + +—You were making tea, Stephen said, and went across the landing to get +more hot water. Your mother and some visitor came out of the +drawingroom. She asked you who was in your room. + +—Yes? Buck Mulligan said. What did I say? I forget. + +—You said, Stephen answered, _O, it’s only Dedalus whose mother is +beastly dead._ + +A flush which made him seem younger and more engaging rose to Buck +Mulligan’s cheek. + +—Did I say that? he asked. Well? What harm is that? + +He shook his constraint from him nervously. + +—And what is death, he asked, your mother’s or yours or my own? You saw +only your mother die. I see them pop off every day in the Mater and +Richmond and cut up into tripes in the dissectingroom. It’s a beastly +thing and nothing else. It simply doesn’t matter. You wouldn’t kneel +down to pray for your mother on her deathbed when she asked you. Why? +Because you have the cursed jesuit strain in you, only it’s injected +the wrong way. To me it’s all a mockery and beastly. Her cerebral lobes +are not functioning. She calls the doctor sir Peter Teazle and picks +buttercups off the quilt. Humour her till it’s over. You crossed her +last wish in death and yet you sulk with me because I don’t whinge like +some hired mute from Lalouette’s. Absurd! I suppose I did say it. I +didn’t mean to offend the memory of your mother. + +He had spoken himself into boldness. Stephen, shielding the gaping +wounds which the words had left in his heart, said very coldly: + +—I am not thinking of the offence to my mother. + +—Of what then? Buck Mulligan asked. + +—Of the offence to me, Stephen answered. + +Buck Mulligan swung round on his heel. + +—O, an impossible person! he exclaimed. + +He walked off quickly round the parapet. Stephen stood at his post, +gazing over the calm sea towards the headland. Sea and headland now +grew dim. Pulses were beating in his eyes, veiling their sight, and he +felt the fever of his cheeks. + +A voice within the tower called loudly: + +—Are you up there, Mulligan? + +—I’m coming, Buck Mulligan answered. + +He turned towards Stephen and said: + +—Look at the sea. What does it care about offences? Chuck Loyola, +Kinch, and come on down. The Sassenach wants his morning rashers. + +His head halted again for a moment at the top of the staircase, level +with the roof: + +—Don’t mope over it all day, he said. I’m inconsequent. Give up the +moody brooding. + +His head vanished but the drone of his descending voice boomed out of +the stairhead: + + And no more turn aside and brood + Upon love’s bitter mystery + For Fergus rules the brazen cars. + +Woodshadows floated silently by through the morning peace from the +stairhead seaward where he gazed. Inshore and farther out the mirror of +water whitened, spurned by lightshod hurrying feet. White breast of the +dim sea. The twining stresses, two by two. A hand plucking the +harpstrings, merging their twining chords. Wavewhite wedded words +shimmering on the dim tide. + +A cloud began to cover the sun slowly, wholly, shadowing the bay in +deeper green. It lay beneath him, a bowl of bitter waters. Fergus’ +song: I sang it alone in the house, holding down the long dark chords. +Her door was open: she wanted to hear my music. Silent with awe and +pity I went to her bedside. She was crying in her wretched bed. For +those words, Stephen: love’s bitter mystery. + +Where now? + +Her secrets: old featherfans, tasselled dancecards, powdered with musk, +a gaud of amber beads in her locked drawer. A birdcage hung in the +sunny window of her house when she was a girl. She heard old Royce sing +in the pantomime of Turko the Terrible and laughed with others when he +sang: + + I am the boy + That can enjoy + Invisibility. + +Phantasmal mirth, folded away: muskperfumed. + + And no more turn aside and brood. + + +Folded away in the memory of nature with her toys. Memories beset his +brooding brain. Her glass of water from the kitchen tap when she had +approached the sacrament. A cored apple, filled with brown sugar, +roasting for her at the hob on a dark autumn evening. Her shapely +fingernails reddened by the blood of squashed lice from the children’s +shirts. + +In a dream, silently, she had come to him, her wasted body within its +loose graveclothes giving off an odour of wax and rosewood, her breath, +bent over him with mute secret words, a faint odour of wetted ashes. + +Her glazing eyes, staring out of death, to shake and bend my soul. On +me alone. The ghostcandle to light her agony. Ghostly light on the +tortured face. Her hoarse loud breath rattling in horror, while all +prayed on their knees. Her eyes on me to strike me down. _Liliata +rutilantium te confessorum turma circumdet: iubilantium te virginum +chorus excipiat._ + +Ghoul! Chewer of corpses! + +No, mother! Let me be and let me live. + +—Kinch ahoy! + +Buck Mulligan’s voice sang from within the tower. It came nearer up the +staircase, calling again. Stephen, still trembling at his soul’s cry, +heard warm running sunlight and in the air behind him friendly words. + +—Dedalus, come down, like a good mosey. Breakfast is ready. Haines is +apologising for waking us last night. It’s all right. + +—I’m coming, Stephen said, turning. + +—Do, for Jesus’ sake, Buck Mulligan said. For my sake and for all our +sakes. + +His head disappeared and reappeared. + +—I told him your symbol of Irish art. He says it’s very clever. Touch +him for a quid, will you? A guinea, I mean. + +—I get paid this morning, Stephen said. + +—The school kip? Buck Mulligan said. How much? Four quid? Lend us one. + +—If you want it, Stephen said. + +—Four shining sovereigns, Buck Mulligan cried with delight. We’ll have +a glorious drunk to astonish the druidy druids. Four omnipotent +sovereigns. + +He flung up his hands and tramped down the stone stairs, singing out of +tune with a Cockney accent: + + O, won’t we have a merry time, + Drinking whisky, beer and wine! + On coronation, + Coronation day! + O, won’t we have a merry time + On coronation day! + +Warm sunshine merrying over the sea. The nickel shavingbowl shone, +forgotten, on the parapet. Why should I bring it down? Or leave it +there all day, forgotten friendship? + +He went over to it, held it in his hands awhile, feeling its coolness, +smelling the clammy slaver of the lather in which the brush was stuck. +So I carried the boat of incense then at Clongowes. I am another now +and yet the same. A servant too. A server of a servant. + +In the gloomy domed livingroom of the tower Buck Mulligan’s gowned form +moved briskly to and fro about the hearth, hiding and revealing its +yellow glow. Two shafts of soft daylight fell across the flagged floor +from the high barbacans: and at the meeting of their rays a cloud of +coalsmoke and fumes of fried grease floated, turning. + +—We’ll be choked, Buck Mulligan said. Haines, open that door, will you? + +Stephen laid the shavingbowl on the locker. A tall figure rose from the +hammock where it had been sitting, went to the doorway and pulled open +the inner doors. + +—Have you the key? a voice asked. + +—Dedalus has it, Buck Mulligan said. Janey Mack, I’m choked! + +He howled, without looking up from the fire: + +—Kinch! + +—It’s in the lock, Stephen said, coming forward. + +The key scraped round harshly twice and, when the heavy door had been +set ajar, welcome light and bright air entered. Haines stood at the +doorway, looking out. Stephen haled his upended valise to the table and +sat down to wait. Buck Mulligan tossed the fry on to the dish beside +him. Then he carried the dish and a large teapot over to the table, set +them down heavily and sighed with relief. + +—I’m melting, he said, as the candle remarked when... But, hush! Not a +word more on that subject! Kinch, wake up! Bread, butter, honey. +Haines, come in. The grub is ready. Bless us, O Lord, and these thy +gifts. Where’s the sugar? O, jay, there’s no milk. + +Stephen fetched the loaf and the pot of honey and the buttercooler from +the locker. Buck Mulligan sat down in a sudden pet. + +—What sort of a kip is this? he said. I told her to come after eight. + +—We can drink it black, Stephen said thirstily. There’s a lemon in the +locker. + +—O, damn you and your Paris fads! Buck Mulligan said. I want Sandycove +milk. + +Haines came in from the doorway and said quietly: + +—That woman is coming up with the milk. + +—The blessings of God on you! Buck Mulligan cried, jumping up from his +chair. Sit down. Pour out the tea there. The sugar is in the bag. Here, +I can’t go fumbling at the damned eggs. + +He hacked through the fry on the dish and slapped it out on three +plates, saying: + +—_In nomine Patris et Filii et Spiritus Sancti._ + +Haines sat down to pour out the tea. + +—I’m giving you two lumps each, he said. But, I say, Mulligan, you do +make strong tea, don’t you? + +Buck Mulligan, hewing thick slices from the loaf, said in an old +woman’s wheedling voice: + +—When I makes tea I makes tea, as old mother Grogan said. And when I +makes water I makes water. + +—By Jove, it is tea, Haines said. + +Buck Mulligan went on hewing and wheedling: + +—_So I do, Mrs Cahill,_ says she. _Begob, ma’am,_ says Mrs Cahill, _God +send you don’t make them in the one pot._ + +He lunged towards his messmates in turn a thick slice of bread, impaled +on his knife. + +—That’s folk, he said very earnestly, for your book, Haines. Five lines +of text and ten pages of notes about the folk and the fishgods of +Dundrum. Printed by the weird sisters in the year of the big wind. + +He turned to Stephen and asked in a fine puzzled voice, lifting his +brows: + +—Can you recall, brother, is mother Grogan’s tea and water pot spoken +of in the Mabinogion or is it in the Upanishads? + +—I doubt it, said Stephen gravely. + +—Do you now? Buck Mulligan said in the same tone. Your reasons, pray? + +—I fancy, Stephen said as he ate, it did not exist in or out of the +Mabinogion. Mother Grogan was, one imagines, a kinswoman of Mary Ann. + +Buck Mulligan’s face smiled with delight. + +—Charming! he said in a finical sweet voice, showing his white teeth +and blinking his eyes pleasantly. Do you think she was? Quite charming! + +Then, suddenly overclouding all his features, he growled in a hoarsened +rasping voice as he hewed again vigorously at the loaf: + +_—For old Mary Ann + +She doesn’t care a damn. + +But, hising up her petticoats..._ + +He crammed his mouth with fry and munched and droned. + +The doorway was darkened by an entering form. + +—The milk, sir! + +—Come in, ma’am, Mulligan said. Kinch, get the jug. + +An old woman came forward and stood by Stephen’s elbow. + +—That’s a lovely morning, sir, she said. Glory be to God. + +—To whom? Mulligan said, glancing at her. Ah, to be sure! + +Stephen reached back and took the milkjug from the locker. + +—The islanders, Mulligan said to Haines casually, speak frequently of +the collector of prepuces. + +—How much, sir? asked the old woman. + +—A quart, Stephen said. + +He watched her pour into the measure and thence into the jug rich white +milk, not hers. Old shrunken paps. She poured again a measureful and a +tilly. Old and secret she had entered from a morning world, maybe a +messenger. She praised the goodness of the milk, pouring it out. +Crouching by a patient cow at daybreak in the lush field, a witch on +her toadstool, her wrinkled fingers quick at the squirting dugs. They +lowed about her whom they knew, dewsilky cattle. Silk of the kine and +poor old woman, names given her in old times. A wandering crone, lowly +form of an immortal serving her conqueror and her gay betrayer, their +common cuckquean, a messenger from the secret morning. To serve or to +upbraid, whether he could not tell: but scorned to beg her favour. + +—It is indeed, ma’am, Buck Mulligan said, pouring milk into their cups. + +—Taste it, sir, she said. + +He drank at her bidding. + +—If we could live on good food like that, he said to her somewhat +loudly, we wouldn’t have the country full of rotten teeth and rotten +guts. Living in a bogswamp, eating cheap food and the streets paved +with dust, horsedung and consumptives’ spits. + +—Are you a medical student, sir? the old woman asked. + +—I am, ma’am, Buck Mulligan answered. + +—Look at that now, she said. + +Stephen listened in scornful silence. She bows her old head to a voice +that speaks to her loudly, her bonesetter, her medicineman: me she +slights. To the voice that will shrive and oil for the grave all there +is of her but her woman’s unclean loins, of man’s flesh made not in +God’s likeness, the serpent’s prey. And to the loud voice that now bids +her be silent with wondering unsteady eyes. + +—Do you understand what he says? Stephen asked her. + +—Is it French you are talking, sir? the old woman said to Haines. + +Haines spoke to her again a longer speech, confidently. + +—Irish, Buck Mulligan said. Is there Gaelic on you? + +—I thought it was Irish, she said, by the sound of it. Are you from the +west, sir? + +—I am an Englishman, Haines answered. + +—He’s English, Buck Mulligan said, and he thinks we ought to speak +Irish in Ireland. + +—Sure we ought to, the old woman said, and I’m ashamed I don’t speak +the language myself. I’m told it’s a grand language by them that knows. + +—Grand is no name for it, said Buck Mulligan. Wonderful entirely. Fill +us out some more tea, Kinch. Would you like a cup, ma’am? + +—No, thank you, sir, the old woman said, slipping the ring of the +milkcan on her forearm and about to go. + +Haines said to her: + +—Have you your bill? We had better pay her, Mulligan, hadn’t we? + +Stephen filled again the three cups. + +—Bill, sir? she said, halting. Well, it’s seven mornings a pint at +twopence is seven twos is a shilling and twopence over and these three +mornings a quart at fourpence is three quarts is a shilling. That’s a +shilling and one and two is two and two, sir. + +Buck Mulligan sighed and, having filled his mouth with a crust thickly +buttered on both sides, stretched forth his legs and began to search +his trouser pockets. + +—Pay up and look pleasant, Haines said to him, smiling. + +Stephen filled a third cup, a spoonful of tea colouring faintly the +thick rich milk. Buck Mulligan brought up a florin, twisted it round in +his fingers and cried: + +—A miracle! + +He passed it along the table towards the old woman, saying: + +—Ask nothing more of me, sweet. All I can give you I give. + +Stephen laid the coin in her uneager hand. + +—We’ll owe twopence, he said. + +—Time enough, sir, she said, taking the coin. Time enough. Good +morning, sir. + +She curtseyed and went out, followed by Buck Mulligan’s tender chant: + +_—Heart of my heart, were it more, + +More would be laid at your feet._ + +He turned to Stephen and said: + +—Seriously, Dedalus. I’m stony. Hurry out to your school kip and bring +us back some money. Today the bards must drink and junket. Ireland +expects that every man this day will do his duty. + +—That reminds me, Haines said, rising, that I have to visit your +national library today. + +—Our swim first, Buck Mulligan said. + +He turned to Stephen and asked blandly: + +—Is this the day for your monthly wash, Kinch? + +Then he said to Haines: + +—The unclean bard makes a point of washing once a month. + +—All Ireland is washed by the gulfstream, Stephen said as he let honey +trickle over a slice of the loaf. + +Haines from the corner where he was knotting easily a scarf about the +loose collar of his tennis shirt spoke: + +—I intend to make a collection of your sayings if you will let me. + +Speaking to me. They wash and tub and scrub. Agenbite of inwit. +Conscience. Yet here’s a spot. + +—That one about the cracked lookingglass of a servant being the symbol +of Irish art is deuced good. + +Buck Mulligan kicked Stephen’s foot under the table and said with +warmth of tone: + +—Wait till you hear him on Hamlet, Haines. + +—Well, I mean it, Haines said, still speaking to Stephen. I was just +thinking of it when that poor old creature came in. + +—Would I make any money by it? Stephen asked. + +Haines laughed and, as he took his soft grey hat from the holdfast of +the hammock, said: + +—I don’t know, I’m sure. + +He strolled out to the doorway. Buck Mulligan bent across to Stephen +and said with coarse vigour: + +—You put your hoof in it now. What did you say that for? + +—Well? Stephen said. The problem is to get money. From whom? From the +milkwoman or from him. It’s a toss up, I think. + +—I blow him out about you, Buck Mulligan said, and then you come along +with your lousy leer and your gloomy jesuit jibes. + +—I see little hope, Stephen said, from her or from him. + +Buck Mulligan sighed tragically and laid his hand on Stephen’s arm. + +—From me, Kinch, he said. + +In a suddenly changed tone he added: + +—To tell you the God’s truth I think you’re right. Damn all else they +are good for. Why don’t you play them as I do? To hell with them all. +Let us get out of the kip. + +He stood up, gravely ungirdled and disrobed himself of his gown, saying +resignedly: + +—Mulligan is stripped of his garments. + +He emptied his pockets on to the table. + +—There’s your snotrag, he said. + +And putting on his stiff collar and rebellious tie he spoke to them, +chiding them, and to his dangling watchchain. His hands plunged and +rummaged in his trunk while he called for a clean handkerchief. God, +we’ll simply have to dress the character. I want puce gloves and green +boots. Contradiction. Do I contradict myself? Very well then, I +contradict myself. Mercurial Malachi. A limp black missile flew out of +his talking hands. + +—And there’s your Latin quarter hat, he said. + +Stephen picked it up and put it on. Haines called to them from the +doorway: + +—Are you coming, you fellows? + +—I’m ready, Buck Mulligan answered, going towards the door. Come out, +Kinch. You have eaten all we left, I suppose. Resigned he passed out +with grave words and gait, saying, wellnigh with sorrow: + +—And going forth he met Butterly. + +Stephen, taking his ashplant from its leaningplace, followed them out +and, as they went down the ladder, pulled to the slow iron door and +locked it. He put the huge key in his inner pocket. + +At the foot of the ladder Buck Mulligan asked: + +—Did you bring the key? + +—I have it, Stephen said, preceding them. + +He walked on. Behind him he heard Buck Mulligan club with his heavy +bathtowel the leader shoots of ferns or grasses. + +—Down, sir! How dare you, sir! + +Haines asked: + +—Do you pay rent for this tower? + +—Twelve quid, Buck Mulligan said. + +—To the secretary of state for war, Stephen added over his shoulder. + +They halted while Haines surveyed the tower and said at last: + +—Rather bleak in wintertime, I should say. Martello you call it? + +—Billy Pitt had them built, Buck Mulligan said, when the French were on +the sea. But ours is the _omphalos_. + +—What is your idea of Hamlet? Haines asked Stephen. + +—No, no, Buck Mulligan shouted in pain. I’m not equal to Thomas Aquinas +and the fiftyfive reasons he has made out to prop it up. Wait till I +have a few pints in me first. + +He turned to Stephen, saying, as he pulled down neatly the peaks of his +primrose waistcoat: + +—You couldn’t manage it under three pints, Kinch, could you? + +—It has waited so long, Stephen said listlessly, it can wait longer. + +—You pique my curiosity, Haines said amiably. Is it some paradox? + +—Pooh! Buck Mulligan said. We have grown out of Wilde and paradoxes. +It’s quite simple. He proves by algebra that Hamlet’s grandson is +Shakespeare’s grandfather and that he himself is the ghost of his own +father. + +—What? Haines said, beginning to point at Stephen. He himself? + +Buck Mulligan slung his towel stolewise round his neck and, bending in +loose laughter, said to Stephen’s ear: + +—O, shade of Kinch the elder! Japhet in search of a father! + +—We’re always tired in the morning, Stephen said to Haines. And it is +rather long to tell. + +Buck Mulligan, walking forward again, raised his hands. + +—The sacred pint alone can unbind the tongue of Dedalus, he said. + +—I mean to say, Haines explained to Stephen as they followed, this +tower and these cliffs here remind me somehow of Elsinore. _That +beetles o’er his base into the sea,_ isn’t it? + +Buck Mulligan turned suddenly for an instant towards Stephen but did +not speak. In the bright silent instant Stephen saw his own image in +cheap dusty mourning between their gay attires. + +—It’s a wonderful tale, Haines said, bringing them to halt again. + +Eyes, pale as the sea the wind had freshened, paler, firm and prudent. +The seas’ ruler, he gazed southward over the bay, empty save for the +smokeplume of the mailboat vague on the bright skyline and a sail +tacking by the Muglins. + +—I read a theological interpretation of it somewhere, he said bemused. +The Father and the Son idea. The Son striving to be atoned with the +Father. + +Buck Mulligan at once put on a blithe broadly smiling face. He looked +at them, his wellshaped mouth open happily, his eyes, from which he had +suddenly withdrawn all shrewd sense, blinking with mad gaiety. He moved +a doll’s head to and fro, the brims of his Panama hat quivering, and +began to chant in a quiet happy foolish voice: + +_—I’m the queerest young fellow that ever you heard. +My mother’s a jew, my father’s a bird. +With Joseph the joiner I cannot agree. +So here’s to disciples and Calvary._ + +He held up a forefinger of warning. + +_—If anyone thinks that I amn’t divine +He’ll get no free drinks when I’m making the wine +But have to drink water and wish it were plain +That I make when the wine becomes water again._ + +He tugged swiftly at Stephen’s ashplant in farewell and, running +forward to a brow of the cliff, fluttered his hands at his sides like +fins or wings of one about to rise in the air, and chanted: + +_—Goodbye, now, goodbye! Write down all I said +And tell Tom, Dick and Harry I rose from the dead. +What’s bred in the bone cannot fail me to fly +And Olivet’s breezy... Goodbye, now, goodbye!_ + +He capered before them down towards the fortyfoot hole, fluttering his +winglike hands, leaping nimbly, Mercury’s hat quivering in the fresh +wind that bore back to them his brief birdsweet cries. + +Haines, who had been laughing guardedly, walked on beside Stephen and +said: + +—We oughtn’t to laugh, I suppose. He’s rather blasphemous. I’m not a +believer myself, that is to say. Still his gaiety takes the harm out of +it somehow, doesn’t it? What did he call it? Joseph the Joiner? + +—The ballad of joking Jesus, Stephen answered. + +—O, Haines said, you have heard it before? + +—Three times a day, after meals, Stephen said drily. + +—You’re not a believer, are you? Haines asked. I mean, a believer in +the narrow sense of the word. Creation from nothing and miracles and a +personal God. + +—There’s only one sense of the word, it seems to me, Stephen said. + +Haines stopped to take out a smooth silver case in which twinkled a +green stone. He sprang it open with his thumb and offered it. + +—Thank you, Stephen said, taking a cigarette. + +Haines helped himself and snapped the case to. He put it back in his +sidepocket and took from his waistcoatpocket a nickel tinderbox, sprang +it open too, and, having lit his cigarette, held the flaming spunk +towards Stephen in the shell of his hands. + +—Yes, of course, he said, as they went on again. Either you believe or +you don’t, isn’t it? Personally I couldn’t stomach that idea of a +personal God. You don’t stand for that, I suppose? + +—You behold in me, Stephen said with grim displeasure, a horrible +example of free thought. + +He walked on, waiting to be spoken to, trailing his ashplant by his +side. Its ferrule followed lightly on the path, squealing at his heels. +My familiar, after me, calling, Steeeeeeeeeeeephen! A wavering line +along the path. They will walk on it tonight, coming here in the dark. +He wants that key. It is mine. I paid the rent. Now I eat his salt +bread. Give him the key too. All. He will ask for it. That was in his +eyes. + +—After all, Haines began... + +Stephen turned and saw that the cold gaze which had measured him was +not all unkind. + +—After all, I should think you are able to free yourself. You are your +own master, it seems to me. + +—I am a servant of two masters, Stephen said, an English and an +Italian. + +—Italian? Haines said. + +A crazy queen, old and jealous. Kneel down before me. + +—And a third, Stephen said, there is who wants me for odd jobs. + +—Italian? Haines said again. What do you mean? + +—The imperial British state, Stephen answered, his colour rising, and +the holy Roman catholic and apostolic church. + +Haines detached from his underlip some fibres of tobacco before he +spoke. + +—I can quite understand that, he said calmly. An Irishman must think +like that, I daresay. We feel in England that we have treated you +rather unfairly. It seems history is to blame. + +The proud potent titles clanged over Stephen’s memory the triumph of +their brazen bells: _et unam sanctam catholicam et apostolicam +ecclesiam:_ the slow growth and change of rite and dogma like his own +rare thoughts, a chemistry of stars. Symbol of the apostles in the mass +for pope Marcellus, the voices blended, singing alone loud in +affirmation: and behind their chant the vigilant angel of the church +militant disarmed and menaced her heresiarchs. A horde of heresies +fleeing with mitres awry: Photius and the brood of mockers of whom +Mulligan was one, and Arius, warring his life long upon the +consubstantiality of the Son with the Father, and Valentine, spurning +Christ’s terrene body, and the subtle African heresiarch Sabellius who +held that the Father was Himself His own Son. Words Mulligan had spoken +a moment since in mockery to the stranger. Idle mockery. The void +awaits surely all them that weave the wind: a menace, a disarming and a +worsting from those embattled angels of the church, Michael’s host, who +defend her ever in the hour of conflict with their lances and their +shields. + +Hear, hear! Prolonged applause. _Zut! Nom de Dieu!_ + +—Of course I’m a Britisher, Haines’s voice said, and I feel as one. I +don’t want to see my country fall into the hands of German jews either. +That’s our national problem, I’m afraid, just now. + +Two men stood at the verge of the cliff, watching: businessman, +boatman. + +—She’s making for Bullock harbour. + +The boatman nodded towards the north of the bay with some disdain. + +—There’s five fathoms out there, he said. It’ll be swept up that way +when the tide comes in about one. It’s nine days today. + +The man that was drowned. A sail veering about the blank bay waiting +for a swollen bundle to bob up, roll over to the sun a puffy face, +saltwhite. Here I am. + +They followed the winding path down to the creek. Buck Mulligan stood +on a stone, in shirtsleeves, his unclipped tie rippling over his +shoulder. A young man clinging to a spur of rock near him, moved slowly +frogwise his green legs in the deep jelly of the water. + +—Is the brother with you, Malachi? + +—Down in Westmeath. With the Bannons. + +—Still there? I got a card from Bannon. Says he found a sweet young +thing down there. Photo girl he calls her. + +—Snapshot, eh? Brief exposure. + +Buck Mulligan sat down to unlace his boots. An elderly man shot up near +the spur of rock a blowing red face. He scrambled up by the stones, +water glistening on his pate and on its garland of grey hair, water +rilling over his chest and paunch and spilling jets out of his black +sagging loincloth. + +Buck Mulligan made way for him to scramble past and, glancing at Haines +and Stephen, crossed himself piously with his thumbnail at brow and +lips and breastbone. + +—Seymour’s back in town, the young man said, grasping again his spur of +rock. Chucked medicine and going in for the army. + +—Ah, go to God! Buck Mulligan said. + +—Going over next week to stew. You know that red Carlisle girl, Lily? + +—Yes. + +—Spooning with him last night on the pier. The father is rotto with +money. + +—Is she up the pole? + +—Better ask Seymour that. + +—Seymour a bleeding officer! Buck Mulligan said. + +He nodded to himself as he drew off his trousers and stood up, saying +tritely: + +—Redheaded women buck like goats. + +He broke off in alarm, feeling his side under his flapping shirt. + +—My twelfth rib is gone, he cried. I’m the _Übermensch._ Toothless +Kinch and I, the supermen. + +He struggled out of his shirt and flung it behind him to where his +clothes lay. + +—Are you going in here, Malachi? + +—Yes. Make room in the bed. + +The young man shoved himself backward through the water and reached the +middle of the creek in two long clean strokes. Haines sat down on a +stone, smoking. + +—Are you not coming in? Buck Mulligan asked. + +—Later on, Haines said. Not on my breakfast. + +Stephen turned away. + +—I’m going, Mulligan, he said. + +—Give us that key, Kinch, Buck Mulligan said, to keep my chemise flat. + +Stephen handed him the key. Buck Mulligan laid it across his heaped +clothes. + +—And twopence, he said, for a pint. Throw it there. + +Stephen threw two pennies on the soft heap. Dressing, undressing. Buck +Mulligan erect, with joined hands before him, said solemnly: + +—He who stealeth from the poor lendeth to the Lord. Thus spake +Zarathustra. + +His plump body plunged. + +—We’ll see you again, Haines said, turning as Stephen walked up the +path and smiling at wild Irish. + +Horn of a bull, hoof of a horse, smile of a Saxon. + +—The Ship, Buck Mulligan cried. Half twelve. + +—Good, Stephen said. + +He walked along the upwardcurving path. + + Liliata rutilantium. + Turma circumdet. + Iubilantium te virginum. + +The priest’s grey nimbus in a niche where he dressed discreetly. I will +not sleep here tonight. Home also I cannot go. + +A voice, sweettoned and sustained, called to him from the sea. Turning +the curve he waved his hand. It called again. A sleek brown head, a +seal’s, far out on the water, round. + +Usurper. + + + + +[ 2 ] + + +—You, Cochrane, what city sent for him? + +—Tarentum, sir. + +—Very good. Well? + +—There was a battle, sir. + +—Very good. Where? + +The boy’s blank face asked the blank window. + +Fabled by the daughters of memory. And yet it was in some way if not as +memory fabled it. A phrase, then, of impatience, thud of Blake’s wings +of excess. I hear the ruin of all space, shattered glass and toppling +masonry, and time one livid final flame. What’s left us then? + +—I forget the place, sir. 279 B. C. + +—Asculum, Stephen said, glancing at the name and date in the +gorescarred book. + +—Yes, sir. And he said: _Another victory like that and we are done +for._ + +That phrase the world had remembered. A dull ease of the mind. From a +hill above a corpsestrewn plain a general speaking to his officers, +leaned upon his spear. Any general to any officers. They lend ear. + +—You, Armstrong, Stephen said. What was the end of Pyrrhus? + +—End of Pyrrhus, sir? + +—I know, sir. Ask me, sir, Comyn said. + +—Wait. You, Armstrong. Do you know anything about Pyrrhus? + +A bag of figrolls lay snugly in Armstrong’s satchel. He curled them +between his palms at whiles and swallowed them softly. Crumbs adhered +to the tissue of his lips. A sweetened boy’s breath. Welloff people, +proud that their eldest son was in the navy. Vico Road, Dalkey. + +—Pyrrhus, sir? Pyrrhus, a pier. + +All laughed. Mirthless high malicious laughter. Armstrong looked round +at his classmates, silly glee in profile. In a moment they will laugh +more loudly, aware of my lack of rule and of the fees their papas pay. + +—Tell me now, Stephen said, poking the boy’s shoulder with the book, +what is a pier. + +—A pier, sir, Armstrong said. A thing out in the water. A kind of a +bridge. Kingstown pier, sir. + +Some laughed again: mirthless but with meaning. Two in the back bench +whispered. Yes. They knew: had never learned nor ever been innocent. +All. With envy he watched their faces: Edith, Ethel, Gerty, Lily. Their +likes: their breaths, too, sweetened with tea and jam, their bracelets +tittering in the struggle. + +—Kingstown pier, Stephen said. Yes, a disappointed bridge. + +The words troubled their gaze. + +—How, sir? Comyn asked. A bridge is across a river. + +For Haines’s chapbook. No-one here to hear. Tonight deftly amid wild +drink and talk, to pierce the polished mail of his mind. What then? A +jester at the court of his master, indulged and disesteemed, winning a +clement master’s praise. Why had they chosen all that part? Not wholly +for the smooth caress. For them too history was a tale like any other +too often heard, their land a pawnshop. + +Had Pyrrhus not fallen by a beldam’s hand in Argos or Julius Caesar not +been knifed to death. They are not to be thought away. Time has branded +them and fettered they are lodged in the room of the infinite +possibilities they have ousted. But can those have been possible seeing +that they never were? Or was that only possible which came to pass? +Weave, weaver of the wind. + +—Tell us a story, sir. + +—O, do, sir. A ghoststory. + +—Where do you begin in this? Stephen asked, opening another book. + +—_Weep no more,_ Comyn said. + +—Go on then, Talbot. + +—And the story, sir? + +—After, Stephen said. Go on, Talbot. + +A swarthy boy opened a book and propped it nimbly under the breastwork +of his satchel. He recited jerks of verse with odd glances at the text: + +_—Weep no more, woful shepherds, weep no more +For Lycidas, your sorrow, is not dead, +Sunk though he be beneath the watery floor..._ + +It must be a movement then, an actuality of the possible as possible. +Aristotle’s phrase formed itself within the gabbled verses and floated +out into the studious silence of the library of Saint Genevieve where +he had read, sheltered from the sin of Paris, night by night. By his +elbow a delicate Siamese conned a handbook of strategy. Fed and feeding +brains about me: under glowlamps, impaled, with faintly beating +feelers: and in my mind’s darkness a sloth of the underworld, +reluctant, shy of brightness, shifting her dragon scaly folds. Thought +is the thought of thought. Tranquil brightness. The soul is in a manner +all that is: the soul is the form of forms. Tranquility sudden, vast, +candescent: form of forms. + +Talbot repeated: + +_—Through the dear might of Him that walked the waves, + +Through the dear might..._ + +—Turn over, Stephen said quietly. I don’t see anything. + +—What, sir? Talbot asked simply, bending forward. + +His hand turned the page over. He leaned back and went on again, having +just remembered. Of him that walked the waves. Here also over these +craven hearts his shadow lies and on the scoffer’s heart and lips and +on mine. It lies upon their eager faces who offered him a coin of the +tribute. To Caesar what is Caesar’s, to God what is God’s. A long look +from dark eyes, a riddling sentence to be woven and woven on the +church’s looms. Ay. + + Riddle me, riddle me, randy ro. + My father gave me seeds to sow. + +Talbot slid his closed book into his satchel. + +—Have I heard all? Stephen asked. + +—Yes, sir. Hockey at ten, sir. + +—Half day, sir. Thursday. + +—Who can answer a riddle? Stephen asked. + +They bundled their books away, pencils clacking, pages rustling. +Crowding together they strapped and buckled their satchels, all +gabbling gaily: + +—A riddle, sir? Ask me, sir. + +—O, ask me, sir. + +—A hard one, sir. + +—This is the riddle, Stephen said: + + The cock crew, + The sky was blue: + The bells in heaven + Were striking eleven. + ’Tis time for this poor soul + To go to heaven. + +What is that? + +—What, sir? + +—Again, sir. We didn’t hear. + +Their eyes grew bigger as the lines were repeated. After a silence +Cochrane said: + +—What is it, sir? We give it up. + +Stephen, his throat itching, answered: + +—The fox burying his grandmother under a hollybush. + +He stood up and gave a shout of nervous laughter to which their cries +echoed dismay. + +A stick struck the door and a voice in the corridor called: + +—Hockey! + +They broke asunder, sidling out of their benches, leaping them. Quickly +they were gone and from the lumberroom came the rattle of sticks and +clamour of their boots and tongues. + +Sargent who alone had lingered came forward slowly, showing an open +copybook. His tangled hair and scraggy neck gave witness of unreadiness +and through his misty glasses weak eyes looked up pleading. On his +cheek, dull and bloodless, a soft stain of ink lay, dateshaped, recent +and damp as a snail’s bed. + +He held out his copybook. The word _Sums_ was written on the headline. +Beneath were sloping figures and at the foot a crooked signature with +blind loops and a blot. Cyril Sargent: his name and seal. + +—Mr Deasy told me to write them out all again, he said, and show them +to you, sir. + +Stephen touched the edges of the book. Futility. + +—Do you understand how to do them now? he asked. + +—Numbers eleven to fifteen, Sargent answered. Mr Deasy said I was to +copy them off the board, sir. + +—Can you do them yourself? Stephen asked. + +—No, sir. + +Ugly and futile: lean neck and tangled hair and a stain of ink, a +snail’s bed. Yet someone had loved him, borne him in her arms and in +her heart. But for her the race of the world would have trampled him +underfoot, a squashed boneless snail. She had loved his weak watery +blood drained from her own. Was that then real? The only true thing in +life? His mother’s prostrate body the fiery Columbanus in holy zeal +bestrode. She was no more: the trembling skeleton of a twig burnt in +the fire, an odour of rosewood and wetted ashes. She had saved him from +being trampled underfoot and had gone, scarcely having been. A poor +soul gone to heaven: and on a heath beneath winking stars a fox, red +reek of rapine in his fur, with merciless bright eyes scraped in the +earth, listened, scraped up the earth, listened, scraped and scraped. + +Sitting at his side Stephen solved out the problem. He proves by +algebra that Shakespeare’s ghost is Hamlet’s grandfather. Sargent +peered askance through his slanted glasses. Hockeysticks rattled in the +lumberroom: the hollow knock of a ball and calls from the field. + +Across the page the symbols moved in grave morrice, in the mummery of +their letters, wearing quaint caps of squares and cubes. Give hands, +traverse, bow to partner: so: imps of fancy of the Moors. Gone too from +the world, Averroes and Moses Maimonides, dark men in mien and +movement, flashing in their mocking mirrors the obscure soul of the +world, a darkness shining in brightness which brightness could not +comprehend. + +—Do you understand now? Can you work the second for yourself? + +—Yes, sir. + +In long shaky strokes Sargent copied the data. Waiting always for a +word of help his hand moved faithfully the unsteady symbols, a faint +hue of shame flickering behind his dull skin. _Amor matris:_ subjective +and objective genitive. With her weak blood and wheysour milk she had +fed him and hid from sight of others his swaddling bands. + +Like him was I, these sloping shoulders, this gracelessness. My +childhood bends beside me. Too far for me to lay a hand there once or +lightly. Mine is far and his secret as our eyes. Secrets, silent, stony +sit in the dark palaces of both our hearts: secrets weary of their +tyranny: tyrants, willing to be dethroned. + +The sum was done. + +—It is very simple, Stephen said as he stood up. + +—Yes, sir. Thanks, Sargent answered. + +He dried the page with a sheet of thin blottingpaper and carried his +copybook back to his bench. + +—You had better get your stick and go out to the others, Stephen said +as he followed towards the door the boy’s graceless form. + +—Yes, sir. + +In the corridor his name was heard, called from the playfield. + +—Sargent! + +—Run on, Stephen said. Mr Deasy is calling you. + +He stood in the porch and watched the laggard hurry towards the scrappy +field where sharp voices were in strife. They were sorted in teams and +Mr Deasy came away stepping over wisps of grass with gaitered feet. +When he had reached the schoolhouse voices again contending called to +him. He turned his angry white moustache. + +—What is it now? he cried continually without listening. + +—Cochrane and Halliday are on the same side, sir, Stephen said. + +—Will you wait in my study for a moment, Mr Deasy said, till I restore +order here. + +And as he stepped fussily back across the field his old man’s voice +cried sternly: + +—What is the matter? What is it now? + +Their sharp voices cried about him on all sides: their many forms +closed round him, the garish sunshine bleaching the honey of his +illdyed head. + +Stale smoky air hung in the study with the smell of drab abraded +leather of its chairs. As on the first day he bargained with me here. +As it was in the beginning, is now. On the sideboard the tray of Stuart +coins, base treasure of a bog: and ever shall be. And snug in their +spooncase of purple plush, faded, the twelve apostles having preached +to all the gentiles: world without end. + +A hasty step over the stone porch and in the corridor. Blowing out his +rare moustache Mr Deasy halted at the table. + +—First, our little financial settlement, he said. + +He brought out of his coat a pocketbook bound by a leather thong. It +slapped open and he took from it two notes, one of joined halves, and +laid them carefully on the table. + +—Two, he said, strapping and stowing his pocketbook away. + +And now his strongroom for the gold. Stephen’s embarrassed hand moved +over the shells heaped in the cold stone mortar: whelks and money +cowries and leopard shells: and this, whorled as an emir’s turban, and +this, the scallop of saint James. An old pilgrim’s hoard, dead +treasure, hollow shells. + +A sovereign fell, bright and new, on the soft pile of the tablecloth. + +—Three, Mr Deasy said, turning his little savingsbox about in his hand. +These are handy things to have. See. This is for sovereigns. This is +for shillings. Sixpences, halfcrowns. And here crowns. See. + +He shot from it two crowns and two shillings. + +—Three twelve, he said. I think you’ll find that’s right. + +—Thank you, sir, Stephen said, gathering the money together with shy +haste and putting it all in a pocket of his trousers. + +—No thanks at all, Mr Deasy said. You have earned it. + +Stephen’s hand, free again, went back to the hollow shells. Symbols too +of beauty and of power. A lump in my pocket: symbols soiled by greed +and misery. + +—Don’t carry it like that, Mr Deasy said. You’ll pull it out somewhere +and lose it. You just buy one of these machines. You’ll find them very +handy. + +Answer something. + +—Mine would be often empty, Stephen said. + +The same room and hour, the same wisdom: and I the same. Three times +now. Three nooses round me here. Well? I can break them in this instant +if I will. + +—Because you don’t save, Mr Deasy said, pointing his finger. You don’t +know yet what money is. Money is power. When you have lived as long as +I have. I know, I know. If youth but knew. But what does Shakespeare +say? _Put but money in thy purse._ + +—Iago, Stephen murmured. + +He lifted his gaze from the idle shells to the old man’s stare. + +—He knew what money was, Mr Deasy said. He made money. A poet, yes, but +an Englishman too. Do you know what is the pride of the English? Do you +know what is the proudest word you will ever hear from an Englishman’s +mouth? + +The seas’ ruler. His seacold eyes looked on the empty bay: it seems +history is to blame: on me and on my words, unhating. + +—That on his empire, Stephen said, the sun never sets. + +—Ba! Mr Deasy cried. That’s not English. A French Celt said that. He +tapped his savingsbox against his thumbnail. + +—I will tell you, he said solemnly, what is his proudest boast. _I paid +my way._ + +Good man, good man. + +_—I paid my way. I never borrowed a shilling in my life._ Can you feel +that? _I owe nothing._ Can you? + +Mulligan, nine pounds, three pairs of socks, one pair brogues, ties. +Curran, ten guineas. McCann, one guinea. Fred Ryan, two shillings. +Temple, two lunches. Russell, one guinea, Cousins, ten shillings, Bob +Reynolds, half a guinea, Koehler, three guineas, Mrs MacKernan, five +weeks’ board. The lump I have is useless. + +—For the moment, no, Stephen answered. + +Mr Deasy laughed with rich delight, putting back his savingsbox. + +—I knew you couldn’t, he said joyously. But one day you must feel it. +We are a generous people but we must also be just. + +—I fear those big words, Stephen said, which make us so unhappy. + +Mr Deasy stared sternly for some moments over the mantelpiece at the +shapely bulk of a man in tartan fillibegs: Albert Edward, prince of +Wales. + +—You think me an old fogey and an old tory, his thoughtful voice said. +I saw three generations since O’Connell’s time. I remember the famine +in ’46. Do you know that the orange lodges agitated for repeal of the +union twenty years before O’Connell did or before the prelates of your +communion denounced him as a demagogue? You fenians forget some things. + +Glorious, pious and immortal memory. The lodge of Diamond in Armagh the +splendid behung with corpses of papishes. Hoarse, masked and armed, the +planters’ covenant. The black north and true blue bible. Croppies lie +down. + +Stephen sketched a brief gesture. + +—I have rebel blood in me too, Mr Deasy said. On the spindle side. But +I am descended from sir John Blackwood who voted for the union. We are +all Irish, all kings’ sons. + +—Alas, Stephen said. + +—_Per vias rectas_, Mr Deasy said firmly, was his motto. He voted for +it and put on his topboots to ride to Dublin from the Ards of Down to +do so. + + Lal the ral the ra + The rocky road to Dublin. + +A gruff squire on horseback with shiny topboots. Soft day, sir John! +Soft day, your honour!... Day!... Day!... Two topboots jog dangling on +to Dublin. Lal the ral the ra. Lal the ral the raddy. + +—That reminds me, Mr Deasy said. You can do me a favour, Mr Dedalus, +with some of your literary friends. I have a letter here for the press. +Sit down a moment. I have just to copy the end. + +He went to the desk near the window, pulled in his chair twice and read +off some words from the sheet on the drum of his typewriter. + +—Sit down. Excuse me, he said over his shoulder, _the dictates of +common sense._ Just a moment. + +He peered from under his shaggy brows at the manuscript by his elbow +and, muttering, began to prod the stiff buttons of the keyboard slowly, +sometimes blowing as he screwed up the drum to erase an error. + +Stephen seated himself noiselessly before the princely presence. Framed +around the walls images of vanished horses stood in homage, their meek +heads poised in air: lord Hastings’ _Repulse_, the duke of +Westminster’s _Shotover_, the duke of Beaufort’s _Ceylon_, _prix de +Paris_, 1866. Elfin riders sat them, watchful of a sign. He saw their +speeds, backing king’s colours, and shouted with the shouts of vanished +crowds. + +—Full stop, Mr Deasy bade his keys. _But prompt ventilation of this +allimportant question..._ + +Where Cranly led me to get rich quick, hunting his winners among the +mudsplashed brakes, amid the bawls of bookies on their pitches and reek +of the canteen, over the motley slush. Even money _Fair Rebel._ Ten to +one the field. Dicers and thimbleriggers we hurried by after the hoofs, +the vying caps and jackets and past the meatfaced woman, a butcher’s +dame, nuzzling thirstily her clove of orange. + +Shouts rang shrill from the boys’ playfield and a whirring whistle. + +Again: a goal. I am among them, among their battling bodies in a +medley, the joust of life. You mean that knockkneed mother’s darling +who seems to be slightly crawsick? Jousts. Time shocked rebounds, shock +by shock. Jousts, slush and uproar of battles, the frozen deathspew of +the slain, a shout of spearspikes baited with men’s bloodied guts. + +—Now then, Mr Deasy said, rising. + +He came to the table, pinning together his sheets. Stephen stood up. + +—I have put the matter into a nutshell, Mr Deasy said. It’s about the +foot and mouth disease. Just look through it. There can be no two +opinions on the matter. + +May I trespass on your valuable space. That doctrine of _laissez faire_ +which so often in our history. Our cattle trade. The way of all our old +industries. Liverpool ring which jockeyed the Galway harbour scheme. +European conflagration. Grain supplies through the narrow waters of the +channel. The pluterperfect imperturbability of the department of +agriculture. Pardoned a classical allusion. Cassandra. By a woman who +was no better than she should be. To come to the point at issue. + +—I don’t mince words, do I? Mr Deasy asked as Stephen read on. + +Foot and mouth disease. Known as Koch’s preparation. Serum and virus. +Percentage of salted horses. Rinderpest. Emperor’s horses at Mürzsteg, +lower Austria. Veterinary surgeons. Mr Henry Blackwood Price. Courteous +offer a fair trial. Dictates of common sense. Allimportant question. In +every sense of the word take the bull by the horns. Thanking you for +the hospitality of your columns. + +—I want that to be printed and read, Mr Deasy said. You will see at the +next outbreak they will put an embargo on Irish cattle. And it can be +cured. It is cured. My cousin, Blackwood Price, writes to me it is +regularly treated and cured in Austria by cattledoctors there. They +offer to come over here. I am trying to work up influence with the +department. Now I’m going to try publicity. I am surrounded by +difficulties, by... intrigues by... backstairs influence by... + +He raised his forefinger and beat the air oldly before his voice spoke. + +—Mark my words, Mr Dedalus, he said. England is in the hands of the +jews. In all the highest places: her finance, her press. And they are +the signs of a nation’s decay. Wherever they gather they eat up the +nation’s vital strength. I have seen it coming these years. As sure as +we are standing here the jew merchants are already at their work of +destruction. Old England is dying. + +He stepped swiftly off, his eyes coming to blue life as they passed a +broad sunbeam. He faced about and back again. + +—Dying, he said again, if not dead by now. + + The harlot’s cry from street to street + Shall weave old England’s windingsheet. + +His eyes open wide in vision stared sternly across the sunbeam in which +he halted. + +—A merchant, Stephen said, is one who buys cheap and sells dear, jew or +gentile, is he not? + +—They sinned against the light, Mr Deasy said gravely. And you can see +the darkness in their eyes. And that is why they are wanderers on the +earth to this day. + +On the steps of the Paris stock exchange the goldskinned men quoting +prices on their gemmed fingers. Gabble of geese. They swarmed loud, +uncouth about the temple, their heads thickplotting under maladroit +silk hats. Not theirs: these clothes, this speech, these gestures. +Their full slow eyes belied the words, the gestures eager and +unoffending, but knew the rancours massed about them and knew their +zeal was vain. Vain patience to heap and hoard. Time surely would +scatter all. A hoard heaped by the roadside: plundered and passing on. +Their eyes knew their years of wandering and, patient, knew the +dishonours of their flesh. + +—Who has not? Stephen said. + +—What do you mean? Mr Deasy asked. + +He came forward a pace and stood by the table. His underjaw fell +sideways open uncertainly. Is this old wisdom? He waits to hear from +me. + +—History, Stephen said, is a nightmare from which I am trying to awake. + +From the playfield the boys raised a shout. A whirring whistle: goal. +What if that nightmare gave you a back kick? + +—The ways of the Creator are not our ways, Mr Deasy said. All human +history moves towards one great goal, the manifestation of God. + +Stephen jerked his thumb towards the window, saying: + +—That is God. + +Hooray! Ay! Whrrwhee! + +—What? Mr Deasy asked. + +—A shout in the street, Stephen answered, shrugging his shoulders. + +Mr Deasy looked down and held for awhile the wings of his nose tweaked +between his fingers. Looking up again he set them free. + +—I am happier than you are, he said. We have committed many errors and +many sins. A woman brought sin into the world. For a woman who was no +better than she should be, Helen, the runaway wife of Menelaus, ten +years the Greeks made war on Troy. A faithless wife first brought the +strangers to our shore here, MacMurrough’s wife and her leman, +O’Rourke, prince of Breffni. A woman too brought Parnell low. Many +errors, many failures but not the one sin. I am a struggler now at the +end of my days. But I will fight for the right till the end. + + For Ulster will fight + And Ulster will be right. + +Stephen raised the sheets in his hand. + +—Well, sir, he began. + +—I foresee, Mr Deasy said, that you will not remain here very long at +this work. You were not born to be a teacher, I think. Perhaps I am +wrong. + +—A learner rather, Stephen said. + +And here what will you learn more? + +Mr Deasy shook his head. + +—Who knows? he said. To learn one must be humble. But life is the great +teacher. + +Stephen rustled the sheets again. + +—As regards these, he began. + +—Yes, Mr Deasy said. You have two copies there. If you can have them +published at once. + +_ Telegraph. Irish Homestead._ + +—I will try, Stephen said, and let you know tomorrow. I know two +editors slightly. + +—That will do, Mr Deasy said briskly. I wrote last night to Mr Field, +M.P. There is a meeting of the cattletraders’ association today at the +City Arms hotel. I asked him to lay my letter before the meeting. You +see if you can get it into your two papers. What are they? + +_—The Evening Telegraph..._ + +—That will do, Mr Deasy said. There is no time to lose. Now I have to +answer that letter from my cousin. + +—Good morning, sir, Stephen said, putting the sheets in his pocket. +Thank you. + +—Not at all, Mr Deasy said as he searched the papers on his desk. I +like to break a lance with you, old as I am. + +—Good morning, sir, Stephen said again, bowing to his bent back. + +He went out by the open porch and down the gravel path under the trees, +hearing the cries of voices and crack of sticks from the playfield. The +lions couchant on the pillars as he passed out through the gate: +toothless terrors. Still I will help him in his fight. Mulligan will +dub me a new name: the bullockbefriending bard. + +—Mr Dedalus! + +Running after me. No more letters, I hope. + +—Just one moment. + +—Yes, sir, Stephen said, turning back at the gate. + +Mr Deasy halted, breathing hard and swallowing his breath. + +—I just wanted to say, he said. Ireland, they say, has the honour of +being the only country which never persecuted the jews. Do you know +that? No. And do you know why? + +He frowned sternly on the bright air. + +—Why, sir? Stephen asked, beginning to smile. + +—Because she never let them in, Mr Deasy said solemnly. + +A coughball of laughter leaped from his throat dragging after it a +rattling chain of phlegm. He turned back quickly, coughing, laughing, +his lifted arms waving to the air. + +—She never let them in, he cried again through his laughter as he +stamped on gaitered feet over the gravel of the path. That’s why. + +On his wise shoulders through the checkerwork of leaves the sun flung +spangles, dancing coins. + + + + +[ 3 ] + + +Ineluctable modality of the visible: at least that if no more, thought +through my eyes. Signatures of all things I am here to read, seaspawn +and seawrack, the nearing tide, that rusty boot. Snotgreen, bluesilver, +rust: coloured signs. Limits of the diaphane. But he adds: in bodies. +Then he was aware of them bodies before of them coloured. How? By +knocking his sconce against them, sure. Go easy. Bald he was and a +millionaire, _maestro di color che sanno_. Limit of the diaphane in. +Why in? Diaphane, adiaphane. If you can put your five fingers through +it it is a gate, if not a door. Shut your eyes and see. + +Stephen closed his eyes to hear his boots crush crackling wrack and +shells. You are walking through it howsomever. I am, a stride at a +time. A very short space of time through very short times of space. +Five, six: the _nacheinander_. Exactly: and that is the ineluctable +modality of the audible. Open your eyes. No. Jesus! If I fell over a +cliff that beetles o’er his base, fell through the _nebeneinander_ +ineluctably! I am getting on nicely in the dark. My ash sword hangs at +my side. Tap with it: they do. My two feet in his boots are at the ends +of his legs, _nebeneinander_. Sounds solid: made by the mallet of _Los +Demiurgos_. Am I walking into eternity along Sandymount strand? Crush, +crack, crick, crick. Wild sea money. Dominie Deasy kens them a’. + + Won’t you come to Sandymount, + Madeline the mare? + +Rhythm begins, you see. I hear. A catalectic tetrameter of iambs +marching. No, agallop: _deline the mare_. + +Open your eyes now. I will. One moment. Has all vanished since? If I +open and am for ever in the black adiaphane. _Basta!_ I will see if I +can see. + +See now. There all the time without you: and ever shall be, world +without end. + +They came down the steps from Leahy’s terrace prudently, +_Frauenzimmer_: and down the shelving shore flabbily, their splayed +feet sinking in the silted sand. Like me, like Algy, coming down to our +mighty mother. Number one swung lourdily her midwife’s bag, the other’s +gamp poked in the beach. From the liberties, out for the day. Mrs +Florence MacCabe, relict of the late Patk MacCabe, deeply lamented, of +Bride Street. One of her sisterhood lugged me squealing into life. +Creation from nothing. What has she in the bag? A misbirth with a +trailing navelcord, hushed in ruddy wool. The cords of all link back, +strandentwining cable of all flesh. That is why mystic monks. Will you +be as gods? Gaze in your _omphalos_. Hello. Kinch here. Put me on to +Edenville. Aleph, alpha: nought, nought, one. + +Spouse and helpmate of Adam Kadmon: Heva, naked Eve. She had no navel. +Gaze. Belly without blemish, bulging big, a buckler of taut vellum, no, +whiteheaped corn, orient and immortal, standing from everlasting to +everlasting. Womb of sin. + +Wombed in sin darkness I was too, made not begotten. By them, the man +with my voice and my eyes and a ghostwoman with ashes on her breath. +They clasped and sundered, did the coupler’s will. From before the ages +He willed me and now may not will me away or ever. A _lex eterna_ stays +about Him. Is that then the divine substance wherein Father and Son are +consubstantial? Where is poor dear Arius to try conclusions? Warring +his life long upon the contransmagnificandjewbangtantiality. Illstarred +heresiarch! In a Greek watercloset he breathed his last: _euthanasia_. +With beaded mitre and with crozier, stalled upon his throne, widower of +a widowed see, with upstiffed _omophorion_, with clotted hinderparts. + +Airs romped round him, nipping and eager airs. They are coming, waves. +The whitemaned seahorses, champing, brightwindbridled, the steeds of +Mananaan. + +I mustn’t forget his letter for the press. And after? The Ship, half +twelve. By the way go easy with that money like a good young imbecile. +Yes, I must. + +His pace slackened. Here. Am I going to aunt Sara’s or not? My +consubstantial father’s voice. Did you see anything of your artist +brother Stephen lately? No? Sure he’s not down in Strasburg terrace +with his aunt Sally? Couldn’t he fly a bit higher than that, eh? And +and and and tell us, Stephen, how is uncle Si? O, weeping God, the +things I married into! De boys up in de hayloft. The drunken little +costdrawer and his brother, the cornet player. Highly respectable +gondoliers! And skeweyed Walter sirring his father, no less! Sir. Yes, +sir. No, sir. Jesus wept: and no wonder, by Christ! + +I pull the wheezy bell of their shuttered cottage: and wait. They take +me for a dun, peer out from a coign of vantage. + +—It’s Stephen, sir. + +—Let him in. Let Stephen in. + +A bolt drawn back and Walter welcomes me. + +—We thought you were someone else. + +In his broad bed nuncle Richie, pillowed and blanketed, extends over +the hillock of his knees a sturdy forearm. Cleanchested. He has washed +the upper moiety. + +—Morrow, nephew. + +He lays aside the lapboard whereon he drafts his bills of costs for the +eyes of master Goff and master Shapland Tandy, filing consents and +common searches and a writ of _Duces Tecum_. A bogoak frame over his +bald head: Wilde’s _Requiescat_. The drone of his misleading whistle +brings Walter back. + +—Yes, sir? + +—Malt for Richie and Stephen, tell mother. Where is she? + +—Bathing Crissie, sir. + +Papa’s little bedpal. Lump of love. + +—No, uncle Richie... + +—Call me Richie. Damn your lithia water. It lowers. Whusky! + +—Uncle Richie, really... + +—Sit down or by the law Harry I’ll knock you down. + +Walter squints vainly for a chair. + +—He has nothing to sit down on, sir. + +—He has nowhere to put it, you mug. Bring in our chippendale chair. +Would you like a bite of something? None of your damned lawdeedaw airs +here. The rich of a rasher fried with a herring? Sure? So much the +better. We have nothing in the house but backache pills. + +_All’erta!_ + +He drones bars of Ferrando’s _aria di sortita_. The grandest number, +Stephen, in the whole opera. Listen. + +His tuneful whistle sounds again, finely shaded, with rushes of the +air, his fists bigdrumming on his padded knees. + +This wind is sweeter. + +Houses of decay, mine, his and all. You told the Clongowes gentry you +had an uncle a judge and an uncle a general in the army. Come out of +them, Stephen. Beauty is not there. Nor in the stagnant bay of Marsh’s +library where you read the fading prophecies of Joachim Abbas. For +whom? The hundredheaded rabble of the cathedral close. A hater of his +kind ran from them to the wood of madness, his mane foaming in the +moon, his eyeballs stars. Houyhnhnm, horsenostrilled. The oval equine +faces, Temple, Buck Mulligan, Foxy Campbell, Lanternjaws. Abbas father, +furious dean, what offence laid fire to their brains? Paff! _Descende, +calve, ut ne nimium decalveris_. A garland of grey hair on his +comminated head see him me clambering down to the footpace +(_descende!_), clutching a monstrance, basiliskeyed. Get down, +baldpoll! A choir gives back menace and echo, assisting about the +altar’s horns, the snorted Latin of jackpriests moving burly in their +albs, tonsured and oiled and gelded, fat with the fat of kidneys of +wheat. + +And at the same instant perhaps a priest round the corner is elevating +it. Dringdring! And two streets off another locking it into a pyx. +Dringadring! And in a ladychapel another taking housel all to his own +cheek. Dringdring! Down, up, forward, back. Dan Occam thought of that, +invincible doctor. A misty English morning the imp hypostasis tickled +his brain. Bringing his host down and kneeling he heard twine with his +second bell the first bell in the transept (he is lifting his) and, +rising, heard (now I am lifting) their two bells (he is kneeling) twang +in diphthong. + +Cousin Stephen, you will never be a saint. Isle of saints. You were +awfully holy, weren’t you? You prayed to the Blessed Virgin that you +might not have a red nose. You prayed to the devil in Serpentine avenue +that the fubsy widow in front might lift her clothes still more from +the wet street. _O si, certo!_ Sell your soul for that, do, dyed rags +pinned round a squaw. More tell me, more still! On the top of the Howth +tram alone crying to the rain: _Naked women! Naked women!_ What about +that, eh? + +What about what? What else were they invented for? + +Reading two pages apiece of seven books every night, eh? I was young. +You bowed to yourself in the mirror, stepping forward to applause +earnestly, striking face. Hurray for the Goddamned idiot! Hray! No-one +saw: tell no-one. Books you were going to write with letters for +titles. Have you read his F? O yes, but I prefer Q. Yes, but W is +wonderful. O yes, W. Remember your epiphanies written on green oval +leaves, deeply deep, copies to be sent if you died to all the great +libraries of the world, including Alexandria? Someone was to read them +there after a few thousand years, a mahamanvantara. Pico della +Mirandola like. Ay, very like a whale. When one reads these strange +pages of one long gone one feels that one is at one with one who +once... + +The grainy sand had gone from under his feet. His boots trod again a +damp crackling mast, razorshells, squeaking pebbles, that on the +unnumbered pebbles beats, wood sieved by the shipworm, lost Armada. +Unwholesome sandflats waited to suck his treading soles, breathing +upward sewage breath, a pocket of seaweed smouldered in seafire under a +midden of man’s ashes. He coasted them, walking warily. A porterbottle +stood up, stogged to its waist, in the cakey sand dough. A sentinel: +isle of dreadful thirst. Broken hoops on the shore; at the land a maze +of dark cunning nets; farther away chalkscrawled backdoors and on the +higher beach a dryingline with two crucified shirts. Ringsend: wigwams +of brown steersmen and master mariners. Human shells. + +He halted. I have passed the way to aunt Sara’s. Am I not going there? +Seems not. No-one about. He turned northeast and crossed the firmer +sand towards the Pigeonhouse. + +_—Qui vous a mis dans cette fichue position?_ + +_—C’est le pigeon, Joseph._ + +Patrice, home on furlough, lapped warm milk with me in the bar +MacMahon. Son of the wild goose, Kevin Egan of Paris. My father’s a +bird, he lapped the sweet _lait chaud_ with pink young tongue, plump +bunny’s face. Lap, _lapin._ He hopes to win in the _gros lots_. About +the nature of women he read in Michelet. But he must send me _La Vie de +Jésus_ by M. Léo Taxil. Lent it to his friend. + +_—C’est tordant, vous savez. Moi, je suis socialiste. Je ne crois pas +en l’existence de Dieu. Faut pas le dire à mon père._ + +_—Il croit?_ + +_—Mon père, oui._ + +_Schluss_. He laps. + +My Latin quarter hat. God, we simply must dress the character. I want +puce gloves. You were a student, weren’t you? Of what in the other +devil’s name? Paysayenn. P. C. N., you know: _physiques, chimiques et +naturelles_. Aha. Eating your groatsworth of _mou en civet_, fleshpots +of Egypt, elbowed by belching cabmen. Just say in the most natural +tone: when I was in Paris; _boul’ Mich’_, I used to. Yes, used to carry +punched tickets to prove an alibi if they arrested you for murder +somewhere. Justice. On the night of the seventeenth of February 1904 +the prisoner was seen by two witnesses. Other fellow did it: other me. +Hat, tie, overcoat, nose. _Lui, c’est moi_. You seem to have enjoyed +yourself. + +Proudly walking. Whom were you trying to walk like? Forget: a +dispossessed. With mother’s money order, eight shillings, the banging +door of the post office slammed in your face by the usher. Hunger +toothache. _Encore deux minutes_. Look clock. Must get. _Fermé_. Hired +dog! Shoot him to bloody bits with a bang shotgun, bits man spattered +walls all brass buttons. Bits all khrrrrklak in place clack back. Not +hurt? O, that’s all right. Shake hands. See what I meant, see? O, +that’s all right. Shake a shake. O, that’s all only all right. + +You were going to do wonders, what? Missionary to Europe after fiery +Columbanus. Fiacre and Scotus on their creepystools in heaven spilt +from their pintpots, loudlatinlaughing: _Euge! Euge!_ Pretending to +speak broken English as you dragged your valise, porter threepence, +across the slimy pier at Newhaven. _Comment?_ Rich booty you brought +back; _Le Tutu_, five tattered numbers of _Pantalon Blanc et Culotte +Rouge_; a blue French telegram, curiosity to show: + +—Mother dying come home father. + +The aunt thinks you killed your mother. That’s why she won’t. + + Then here’s a health to Mulligan’s aunt + And I’ll tell you the reason why. + She always kept things decent in + The Hannigan famileye. + +His feet marched in sudden proud rhythm over the sand furrows, along by +the boulders of the south wall. He stared at them proudly, piled stone +mammoth skulls. Gold light on sea, on sand, on boulders. The sun is +there, the slender trees, the lemon houses. + +Paris rawly waking, crude sunlight on her lemon streets. Moist pith of +farls of bread, the froggreen wormwood, her matin incense, court the +air. Belluomo rises from the bed of his wife’s lover’s wife, the +kerchiefed housewife is astir, a saucer of acetic acid in her hand. In +Rodot’s Yvonne and Madeleine newmake their tumbled beauties, shattering +with gold teeth _chaussons_ of pastry, their mouths yellowed with the +_pus_ of _flan bréton_. Faces of Paris men go by, their wellpleased +pleasers, curled conquistadores. + +Noon slumbers. Kevin Egan rolls gunpowder cigarettes through fingers +smeared with printer’s ink, sipping his green fairy as Patrice his +white. About us gobblers fork spiced beans down their gullets. _Un demi +sétier!_ A jet of coffee steam from the burnished caldron. She serves +me at his beck. _Il est irlandais. Hollandais? Non fromage. Deux +irlandais, nous, Irlande, vous savez ah, oui!_ She thought you wanted a +cheese _hollandais_. Your postprandial, do you know that word? +Postprandial. There was a fellow I knew once in Barcelona, queer +fellow, used to call it his postprandial. Well: _slainte!_ Around the +slabbed tables the tangle of wined breaths and grumbling gorges. His +breath hangs over our saucestained plates, the green fairy’s fang +thrusting between his lips. Of Ireland, the Dalcassians, of hopes, +conspiracies, of Arthur Griffith now, A E, pimander, good shepherd of +men. To yoke me as his yokefellow, our crimes our common cause. You’re +your father’s son. I know the voice. His fustian shirt, +sanguineflowered, trembles its Spanish tassels at his secrets. M. +Drumont, famous journalist, Drumont, know what he called queen +Victoria? Old hag with the yellow teeth. _Vieille ogresse_ with the +_dents jaunes_. Maud Gonne, beautiful woman, _La Patrie_, M. Millevoye, +Félix Faure, know how he died? Licentious men. The froeken, _bonne à +tout faire_, who rubs male nakedness in the bath at Upsala. _Moi +faire_, she said, _Tous les messieurs_. Not this _Monsieur_, I said. +Most licentious custom. Bath a most private thing. I wouldn’t let my +brother, not even my own brother, most lascivious thing. Green eyes, I +see you. Fang, I feel. Lascivious people. + +The blue fuse burns deadly between hands and burns clear. Loose +tobaccoshreds catch fire: a flame and acrid smoke light our corner. Raw +facebones under his peep of day boy’s hat. How the head centre got +away, authentic version. Got up as a young bride, man, veil, +orangeblossoms, drove out the road to Malahide. Did, faith. Of lost +leaders, the betrayed, wild escapes. Disguises, clutched at, gone, not +here. + +Spurned lover. I was a strapping young gossoon at that time, I tell +you. I’ll show you my likeness one day. I was, faith. Lover, for her +love he prowled with colonel Richard Burke, tanist of his sept, under +the walls of Clerkenwell and, crouching, saw a flame of vengeance hurl +them upward in the fog. Shattered glass and toppling masonry. In gay +Paree he hides, Egan of Paris, unsought by any save by me. Making his +day’s stations, the dingy printingcase, his three taverns, the +Montmartre lair he sleeps short night in, rue de la Goutte-d’Or, +damascened with flyblown faces of the gone. Loveless, landless, +wifeless. She is quite nicey comfy without her outcast man, madame in +rue Gît-le-Cœur, canary and two buck lodgers. Peachy cheeks, a zebra +skirt, frisky as a young thing’s. Spurned and undespairing. Tell Pat +you saw me, won’t you? I wanted to get poor Pat a job one time. _Mon +fils_, soldier of France. I taught him to sing _The boys of Kilkenny +are stout roaring blades_. Know that old lay? I taught Patrice that. +Old Kilkenny: saint Canice, Strongbow’s castle on the Nore. Goes like +this. _O, O_. He takes me, Napper Tandy, by the hand. + + O, O the boys of + Kilkenny... + +Weak wasting hand on mine. They have forgotten Kevin Egan, not he them. +Remembering thee, O Sion. + +He had come nearer the edge of the sea and wet sand slapped his boots. +The new air greeted him, harping in wild nerves, wind of wild air of +seeds of brightness. Here, I am not walking out to the Kish lightship, +am I? He stood suddenly, his feet beginning to sink slowly in the +quaking soil. Turn back. + +Turning, he scanned the shore south, his feet sinking again slowly in +new sockets. The cold domed room of the tower waits. Through the +barbacans the shafts of light are moving ever, slowly ever as my feet +are sinking, creeping duskward over the dial floor. Blue dusk, +nightfall, deep blue night. In the darkness of the dome they wait, +their pushedback chairs, my obelisk valise, around a board of abandoned +platters. Who to clear it? He has the key. I will not sleep there when +this night comes. A shut door of a silent tower, entombing their blind +bodies, the panthersahib and his pointer. Call: no answer. He lifted +his feet up from the suck and turned back by the mole of boulders. Take +all, keep all. My soul walks with me, form of forms. So in the moon’s +midwatches I pace the path above the rocks, in sable silvered, hearing +Elsinore’s tempting flood. + +The flood is following me. I can watch it flow past from here. Get back +then by the Poolbeg road to the strand there. He climbed over the sedge +and eely oarweeds and sat on a stool of rock, resting his ashplant in a +grike. + +A bloated carcass of a dog lay lolled on bladderwrack. Before him the +gunwale of a boat, sunk in sand. _Un coche ensablé_ Louis Veuillot +called Gautier’s prose. These heavy sands are language tide and wind +have silted here. And these, the stoneheaps of dead builders, a warren +of weasel rats. Hide gold there. Try it. You have some. Sands and +stones. Heavy of the past. Sir Lout’s toys. Mind you don’t get one bang +on the ear. I’m the bloody well gigant rolls all them bloody well +boulders, bones for my steppingstones. Feefawfum. I zmellz de bloodz +odz an Iridzman. + +A point, live dog, grew into sight running across the sweep of sand. +Lord, is he going to attack me? Respect his liberty. You will not be +master of others or their slave. I have my stick. Sit tight. From +farther away, walking shoreward across from the crested tide, figures, +two. The two maries. They have tucked it safe mong the bulrushes. +Peekaboo. I see you. No, the dog. He is running back to them. Who? + +Galleys of the Lochlanns ran here to beach, in quest of prey, their +bloodbeaked prows riding low on a molten pewter surf. Dane vikings, +torcs of tomahawks aglitter on their breasts when Malachi wore the +collar of gold. A school of turlehide whales stranded in hot noon, +spouting, hobbling in the shallows. Then from the starving cagework +city a horde of jerkined dwarfs, my people, with flayers’ knives, +running, scaling, hacking in green blubbery whalemeat. Famine, plague +and slaughters. Their blood is in me, their lusts my waves. I moved +among them on the frozen Liffey, that I, a changeling, among the +spluttering resin fires. I spoke to no-one: none to me. + +The dog’s bark ran towards him, stopped, ran back. Dog of my enemy. I +just simply stood pale, silent, bayed about. _Terribilia meditans_. A +primrose doublet, fortune’s knave, smiled on my fear. For that are you +pining, the bark of their applause? Pretenders: live their lives. The +Bruce’s brother, Thomas Fitzgerald, silken knight, Perkin Warbeck, +York’s false scion, in breeches of silk of whiterose ivory, wonder of a +day, and Lambert Simnel, with a tail of nans and sutlers, a scullion +crowned. All kings’ sons. Paradise of pretenders then and now. He saved +men from drowning and you shake at a cur’s yelping. But the courtiers +who mocked Guido in Or san Michele were in their own house. House of... +We don’t want any of your medieval abstrusiosities. Would you do what +he did? A boat would be near, a lifebuoy. _Natürlich_, put there for +you. Would you or would you not? The man that was drowned nine days ago +off Maiden’s rock. They are waiting for him now. The truth, spit it +out. I would want to. I would try. I am not a strong swimmer. Water +cold soft. When I put my face into it in the basin at Clongowes. Can’t +see! Who’s behind me? Out quickly, quickly! Do you see the tide flowing +quickly in on all sides, sheeting the lows of sand quickly, +shellcocoacoloured? If I had land under my feet. I want his life still +to be his, mine to be mine. A drowning man. His human eyes scream to me +out of horror of his death. I... With him together down... I could not +save her. Waters: bitter death: lost. + +A woman and a man. I see her skirties. Pinned up, I bet. + +Their dog ambled about a bank of dwindling sand, trotting, sniffing on +all sides. Looking for something lost in a past life. Suddenly he made +off like a bounding hare, ears flung back, chasing the shadow of a +lowskimming gull. The man’s shrieked whistle struck his limp ears. He +turned, bounded back, came nearer, trotted on twinkling shanks. On a +field tenney a buck, trippant, proper, unattired. At the lacefringe of +the tide he halted with stiff forehoofs, seawardpointed ears. His snout +lifted barked at the wavenoise, herds of seamorse. They serpented +towards his feet, curling, unfurling many crests, every ninth, +breaking, plashing, from far, from farther out, waves and waves. + +Cocklepickers. They waded a little way in the water and, stooping, +soused their bags and, lifting them again, waded out. The dog yelped +running to them, reared up and pawed them, dropping on all fours, again +reared up at them with mute bearish fawning. Unheeded he kept by them +as they came towards the drier sand, a rag of wolf’s tongue redpanting +from his jaws. His speckled body ambled ahead of them and then loped +off at a calf’s gallop. The carcass lay on his path. He stopped, +sniffed, stalked round it, brother, nosing closer, went round it, +sniffling rapidly like a dog all over the dead dog’s bedraggled fell. +Dogskull, dogsniff, eyes on the ground, moves to one great goal. Ah, +poor dogsbody! Here lies poor dogsbody’s body. + +—Tatters! Out of that, you mongrel! + +The cry brought him skulking back to his master and a blunt bootless +kick sent him unscathed across a spit of sand, crouched in flight. He +slunk back in a curve. Doesn’t see me. Along by the edge of the mole he +lolloped, dawdled, smelt a rock and from under a cocked hindleg pissed +against it. He trotted forward and, lifting again his hindleg, pissed +quick short at an unsmelt rock. The simple pleasures of the poor. His +hindpaws then scattered the sand: then his forepaws dabbled and delved. +Something he buried there, his grandmother. He rooted in the sand, +dabbling, delving and stopped to listen to the air, scraped up the sand +again with a fury of his claws, soon ceasing, a pard, a panther, got in +spousebreach, vulturing the dead. + +After he woke me last night same dream or was it? Wait. Open hallway. +Street of harlots. Remember. Haroun al Raschid. I am almosting it. That +man led me, spoke. I was not afraid. The melon he had he held against +my face. Smiled: creamfruit smell. That was the rule, said. In. Come. +Red carpet spread. You will see who. + +Shouldering their bags they trudged, the red Egyptians. His blued feet +out of turnedup trousers slapped the clammy sand, a dull brick muffler +strangling his unshaven neck. With woman steps she followed: the +ruffian and his strolling mort. Spoils slung at her back. Loose sand +and shellgrit crusted her bare feet. About her windraw face hair +trailed. Behind her lord, his helpmate, bing awast to Romeville. When +night hides her body’s flaws calling under her brown shawl from an +archway where dogs have mired. Her fancyman is treating two Royal +Dublins in O’Loughlin’s of Blackpitts. Buss her, wap in rogues’ rum +lingo, for, O, my dimber wapping dell! A shefiend’s whiteness under her +rancid rags. Fumbally’s lane that night: the tanyard smells. + + White thy fambles, red thy gan + And thy quarrons dainty is. + Couch a hogshead with me then. + In the darkmans clip and kiss. + +Morose delectation Aquinas tunbelly calls this, _frate porcospino_. +Unfallen Adam rode and not rutted. Call away let him: _thy quarrons +dainty is_. Language no whit worse than his. Monkwords, marybeads +jabber on their girdles: roguewords, tough nuggets patter in their +pockets. + +Passing now. + +A side eye at my Hamlet hat. If I were suddenly naked here as I sit? I +am not. Across the sands of all the world, followed by the sun’s +flaming sword, to the west, trekking to evening lands. She trudges, +schlepps, trains, drags, trascines her load. A tide westering, +moondrawn, in her wake. Tides, myriadislanded, within her, blood not +mine, _oinopa ponton_, a winedark sea. Behold the handmaid of the moon. +In sleep the wet sign calls her hour, bids her rise. Bridebed, +childbed, bed of death, ghostcandled. _Omnis caro ad te veniet_. He +comes, pale vampire, through storm his eyes, his bat sails bloodying +the sea, mouth to her mouth’s kiss. + +Here. Put a pin in that chap, will you? My tablets. Mouth to her kiss. +No. Must be two of em. Glue em well. Mouth to her mouth’s kiss. + +His lips lipped and mouthed fleshless lips of air: mouth to her moomb. +Oomb, allwombing tomb. His mouth moulded issuing breath, unspeeched: +ooeeehah: roar of cataractic planets, globed, blazing, roaring +wayawayawayawayaway. Paper. The banknotes, blast them. Old Deasy’s +letter. Here. Thanking you for the hospitality tear the blank end off. +Turning his back to the sun he bent over far to a table of rock and +scribbled words. That’s twice I forgot to take slips from the library +counter. + +His shadow lay over the rocks as he bent, ending. Why not endless till +the farthest star? Darkly they are there behind this light, darkness +shining in the brightness, delta of Cassiopeia, worlds. Me sits there +with his augur’s rod of ash, in borrowed sandals, by day beside a livid +sea, unbeheld, in violet night walking beneath a reign of uncouth +stars. I throw this ended shadow from me, manshape ineluctable, call it +back. Endless, would it be mine, form of my form? Who watches me here? +Who ever anywhere will read these written words? Signs on a white +field. Somewhere to someone in your flutiest voice. The good bishop of +Cloyne took the veil of the temple out of his shovel hat: veil of space +with coloured emblems hatched on its field. Hold hard. Coloured on a +flat: yes, that’s right. Flat I see, then think distance, near, far, +flat I see, east, back. Ah, see now! Falls back suddenly, frozen in +stereoscope. Click does the trick. You find my words dark. Darkness is +in our souls do you not think? Flutier. Our souls, shamewounded by our +sins, cling to us yet more, a woman to her lover clinging, the more the +more. + +She trusts me, her hand gentle, the longlashed eyes. Now where the blue +hell am I bringing her beyond the veil? Into the ineluctable modality +of the ineluctable visuality. She, she, she. What she? The virgin at +Hodges Figgis’ window on Monday looking in for one of the alphabet +books you were going to write. Keen glance you gave her. Wrist through +the braided jesse of her sunshade. She lives in Leeson park with a +grief and kickshaws, a lady of letters. Talk that to someone else, +Stevie: a pickmeup. Bet she wears those curse of God stays suspenders +and yellow stockings, darned with lumpy wool. Talk about apple +dumplings, _piuttosto_. Where are your wits? + +Touch me. Soft eyes. Soft soft soft hand. I am lonely here. O, touch me +soon, now. What is that word known to all men? I am quiet here alone. +Sad too. Touch, touch me. + +He lay back at full stretch over the sharp rocks, cramming the +scribbled note and pencil into a pocket, his hat tilted down on his +eyes. That is Kevin Egan’s movement I made, nodding for his nap, +sabbath sleep. _Et vidit Deus. Et erant valde bona_. Alo! _Bonjour_. +Welcome as the flowers in May. Under its leaf he watched through +peacocktwittering lashes the southing sun. I am caught in this burning +scene. Pan’s hour, the faunal noon. Among gumheavy serpentplants, +milkoozing fruits, where on the tawny waters leaves lie wide. Pain is +far. + + And no more turn aside and brood. + +His gaze brooded on his broadtoed boots, a buck’s castoffs, +_nebeneinander_. He counted the creases of rucked leather wherein +another’s foot had nested warm. The foot that beat the ground in +tripudium, foot I dislove. But you were delighted when Esther Osvalt’s +shoe went on you: girl I knew in Paris. _Tiens, quel petit pied!_ +Staunch friend, a brother soul: Wilde’s love that dare not speak its +name. His arm: Cranly’s arm. He now will leave me. And the blame? As I +am. As I am. All or not at all. + +In long lassoes from the Cock lake the water flowed full, covering +greengoldenly lagoons of sand, rising, flowing. My ashplant will float +away. I shall wait. No, they will pass on, passing, chafing against the +low rocks, swirling, passing. Better get this job over quick. Listen: a +fourworded wavespeech: seesoo, hrss, rsseeiss, ooos. Vehement breath of +waters amid seasnakes, rearing horses, rocks. In cups of rocks it +slops: flop, slop, slap: bounded in barrels. And, spent, its speech +ceases. It flows purling, widely flowing, floating foampool, flower +unfurling. + +Under the upswelling tide he saw the writhing weeds lift languidly and +sway reluctant arms, hising up their petticoats, in whispering water +swaying and upturning coy silver fronds. Day by day: night by night: +lifted, flooded and let fall. Lord, they are weary; and, whispered to, +they sigh. Saint Ambrose heard it, sigh of leaves and waves, waiting, +awaiting the fullness of their times, _diebus ac noctibus iniurias +patiens ingemiscit_. To no end gathered; vainly then released, +forthflowing, wending back: loom of the moon. Weary too in sight of +lovers, lascivious men, a naked woman shining in her courts, she draws +a toil of waters. + +Five fathoms out there. Full fathom five thy father lies. At one, he +said. Found drowned. High water at Dublin bar. Driving before it a +loose drift of rubble, fanshoals of fishes, silly shells. A corpse +rising saltwhite from the undertow, bobbing a pace a pace a porpoise +landward. There he is. Hook it quick. Pull. Sunk though he be beneath +the watery floor. We have him. Easy now. + +Bag of corpsegas sopping in foul brine. A quiver of minnows, fat of a +spongy titbit, flash through the slits of his buttoned trouserfly. God +becomes man becomes fish becomes barnacle goose becomes featherbed +mountain. Dead breaths I living breathe, tread dead dust, devour a +urinous offal from all dead. Hauled stark over the gunwale he breathes +upward the stench of his green grave, his leprous nosehole snoring to +the sun. + +A seachange this, brown eyes saltblue. Seadeath, mildest of all deaths +known to man. Old Father Ocean. _Prix de Paris_: beware of imitations. +Just you give it a fair trial. We enjoyed ourselves immensely. + +Come. I thirst. Clouding over. No black clouds anywhere, are there? +Thunderstorm. Allbright he falls, proud lightning of the intellect, +_Lucifer, dico, qui nescit occasum_. No. My cockle hat and staff and +hismy sandal shoon. Where? To evening lands. Evening will find itself. + +He took the hilt of his ashplant, lunging with it softly, dallying +still. Yes, evening will find itself in me, without me. All days make +their end. By the way next when is it Tuesday will be the longest day. +Of all the glad new year, mother, the rum tum tiddledy tum. Lawn +Tennyson, gentleman poet. _Già_. For the old hag with the yellow teeth. +And Monsieur Drumont, gentleman journalist. _Già_. My teeth are very +bad. Why, I wonder. Feel. That one is going too. Shells. Ought I go to +a dentist, I wonder, with that money? That one. This. Toothless Kinch, +the superman. Why is that, I wonder, or does it mean something perhaps? + +My handkerchief. He threw it. I remember. Did I not take it up? + +His hand groped vainly in his pockets. No, I didn’t. Better buy one. + +He laid the dry snot picked from his nostril on a ledge of rock, +carefully. For the rest let look who will. + +Behind. Perhaps there is someone. + +He turned his face over a shoulder, rere regardant. Moving through the +air high spars of a threemaster, her sails brailed up on the +crosstrees, homing, upstream, silently moving, a silent ship. + + + + +— II — + + +[ 4 ] + +Mr Leopold Bloom ate with relish the inner organs of beasts and fowls. +He liked thick giblet soup, nutty gizzards, a stuffed roast heart, +liverslices fried with crustcrumbs, fried hencods’ roes. Most of all he +liked grilled mutton kidneys which gave to his palate a fine tang of +faintly scented urine. + +Kidneys were in his mind as he moved about the kitchen softly, righting +her breakfast things on the humpy tray. Gelid light and air were in the +kitchen but out of doors gentle summer morning everywhere. Made him +feel a bit peckish. + +The coals were reddening. + +Another slice of bread and butter: three, four: right. She didn’t like +her plate full. Right. He turned from the tray, lifted the kettle off +the hob and set it sideways on the fire. It sat there, dull and squat, +its spout stuck out. Cup of tea soon. Good. Mouth dry. The cat walked +stiffly round a leg of the table with tail on high. + +—Mkgnao! + +—O, there you are, Mr Bloom said, turning from the fire. + +The cat mewed in answer and stalked again stiffly round a leg of the +table, mewing. Just how she stalks over my writingtable. Prr. Scratch +my head. Prr. + +Mr Bloom watched curiously, kindly the lithe black form. Clean to see: +the gloss of her sleek hide, the white button under the butt of her +tail, the green flashing eyes. He bent down to her, his hands on his +knees. + +—Milk for the pussens, he said. + +—Mrkgnao! the cat cried. + +They call them stupid. They understand what we say better than we +understand them. She understands all she wants to. Vindictive too. +Cruel. Her nature. Curious mice never squeal. Seem to like it. Wonder +what I look like to her. Height of a tower? No, she can jump me. + +—Afraid of the chickens she is, he said mockingly. Afraid of the +chookchooks. I never saw such a stupid pussens as the pussens. + +—Mrkrgnao! the cat said loudly. + +She blinked up out of her avid shameclosing eyes, mewing plaintively +and long, showing him her milkwhite teeth. He watched the dark eyeslits +narrowing with greed till her eyes were green stones. Then he went to +the dresser, took the jug Hanlon’s milkman had just filled for him, +poured warmbubbled milk on a saucer and set it slowly on the floor. + +—Gurrhr! she cried, running to lap. + +He watched the bristles shining wirily in the weak light as she tipped +three times and licked lightly. Wonder is it true if you clip them they +can’t mouse after. Why? They shine in the dark, perhaps, the tips. Or +kind of feelers in the dark, perhaps. + +He listened to her licking lap. Ham and eggs, no. No good eggs with +this drouth. Want pure fresh water. Thursday: not a good day either for +a mutton kidney at Buckley’s. Fried with butter, a shake of pepper. +Better a pork kidney at Dlugacz’s. While the kettle is boiling. She +lapped slower, then licking the saucer clean. Why are their tongues so +rough? To lap better, all porous holes. Nothing she can eat? He glanced +round him. No. + +On quietly creaky boots he went up the staircase to the hall, paused by +the bedroom door. She might like something tasty. Thin bread and butter +she likes in the morning. Still perhaps: once in a way. + +He said softly in the bare hall: + +—I’m going round the corner. Be back in a minute. + +And when he had heard his voice say it he added: + +—You don’t want anything for breakfast? + +A sleepy soft grunt answered: + +—Mn. + +No. She didn’t want anything. He heard then a warm heavy sigh, softer, +as she turned over and the loose brass quoits of the bedstead jingled. +Must get those settled really. Pity. All the way from Gibraltar. +Forgotten any little Spanish she knew. Wonder what her father gave for +it. Old style. Ah yes! of course. Bought it at the governor’s auction. +Got a short knock. Hard as nails at a bargain, old Tweedy. Yes, sir. At +Plevna that was. I rose from the ranks, sir, and I’m proud of it. Still +he had brains enough to make that corner in stamps. Now that was +farseeing. + +His hand took his hat from the peg over his initialled heavy overcoat +and his lost property office secondhand waterproof. Stamps: stickyback +pictures. Daresay lots of officers are in the swim too. Course they do. +The sweated legend in the crown of his hat told him mutely: Plasto’s +high grade ha. He peeped quickly inside the leather headband. White +slip of paper. Quite safe. + +On the doorstep he felt in his hip pocket for the latchkey. Not there. +In the trousers I left off. Must get it. Potato I have. Creaky +wardrobe. No use disturbing her. She turned over sleepily that time. He +pulled the halldoor to after him very quietly, more, till the footleaf +dropped gently over the threshold, a limp lid. Looked shut. All right +till I come back anyhow. + +He crossed to the bright side, avoiding the loose cellarflap of number +seventyfive. The sun was nearing the steeple of George’s church. Be a +warm day I fancy. Specially in these black clothes feel it more. Black +conducts, reflects, (refracts is it?), the heat. But I couldn’t go in +that light suit. Make a picnic of it. His eyelids sank quietly often as +he walked in happy warmth. Boland’s breadvan delivering with trays our +daily but she prefers yesterday’s loaves turnovers crisp crowns hot. +Makes you feel young. Somewhere in the east: early morning: set off at +dawn. Travel round in front of the sun, steal a day’s march on him. +Keep it up for ever never grow a day older technically. Walk along a +strand, strange land, come to a city gate, sentry there, old ranker +too, old Tweedy’s big moustaches, leaning on a long kind of a spear. +Wander through awned streets. Turbaned faces going by. Dark caves of +carpet shops, big man, Turko the terrible, seated crosslegged, smoking +a coiled pipe. Cries of sellers in the streets. Drink water scented +with fennel, sherbet. Dander along all day. Might meet a robber or two. +Well, meet him. Getting on to sundown. The shadows of the mosques among +the pillars: priest with a scroll rolled up. A shiver of the trees, +signal, the evening wind. I pass on. Fading gold sky. A mother watches +me from her doorway. She calls her children home in their dark +language. High wall: beyond strings twanged. Night sky, moon, violet, +colour of Molly’s new garters. Strings. Listen. A girl playing one of +those instruments what do you call them: dulcimers. I pass. + +Probably not a bit like it really. Kind of stuff you read: in the track +of the sun. Sunburst on the titlepage. He smiled, pleasing himself. +What Arthur Griffith said about the headpiece over the _Freeman_ +leader: a homerule sun rising up in the northwest from the laneway +behind the bank of Ireland. He prolonged his pleased smile. Ikey touch +that: homerule sun rising up in the northwest. + +He approached Larry O’Rourke’s. From the cellar grating floated up the +flabby gush of porter. Through the open doorway the bar squirted out +whiffs of ginger, teadust, biscuitmush. Good house, however: just the +end of the city traffic. For instance M’Auley’s down there: n. g. as +position. Of course if they ran a tramline along the North Circular +from the cattlemarket to the quays value would go up like a shot. + +Baldhead over the blind. Cute old codger. No use canvassing him for an +ad. Still he knows his own business best. There he is, sure enough, my +bold Larry, leaning against the sugarbin in his shirtsleeves watching +the aproned curate swab up with mop and bucket. Simon Dedalus takes him +off to a tee with his eyes screwed up. Do you know what I’m going to +tell you? What’s that, Mr O’Rourke? Do you know what? The Russians, +they’d only be an eight o’clock breakfast for the Japanese. + +Stop and say a word: about the funeral perhaps. Sad thing about poor +Dignam, Mr O’Rourke. + +Turning into Dorset street he said freshly in greeting through the +doorway: + +—Good day, Mr O’Rourke. + +—Good day to you. + +—Lovely weather, sir. + +—’Tis all that. + +Where do they get the money? Coming up redheaded curates from the +county Leitrim, rinsing empties and old man in the cellar. Then, lo and +behold, they blossom out as Adam Findlaters or Dan Tallons. Then think +of the competition. General thirst. Good puzzle would be cross Dublin +without passing a pub. Save it they can’t. Off the drunks perhaps. Put +down three and carry five. What is that, a bob here and there, dribs +and drabs. On the wholesale orders perhaps. Doing a double shuffle with +the town travellers. Square it you with the boss and we’ll split the +job, see? + +How much would that tot to off the porter in the month? Say ten barrels +of stuff. Say he got ten per cent off. O more. Fifteen. He passed Saint +Joseph’s National school. Brats’ clamour. Windows open. Fresh air helps +memory. Or a lilt. Ahbeesee defeegee kelomen opeecue rustyouvee +doubleyou. Boys are they? Yes. Inishturk. Inishark. Inishboffin. At +their joggerfry. Mine. Slieve Bloom. + +He halted before Dlugacz’s window, staring at the hanks of sausages, +polonies, black and white. Fifteen multiplied by. The figures whitened +in his mind, unsolved: displeased, he let them fade. The shiny links, +packed with forcemeat, fed his gaze and he breathed in tranquilly the +lukewarm breath of cooked spicy pigs’ blood. + +A kidney oozed bloodgouts on the willowpatterned dish: the last. He +stood by the nextdoor girl at the counter. Would she buy it too, +calling the items from a slip in her hand? Chapped: washingsoda. And a +pound and a half of Denny’s sausages. His eyes rested on her vigorous +hips. Woods his name is. Wonder what he does. Wife is oldish. New +blood. No followers allowed. Strong pair of arms. Whacking a carpet on +the clothesline. She does whack it, by George. The way her crooked +skirt swings at each whack. + +The ferreteyed porkbutcher folded the sausages he had snipped off with +blotchy fingers, sausagepink. Sound meat there: like a stallfed heifer. + +He took a page up from the pile of cut sheets: the model farm at +Kinnereth on the lakeshore of Tiberias. Can become ideal winter +sanatorium. Moses Montefiore. I thought he was. Farmhouse, wall round +it, blurred cattle cropping. He held the page from him: interesting: +read it nearer, the title, the blurred cropping cattle, the page +rustling. A young white heifer. Those mornings in the cattlemarket, the +beasts lowing in their pens, branded sheep, flop and fall of dung, the +breeders in hobnailed boots trudging through the litter, slapping a +palm on a ripemeated hindquarter, there’s a prime one, unpeeled +switches in their hands. He held the page aslant patiently, bending his +senses and his will, his soft subject gaze at rest. The crooked skirt +swinging, whack by whack by whack. + +The porkbutcher snapped two sheets from the pile, wrapped up her prime +sausages and made a red grimace. + +—Now, my miss, he said. + +She tendered a coin, smiling boldly, holding her thick wrist out. + +—Thank you, my miss. And one shilling threepence change. For you, +please? + +Mr Bloom pointed quickly. To catch up and walk behind her if she went +slowly, behind her moving hams. Pleasant to see first thing in the +morning. Hurry up, damn it. Make hay while the sun shines. She stood +outside the shop in sunlight and sauntered lazily to the right. He +sighed down his nose: they never understand. Sodachapped hands. Crusted +toenails too. Brown scapulars in tatters, defending her both ways. The +sting of disregard glowed to weak pleasure within his breast. For +another: a constable off duty cuddling her in Eccles’ Lane. They like +them sizeable. Prime sausage. O please, Mr Policeman, I’m lost in the +wood. + +—Threepence, please. + +His hand accepted the moist tender gland and slid it into a sidepocket. +Then it fetched up three coins from his trousers’ pocket and laid them +on the rubber prickles. They lay, were read quickly and quickly slid, +disc by disc, into the till. + +—Thank you, sir. Another time. + +A speck of eager fire from foxeyes thanked him. He withdrew his gaze +after an instant. No: better not: another time. + +—Good morning, he said, moving away. + +—Good morning, sir. + +No sign. Gone. What matter? + +He walked back along Dorset street, reading gravely. Agendath Netaim: +planters’ company. To purchase waste sandy tracts from Turkish +government and plant with eucalyptus trees. Excellent for shade, fuel +and construction. Orangegroves and immense melonfields north of Jaffa. +You pay eighty marks and they plant a dunam of land for you with +olives, oranges, almonds or citrons. Olives cheaper: oranges need +artificial irrigation. Every year you get a sending of the crop. Your +name entered for life as owner in the book of the union. Can pay ten +down and the balance in yearly instalments. Bleibtreustrasse 34, +Berlin, W. 15. + +Nothing doing. Still an idea behind it. + +He looked at the cattle, blurred in silver heat. Silverpowdered +olivetrees. Quiet long days: pruning, ripening. Olives are packed in +jars, eh? I have a few left from Andrews. Molly spitting them out. +Knows the taste of them now. Oranges in tissue paper packed in crates. +Citrons too. Wonder is poor Citron still in Saint Kevin’s parade. And +Mastiansky with the old cither. Pleasant evenings we had then. Molly in +Citron’s basketchair. Nice to hold, cool waxen fruit, hold in the hand, +lift it to the nostrils and smell the perfume. Like that, heavy, sweet, +wild perfume. Always the same, year after year. They fetched high +prices too, Moisel told me. Arbutus place: Pleasants street: pleasant +old times. Must be without a flaw, he said. Coming all that way: Spain, +Gibraltar, Mediterranean, the Levant. Crates lined up on the quayside +at Jaffa, chap ticking them off in a book, navvies handling them +barefoot in soiled dungarees. There’s whatdoyoucallhim out of. How do +you? Doesn’t see. Chap you know just to salute bit of a bore. His back +is like that Norwegian captain’s. Wonder if I’ll meet him today. +Watering cart. To provoke the rain. On earth as it is in heaven. + +A cloud began to cover the sun slowly, wholly. Grey. Far. + +No, not like that. A barren land, bare waste. Vulcanic lake, the dead +sea: no fish, weedless, sunk deep in the earth. No wind could lift +those waves, grey metal, poisonous foggy waters. Brimstone they called +it raining down: the cities of the plain: Sodom, Gomorrah, Edom. All +dead names. A dead sea in a dead land, grey and old. Old now. It bore +the oldest, the first race. A bent hag crossed from Cassidy’s, +clutching a naggin bottle by the neck. The oldest people. Wandered far +away over all the earth, captivity to captivity, multiplying, dying, +being born everywhere. It lay there now. Now it could bear no more. +Dead: an old woman’s: the grey sunken cunt of the world. + +Desolation. + +Grey horror seared his flesh. Folding the page into his pocket he +turned into Eccles street, hurrying homeward. Cold oils slid along his +veins, chilling his blood: age crusting him with a salt cloak. Well, I +am here now. Yes, I am here now. Morning mouth bad images. Got up wrong +side of the bed. Must begin again those Sandow’s exercises. On the +hands down. Blotchy brown brick houses. Number eighty still unlet. Why +is that? Valuation is only twentyeight. Towers, Battersby, North, +MacArthur: parlour windows plastered with bills. Plasters on a sore +eye. To smell the gentle smoke of tea, fume of the pan, sizzling +butter. Be near her ample bedwarmed flesh. Yes, yes. + +Quick warm sunlight came running from Berkeley road, swiftly, in slim +sandals, along the brightening footpath. Runs, she runs to meet me, a +girl with gold hair on the wind. + +Two letters and a card lay on the hallfloor. He stooped and gathered +them. Mrs Marion Bloom. His quickened heart slowed at once. Bold hand. +Mrs Marion. + +—Poldy! + +Entering the bedroom he halfclosed his eyes and walked through warm +yellow twilight towards her tousled head. + +—Who are the letters for? + +He looked at them. Mullingar. Milly. + +—A letter for me from Milly, he said carefully, and a card to you. And +a letter for you. + +He laid her card and letter on the twill bedspread near the curve of +her knees. + +—Do you want the blind up? + +Letting the blind up by gentle tugs halfway his backward eye saw her +glance at the letter and tuck it under her pillow. + +—That do? he asked, turning. + +She was reading the card, propped on her elbow. + +—She got the things, she said. + +He waited till she had laid the card aside and curled herself back +slowly with a snug sigh. + +—Hurry up with that tea, she said. I’m parched. + +—The kettle is boiling, he said. + +But he delayed to clear the chair: her striped petticoat, tossed soiled +linen: and lifted all in an armful on to the foot of the bed. + +As he went down the kitchen stairs she called: + +—Poldy! + +—What? + +—Scald the teapot. + +On the boil sure enough: a plume of steam from the spout. He scalded +and rinsed out the teapot and put in four full spoons of tea, tilting +the kettle then to let the water flow in. Having set it to draw he took +off the kettle, crushed the pan flat on the live coals and watched the +lump of butter slide and melt. While he unwrapped the kidney the cat +mewed hungrily against him. Give her too much meat she won’t mouse. Say +they won’t eat pork. Kosher. Here. He let the bloodsmeared paper fall +to her and dropped the kidney amid the sizzling butter sauce. Pepper. +He sprinkled it through his fingers ringwise from the chipped eggcup. + +Then he slit open his letter, glancing down the page and over. Thanks: +new tam: Mr Coghlan: lough Owel picnic: young student: Blazes Boylan’s +seaside girls. + +The tea was drawn. He filled his own moustachecup, sham crown Derby, +smiling. Silly Milly’s birthday gift. Only five she was then. No, wait: +four. I gave her the amberoid necklace she broke. Putting pieces of +folded brown paper in the letterbox for her. He smiled, pouring. + + O, Milly Bloom, you are my darling. + You are my lookingglass from night to morning. + I’d rather have you without a farthing + Than Katey Keogh with her ass and garden. + +Poor old professor Goodwin. Dreadful old case. Still he was a courteous +old chap. Oldfashioned way he used to bow Molly off the platform. And +the little mirror in his silk hat. The night Milly brought it into the +parlour. O, look what I found in professor Goodwin’s hat! All we +laughed. Sex breaking out even then. Pert little piece she was. + +He prodded a fork into the kidney and slapped it over: then fitted the +teapot on the tray. Its hump bumped as he took it up. Everything on it? +Bread and butter, four, sugar, spoon, her cream. Yes. He carried it +upstairs, his thumb hooked in the teapot handle. + +Nudging the door open with his knee he carried the tray in and set it +on the chair by the bedhead. + +—What a time you were! she said. + +She set the brasses jingling as she raised herself briskly, an elbow on +the pillow. He looked calmly down on her bulk and between her large +soft bubs, sloping within her nightdress like a shegoat’s udder. The +warmth of her couched body rose on the air, mingling with the fragrance +of the tea she poured. + +A strip of torn envelope peeped from under the dimpled pillow. In the +act of going he stayed to straighten the bedspread. + +—Who was the letter from? he asked. + +Bold hand. Marion. + +—O, Boylan, she said. He’s bringing the programme. + +—What are you singing? + +—_Là ci darem_ with J. C. Doyle, she said, and _Love’s Old Sweet Song_. + +Her full lips, drinking, smiled. Rather stale smell that incense leaves +next day. Like foul flowerwater. + +—Would you like the window open a little? + +She doubled a slice of bread into her mouth, asking: + +—What time is the funeral? + +—Eleven, I think, he answered. I didn’t see the paper. + +Following the pointing of her finger he took up a leg of her soiled +drawers from the bed. No? Then, a twisted grey garter looped round a +stocking: rumpled, shiny sole. + +—No: that book. + +Other stocking. Her petticoat. + +—It must have fell down, she said. + +He felt here and there. _Voglio e non vorrei_. Wonder if she pronounces +that right: _voglio_. Not in the bed. Must have slid down. He stooped +and lifted the valance. The book, fallen, sprawled against the bulge of +the orangekeyed chamberpot. + +—Show here, she said. I put a mark in it. There’s a word I wanted to +ask you. + +She swallowed a draught of tea from her cup held by nothandle and, +having wiped her fingertips smartly on the blanket, began to search the +text with the hairpin till she reached the word. + +—Met him what? he asked. + +—Here, she said. What does that mean? + +He leaned downward and read near her polished thumbnail. + +—Metempsychosis? + +—Yes. Who’s he when he’s at home? + +—Metempsychosis, he said, frowning. It’s Greek: from the Greek. That +means the transmigration of souls. + +—O, rocks! she said. Tell us in plain words. + +He smiled, glancing askance at her mocking eyes. The same young eyes. +The first night after the charades. Dolphin’s Barn. He turned over the +smudged pages. _Ruby: the Pride of the Ring_. Hello. Illustration. +Fierce Italian with carriagewhip. Must be Ruby pride of the on the +floor naked. Sheet kindly lent. _The monster Maffei desisted and flung +his victim from him with an oath_. Cruelty behind it all. Doped +animals. Trapeze at Hengler’s. Had to look the other way. Mob gaping. +Break your neck and we’ll break our sides. Families of them. Bone them +young so they metamspychosis. That we live after death. Our souls. That +a man’s soul after he dies. Dignam’s soul... + +—Did you finish it? he asked. + +—Yes, she said. There’s nothing smutty in it. Is she in love with the +first fellow all the time? + +—Never read it. Do you want another? + +—Yes. Get another of Paul de Kock’s. Nice name he has. + +She poured more tea into her cup, watching it flow sideways. + +Must get that Capel street library book renewed or they’ll write to +Kearney, my guarantor. Reincarnation: that’s the word. + +—Some people believe, he said, that we go on living in another body +after death, that we lived before. They call it reincarnation. That we +all lived before on the earth thousands of years ago or some other +planet. They say we have forgotten it. Some say they remember their +past lives. + +The sluggish cream wound curdling spirals through her tea. Better +remind her of the word: metempsychosis. An example would be better. An +example? + +The _Bath of the Nymph_ over the bed. Given away with the Easter number +of _Photo Bits_: Splendid masterpiece in art colours. Tea before you +put milk in. Not unlike her with her hair down: slimmer. Three and six +I gave for the frame. She said it would look nice over the bed. Naked +nymphs: Greece: and for instance all the people that lived then. + +He turned the pages back. + +—Metempsychosis, he said, is what the ancient Greeks called it. They +used to believe you could be changed into an animal or a tree, for +instance. What they called nymphs, for example. + +Her spoon ceased to stir up the sugar. She gazed straight before her, +inhaling through her arched nostrils. + +—There’s a smell of burn, she said. Did you leave anything on the fire? + +—The kidney! he cried suddenly. + +He fitted the book roughly into his inner pocket and, stubbing his toes +against the broken commode, hurried out towards the smell, stepping +hastily down the stairs with a flurried stork’s legs. Pungent smoke +shot up in an angry jet from a side of the pan. By prodding a prong of +the fork under the kidney he detached it and turned it turtle on its +back. Only a little burnt. He tossed it off the pan on to a plate and +let the scanty brown gravy trickle over it. + +Cup of tea now. He sat down, cut and buttered a slice of the loaf. He +shore away the burnt flesh and flung it to the cat. Then he put a +forkful into his mouth, chewing with discernment the toothsome pliant +meat. Done to a turn. A mouthful of tea. Then he cut away dies of +bread, sopped one in the gravy and put it in his mouth. What was that +about some young student and a picnic? He creased out the letter at his +side, reading it slowly as he chewed, sopping another die of bread in +the gravy and raising it to his mouth. + + +Dearest Papli + +Thanks ever so much for the lovely birthday present. It suits me +splendid. Everyone says I am quite the belle in my new tam. I got +mummy’s lovely box of creams and am writing. They are lovely. I am +getting on swimming in the photo business now. Mr Coghlan took one of +me and Mrs. Will send when developed. We did great biz yesterday. Fair +day and all the beef to the heels were in. We are going to lough Owel +on Monday with a few friends to make a scrap picnic. Give my love to +mummy and to yourself a big kiss and thanks. I hear them at the piano +downstairs. There is to be a concert in the Greville Arms on Saturday. +There is a young student comes here some evenings named Bannon his +cousins or something are big swells and he sings Boylan’s (I was on the +pop of writing Blazes Boylan’s) song about those seaside girls. Tell +him silly Milly sends my best respects. I must now close with fondest +love + + Your fond daughter + Milly + +P. S. Excuse bad writing am in hurry. Byby. + + M. + + +Fifteen yesterday. Curious, fifteenth of the month too. Her first +birthday away from home. Separation. Remember the summer morning she +was born, running to knock up Mrs Thornton in Denzille street. Jolly +old woman. Lot of babies she must have helped into the world. She knew +from the first poor little Rudy wouldn’t live. Well, God is good, sir. +She knew at once. He would be eleven now if he had lived. + +His vacant face stared pityingly at the postscript. Excuse bad writing. +Hurry. Piano downstairs. Coming out of her shell. Row with her in the +XL Café about the bracelet. Wouldn’t eat her cakes or speak or look. +Saucebox. He sopped other dies of bread in the gravy and ate piece +after piece of kidney. Twelve and six a week. Not much. Still, she +might do worse. Music hall stage. Young student. He drank a draught of +cooler tea to wash down his meal. Then he read the letter again: twice. + +O, well: she knows how to mind herself. But if not? No, nothing has +happened. Of course it might. Wait in any case till it does. A wild +piece of goods. Her slim legs running up the staircase. Destiny. +Ripening now. Vain: very. + +He smiled with troubled affection at the kitchen window. Day I caught +her in the street pinching her cheeks to make them red. Anemic a +little. Was given milk too long. On the _Erin’s King_ that day round +the Kish. Damned old tub pitching about. Not a bit funky. Her pale blue +scarf loose in the wind with her hair. + + All dimpled cheeks and curls, + Your head it simply swirls. + +Seaside girls. Torn envelope. Hands stuck in his trousers’ pockets, +jarvey off for the day, singing. Friend of the family. Swurls, he says. +Pier with lamps, summer evening, band. + + Those girls, those girls, + Those lovely seaside girls. + +Milly too. Young kisses: the first. Far away now past. Mrs Marion. +Reading, lying back now, counting the strands of her hair, smiling, +braiding. + +A soft qualm, regret, flowed down his backbone, increasing. Will +happen, yes. Prevent. Useless: can’t move. Girl’s sweet light lips. +Will happen too. He felt the flowing qualm spread over him. Useless to +move now. Lips kissed, kissing, kissed. Full gluey woman’s lips. + +Better where she is down there: away. Occupy her. Wanted a dog to pass +the time. Might take a trip down there. August bank holiday, only two +and six return. Six weeks off, however. Might work a press pass. Or +through M’Coy. + +The cat, having cleaned all her fur, returned to the meatstained paper, +nosed at it and stalked to the door. She looked back at him, mewing. +Wants to go out. Wait before a door sometime it will open. Let her +wait. Has the fidgets. Electric. Thunder in the air. Was washing at her +ear with her back to the fire too. + +He felt heavy, full: then a gentle loosening of his bowels. He stood +up, undoing the waistband of his trousers. The cat mewed to him. + +—Miaow! he said in answer. Wait till I’m ready. + +Heaviness: hot day coming. Too much trouble to fag up the stairs to the +landing. + +A paper. He liked to read at stool. Hope no ape comes knocking just as +I’m. + +In the tabledrawer he found an old number of _Titbits_. He folded it +under his armpit, went to the door and opened it. The cat went up in +soft bounds. Ah, wanted to go upstairs, curl up in a ball on the bed. + +Listening, he heard her voice: + +—Come, come, pussy. Come. + +He went out through the backdoor into the garden: stood to listen +towards the next garden. No sound. Perhaps hanging clothes out to dry. +The maid was in the garden. Fine morning. + +He bent down to regard a lean file of spearmint growing by the wall. +Make a summerhouse here. Scarlet runners. Virginia creepers. Want to +manure the whole place over, scabby soil. A coat of liver of sulphur. +All soil like that without dung. Household slops. Loam, what is this +that is? The hens in the next garden: their droppings are very good top +dressing. Best of all though are the cattle, especially when they are +fed on those oilcakes. Mulch of dung. Best thing to clean ladies’ kid +gloves. Dirty cleans. Ashes too. Reclaim the whole place. Grow peas in +that corner there. Lettuce. Always have fresh greens then. Still +gardens have their drawbacks. That bee or bluebottle here Whitmonday. + +He walked on. Where is my hat, by the way? Must have put it back on the +peg. Or hanging up on the floor. Funny I don’t remember that. Hallstand +too full. Four umbrellas, her raincloak. Picking up the letters. +Drago’s shopbell ringing. Queer I was just thinking that moment. Brown +brillantined hair over his collar. Just had a wash and brushup. Wonder +have I time for a bath this morning. Tara street. Chap in the paybox +there got away James Stephens, they say. O’Brien. + +Deep voice that fellow Dlugacz has. Agendath what is it? Now, my miss. +Enthusiast. + +He kicked open the crazy door of the jakes. Better be careful not to +get these trousers dirty for the funeral. He went in, bowing his head +under the low lintel. Leaving the door ajar, amid the stench of mouldy +limewash and stale cobwebs he undid his braces. Before sitting down he +peered through a chink up at the nextdoor windows. The king was in his +countinghouse. Nobody. + +Asquat on the cuckstool he folded out his paper, turning its pages over +on his bared knees. Something new and easy. No great hurry. Keep it a +bit. Our prize titbit: _Matcham’s Masterstroke_. Written by Mr Philip +Beaufoy, Playgoers’ Club, London. Payment at the rate of one guinea a +column has been made to the writer. Three and a half. Three pounds +three. Three pounds, thirteen and six. + +Quietly he read, restraining himself, the first column and, yielding +but resisting, began the second. Midway, his last resistance yielding, +he allowed his bowels to ease themselves quietly as he read, reading +still patiently that slight constipation of yesterday quite gone. Hope +it’s not too big bring on piles again. No, just right. So. Ah! Costive. +One tabloid of cascara sagrada. Life might be so. It did not move or +touch him but it was something quick and neat. Print anything now. +Silly season. He read on, seated calm above his own rising smell. Neat +certainly. _Matcham often thinks of the masterstroke by which he won +the laughing witch who now_. Begins and ends morally. _Hand in hand_. +Smart. He glanced back through what he had read and, while feeling his +water flow quietly, he envied kindly Mr Beaufoy who had written it and +received payment of three pounds, thirteen and six. + +Might manage a sketch. By Mr and Mrs L. M. Bloom. Invent a story for +some proverb. Which? Time I used to try jotting down on my cuff what +she said dressing. Dislike dressing together. Nicked myself shaving. +Biting her nether lip, hooking the placket of her skirt. Timing her. +9.15. Did Roberts pay you yet? 9.20. What had Gretta Conroy on? 9.23. +What possessed me to buy this comb? 9.24. I’m swelled after that +cabbage. A speck of dust on the patent leather of her boot. + +Rubbing smartly in turn each welt against her stockinged calf. Morning +after the bazaar dance when May’s band played Ponchielli’s dance of the +hours. Explain that: morning hours, noon, then evening coming on, then +night hours. Washing her teeth. That was the first night. Her head +dancing. Her fansticks clicking. Is that Boylan well off? He has money. +Why? I noticed he had a good rich smell off his breath dancing. No use +humming then. Allude to it. Strange kind of music that last night. The +mirror was in shadow. She rubbed her handglass briskly on her woollen +vest against her full wagging bub. Peering into it. Lines in her eyes. +It wouldn’t pan out somehow. + +Evening hours, girls in grey gauze. Night hours then: black with +daggers and eyemasks. Poetical idea: pink, then golden, then grey, then +black. Still, true to life also. Day: then the night. + +He tore away half the prize story sharply and wiped himself with it. +Then he girded up his trousers, braced and buttoned himself. He pulled +back the jerky shaky door of the jakes and came forth from the gloom +into the air. + +In the bright light, lightened and cooled in limb, he eyed carefully +his black trousers: the ends, the knees, the houghs of the knees. What +time is the funeral? Better find out in the paper. + +A creak and a dark whirr in the air high up. The bells of George’s +church. They tolled the hour: loud dark iron. + + Heigho! Heigho! + Heigho! Heigho! + Heigho! Heigho! + +Quarter to. There again: the overtone following through the air. A +third. + +Poor Dignam! + + + + +[ 5 ] + + +By lorries along sir John Rogerson’s quay Mr Bloom walked soberly, past +Windmill lane, Leask’s the linseed crusher, the postal telegraph +office. Could have given that address too. And past the sailors’ home. +He turned from the morning noises of the quayside and walked through +Lime street. By Brady’s cottages a boy for the skins lolled, his bucket +of offal linked, smoking a chewed fagbutt. A smaller girl with scars of +eczema on her forehead eyed him, listlessly holding her battered +caskhoop. Tell him if he smokes he won’t grow. O let him! His life +isn’t such a bed of roses. Waiting outside pubs to bring da home. Come +home to ma, da. Slack hour: won’t be many there. He crossed Townsend +street, passed the frowning face of Bethel. El, yes: house of: Aleph, +Beth. And past Nichols’ the undertaker. At eleven it is. Time enough. +Daresay Corny Kelleher bagged the job for O’Neill’s. Singing with his +eyes shut. Corny. Met her once in the park. In the dark. What a lark. +Police tout. Her name and address she then told with my tooraloom +tooraloom tay. O, surely he bagged it. Bury him cheap in a +whatyoumaycall. With my tooraloom, tooraloom, tooraloom, tooraloom. + +In Westland row he halted before the window of the Belfast and Oriental +Tea Company and read the legends of leadpapered packets: choice blend, +finest quality, family tea. Rather warm. Tea. Must get some from Tom +Kernan. Couldn’t ask him at a funeral, though. While his eyes still +read blandly he took off his hat quietly inhaling his hairoil and sent +his right hand with slow grace over his brow and hair. Very warm +morning. Under their dropped lids his eyes found the tiny bow of the +leather headband inside his high grade ha. Just there. His right hand +came down into the bowl of his hat. His fingers found quickly a card +behind the headband and transferred it to his waistcoat pocket. + +So warm. His right hand once more more slowly went over his brow and +hair. Then he put on his hat again, relieved: and read again: choice +blend, made of the finest Ceylon brands. The far east. Lovely spot it +must be: the garden of the world, big lazy leaves to float about on, +cactuses, flowery meads, snaky lianas they call them. Wonder is it like +that. Those Cinghalese lobbing about in the sun in _dolce far niente_, +not doing a hand’s turn all day. Sleep six months out of twelve. Too +hot to quarrel. Influence of the climate. Lethargy. Flowers of +idleness. The air feeds most. Azotes. Hothouse in Botanic gardens. +Sensitive plants. Waterlilies. Petals too tired to. Sleeping sickness +in the air. Walk on roseleaves. Imagine trying to eat tripe and +cowheel. Where was the chap I saw in that picture somewhere? Ah yes, in +the dead sea floating on his back, reading a book with a parasol open. +Couldn’t sink if you tried: so thick with salt. Because the weight of +the water, no, the weight of the body in the water is equal to the +weight of the what? Or is it the volume is equal to the weight? It’s a +law something like that. Vance in High school cracking his +fingerjoints, teaching. The college curriculum. Cracking curriculum. +What is weight really when you say the weight? Thirtytwo feet per +second per second. Law of falling bodies: per second per second. They +all fall to the ground. The earth. It’s the force of gravity of the +earth is the weight. + +He turned away and sauntered across the road. How did she walk with her +sausages? Like that something. As he walked he took the folded +_Freeman_ from his sidepocket, unfolded it, rolled it lengthwise in a +baton and tapped it at each sauntering step against his trouserleg. +Careless air: just drop in to see. Per second per second. Per second +for every second it means. From the curbstone he darted a keen glance +through the door of the postoffice. Too late box. Post here. No-one. +In. + +He handed the card through the brass grill. + +—Are there any letters for me? he asked. + +While the postmistress searched a pigeonhole he gazed at the recruiting +poster with soldiers of all arms on parade: and held the tip of his +baton against his nostrils, smelling freshprinted rag paper. No answer +probably. Went too far last time. + +The postmistress handed him back through the grill his card with a +letter. He thanked her and glanced rapidly at the typed envelope. + +Henry Flower Esq, +c/o P. O. Westland Row, + City. + + +Answered anyhow. He slipped card and letter into his sidepocket, +reviewing again the soldiers on parade. Where’s old Tweedy’s regiment? +Castoff soldier. There: bearskin cap and hackle plume. No, he’s a +grenadier. Pointed cuffs. There he is: royal Dublin fusiliers. +Redcoats. Too showy. That must be why the women go after them. Uniform. +Easier to enlist and drill. Maud Gonne’s letter about taking them off +O’Connell street at night: disgrace to our Irish capital. Griffith’s +paper is on the same tack now: an army rotten with venereal disease: +overseas or halfseasover empire. Half baked they look: hypnotised like. +Eyes front. Mark time. Table: able. Bed: ed. The King’s own. Never see +him dressed up as a fireman or a bobby. A mason, yes. + +He strolled out of the postoffice and turned to the right. Talk: as if +that would mend matters. His hand went into his pocket and a forefinger +felt its way under the flap of the envelope, ripping it open in jerks. +Women will pay a lot of heed, I don’t think. His fingers drew forth the +letter the letter and crumpled the envelope in his pocket. Something +pinned on: photo perhaps. Hair? No. + +M’Coy. Get rid of him quickly. Take me out of my way. Hate company when +you. + +—Hello, Bloom. Where are you off to? + +—Hello, M’Coy. Nowhere in particular. + +—How’s the body? + +—Fine. How are you? + +—Just keeping alive, M’Coy said. + +His eyes on the black tie and clothes he asked with low respect: + +—Is there any... no trouble I hope? I see you’re... + +—O, no, Mr Bloom said. Poor Dignam, you know. The funeral is today. + +—To be sure, poor fellow. So it is. What time? + +A photo it isn’t. A badge maybe. + +—E...eleven, Mr Bloom answered. + +—I must try to get out there, M’Coy said. Eleven, is it? I only heard +it last night. Who was telling me? Holohan. You know Hoppy? + +—I know. + +Mr Bloom gazed across the road at the outsider drawn up before the door +of the Grosvenor. The porter hoisted the valise up on the well. She +stood still, waiting, while the man, husband, brother, like her, +searched his pockets for change. Stylish kind of coat with that roll +collar, warm for a day like this, looks like blanketcloth. Careless +stand of her with her hands in those patch pockets. Like that haughty +creature at the polo match. Women all for caste till you touch the +spot. Handsome is and handsome does. Reserved about to yield. The +honourable Mrs and Brutus is an honourable man. Possess her once take +the starch out of her. + +—I was with Bob Doran, he’s on one of his periodical bends, and what do +you call him Bantam Lyons. Just down there in Conway’s we were. + +Doran Lyons in Conway’s. She raised a gloved hand to her hair. In came +Hoppy. Having a wet. Drawing back his head and gazing far from beneath +his vailed eyelids he saw the bright fawn skin shine in the glare, the +braided drums. Clearly I can see today. Moisture about gives long sight +perhaps. Talking of one thing or another. Lady’s hand. Which side will +she get up? + +—And he said: _Sad thing about our poor friend Paddy! What Paddy?_ I +said. _Poor little Paddy Dignam_, he said. + +Off to the country: Broadstone probably. High brown boots with laces +dangling. Wellturned foot. What is he foostering over that change for? +Sees me looking. Eye out for other fellow always. Good fallback. Two +strings to her bow. + +—_Why?_ I said. _What’s wrong with him?_ I said. + +Proud: rich: silk stockings. + +—Yes, Mr Bloom said. + +He moved a little to the side of M’Coy’s talking head. Getting up in a +minute. + +—_What’s wrong with him_? He said. _He’s dead_, he said. And, faith, he +filled up. _Is it Paddy Dignam_? I said. I couldn’t believe it when I +heard it. I was with him no later than Friday last or Thursday was it +in the Arch. _Yes,_ he said. _He’s gone. He died on Monday, poor +fellow_. + +Watch! Watch! Silk flash rich stockings white. Watch! + +A heavy tramcar honking its gong slewed between. + +Lost it. Curse your noisy pugnose. Feels locked out of it. Paradise and +the peri. Always happening like that. The very moment. Girl in Eustace +street hallway Monday was it settling her garter. Her friend covering +the display of. _Esprit de corps_. Well, what are you gaping at? + +—Yes, yes, Mr Bloom said after a dull sigh. Another gone. + +—One of the best, M’Coy said. + +The tram passed. They drove off towards the Loop Line bridge, her rich +gloved hand on the steel grip. Flicker, flicker: the laceflare of her +hat in the sun: flicker, flick. + +—Wife well, I suppose? M’Coy’s changed voice said. + +—O, yes, Mr Bloom said. Tiptop, thanks. + +He unrolled the newspaper baton idly and read idly: + + What is home without + Plumtree’s Potted Meat? + Incomplete. + With it an abode of bliss. + +—My missus has just got an engagement. At least it’s not settled yet. + +Valise tack again. By the way no harm. I’m off that, thanks. + +Mr Bloom turned his largelidded eyes with unhasty friendliness. + +—My wife too, he said. She’s going to sing at a swagger affair in the +Ulster Hall, Belfast, on the twentyfifth. + +—That so? M’Coy said. Glad to hear that, old man. Who’s getting it up? + +Mrs Marion Bloom. Not up yet. Queen was in her bedroom eating bread +and. No book. Blackened court cards laid along her thigh by sevens. +Dark lady and fair man. Letter. Cat furry black ball. Torn strip of +envelope. + + Love’s + Old + Sweet + Song + Comes lo-ove’s old... + +—It’s a kind of a tour, don’t you see, Mr Bloom said thoughtfully. +_Sweeeet song_. There’s a committee formed. Part shares and part +profits. + +M’Coy nodded, picking at his moustache stubble. + +—O, well, he said. That’s good news. + +He moved to go. + +—Well, glad to see you looking fit, he said. Meet you knocking around. + +—Yes, Mr Bloom said. + +—Tell you what, M’Coy said. You might put down my name at the funeral, +will you? I’d like to go but I mightn’t be able, you see. There’s a +drowning case at Sandycove may turn up and then the coroner and myself +would have to go down if the body is found. You just shove in my name +if I’m not there, will you? + +—I’ll do that, Mr Bloom said, moving to get off. That’ll be all right. + +—Right, M’Coy said brightly. Thanks, old man. I’d go if I possibly +could. Well, tolloll. Just C. P. M’Coy will do. + +—That will be done, Mr Bloom answered firmly. + +Didn’t catch me napping that wheeze. The quick touch. Soft mark. I’d +like my job. Valise I have a particular fancy for. Leather. Capped +corners, rivetted edges, double action lever lock. Bob Cowley lent him +his for the Wicklow regatta concert last year and never heard tidings +of it from that good day to this. + +Mr Bloom, strolling towards Brunswick street, smiled. My missus has +just got an. Reedy freckled soprano. Cheeseparing nose. Nice enough in +its way: for a little ballad. No guts in it. You and me, don’t you +know: in the same boat. Softsoaping. Give you the needle that would. +Can’t he hear the difference? Think he’s that way inclined a bit. +Against my grain somehow. Thought that Belfast would fetch him. I hope +that smallpox up there doesn’t get worse. Suppose she wouldn’t let +herself be vaccinated again. Your wife and my wife. + +Wonder is he pimping after me? + +Mr Bloom stood at the corner, his eyes wandering over the multicoloured +hoardings. Cantrell and Cochrane’s Ginger Ale (Aromatic). Clery’s +Summer Sale. No, he’s going on straight. Hello. _Leah_ tonight. Mrs +Bandmann Palmer. Like to see her again in that. _Hamlet_ she played +last night. Male impersonator. Perhaps he was a woman. Why Ophelia +committed suicide. Poor papa! How he used to talk of Kate Bateman in +that. Outside the Adelphi in London waited all the afternoon to get in. +Year before I was born that was: sixtyfive. And Ristori in Vienna. What +is this the right name is? By Mosenthal it is. Rachel, is it? No. The +scene he was always talking about where the old blind Abraham +recognises the voice and puts his fingers on his face. + +Nathan’s voice! His son’s voice! I hear the voice of Nathan who left +his father to die of grief and misery in my arms, who left the house of +his father and left the God of his father. + +Every word is so deep, Leopold. + +Poor papa! Poor man! I’m glad I didn’t go into the room to look at his +face. That day! O, dear! O, dear! Ffoo! Well, perhaps it was best for +him. + +Mr Bloom went round the corner and passed the drooping nags of the +hazard. No use thinking of it any more. Nosebag time. Wish I hadn’t met +that M’Coy fellow. + +He came nearer and heard a crunching of gilded oats, the gently +champing teeth. Their full buck eyes regarded him as he went by, amid +the sweet oaten reek of horsepiss. Their Eldorado. Poor jugginses! Damn +all they know or care about anything with their long noses stuck in +nosebags. Too full for words. Still they get their feed all right and +their doss. Gelded too: a stump of black guttapercha wagging limp +between their haunches. Might be happy all the same that way. Good poor +brutes they look. Still their neigh can be very irritating. + +He drew the letter from his pocket and folded it into the newspaper he +carried. Might just walk into her here. The lane is safer. + +He passed the cabman’s shelter. Curious the life of drifting cabbies. +All weathers, all places, time or setdown, no will of their own. +_Voglio e non_. Like to give them an odd cigarette. Sociable. Shout a +few flying syllables as they pass. He hummed: + + Là ci darem la mano + La la lala la la. + + +He turned into Cumberland street and, going on some paces, halted in +the lee of the station wall. No-one. Meade’s timberyard. Piled balks. +Ruins and tenements. With careful tread he passed over a hopscotch +court with its forgotten pickeystone. Not a sinner. Near the timberyard +a squatted child at marbles, alone, shooting the taw with a cunnythumb. +A wise tabby, a blinking sphinx, watched from her warm sill. Pity to +disturb them. Mohammed cut a piece out of his mantle not to wake her. +Open it. And once I played marbles when I went to that old dame’s +school. She liked mignonette. Mrs Ellis’s. And Mr? He opened the letter +within the newspaper. + +A flower. I think it’s a. A yellow flower with flattened petals. Not +annoyed then? What does she say? + + +Dear Henry + +I got your last letter to me and thank you very much for it. I am sorry +you did not like my last letter. Why did you enclose the stamps? I am +awfully angry with you. I do wish I could punish you for that. I called +you naughty boy because I do not like that other world. Please tell me +what is the real meaning of that word? Are you not happy in your home +you poor little naughty boy? I do wish I could do something for you. +Please tell me what you think of poor me. I often think of the +beautiful name you have. Dear Henry, when will we meet? I think of you +so often you have no idea. I have never felt myself so much drawn to a +man as you. I feel so bad about. Please write me a long letter and tell +me more. Remember if you do not I will punish you. So now you know what +I will do to you, you naughty boy, if you do not wrote. O how I long to +meet you. Henry dear, do not deny my request before my patience are +exhausted. Then I will tell you all. Goodbye now, naughty darling, I +have such a bad headache. today. and write _by return_ to your longing + +Martha + + +P. S. Do tell me what kind of perfume does your wife use. I want to +know. + + +He tore the flower gravely from its pinhold smelt its almost no smell +and placed it in his heart pocket. Language of flowers. They like it +because no-one can hear. Or a poison bouquet to strike him down. Then +walking slowly forward he read the letter again, murmuring here and +there a word. Angry tulips with you darling manflower punish your +cactus if you don’t please poor forgetmenot how I long violets to dear +roses when we soon anemone meet all naughty nightstalk wife Martha’s +perfume. Having read it all he took it from the newspaper and put it +back in his sidepocket. + +Weak joy opened his lips. Changed since the first letter. Wonder did +she wrote it herself. Doing the indignant: a girl of good family like +me, respectable character. Could meet one Sunday after the rosary. +Thank you: not having any. Usual love scrimmage. Then running round +corners. Bad as a row with Molly. Cigar has a cooling effect. Narcotic. +Go further next time. Naughty boy: punish: afraid of words, of course. +Brutal, why not? Try it anyhow. A bit at a time. + +Fingering still the letter in his pocket he drew the pin out of it. +Common pin, eh? He threw it on the road. Out of her clothes somewhere: +pinned together. Queer the number of pins they always have. No roses +without thorns. + +Flat Dublin voices bawled in his head. Those two sluts that night in +the Coombe, linked together in the rain. + + O, Mairy lost the pin of her drawers. + She didn’t know what to do + To keep it up, + To keep it up. + +It? Them. Such a bad headache. Has her roses probably. Or sitting all +day typing. Eyefocus bad for stomach nerves. What perfume does your +wife use. Now could you make out a thing like that? + + To keep it up. + +Martha, Mary. I saw that picture somewhere I forget now old master or +faked for money. He is sitting in their house, talking. Mysterious. +Also the two sluts in the Coombe would listen. + + To keep it up. + +Nice kind of evening feeling. No more wandering about. Just loll there: +quiet dusk: let everything rip. Forget. Tell about places you have +been, strange customs. The other one, jar on her head, was getting the +supper: fruit, olives, lovely cool water out of a well, stonecold like +the hole in the wall at Ashtown. Must carry a paper goblet next time I +go to the trottingmatches. She listens with big dark soft eyes. Tell +her: more and more: all. Then a sigh: silence. Long long long rest. + +Going under the railway arch he took out the envelope, tore it swiftly +in shreds and scattered them towards the road. The shreds fluttered +away, sank in the dank air: a white flutter, then all sank. + +Henry Flower. You could tear up a cheque for a hundred pounds in the +same way. Simple bit of paper. Lord Iveagh once cashed a sevenfigure +cheque for a million in the bank of Ireland. Shows you the money to be +made out of porter. Still the other brother lord Ardilaun has to change +his shirt four times a day, they say. Skin breeds lice or vermin. A +million pounds, wait a moment. Twopence a pint, fourpence a quart, +eightpence a gallon of porter, no, one and fourpence a gallon of +porter. One and four into twenty: fifteen about. Yes, exactly. Fifteen +millions of barrels of porter. + +What am I saying barrels? Gallons. About a million barrels all the +same. + +An incoming train clanked heavily above his head, coach after coach. +Barrels bumped in his head: dull porter slopped and churned inside. The +bungholes sprang open and a huge dull flood leaked out, flowing +together, winding through mudflats all over the level land, a lazy +pooling swirl of liquor bearing along wideleaved flowers of its froth. + +He had reached the open backdoor of All Hallows. Stepping into the +porch he doffed his hat, took the card from his pocket and tucked it +again behind the leather headband. Damn it. I might have tried to work +M’Coy for a pass to Mullingar. + +Same notice on the door. Sermon by the very reverend John Conmee S. J. +on saint Peter Claver S. J. and the African Mission. Prayers for the +conversion of Gladstone they had too when he was almost unconscious. +The protestants are the same. Convert Dr William J. Walsh D.D. to the +true religion. Save China’s millions. Wonder how they explain it to the +heathen Chinee. Prefer an ounce of opium. Celestials. Rank heresy for +them. Buddha their god lying on his side in the museum. Taking it easy +with hand under his cheek. Josssticks burning. Not like Ecce Homo. +Crown of thorns and cross. Clever idea Saint Patrick the shamrock. +Chopsticks? Conmee: Martin Cunningham knows him: distinguishedlooking. +Sorry I didn’t work him about getting Molly into the choir instead of +that Father Farley who looked a fool but wasn’t. They’re taught that. +He’s not going out in bluey specs with the sweat rolling off him to +baptise blacks, is he? The glasses would take their fancy, flashing. +Like to see them sitting round in a ring with blub lips, entranced, +listening. Still life. Lap it up like milk, I suppose. + +The cold smell of sacred stone called him. He trod the worn steps, +pushed the swingdoor and entered softly by the rere. + +Something going on: some sodality. Pity so empty. Nice discreet place +to be next some girl. Who is my neighbour? Jammed by the hour to slow +music. That woman at midnight mass. Seventh heaven. Women knelt in the +benches with crimson halters round their necks, heads bowed. A batch +knelt at the altarrails. The priest went along by them, murmuring, +holding the thing in his hands. He stopped at each, took out a +communion, shook a drop or two (are they in water?) off it and put it +neatly into her mouth. Her hat and head sank. Then the next one. Her +hat sank at once. Then the next one: a small old woman. The priest bent +down to put it into her mouth, murmuring all the time. Latin. The next +one. Shut your eyes and open your mouth. What? _Corpus:_ body. Corpse. +Good idea the Latin. Stupefies them first. Hospice for the dying. They +don’t seem to chew it: only swallow it down. Rum idea: eating bits of a +corpse. Why the cannibals cotton to it. + +He stood aside watching their blind masks pass down the aisle, one by +one, and seek their places. He approached a bench and seated himself in +its corner, nursing his hat and newspaper. These pots we have to wear. +We ought to have hats modelled on our heads. They were about him here +and there, with heads still bowed in their crimson halters, waiting for +it to melt in their stomachs. Something like those mazzoth: it’s that +sort of bread: unleavened shewbread. Look at them. Now I bet it makes +them feel happy. Lollipop. It does. Yes, bread of angels it’s called. +There’s a big idea behind it, kind of kingdom of God is within you +feel. First communicants. Hokypoky penny a lump. Then feel all like one +family party, same in the theatre, all in the same swim. They do. I’m +sure of that. Not so lonely. In our confraternity. Then come out a bit +spreeish. Let off steam. Thing is if you really believe in it. Lourdes +cure, waters of oblivion, and the Knock apparition, statues bleeding. +Old fellow asleep near that confessionbox. Hence those snores. Blind +faith. Safe in the arms of kingdom come. Lulls all pain. Wake this time +next year. + +He saw the priest stow the communion cup away, well in, and kneel an +instant before it, showing a large grey bootsole from under the lace +affair he had on. Suppose he lost the pin of his. He wouldn’t know what +to do to. Bald spot behind. Letters on his back: I.N.R.I? No: I.H.S. +Molly told me one time I asked her. I have sinned: or no: I have +suffered, it is. And the other one? Iron nails ran in. + +Meet one Sunday after the rosary. Do not deny my request. Turn up with +a veil and black bag. Dusk and the light behind her. She might be here +with a ribbon round her neck and do the other thing all the same on the +sly. Their character. That fellow that turned queen’s evidence on the +invincibles he used to receive the, Carey was his name, the communion +every morning. This very church. Peter Carey, yes. No, Peter Claver I +am thinking of. Denis Carey. And just imagine that. Wife and six +children at home. And plotting that murder all the time. Those +crawthumpers, now that’s a good name for them, there’s always something +shiftylooking about them. They’re not straight men of business either. +O, no, she’s not here: the flower: no, no. By the way, did I tear up +that envelope? Yes: under the bridge. + +The priest was rinsing out the chalice: then he tossed off the dregs +smartly. Wine. Makes it more aristocratic than for example if he drank +what they are used to Guinness’s porter or some temperance beverage +Wheatley’s Dublin hop bitters or Cantrell and Cochrane’s ginger ale +(aromatic). Doesn’t give them any of it: shew wine: only the other. +Cold comfort. Pious fraud but quite right: otherwise they’d have one +old booser worse than another coming along, cadging for a drink. Queer +the whole atmosphere of the. Quite right. Perfectly right that is. + +Mr Bloom looked back towards the choir. Not going to be any music. +Pity. Who has the organ here I wonder? Old Glynn he knew how to make +that instrument talk, the _vibrato_: fifty pounds a year they say he +had in Gardiner street. Molly was in fine voice that day, the _Stabat +Mater_ of Rossini. Father Bernard Vaughan’s sermon first. Christ or +Pilate? Christ, but don’t keep us all night over it. Music they wanted. +Footdrill stopped. Could hear a pin drop. I told her to pitch her voice +against that corner. I could feel the thrill in the air, the full, the +people looking up: + +_Quis est homo._ + +Some of that old sacred music splendid. Mercadante: seven last words. +Mozart’s twelfth mass: _Gloria_ in that. Those old popes keen on music, +on art and statues and pictures of all kinds. Palestrina for example +too. They had a gay old time while it lasted. Healthy too, chanting, +regular hours, then brew liqueurs. Benedictine. Green Chartreuse. +Still, having eunuchs in their choir that was coming it a bit thick. +What kind of voice is it? Must be curious to hear after their own +strong basses. Connoisseurs. Suppose they wouldn’t feel anything after. +Kind of a placid. No worry. Fall into flesh, don’t they? Gluttons, +tall, long legs. Who knows? Eunuch. One way out of it. + +He saw the priest bend down and kiss the altar and then face about and +bless all the people. All crossed themselves and stood up. Mr Bloom +glanced about him and then stood up, looking over the risen hats. Stand +up at the gospel of course. Then all settled down on their knees again +and he sat back quietly in his bench. The priest came down from the +altar, holding the thing out from him, and he and the massboy answered +each other in Latin. Then the priest knelt down and began to read off a +card: + +—O God, our refuge and our strength... + +Mr Bloom put his face forward to catch the words. English. Throw them +the bone. I remember slightly. How long since your last mass? Glorious +and immaculate virgin. Joseph, her spouse. Peter and Paul. More +interesting if you understood what it was all about. Wonderful +organisation certainly, goes like clockwork. Confession. Everyone wants +to. Then I will tell you all. Penance. Punish me, please. Great weapon +in their hands. More than doctor or solicitor. Woman dying to. And I +schschschschschsch. And did you chachachachacha? And why did you? Look +down at her ring to find an excuse. Whispering gallery walls have ears. +Husband learn to his surprise. God’s little joke. Then out she comes. +Repentance skindeep. Lovely shame. Pray at an altar. Hail Mary and Holy +Mary. Flowers, incense, candles melting. Hide her blushes. Salvation +army blatant imitation. Reformed prostitute will address the meeting. +How I found the Lord. Squareheaded chaps those must be in Rome: they +work the whole show. And don’t they rake in the money too? Bequests +also: to the P.P. for the time being in his absolute discretion. Masses +for the repose of my soul to be said publicly with open doors. +Monasteries and convents. The priest in that Fermanagh will case in the +witnessbox. No browbeating him. He had his answer pat for everything. +Liberty and exaltation of our holy mother the church. The doctors of +the church: they mapped out the whole theology of it. + +The priest prayed: + +—Blessed Michael, archangel, defend us in the hour of conflict. Be our +safeguard against the wickedness and snares of the devil (may God +restrain him, we humbly pray!): and do thou, O prince of the heavenly +host, by the power of God thrust Satan down to hell and with him those +other wicked spirits who wander through the world for the ruin of +souls. + +The priest and the massboy stood up and walked off. All over. The women +remained behind: thanksgiving. + +Better be shoving along. Brother Buzz. Come around with the plate +perhaps. Pay your Easter duty. + +He stood up. Hello. Were those two buttons of my waistcoat open all the +time? Women enjoy it. Never tell you. But we. Excuse, miss, there’s a +(whh!) just a (whh!) fluff. Or their skirt behind, placket unhooked. +Glimpses of the moon. Annoyed if you don’t. Why didn’t you tell me +before. Still like you better untidy. Good job it wasn’t farther south. +He passed, discreetly buttoning, down the aisle and out through the +main door into the light. He stood a moment unseeing by the cold black +marble bowl while before him and behind two worshippers dipped furtive +hands in the low tide of holy water. Trams: a car of Prescott’s +dyeworks: a widow in her weeds. Notice because I’m in mourning myself. +He covered himself. How goes the time? Quarter past. Time enough yet. +Better get that lotion made up. Where is this? Ah yes, the last time. +Sweny’s in Lincoln place. Chemists rarely move. Their green and gold +beaconjars too heavy to stir. Hamilton Long’s, founded in the year of +the flood. Huguenot churchyard near there. Visit some day. + +He walked southward along Westland row. But the recipe is in the other +trousers. O, and I forgot that latchkey too. Bore this funeral affair. +O well, poor fellow, it’s not his fault. When was it I got it made up +last? Wait. I changed a sovereign I remember. First of the month it +must have been or the second. O, he can look it up in the prescriptions +book. + +The chemist turned back page after page. Sandy shrivelled smell he +seems to have. Shrunken skull. And old. Quest for the philosopher’s +stone. The alchemists. Drugs age you after mental excitement. Lethargy +then. Why? Reaction. A lifetime in a night. Gradually changes your +character. Living all the day among herbs, ointments, disinfectants. +All his alabaster lilypots. Mortar and pestle. Aq. Dist. Fol. Laur. Te +Virid. Smell almost cure you like the dentist’s doorbell. Doctor Whack. +He ought to physic himself a bit. Electuary or emulsion. The first +fellow that picked an herb to cure himself had a bit of pluck. Simples. +Want to be careful. Enough stuff here to chloroform you. Test: turns +blue litmus paper red. Chloroform. Overdose of laudanum. Sleeping +draughts. Lovephiltres. Paragoric poppysyrup bad for cough. Clogs the +pores or the phlegm. Poisons the only cures. Remedy where you least +expect it. Clever of nature. + +—About a fortnight ago, sir? + +—Yes, Mr Bloom said. + +He waited by the counter, inhaling slowly the keen reek of drugs, the +dusty dry smell of sponges and loofahs. Lot of time taken up telling +your aches and pains. + +—Sweet almond oil and tincture of benzoin, Mr Bloom said, and then +orangeflower water... + +It certainly did make her skin so delicate white like wax. + +—And white wax also, he said. + +Brings out the darkness of her eyes. Looking at me, the sheet up to her +eyes, Spanish, smelling herself, when I was fixing the links in my +cuffs. Those homely recipes are often the best: strawberries for the +teeth: nettles and rainwater: oatmeal they say steeped in buttermilk. +Skinfood. One of the old queen’s sons, duke of Albany was it? had only +one skin. Leopold, yes. Three we have. Warts, bunions and pimples to +make it worse. But you want a perfume too. What perfume does your? +_Peau d’Espagne_. That orangeflower water is so fresh. Nice smell these +soaps have. Pure curd soap. Time to get a bath round the corner. +Hammam. Turkish. Massage. Dirt gets rolled up in your navel. Nicer if a +nice girl did it. Also I think I. Yes I. Do it in the bath. Curious +longing I. Water to water. Combine business with pleasure. Pity no time +for massage. Feel fresh then all the day. Funeral be rather glum. + +—Yes, sir, the chemist said. That was two and nine. Have you brought a +bottle? + +—No, Mr Bloom said. Make it up, please. I’ll call later in the day and +I’ll take one of these soaps. How much are they? + +—Fourpence, sir. + +Mr Bloom raised a cake to his nostrils. Sweet lemony wax. + +—I’ll take this one, he said. That makes three and a penny. + +—Yes, sir, the chemist said. You can pay all together, sir, when you +come back. + +—Good, Mr Bloom said. + +He strolled out of the shop, the newspaper baton under his armpit, the +coolwrappered soap in his left hand. + +At his armpit Bantam Lyons’ voice and hand said: + +—Hello, Bloom. What’s the best news? Is that today’s? Show us a minute. + +Shaved off his moustache again, by Jove! Long cold upper lip. To look +younger. He does look balmy. Younger than I am. + +Bantam Lyons’s yellow blacknailed fingers unrolled the baton. Wants a +wash too. Take off the rough dirt. Good morning, have you used Pears’ +soap? Dandruff on his shoulders. Scalp wants oiling. + +—I want to see about that French horse that’s running today, Bantam +Lyons said. Where the bugger is it? + +He rustled the pleated pages, jerking his chin on his high collar. +Barber’s itch. Tight collar he’ll lose his hair. Better leave him the +paper and get shut of him. + +—You can keep it, Mr Bloom said. + +—Ascot. Gold cup. Wait, Bantam Lyons muttered. Half a mo. Maximum the +second. + +—I was just going to throw it away, Mr Bloom said. + +Bantam Lyons raised his eyes suddenly and leered weakly. + +—What’s that? his sharp voice said. + +—I say you can keep it, Mr Bloom answered. I was going to throw it away +that moment. + +Bantam Lyons doubted an instant, leering: then thrust the outspread +sheets back on Mr Bloom’s arms. + +—I’ll risk it, he said. Here, thanks. + +He sped off towards Conway’s corner. God speed scut. + +Mr Bloom folded the sheets again to a neat square and lodged the soap +in it, smiling. Silly lips of that chap. Betting. Regular hotbed of it +lately. Messenger boys stealing to put on sixpence. Raffle for large +tender turkey. Your Christmas dinner for threepence. Jack Fleming +embezzling to gamble then smuggled off to America. Keeps a hotel now. +They never come back. Fleshpots of Egypt. + +He walked cheerfully towards the mosque of the baths. Remind you of a +mosque, redbaked bricks, the minarets. College sports today I see. He +eyed the horseshoe poster over the gate of college park: cyclist +doubled up like a cod in a pot. Damn bad ad. Now if they had made it +round like a wheel. Then the spokes: sports, sports, sports: and the +hub big: college. Something to catch the eye. + +There’s Hornblower standing at the porter’s lodge. Keep him on hands: +might take a turn in there on the nod. How do you do, Mr Hornblower? +How do you do, sir? + +Heavenly weather really. If life was always like that. Cricket weather. +Sit around under sunshades. Over after over. Out. They can’t play it +here. Duck for six wickets. Still Captain Culler broke a window in the +Kildare street club with a slog to square leg. Donnybrook fair more in +their line. And the skulls we were acracking when M’Carthy took the +floor. Heatwave. Won’t last. Always passing, the stream of life, which +in the stream of life we trace is dearer than them all. + +Enjoy a bath now: clean trough of water, cool enamel, the gentle tepid +stream. This is my body. + +He foresaw his pale body reclined in it at full, naked, in a womb of +warmth, oiled by scented melting soap, softly laved. He saw his trunk +and limbs riprippled over and sustained, buoyed lightly upward, +lemonyellow: his navel, bud of flesh: and saw the dark tangled curls of +his bush floating, floating hair of the stream around the limp father +of thousands, a languid floating flower. + + + + +[ 6 ] + + +Martin Cunningham, first, poked his silkhatted head into the creaking +carriage and, entering deftly, seated himself. Mr Power stepped in +after him, curving his height with care. + +—Come on, Simon. + +—After you, Mr Bloom said. + +Mr Dedalus covered himself quickly and got in, saying: + +—Yes, yes. + +—Are we all here now? Martin Cunningham asked. Come along, Bloom. + +Mr Bloom entered and sat in the vacant place. He pulled the door to +after him and slammed it twice till it shut tight. He passed an arm +through the armstrap and looked seriously from the open carriagewindow +at the lowered blinds of the avenue. One dragged aside: an old woman +peeping. Nose whiteflattened against the pane. Thanking her stars she +was passed over. Extraordinary the interest they take in a corpse. Glad +to see us go we give them such trouble coming. Job seems to suit them. +Huggermugger in corners. Slop about in slipperslappers for fear he’d +wake. Then getting it ready. Laying it out. Molly and Mrs Fleming +making the bed. Pull it more to your side. Our windingsheet. Never know +who will touch you dead. Wash and shampoo. I believe they clip the +nails and the hair. Keep a bit in an envelope. Grows all the same +after. Unclean job. + +All waited. Nothing was said. Stowing in the wreaths probably. I am +sitting on something hard. Ah, that soap: in my hip pocket. Better +shift it out of that. Wait for an opportunity. + +All waited. Then wheels were heard from in front, turning: then nearer: +then horses’ hoofs. A jolt. Their carriage began to move, creaking and +swaying. Other hoofs and creaking wheels started behind. The blinds of +the avenue passed and number nine with its craped knocker, door ajar. +At walking pace. + +They waited still, their knees jogging, till they had turned and were +passing along the tramtracks. Tritonville road. Quicker. The wheels +rattled rolling over the cobbled causeway and the crazy glasses shook +rattling in the doorframes. + +—What way is he taking us? Mr Power asked through both windows. + +—Irishtown, Martin Cunningham said. Ringsend. Brunswick street. + +Mr Dedalus nodded, looking out. + +—That’s a fine old custom, he said. I am glad to see it has not died +out. + +All watched awhile through their windows caps and hats lifted by +passers. Respect. The carriage swerved from the tramtrack to the +smoother road past Watery lane. Mr Bloom at gaze saw a lithe young man, +clad in mourning, a wide hat. + +—There’s a friend of yours gone by, Dedalus, he said. + +—Who is that? + +—Your son and heir. + +—Where is he? Mr Dedalus said, stretching over across. + +The carriage, passing the open drains and mounds of rippedup roadway +before the tenement houses, lurched round the corner and, swerving back +to the tramtrack, rolled on noisily with chattering wheels. Mr Dedalus +fell back, saying: + +—Was that Mulligan cad with him? His _fidus Achates_! + +—No, Mr Bloom said. He was alone. + +—Down with his aunt Sally, I suppose, Mr Dedalus said, the Goulding +faction, the drunken little costdrawer and Crissie, papa’s little lump +of dung, the wise child that knows her own father. + +Mr Bloom smiled joylessly on Ringsend road. Wallace Bros: the +bottleworks: Dodder bridge. + +Richie Goulding and the legal bag. Goulding, Collis and Ward he calls +the firm. His jokes are getting a bit damp. Great card he was. Waltzing +in Stamer street with Ignatius Gallaher on a Sunday morning, the +landlady’s two hats pinned on his head. Out on the rampage all night. +Beginning to tell on him now: that backache of his, I fear. Wife +ironing his back. Thinks he’ll cure it with pills. All breadcrumbs they +are. About six hundred per cent profit. + +—He’s in with a lowdown crowd, Mr Dedalus snarled. That Mulligan is a +contaminated bloody doubledyed ruffian by all accounts. His name stinks +all over Dublin. But with the help of God and His blessed mother I’ll +make it my business to write a letter one of those days to his mother +or his aunt or whatever she is that will open her eye as wide as a +gate. I’ll tickle his catastrophe, believe you me. + +He cried above the clatter of the wheels: + +—I won’t have her bastard of a nephew ruin my son. A counterjumper’s +son. Selling tapes in my cousin, Peter Paul M’Swiney’s. Not likely. + +He ceased. Mr Bloom glanced from his angry moustache to Mr Power’s mild +face and Martin Cunningham’s eyes and beard, gravely shaking. Noisy +selfwilled man. Full of his son. He is right. Something to hand on. If +little Rudy had lived. See him grow up. Hear his voice in the house. +Walking beside Molly in an Eton suit. My son. Me in his eyes. Strange +feeling it would be. From me. Just a chance. Must have been that +morning in Raymond terrace she was at the window watching the two dogs +at it by the wall of the cease to do evil. And the sergeant grinning +up. She had that cream gown on with the rip she never stitched. Give us +a touch, Poldy. God, I’m dying for it. How life begins. + +Got big then. Had to refuse the Greystones concert. My son inside her. +I could have helped him on in life. I could. Make him independent. +Learn German too. + +—Are we late? Mr Power asked. + +—Ten minutes, Martin Cunningham said, looking at his watch. + +Molly. Milly. Same thing watered down. Her tomboy oaths. O jumping +Jupiter! Ye gods and little fishes! Still, she’s a dear girl. Soon be a +woman. Mullingar. Dearest Papli. Young student. Yes, yes: a woman too. +Life, life. + +The carriage heeled over and back, their four trunks swaying. + +—Corny might have given us a more commodious yoke, Mr Power said. + +—He might, Mr Dedalus said, if he hadn’t that squint troubling him. Do +you follow me? + +He closed his left eye. Martin Cunningham began to brush away +crustcrumbs from under his thighs. + +—What is this, he said, in the name of God? Crumbs? + +—Someone seems to have been making a picnic party here lately, Mr Power +said. + +All raised their thighs and eyed with disfavour the mildewed buttonless +leather of the seats. Mr Dedalus, twisting his nose, frowned downward +and said: + +—Unless I’m greatly mistaken. What do you think, Martin? + +—It struck me too, Martin Cunningham said. + +Mr Bloom set his thigh down. Glad I took that bath. Feel my feet quite +clean. But I wish Mrs Fleming had darned these socks better. + +Mr Dedalus sighed resignedly. + +—After all, he said, it’s the most natural thing in the world. + +—Did Tom Kernan turn up? Martin Cunningham asked, twirling the peak of +his beard gently. + +—Yes, Mr Bloom answered. He’s behind with Ned Lambert and Hynes. + +—And Corny Kelleher himself? Mr Power asked. + +—At the cemetery, Martin Cunningham said. + +—I met M’Coy this morning, Mr Bloom said. He said he’d try to come. + +The carriage halted short. + +—What’s wrong? + +—We’re stopped. + +—Where are we? + +Mr Bloom put his head out of the window. + +—The grand canal, he said. + +Gasworks. Whooping cough they say it cures. Good job Milly never got +it. Poor children! Doubles them up black and blue in convulsions. Shame +really. Got off lightly with illnesses compared. Only measles. Flaxseed +tea. Scarlatina, influenza epidemics. Canvassing for death. Don’t miss +this chance. Dogs’ home over there. Poor old Athos! Be good to Athos, +Leopold, is my last wish. Thy will be done. We obey them in the grave. +A dying scrawl. He took it to heart, pined away. Quiet brute. Old men’s +dogs usually are. + +A raindrop spat on his hat. He drew back and saw an instant of shower +spray dots over the grey flags. Apart. Curious. Like through a +colander. I thought it would. My boots were creaking I remember now. + +—The weather is changing, he said quietly. + +—A pity it did not keep up fine, Martin Cunningham said. + +—Wanted for the country, Mr Power said. There’s the sun again coming +out. + +Mr Dedalus, peering through his glasses towards the veiled sun, hurled +a mute curse at the sky. + +—It’s as uncertain as a child’s bottom, he said. + +—We’re off again. + +The carriage turned again its stiff wheels and their trunks swayed +gently. Martin Cunningham twirled more quickly the peak of his beard. + +—Tom Kernan was immense last night, he said. And Paddy Leonard taking +him off to his face. + +—O, draw him out, Martin, Mr Power said eagerly. Wait till you hear +him, Simon, on Ben Dollard’s singing of _The Croppy Boy_. + +—Immense, Martin Cunningham said pompously. _His singing of that simple +ballad, Martin, is the most trenchant rendering I ever heard in the +whole course of my experience._ + +—Trenchant, Mr Power said laughing. He’s dead nuts on that. And the +retrospective arrangement. + +—Did you read Dan Dawson’s speech? Martin Cunningham asked. + +—I did not then, Mr Dedalus said. Where is it? + +—In the paper this morning. + +Mr Bloom took the paper from his inside pocket. That book I must change +for her. + +—No, no, Mr Dedalus said quickly. Later on please. + +Mr Bloom’s glance travelled down the edge of the paper, scanning the +deaths: Callan, Coleman, Dignam, Fawcett, Lowry, Naumann, Peake, what +Peake is that? is it the chap was in Crosbie and Alleyne’s? no, Sexton, +Urbright. Inked characters fast fading on the frayed breaking paper. +Thanks to the Little Flower. Sadly missed. To the inexpressible grief +of his. Aged 88 after a long and tedious illness. Month’s mind: +Quinlan. On whose soul Sweet Jesus have mercy. + + It is now a month since dear Henry fled + To his home up above in the sky + While his family weeps and mourns his loss + Hoping some day to meet him on high. + +I tore up the envelope? Yes. Where did I put her letter after I read it +in the bath? He patted his waistcoatpocket. There all right. Dear Henry +fled. Before my patience are exhausted. + +National school. Meade’s yard. The hazard. Only two there now. Nodding. +Full as a tick. Too much bone in their skulls. The other trotting round +with a fare. An hour ago I was passing there. The jarvies raised their +hats. + +A pointsman’s back straightened itself upright suddenly against a +tramway standard by Mr Bloom’s window. Couldn’t they invent something +automatic so that the wheel itself much handier? Well but that fellow +would lose his job then? Well but then another fellow would get a job +making the new invention? + +Antient concert rooms. Nothing on there. A man in a buff suit with a +crape armlet. Not much grief there. Quarter mourning. People in law +perhaps. + +They went past the bleak pulpit of saint Mark’s, under the railway +bridge, past the Queen’s theatre: in silence. Hoardings: Eugene +Stratton, Mrs Bandmann Palmer. Could I go to see _Leah_ tonight, I +wonder. I said I. Or the _Lily of Killarney_? Elster Grimes Opera +Company. Big powerful change. Wet bright bills for next week. _Fun on +the Bristol_. Martin Cunningham could work a pass for the Gaiety. Have +to stand a drink or two. As broad as it’s long. + +He’s coming in the afternoon. Her songs. + +Plasto’s. Sir Philip Crampton’s memorial fountain bust. Who was he? + +—How do you do? Martin Cunningham said, raising his palm to his brow in +salute. + +—He doesn’t see us, Mr Power said. Yes, he does. How do you do? + +—Who? Mr Dedalus asked. + +—Blazes Boylan, Mr Power said. There he is airing his quiff. + +Just that moment I was thinking. + +Mr Dedalus bent across to salute. From the door of the Red Bank the +white disc of a straw hat flashed reply: spruce figure: passed. + +Mr Bloom reviewed the nails of his left hand, then those of his right +hand. The nails, yes. Is there anything more in him that they she sees? +Fascination. Worst man in Dublin. That keeps him alive. They sometimes +feel what a person is. Instinct. But a type like that. My nails. I am +just looking at them: well pared. And after: thinking alone. Body +getting a bit softy. I would notice that: from remembering. What causes +that? I suppose the skin can’t contract quickly enough when the flesh +falls off. But the shape is there. The shape is there still. Shoulders. +Hips. Plump. Night of the dance dressing. Shift stuck between the +cheeks behind. + +He clasped his hands between his knees and, satisfied, sent his vacant +glance over their faces. + +Mr Power asked: + +—How is the concert tour getting on, Bloom? + +—O, very well, Mr Bloom said. I hear great accounts of it. It’s a good +idea, you see... + +—Are you going yourself? + +—Well no, Mr Bloom said. In point of fact I have to go down to the +county Clare on some private business. You see the idea is to tour the +chief towns. What you lose on one you can make up on the other. + +—Quite so, Martin Cunningham said. Mary Anderson is up there now. + +Have you good artists? + +—Louis Werner is touring her, Mr Bloom said. O yes, we’ll have all +topnobbers. J. C. Doyle and John MacCormack I hope and. The best, in +fact. + +—And _Madame_, Mr Power said smiling. Last but not least. + +Mr Bloom unclasped his hands in a gesture of soft politeness and +clasped them. Smith O’Brien. Someone has laid a bunch of flowers there. +Woman. Must be his deathday. For many happy returns. The carriage +wheeling by Farrell’s statue united noiselessly their unresisting +knees. + +Oot: a dullgarbed old man from the curbstone tendered his wares, his +mouth opening: oot. + +—Four bootlaces for a penny. + +Wonder why he was struck off the rolls. Had his office in Hume street. +Same house as Molly’s namesake, Tweedy, crown solicitor for Waterford. +Has that silk hat ever since. Relics of old decency. Mourning too. +Terrible comedown, poor wretch! Kicked about like snuff at a wake. +O’Callaghan on his last legs. + +And _Madame_. Twenty past eleven. Up. Mrs Fleming is in to clean. Doing +her hair, humming: _voglio e non vorrei_. No: _vorrei e non_. Looking +at the tips of her hairs to see if they are split. _Mi trema un poco +il_. Beautiful on that _tre_ her voice is: weeping tone. A thrush. A +throstle. There is a word throstle that expresses that. + +His eyes passed lightly over Mr Power’s goodlooking face. Greyish over +the ears. _Madame_: smiling. I smiled back. A smile goes a long way. +Only politeness perhaps. Nice fellow. Who knows is that true about the +woman he keeps? Not pleasant for the wife. Yet they say, who was it +told me, there is no carnal. You would imagine that would get played +out pretty quick. Yes, it was Crofton met him one evening bringing her +a pound of rumpsteak. What is this she was? Barmaid in Jury’s. Or the +Moira, was it? + +They passed under the hugecloaked Liberator’s form. + +Martin Cunningham nudged Mr Power. + +—Of the tribe of Reuben, he said. + +A tall blackbearded figure, bent on a stick, stumping round the corner +of Elvery’s Elephant house, showed them a curved hand open on his +spine. + +—In all his pristine beauty, Mr Power said. + +Mr Dedalus looked after the stumping figure and said mildly: + +—The devil break the hasp of your back! + +Mr Power, collapsing in laughter, shaded his face from the window as +the carriage passed Gray’s statue. + +—We have all been there, Martin Cunningham said broadly. + +His eyes met Mr Bloom’s eyes. He caressed his beard, adding: + +—Well, nearly all of us. + +Mr Bloom began to speak with sudden eagerness to his companions’ faces. + +—That’s an awfully good one that’s going the rounds about Reuben J and +the son. + +—About the boatman? Mr Power asked. + +—Yes. Isn’t it awfully good? + +—What is that? Mr Dedalus asked. I didn’t hear it. + +—There was a girl in the case, Mr Bloom began, and he determined to +send him to the Isle of Man out of harm’s way but when they were +both..... + +—What? Mr Dedalus asked. That confirmed bloody hobbledehoy is it? + +—Yes, Mr Bloom said. They were both on the way to the boat and he tried +to drown..... + +—Drown Barabbas! Mr Dedalus cried. I wish to Christ he did! + +Mr Power sent a long laugh down his shaded nostrils. + +—No, Mr Bloom said, the son himself..... + +Martin Cunningham thwarted his speech rudely: + +—Reuben J and the son were piking it down the quay next the river on +their way to the Isle of Man boat and the young chiseller suddenly got +loose and over the wall with him into the Liffey. + +—For God’s sake! Mr Dedalus exclaimed in fright. Is he dead? + +—Dead! Martin Cunningham cried. Not he! A boatman got a pole and fished +him out by the slack of the breeches and he was landed up to the father +on the quay more dead than alive. Half the town was there. + +—Yes, Mr Bloom said. But the funny part is..... + +—And Reuben J, Martin Cunningham said, gave the boatman a florin for +saving his son’s life. + +A stifled sigh came from under Mr Power’s hand. + +—O, he did, Martin Cunningham affirmed. Like a hero. A silver florin. + +—Isn’t it awfully good? Mr Bloom said eagerly. + +—One and eightpence too much, Mr Dedalus said drily. + +Mr Power’s choked laugh burst quietly in the carriage. + +Nelson’s pillar. + +—Eight plums a penny! Eight for a penny! + +—We had better look a little serious, Martin Cunningham said. + +Mr Dedalus sighed. + +—Ah then indeed, he said, poor little Paddy wouldn’t grudge us a laugh. +Many a good one he told himself. + +—The Lord forgive me! Mr Power said, wiping his wet eyes with his +fingers. Poor Paddy! I little thought a week ago when I saw him last +and he was in his usual health that I’d be driving after him like this. +He’s gone from us. + +—As decent a little man as ever wore a hat, Mr Dedalus said. He went +very suddenly. + +—Breakdown, Martin Cunningham said. Heart. + +He tapped his chest sadly. + +Blazing face: redhot. Too much John Barleycorn. Cure for a red nose. +Drink like the devil till it turns adelite. A lot of money he spent +colouring it. + +Mr Power gazed at the passing houses with rueful apprehension. + +—He had a sudden death, poor fellow, he said. + +—The best death, Mr Bloom said. + +Their wide open eyes looked at him. + +—No suffering, he said. A moment and all is over. Like dying in sleep. + +No-one spoke. + +Dead side of the street this. Dull business by day, land agents, +temperance hotel, Falconer’s railway guide, civil service college, +Gill’s, catholic club, the industrious blind. Why? Some reason. Sun or +wind. At night too. Chummies and slaveys. Under the patronage of the +late Father Mathew. Foundation stone for Parnell. Breakdown. Heart. + +White horses with white frontlet plumes came round the Rotunda corner, +galloping. A tiny coffin flashed by. In a hurry to bury. A mourning +coach. Unmarried. Black for the married. Piebald for bachelors. Dun for +a nun. + +—Sad, Martin Cunningham said. A child. + +A dwarf’s face, mauve and wrinkled like little Rudy’s was. Dwarf’s +body, weak as putty, in a whitelined deal box. Burial friendly society +pays. Penny a week for a sod of turf. Our. Little. Beggar. Baby. Meant +nothing. Mistake of nature. If it’s healthy it’s from the mother. If +not from the man. Better luck next time. + +—Poor little thing, Mr Dedalus said. It’s well out of it. + +The carriage climbed more slowly the hill of Rutland square. Rattle his +bones. Over the stones. Only a pauper. Nobody owns. + +—In the midst of life, Martin Cunningham said. + +—But the worst of all, Mr Power said, is the man who takes his own +life. + +Martin Cunningham drew out his watch briskly, coughed and put it back. + +—The greatest disgrace to have in the family, Mr Power added. + +—Temporary insanity, of course, Martin Cunningham said decisively. We +must take a charitable view of it. + +—They say a man who does it is a coward, Mr Dedalus said. + +—It is not for us to judge, Martin Cunningham said. + +Mr Bloom, about to speak, closed his lips again. Martin Cunningham’s +large eyes. Looking away now. Sympathetic human man he is. Intelligent. +Like Shakespeare’s face. Always a good word to say. They have no mercy +on that here or infanticide. Refuse christian burial. They used to +drive a stake of wood through his heart in the grave. As if it wasn’t +broken already. Yet sometimes they repent too late. Found in the +riverbed clutching rushes. He looked at me. And that awful drunkard of +a wife of his. Setting up house for her time after time and then +pawning the furniture on him every Saturday almost. Leading him the +life of the damned. Wear the heart out of a stone, that. Monday +morning. Start afresh. Shoulder to the wheel. Lord, she must have +looked a sight that night Dedalus told me he was in there. Drunk about +the place and capering with Martin’s umbrella. + + And they call me the jewel of Asia, + Of Asia, + The geisha. + +He looked away from me. He knows. Rattle his bones. + +That afternoon of the inquest. The redlabelled bottle on the table. The +room in the hotel with hunting pictures. Stuffy it was. Sunlight +through the slats of the Venetian blind. The coroner’s sunlit ears, big +and hairy. Boots giving evidence. Thought he was asleep first. Then saw +like yellow streaks on his face. Had slipped down to the foot of the +bed. Verdict: overdose. Death by misadventure. The letter. For my son +Leopold. + +No more pain. Wake no more. Nobody owns. + +The carriage rattled swiftly along Blessington street. Over the stones. + +—We are going the pace, I think, Martin Cunningham said. + +—God grant he doesn’t upset us on the road, Mr Power said. + +—I hope not, Martin Cunningham said. That will be a great race tomorrow +in Germany. The Gordon Bennett. + +—Yes, by Jove, Mr Dedalus said. That will be worth seeing, faith. + +As they turned into Berkeley street a streetorgan near the Basin sent +over and after them a rollicking rattling song of the halls. Has +anybody here seen Kelly? Kay ee double ell wy. Dead March from _Saul._ +He’s as bad as old Antonio. He left me on my ownio. Pirouette! The +_Mater Misericordiae_. Eccles street. My house down there. Big place. +Ward for incurables there. Very encouraging. Our Lady’s Hospice for the +dying. Deadhouse handy underneath. Where old Mrs Riordan died. They +look terrible the women. Her feeding cup and rubbing her mouth with the +spoon. Then the screen round her bed for her to die. Nice young student +that was dressed that bite the bee gave me. He’s gone over to the +lying-in hospital they told me. From one extreme to the other. + +The carriage galloped round a corner: stopped. + +—What’s wrong now? + +A divided drove of branded cattle passed the windows, lowing, slouching +by on padded hoofs, whisking their tails slowly on their clotted bony +croups. Outside them and through them ran raddled sheep bleating their +fear. + +—Emigrants, Mr Power said. + +—Huuuh! the drover’s voice cried, his switch sounding on their flanks. +Huuuh! out of that! + +Thursday, of course. Tomorrow is killing day. Springers. Cuffe sold +them about twentyseven quid each. For Liverpool probably. Roastbeef for +old England. They buy up all the juicy ones. And then the fifth quarter +lost: all that raw stuff, hide, hair, horns. Comes to a big thing in a +year. Dead meat trade. Byproducts of the slaughterhouses for tanneries, +soap, margarine. Wonder if that dodge works now getting dicky meat off +the train at Clonsilla. + +The carriage moved on through the drove. + +—I can’t make out why the corporation doesn’t run a tramline from the +parkgate to the quays, Mr Bloom said. All those animals could be taken +in trucks down to the boats. + +—Instead of blocking up the thoroughfare, Martin Cunningham said. Quite +right. They ought to. + +—Yes, Mr Bloom said, and another thing I often thought, is to have +municipal funeral trams like they have in Milan, you know. Run the line +out to the cemetery gates and have special trams, hearse and carriage +and all. Don’t you see what I mean? + +—O, that be damned for a story, Mr Dedalus said. Pullman car and saloon +diningroom. + +—A poor lookout for Corny, Mr Power added. + +—Why? Mr Bloom asked, turning to Mr Dedalus. Wouldn’t it be more decent +than galloping two abreast? + +—Well, there’s something in that, Mr Dedalus granted. + +—And, Martin Cunningham said, we wouldn’t have scenes like that when +the hearse capsized round Dunphy’s and upset the coffin on to the road. + +—That was terrible, Mr Power’s shocked face said, and the corpse fell +about the road. Terrible! + +—First round Dunphy’s, Mr Dedalus said, nodding. Gordon Bennett cup. + +—Praises be to God! Martin Cunningham said piously. + +Bom! Upset. A coffin bumped out on to the road. Burst open. Paddy +Dignam shot out and rolling over stiff in the dust in a brown habit too +large for him. Red face: grey now. Mouth fallen open. Asking what’s up +now. Quite right to close it. Looks horrid open. Then the insides +decompose quickly. Much better to close up all the orifices. Yes, also. +With wax. The sphincter loose. Seal up all. + +—Dunphy’s, Mr Power announced as the carriage turned right. + +Dunphy’s corner. Mourning coaches drawn up, drowning their grief. A +pause by the wayside. Tiptop position for a pub. Expect we’ll pull up +here on the way back to drink his health. Pass round the consolation. +Elixir of life. + +But suppose now it did happen. Would he bleed if a nail say cut him in +the knocking about? He would and he wouldn’t, I suppose. Depends on +where. The circulation stops. Still some might ooze out of an artery. +It would be better to bury them in red: a dark red. + +In silence they drove along Phibsborough road. An empty hearse trotted +by, coming from the cemetery: looks relieved. + +Crossguns bridge: the royal canal. + +Water rushed roaring through the sluices. A man stood on his dropping +barge, between clamps of turf. On the towpath by the lock a +slacktethered horse. Aboard of the _Bugabu._ + +Their eyes watched him. On the slow weedy waterway he had floated on +his raft coastward over Ireland drawn by a haulage rope past beds of +reeds, over slime, mudchoked bottles, carrion dogs. Athlone, Mullingar, +Moyvalley, I could make a walking tour to see Milly by the canal. Or +cycle down. Hire some old crock, safety. Wren had one the other day at +the auction but a lady’s. Developing waterways. James M’Cann’s hobby to +row me o’er the ferry. Cheaper transit. By easy stages. Houseboats. +Camping out. Also hearses. To heaven by water. Perhaps I will without +writing. Come as a surprise, Leixlip, Clonsilla. Dropping down lock by +lock to Dublin. With turf from the midland bogs. Salute. He lifted his +brown straw hat, saluting Paddy Dignam. + +They drove on past Brian Boroimhe house. Near it now. + +—I wonder how is our friend Fogarty getting on, Mr Power said. + +—Better ask Tom Kernan, Mr Dedalus said. + +—How is that? Martin Cunningham said. Left him weeping, I suppose? + +—Though lost to sight, Mr Dedalus said, to memory dear. + +The carriage steered left for Finglas road. + +The stonecutter’s yard on the right. Last lap. Crowded on the spit of +land silent shapes appeared, white, sorrowful, holding out calm hands, +knelt in grief, pointing. Fragments of shapes, hewn. In white silence: +appealing. The best obtainable. Thos. H. Dennany, monumental builder +and sculptor. + +Passed. + +On the curbstone before Jimmy Geary, the sexton’s, an old tramp sat, +grumbling, emptying the dirt and stones out of his huge dustbrown +yawning boot. After life’s journey. + +Gloomy gardens then went by: one by one: gloomy houses. + +Mr Power pointed. + +—That is where Childs was murdered, he said. The last house. + +—So it is, Mr Dedalus said. A gruesome case. Seymour Bushe got him off. +Murdered his brother. Or so they said. + +—The crown had no evidence, Mr Power said. + +—Only circumstantial, Martin Cunningham added. That’s the maxim of the +law. Better for ninetynine guilty to escape than for one innocent +person to be wrongfully condemned. + +They looked. Murderer’s ground. It passed darkly. Shuttered, +tenantless, unweeded garden. Whole place gone to hell. Wrongfully +condemned. Murder. The murderer’s image in the eye of the murdered. +They love reading about it. Man’s head found in a garden. Her clothing +consisted of. How she met her death. Recent outrage. The weapon used. +Murderer is still at large. Clues. A shoelace. The body to be exhumed. +Murder will out. + +Cramped in this carriage. She mightn’t like me to come that way without +letting her know. Must be careful about women. Catch them once with +their pants down. Never forgive you after. Fifteen. + +The high railings of Prospect rippled past their gaze. Dark poplars, +rare white forms. Forms more frequent, white shapes thronged amid the +trees, white forms and fragments streaming by mutely, sustaining vain +gestures on the air. + +The felly harshed against the curbstone: stopped. Martin Cunningham put +out his arm and, wrenching back the handle, shoved the door open with +his knee. He stepped out. Mr Power and Mr Dedalus followed. + +Change that soap now. Mr Bloom’s hand unbuttoned his hip pocket swiftly +and transferred the paperstuck soap to his inner handkerchief pocket. +He stepped out of the carriage, replacing the newspaper his other hand +still held. + +Paltry funeral: coach and three carriages. It’s all the same. +Pallbearers, gold reins, requiem mass, firing a volley. Pomp of death. +Beyond the hind carriage a hawker stood by his barrow of cakes and +fruit. Simnel cakes those are, stuck together: cakes for the dead. +Dogbiscuits. Who ate them? Mourners coming out. + +He followed his companions. Mr Kernan and Ned Lambert followed, Hynes +walking after them. Corny Kelleher stood by the opened hearse and took +out the two wreaths. He handed one to the boy. + +Where is that child’s funeral disappeared to? + +A team of horses passed from Finglas with toiling plodding tread, +dragging through the funereal silence a creaking waggon on which lay a +granite block. The waggoner marching at their head saluted. + +Coffin now. Got here before us, dead as he is. Horse looking round at +it with his plume skeowways. Dull eye: collar tight on his neck, +pressing on a bloodvessel or something. Do they know what they cart out +here every day? Must be twenty or thirty funerals every day. Then Mount +Jerome for the protestants. Funerals all over the world everywhere +every minute. Shovelling them under by the cartload doublequick. +Thousands every hour. Too many in the world. + +Mourners came out through the gates: woman and a girl. Leanjawed harpy, +hard woman at a bargain, her bonnet awry. Girl’s face stained with dirt +and tears, holding the woman’s arm, looking up at her for a sign to +cry. Fish’s face, bloodless and livid. + +The mutes shouldered the coffin and bore it in through the gates. So +much dead weight. Felt heavier myself stepping out of that bath. First +the stiff: then the friends of the stiff. Corny Kelleher and the boy +followed with their wreaths. Who is that beside them? Ah, the +brother-in-law. + +All walked after. + +Martin Cunningham whispered: + +—I was in mortal agony with you talking of suicide before Bloom. + +—What? Mr Power whispered. How so? + +—His father poisoned himself, Martin Cunningham whispered. Had the +Queen’s hotel in Ennis. You heard him say he was going to Clare. +Anniversary. + +—O God! Mr Power whispered. First I heard of it. Poisoned himself? + +He glanced behind him to where a face with dark thinking eyes followed +towards the cardinal’s mausoleum. Speaking. + +—Was he insured? Mr Bloom asked. + +—I believe so, Mr Kernan answered. But the policy was heavily +mortgaged. Martin is trying to get the youngster into Artane. + +—How many children did he leave? + +—Five. Ned Lambert says he’ll try to get one of the girls into Todd’s. + +—A sad case, Mr Bloom said gently. Five young children. + +—A great blow to the poor wife, Mr Kernan added. + +—Indeed yes, Mr Bloom agreed. + +Has the laugh at him now. + +He looked down at the boots he had blacked and polished. She had +outlived him. Lost her husband. More dead for her than for me. One must +outlive the other. Wise men say. There are more women than men in the +world. Condole with her. Your terrible loss. I hope you’ll soon follow +him. For Hindu widows only. She would marry another. Him? No. Yet who +knows after. Widowhood not the thing since the old queen died. Drawn on +a guncarriage. Victoria and Albert. Frogmore memorial mourning. But in +the end she put a few violets in her bonnet. Vain in her heart of +hearts. All for a shadow. Consort not even a king. Her son was the +substance. Something new to hope for not like the past she wanted back, +waiting. It never comes. One must go first: alone, under the ground: +and lie no more in her warm bed. + +—How are you, Simon? Ned Lambert said softly, clasping hands. Haven’t +seen you for a month of Sundays. + +—Never better. How are all in Cork’s own town? + +—I was down there for the Cork park races on Easter Monday, Ned Lambert +said. Same old six and eightpence. Stopped with Dick Tivy. + +—And how is Dick, the solid man? + +—Nothing between himself and heaven, Ned Lambert answered. + +—By the holy Paul! Mr Dedalus said in subdued wonder. Dick Tivy bald? + +—Martin is going to get up a whip for the youngsters, Ned Lambert said, +pointing ahead. A few bob a skull. Just to keep them going till the +insurance is cleared up. + +—Yes, yes, Mr Dedalus said dubiously. Is that the eldest boy in front? + +—Yes, Ned Lambert said, with the wife’s brother. John Henry Menton is +behind. He put down his name for a quid. + +—I’ll engage he did, Mr Dedalus said. I often told poor Paddy he ought +to mind that job. John Henry is not the worst in the world. + +—How did he lose it? Ned Lambert asked. Liquor, what? + +—Many a good man’s fault, Mr Dedalus said with a sigh. + +They halted about the door of the mortuary chapel. Mr Bloom stood +behind the boy with the wreath looking down at his sleekcombed hair and +at the slender furrowed neck inside his brandnew collar. Poor boy! Was +he there when the father? Both unconscious. Lighten up at the last +moment and recognise for the last time. All he might have done. I owe +three shillings to O’Grady. Would he understand? The mutes bore the +coffin into the chapel. Which end is his head? + +After a moment he followed the others in, blinking in the screened +light. The coffin lay on its bier before the chancel, four tall yellow +candles at its corners. Always in front of us. Corny Kelleher, laying a +wreath at each fore corner, beckoned to the boy to kneel. The mourners +knelt here and there in prayingdesks. Mr Bloom stood behind near the +font and, when all had knelt, dropped carefully his unfolded newspaper +from his pocket and knelt his right knee upon it. He fitted his black +hat gently on his left knee and, holding its brim, bent over piously. + +A server bearing a brass bucket with something in it came out through a +door. The whitesmocked priest came after him, tidying his stole with +one hand, balancing with the other a little book against his toad’s +belly. Who’ll read the book? I, said the rook. + +They halted by the bier and the priest began to read out of his book +with a fluent croak. + +Father Coffey. I knew his name was like a coffin. _Dominenamine._ Bully +about the muzzle he looks. Bosses the show. Muscular christian. Woe +betide anyone that looks crooked at him: priest. Thou art Peter. Burst +sideways like a sheep in clover Dedalus says he will. With a belly on +him like a poisoned pup. Most amusing expressions that man finds. Hhhn: +burst sideways. + +_—Non intres in judicium cum servo tuo, Domine._ + +Makes them feel more important to be prayed over in Latin. Requiem +mass. Crape weepers. Blackedged notepaper. Your name on the altarlist. +Chilly place this. Want to feed well, sitting in there all the morning +in the gloom kicking his heels waiting for the next please. Eyes of a +toad too. What swells him up that way? Molly gets swelled after +cabbage. Air of the place maybe. Looks full up of bad gas. Must be an +infernal lot of bad gas round the place. Butchers, for instance: they +get like raw beefsteaks. Who was telling me? Mervyn Browne. Down in the +vaults of saint Werburgh’s lovely old organ hundred and fifty they have +to bore a hole in the coffins sometimes to let out the bad gas and burn +it. Out it rushes: blue. One whiff of that and you’re a goner. + +My kneecap is hurting me. Ow. That’s better. + +The priest took a stick with a knob at the end of it out of the boy’s +bucket and shook it over the coffin. Then he walked to the other end +and shook it again. Then he came back and put it back in the bucket. As +you were before you rested. It’s all written down: he has to do it. + +_—Et ne nos inducas in tentationem._ + +The server piped the answers in the treble. I often thought it would be +better to have boy servants. Up to fifteen or so. After that, of course +... + +Holy water that was, I expect. Shaking sleep out of it. He must be fed +up with that job, shaking that thing over all the corpses they trot up. +What harm if he could see what he was shaking it over. Every mortal day +a fresh batch: middleaged men, old women, children, women dead in +childbirth, men with beards, baldheaded businessmen, consumptive girls +with little sparrows’ breasts. All the year round he prayed the same +thing over them all and shook water on top of them: sleep. On Dignam +now. + +_—In paradisum._ + +Said he was going to paradise or is in paradise. Says that over +everybody. Tiresome kind of a job. But he has to say something. + +The priest closed his book and went off, followed by the server. Corny +Kelleher opened the sidedoors and the gravediggers came in, hoisted the +coffin again, carried it out and shoved it on their cart. Corny +Kelleher gave one wreath to the boy and one to the brother-in-law. All +followed them out of the sidedoors into the mild grey air. Mr Bloom +came last folding his paper again into his pocket. He gazed gravely at +the ground till the coffincart wheeled off to the left. The metal +wheels ground the gravel with a sharp grating cry and the pack of blunt +boots followed the trundled barrow along a lane of sepulchres. + +The ree the ra the ree the ra the roo. Lord, I mustn’t lilt here. + +—The O’Connell circle, Mr Dedalus said about him. + +Mr Power’s soft eyes went up to the apex of the lofty cone. + +—He’s at rest, he said, in the middle of his people, old Dan O’. But +his heart is buried in Rome. How many broken hearts are buried here, +Simon! + +—Her grave is over there, Jack, Mr Dedalus said. I’ll soon be stretched +beside her. Let Him take me whenever He likes. + +Breaking down, he began to weep to himself quietly, stumbling a little +in his walk. Mr Power took his arm. + +—She’s better where she is, he said kindly. + +—I suppose so, Mr Dedalus said with a weak gasp. I suppose she is in +heaven if there is a heaven. + +Corny Kelleher stepped aside from his rank and allowed the mourners to +plod by. + +—Sad occasions, Mr Kernan began politely. + +Mr Bloom closed his eyes and sadly twice bowed his head. + +—The others are putting on their hats, Mr Kernan said. I suppose we can +do so too. We are the last. This cemetery is a treacherous place. + +They covered their heads. + +—The reverend gentleman read the service too quickly, don’t you think? +Mr Kernan said with reproof. + +Mr Bloom nodded gravely looking in the quick bloodshot eyes. Secret +eyes, secretsearching. Mason, I think: not sure. Beside him again. We +are the last. In the same boat. Hope he’ll say something else. + +Mr Kernan added: + +—The service of the Irish church used in Mount Jerome is simpler, more +impressive I must say. + +Mr Bloom gave prudent assent. The language of course was another thing. + +Mr Kernan said with solemnity: + +—_I am the resurrection and the life_. That touches a man’s inmost +heart. + +—It does, Mr Bloom said. + +Your heart perhaps but what price the fellow in the six feet by two +with his toes to the daisies? No touching that. Seat of the affections. +Broken heart. A pump after all, pumping thousands of gallons of blood +every day. One fine day it gets bunged up: and there you are. Lots of +them lying around here: lungs, hearts, livers. Old rusty pumps: damn +the thing else. The resurrection and the life. Once you are dead you +are dead. That last day idea. Knocking them all up out of their graves. +Come forth, Lazarus! And he came fifth and lost the job. Get up! Last +day! Then every fellow mousing around for his liver and his lights and +the rest of his traps. Find damn all of himself that morning. +Pennyweight of powder in a skull. Twelve grammes one pennyweight. Troy +measure. + +Corny Kelleher fell into step at their side. + +—Everything went off A1, he said. What? + +He looked on them from his drawling eye. Policeman’s shoulders. With +your tooraloom tooraloom. + +—As it should be, Mr Kernan said. + +—What? Eh? Corny Kelleher said. + +Mr Kernan assured him. + +—Who is that chap behind with Tom Kernan? John Henry Menton asked. I +know his face. + +Ned Lambert glanced back. + +—Bloom, he said, Madame Marion Tweedy that was, is, I mean, the +soprano. She’s his wife. + +—O, to be sure, John Henry Menton said. I haven’t seen her for some +time. She was a finelooking woman. I danced with her, wait, fifteen +seventeen golden years ago, at Mat Dillon’s in Roundtown. And a good +armful she was. + +He looked behind through the others. + +—What is he? he asked. What does he do? Wasn’t he in the stationery +line? I fell foul of him one evening, I remember, at bowls. + +Ned Lambert smiled. + +—Yes, he was, he said, in Wisdom Hely’s. A traveller for blottingpaper. + +—In God’s name, John Henry Menton said, what did she marry a coon like +that for? She had plenty of game in her then. + +—Has still, Ned Lambert said. He does some canvassing for ads. + +John Henry Menton’s large eyes stared ahead. + +The barrow turned into a side lane. A portly man, ambushed among the +grasses, raised his hat in homage. The gravediggers touched their caps. + +—John O’Connell, Mr Power said pleased. He never forgets a friend. + +Mr O’Connell shook all their hands in silence. Mr Dedalus said: + +—I am come to pay you another visit. + +—My dear Simon, the caretaker answered in a low voice. I don’t want +your custom at all. + +Saluting Ned Lambert and John Henry Menton he walked on at Martin +Cunningham’s side puzzling two long keys at his back. + +—Did you hear that one, he asked them, about Mulcahy from the Coombe? + +—I did not, Martin Cunningham said. + +They bent their silk hats in concert and Hynes inclined his ear. The +caretaker hung his thumbs in the loops of his gold watchchain and spoke +in a discreet tone to their vacant smiles. + +—They tell the story, he said, that two drunks came out here one foggy +evening to look for the grave of a friend of theirs. They asked for +Mulcahy from the Coombe and were told where he was buried. After +traipsing about in the fog they found the grave sure enough. One of the +drunks spelt out the name: Terence Mulcahy. The other drunk was +blinking up at a statue of Our Saviour the widow had got put up. + +The caretaker blinked up at one of the sepulchres they passed. He +resumed: + +—And, after blinking up at the sacred figure, _Not a bloody bit like +the man_, says he. _That’s not Mulcahy_, says he, _whoever done it_. + +Rewarded by smiles he fell back and spoke with Corny Kelleher, +accepting the dockets given him, turning them over and scanning them as +he walked. + +—That’s all done with a purpose, Martin Cunningham explained to Hynes. + +—I know, Hynes said. I know that. + +—To cheer a fellow up, Martin Cunningham said. It’s pure +goodheartedness: damn the thing else. + +Mr Bloom admired the caretaker’s prosperous bulk. All want to be on +good terms with him. Decent fellow, John O’Connell, real good sort. +Keys: like Keyes’s ad: no fear of anyone getting out. No passout +checks. _Habeas corpus_. I must see about that ad after the funeral. +Did I write Ballsbridge on the envelope I took to cover when she +disturbed me writing to Martha? Hope it’s not chucked in the dead +letter office. Be the better of a shave. Grey sprouting beard. That’s +the first sign when the hairs come out grey. And temper getting cross. +Silver threads among the grey. Fancy being his wife. Wonder he had the +gumption to propose to any girl. Come out and live in the graveyard. +Dangle that before her. It might thrill her first. Courting death. +Shades of night hovering here with all the dead stretched about. The +shadows of the tombs when churchyards yawn and Daniel O’Connell must be +a descendant I suppose who is this used to say he was a queer breedy +man great catholic all the same like a big giant in the dark. Will o’ +the wisp. Gas of graves. Want to keep her mind off it to conceive at +all. Women especially are so touchy. Tell her a ghost story in bed to +make her sleep. Have you ever seen a ghost? Well, I have. It was a +pitchdark night. The clock was on the stroke of twelve. Still they’d +kiss all right if properly keyed up. Whores in Turkish graveyards. +Learn anything if taken young. You might pick up a young widow here. +Men like that. Love among the tombstones. Romeo. Spice of pleasure. In +the midst of death we are in life. Both ends meet. Tantalising for the +poor dead. Smell of grilled beefsteaks to the starving. Gnawing their +vitals. Desire to grig people. Molly wanting to do it at the window. +Eight children he has anyway. + +He has seen a fair share go under in his time, lying around him field +after field. Holy fields. More room if they buried them standing. +Sitting or kneeling you couldn’t. Standing? His head might come up some +day above ground in a landslip with his hand pointing. All honeycombed +the ground must be: oblong cells. And very neat he keeps it too: trim +grass and edgings. His garden Major Gamble calls Mount Jerome. Well, so +it is. Ought to be flowers of sleep. Chinese cemeteries with giant +poppies growing produce the best opium Mastiansky told me. The Botanic +Gardens are just over there. It’s the blood sinking in the earth gives +new life. Same idea those jews they said killed the christian boy. +Every man his price. Well preserved fat corpse, gentleman, epicure, +invaluable for fruit garden. A bargain. By carcass of William +Wilkinson, auditor and accountant, lately deceased, three pounds +thirteen and six. With thanks. + +I daresay the soil would be quite fat with corpsemanure, bones, flesh, +nails. Charnelhouses. Dreadful. Turning green and pink decomposing. Rot +quick in damp earth. The lean old ones tougher. Then a kind of a +tallowy kind of a cheesy. Then begin to get black, black treacle oozing +out of them. Then dried up. Deathmoths. Of course the cells or whatever +they are go on living. Changing about. Live for ever practically. +Nothing to feed on feed on themselves. + +But they must breed a devil of a lot of maggots. Soil must be simply +swirling with them. Your head it simply swurls. Those pretty little +seaside gurls. He looks cheerful enough over it. Gives him a sense of +power seeing all the others go under first. Wonder how he looks at +life. Cracking his jokes too: warms the cockles of his heart. The one +about the bulletin. Spurgeon went to heaven 4 a.m. this morning. 11 +p.m. (closing time). Not arrived yet. Peter. The dead themselves the +men anyhow would like to hear an odd joke or the women to know what’s +in fashion. A juicy pear or ladies’ punch, hot, strong and sweet. Keep +out the damp. You must laugh sometimes so better do it that way. +Gravediggers in _Hamlet_. Shows the profound knowledge of the human +heart. Daren’t joke about the dead for two years at least. _De mortuis +nil nisi prius_. Go out of mourning first. Hard to imagine his funeral. +Seems a sort of a joke. Read your own obituary notice they say you live +longer. Gives you second wind. New lease of life. + +—How many have you for tomorrow? the caretaker asked. + +—Two, Corny Kelleher said. Half ten and eleven. + +The caretaker put the papers in his pocket. The barrow had ceased to +trundle. The mourners split and moved to each side of the hole, +stepping with care round the graves. The gravediggers bore the coffin +and set its nose on the brink, looping the bands round it. + +Burying him. We come to bury Cæsar. His ides of March or June. He +doesn’t know who is here nor care. Now who is that lankylooking galoot +over there in the macintosh? Now who is he I’d like to know? Now I’d +give a trifle to know who he is. Always someone turns up you never +dreamt of. A fellow could live on his lonesome all his life. Yes, he +could. Still he’d have to get someone to sod him after he died though +he could dig his own grave. We all do. Only man buries. No, ants too. +First thing strikes anybody. Bury the dead. Say Robinson Crusoe was +true to life. Well then Friday buried him. Every Friday buries a +Thursday if you come to look at it. + + O, poor Robinson Crusoe! + How could you possibly do so? + +Poor Dignam! His last lie on the earth in his box. When you think of +them all it does seem a waste of wood. All gnawed through. They could +invent a handsome bier with a kind of panel sliding, let it down that +way. Ay but they might object to be buried out of another fellow’s. +They’re so particular. Lay me in my native earth. Bit of clay from the +holy land. Only a mother and deadborn child ever buried in the one +coffin. I see what it means. I see. To protect him as long as possible +even in the earth. The Irishman’s house is his coffin. Embalming in +catacombs, mummies the same idea. + +Mr Bloom stood far back, his hat in his hand, counting the bared heads. +Twelve. I’m thirteen. No. The chap in the macintosh is thirteen. +Death’s number. Where the deuce did he pop out of? He wasn’t in the +chapel, that I’ll swear. Silly superstition that about thirteen. + +Nice soft tweed Ned Lambert has in that suit. Tinge of purple. I had +one like that when we lived in Lombard street west. Dressy fellow he +was once. Used to change three suits in the day. Must get that grey +suit of mine turned by Mesias. Hello. It’s dyed. His wife I forgot he’s +not married or his landlady ought to have picked out those threads for +him. + +The coffin dived out of sight, eased down by the men straddled on the +gravetrestles. They struggled up and out: and all uncovered. Twenty. + +Pause. + +If we were all suddenly somebody else. + +Far away a donkey brayed. Rain. No such ass. Never see a dead one, they +say. Shame of death. They hide. Also poor papa went away. + +Gentle sweet air blew round the bared heads in a whisper. Whisper. The +boy by the gravehead held his wreath with both hands staring quietly in +the black open space. Mr Bloom moved behind the portly kindly +caretaker. Wellcut frockcoat. Weighing them up perhaps to see which +will go next. Well, it is a long rest. Feel no more. It’s the moment +you feel. Must be damned unpleasant. Can’t believe it at first. Mistake +must be: someone else. Try the house opposite. Wait, I wanted to. I +haven’t yet. Then darkened deathchamber. Light they want. Whispering +around you. Would you like to see a priest? Then rambling and +wandering. Delirium all you hid all your life. The death struggle. His +sleep is not natural. Press his lower eyelid. Watching is his nose +pointed is his jaw sinking are the soles of his feet yellow. Pull the +pillow away and finish it off on the floor since he’s doomed. Devil in +that picture of sinner’s death showing him a woman. Dying to embrace +her in his shirt. Last act of _Lucia. Shall I nevermore behold thee_? +Bam! He expires. Gone at last. People talk about you a bit: forget you. +Don’t forget to pray for him. Remember him in your prayers. Even +Parnell. Ivy day dying out. Then they follow: dropping into a hole, one +after the other. + +We are praying now for the repose of his soul. Hoping you’re well and +not in hell. Nice change of air. Out of the fryingpan of life into the +fire of purgatory. + +Does he ever think of the hole waiting for himself? They say you do +when you shiver in the sun. Someone walking over it. Callboy’s warning. +Near you. Mine over there towards Finglas, the plot I bought. Mamma, +poor mamma, and little Rudy. + +The gravediggers took up their spades and flung heavy clods of clay in +on the coffin. Mr Bloom turned away his face. And if he was alive all +the time? Whew! By jingo, that would be awful! No, no: he is dead, of +course. Of course he is dead. Monday he died. They ought to have some +law to pierce the heart and make sure or an electric clock or a +telephone in the coffin and some kind of a canvas airhole. Flag of +distress. Three days. Rather long to keep them in summer. Just as well +to get shut of them as soon as you are sure there’s no. + +The clay fell softer. Begin to be forgotten. Out of sight, out of mind. + +The caretaker moved away a few paces and put on his hat. Had enough of +it. The mourners took heart of grace, one by one, covering themselves +without show. Mr Bloom put on his hat and saw the portly figure make +its way deftly through the maze of graves. Quietly, sure of his ground, +he traversed the dismal fields. + +Hynes jotting down something in his notebook. Ah, the names. But he +knows them all. No: coming to me. + +—I am just taking the names, Hynes said below his breath. What is your +christian name? I’m not sure. + +—L, Mr Bloom said. Leopold. And you might put down M’Coy’s name too. He +asked me to. + +—Charley, Hynes said writing. I know. He was on the _Freeman_ once. + +So he was before he got the job in the morgue under Louis Byrne. Good +idea a postmortem for doctors. Find out what they imagine they know. He +died of a Tuesday. Got the run. Levanted with the cash of a few ads. +Charley, you’re my darling. That was why he asked me to. O well, does +no harm. I saw to that, M’Coy. Thanks, old chap: much obliged. Leave +him under an obligation: costs nothing. + +—And tell us, Hynes said, do you know that fellow in the, fellow was +over there in the... + +He looked around. + +—Macintosh. Yes, I saw him, Mr Bloom said. Where is he now? + +—M’Intosh, Hynes said scribbling. I don’t know who he is. Is that his +name? + +He moved away, looking about him. + +—No, Mr Bloom began, turning and stopping. I say, Hynes! + +Didn’t hear. What? Where has he disappeared to? Not a sign. Well of all +the. Has anybody here seen? Kay ee double ell. Become invisible. Good +Lord, what became of him? + +A seventh gravedigger came beside Mr Bloom to take up an idle spade. + +—O, excuse me! + +He stepped aside nimbly. + +Clay, brown, damp, began to be seen in the hole. It rose. Nearly over. +A mound of damp clods rose more, rose, and the gravediggers rested +their spades. All uncovered again for a few instants. The boy propped +his wreath against a corner: the brother-in-law his on a lump. The +gravediggers put on their caps and carried their earthy spades towards +the barrow. Then knocked the blades lightly on the turf: clean. One +bent to pluck from the haft a long tuft of grass. One, leaving his +mates, walked slowly on with shouldered weapon, its blade blueglancing. +Silently at the gravehead another coiled the coffinband. His navelcord. +The brother-in-law, turning away, placed something in his free hand. +Thanks in silence. Sorry, sir: trouble. Headshake. I know that. For +yourselves just. + +The mourners moved away slowly without aim, by devious paths, staying +at whiles to read a name on a tomb. + +—Let us go round by the chief’s grave, Hynes said. We have time. + +—Let us, Mr Power said. + +They turned to the right, following their slow thoughts. With awe Mr +Power’s blank voice spoke: + +—Some say he is not in that grave at all. That the coffin was filled +with stones. That one day he will come again. + +Hynes shook his head. + +—Parnell will never come again, he said. He’s there, all that was +mortal of him. Peace to his ashes. + +Mr Bloom walked unheeded along his grove by saddened angels, crosses, +broken pillars, family vaults, stone hopes praying with upcast eyes, +old Ireland’s hearts and hands. More sensible to spend the money on +some charity for the living. Pray for the repose of the soul of. Does +anybody really? Plant him and have done with him. Like down a +coalshoot. Then lump them together to save time. All souls’ day. +Twentyseventh I’ll be at his grave. Ten shillings for the gardener. He +keeps it free of weeds. Old man himself. Bent down double with his +shears clipping. Near death’s door. Who passed away. Who departed this +life. As if they did it of their own accord. Got the shove, all of +them. Who kicked the bucket. More interesting if they told you what +they were. So and So, wheelwright. I travelled for cork lino. I paid +five shillings in the pound. Or a woman’s with her saucepan. I cooked +good Irish stew. Eulogy in a country churchyard it ought to be that +poem of whose is it Wordsworth or Thomas Campbell. Entered into rest +the protestants put it. Old Dr Murren’s. The great physician called him +home. Well it’s God’s acre for them. Nice country residence. Newly +plastered and painted. Ideal spot to have a quiet smoke and read the +_Church Times._ Marriage ads they never try to beautify. Rusty wreaths +hung on knobs, garlands of bronzefoil. Better value that for the money. +Still, the flowers are more poetical. The other gets rather tiresome, +never withering. Expresses nothing. Immortelles. + +A bird sat tamely perched on a poplar branch. Like stuffed. Like the +wedding present alderman Hooper gave us. Hoo! Not a budge out of him. +Knows there are no catapults to let fly at him. Dead animal even +sadder. Silly-Milly burying the little dead bird in the kitchen +matchbox, a daisychain and bits of broken chainies on the grave. + +The Sacred Heart that is: showing it. Heart on his sleeve. Ought to be +sideways and red it should be painted like a real heart. Ireland was +dedicated to it or whatever that. Seems anything but pleased. Why this +infliction? Would birds come then and peck like the boy with the basket +of fruit but he said no because they ought to have been afraid of the +boy. Apollo that was. + +How many! All these here once walked round Dublin. Faithful departed. +As you are now so once were we. + +Besides how could you remember everybody? Eyes, walk, voice. Well, the +voice, yes: gramophone. Have a gramophone in every grave or keep it in +the house. After dinner on a Sunday. Put on poor old greatgrandfather. +Kraahraark! Hellohellohello amawfullyglad kraark awfullygladaseeagain +hellohello amawf krpthsth. Remind you of the voice like the photograph +reminds you of the face. Otherwise you couldn’t remember the face after +fifteen years, say. For instance who? For instance some fellow that +died when I was in Wisdom Hely’s. + +Rtststr! A rattle of pebbles. Wait. Stop! + +He looked down intently into a stone crypt. Some animal. Wait. There he +goes. + +An obese grey rat toddled along the side of the crypt, moving the +pebbles. An old stager: greatgrandfather: he knows the ropes. The grey +alive crushed itself in under the plinth, wriggled itself in under it. +Good hidingplace for treasure. + +Who lives there? Are laid the remains of Robert Emery. Robert Emmet was +buried here by torchlight, wasn’t he? Making his rounds. + +Tail gone now. + +One of those chaps would make short work of a fellow. Pick the bones +clean no matter who it was. Ordinary meat for them. A corpse is meat +gone bad. Well and what’s cheese? Corpse of milk. I read in that +_Voyages in China_ that the Chinese say a white man smells like a +corpse. Cremation better. Priests dead against it. Devilling for the +other firm. Wholesale burners and Dutch oven dealers. Time of the +plague. Quicklime feverpits to eat them. Lethal chamber. Ashes to +ashes. Or bury at sea. Where is that Parsee tower of silence? Eaten by +birds. Earth, fire, water. Drowning they say is the pleasantest. See +your whole life in a flash. But being brought back to life no. Can’t +bury in the air however. Out of a flying machine. Wonder does the news +go about whenever a fresh one is let down. Underground communication. +We learned that from them. Wouldn’t be surprised. Regular square feed +for them. Flies come before he’s well dead. Got wind of Dignam. They +wouldn’t care about the smell of it. Saltwhite crumbling mush of +corpse: smell, taste like raw white turnips. + +The gates glimmered in front: still open. Back to the world again. +Enough of this place. Brings you a bit nearer every time. Last time I +was here was Mrs Sinico’s funeral. Poor papa too. The love that kills. +And even scraping up the earth at night with a lantern like that case I +read of to get at fresh buried females or even putrefied with running +gravesores. Give you the creeps after a bit. I will appear to you after +death. You will see my ghost after death. My ghost will haunt you after +death. There is another world after death named hell. I do not like +that other world she wrote. No more do I. Plenty to see and hear and +feel yet. Feel live warm beings near you. Let them sleep in their +maggoty beds. They are not going to get me this innings. Warm beds: +warm fullblooded life. + +Martin Cunningham emerged from a sidepath, talking gravely. + +Solicitor, I think. I know his face. Menton, John Henry, solicitor, +commissioner for oaths and affidavits. Dignam used to be in his office. +Mat Dillon’s long ago. Jolly Mat. Convivial evenings. Cold fowl, +cigars, the Tantalus glasses. Heart of gold really. Yes, Menton. Got +his rag out that evening on the bowlinggreen because I sailed inside +him. Pure fluke of mine: the bias. Why he took such a rooted dislike to +me. Hate at first sight. Molly and Floey Dillon linked under the +lilactree, laughing. Fellow always like that, mortified if women are +by. + +Got a dinge in the side of his hat. Carriage probably. + +—Excuse me, sir, Mr Bloom said beside them. + +They stopped. + +—Your hat is a little crushed, Mr Bloom said pointing. + +John Henry Menton stared at him for an instant without moving. + +—There, Martin Cunningham helped, pointing also. + +John Henry Menton took off his hat, bulged out the dinge and smoothed +the nap with care on his coatsleeve. He clapped the hat on his head +again. + +—It’s all right now, Martin Cunningham said. + +John Henry Menton jerked his head down in acknowledgment. + +—Thank you, he said shortly. + +They walked on towards the gates. Mr Bloom, chapfallen, drew behind a +few paces so as not to overhear. Martin laying down the law. Martin +could wind a sappyhead like that round his little finger, without his +seeing it. + +Oyster eyes. Never mind. Be sorry after perhaps when it dawns on him. +Get the pull over him that way. + +Thank you. How grand we are this morning! + + + + +[ 7 ] + + +IN THE HEART OF THE HIBERNIAN METROPOLIS + + +Before Nelson’s pillar trams slowed, shunted, changed trolley, started +for Blackrock, Kingstown and Dalkey, Clonskea, Rathgar and Terenure, +Palmerston Park and upper Rathmines, Sandymount Green, Rathmines, +Ringsend and Sandymount Tower, Harold’s Cross. The hoarse Dublin United +Tramway Company’s timekeeper bawled them off: + +—Rathgar and Terenure! + +—Come on, Sandymount Green! + +Right and left parallel clanging ringing a doubledecker and a +singledeck moved from their railheads, swerved to the down line, glided +parallel. + +—Start, Palmerston Park! + +THE WEARER OF THE CROWN + + +Under the porch of the general post office shoeblacks called and +polished. Parked in North Prince’s street His Majesty’s vermilion +mailcars, bearing on their sides the royal initials, E. R., received +loudly flung sacks of letters, postcards, lettercards, parcels, insured +and paid, for local, provincial, British and overseas delivery. + +GENTLEMEN OF THE PRESS + + +Grossbooted draymen rolled barrels dullthudding out of Prince’s stores +and bumped them up on the brewery float. On the brewery float bumped +dullthudding barrels rolled by grossbooted draymen out of Prince’s +stores. + +—There it is, Red Murray said. Alexander Keyes. + +—Just cut it out, will you? Mr Bloom said, and I’ll take it round to +the _Telegraph_ office. + +The door of Ruttledge’s office creaked again. Davy Stephens, minute in +a large capecoat, a small felt hat crowning his ringlets, passed out +with a roll of papers under his cape, a king’s courier. + +Red Murray’s long shears sliced out the advertisement from the +newspaper in four clean strokes. Scissors and paste. + +—I’ll go through the printingworks, Mr Bloom said, taking the cut +square. + +—Of course, if he wants a par, Red Murray said earnestly, a pen behind +his ear, we can do him one. + +—Right, Mr Bloom said with a nod. I’ll rub that in. + +We. + +WILLIAM BRAYDEN, ESQUIRE, OF OAKLANDS, SANDYMOUNT + + +Red Murray touched Mr Bloom’s arm with the shears and whispered: + +—Brayden. + +Mr Bloom turned and saw the liveried porter raise his lettered cap as a +stately figure entered between the newsboards of the _Weekly Freeman +and National Press_ and the _Freeman’s Journal and National Press_. +Dullthudding Guinness’s barrels. It passed statelily up the staircase, +steered by an umbrella, a solemn beardframed face. The broadcloth back +ascended each step: back. All his brains are in the nape of his neck, +Simon Dedalus says. Welts of flesh behind on him. Fat folds of neck, +fat, neck, fat, neck. + +—Don’t you think his face is like Our Saviour? Red Murray whispered. + +The door of Ruttledge’s office whispered: ee: cree. They always build +one door opposite another for the wind to. Way in. Way out. + +Our Saviour: beardframed oval face: talking in the dusk. Mary, Martha. +Steered by an umbrella sword to the footlights: Mario the tenor. + +—Or like Mario, Mr Bloom said. + +—Yes, Red Murray agreed. But Mario was said to be the picture of Our +Saviour. + +Jesusmario with rougy cheeks, doublet and spindle legs. Hand on his +heart. In _Martha._ + + Co-ome thou lost one, + Co-ome thou dear one! + +THE CROZIER AND THE PEN + + +—His grace phoned down twice this morning, Red Murray said gravely. + +They watched the knees, legs, boots vanish. Neck. + +A telegram boy stepped in nimbly, threw an envelope on the counter and +stepped off posthaste with a word: + +_—Freeman!_ + +Mr Bloom said slowly: + +—Well, he is one of our saviours also. + +A meek smile accompanied him as he lifted the counterflap, as he passed +in through a sidedoor and along the warm dark stairs and passage, along +the now reverberating boards. But will he save the circulation? +Thumping. Thumping. + +He pushed in the glass swingdoor and entered, stepping over strewn +packing paper. Through a lane of clanking drums he made his way towards +Nannetti’s reading closet. + +WITH UNFEIGNED REGRET IT IS WE ANNOUNCE THE DISSOLUTION OF A MOST +RESPECTED DUBLIN BURGESS + + +Hynes here too: account of the funeral probably. Thumping. Thump. This +morning the remains of the late Mr Patrick Dignam. Machines. Smash a +man to atoms if they got him caught. Rule the world today. His +machineries are pegging away too. Like these, got out of hand: +fermenting. Working away, tearing away. And that old grey rat tearing +to get in. + +HOW A GREAT DAILY ORGAN IS TURNED OUT + + +Mr Bloom halted behind the foreman’s spare body, admiring a glossy +crown. + +Strange he never saw his real country. Ireland my country. Member for +College green. He boomed that workaday worker tack for all it was +worth. It’s the ads and side features sell a weekly, not the stale news +in the official gazette. Queen Anne is dead. Published by authority in +the year one thousand and. Demesne situate in the townland of +Rosenallis, barony of Tinnahinch. To all whom it may concern schedule +pursuant to statute showing return of number of mules and jennets +exported from Ballina. Nature notes. Cartoons. Phil Blake’s weekly Pat +and Bull story. Uncle Toby’s page for tiny tots. Country bumpkin’s +queries. Dear Mr Editor, what is a good cure for flatulence? I’d like +that part. Learn a lot teaching others. The personal note. M. A. P. +Mainly all pictures. Shapely bathers on golden strand. World’s biggest +balloon. Double marriage of sisters celebrated. Two bridegrooms +laughing heartily at each other. Cuprani too, printer. More Irish than +the Irish. + +The machines clanked in threefour time. Thump, thump, thump. Now if he +got paralysed there and no-one knew how to stop them they’d clank on +and on the same, print it over and over and up and back. Monkeydoodle +the whole thing. Want a cool head. + +—Well, get it into the evening edition, councillor, Hynes said. + +Soon be calling him my lord mayor. Long John is backing him, they say. + +The foreman, without answering, scribbled press on a corner of the +sheet and made a sign to a typesetter. He handed the sheet silently +over the dirty glass screen. + +—Right: thanks, Hynes said moving off. + +Mr Bloom stood in his way. + +—If you want to draw the cashier is just going to lunch, he said, +pointing backward with his thumb. + +—Did you? Hynes asked. + +—Mm, Mr Bloom said. Look sharp and you’ll catch him. + +—Thanks, old man, Hynes said. I’ll tap him too. + +He hurried on eagerly towards the _Freeman’s Journal_. + +Three bob I lent him in Meagher’s. Three weeks. Third hint. + +WE SEE THE CANVASSER AT WORK + + +Mr Bloom laid his cutting on Mr Nannetti’s desk. + +—Excuse me, councillor, he said. This ad, you see. Keyes, you remember? + +Mr Nannetti considered the cutting awhile and nodded. + +—He wants it in for July, Mr Bloom said. + +The foreman moved his pencil towards it. + +—But wait, Mr Bloom said. He wants it changed. Keyes, you see. He wants +two keys at the top. + +Hell of a racket they make. He doesn’t hear it. Nannan. Iron nerves. +Maybe he understands what I. + +The foreman turned round to hear patiently and, lifting an elbow, began +to scratch slowly in the armpit of his alpaca jacket. + +—Like that, Mr Bloom said, crossing his forefingers at the top. + +Let him take that in first. + +Mr Bloom, glancing sideways up from the cross he had made, saw the +foreman’s sallow face, think he has a touch of jaundice, and beyond the +obedient reels feeding in huge webs of paper. Clank it. Clank it. Miles +of it unreeled. What becomes of it after? O, wrap up meat, parcels: +various uses, thousand and one things. + +Slipping his words deftly into the pauses of the clanking he drew +swiftly on the scarred woodwork. + +HOUSE OF KEY(E)S + + +—Like that, see. Two crossed keys here. A circle. Then here the name. +Alexander Keyes, tea, wine and spirit merchant. So on. + +Better not teach him his own business. + +—You know yourself, councillor, just what he wants. Then round the top +in leaded: the house of keys. You see? Do you think that’s a good idea? + +The foreman moved his scratching hand to his lower ribs and scratched +there quietly. + +—The idea, Mr Bloom said, is the house of keys. You know, councillor, +the Manx parliament. Innuendo of home rule. Tourists, you know, from +the isle of Man. Catches the eye, you see. Can you do that? + +I could ask him perhaps about how to pronounce that _voglio._ But then +if he didn’t know only make it awkward for him. Better not. + +—We can do that, the foreman said. Have you the design? + +—I can get it, Mr Bloom said. It was in a Kilkenny paper. He has a +house there too. I’ll just run out and ask him. Well, you can do that +and just a little par calling attention. You know the usual. Highclass +licensed premises. Longfelt want. So on. + +The foreman thought for an instant. + +—We can do that, he said. Let him give us a three months’ renewal. + +A typesetter brought him a limp galleypage. He began to check it +silently. Mr Bloom stood by, hearing the loud throbs of cranks, +watching the silent typesetters at their cases. + +ORTHOGRAPHICAL + + +Want to be sure of his spelling. Proof fever. Martin Cunningham forgot +to give us his spellingbee conundrum this morning. It is amusing to +view the unpar one ar alleled embarra two ars is it? double ess ment of +a harassed pedlar while gauging au the symmetry with a y of a peeled +pear under a cemetery wall. Silly, isn’t it? Cemetery put in of course +on account of the symmetry. + +I should have said when he clapped on his topper. Thank you. I ought to +have said something about an old hat or something. No. I could have +said. Looks as good as new now. See his phiz then. + +Sllt. The nethermost deck of the first machine jogged forward its +flyboard with sllt the first batch of quirefolded papers. Sllt. Almost +human the way it sllt to call attention. Doing its level best to speak. +That door too sllt creaking, asking to be shut. Everything speaks in +its own way. Sllt. + +NOTED CHURCHMAN AN OCCASIONAL CONTRIBUTOR + + +The foreman handed back the galleypage suddenly, saying: + +—Wait. Where’s the archbishop’s letter? It’s to be repeated in the +_Telegraph._ Where’s what’s his name? + +He looked about him round his loud unanswering machines. + +—Monks, sir? a voice asked from the castingbox. + +—Ay. Where’s Monks? + +—Monks! + +Mr Bloom took up his cutting. Time to get out. + +—Then I’ll get the design, Mr Nannetti, he said, and you’ll give it a +good place I know. + +—Monks! + +—Yes, sir. + +Three months’ renewal. Want to get some wind off my chest first. Try it +anyhow. Rub in August: good idea: horseshow month. Ballsbridge. +Tourists over for the show. + +A DAYFATHER + + +He walked on through the caseroom passing an old man, bowed, +spectacled, aproned. Old Monks, the dayfather. Queer lot of stuff he +must have put through his hands in his time: obituary notices, pubs’ +ads, speeches, divorce suits, found drowned. Nearing the end of his +tether now. Sober serious man with a bit in the savingsbank I’d say. +Wife a good cook and washer. Daughter working the machine in the +parlour. Plain Jane, no damn nonsense. + +AND IT WAS THE FEAST OF THE PASSOVER + + +He stayed in his walk to watch a typesetter neatly distributing type. +Reads it backwards first. Quickly he does it. Must require some +practice that. mangiD kcirtaP. Poor papa with his hagadah book, reading +backwards with his finger to me. Pessach. Next year in Jerusalem. Dear, +O dear! All that long business about that brought us out of the land of +Egypt and into the house of bondage _alleluia. Shema Israel Adonai +Elohenu_. No, that’s the other. Then the twelve brothers, Jacob’s sons. +And then the lamb and the cat and the dog and the stick and the water +and the butcher. And then the angel of death kills the butcher and he +kills the ox and the dog kills the cat. Sounds a bit silly till you +come to look into it well. Justice it means but it’s everybody eating +everyone else. That’s what life is after all. How quickly he does that +job. Practice makes perfect. Seems to see with his fingers. + +Mr Bloom passed on out of the clanking noises through the gallery on to +the landing. Now am I going to tram it out all the way and then catch +him out perhaps. Better phone him up first. Number? Yes. Same as +Citron’s house. Twentyeight. Twentyeight double four. + +ONLY ONCE MORE THAT SOAP + + +He went down the house staircase. Who the deuce scrawled all over those +walls with matches? Looks as if they did it for a bet. Heavy greasy +smell there always is in those works. Lukewarm glue in Thom’s next door +when I was there. + +He took out his handkerchief to dab his nose. Citronlemon? Ah, the soap +I put there. Lose it out of that pocket. Putting back his handkerchief +he took out the soap and stowed it away, buttoned, into the hip pocket +of his trousers. + +What perfume does your wife use? I could go home still: tram: something +I forgot. Just to see: before: dressing. No. Here. No. + +A sudden screech of laughter came from the _Evening Telegraph_ office. +Know who that is. What’s up? Pop in a minute to phone. Ned Lambert it +is. + +He entered softly. + +ERIN, GREEN GEM OF THE SILVER SEA + + +—The ghost walks, professor MacHugh murmured softly, biscuitfully to +the dusty windowpane. + +Mr Dedalus, staring from the empty fireplace at Ned Lambert’s quizzing +face, asked of it sourly: + +—Agonising Christ, wouldn’t it give you a heartburn on your arse? + +Ned Lambert, seated on the table, read on: + +—_Or again, note the meanderings of some purling rill as it babbles on +its way, tho’ quarrelling with the stony obstacles, to the tumbling +waters of Neptune’s blue domain, ’mid mossy banks, fanned by gentlest +zephyrs, played on by the glorious sunlight or ’neath the shadows cast +o’er its pensive bosom by the overarching leafage of the giants of the +forest_. What about that, Simon? he asked over the fringe of his +newspaper. How’s that for high? + +—Changing his drink, Mr Dedalus said. + +Ned Lambert, laughing, struck the newspaper on his knees, repeating: + +—_The pensive bosom and the overarsing leafage_. O boys! O boys! + +—And Xenophon looked upon Marathon, Mr Dedalus said, looking again on +the fireplace and to the window, and Marathon looked on the sea. + +—That will do, professor MacHugh cried from the window. I don’t want to +hear any more of the stuff. + +He ate off the crescent of water biscuit he had been nibbling and, +hungered, made ready to nibble the biscuit in his other hand. + +High falutin stuff. Bladderbags. Ned Lambert is taking a day off I see. +Rather upsets a man’s day, a funeral does. He has influence they say. +Old Chatterton, the vicechancellor, is his granduncle or his +greatgranduncle. Close on ninety they say. Subleader for his death +written this long time perhaps. Living to spite them. Might go first +himself. Johnny, make room for your uncle. The right honourable Hedges +Eyre Chatterton. Daresay he writes him an odd shaky cheque or two on +gale days. Windfall when he kicks out. Alleluia. + +—Just another spasm, Ned Lambert said. + +—What is it? Mr Bloom asked. + +—A recently discovered fragment of Cicero, professor MacHugh answered +with pomp of tone. _Our lovely land_. + +SHORT BUT TO THE POINT + + +—Whose land? Mr Bloom said simply. + +—Most pertinent question, the professor said between his chews. With an +accent on the whose. + +—Dan Dawson’s land Mr Dedalus said. + +—Is it his speech last night? Mr Bloom asked. + +Ned Lambert nodded. + +—But listen to this, he said. + +The doorknob hit Mr Bloom in the small of the back as the door was +pushed in. + +—Excuse me, J. J. O’Molloy said, entering. + +Mr Bloom moved nimbly aside. + +—I beg yours, he said. + +—Good day, Jack. + +—Come in. Come in. + +—Good day. + +—How are you, Dedalus? + +—Well. And yourself? + +J. J. O’Molloy shook his head. + +SAD + + +Cleverest fellow at the junior bar he used to be. Decline, poor chap. +That hectic flush spells finis for a man. Touch and go with him. What’s +in the wind, I wonder. Money worry. + +—_Or again if we but climb the serried mountain peaks._ + +—You’re looking extra. + +—Is the editor to be seen? J. J. O’Molloy asked, looking towards the +inner door. + +—Very much so, professor MacHugh said. To be seen and heard. He’s in +his sanctum with Lenehan. + +J. J. O’Molloy strolled to the sloping desk and began to turn back the +pink pages of the file. + +Practice dwindling. A mighthavebeen. Losing heart. Gambling. Debts of +honour. Reaping the whirlwind. Used to get good retainers from D. and +T. Fitzgerald. Their wigs to show the grey matter. Brains on their +sleeve like the statue in Glasnevin. Believe he does some literary work +for the _Express_ with Gabriel Conroy. Wellread fellow. Myles Crawford +began on the _Independent._ Funny the way those newspaper men veer +about when they get wind of a new opening. Weathercocks. Hot and cold +in the same breath. Wouldn’t know which to believe. One story good till +you hear the next. Go for one another baldheaded in the papers and then +all blows over. Hail fellow well met the next moment. + +—Ah, listen to this for God’ sake, Ned Lambert pleaded. _Or again if we +but climb the serried mountain peaks..._ + +—Bombast! the professor broke in testily. Enough of the inflated +windbag! + +—_Peaks_, Ned Lambert went on, _towering high on high, to bathe our +souls, as it were..._ + +—Bathe his lips, Mr Dedalus said. Blessed and eternal God! Yes? Is he +taking anything for it? + +_—As ’twere, in the peerless panorama of Ireland’s portfolio, +unmatched, despite their wellpraised prototypes in other vaunted prize +regions, for very beauty, of bosky grove and undulating plain and +luscious pastureland of vernal green, steeped in the transcendent +translucent glow of our mild mysterious Irish twilight..._ + +HIS NATIVE DORIC + + +—The moon, professor MacHugh said. He forgot Hamlet. + +_—That mantles the vista far and wide and wait till the glowing orb of +the moon shine forth to irradiate her silver effulgence..._ + +—O! Mr Dedalus cried, giving vent to a hopeless groan. Shite and +onions! That’ll do, Ned. Life is too short. + +He took off his silk hat and, blowing out impatiently his bushy +moustache, welshcombed his hair with raking fingers. + +Ned Lambert tossed the newspaper aside, chuckling with delight. An +instant after a hoarse bark of laughter burst over professor MacHugh’s +unshaven blackspectacled face. + +—Doughy Daw! he cried. + +WHAT WETHERUP SAID + + +All very fine to jeer at it now in cold print but it goes down like hot +cake that stuff. He was in the bakery line too, wasn’t he? Why they +call him Doughy Daw. Feathered his nest well anyhow. Daughter engaged +to that chap in the inland revenue office with the motor. Hooked that +nicely. Entertainments. Open house. Big blowout. Wetherup always said +that. Get a grip of them by the stomach. + +The inner door was opened violently and a scarlet beaked face, crested +by a comb of feathery hair, thrust itself in. The bold blue eyes stared +about them and the harsh voice asked: + +—What is it? + +—And here comes the sham squire himself! professor MacHugh said +grandly. + +—Getonouthat, you bloody old pedagogue! the editor said in recognition. + +—Come, Ned, Mr Dedalus said, putting on his hat. I must get a drink +after that. + +—Drink! the editor cried. No drinks served before mass. + +—Quite right too, Mr Dedalus said, going out. Come on, Ned. + +Ned Lambert sidled down from the table. The editor’s blue eyes roved +towards Mr Bloom’s face, shadowed by a smile. + +—Will you join us, Myles? Ned Lambert asked. + +MEMORABLE BATTLES RECALLED + + +—North Cork militia! the editor cried, striding to the mantelpiece. We +won every time! North Cork and Spanish officers! + +—Where was that, Myles? Ned Lambert asked with a reflective glance at +his toecaps. + +—In Ohio! the editor shouted. + +—So it was, begad, Ned Lambert agreed. + +Passing out he whispered to J. J. O’Molloy: + +—Incipient jigs. Sad case. + +—Ohio! the editor crowed in high treble from his uplifted scarlet face. +My Ohio! + +—A perfect cretic! the professor said. Long, short and long. + +O, HARP EOLIAN! + + +He took a reel of dental floss from his waistcoat pocket and, breaking +off a piece, twanged it smartly between two and two of his resonant +unwashed teeth. + +—Bingbang, bangbang. + +Mr Bloom, seeing the coast clear, made for the inner door. + +—Just a moment, Mr Crawford, he said. I just want to phone about an ad. + +He went in. + +—What about that leader this evening? professor MacHugh asked, coming +to the editor and laying a firm hand on his shoulder. + +—That’ll be all right, Myles Crawford said more calmly. Never you fret. +Hello, Jack. That’s all right. + +—Good day, Myles, J. J. O’Molloy said, letting the pages he held slip +limply back on the file. Is that Canada swindle case on today? + +The telephone whirred inside. + +—Twentyeight... No, twenty... Double four... Yes. + +SPOT THE WINNER + + +Lenehan came out of the inner office with _Sport_’s tissues. + +—Who wants a dead cert for the Gold cup? he asked. Sceptre with O. +Madden up. + +He tossed the tissues on to the table. + +Screams of newsboys barefoot in the hall rushed near and the door was +flung open. + +—Hush, Lenehan said. I hear feetstoops. + +Professor MacHugh strode across the room and seized the cringing urchin +by the collar as the others scampered out of the hall and down the +steps. The tissues rustled up in the draught, floated softly in the air +blue scrawls and under the table came to earth. + +—It wasn’t me, sir. It was the big fellow shoved me, sir. + +—Throw him out and shut the door, the editor said. There’s a hurricane +blowing. + +Lenehan began to paw the tissues up from the floor, grunting as he +stooped twice. + +—Waiting for the racing special, sir, the newsboy said. It was Pat +Farrell shoved me, sir. + +He pointed to two faces peering in round the doorframe. + +—Him, sir. + +—Out of this with you, professor MacHugh said gruffly. + +He hustled the boy out and banged the door to. + +J. J. O’Molloy turned the files crackingly over, murmuring, seeking: + +—Continued on page six, column four. + +—Yes, _Evening Telegraph_ here, Mr Bloom phoned from the inner office. +Is the boss...? Yes, _Telegraph_... To where? Aha! Which auction +rooms?... Aha! I see... Right. I’ll catch him. + +A COLLISION ENSUES + + +The bell whirred again as he rang off. He came in quickly and bumped +against Lenehan who was struggling up with the second tissue. + +—_Pardon, monsieur_, Lenehan said, clutching him for an instant and +making a grimace. + +—My fault, Mr Bloom said, suffering his grip. Are you hurt? I’m in a +hurry. + +—Knee, Lenehan said. + +He made a comic face and whined, rubbing his knee: + +—The accumulation of the _anno Domini_. + +—Sorry, Mr Bloom said. + +He went to the door and, holding it ajar, paused. J. J. O’Molloy +slapped the heavy pages over. The noise of two shrill voices, a +mouthorgan, echoed in the bare hallway from the newsboys squatted on +the doorsteps: + + We are the boys of Wexford + Who fought with heart and hand. + +EXIT BLOOM + + +—I’m just running round to Bachelor’s walk, Mr Bloom said, about this +ad of Keyes’s. Want to fix it up. They tell me he’s round there in +Dillon’s. + +He looked indecisively for a moment at their faces. The editor who, +leaning against the mantelshelf, had propped his head on his hand, +suddenly stretched forth an arm amply. + +—Begone! he said. The world is before you. + +—Back in no time, Mr Bloom said, hurrying out. + +J. J. O’Molloy took the tissues from Lenehan’s hand and read them, +blowing them apart gently, without comment. + +—He’ll get that advertisement, the professor said, staring through his +blackrimmed spectacles over the crossblind. Look at the young scamps +after him. + +—Show. Where? Lenehan cried, running to the window. + +A STREET CORTÈGE + + +Both smiled over the crossblind at the file of capering newsboys in Mr +Bloom’s wake, the last zigzagging white on the breeze a mocking kite, a +tail of white bowknots. + +—Look at the young guttersnipe behind him hue and cry, Lenehan said, +and you’ll kick. O, my rib risible! Taking off his flat spaugs and the +walk. Small nines. Steal upon larks. + +He began to mazurka in swift caricature across the floor on sliding +feet past the fireplace to J. J. O’Molloy who placed the tissues in his +receiving hands. + +—What’s that? Myles Crawford said with a start. Where are the other two +gone? + +—Who? the professor said, turning. They’re gone round to the Oval for a +drink. Paddy Hooper is there with Jack Hall. Came over last night. + +—Come on then, Myles Crawford said. Where’s my hat? + +He walked jerkily into the office behind, parting the vent of his +jacket, jingling his keys in his back pocket. They jingled then in the +air and against the wood as he locked his desk drawer. + +—He’s pretty well on, professor MacHugh said in a low voice. + +—Seems to be, J. J. O’Molloy said, taking out a cigarettecase in +murmuring meditation, but it is not always as it seems. Who has the +most matches? + +THE CALUMET OF PEACE + + +He offered a cigarette to the professor and took one himself. Lenehan +promptly struck a match for them and lit their cigarettes in turn. J. +J. O’Molloy opened his case again and offered it. + +—_Thanky vous_, Lenehan said, helping himself. + +The editor came from the inner office, a straw hat awry on his brow. He +declaimed in song, pointing sternly at professor MacHugh: + + ’Twas rank and fame that tempted thee, + ’Twas empire charmed thy heart. + +The professor grinned, locking his long lips. + +—Eh? You bloody old Roman empire? Myles Crawford said. + +He took a cigarette from the open case. Lenehan, lighting it for him +with quick grace, said: + +—Silence for my brandnew riddle! + +—_Imperium romanum_, J. J. O’Molloy said gently. It sounds nobler than +British or Brixton. The word reminds one somehow of fat in the fire. + +Myles Crawford blew his first puff violently towards the ceiling. + +—That’s it, he said. We are the fat. You and I are the fat in the fire. +We haven’t got the chance of a snowball in hell. + +THE GRANDEUR THAT WAS ROME + + +—Wait a moment, professor MacHugh said, raising two quiet claws. We +mustn’t be led away by words, by sounds of words. We think of Rome, +imperial, imperious, imperative. + +He extended elocutionary arms from frayed stained shirtcuffs, pausing: + +—What was their civilisation? Vast, I allow: but vile. Cloacae: sewers. +The Jews in the wilderness and on the mountaintop said: _It is meet to +be here. Let us build an altar to Jehovah_. The Roman, like the +Englishman who follows in his footsteps, brought to every new shore on +which he set his foot (on our shore he never set it) only his cloacal +obsession. He gazed about him in his toga and he said: _It is meet to +be here. Let us construct a watercloset._ + +—Which they accordingly did do, Lenehan said. Our old ancient +ancestors, as we read in the first chapter of Guinness’s, were partial +to the running stream. + +—They were nature’s gentlemen, J. J. O’Molloy murmured. But we have +also Roman law. + +—And Pontius Pilate is its prophet, professor MacHugh responded. + +—Do you know that story about chief baron Palles? J. J. O’Molloy asked. +It was at the royal university dinner. Everything was going swimmingly +... + +—First my riddle, Lenehan said. Are you ready? + +Mr O’Madden Burke, tall in copious grey of Donegal tweed, came in from +the hallway. Stephen Dedalus, behind him, uncovered as he entered. + +—_Entrez, mes enfants!_ Lenehan cried. + +—I escort a suppliant, Mr O’Madden Burke said melodiously. Youth led by +Experience visits Notoriety. + +—How do you do? the editor said, holding out a hand. Come in. Your +governor is just gone. + +??? + + +Lenehan said to all: + +—Silence! What opera resembles a railwayline? Reflect, ponder, +excogitate, reply. + +Stephen handed over the typed sheets, pointing to the title and +signature. + +—Who? the editor asked. + +Bit torn off. + +—Mr Garrett Deasy, Stephen said. + +—That old pelters, the editor said. Who tore it? Was he short taken? + + On swift sail flaming + From storm and south + He comes, pale vampire, + Mouth to my mouth. + +—Good day, Stephen, the professor said, coming to peer over their +shoulders. Foot and mouth? Are you turned...? + +Bullockbefriending bard. + +SHINDY IN WELLKNOWN RESTAURANT + + +—Good day, sir, Stephen answered blushing. The letter is not mine. Mr +Garrett Deasy asked me to... + +—O, I know him, Myles Crawford said, and I knew his wife too. The +bloodiest old tartar God ever made. By Jesus, she had the foot and +mouth disease and no mistake! The night she threw the soup in the +waiter’s face in the Star and Garter. Oho! + +A woman brought sin into the world. For Helen, the runaway wife of +Menelaus, ten years the Greeks. O’Rourke, prince of Breffni. + +—Is he a widower? Stephen asked. + +—Ay, a grass one, Myles Crawford said, his eye running down the +typescript. Emperor’s horses. Habsburg. An Irishman saved his life on +the ramparts of Vienna. Don’t you forget! Maximilian Karl O’Donnell, +graf von Tirconnell in Ireland. Sent his heir over to make the king an +Austrian fieldmarshal now. Going to be trouble there one day. Wild +geese. O yes, every time. Don’t you forget that! + +—The moot point is did he forget it, J. J. O’Molloy said quietly, +turning a horseshoe paperweight. Saving princes is a thank you job. + +Professor MacHugh turned on him. + +—And if not? he said. + +—I’ll tell you how it was, Myles Crawford began. A Hungarian it was one +day... + +LOST CAUSES NOBLE MARQUESS MENTIONED + + +—We were always loyal to lost causes, the professor said. Success for +us is the death of the intellect and of the imagination. We were never +loyal to the successful. We serve them. I teach the blatant Latin +language. I speak the tongue of a race the acme of whose mentality is +the maxim: time is money. Material domination. _Dominus!_ Lord! Where +is the spirituality? Lord Jesus? Lord Salisbury? A sofa in a westend +club. But the Greek! + +KYRIE ELEISON! + + +A smile of light brightened his darkrimmed eyes, lengthened his long +lips. + +—The Greek! he said again. _Kyrios!_ Shining word! The vowels the +Semite and the Saxon know not. _Kyrie!_ The radiance of the intellect. +I ought to profess Greek, the language of the mind. _Kyrie eleison!_ +The closetmaker and the cloacamaker will never be lords of our spirit. +We are liege subjects of the catholic chivalry of Europe that foundered +at Trafalgar and of the empire of the spirit, not an _imperium,_ that +went under with the Athenian fleets at Aegospotami. Yes, yes. They went +under. Pyrrhus, misled by an oracle, made a last attempt to retrieve +the fortunes of Greece. Loyal to a lost cause. + +He strode away from them towards the window. + +—They went forth to battle, Mr O’Madden Burke said greyly, but they +always fell. + +—Boohoo! Lenehan wept with a little noise. Owing to a brick received in +the latter half of the _matinée_. Poor, poor, poor Pyrrhus! + +He whispered then near Stephen’s ear: + +LENEHAN’S LIMERICK + + +—_There’s a ponderous pundit MacHugh +Who wears goggles of ebony hue. +As he mostly sees double +To wear them why trouble? +I can’t see the Joe Miller. Can you?_ + + +In mourning for Sallust, Mulligan says. Whose mother is beastly dead. + +Myles Crawford crammed the sheets into a sidepocket. + +—That’ll be all right, he said. I’ll read the rest after. That’ll be +all right. + +Lenehan extended his hands in protest. + +—But my riddle! he said. What opera is like a railwayline? + +—Opera? Mr O’Madden Burke’s sphinx face reriddled. + +Lenehan announced gladly: + +—_The Rose of Castile_. See the wheeze? Rows of cast steel. Gee! + +He poked Mr O’Madden Burke mildly in the spleen. Mr O’Madden Burke fell +back with grace on his umbrella, feigning a gasp. + +—Help! he sighed. I feel a strong weakness. + +Lenehan, rising to tiptoe, fanned his face rapidly with the rustling +tissues. + +The professor, returning by way of the files, swept his hand across +Stephen’s and Mr O’Madden Burke’s loose ties. + +—Paris, past and present, he said. You look like communards. + +—Like fellows who had blown up the Bastile, J. J. O’Molloy said in +quiet mockery. Or was it you shot the lord lieutenant of Finland +between you? You look as though you had done the deed. General +Bobrikoff. + +OMNIUM GATHERUM + + +—We were only thinking about it, Stephen said. + +—All the talents, Myles Crawford said. Law, the classics... + +—The turf, Lenehan put in. + +—Literature, the press. + +—If Bloom were here, the professor said. The gentle art of +advertisement. + +—And Madam Bloom, Mr O’Madden Burke added. The vocal muse. Dublin’s +prime favourite. + +Lenehan gave a loud cough. + +—Ahem! he said very softly. O, for a fresh of breath air! I caught a +cold in the park. The gate was open. + +“YOU CAN DO IT!” + + +The editor laid a nervous hand on Stephen’s shoulder. + +—I want you to write something for me, he said. Something with a bite +in it. You can do it. I see it in your face. _In the lexicon of +youth_... + +See it in your face. See it in your eye. Lazy idle little schemer. + +—Foot and mouth disease! the editor cried in scornful invective. Great +nationalist meeting in Borris-in-Ossory. All balls! Bulldosing the +public! Give them something with a bite in it. Put us all into it, damn +its soul. Father, Son and Holy Ghost and Jakes M’Carthy. + +—We can all supply mental pabulum, Mr O’Madden Burke said. + +Stephen raised his eyes to the bold unheeding stare. + +—He wants you for the pressgang, J. J. O’Molloy said. + +THE GREAT GALLAHER + + +—You can do it, Myles Crawford repeated, clenching his hand in +emphasis. Wait a minute. We’ll paralyse Europe as Ignatius Gallaher +used to say when he was on the shaughraun, doing billiardmarking in the +Clarence. Gallaher, that was a pressman for you. That was a pen. You +know how he made his mark? I’ll tell you. That was the smartest piece +of journalism ever known. That was in eightyone, sixth of May, time of +the invincibles, murder in the Phoenix park, before you were born, I +suppose. I’ll show you. + +He pushed past them to the files. + +—Look at here, he said turning. The _New York World_ cabled for a +special. Remember that time? + +Professor MacHugh nodded. + +—_New York World_, the editor said, excitedly pushing back his straw +hat. Where it took place. Tim Kelly, or Kavanagh I mean. Joe Brady and +the rest of them. Where Skin-the-Goat drove the car. Whole route, see? + +—Skin-the-Goat, Mr O’Madden Burke said. Fitzharris. He has that +cabman’s shelter, they say, down there at Butt bridge. Holohan told me. +You know Holohan? + +—Hop and carry one, is it? Myles Crawford said. + +—And poor Gumley is down there too, so he told me, minding stones for +the corporation. A night watchman. + +Stephen turned in surprise. + +—Gumley? he said. You don’t say so? A friend of my father’s, is it? + +—Never mind Gumley, Myles Crawford cried angrily. Let Gumley mind the +stones, see they don’t run away. Look at here. What did Ignatius +Gallaher do? I’ll tell you. Inspiration of genius. Cabled right away. +Have you _Weekly Freeman_ of 17 March? Right. Have you got that? + +He flung back pages of the files and stuck his finger on a point. + +—Take page four, advertisement for Bransome’s coffee, let us say. Have +you got that? Right. + +The telephone whirred. + +A DISTANT VOICE + + +—I’ll answer it, the professor said, going. + +—B is parkgate. Good. + +His finger leaped and struck point after point, vibrating. + +—T is viceregal lodge. C is where murder took place. K is Knockmaroon +gate. + +The loose flesh of his neck shook like a cock’s wattles. An illstarched +dicky jutted up and with a rude gesture he thrust it back into his +waistcoat. + +—Hello? _Evening Telegraph_ here... Hello?... Who’s there?... Yes... +Yes... Yes. + +—F to P is the route Skin-the-Goat drove the car for an alibi, +Inchicore, Roundtown, Windy Arbour, Palmerston Park, Ranelagh. F.A.B.P. +Got that? X is Davy’s publichouse in upper Leeson street. + +The professor came to the inner door. + +—Bloom is at the telephone, he said. + +—Tell him go to hell, the editor said promptly. X is Davy’s +publichouse, see? + +CLEVER, VERY + + +—Clever, Lenehan said. Very. + +—Gave it to them on a hot plate, Myles Crawford said, the whole bloody +history. + +Nightmare from which you will never awake. + +—I saw it, the editor said proudly. I was present. Dick Adams, the +besthearted bloody Corkman the Lord ever put the breath of life in, and +myself. + +Lenehan bowed to a shape of air, announcing: + +—Madam, I’m Adam. And Able was I ere I saw Elba. + +—History! Myles Crawford cried. The Old Woman of Prince’s street was +there first. There was weeping and gnashing of teeth over that. Out of +an advertisement. Gregor Grey made the design for it. That gave him the +leg up. Then Paddy Hooper worked Tay Pay who took him on to the _Star._ +Now he’s got in with Blumenfeld. That’s press. That’s talent. Pyatt! He +was all their daddies! + +—The father of scare journalism, Lenehan confirmed, and the +brother-in-law of Chris Callinan. + +—Hello?... Are you there?... Yes, he’s here still. Come across +yourself. + +—Where do you find a pressman like that now, eh? the editor cried. + +He flung the pages down. + +—Clamn dever, Lenehan said to Mr O’Madden Burke. + +—Very smart, Mr O’Madden Burke said. + +Professor MacHugh came from the inner office. + +—Talking about the invincibles, he said, did you see that some hawkers +were up before the recorder... + +—O yes, J. J. O’Molloy said eagerly. Lady Dudley was walking home +through the park to see all the trees that were blown down by that +cyclone last year and thought she’d buy a view of Dublin. And it turned +out to be a commemoration postcard of Joe Brady or Number One or +Skin-the-Goat. Right outside the viceregal lodge, imagine! + +—They’re only in the hook and eye department, Myles Crawford said. +Psha! Press and the bar! Where have you a man now at the bar like those +fellows, like Whiteside, like Isaac Butt, like silvertongued O’Hagan. +Eh? Ah, bloody nonsense. Psha! Only in the halfpenny place. + +His mouth continued to twitch unspeaking in nervous curls of disdain. + +Would anyone wish that mouth for her kiss? How do you know? Why did you +write it then? + +RHYMES AND REASONS + + +Mouth, south. Is the mouth south someway? Or the south a mouth? Must be +some. South, pout, out, shout, drouth. Rhymes: two men dressed the +same, looking the same, two by two. + + ........................ la tua pace + .................. che parlar ti piace + Mentre che il vento, come fa, si tace. + +He saw them three by three, approaching girls, in green, in rose, in +russet, entwining, _per l’aer perso_, in mauve, in purple, _quella +pacifica oriafiamma_, gold of oriflamme, _di rimirar fè più ardenti._ +But I old men, penitent, leadenfooted, underdarkneath the night: mouth +south: tomb womb. + +—Speak up for yourself, Mr O’Madden Burke said. + +SUFFICIENT FOR THE DAY... + + +J. J. O’Molloy, smiling palely, took up the gage. + +—My dear Myles, he said, flinging his cigarette aside, you put a false +construction on my words. I hold no brief, as at present advised, for +the third profession _qua_ profession but your Cork legs are running +away with you. Why not bring in Henry Grattan and Flood and Demosthenes +and Edmund Burke? Ignatius Gallaher we all know and his Chapelizod +boss, Harmsworth of the farthing press, and his American cousin of the +Bowery guttersheet not to mention _Paddy Kelly’s Budget_, _Pue’s +Occurrences_ and our watchful friend _The Skibbereen Eagle_. Why bring +in a master of forensic eloquence like Whiteside? Sufficient for the +day is the newspaper thereof. + +LINKS WITH BYGONE DAYS OF YORE + + +—Grattan and Flood wrote for this very paper, the editor cried in his +face. Irish volunteers. Where are you now? Established 1763. Dr Lucas. +Who have you now like John Philpot Curran? Psha! + +—Well, J. J. O’Molloy said, Bushe K.C., for example. + +—Bushe? the editor said. Well, yes: Bushe, yes. He has a strain of it +in his blood. Kendal Bushe or I mean Seymour Bushe. + +—He would have been on the bench long ago, the professor said, only for +.... But no matter. + +J. J. O’Molloy turned to Stephen and said quietly and slowly: + +—One of the most polished periods I think I ever listened to in my life +fell from the lips of Seymour Bushe. It was in that case of fratricide, +the Childs murder case. Bushe defended him. + + _And in the porches of mine ear did pour._ + +By the way how did he find that out? He died in his sleep. Or the other +story, beast with two backs? + +—What was that? the professor asked. + +ITALIA, MAGISTRA ARTIUM + + +—He spoke on the law of evidence, J. J. O’Molloy said, of Roman justice +as contrasted with the earlier Mosaic code, the _lex talionis_. And he +cited the Moses of Michelangelo in the vatican. + +—Ha. + +—A few wellchosen words, Lenehan prefaced. Silence! + +Pause. J. J. O’Molloy took out his cigarettecase. + +False lull. Something quite ordinary. + +Messenger took out his matchbox thoughtfully and lit his cigar. + +I have often thought since on looking back over that strange time that +it was that small act, trivial in itself, that striking of that match, +that determined the whole aftercourse of both our lives. + +A POLISHED PERIOD + + +J. J. O’Molloy resumed, moulding his words: + +—He said of it: _that stony effigy in frozen music, horned and +terrible, of the human form divine, that eternal symbol of wisdom and +of prophecy which, if aught that the imagination or the hand of +sculptor has wrought in marble of soultransfigured and of +soultransfiguring deserves to live, deserves to live._ + +His slim hand with a wave graced echo and fall. + +—Fine! Myles Crawford said at once. + +—The divine afflatus, Mr O’Madden Burke said. + +—You like it? J. J. O’Molloy asked Stephen. + +Stephen, his blood wooed by grace of language and gesture, blushed. He +took a cigarette from the case. J. J. O’Molloy offered his case to +Myles Crawford. Lenehan lit their cigarettes as before and took his +trophy, saying: + +—Muchibus thankibus. + +A MAN OF HIGH MORALE + + +—Professor Magennis was speaking to me about you, J. J. O’Molloy said +to Stephen. What do you think really of that hermetic crowd, the opal +hush poets: A. E. the mastermystic? That Blavatsky woman started it. +She was a nice old bag of tricks. A. E. has been telling some yankee +interviewer that you came to him in the small hours of the morning to +ask him about planes of consciousness. Magennis thinks you must have +been pulling A. E.’s leg. He is a man of the very highest morale, +Magennis. + +Speaking about me. What did he say? What did he say? What did he say +about me? Don’t ask. + +—No, thanks, professor MacHugh said, waving the cigarettecase aside. +Wait a moment. Let me say one thing. The finest display of oratory I +ever heard was a speech made by John F Taylor at the college historical +society. Mr Justice Fitzgibbon, the present lord justice of appeal, had +spoken and the paper under debate was an essay (new for those days), +advocating the revival of the Irish tongue. + +He turned towards Myles Crawford and said: + +—You know Gerald Fitzgibbon. Then you can imagine the style of his +discourse. + +—He is sitting with Tim Healy, J. J. O’Molloy said, rumour has it, on +the Trinity college estates commission. + +—He is sitting with a sweet thing, Myles Crawford said, in a child’s +frock. Go on. Well? + +—It was the speech, mark you, the professor said, of a finished orator, +full of courteous haughtiness and pouring in chastened diction I will +not say the vials of his wrath but pouring the proud man’s contumely +upon the new movement. It was then a new movement. We were weak, +therefore worthless. + +He closed his long thin lips an instant but, eager to be on, raised an +outspanned hand to his spectacles and, with trembling thumb and +ringfinger touching lightly the black rims, steadied them to a new +focus. + +IMPROMPTU + + +In ferial tone he addressed J. J. O’Molloy: + +—Taylor had come there, you must know, from a sickbed. That he had +prepared his speech I do not believe for there was not even one +shorthandwriter in the hall. His dark lean face had a growth of shaggy +beard round it. He wore a loose white silk neckcloth and altogether he +looked (though he was not) a dying man. + +His gaze turned at once but slowly from J. J. O’Molloy’s towards +Stephen’s face and then bent at once to the ground, seeking. His +unglazed linen collar appeared behind his bent head, soiled by his +withering hair. Still seeking, he said: + +—When Fitzgibbon’s speech had ended John F Taylor rose to reply. +Briefly, as well as I can bring them to mind, his words were these. + +He raised his head firmly. His eyes bethought themselves once more. +Witless shellfish swam in the gross lenses to and fro, seeking outlet. + +He began: + +_—Mr Chairman, ladies and gentlemen: Great was my admiration in +listening to the remarks addressed to the youth of Ireland a moment +since by my learned friend. It seemed to me that I had been transported +into a country far away from this country, into an age remote from this +age, that I stood in ancient Egypt and that I was listening to the +speech of some highpriest of that land addressed to the youthful +Moses._ + +His listeners held their cigarettes poised to hear, their smokes +ascending in frail stalks that flowered with his speech. _And let our +crooked smokes._ Noble words coming. Look out. Could you try your hand +at it yourself? + +_—And it seemed to me that I heard the voice of that Egyptian +highpriest raised in a tone of like haughtiness and like pride. I heard +his words and their meaning was revealed to me._ + +FROM THE FATHERS + + +It was revealed to me that those things are good which yet are +corrupted which neither if they were supremely good nor unless they +were good could be corrupted. Ah, curse you! That’s saint Augustine. + +_—Why will you jews not accept our culture, our religion and our +language? You are a tribe of nomad herdsmen: we are a mighty people. +You have no cities nor no wealth: our cities are hives of humanity and +our galleys, trireme and quadrireme, laden with all manner merchandise +furrow the waters of the known globe. You have but emerged from +primitive conditions: we have a literature, a priesthood, an agelong +history and a polity._ + +Nile. + +Child, man, effigy. + +By the Nilebank the babemaries kneel, cradle of bulrushes: a man supple +in combat: stonehorned, stonebearded, heart of stone. + +_—You pray to a local and obscure idol: our temples, majestic and +mysterious, are the abodes of Isis and Osiris, of Horus and Ammon Ra. +Yours serfdom, awe and humbleness: ours thunder and the seas. Israel is +weak and few are her children: Egypt is an host and terrible are her +arms. Vagrants and daylabourers are you called: the world trembles at +our name._ + +A dumb belch of hunger cleft his speech. He lifted his voice above it +boldly: + +_—But, ladies and gentlemen, had the youthful Moses listened to and +accepted that view of life, had he bowed his head and bowed his will +and bowed his spirit before that arrogant admonition he would never +have brought the chosen people out of their house of bondage, nor +followed the pillar of the cloud by day. He would never have spoken +with the Eternal amid lightnings on Sinai’s mountaintop nor ever have +come down with the light of inspiration shining in his countenance and +bearing in his arms the tables of the law, graven in the language of +the outlaw._ + +He ceased and looked at them, enjoying a silence. + +OMINOUS—FOR HIM! + + +J. J. O’Molloy said not without regret: + +—And yet he died without having entered the land of promise. + +—A—sudden—at—the—moment—though—from—lingering—illness—often—previously— +expectorated—demise, Lenehan added. And with a great future behind him. + +The troop of bare feet was heard rushing along the hallway and +pattering up the staircase. + +—That is oratory, the professor said uncontradicted. + +Gone with the wind. Hosts at Mullaghmast and Tara of the kings. Miles +of ears of porches. The tribune’s words, howled and scattered to the +four winds. A people sheltered within his voice. Dead noise. Akasic +records of all that ever anywhere wherever was. Love and laud him: me +no more. + +I have money. + +—Gentlemen, Stephen said. As the next motion on the agenda paper may I +suggest that the house do now adjourn? + +—You take my breath away. It is not perchance a French compliment? Mr +O’Madden Burke asked. ’Tis the hour, methinks, when the winejug, +metaphorically speaking, is most grateful in Ye ancient hostelry. + +—That it be and hereby is resolutely resolved. All that are in favour +say ay, Lenehan announced. The contrary no. I declare it carried. To +which particular boosing shed...? My casting vote is: Mooney’s! + +He led the way, admonishing: + +—We will sternly refuse to partake of strong waters, will we not? Yes, +we will not. By no manner of means. + +Mr O’Madden Burke, following close, said with an ally’s lunge of his +umbrella: + +—Lay on, Macduff! + +—Chip of the old block! the editor cried, clapping Stephen on the +shoulder. Let us go. Where are those blasted keys? + +He fumbled in his pocket pulling out the crushed typesheets. + +—Foot and mouth. I know. That’ll be all right. That’ll go in. Where are +they? That’s all right. + +He thrust the sheets back and went into the inner office. + +LET US HOPE + + +J. J. O’Molloy, about to follow him in, said quietly to Stephen: + +—I hope you will live to see it published. Myles, one moment. + +He went into the inner office, closing the door behind him. + +—Come along, Stephen, the professor said. That is fine, isn’t it? It +has the prophetic vision. _Fuit Ilium!_ The sack of windy Troy. +Kingdoms of this world. The masters of the Mediterranean are fellaheen +today. + +The first newsboy came pattering down the stairs at their heels and +rushed out into the street, yelling: + +—Racing special! + +Dublin. I have much, much to learn. + +They turned to the left along Abbey street. + +—I have a vision too, Stephen said. + +—Yes? the professor said, skipping to get into step. Crawford will +follow. + +Another newsboy shot past them, yelling as he ran: + +—Racing special! + +DEAR DIRTY DUBLIN + + +Dubliners. + +—Two Dublin vestals, Stephen said, elderly and pious, have lived fifty +and fiftythree years in Fumbally’s lane. + +—Where is that? the professor asked. + +—Off Blackpitts, Stephen said. + +Damp night reeking of hungry dough. Against the wall. Face glistering +tallow under her fustian shawl. Frantic hearts. Akasic records. +Quicker, darlint! + +On now. Dare it. Let there be life. + +—They want to see the views of Dublin from the top of Nelson’s pillar. +They save up three and tenpence in a red tin letterbox moneybox. They +shake out the threepenny bits and sixpences and coax out the pennies +with the blade of a knife. Two and three in silver and one and seven in +coppers. They put on their bonnets and best clothes and take their +umbrellas for fear it may come on to rain. + +—Wise virgins, professor MacHugh said. + +LIFE ON THE RAW + + +—They buy one and fourpenceworth of brawn and four slices of panloaf at +the north city diningrooms in Marlborough street from Miss Kate +Collins, proprietress... They purchase four and twenty ripe plums from +a girl at the foot of Nelson’s pillar to take off the thirst of the +brawn. They give two threepenny bits to the gentleman at the turnstile +and begin to waddle slowly up the winding staircase, grunting, +encouraging each other, afraid of the dark, panting, one asking the +other have you the brawn, praising God and the Blessed Virgin, +threatening to come down, peeping at the airslits. Glory be to God. +They had no idea it was that high. + +Their names are Anne Kearns and Florence MacCabe. Anne Kearns has the +lumbago for which she rubs on Lourdes water, given her by a lady who +got a bottleful from a passionist father. Florence MacCabe takes a +crubeen and a bottle of double X for supper every Saturday. + +—Antithesis, the professor said nodding twice. Vestal virgins. I can +see them. What’s keeping our friend? + +He turned. + +A bevy of scampering newsboys rushed down the steps, scattering in all +directions, yelling, their white papers fluttering. Hard after them +Myles Crawford appeared on the steps, his hat aureoling his scarlet +face, talking with J. J. O’Molloy. + +—Come along, the professor cried, waving his arm. + +He set off again to walk by Stephen’s side. + +RETURN OF BLOOM + + +—Yes, he said. I see them. + +Mr Bloom, breathless, caught in a whirl of wild newsboys near the +offices of the _Irish Catholic_ and _Dublin Penny Journal_, called: + +—Mr Crawford! A moment! + +—_Telegraph_! Racing special! + +—What is it? Myles Crawford said, falling back a pace. + +A newsboy cried in Mr Bloom’s face: + +—Terrible tragedy in Rathmines! A child bit by a bellows! + +INTERVIEW WITH THE EDITOR + + +—Just this ad, Mr Bloom said, pushing through towards the steps, +puffing, and taking the cutting from his pocket. I spoke with Mr Keyes +just now. He’ll give a renewal for two months, he says. After he’ll +see. But he wants a par to call attention in the _Telegraph_ too, the +Saturday pink. And he wants it copied if it’s not too late I told +councillor Nannetti from the _Kilkenny People_. I can have access to it +in the national library. House of keys, don’t you see? His name is +Keyes. It’s a play on the name. But he practically promised he’d give +the renewal. But he wants just a little puff. What will I tell him, Mr +Crawford? + +K.M.A. + + +—Will you tell him he can kiss my arse? Myles Crawford said throwing +out his arm for emphasis. Tell him that straight from the stable. + +A bit nervy. Look out for squalls. All off for a drink. Arm in arm. +Lenehan’s yachting cap on the cadge beyond. Usual blarney. Wonder is +that young Dedalus the moving spirit. Has a good pair of boots on him +today. Last time I saw him he had his heels on view. Been walking in +muck somewhere. Careless chap. What was he doing in Irishtown? + +—Well, Mr Bloom said, his eyes returning, if I can get the design I +suppose it’s worth a short par. He’d give the ad, I think. I’ll tell +him... + +K.M.R.I.A. + + +—He can kiss my royal Irish arse, Myles Crawford cried loudly over his +shoulder. Any time he likes, tell him. + +While Mr Bloom stood weighing the point and about to smile he strode on +jerkily. + +RAISING THE WIND + + +—_Nulla bona_, Jack, he said, raising his hand to his chin. I’m up to +here. I’ve been through the hoop myself. I was looking for a fellow to +back a bill for me no later than last week. Sorry, Jack. You must take +the will for the deed. With a heart and a half if I could raise the +wind anyhow. + +J. J. O’Molloy pulled a long face and walked on silently. They caught +up on the others and walked abreast. + +—When they have eaten the brawn and the bread and wiped their twenty +fingers in the paper the bread was wrapped in they go nearer to the +railings. + +—Something for you, the professor explained to Myles Crawford. Two old +Dublin women on the top of Nelson’s pillar. + +SOME COLUMN!—THAT’S WHAT WADDLER ONE SAID + + +—That’s new, Myles Crawford said. That’s copy. Out for the waxies’ +Dargle. Two old trickies, what? + +—But they are afraid the pillar will fall, Stephen went on. They see +the roofs and argue about where the different churches are: Rathmines’ +blue dome, Adam and Eve’s, saint Laurence O’Toole’s. But it makes them +giddy to look so they pull up their skirts... + +THOSE SLIGHTLY RAMBUNCTIOUS FEMALES + + +—Easy all, Myles Crawford said. No poetic licence. We’re in the +archdiocese here. + +—And settle down on their striped petticoats, peering up at the statue +of the onehandled adulterer. + +—Onehandled adulterer! the professor cried. I like that. I see the +idea. I see what you mean. + +DAMES DONATE DUBLIN’S CITS SPEEDPILLS VELOCITOUS AEROLITHS, BELIEF + + +—It gives them a crick in their necks, Stephen said, and they are too +tired to look up or down or to speak. They put the bag of plums between +them and eat the plums out of it, one after another, wiping off with +their handkerchiefs the plumjuice that dribbles out of their mouths and +spitting the plumstones slowly out between the railings. + +He gave a sudden loud young laugh as a close. Lenehan and Mr O’Madden +Burke, hearing, turned, beckoned and led on across towards Mooney’s. + +—Finished? Myles Crawford said. So long as they do no worse. + +SOPHIST WALLOPS HAUGHTY HELEN SQUARE ON PROBOSCIS. SPARTANS GNASH +MOLARS. ITHACANS VOW PEN IS CHAMP. + + +—You remind me of Antisthenes, the professor said, a disciple of +Gorgias, the sophist. It is said of him that none could tell if he were +bitterer against others or against himself. He was the son of a noble +and a bondwoman. And he wrote a book in which he took away the palm of +beauty from Argive Helen and handed it to poor Penelope. + +Poor Penelope. Penelope Rich. + +They made ready to cross O’Connell street. + +HELLO THERE, CENTRAL! + + +At various points along the eight lines tramcars with motionless +trolleys stood in their tracks, bound for or from Rathmines, +Rathfarnham, Blackrock, Kingstown and Dalkey, Sandymount Green, +Ringsend and Sandymount Tower, Donnybrook, Palmerston Park and Upper +Rathmines, all still, becalmed in short circuit. Hackney cars, cabs, +delivery waggons, mailvans, private broughams, aerated mineral water +floats with rattling crates of bottles, rattled, rolled, horsedrawn, +rapidly. + +WHAT?—AND LIKEWISE—WHERE? + + +—But what do you call it? Myles Crawford asked. Where did they get the +plums? + +VIRGILIAN, SAYS PEDAGOGUE. SOPHOMORE PLUMPS FOR OLD MAN MOSES. + + +—Call it, wait, the professor said, opening his long lips wide to +reflect. Call it, let me see. Call it: _deus nobis hæc otia fecit._ + +—No, Stephen said. I call it _A Pisgah Sight of Palestine_ or _The +Parable of The Plums._ + +—I see, the professor said. + +He laughed richly. + +—I see, he said again with new pleasure. Moses and the promised land. +We gave him that idea, he added to J. J. O’Molloy. + +HORATIO IS CYNOSURE THIS FAIR JUNE DAY + + +J. J. O’Molloy sent a weary sidelong glance towards the statue and held +his peace. + +—I see, the professor said. + +He halted on sir John Gray’s pavement island and peered aloft at Nelson +through the meshes of his wry smile. + +DIMINISHED DIGITS PROVE TOO TITILLATING FOR FRISKY FRUMPS. ANNE +WIMBLES, FLO WANGLES—YET CAN YOU BLAME THEM? + + +—Onehandled adulterer, he said smiling grimly. That tickles me, I must +say. + +—Tickled the old ones too, Myles Crawford said, if the God Almighty’s +truth was known. + + + + +[ 8 ] + + +Pineapple rock, lemon platt, butter scotch. A sugarsticky girl +shovelling scoopfuls of creams for a christian brother. Some school +treat. Bad for their tummies. Lozenge and comfit manufacturer to His +Majesty the King. God. Save. Our. Sitting on his throne sucking red +jujubes white. + +A sombre Y. M. C. A. young man, watchful among the warm sweet fumes of +Graham Lemon’s, placed a throwaway in a hand of Mr Bloom. + +Heart to heart talks. + +Bloo... Me? No. + +Blood of the Lamb. + +His slow feet walked him riverward, reading. Are you saved? All are +washed in the blood of the lamb. God wants blood victim. Birth, hymen, +martyr, war, foundation of a building, sacrifice, kidney burntoffering, +druids’ altars. Elijah is coming. Dr John Alexander Dowie restorer of +the church in Zion is coming. + + Is coming! Is coming!! Is coming!!! + All heartily welcome. + +Paying game. Torry and Alexander last year. Polygamy. His wife will put +the stopper on that. Where was that ad some Birmingham firm the +luminous crucifix. Our Saviour. Wake up in the dead of night and see +him on the wall, hanging. Pepper’s ghost idea. Iron Nails Ran In. + +Phosphorus it must be done with. If you leave a bit of codfish for +instance. I could see the bluey silver over it. Night I went down to +the pantry in the kitchen. Don’t like all the smells in it waiting to +rush out. What was it she wanted? The Malaga raisins. Thinking of +Spain. Before Rudy was born. The phosphorescence, that bluey greeny. +Very good for the brain. + +From Butler’s monument house corner he glanced along Bachelor’s walk. +Dedalus’ daughter there still outside Dillon’s auctionrooms. Must be +selling off some old furniture. Knew her eyes at once from the father. +Lobbing about waiting for him. Home always breaks up when the mother +goes. Fifteen children he had. Birth every year almost. That’s in their +theology or the priest won’t give the poor woman the confession, the +absolution. Increase and multiply. Did you ever hear such an idea? Eat +you out of house and home. No families themselves to feed. Living on +the fat of the land. Their butteries and larders. I’d like to see them +do the black fast Yom Kippur. Crossbuns. One meal and a collation for +fear he’d collapse on the altar. A housekeeper of one of those fellows +if you could pick it out of her. Never pick it out of her. Like getting +£. s. d. out of him. Does himself well. No guests. All for number one. +Watching his water. Bring your own bread and butter. His reverence: +mum’s the word. + +Good Lord, that poor child’s dress is in flitters. Underfed she looks +too. Potatoes and marge, marge and potatoes. It’s after they feel it. +Proof of the pudding. Undermines the constitution. + +As he set foot on O’Connell bridge a puffball of smoke plumed up from +the parapet. Brewery barge with export stout. England. Sea air sours +it, I heard. Be interesting some day get a pass through Hancock to see +the brewery. Regular world in itself. Vats of porter wonderful. Rats +get in too. Drink themselves bloated as big as a collie floating. Dead +drunk on the porter. Drink till they puke again like christians. +Imagine drinking that! Rats: vats. Well, of course, if we knew all the +things. + +Looking down he saw flapping strongly, wheeling between the gaunt +quaywalls, gulls. Rough weather outside. If I threw myself down? Reuben +J’s son must have swallowed a good bellyful of that sewage. One and +eightpence too much. Hhhhm. It’s the droll way he comes out with the +things. Knows how to tell a story too. + +They wheeled lower. Looking for grub. Wait. + +He threw down among them a crumpled paper ball. Elijah thirtytwo feet +per sec is com. Not a bit. The ball bobbed unheeded on the wake of +swells, floated under by the bridgepiers. Not such damn fools. Also the +day I threw that stale cake out of the Erin’s King picked it up in the +wake fifty yards astern. Live by their wits. They wheeled, flapping. + + The hungry famished gull + Flaps o’er the waters dull. + +That is how poets write, the similar sounds. But then Shakespeare has +no rhymes: blank verse. The flow of the language it is. The thoughts. +Solemn. + + Hamlet, I am thy father’s spirit + Doomed for a certain time to walk the earth. + + —Two apples a penny! Two for a penny! + +His gaze passed over the glazed apples serried on her stand. +Australians they must be this time of year. Shiny peels: polishes them +up with a rag or a handkerchief. + +Wait. Those poor birds. + +He halted again and bought from the old applewoman two Banbury cakes +for a penny and broke the brittle paste and threw its fragments down +into the Liffey. See that? The gulls swooped silently, two, then all +from their heights, pouncing on prey. Gone. Every morsel. + +Aware of their greed and cunning he shook the powdery crumb from his +hands. They never expected that. Manna. Live on fish, fishy flesh they +have, all seabirds, gulls, seagoose. Swans from Anna Liffey swim down +here sometimes to preen themselves. No accounting for tastes. Wonder +what kind is swanmeat. Robinson Crusoe had to live on them. + +They wheeled flapping weakly. I’m not going to throw any more. Penny +quite enough. Lot of thanks I get. Not even a caw. They spread foot and +mouth disease too. If you cram a turkey say on chestnutmeal it tastes +like that. Eat pig like pig. But then why is it that saltwater fish are +not salty? How is that? + +His eyes sought answer from the river and saw a rowboat rock at anchor +on the treacly swells lazily its plastered board. + + Kino’s + 11/— + Trousers + +Good idea that. Wonder if he pays rent to the corporation. How can you +own water really? It’s always flowing in a stream, never the same, +which in the stream of life we trace. Because life is a stream. All +kinds of places are good for ads. That quack doctor for the clap used +to be stuck up in all the greenhouses. Never see it now. Strictly +confidential. Dr Hy Franks. Didn’t cost him a red like Maginni the +dancing master self advertisement. Got fellows to stick them up or +stick them up himself for that matter on the q. t. running in to loosen +a button. Flybynight. Just the place too. POST NO BILLS. POST 110 +PILLS. Some chap with a dose burning him. + +If he...? + +O! + +Eh? + +No... No. + +No, no. I don’t believe it. He wouldn’t surely? + +No, no. + +Mr Bloom moved forward, raising his troubled eyes. Think no more about +that. After one. Timeball on the ballastoffice is down. Dunsink time. +Fascinating little book that is of sir Robert Ball’s. Parallax. I never +exactly understood. There’s a priest. Could ask him. Par it’s Greek: +parallel, parallax. Met him pike hoses she called it till I told her +about the transmigration. O rocks! + +Mr Bloom smiled O rocks at two windows of the ballastoffice. She’s +right after all. Only big words for ordinary things on account of the +sound. She’s not exactly witty. Can be rude too. Blurt out what I was +thinking. Still, I don’t know. She used to say Ben Dollard had a base +barreltone voice. He has legs like barrels and you’d think he was +singing into a barrel. Now, isn’t that wit. They used to call him big +Ben. Not half as witty as calling him base barreltone. Appetite like an +albatross. Get outside of a baron of beef. Powerful man he was at +stowing away number one Bass. Barrel of Bass. See? It all works out. + +A procession of whitesmocked sandwichmen marched slowly towards him +along the gutter, scarlet sashes across their boards. Bargains. Like +that priest they are this morning: we have sinned: we have suffered. He +read the scarlet letters on their five tall white hats: H. E. L. Y. S. +Wisdom Hely’s. Y lagging behind drew a chunk of bread from under his +foreboard, crammed it into his mouth and munched as he walked. Our +staple food. Three bob a day, walking along the gutters, street after +street. Just keep skin and bone together, bread and skilly. They are +not Boyl: no, M’Glade’s men. Doesn’t bring in any business either. I +suggested to him about a transparent showcart with two smart girls +sitting inside writing letters, copybooks, envelopes, blottingpaper. I +bet that would have caught on. Smart girls writing something catch the +eye at once. Everyone dying to know what she’s writing. Get twenty of +them round you if you stare at nothing. Have a finger in the pie. Women +too. Curiosity. Pillar of salt. Wouldn’t have it of course because he +didn’t think of it himself first. Or the inkbottle I suggested with a +false stain of black celluloid. His ideas for ads like Plumtree’s +potted under the obituaries, cold meat department. You can’t lick ’em. +What? Our envelopes. Hello, Jones, where are you going? Can’t stop, +Robinson, I am hastening to purchase the only reliable inkeraser +_Kansell,_ sold by Hely’s Ltd, 85 Dame street. Well out of that ruck I +am. Devil of a job it was collecting accounts of those convents. +Tranquilla convent. That was a nice nun there, really sweet face. +Wimple suited her small head. Sister? Sister? I am sure she was crossed +in love by her eyes. Very hard to bargain with that sort of a woman. I +disturbed her at her devotions that morning. But glad to communicate +with the outside world. Our great day, she said. Feast of Our Lady of +Mount Carmel. Sweet name too: caramel. She knew I, I think she knew by +the way she. If she had married she would have changed. I suppose they +really were short of money. Fried everything in the best butter all the +same. No lard for them. My heart’s broke eating dripping. They like +buttering themselves in and out. Molly tasting it, her veil up. Sister? +Pat Claffey, the pawnbroker’s daughter. It was a nun they say invented +barbed wire. + +He crossed Westmoreland street when apostrophe S had plodded by. Rover +cycleshop. Those races are on today. How long ago is that? Year Phil +Gilligan died. We were in Lombard street west. Wait: was in Thom’s. Got +the job in Wisdom Hely’s year we married. Six years. Ten years ago: +ninetyfour he died yes that’s right the big fire at Arnott’s. Val +Dillon was lord mayor. The Glencree dinner. Alderman Robert O’Reilly +emptying the port into his soup before the flag fell. Bobbob lapping it +for the inner alderman. Couldn’t hear what the band played. For what we +have already received may the Lord make us. Milly was a kiddy then. +Molly had that elephantgrey dress with the braided frogs. Mantailored +with selfcovered buttons. She didn’t like it because I sprained my +ankle first day she wore choir picnic at the Sugarloaf. As if that. Old +Goodwin’s tall hat done up with some sticky stuff. Flies’ picnic too. +Never put a dress on her back like it. Fitted her like a glove, +shoulders and hips. Just beginning to plump it out well. Rabbitpie we +had that day. People looking after her. + +Happy. Happier then. Snug little room that was with the red wallpaper. +Dockrell’s, one and ninepence a dozen. Milly’s tubbing night. American +soap I bought: elderflower. Cosy smell of her bathwater. Funny she +looked soaped all over. Shapely too. Now photography. Poor papa’s +daguerreotype atelier he told me of. Hereditary taste. + +He walked along the curbstone. + +Stream of life. What was the name of that priestylooking chap was +always squinting in when he passed? Weak eyes, woman. Stopped in +Citron’s saint Kevin’s parade. Pen something. Pendennis? My memory is +getting. Pen ...? Of course it’s years ago. Noise of the trams +probably. Well, if he couldn’t remember the dayfather’s name that he +sees every day. + +Bartell d’Arcy was the tenor, just coming out then. Seeing her home +after practice. Conceited fellow with his waxedup moustache. Gave her +that song _Winds that blow from the south_. + +Windy night that was I went to fetch her there was that lodge meeting +on about those lottery tickets after Goodwin’s concert in the +supperroom or oakroom of the Mansion house. He and I behind. Sheet of +her music blew out of my hand against the High school railings. Lucky +it didn’t. Thing like that spoils the effect of a night for her. +Professor Goodwin linking her in front. Shaky on his pins, poor old +sot. His farewell concerts. Positively last appearance on any stage. +May be for months and may be for never. Remember her laughing at the +wind, her blizzard collar up. Corner of Harcourt road remember that +gust. Brrfoo! Blew up all her skirts and her boa nearly smothered old +Goodwin. She did get flushed in the wind. Remember when we got home +raking up the fire and frying up those pieces of lap of mutton for her +supper with the Chutney sauce she liked. And the mulled rum. Could see +her in the bedroom from the hearth unclamping the busk of her stays: +white. + +Swish and soft flop her stays made on the bed. Always warm from her. +Always liked to let her self out. Sitting there after till near two +taking out her hairpins. Milly tucked up in beddyhouse. Happy. Happy. +That was the night... + +—O, Mr Bloom, how do you do? + +—O, how do you do, Mrs Breen? + +—No use complaining. How is Molly those times? Haven’t seen her for +ages. + +—In the pink, Mr Bloom said gaily. Milly has a position down in +Mullingar, you know. + +—Go away! Isn’t that grand for her? + +—Yes. In a photographer’s there. Getting on like a house on fire. How +are all your charges? + +—All on the baker’s list, Mrs Breen said. + +How many has she? No other in sight. + +—You’re in black, I see. You have no... + +—No, Mr Bloom said. I have just come from a funeral. + +Going to crop up all day, I foresee. Who’s dead, when and what did he +die of? Turn up like a bad penny. + +—O, dear me, Mrs Breen said. I hope it wasn’t any near relation. + +May as well get her sympathy. + +—Dignam, Mr Bloom said. An old friend of mine. He died quite suddenly, +poor fellow. Heart trouble, I believe. Funeral was this morning. + + Your funeral’s tomorrow + While you’re coming through the rye. + Diddlediddle dumdum + Diddlediddle... + +—Sad to lose the old friends, Mrs Breen’s womaneyes said melancholily. + +Now that’s quite enough about that. Just: quietly: husband. + +—And your lord and master? + +Mrs Breen turned up her two large eyes. Hasn’t lost them anyhow. + +—O, don’t be talking! she said. He’s a caution to rattlesnakes. He’s in +there now with his lawbooks finding out the law of libel. He has me +heartscalded. Wait till I show you. + +Hot mockturtle vapour and steam of newbaked jampuffs rolypoly poured +out from Harrison’s. The heavy noonreek tickled the top of Mr Bloom’s +gullet. Want to make good pastry, butter, best flour, Demerara sugar, +or they’d taste it with the hot tea. Or is it from her? A barefoot arab +stood over the grating, breathing in the fumes. Deaden the gnaw of +hunger that way. Pleasure or pain is it? Penny dinner. Knife and fork +chained to the table. + +Opening her handbag, chipped leather. Hatpin: ought to have a guard on +those things. Stick it in a chap’s eye in the tram. Rummaging. Open. +Money. Please take one. Devils if they lose sixpence. Raise Cain. +Husband barging. Where’s the ten shillings I gave you on Monday? Are +you feeding your little brother’s family? Soiled handkerchief: +medicinebottle. Pastille that was fell. What is she?... + +—There must be a new moon out, she said. He’s always bad then. Do you +know what he did last night? + +Her hand ceased to rummage. Her eyes fixed themselves on him, wide in +alarm, yet smiling. + +—What? Mr Bloom asked. + +Let her speak. Look straight in her eyes. I believe you. Trust me. + +—Woke me up in the night, she said. Dream he had, a nightmare. + +Indiges. + +—Said the ace of spades was walking up the stairs. + +—The ace of spades! Mr Bloom said. + +She took a folded postcard from her handbag. + +—Read that, she said. He got it this morning. + +—What is it? Mr Bloom asked, taking the card. U. P.? + +—U. p: up, she said. Someone taking a rise out of him. It’s a great +shame for them whoever he is. + +—Indeed it is, Mr Bloom said. + +She took back the card, sighing. + +—And now he’s going round to Mr Menton’s office. He’s going to take an +action for ten thousand pounds, he says. + +She folded the card into her untidy bag and snapped the catch. + +Same blue serge dress she had two years ago, the nap bleaching. Seen +its best days. Wispish hair over her ears. And that dowdy toque: three +old grapes to take the harm out of it. Shabby genteel. She used to be a +tasty dresser. Lines round her mouth. Only a year or so older than +Molly. + +See the eye that woman gave her, passing. Cruel. The unfair sex. + +He looked still at her, holding back behind his look his discontent. +Pungent mockturtle oxtail mulligatawny. I’m hungry too. Flakes of +pastry on the gusset of her dress: daub of sugary flour stuck to her +cheek. Rhubarb tart with liberal fillings, rich fruit interior. Josie +Powell that was. In Luke Doyle’s long ago. Dolphin’s Barn, the +charades. U. p: up. + +Change the subject. + +—Do you ever see anything of Mrs Beaufoy? Mr Bloom asked. + +—Mina Purefoy? she said. + +Philip Beaufoy I was thinking. Playgoers’ Club. Matcham often thinks of +the masterstroke. Did I pull the chain? Yes. The last act. + +—Yes. + +—I just called to ask on the way in is she over it. She’s in the +lying-in hospital in Holles street. Dr Horne got her in. She’s three +days bad now. + +—O, Mr Bloom said. I’m sorry to hear that. + +—Yes, Mrs Breen said. And a houseful of kids at home. It’s a very stiff +birth, the nurse told me. + +—O, Mr Bloom said. + +His heavy pitying gaze absorbed her news. His tongue clacked in +compassion. Dth! Dth! + +—I’m sorry to hear that, he said. Poor thing! Three days! That’s +terrible for her. + +Mrs Breen nodded. + +—She was taken bad on the Tuesday... + +Mr Bloom touched her funnybone gently, warning her: + +—Mind! Let this man pass. + +A bony form strode along the curbstone from the river staring with a +rapt gaze into the sunlight through a heavystringed glass. Tight as a +skullpiece a tiny hat gripped his head. From his arm a folded dustcoat, +a stick and an umbrella dangled to his stride. + +—Watch him, Mr Bloom said. He always walks outside the lampposts. +Watch! + +—Who is he if it’s a fair question? Mrs Breen asked. Is he dotty? + +—His name is Cashel Boyle O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell, Mr +Bloom said smiling. Watch! + +—He has enough of them, she said. Denis will be like that one of these +days. + +She broke off suddenly. + +—There he is, she said. I must go after him. Goodbye. Remember me to +Molly, won’t you? + +—I will, Mr Bloom said. + +He watched her dodge through passers towards the shopfronts. Denis +Breen in skimpy frockcoat and blue canvas shoes shuffled out of +Harrison’s hugging two heavy tomes to his ribs. Blown in from the bay. +Like old times. He suffered her to overtake him without surprise and +thrust his dull grey beard towards her, his loose jaw wagging as he +spoke earnestly. + +Meshuggah. Off his chump. + +Mr Bloom walked on again easily, seeing ahead of him in sunlight the +tight skullpiece, the dangling stickumbrelladustcoat. Going the two +days. Watch him! Out he goes again. One way of getting on in the world. +And that other old mosey lunatic in those duds. Hard time she must have +with him. + +U. p: up. I’ll take my oath that’s Alf Bergan or Richie Goulding. Wrote +it for a lark in the Scotch house I bet anything. Round to Menton’s +office. His oyster eyes staring at the postcard. Be a feast for the +gods. + +He passed the _Irish Times_. There might be other answers lying there. +Like to answer them all. Good system for criminals. Code. At their +lunch now. Clerk with the glasses there doesn’t know me. O, leave them +there to simmer. Enough bother wading through fortyfour of them. +Wanted, smart lady typist to aid gentleman in literary work. I called +you naughty darling because I do not like that other world. Please tell +me what is the meaning. Please tell me what perfume does your wife. +Tell me who made the world. The way they spring those questions on you. +And the other one Lizzie Twigg. My literary efforts have had the good +fortune to meet with the approval of the eminent poet A. E. (Mr Geo. +Russell). No time to do her hair drinking sloppy tea with a book of +poetry. + +Best paper by long chalks for a small ad. Got the provinces now. Cook +and general, exc. cuisine, housemaid kept. Wanted live man for spirit +counter. Resp. girl (R.C.) wishes to hear of post in fruit or pork +shop. James Carlisle made that. Six and a half per cent dividend. Made +a big deal on Coates’s shares. Ca’ canny. Cunning old Scotch hunks. All +the toady news. Our gracious and popular vicereine. Bought the _Irish +Field_ now. Lady Mountcashel has quite recovered after her confinement +and rode out with the Ward Union staghounds at the enlargement +yesterday at Rathoath. Uneatable fox. Pothunters too. Fear injects +juices make it tender enough for them. Riding astride. Sit her horse +like a man. Weightcarrying huntress. No sidesaddle or pillion for her, +not for Joe. First to the meet and in at the death. Strong as a brood +mare some of those horsey women. Swagger around livery stables. Toss +off a glass of brandy neat while you’d say knife. That one at the +Grosvenor this morning. Up with her on the car: wishswish. Stonewall or +fivebarred gate put her mount to it. Think that pugnosed driver did it +out of spite. Who is this she was like? O yes! Mrs Miriam Dandrade that +sold me her old wraps and black underclothes in the Shelbourne hotel. +Divorced Spanish American. Didn’t take a feather out of her my handling +them. As if I was her clotheshorse. Saw her in the viceregal party when +Stubbs the park ranger got me in with Whelan of the _Express._ +Scavenging what the quality left. High tea. Mayonnaise I poured on the +plums thinking it was custard. Her ears ought to have tingled for a few +weeks after. Want to be a bull for her. Born courtesan. No nursery work +for her, thanks. + +Poor Mrs Purefoy! Methodist husband. Method in his madness. Saffron bun +and milk and soda lunch in the educational dairy. Y. M. C. A. Eating +with a stopwatch, thirtytwo chews to the minute. And still his +muttonchop whiskers grew. Supposed to be well connected. Theodore’s +cousin in Dublin Castle. One tony relative in every family. Hardy +annuals he presents her with. Saw him out at the Three Jolly Topers +marching along bareheaded and his eldest boy carrying one in a +marketnet. The squallers. Poor thing! Then having to give the breast +year after year all hours of the night. Selfish those t.t’s are. Dog in +the manger. Only one lump of sugar in my tea, if you please. + +He stood at Fleet street crossing. Luncheon interval. A sixpenny at +Rowe’s? Must look up that ad in the national library. An eightpenny in +the Burton. Better. On my way. + +He walked on past Bolton’s Westmoreland house. Tea. Tea. Tea. I forgot +to tap Tom Kernan. + +Sss. Dth, dth, dth! Three days imagine groaning on a bed with a +vinegared handkerchief round her forehead, her belly swollen out. Phew! +Dreadful simply! Child’s head too big: forceps. Doubled up inside her +trying to butt its way out blindly, groping for the way out. Kill me +that would. Lucky Molly got over hers lightly. They ought to invent +something to stop that. Life with hard labour. Twilight sleep idea: +queen Victoria was given that. Nine she had. A good layer. Old woman +that lived in a shoe she had so many children. Suppose he was +consumptive. Time someone thought about it instead of gassing about the +what was it the pensive bosom of the silver effulgence. Flapdoodle to +feed fools on. They could easily have big establishments whole thing +quite painless out of all the taxes give every child born five quid at +compound interest up to twentyone five per cent is a hundred shillings +and five tiresome pounds multiply by twenty decimal system encourage +people to put by money save hundred and ten and a bit twentyone years +want to work it out on paper come to a tidy sum more than you think. + +Not stillborn of course. They are not even registered. Trouble for +nothing. + +Funny sight two of them together, their bellies out. Molly and Mrs +Moisel. Mothers’ meeting. Phthisis retires for the time being, then +returns. How flat they look all of a sudden after. Peaceful eyes. +Weight off their mind. Old Mrs Thornton was a jolly old soul. All my +babies, she said. The spoon of pap in her mouth before she fed them. O, +that’s nyumnyum. Got her hand crushed by old Tom Wall’s son. His first +bow to the public. Head like a prize pumpkin. Snuffy Dr Murren. People +knocking them up at all hours. For God’ sake, doctor. Wife in her +throes. Then keep them waiting months for their fee. To attendance on +your wife. No gratitude in people. Humane doctors, most of them. + +Before the huge high door of the Irish house of parliament a flock of +pigeons flew. Their little frolic after meals. Who will we do it on? I +pick the fellow in black. Here goes. Here’s good luck. Must be +thrilling from the air. Apjohn, myself and Owen Goldberg up in the +trees near Goose green playing the monkeys. Mackerel they called me. + +A squad of constables debouched from College street, marching in Indian +file. Goosestep. Foodheated faces, sweating helmets, patting their +truncheons. After their feed with a good load of fat soup under their +belts. Policeman’s lot is oft a happy one. They split up in groups and +scattered, saluting, towards their beats. Let out to graze. Best moment +to attack one in pudding time. A punch in his dinner. A squad of +others, marching irregularly, rounded Trinity railings making for the +station. Bound for their troughs. Prepare to receive cavalry. Prepare +to receive soup. + +He crossed under Tommy Moore’s roguish finger. They did right to put +him up over a urinal: meeting of the waters. Ought to be places for +women. Running into cakeshops. Settle my hat straight. _There is not in +this wide world a vallee_. Great song of Julia Morkan’s. Kept her voice +up to the very last. Pupil of Michael Balfe’s, wasn’t she? + +He gazed after the last broad tunic. Nasty customers to tackle. Jack +Power could a tale unfold: father a G man. If a fellow gave them +trouble being lagged they let him have it hot and heavy in the +bridewell. Can’t blame them after all with the job they have especially +the young hornies. That horsepoliceman the day Joe Chamberlain was +given his degree in Trinity he got a run for his money. My word he did! +His horse’s hoofs clattering after us down Abbey street. Lucky I had +the presence of mind to dive into Manning’s or I was souped. He did +come a wallop, by George. Must have cracked his skull on the +cobblestones. I oughtn’t to have got myself swept along with those +medicals. And the Trinity jibs in their mortarboards. Looking for +trouble. Still I got to know that young Dixon who dressed that sting +for me in the Mater and now he’s in Holles street where Mrs Purefoy. +Wheels within wheels. Police whistle in my ears still. All skedaddled. +Why he fixed on me. Give me in charge. Right here it began. + +—Up the Boers! + +—Three cheers for De Wet! + +—We’ll hang Joe Chamberlain on a sourapple tree. + +Silly billies: mob of young cubs yelling their guts out. Vinegar hill. +The Butter exchange band. Few years’ time half of them magistrates and +civil servants. War comes on: into the army helterskelter: same fellows +used to. Whether on the scaffold high. + +Never know who you’re talking to. Corny Kelleher he has Harvey Duff in +his eye. Like that Peter or Denis or James Carey that blew the gaff on +the invincibles. Member of the corporation too. Egging raw youths on to +get in the know all the time drawing secret service pay from the +castle. Drop him like a hot potato. Why those plainclothes men are +always courting slaveys. Easily twig a man used to uniform. +Squarepushing up against a backdoor. Maul her a bit. Then the next +thing on the menu. And who is the gentleman does be visiting there? Was +the young master saying anything? Peeping Tom through the keyhole. +Decoy duck. Hotblooded young student fooling round her fat arms +ironing. + +—Are those yours, Mary? + +—I don’t wear such things... Stop or I’ll tell the missus on you. Out +half the night. + +—There are great times coming, Mary. Wait till you see. + +—Ah, gelong with your great times coming. + +Barmaids too. Tobaccoshopgirls. + +James Stephens’ idea was the best. He knew them. Circles of ten so that +a fellow couldn’t round on more than his own ring. Sinn Fein. Back out +you get the knife. Hidden hand. Stay in. The firing squad. Turnkey’s +daughter got him out of Richmond, off from Lusk. Putting up in the +Buckingham Palace hotel under their very noses. Garibaldi. + +You must have a certain fascination: Parnell. Arthur Griffith is a +squareheaded fellow but he has no go in him for the mob. Or gas about +our lovely land. Gammon and spinach. Dublin Bakery Company’s tearoom. +Debating societies. That republicanism is the best form of government. +That the language question should take precedence of the economic +question. Have your daughters inveigling them to your house. Stuff them +up with meat and drink. Michaelmas goose. Here’s a good lump of thyme +seasoning under the apron for you. Have another quart of goosegrease +before it gets too cold. Halffed enthusiasts. Penny roll and a walk +with the band. No grace for the carver. The thought that the other chap +pays best sauce in the world. Make themselves thoroughly at home. Show +us over those apricots, meaning peaches. The not far distant day. +Homerule sun rising up in the northwest. + +His smile faded as he walked, a heavy cloud hiding the sun slowly, +shadowing Trinity’s surly front. Trams passed one another, ingoing, +outgoing, clanging. Useless words. Things go on same, day after day: +squads of police marching out, back: trams in, out. Those two loonies +mooching about. Dignam carted off. Mina Purefoy swollen belly on a bed +groaning to have a child tugged out of her. One born every second +somewhere. Other dying every second. Since I fed the birds five +minutes. Three hundred kicked the bucket. Other three hundred born, +washing the blood off, all are washed in the blood of the lamb, bawling +maaaaaa. + +Cityful passing away, other cityful coming, passing away too: other +coming on, passing on. Houses, lines of houses, streets, miles of +pavements, piledup bricks, stones. Changing hands. This owner, that. +Landlord never dies they say. Other steps into his shoes when he gets +his notice to quit. They buy the place up with gold and still they have +all the gold. Swindle in it somewhere. Piled up in cities, worn away +age after age. Pyramids in sand. Built on bread and onions. Slaves +Chinese wall. Babylon. Big stones left. Round towers. Rest rubble, +sprawling suburbs, jerrybuilt. Kerwan’s mushroom houses built of +breeze. Shelter, for the night. + +No-one is anything. + +This is the very worst hour of the day. Vitality. Dull, gloomy: hate +this hour. Feel as if I had been eaten and spewed. + +Provost’s house. The reverend Dr Salmon: tinned salmon. Well tinned in +there. Like a mortuary chapel. Wouldn’t live in it if they paid me. +Hope they have liver and bacon today. Nature abhors a vacuum. + +The sun freed itself slowly and lit glints of light among the +silverware opposite in Walter Sexton’s window by which John Howard +Parnell passed, unseeing. + +There he is: the brother. Image of him. Haunting face. Now that’s a +coincidence. Course hundreds of times you think of a person and don’t +meet him. Like a man walking in his sleep. No-one knows him. Must be a +corporation meeting today. They say he never put on the city marshal’s +uniform since he got the job. Charley Kavanagh used to come out on his +high horse, cocked hat, puffed, powdered and shaved. Look at the +woebegone walk of him. Eaten a bad egg. Poached eyes on ghost. I have a +pain. Great man’s brother: his brother’s brother. He’d look nice on the +city charger. Drop into the D.B.C. probably for his coffee, play chess +there. His brother used men as pawns. Let them all go to pot. Afraid to +pass a remark on him. Freeze them up with that eye of his. That’s the +fascination: the name. All a bit touched. Mad Fanny and his other +sister Mrs Dickinson driving about with scarlet harness. Bolt upright +like surgeon M’Ardle. Still David Sheehy beat him for south Meath. +Apply for the Chiltern Hundreds and retire into public life. The +patriot’s banquet. Eating orangepeels in the park. Simon Dedalus said +when they put him in parliament that Parnell would come back from the +grave and lead him out of the house of commons by the arm. + +—Of the twoheaded octopus, one of whose heads is the head upon which +the ends of the world have forgotten to come while the other speaks +with a Scotch accent. The tentacles... + +They passed from behind Mr Bloom along the curbstone. Beard and +bicycle. Young woman. + +And there he is too. Now that’s really a coincidence: second time. +Coming events cast their shadows before. With the approval of the +eminent poet, Mr Geo. Russell. That might be Lizzie Twigg with him. A. +E.: what does that mean? Initials perhaps. Albert Edward, Arthur +Edmund, Alphonsus Eb Ed El Esquire. What was he saying? The ends of the +world with a Scotch accent. Tentacles: octopus. Something occult: +symbolism. Holding forth. She’s taking it all in. Not saying a word. To +aid gentleman in literary work. + +His eyes followed the high figure in homespun, beard and bicycle, a +listening woman at his side. Coming from the vegetarian. Only +weggebobbles and fruit. Don’t eat a beefsteak. If you do the eyes of +that cow will pursue you through all eternity. They say it’s healthier. +Windandwatery though. Tried it. Keep you on the run all day. Bad as a +bloater. Dreams all night. Why do they call that thing they gave me +nutsteak? Nutarians. Fruitarians. To give you the idea you are eating +rumpsteak. Absurd. Salty too. They cook in soda. Keep you sitting by +the tap all night. + +Her stockings are loose over her ankles. I detest that: so tasteless. +Those literary etherial people they are all. Dreamy, cloudy, +symbolistic. Esthetes they are. I wouldn’t be surprised if it was that +kind of food you see produces the like waves of the brain the poetical. +For example one of those policemen sweating Irish stew into their +shirts you couldn’t squeeze a line of poetry out of him. Don’t know +what poetry is even. Must be in a certain mood. + + The dreamy cloudy gull + Waves o’er the waters dull. + +He crossed at Nassau street corner and stood before the window of +Yeates and Son, pricing the fieldglasses. Or will I drop into old +Harris’s and have a chat with young Sinclair? Wellmannered fellow. +Probably at his lunch. Must get those old glasses of mine set right. +Goerz lenses six guineas. Germans making their way everywhere. Sell on +easy terms to capture trade. Undercutting. Might chance on a pair in +the railway lost property office. Astonishing the things people leave +behind them in trains and cloakrooms. What do they be thinking about? +Women too. Incredible. Last year travelling to Ennis had to pick up +that farmer’s daughter’s bag and hand it to her at Limerick junction. +Unclaimed money too. There’s a little watch up there on the roof of the +bank to test those glasses by. + +His lids came down on the lower rims of his irides. Can’t see it. If +you imagine it’s there you can almost see it. Can’t see it. + +He faced about and, standing between the awnings, held out his right +hand at arm’s length towards the sun. Wanted to try that often. Yes: +completely. The tip of his little finger blotted out the sun’s disk. +Must be the focus where the rays cross. If I had black glasses. +Interesting. There was a lot of talk about those sunspots when we were +in Lombard street west. Looking up from the back garden. Terrific +explosions they are. There will be a total eclipse this year: autumn +some time. + +Now that I come to think of it that ball falls at Greenwich time. It’s +the clock is worked by an electric wire from Dunsink. Must go out there +some first Saturday of the month. If I could get an introduction to +professor Joly or learn up something about his family. That would do +to: man always feels complimented. Flattery where least expected. +Nobleman proud to be descended from some king’s mistress. His +foremother. Lay it on with a trowel. Cap in hand goes through the land. +Not go in and blurt out what you know you’re not to: what’s parallax? +Show this gentleman the door. + +Ah. + +His hand fell to his side again. + +Never know anything about it. Waste of time. Gasballs spinning about, +crossing each other, passing. Same old dingdong always. Gas: then +solid: then world: then cold: then dead shell drifting around, frozen +rock, like that pineapple rock. The moon. Must be a new moon out, she +said. I believe there is. + +He went on by la maison Claire. + +Wait. The full moon was the night we were Sunday fortnight exactly +there is a new moon. Walking down by the Tolka. Not bad for a Fairview +moon. She was humming. The young May moon she’s beaming, love. He other +side of her. Elbow, arm. He. Glowworm’s la-amp is gleaming, love. +Touch. Fingers. Asking. Answer. Yes. + +Stop. Stop. If it was it was. Must. + +Mr Bloom, quickbreathing, slowlier walking passed Adam court. + +With a keep quiet relief his eyes took note this is the street here +middle of the day of Bob Doran’s bottle shoulders. On his annual bend, +M’Coy said. They drink in order to say or do something or _cherchez la +femme_. Up in the Coombe with chummies and streetwalkers and then the +rest of the year sober as a judge. + +Yes. Thought so. Sloping into the Empire. Gone. Plain soda would do him +good. Where Pat Kinsella had his Harp theatre before Whitbred ran the +Queen’s. Broth of a boy. Dion Boucicault business with his harvestmoon +face in a poky bonnet. Three Purty Maids from School. How time flies, +eh? Showing long red pantaloons under his skirts. Drinkers, drinking, +laughed spluttering, their drink against their breath. More power, Pat. +Coarse red: fun for drunkards: guffaw and smoke. Take off that white +hat. His parboiled eyes. Where is he now? Beggar somewhere. The harp +that once did starve us all. + +I was happier then. Or was that I? Or am I now I? Twentyeight I was. +She twentythree. When we left Lombard street west something changed. +Could never like it again after Rudy. Can’t bring back time. Like +holding water in your hand. Would you go back to then? Just beginning +then. Would you? Are you not happy in your home you poor little naughty +boy? Wants to sew on buttons for me. I must answer. Write it in the +library. + +Grafton street gay with housed awnings lured his senses. Muslin prints, +silkdames and dowagers, jingle of harnesses, hoofthuds lowringing in +the baking causeway. Thick feet that woman has in the white stockings. +Hope the rain mucks them up on her. Countrybred chawbacon. All the beef +to the heels were in. Always gives a woman clumsy feet. Molly looks out +of plumb. + +He passed, dallying, the windows of Brown Thomas, silk mercers. +Cascades of ribbons. Flimsy China silks. A tilted urn poured from its +mouth a flood of bloodhued poplin: lustrous blood. The huguenots +brought that here. _La causa è santa!_ Tara tara. Great chorus that. +Taree tara. Must be washed in rainwater. Meyerbeer. Tara: bom bom bom. + +Pincushions. I’m a long time threatening to buy one. Sticking them all +over the place. Needles in window curtains. + +He bared slightly his left forearm. Scrape: nearly gone. Not today +anyhow. Must go back for that lotion. For her birthday perhaps. +Junejulyaugseptember eighth. Nearly three months off. Then she mightn’t +like it. Women won’t pick up pins. Say it cuts lo. + +Gleaming silks, petticoats on slim brass rails, rays of flat silk +stockings. + +Useless to go back. Had to be. Tell me all. + +High voices. Sunwarm silk. Jingling harnesses. All for a woman, home +and houses, silkwebs, silver, rich fruits spicy from Jaffa. Agendath +Netaim. Wealth of the world. + +A warm human plumpness settled down on his brain. His brain yielded. +Perfume of embraces all him assailed. With hungered flesh obscurely, he +mutely craved to adore. + +Duke street. Here we are. Must eat. The Burton. Feel better then. + +He turned Combridge’s corner, still pursued. Jingling, hoofthuds. +Perfumed bodies, warm, full. All kissed, yielded: in deep summer +fields, tangled pressed grass, in trickling hallways of tenements, +along sofas, creaking beds. + +—Jack, love! + +—Darling! + +—Kiss me, Reggy! + +—My boy! + +—Love! + +His heart astir he pushed in the door of the Burton restaurant. Stink +gripped his trembling breath: pungent meatjuice, slush of greens. See +the animals feed. + +Men, men, men. + +Perched on high stools by the bar, hats shoved back, at the tables +calling for more bread no charge, swilling, wolfing gobfuls of sloppy +food, their eyes bulging, wiping wetted moustaches. A pallid suetfaced +young man polished his tumbler knife fork and spoon with his napkin. +New set of microbes. A man with an infant’s saucestained napkin tucked +round him shovelled gurgling soup down his gullet. A man spitting back +on his plate: halfmasticated gristle: gums: no teeth to chewchewchew +it. Chump chop from the grill. Bolting to get it over. Sad booser’s +eyes. Bitten off more than he can chew. Am I like that? See ourselves +as others see us. Hungry man is an angry man. Working tooth and jaw. +Don’t! O! A bone! That last pagan king of Ireland Cormac in the +schoolpoem choked himself at Sletty southward of the Boyne. Wonder what +he was eating. Something galoptious. Saint Patrick converted him to +Christianity. Couldn’t swallow it all however. + +—Roast beef and cabbage. + +—One stew. + +Smells of men. Spat-on sawdust, sweetish warmish cigarettesmoke, reek +of plug, spilt beer, men’s beery piss, the stale of ferment. + +His gorge rose. + +Couldn’t eat a morsel here. Fellow sharpening knife and fork to eat all +before him, old chap picking his tootles. Slight spasm, full, chewing +the cud. Before and after. Grace after meals. Look on this picture then +on that. Scoffing up stewgravy with sopping sippets of bread. Lick it +off the plate, man! Get out of this. + +He gazed round the stooled and tabled eaters, tightening the wings of +his nose. + +—Two stouts here. + +—One corned and cabbage. + +That fellow ramming a knifeful of cabbage down as if his life depended +on it. Good stroke. Give me the fidgets to look. Safer to eat from his +three hands. Tear it limb from limb. Second nature to him. Born with a +silver knife in his mouth. That’s witty, I think. Or no. Silver means +born rich. Born with a knife. But then the allusion is lost. + +An illgirt server gathered sticky clattering plates. Rock, the head +bailiff, standing at the bar blew the foamy crown from his tankard. +Well up: it splashed yellow near his boot. A diner, knife and fork +upright, elbows on table, ready for a second helping stared towards the +foodlift across his stained square of newspaper. Other chap telling him +something with his mouth full. Sympathetic listener. Table talk. I +munched hum un thu Unchster Bunk un Munchday. Ha? Did you, faith? + +Mr Bloom raised two fingers doubtfully to his lips. His eyes said: + +—Not here. Don’t see him. + +Out. I hate dirty eaters. + +He backed towards the door. Get a light snack in Davy Byrne’s. Stopgap. +Keep me going. Had a good breakfast. + +—Roast and mashed here. + +—Pint of stout. + +Every fellow for his own, tooth and nail. Gulp. Grub. Gulp. Gobstuff. + +He came out into clearer air and turned back towards Grafton street. +Eat or be eaten. Kill! Kill! + +Suppose that communal kitchen years to come perhaps. All trotting down +with porringers and tommycans to be filled. Devour contents in the +street. John Howard Parnell example the provost of Trinity every +mother’s son don’t talk of your provosts and provost of Trinity women +and children cabmen priests parsons fieldmarshals archbishops. From +Ailesbury road, Clyde road, artisans’ dwellings, north Dublin union, +lord mayor in his gingerbread coach, old queen in a bathchair. My +plate’s empty. After you with our incorporated drinkingcup. Like sir +Philip Crampton’s fountain. Rub off the microbes with your +handkerchief. Next chap rubs on a new batch with his. Father O’Flynn +would make hares of them all. Have rows all the same. All for number +one. Children fighting for the scrapings of the pot. Want a souppot as +big as the Phoenix park. Harpooning flitches and hindquarters out of +it. Hate people all round you. City Arms hotel _table d’hôte_ she +called it. Soup, joint and sweet. Never know whose thoughts you’re +chewing. Then who’d wash up all the plates and forks? Might be all +feeding on tabloids that time. Teeth getting worse and worse. + +After all there’s a lot in that vegetarian fine flavour of things from +the earth garlic of course it stinks after Italian organgrinders crisp +of onions mushrooms truffles. Pain to the animal too. Pluck and draw +fowl. Wretched brutes there at the cattlemarket waiting for the poleaxe +to split their skulls open. Moo. Poor trembling calves. Meh. Staggering +bob. Bubble and squeak. Butchers’ buckets wobbly lights. Give us that +brisket off the hook. Plup. Rawhead and bloody bones. Flayed glasseyed +sheep hung from their haunches, sheepsnouts bloodypapered snivelling +nosejam on sawdust. Top and lashers going out. Don’t maul them pieces, +young one. + +Hot fresh blood they prescribe for decline. Blood always needed. +Insidious. Lick it up smokinghot, thick sugary. Famished ghosts. + +Ah, I’m hungry. + +He entered Davy Byrne’s. Moral pub. He doesn’t chat. Stands a drink now +and then. But in leapyear once in four. Cashed a cheque for me once. + +What will I take now? He drew his watch. Let me see now. Shandygaff? + +—Hello, Bloom, Nosey Flynn said from his nook. + +—Hello, Flynn. + +—How’s things? + +—Tiptop... Let me see. I’ll take a glass of burgundy and... let me see. + +Sardines on the shelves. Almost taste them by looking. Sandwich? Ham +and his descendants musterred and bred there. Potted meats. What is +home without Plumtree’s potted meat? Incomplete. What a stupid ad! +Under the obituary notices they stuck it. All up a plumtree. Dignam’s +potted meat. Cannibals would with lemon and rice. White missionary too +salty. Like pickled pork. Expect the chief consumes the parts of +honour. Ought to be tough from exercise. His wives in a row to watch +the effect. _There was a right royal old nigger. Who ate or something +the somethings of the reverend Mr MacTrigger_. With it an abode of +bliss. Lord knows what concoction. Cauls mouldy tripes windpipes faked +and minced up. Puzzle find the meat. Kosher. No meat and milk together. +Hygiene that was what they call now. Yom Kippur fast spring cleaning of +inside. Peace and war depend on some fellow’s digestion. Religions. +Christmas turkeys and geese. Slaughter of innocents. Eat drink and be +merry. Then casual wards full after. Heads bandaged. Cheese digests all +but itself. Mity cheese. + +—Have you a cheese sandwich? + +—Yes, sir. + +Like a few olives too if they had them. Italian I prefer. Good glass of +burgundy take away that. Lubricate. A nice salad, cool as a cucumber, +Tom Kernan can dress. Puts gusto into it. Pure olive oil. Milly served +me that cutlet with a sprig of parsley. Take one Spanish onion. God +made food, the devil the cooks. Devilled crab. + +—Wife well? + +—Quite well, thanks... A cheese sandwich, then. Gorgonzola, have you? + +—Yes, sir. + +Nosey Flynn sipped his grog. + +—Doing any singing those times? + +Look at his mouth. Could whistle in his own ear. Flap ears to match. +Music. Knows as much about it as my coachman. Still better tell him. +Does no harm. Free ad. + +—She’s engaged for a big tour end of this month. You may have heard +perhaps. + +—No. O, that’s the style. Who’s getting it up? + +The curate served. + +—How much is that? + +—Seven d., sir... Thank you, sir. + +Mr Bloom cut his sandwich into slender strips. _Mr MacTrigger_. Easier +than the dreamy creamy stuff. _His five hundred wives. Had the time of +their lives._ + +—Mustard, sir? + +—Thank you. + +He studded under each lifted strip yellow blobs. _Their lives_. I have +it. _It grew bigger and bigger and bigger_. + +—Getting it up? he said. Well, it’s like a company idea, you see. Part +shares and part profits. + +—Ay, now I remember, Nosey Flynn said, putting his hand in his pocket +to scratch his groin. Who is this was telling me? Isn’t Blazes Boylan +mixed up in it? + +A warm shock of air heat of mustard hanched on Mr Bloom’s heart. He +raised his eyes and met the stare of a bilious clock. Two. Pub clock +five minutes fast. Time going on. Hands moving. Two. Not yet. + +His midriff yearned then upward, sank within him, yearned more longly, +longingly. + +Wine. + +He smellsipped the cordial juice and, bidding his throat strongly to +speed it, set his wineglass delicately down. + +—Yes, he said. He’s the organiser in point of fact. + +No fear: no brains. + +Nosey Flynn snuffled and scratched. Flea having a good square meal. + +—He had a good slice of luck, Jack Mooney was telling me, over that +boxingmatch Myler Keogh won again that soldier in the Portobello +barracks. By God, he had the little kipper down in the county Carlow he +was telling me... + +Hope that dewdrop doesn’t come down into his glass. No, snuffled it up. + +—For near a month, man, before it came off. Sucking duck eggs by God +till further orders. Keep him off the boose, see? O, by God, Blazes is +a hairy chap. + +Davy Byrne came forward from the hindbar in tuckstitched shirtsleeves, +cleaning his lips with two wipes of his napkin. Herring’s blush. Whose +smile upon each feature plays with such and such replete. Too much fat +on the parsnips. + +—And here’s himself and pepper on him, Nosey Flynn said. Can you give +us a good one for the Gold cup? + +—I’m off that, Mr Flynn, Davy Byrne answered. I never put anything on a +horse. + +—You’re right there, Nosey Flynn said. + +Mr Bloom ate his strips of sandwich, fresh clean bread, with relish of +disgust pungent mustard, the feety savour of green cheese. Sips of his +wine soothed his palate. Not logwood that. Tastes fuller this weather +with the chill off. + +Nice quiet bar. Nice piece of wood in that counter. Nicely planed. Like +the way it curves there. + +—I wouldn’t do anything at all in that line, Davy Byrne said. It ruined +many a man, the same horses. + +Vintners’ sweepstake. Licensed for the sale of beer, wine and spirits +for consumption on the premises. Heads I win tails you lose. + +—True for you, Nosey Flynn said. Unless you’re in the know. There’s no +straight sport going now. Lenehan gets some good ones. He’s giving +Sceptre today. Zinfandel’s the favourite, Lord Howard de Walden’s, won +at Epsom. Morny Cannon is riding him. I could have got seven to one +against Saint Amant a fortnight before. + +—That so? Davy Byrne said... + +He went towards the window and, taking up the pettycash book, scanned +its pages. + +—I could, faith, Nosey Flynn said, snuffling. That was a rare bit of +horseflesh. Saint Frusquin was her sire. She won in a thunderstorm, +Rothschild’s filly, with wadding in her ears. Blue jacket and yellow +cap. Bad luck to big Ben Dollard and his John O’Gaunt. He put me off +it. Ay. + +He drank resignedly from his tumbler, running his fingers down the +flutes. + +—Ay, he said, sighing. + +Mr Bloom, champing, standing, looked upon his sigh. Nosey numbskull. +Will I tell him that horse Lenehan? He knows already. Better let him +forget. Go and lose more. Fool and his money. Dewdrop coming down +again. Cold nose he’d have kissing a woman. Still they might like. +Prickly beards they like. Dogs’ cold noses. Old Mrs Riordan with the +rumbling stomach’s Skye terrier in the City Arms hotel. Molly fondling +him in her lap. O, the big doggybowwowsywowsy! + +Wine soaked and softened rolled pith of bread mustard a moment mawkish +cheese. Nice wine it is. Taste it better because I’m not thirsty. Bath +of course does that. Just a bite or two. Then about six o’clock I can. +Six. Six. Time will be gone then. She... + +Mild fire of wine kindled his veins. I wanted that badly. Felt so off +colour. His eyes unhungrily saw shelves of tins: sardines, gaudy +lobsters’ claws. All the odd things people pick up for food. Out of +shells, periwinkles with a pin, off trees, snails out of the ground the +French eat, out of the sea with bait on a hook. Silly fish learn +nothing in a thousand years. If you didn’t know risky putting anything +into your mouth. Poisonous berries. Johnny Magories. Roundness you +think good. Gaudy colour warns you off. One fellow told another and so +on. Try it on the dog first. Led on by the smell or the look. Tempting +fruit. Ice cones. Cream. Instinct. Orangegroves for instance. Need +artificial irrigation. Bleibtreustrasse. Yes but what about oysters. +Unsightly like a clot of phlegm. Filthy shells. Devil to open them too. +Who found them out? Garbage, sewage they feed on. Fizz and Red bank +oysters. Effect on the sexual. Aphrodis. He was in the Red Bank this +morning. Was he oysters old fish at table perhaps he young flesh in bed +no June has no ar no oysters. But there are people like things high. +Tainted game. Jugged hare. First catch your hare. Chinese eating eggs +fifty years old, blue and green again. Dinner of thirty courses. Each +dish harmless might mix inside. Idea for a poison mystery. That +archduke Leopold was it no yes or was it Otto one of those Habsburgs? +Or who was it used to eat the scruff off his own head? Cheapest lunch +in town. Of course aristocrats, then the others copy to be in the +fashion. Milly too rock oil and flour. Raw pastry I like myself. Half +the catch of oysters they throw back in the sea to keep up the price. +Cheap no-one would buy. Caviare. Do the grand. Hock in green glasses. +Swell blowout. Lady this. Powdered bosom pearls. The _élite. Crème de +la crème_. They want special dishes to pretend they’re. Hermit with a +platter of pulse keep down the stings of the flesh. Know me come eat +with me. Royal sturgeon high sheriff, Coffey, the butcher, right to +venisons of the forest from his ex. Send him back the half of a cow. +Spread I saw down in the Master of the Rolls’ kitchen area. Whitehatted +_chef_ like a rabbi. Combustible duck. Curly cabbage _à la duchesse de +Parme_. Just as well to write it on the bill of fare so you can know +what you’ve eaten. Too many drugs spoil the broth. I know it myself. +Dosing it with Edwards’ desiccated soup. Geese stuffed silly for them. +Lobsters boiled alive. Do ptake some ptarmigan. Wouldn’t mind being a +waiter in a swell hotel. Tips, evening dress, halfnaked ladies. May I +tempt you to a little more filleted lemon sole, miss Dubedat? Yes, do +bedad. And she did bedad. Huguenot name I expect that. A miss Dubedat +lived in Killiney, I remember. _Du de la_ is French. Still it’s the +same fish perhaps old Micky Hanlon of Moore street ripped the guts out +of making money hand over fist finger in fishes’ gills can’t write his +name on a cheque think he was painting the landscape with his mouth +twisted. Moooikill A Aitcha Ha ignorant as a kish of brogues, worth +fifty thousand pounds. + +Stuck on the pane two flies buzzed, stuck. + +Glowing wine on his palate lingered swallowed. Crushing in the +winepress grapes of Burgundy. Sun’s heat it is. Seems to a secret touch +telling me memory. Touched his sense moistened remembered. Hidden under +wild ferns on Howth below us bay sleeping: sky. No sound. The sky. The +bay purple by the Lion’s head. Green by Drumleck. Yellowgreen towards +Sutton. Fields of undersea, the lines faint brown in grass, buried +cities. Pillowed on my coat she had her hair, earwigs in the heather +scrub my hand under her nape, you’ll toss me all. O wonder! Coolsoft +with ointments her hand touched me, caressed: her eyes upon me did not +turn away. Ravished over her I lay, full lips full open, kissed her +mouth. Yum. Softly she gave me in my mouth the seedcake warm and +chewed. Mawkish pulp her mouth had mumbled sweetsour of her spittle. +Joy: I ate it: joy. Young life, her lips that gave me pouting. Soft +warm sticky gumjelly lips. Flowers her eyes were, take me, willing +eyes. Pebbles fell. She lay still. A goat. No-one. High on Ben Howth +rhododendrons a nannygoat walking surefooted, dropping currants. +Screened under ferns she laughed warmfolded. Wildly I lay on her, +kissed her: eyes, her lips, her stretched neck beating, woman’s breasts +full in her blouse of nun’s veiling, fat nipples upright. Hot I tongued +her. She kissed me. I was kissed. All yielding she tossed my hair. +Kissed, she kissed me. + +Me. And me now. + +Stuck, the flies buzzed. + +His downcast eyes followed the silent veining of the oaken slab. +Beauty: it curves: curves are beauty. Shapely goddesses, Venus, Juno: +curves the world admires. Can see them library museum standing in the +round hall, naked goddesses. Aids to digestion. They don’t care what +man looks. All to see. Never speaking. I mean to say to fellows like +Flynn. Suppose she did Pygmalion and Galatea what would she say first? +Mortal! Put you in your proper place. Quaffing nectar at mess with gods +golden dishes, all ambrosial. Not like a tanner lunch we have, boiled +mutton, carrots and turnips, bottle of Allsop. Nectar imagine it +drinking electricity: gods’ food. Lovely forms of women sculped +Junonian. Immortal lovely. And we stuffing food in one hole and out +behind: food, chyle, blood, dung, earth, food: have to feed it like +stoking an engine. They have no. Never looked. I’ll look today. Keeper +won’t see. Bend down let something fall see if she. + +Dribbling a quiet message from his bladder came to go to do not to do +there to do. A man and ready he drained his glass to the lees and +walked, to men too they gave themselves, manly conscious, lay with men +lovers, a youth enjoyed her, to the yard. + +When the sound of his boots had ceased Davy Byrne said from his book: + +—What is this he is? Isn’t he in the insurance line? + +—He’s out of that long ago, Nosey Flynn said. He does canvassing for +the _Freeman._ + +—I know him well to see, Davy Byrne said. Is he in trouble? + +—Trouble? Nosey Flynn said. Not that I heard of. Why? + +—I noticed he was in mourning. + +—Was he? Nosey Flynn said. So he was, faith. I asked him how was all at +home. You’re right, by God. So he was. + +—I never broach the subject, Davy Byrne said humanely, if I see a +gentleman is in trouble that way. It only brings it up fresh in their +minds. + +—It’s not the wife anyhow, Nosey Flynn said. I met him the day before +yesterday and he coming out of that Irish farm dairy John Wyse Nolan’s +wife has in Henry street with a jar of cream in his hand taking it home +to his better half. She’s well nourished, I tell you. Plovers on toast. + +—And is he doing for the _Freeman?_ Davy Byrne said. + +Nosey Flynn pursed his lips. + +—He doesn’t buy cream on the ads he picks up. You can make bacon of +that. + +—How so? Davy Byrne asked, coming from his book. + +Nosey Flynn made swift passes in the air with juggling fingers. He +winked. + +—He’s in the craft, he said. + +—Do you tell me so? Davy Byrne said. + +—Very much so, Nosey Flynn said. Ancient free and accepted order. He’s +an excellent brother. Light, life and love, by God. They give him a leg +up. I was told that by a—well, I won’t say who. + +—Is that a fact? + +—O, it’s a fine order, Nosey Flynn said. They stick to you when you’re +down. I know a fellow was trying to get into it. But they’re as close +as damn it. By God they did right to keep the women out of it. + +Davy Byrne smiledyawnednodded all in one: + +—Iiiiiichaaaaaaach! + +—There was one woman, Nosey Flynn said, hid herself in a clock to find +out what they do be doing. But be damned but they smelt her out and +swore her in on the spot a master mason. That was one of the saint +Legers of Doneraile. + +Davy Byrne, sated after his yawn, said with tearwashed eyes: + +—And is that a fact? Decent quiet man he is. I often saw him in here +and I never once saw him—you know, over the line. + +—God Almighty couldn’t make him drunk, Nosey Flynn said firmly. Slips +off when the fun gets too hot. Didn’t you see him look at his watch? +Ah, you weren’t there. If you ask him to have a drink first thing he +does he outs with the watch to see what he ought to imbibe. Declare to +God he does. + +—There are some like that, Davy Byrne said. He’s a safe man, I’d say. + +—He’s not too bad, Nosey Flynn said, snuffling it up. He’s been known +to put his hand down too to help a fellow. Give the devil his due. O, +Bloom has his good points. But there’s one thing he’ll never do. + +His hand scrawled a dry pen signature beside his grog. + +—I know, Davy Byrne said. + +—Nothing in black and white, Nosey Flynn said. + +Paddy Leonard and Bantam Lyons came in. Tom Rochford followed frowning, +a plaining hand on his claret waistcoat. + +—Day, Mr Byrne. + +—Day, gentlemen. + +They paused at the counter. + +—Who’s standing? Paddy Leonard asked. + +—I’m sitting anyhow, Nosey Flynn answered. + +—Well, what’ll it be? Paddy Leonard asked. + +—I’ll take a stone ginger, Bantam Lyons said. + +—How much? Paddy Leonard cried. Since when, for God’ sake? What’s +yours, Tom? + +—How is the main drainage? Nosey Flynn asked, sipping. + +For answer Tom Rochford pressed his hand to his breastbone and +hiccupped. + +—Would I trouble you for a glass of fresh water, Mr Byrne? he said. + +—Certainly, sir. + +Paddy Leonard eyed his alemates. + +—Lord love a duck, he said. Look at what I’m standing drinks to! Cold +water and gingerpop! Two fellows that would suck whisky off a sore leg. +He has some bloody horse up his sleeve for the Gold cup. A dead snip. + +—Zinfandel is it? Nosey Flynn asked. + +Tom Rochford spilt powder from a twisted paper into the water set +before him. + +—That cursed dyspepsia, he said before drinking. + +—Breadsoda is very good, Davy Byrne said. + +Tom Rochford nodded and drank. + +—Is it Zinfandel? + +—Say nothing! Bantam Lyons winked. I’m going to plunge five bob on my +own. + +—Tell us if you’re worth your salt and be damned to you, Paddy Leonard +said. Who gave it to you? + +Mr Bloom on his way out raised three fingers in greeting. + +—So long! Nosey Flynn said. + +The others turned. + +—That’s the man now that gave it to me, Bantam Lyons whispered. + +—Prrwht! Paddy Leonard said with scorn. Mr Byrne, sir, we’ll take two +of your small Jamesons after that and a... + +—Stone ginger, Davy Byrne added civilly. + +—Ay, Paddy Leonard said. A suckingbottle for the baby. + +Mr Bloom walked towards Dawson street, his tongue brushing his teeth +smooth. Something green it would have to be: spinach, say. Then with +those Röntgen rays searchlight you could. + +At Duke lane a ravenous terrier choked up a sick knuckly cud on the +cobblestones and lapped it with new zest. Surfeit. Returned with thanks +having fully digested the contents. First sweet then savoury. Mr Bloom +coasted warily. Ruminants. His second course. Their upper jaw they +move. Wonder if Tom Rochford will do anything with that invention of +his? Wasting time explaining it to Flynn’s mouth. Lean people long +mouths. Ought to be a hall or a place where inventors could go in and +invent free. Course then you’d have all the cranks pestering. + +He hummed, prolonging in solemn echo the closes of the bars: + + Don Giovanni, a cenar teco + M’invitasti. + +Feel better. Burgundy. Good pick me up. Who distilled first? Some chap +in the blues. Dutch courage. That _Kilkenny People_ in the national +library now I must. + +Bare clean closestools waiting in the window of William Miller, +plumber, turned back his thoughts. They could: and watch it all the way +down, swallow a pin sometimes come out of the ribs years after, tour +round the body changing biliary duct spleen squirting liver gastric +juice coils of intestines like pipes. But the poor buffer would have to +stand all the time with his insides entrails on show. Science. + +—_A cenar teco._ + +What does that _teco_ mean? Tonight perhaps. + + Don Giovanni, thou hast me invited + To come to supper tonight, + The rum the rumdum. + +Doesn’t go properly. + +Keyes: two months if I get Nannetti to. That’ll be two pounds ten about +two pounds eight. Three Hynes owes me. Two eleven. Prescott’s dyeworks +van over there. If I get Billy Prescott’s ad: two fifteen. Five guineas +about. On the pig’s back. + +Could buy one of those silk petticoats for Molly, colour of her new +garters. + +Today. Today. Not think. + +Tour the south then. What about English wateringplaces? Brighton, +Margate. Piers by moonlight. Her voice floating out. Those lovely +seaside girls. Against John Long’s a drowsing loafer lounged in heavy +thought, gnawing a crusted knuckle. Handy man wants job. Small wages. +Will eat anything. + +Mr Bloom turned at Gray’s confectioner’s window of unbought tarts and +passed the reverend Thomas Connellan’s bookstore. _Why I left the +church of Rome? Birds’ Nest._ Women run him. They say they used to give +pauper children soup to change to protestants in the time of the potato +blight. Society over the way papa went to for the conversion of poor +jews. Same bait. Why we left the church of Rome. + +A blind stripling stood tapping the curbstone with his slender cane. No +tram in sight. Wants to cross. + +—Do you want to cross? Mr Bloom asked. + +The blind stripling did not answer. His wallface frowned weakly. He +moved his head uncertainly. + +—You’re in Dawson street, Mr Bloom said. Molesworth street is opposite. +Do you want to cross? There’s nothing in the way. + +The cane moved out trembling to the left. Mr Bloom’s eye followed its +line and saw again the dyeworks’ van drawn up before Drago’s. Where I +saw his brillantined hair just when I was. Horse drooping. Driver in +John Long’s. Slaking his drouth. + +—There’s a van there, Mr Bloom said, but it’s not moving. I’ll see you +across. Do you want to go to Molesworth street? + +—Yes, the stripling answered. South Frederick street. + +—Come, Mr Bloom said. + +He touched the thin elbow gently: then took the limp seeing hand to +guide it forward. + +Say something to him. Better not do the condescending. They mistrust +what you tell them. Pass a common remark. + +—The rain kept off. + +No answer. + +Stains on his coat. Slobbers his food, I suppose. Tastes all different +for him. Have to be spoonfed first. Like a child’s hand, his hand. Like +Milly’s was. Sensitive. Sizing me up I daresay from my hand. Wonder if +he has a name. Van. Keep his cane clear of the horse’s legs: tired +drudge get his doze. That’s right. Clear. Behind a bull: in front of a +horse. + +—Thanks, sir. + +Knows I’m a man. Voice. + +—Right now? First turn to the left. + +The blind stripling tapped the curbstone and went on his way, drawing +his cane back, feeling again. + +Mr Bloom walked behind the eyeless feet, a flatcut suit of herringbone +tweed. Poor young fellow! How on earth did he know that van was there? +Must have felt it. See things in their forehead perhaps: kind of sense +of volume. Weight or size of it, something blacker than the dark. +Wonder would he feel it if something was removed. Feel a gap. Queer +idea of Dublin he must have, tapping his way round by the stones. Could +he walk in a beeline if he hadn’t that cane? Bloodless pious face like +a fellow going in to be a priest. + +Penrose! That was that chap’s name. + +Look at all the things they can learn to do. Read with their fingers. +Tune pianos. Or we are surprised they have any brains. Why we think a +deformed person or a hunchback clever if he says something we might +say. Of course the other senses are more. Embroider. Plait baskets. +People ought to help. Workbasket I could buy for Molly’s birthday. +Hates sewing. Might take an objection. Dark men they call them. + +Sense of smell must be stronger too. Smells on all sides, bunched +together. Each street different smell. Each person too. Then the +spring, the summer: smells. Tastes? They say you can’t taste wines with +your eyes shut or a cold in the head. Also smoke in the dark they say +get no pleasure. + +And with a woman, for instance. More shameless not seeing. That girl +passing the Stewart institution, head in the air. Look at me. I have +them all on. Must be strange not to see her. Kind of a form in his +mind’s eye. The voice, temperatures: when he touches her with his +fingers must almost see the lines, the curves. His hands on her hair, +for instance. Say it was black, for instance. Good. We call it black. +Then passing over her white skin. Different feel perhaps. Feeling of +white. + +Postoffice. Must answer. Fag today. Send her a postal order two +shillings, half a crown. Accept my little present. Stationer’s just +here too. Wait. Think over it. + +With a gentle finger he felt ever so slowly the hair combed back above +his ears. Again. Fibres of fine fine straw. Then gently his finger felt +the skin of his right cheek. Downy hair there too. Not smooth enough. +The belly is the smoothest. No-one about. There he goes into Frederick +street. Perhaps to Levenston’s dancing academy piano. Might be settling +my braces. + +Walking by Doran’s publichouse he slid his hand between his waistcoat +and trousers and, pulling aside his shirt gently, felt a slack fold of +his belly. But I know it’s whitey yellow. Want to try in the dark to +see. + +He withdrew his hand and pulled his dress to. + +Poor fellow! Quite a boy. Terrible. Really terrible. What dreams would +he have, not seeing? Life a dream for him. Where is the justice being +born that way? All those women and children excursion beanfeast burned +and drowned in New York. Holocaust. Karma they call that transmigration +for sins you did in a past life the reincarnation met him pike hoses. +Dear, dear, dear. Pity, of course: but somehow you can’t cotton on to +them someway. + +Sir Frederick Falkiner going into the freemasons’ hall. Solemn as Troy. +After his good lunch in Earlsfort terrace. Old legal cronies cracking a +magnum. Tales of the bench and assizes and annals of the bluecoat +school. I sentenced him to ten years. I suppose he’d turn up his nose +at that stuff I drank. Vintage wine for them, the year marked on a +dusty bottle. Has his own ideas of justice in the recorder’s court. +Wellmeaning old man. Police chargesheets crammed with cases get their +percentage manufacturing crime. Sends them to the rightabout. The devil +on moneylenders. Gave Reuben J a great strawcalling. Now he’s really +what they call a dirty jew. Power those judges have. Crusty old topers +in wigs. Bear with a sore paw. And may the Lord have mercy on your +soul. + +Hello, placard. Mirus bazaar. His Excellency the lord lieutenant. +Sixteenth. Today it is. In aid of funds for Mercer’s hospital. _The +Messiah_ was first given for that. Yes. Handel. What about going out +there: Ballsbridge. Drop in on Keyes. No use sticking to him like a +leech. Wear out my welcome. Sure to know someone on the gate. + +Mr Bloom came to Kildare street. First I must. Library. + +Straw hat in sunlight. Tan shoes. Turnedup trousers. It is. It is. + +His heart quopped softly. To the right. Museum. Goddesses. He swerved +to the right. + +Is it? Almost certain. Won’t look. Wine in my face. Why did I? Too +heady. Yes, it is. The walk. Not see. Get on. + +Making for the museum gate with long windy steps he lifted his eyes. +Handsome building. Sir Thomas Deane designed. Not following me? + +Didn’t see me perhaps. Light in his eyes. + +The flutter of his breath came forth in short sighs. Quick. Cold +statues: quiet there. Safe in a minute. + +No. Didn’t see me. After two. Just at the gate. + +My heart! + +His eyes beating looked steadfastly at cream curves of stone. Sir +Thomas Deane was the Greek architecture. + +Look for something I. + +His hasty hand went quick into a pocket, took out, read unfolded +Agendath Netaim. Where did I? + +Busy looking. + +He thrust back quick Agendath. + +Afternoon she said. + +I am looking for that. Yes, that. Try all pockets. Handker. _Freeman._ +Where did I? Ah, yes. Trousers. Potato. Purse. Where? + +Hurry. Walk quietly. Moment more. My heart. + +His hand looking for the where did I put found in his hip pocket soap +lotion have to call tepid paper stuck. Ah soap there I yes. Gate. + +Safe! + + + + +[ 9 ] + + +Urbane, to comfort them, the quaker librarian purred: + +—And we have, have we not, those priceless pages of _Wilhelm Meister_. +A great poet on a great brother poet. A hesitating soul taking arms +against a sea of troubles, torn by conflicting doubts, as one sees in +real life. + +He came a step a sinkapace forward on neatsleather creaking and a step +backward a sinkapace on the solemn floor. + +A noiseless attendant setting open the door but slightly made him a +noiseless beck. + +—Directly, said he, creaking to go, albeit lingering. The beautiful +ineffectual dreamer who comes to grief against hard facts. One always +feels that Goethe’s judgments are so true. True in the larger analysis. + +Twicreakingly analysis he corantoed off. Bald, most zealous by the door +he gave his large ear all to the attendant’s words: heard them: and was +gone. + +Two left. + +—Monsieur de la Palice, Stephen sneered, was alive fifteen minutes +before his death. + +—Have you found those six brave medicals, John Eglinton asked with +elder’s gall, to write _Paradise Lost_ at your dictation? _The Sorrows +of Satan_ he calls it. + +Smile. Smile Cranly’s smile. + + First he tickled her + Then he patted her + Then he passed the female catheter + For he was a medical + Jolly old medi... + +—I feel you would need one more for _Hamlet._ Seven is dear to the +mystic mind. The shining seven W.B. calls them. + +Glittereyed his rufous skull close to his greencapped desklamp sought +the face bearded amid darkgreener shadow, an ollav, holyeyed. He +laughed low: a sizar’s laugh of Trinity: unanswered. + + Orchestral Satan, weeping many a rood + Tears such as angels weep. + Ed egli avea del cul fatto trombetta. + +He holds my follies hostage. + +Cranly’s eleven true Wicklowmen to free their sireland. Gaptoothed +Kathleen, her four beautiful green fields, the stranger in her house. +And one more to hail him: _ave, rabbi_: the Tinahely twelve. In the +shadow of the glen he cooees for them. My soul’s youth I gave him, +night by night. God speed. Good hunting. + +Mulligan has my telegram. + +Folly. Persist. + +—Our young Irish bards, John Eglinton censured, have yet to create a +figure which the world will set beside Saxon Shakespeare’s Hamlet +though I admire him, as old Ben did, on this side idolatry. + +—All these questions are purely academic, Russell oracled out of his +shadow. I mean, whether Hamlet is Shakespeare or James I or Essex. +Clergymen’s discussions of the historicity of Jesus. Art has to reveal +to us ideas, formless spiritual essences. The supreme question about a +work of art is out of how deep a life does it spring. The painting of +Gustave Moreau is the painting of ideas. The deepest poetry of Shelley, +the words of Hamlet bring our minds into contact with the eternal +wisdom, Plato’s world of ideas. All the rest is the speculation of +schoolboys for schoolboys. + +A. E. has been telling some yankee interviewer. Wall, tarnation strike +me! + +—The schoolmen were schoolboys first, Stephen said superpolitely. +Aristotle was once Plato’s schoolboy. + +—And has remained so, one should hope, John Eglinton sedately said. One +can see him, a model schoolboy with his diploma under his arm. + +He laughed again at the now smiling bearded face. + +Formless spiritual. Father, Word and Holy Breath. Allfather, the +heavenly man. Hiesos Kristos, magician of the beautiful, the Logos who +suffers in us at every moment. This verily is that. I am the fire upon +the altar. I am the sacrificial butter. + +Dunlop, Judge, the noblest Roman of them all, A.E., Arval, the Name +Ineffable, in heaven hight: K.H., their master, whose identity is no +secret to adepts. Brothers of the great white lodge always watching to +see if they can help. The Christ with the bridesister, moisture of +light, born of an ensouled virgin, repentant sophia, departed to the +plane of buddhi. The life esoteric is not for ordinary person. O.P. +must work off bad karma first. Mrs Cooper Oakley once glimpsed our very +illustrious sister H.P.B.’s elemental. + +O, fie! Out on’t! _Pfuiteufel!_ You naughtn’t to look, missus, so you +naughtn’t when a lady’s ashowing of her elemental. + +Mr Best entered, tall, young, mild, light. He bore in his hand with +grace a notebook, new, large, clean, bright. + +—That model schoolboy, Stephen said, would find Hamlet’s musings about +the afterlife of his princely soul, the improbable, insignificant and +undramatic monologue, as shallow as Plato’s. + +John Eglinton, frowning, said, waxing wroth: + +—Upon my word it makes my blood boil to hear anyone compare Aristotle +with Plato. + +—Which of the two, Stephen asked, would have banished me from his +commonwealth? + +Unsheathe your dagger definitions. Horseness is the whatness of +allhorse. Streams of tendency and eons they worship. God: noise in the +street: very peripatetic. Space: what you damn well have to see. +Through spaces smaller than red globules of man’s blood they +creepycrawl after Blake’s buttocks into eternity of which this +vegetable world is but a shadow. Hold to the now, the here, through +which all future plunges to the past. + +Mr Best came forward, amiable, towards his colleague. + +—Haines is gone, he said. + +—Is he? + +—I was showing him Jubainville’s book. He’s quite enthusiastic, don’t +you know, about Hyde’s _Lovesongs of Connacht._ I couldn’t bring him in +to hear the discussion. He’s gone to Gill’s to buy it. + + Bound thee forth, my booklet, quick + To greet the callous public. + Writ, I ween, ’twas not my wish + In lean unlovely English. + +—The peatsmoke is going to his head, John Eglinton opined. + +We feel in England. Penitent thief. Gone. I smoked his baccy. Green +twinkling stone. An emerald set in the ring of the sea. + +—People do not know how dangerous lovesongs can be, the auric egg of +Russell warned occultly. The movements which work revolutions in the +world are born out of the dreams and visions in a peasant’s heart on +the hillside. For them the earth is not an exploitable ground but the +living mother. The rarefied air of the academy and the arena produce +the sixshilling novel, the musichall song. France produces the finest +flower of corruption in Mallarmé but the desirable life is revealed +only to the poor of heart, the life of Homer’s Phæacians. + +From these words Mr Best turned an unoffending face to Stephen. + +—Mallarmé, don’t you know, he said, has written those wonderful prose +poems Stephen MacKenna used to read to me in Paris. The one about +_Hamlet._ He says: _il se promène, lisant au livre de lui-même_, don’t +you know, _reading the book of himself_. He describes _Hamlet_ given in +a French town, don’t you know, a provincial town. They advertised it. + +His free hand graciously wrote tiny signs in air. + +_Hamlet +ou +Le Distrait +Pièce de Shakespeare_ + + +He repeated to John Eglinton’s newgathered frown: + +—_Pièce de Shakespeare_, don’t you know. It’s so French. The French +point of view. _Hamlet ou_... + +—The absentminded beggar, Stephen ended. + +John Eglinton laughed. + +—Yes, I suppose it would be, he said. Excellent people, no doubt, but +distressingly shortsighted in some matters. + +Sumptuous and stagnant exaggeration of murder. + +—A deathsman of the soul Robert Greene called him, Stephen said. Not +for nothing was he a butcher’s son, wielding the sledded poleaxe and +spitting in his palms. Nine lives are taken off for his father’s one. +Our Father who art in purgatory. Khaki Hamlets don’t hesitate to shoot. +The bloodboltered shambles in act five is a forecast of the +concentration camp sung by Mr Swinburne. + +Cranly, I his mute orderly, following battles from afar. + + Whelps and dams of murderous foes whom none + But we had spared... + +Between the Saxon smile and yankee yawp. The devil and the deep sea. + +—He will have it that _Hamlet_ is a ghoststory, John Eglinton said for +Mr Best’s behoof. Like the fat boy in Pickwick he wants to make our +flesh creep. + + List! List! O List! + + +My flesh hears him: creeping, hears. + + If thou didst ever... + + +—What is a ghost? Stephen said with tingling energy. One who has faded +into impalpability through death, through absence, through change of +manners. Elizabethan London lay as far from Stratford as corrupt Paris +lies from virgin Dublin. Who is the ghost from _limbo patrum_, +returning to the world that has forgotten him? Who is King Hamlet? + +John Eglinton shifted his spare body, leaning back to judge. + +Lifted. + +—It is this hour of a day in mid June, Stephen said, begging with a +swift glance their hearing. The flag is up on the playhouse by the +bankside. The bear Sackerson growls in the pit near it, Paris garden. +Canvasclimbers who sailed with Drake chew their sausages among the +groundlings. + +Local colour. Work in all you know. Make them accomplices. + +—Shakespeare has left the huguenot’s house in Silver street and walks +by the swanmews along the riverbank. But he does not stay to feed the +pen chivying her game of cygnets towards the rushes. The swan of Avon +has other thoughts. + +Composition of place. Ignatius Loyola, make haste to help me! + +—The play begins. A player comes on under the shadow, made up in the +castoff mail of a court buck, a wellset man with a bass voice. It is +the ghost, the king, a king and no king, and the player is Shakespeare +who has studied _Hamlet_ all the years of his life which were not +vanity in order to play the part of the spectre. He speaks the words to +Burbage, the young player who stands before him beyond the rack of +cerecloth, calling him by a name: + + Hamlet, I am thy father’s spirit, + +bidding him list. To a son he speaks, the son of his soul, the prince, +young Hamlet and to the son of his body, Hamnet Shakespeare, who has +died in Stratford that his namesake may live for ever. + +Is it possible that that player Shakespeare, a ghost by absence, and in +the vesture of buried Denmark, a ghost by death, speaking his own words +to his own son’s name (had Hamnet Shakespeare lived he would have been +prince Hamlet’s twin), is it possible, I want to know, or probable that +he did not draw or foresee the logical conclusion of those premises: +you are the dispossessed son: I am the murdered father: your mother is +the guilty queen, Ann Shakespeare, born Hathaway? + +—But this prying into the family life of a great man, Russell began +impatiently. + +Art thou there, truepenny? + +—Interesting only to the parish clerk. I mean, we have the plays. I +mean when we read the poetry of _King Lear_ what is it to us how the +poet lived? As for living our servants can do that for us, Villiers de +l’Isle has said. Peeping and prying into greenroom gossip of the day, +the poet’s drinking, the poet’s debts. We have _King Lear_: and it is +immortal. + +Mr Best’s face, appealed to, agreed. + + Flow over them with your waves and with your waters, + Mananaan, Mananaan MacLir... + +How now, sirrah, that pound he lent you when you were hungry? + +Marry, I wanted it. + +Take thou this noble. + +Go to! You spent most of it in Georgina Johnson’s bed, clergyman’s +daughter. Agenbite of inwit. + +Do you intend to pay it back? + +O, yes. + +When? Now? + +Well... No. + +When, then? + +I paid my way. I paid my way. + +Steady on. He’s from beyant Boyne water. The northeast corner. You owe +it. + +Wait. Five months. Molecules all change. I am other I now. Other I got +pound. + +Buzz. Buzz. + +But I, entelechy, form of forms, am I by memory because under +everchanging forms. + +I that sinned and prayed and fasted. + +A child Conmee saved from pandies. + +I, I and I. I. + +A.E.I.O.U. + +—Do you mean to fly in the face of the tradition of three centuries? +John Eglinton’s carping voice asked. Her ghost at least has been laid +for ever. She died, for literature at least, before she was born. + +—She died, Stephen retorted, sixtyseven years after she was born. She +saw him into and out of the world. She took his first embraces. She +bore his children and she laid pennies on his eyes to keep his eyelids +closed when he lay on his deathbed. + +Mother’s deathbed. Candle. The sheeted mirror. Who brought me into this +world lies there, bronzelidded, under few cheap flowers. _Liliata +rutilantium._ + +I wept alone. + +John Eglinton looked in the tangled glowworm of his lamp. + +—The world believes that Shakespeare made a mistake, he said, and got +out of it as quickly and as best he could. + +—Bosh! Stephen said rudely. A man of genius makes no mistakes. His +errors are volitional and are the portals of discovery. + +Portals of discovery opened to let in the quaker librarian, +softcreakfooted, bald, eared and assiduous. + +—A shrew, John Eglinton said shrewdly, is not a useful portal of +discovery, one should imagine. What useful discovery did Socrates learn +from Xanthippe? + +—Dialectic, Stephen answered: and from his mother how to bring thoughts +into the world. What he learnt from his other wife Myrto (_absit +nomen!_), Socratididion’s Epipsychidion, no man, not a woman, will ever +know. But neither the midwife’s lore nor the caudlelectures saved him +from the archons of Sinn Fein and their naggin of hemlock. + +—But Ann Hathaway? Mr Best’s quiet voice said forgetfully. Yes, we seem +to be forgetting her as Shakespeare himself forgot her. + +His look went from brooder’s beard to carper’s skull, to remind, to +chide them not unkindly, then to the baldpink lollard costard, +guiltless though maligned. + +—He had a good groatsworth of wit, Stephen said, and no truant memory. +He carried a memory in his wallet as he trudged to Romeville whistling +_The girl I left behind me._ If the earthquake did not time it we +should know where to place poor Wat, sitting in his form, the cry of +hounds, the studded bridle and her blue windows. That memory, _Venus +and Adonis_, lay in the bedchamber of every light-of-love in London. Is +Katharine the shrew illfavoured? Hortensio calls her young and +beautiful. Do you think the writer of _Antony and Cleopatra_, a +passionate pilgrim, had his eyes in the back of his head that he chose +the ugliest doxy in all Warwickshire to lie withal? Good: he left her +and gained the world of men. But his boywomen are the women of a boy. +Their life, thought, speech are lent them by males. He chose badly? He +was chosen, it seems to me. If others have their will Ann hath a way. +By cock, she was to blame. She put the comether on him, sweet and +twentysix. The greyeyed goddess who bends over the boy Adonis, stooping +to conquer, as prologue to the swelling act, is a boldfaced Stratford +wench who tumbles in a cornfield a lover younger than herself. + +And my turn? When? + +Come! + +—Ryefield, Mr Best said brightly, gladly, raising his new book, gladly, +brightly. + +He murmured then with blond delight for all: + + Between the acres of the rye + These pretty countryfolk would lie. + +Paris: the wellpleased pleaser. + +A tall figure in bearded homespun rose from shadow and unveiled its +cooperative watch. + +—I am afraid I am due at the _Homestead._ + +Whither away? Exploitable ground. + +—Are you going? John Eglinton’s active eyebrows asked. Shall we see you +at Moore’s tonight? Piper is coming. + +—Piper! Mr Best piped. Is Piper back? + +Peter Piper pecked a peck of pick of peck of pickled pepper. + +—I don’t know if I can. Thursday. We have our meeting. If I can get +away in time. + +Yogibogeybox in Dawson chambers. _Isis Unveiled._ Their Pali book we +tried to pawn. Crosslegged under an umbrel umbershoot he thrones an +Aztec logos, functioning on astral levels, their oversoul, mahamahatma. +The faithful hermetists await the light, ripe for chelaship, +ringroundabout him. Louis H. Victory. T. Caulfield Irwin. Lotus ladies +tend them i’the eyes, their pineal glands aglow. Filled with his god, +he thrones, Buddh under plantain. Gulfer of souls, engulfer. Hesouls, +shesouls, shoals of souls. Engulfed with wailing creecries, whirled, +whirling, they bewail. + + In quintessential triviality + For years in this fleshcase a shesoul dwelt. + +—They say we are to have a literary surprise, the quaker librarian +said, friendly and earnest. Mr Russell, rumour has it, is gathering +together a sheaf of our younger poets’ verses. We are all looking +forward anxiously. + +Anxiously he glanced in the cone of lamplight where three faces, +lighted, shone. + +See this. Remember. + +Stephen looked down on a wide headless caubeen, hung on his +ashplanthandle over his knee. My casque and sword. Touch lightly with +two index fingers. Aristotle’s experiment. One or two? Necessity is +that in virtue of which it is impossible that one can be otherwise. +Argal, one hat is one hat. + +Listen. + +Young Colum and Starkey. George Roberts is doing the commercial part. +Longworth will give it a good puff in the _Express._ O, will he? I +liked Colum’s _Drover._ Yes, I think he has that queer thing genius. Do +you think he has genius really? Yeats admired his line: _As in wild +earth a Grecian vase_. Did he? I hope you’ll be able to come tonight. +Malachi Mulligan is coming too. Moore asked him to bring Haines. Did +you hear Miss Mitchell’s joke about Moore and Martyn? That Moore is +Martyn’s wild oats? Awfully clever, isn’t it? They remind one of Don +Quixote and Sancho Panza. Our national epic has yet to be written, Dr +Sigerson says. Moore is the man for it. A knight of the rueful +countenance here in Dublin. With a saffron kilt? O’Neill Russell? O, +yes, he must speak the grand old tongue. And his Dulcinea? James +Stephens is doing some clever sketches. We are becoming important, it +seems. + +Cordelia. _Cordoglio._ Lir’s loneliest daughter. + +Nookshotten. Now your best French polish. + +—Thank you very much, Mr Russell, Stephen said, rising. If you will be +so kind as to give the letter to Mr Norman... + +—O, yes. If he considers it important it will go in. We have so much +correspondence. + +—I understand, Stephen said. Thanks. + +God ild you. The pigs’ paper. Bullockbefriending. + +Synge has promised me an article for _Dana_ too. Are we going to be +read? I feel we are. The Gaelic league wants something in Irish. I hope +you will come round tonight. Bring Starkey. + +Stephen sat down. + +The quaker librarian came from the leavetakers. Blushing, his mask +said: + +—Mr Dedalus, your views are most illuminating. + +He creaked to and fro, tiptoing up nearer heaven by the altitude of a +chopine, and, covered by the noise of outgoing, said low: + +—Is it your view, then, that she was not faithful to the poet? + +Alarmed face asks me. Why did he come? Courtesy or an inward light? + +—Where there is a reconciliation, Stephen said, there must have been +first a sundering. + +—Yes. + +Christfox in leather trews, hiding, a runaway in blighted treeforks, +from hue and cry. Knowing no vixen, walking lonely in the chase. Women +he won to him, tender people, a whore of Babylon, ladies of justices, +bully tapsters’ wives. Fox and geese. And in New Place a slack +dishonoured body that once was comely, once as sweet, as fresh as +cinnamon, now her leaves falling, all, bare, frighted of the narrow +grave and unforgiven. + +—Yes. So you think... + +The door closed behind the outgoer. + +Rest suddenly possessed the discreet vaulted cell, rest of warm and +brooding air. + +A vestal’s lamp. + +Here he ponders things that were not: what Cæsar would have lived to do +had he believed the soothsayer: what might have been: possibilities of +the possible as possible: things not known: what name Achilles bore +when he lived among women. + +Coffined thoughts around me, in mummycases, embalmed in spice of words. +Thoth, god of libraries, a birdgod, moonycrowned. And I heard the voice +of that Egyptian highpriest. _In painted chambers loaded with +tilebooks._ + +They are still. Once quick in the brains of men. Still: but an itch of +death is in them, to tell me in my ear a maudlin tale, urge me to wreak +their will. + +—Certainly, John Eglinton mused, of all great men he is the most +enigmatic. We know nothing but that he lived and suffered. Not even so +much. Others abide our question. A shadow hangs over all the rest. + +—But _Hamlet_ is so personal, isn’t it? Mr Best pleaded. I mean, a kind +of private paper, don’t you know, of his private life. I mean, I don’t +care a button, don’t you know, who is killed or who is guilty... + +He rested an innocent book on the edge of the desk, smiling his +defiance. His private papers in the original. _Ta an bad ar an tir. +Taim in mo shagart_. Put beurla on it, littlejohn. + +Quoth littlejohn Eglinton: + +—I was prepared for paradoxes from what Malachi Mulligan told us but I +may as well warn you that if you want to shake my belief that +Shakespeare is Hamlet you have a stern task before you. + +Bear with me. + +Stephen withstood the bane of miscreant eyes glinting stern under +wrinkled brows. A basilisk. _E quando vede l’uomo l’attosca_. Messer +Brunetto, I thank thee for the word. + +—As we, or mother Dana, weave and unweave our bodies, Stephen said, +from day to day, their molecules shuttled to and fro, so does the +artist weave and unweave his image. And as the mole on my right breast +is where it was when I was born, though all my body has been woven of +new stuff time after time, so through the ghost of the unquiet father +the image of the unliving son looks forth. In the intense instant of +imagination, when the mind, Shelley says, is a fading coal, that which +I was is that which I am and that which in possibility I may come to +be. So in the future, the sister of the past, I may see myself as I sit +here now but by reflection from that which then I shall be. + +Drummond of Hawthornden helped you at that stile. + +—Yes, Mr Best said youngly. I feel Hamlet quite young. The bitterness +might be from the father but the passages with Ophelia are surely from +the son. + +Has the wrong sow by the lug. He is in my father. I am in his son. + +—That mole is the last to go, Stephen said, laughing. + +John Eglinton made a nothing pleasing mow. + +—If that were the birthmark of genius, he said, genius would be a drug +in the market. The plays of Shakespeare’s later years which Renan +admired so much breathe another spirit. + +—The spirit of reconciliation, the quaker librarian breathed. + +—There can be no reconciliation, Stephen said, if there has not been a +sundering. + +Said that. + +—If you want to know what are the events which cast their shadow over +the hell of time of _King Lear, Othello, Hamlet, Troilus and Cressida,_ +look to see when and how the shadow lifts. What softens the heart of a +man, shipwrecked in storms dire, Tried, like another Ulysses, Pericles, +prince of Tyre? + +Head, redconecapped, buffeted, brineblinded. + +—A child, a girl, placed in his arms, Marina. + +—The leaning of sophists towards the bypaths of apocrypha is a constant +quantity, John Eglinton detected. The highroads are dreary but they +lead to the town. + +Good Bacon: gone musty. Shakespeare Bacon’s wild oats. Cypherjugglers +going the highroads. Seekers on the great quest. What town, good +masters? Mummed in names: A. E., eon: Magee, John Eglinton. East of the +sun, west of the moon: _Tir na n-og_. Booted the twain and staved. + + How many miles to Dublin? + Three score and ten, sir. + Will we be there by candlelight? + +—Mr Brandes accepts it, Stephen said, as the first play of the closing +period. + +—Does he? What does Mr Sidney Lee, or Mr Simon Lazarus as some aver his +name is, say of it? + +—Marina, Stephen said, a child of storm, Miranda, a wonder, Perdita, +that which was lost. What was lost is given back to him: his daughter’s +child. _My dearest wife_, Pericles says, _was like this maid._ Will any +man love the daughter if he has not loved the mother? + +—The art of being a grandfather, Mr Best gan murmur. _L’art d’être +grand_... + +—Will he not see reborn in her, with the memory of his own youth added, +another image? + +Do you know what you are talking about? Love, yes. Word known to all +men. _Amor vero aliquid alicui bonum vult unde et ea quae concupiscimus +..._ + +—His own image to a man with that queer thing genius is the standard of +all experience, material and moral. Such an appeal will touch him. The +images of other males of his blood will repel him. He will see in them +grotesque attempts of nature to foretell or to repeat himself. + +The benign forehead of the quaker librarian enkindled rosily with hope. + +—I hope Mr Dedalus will work out his theory for the enlightenment of +the public. And we ought to mention another Irish commentator, Mr +George Bernard Shaw. Nor should we forget Mr Frank Harris. His articles +on Shakespeare in the _Saturday Review_ were surely brilliant. Oddly +enough he too draws for us an unhappy relation with the dark lady of +the sonnets. The favoured rival is William Herbert, earl of Pembroke. I +own that if the poet must be rejected such a rejection would seem more +in harmony with—what shall I say?—our notions of what ought not to have +been. + +Felicitously he ceased and held a meek head among them, auk’s egg, +prize of their fray. + +He thous and thees her with grave husbandwords. Dost love, Miriam? Dost +love thy man? + +—That may be too, Stephen said. There’s a saying of Goethe’s which Mr +Magee likes to quote. Beware of what you wish for in youth because you +will get it in middle life. Why does he send to one who is a +_buonaroba,_ a bay where all men ride, a maid of honour with a +scandalous girlhood, a lordling to woo for him? He was himself a lord +of language and had made himself a coistrel gentleman and he had +written _Romeo and Juliet_. Why? Belief in himself has been untimely +killed. He was overborne in a cornfield first (ryefield, I should say) +and he will never be a victor in his own eyes after nor play +victoriously the game of laugh and lie down. Assumed dongiovannism will +not save him. No later undoing will undo the first undoing. The tusk of +the boar has wounded him there where love lies ableeding. If the shrew +is worsted yet there remains to her woman’s invisible weapon. There is, +I feel in the words, some goad of the flesh driving him into a new +passion, a darker shadow of the first, darkening even his own +understanding of himself. A like fate awaits him and the two rages +commingle in a whirlpool. + +They list. And in the porches of their ears I pour. + +—The soul has been before stricken mortally, a poison poured in the +porch of a sleeping ear. But those who are done to death in sleep +cannot know the manner of their quell unless their Creator endow their +souls with that knowledge in the life to come. The poisoning and the +beast with two backs that urged it King Hamlet’s ghost could not know +of were he not endowed with knowledge by his creator. That is why the +speech (his lean unlovely English) is always turned elsewhere, +backward. Ravisher and ravished, what he would but would not, go with +him from Lucrece’s bluecircled ivory globes to Imogen’s breast, bare, +with its mole cinquespotted. He goes back, weary of the creation he has +piled up to hide him from himself, an old dog licking an old sore. But, +because loss is his gain, he passes on towards eternity in undiminished +personality, untaught by the wisdom he has written or by the laws he +has revealed. His beaver is up. He is a ghost, a shadow now, the wind +by Elsinore’s rocks or what you will, the sea’s voice, a voice heard +only in the heart of him who is the substance of his shadow, the son +consubstantial with the father. + +—Amen! was responded from the doorway. + +Hast thou found me, O mine enemy? + +_Entr’acte_. + +A ribald face, sullen as a dean’s, Buck Mulligan came forward, then +blithe in motley, towards the greeting of their smiles. My telegram. + +—You were speaking of the gaseous vertebrate, if I mistake not? he +asked of Stephen. + +Primrosevested he greeted gaily with his doffed Panama as with a +bauble. + +They make him welcome. _Was Du verlachst wirst Du noch dienen._ + +Brood of mockers: Photius, pseudomalachi, Johann Most. + +He Who Himself begot middler the Holy Ghost and Himself sent Himself, +Agenbuyer, between Himself and others, Who, put upon by His fiends, +stripped and whipped, was nailed like bat to barndoor, starved on +crosstree, Who let Him bury, stood up, harrowed hell, fared into heaven +and there these nineteen hundred years sitteth on the right hand of His +Own Self but yet shall come in the latter day to doom the quick and +dead when all the quick shall be dead already. + +[Illustration] + +He lifts his hands. Veils fall. O, flowers! Bells with bells with bells +aquiring. + +—Yes, indeed, the quaker librarian said. A most instructive discussion. +Mr Mulligan, I’ll be bound, has his theory too of the play and of +Shakespeare. All sides of life should be represented. + +He smiled on all sides equally. + +Buck Mulligan thought, puzzled: + +—Shakespeare? he said. I seem to know the name. + +A flying sunny smile rayed in his loose features. + +—To be sure, he said, remembering brightly. The chap that writes like +Synge. + +Mr Best turned to him. + +—Haines missed you, he said. Did you meet him? He’ll see you after at +the D. B. C. He’s gone to Gill’s to buy Hyde’s _Lovesongs of Connacht_. + +—I came through the museum, Buck Mulligan said. Was he here? + +—The bard’s fellowcountrymen, John Eglinton answered, are rather tired +perhaps of our brilliancies of theorising. I hear that an actress +played Hamlet for the fourhundredandeighth time last night in Dublin. +Vining held that the prince was a woman. Has no-one made him out to be +an Irishman? Judge Barton, I believe, is searching for some clues. He +swears (His Highness not His Lordship) by saint Patrick. + +—The most brilliant of all is that story of Wilde’s, Mr Best said, +lifting his brilliant notebook. That _Portrait of Mr W. H._ where he +proves that the sonnets were written by a Willie Hughes, a man all +hues. + +—For Willie Hughes, is it not? the quaker librarian asked. + +Or Hughie Wills? Mr William Himself. W. H.: who am I? + +—I mean, for Willie Hughes, Mr Best said, amending his gloss easily. Of +course it’s all paradox, don’t you know, Hughes and hews and hues, the +colour, but it’s so typical the way he works it out. It’s the very +essence of Wilde, don’t you know. The light touch. + +His glance touched their faces lightly as he smiled, a blond ephebe. +Tame essence of Wilde. + +You’re darned witty. Three drams of usquebaugh you drank with Dan +Deasy’s ducats. + +How much did I spend? O, a few shillings. + +For a plump of pressmen. Humour wet and dry. + +Wit. You would give your five wits for youth’s proud livery he pranks +in. Lineaments of gratified desire. + +There be many mo. Take her for me. In pairing time. Jove, a cool +ruttime send them. Yea, turtledove her. + +Eve. Naked wheatbellied sin. A snake coils her, fang in’s kiss. + +—Do you think it is only a paradox? the quaker librarian was asking. +The mocker is never taken seriously when he is most serious. + +They talked seriously of mocker’s seriousness. + +Buck Mulligan’s again heavy face eyed Stephen awhile. Then, his head +wagging, he came near, drew a folded telegram from his pocket. His +mobile lips read, smiling with new delight. + +—Telegram! he said. Wonderful inspiration! Telegram! A papal bull! + +He sat on a corner of the unlit desk, reading aloud joyfully: + +—_The sentimentalist is he who would enjoy without incurring the +immense debtorship for a thing done._ Signed: Dedalus. Where did you +launch it from? The kips? No. College Green. Have you drunk the four +quid? The aunt is going to call on your unsubstantial father. Telegram! +Malachi Mulligan, The Ship, lower Abbey street. O, you peerless mummer! +O, you priestified Kinchite! + +Joyfully he thrust message and envelope into a pocket but keened in a +querulous brogue: + +—It’s what I’m telling you, mister honey, it’s queer and sick we were, +Haines and myself, the time himself brought it in. ’Twas murmur we did +for a gallus potion would rouse a friar, I’m thinking, and he limp with +leching. And we one hour and two hours and three hours in Connery’s +sitting civil waiting for pints apiece. + +He wailed: + +—And we to be there, mavrone, and you to be unbeknownst sending us your +conglomerations the way we to have our tongues out a yard long like the +drouthy clerics do be fainting for a pussful. + +Stephen laughed. + +Quickly, warningfully Buck Mulligan bent down. + +—The tramper Synge is looking for you, he said, to murder you. He heard +you pissed on his halldoor in Glasthule. He’s out in pampooties to +murder you. + +—Me! Stephen exclaimed. That was your contribution to literature. + +Buck Mulligan gleefully bent back, laughing to the dark eavesdropping +ceiling. + +—Murder you! he laughed. + +Harsh gargoyle face that warred against me over our mess of hash of +lights in rue Saint-André-des-Arts. In words of words for words, +palabras. Oisin with Patrick. Faunman he met in Clamart woods, +brandishing a winebottle. _C’est vendredi saint!_ Murthering Irish. His +image, wandering, he met. I mine. I met a fool i’the forest. + +—Mr Lyster, an attendant said from the door ajar. + +—... in which everyone can find his own. So Mr Justice Madden in his +_Diary of Master William Silence_ has found the hunting terms... Yes? +What is it? + +—There’s a gentleman here, sir, the attendant said, coming forward and +offering a card. From the _Freeman._ He wants to see the files of the +_Kilkenny People_ for last year. + +—Certainly, certainly, certainly. Is the gentleman?... + +He took the eager card, glanced, not saw, laid down unglanced, looked, +asked, creaked, asked: + +—Is he?... O, there! + +Brisk in a galliard he was off, out. In the daylit corridor he talked +with voluble pains of zeal, in duty bound, most fair, most kind, most +honest broadbrim. + +—This gentleman? _Freeman’s Journal? Kilkenny People?_ To be sure. Good +day, sir. _Kilkenny_... We have certainly... + +A patient silhouette waited, listening. + +—All the leading provincial... _Northern Whig, Cork Examiner, +Enniscorthy Guardian,_ 1903... Will you please?... Evans, conduct this +gentleman... If you just follow the atten... Or, please allow me... +This way... Please, sir... + +Voluble, dutiful, he led the way to all the provincial papers, a bowing +dark figure following his hasty heels. + +The door closed. + +—The sheeny! Buck Mulligan cried. + +He jumped up and snatched the card. + +—What’s his name? Ikey Moses? Bloom. + +He rattled on: + +—Jehovah, collector of prepuces, is no more. I found him over in the +museum where I went to hail the foamborn Aphrodite. The Greek mouth +that has never been twisted in prayer. Every day we must do homage to +her. _Life of life, thy lips enkindle._ + +Suddenly he turned to Stephen: + +—He knows you. He knows your old fellow. O, I fear me, he is Greeker +than the Greeks. His pale Galilean eyes were upon her mesial groove. +Venus Kallipyge. O, the thunder of those loins! _The god pursuing the +maiden hid_. + +—We want to hear more, John Eglinton decided with Mr Best’s approval. +We begin to be interested in Mrs S. Till now we had thought of her, if +at all, as a patient Griselda, a Penelope stayathome. + +—Antisthenes, pupil of Gorgias, Stephen said, took the palm of beauty +from Kyrios Menelaus’ brooddam, Argive Helen, the wooden mare of Troy +in whom a score of heroes slept, and handed it to poor Penelope. Twenty +years he lived in London and, during part of that time, he drew a +salary equal to that of the lord chancellor of Ireland. His life was +rich. His art, more than the art of feudalism as Walt Whitman called +it, is the art of surfeit. Hot herringpies, green mugs of sack, +honeysauces, sugar of roses, marchpane, gooseberried pigeons, +ringocandies. Sir Walter Raleigh, when they arrested him, had half a +million francs on his back including a pair of fancy stays. The +gombeenwoman Eliza Tudor had underlinen enough to vie with her of +Sheba. Twenty years he dallied there between conjugial love and its +chaste delights and scortatory love and its foul pleasures. You know +Manningham’s story of the burgher’s wife who bade Dick Burbage to her +bed after she had seen him in _Richard III_ and how Shakespeare, +overhearing, without more ado about nothing, took the cow by the horns +and, when Burbage came knocking at the gate, answered from the capon’s +blankets: _William the conqueror came before Richard III_. And the gay +lakin, mistress Fitton, mount and cry O, and his dainty birdsnies, lady +Penelope Rich, a clean quality woman is suited for a player, and the +punks of the bankside, a penny a time. + +Cours la Reine. _Encore vingt sous. Nous ferons de petites +cochonneries. Minette? Tu veux?_ + +—The height of fine society. And sir William Davenant of Oxford’s +mother with her cup of canary for any cockcanary. + +Buck Mulligan, his pious eyes upturned, prayed: + +—Blessed Margaret Mary Anycock! + +—And Harry of six wives’ daughter. And other lady friends from +neighbour seats as Lawn Tennyson, gentleman poet, sings. But all those +twenty years what do you suppose poor Penelope in Stratford was doing +behind the diamond panes? + +Do and do. Thing done. In a rosery of Fetter lane of Gerard, herbalist, +he walks, greyedauburn. An azured harebell like her veins. Lids of +Juno’s eyes, violets. He walks. One life is all. One body. Do. But do. +Afar, in a reek of lust and squalor, hands are laid on whiteness. + +Buck Mulligan rapped John Eglinton’s desk sharply. + +—Whom do you suspect? he challenged. + +—Say that he is the spurned lover in the sonnets. Once spurned twice +spurned. But the court wanton spurned him for a lord, his dearmylove. + +Love that dare not speak its name. + +—As an Englishman, you mean, John sturdy Eglinton put in, he loved a +lord. + +Old wall where sudden lizards flash. At Charenton I watched them. + +—It seems so, Stephen said, when he wants to do for him, and for all +other and singular uneared wombs, the holy office an ostler does for +the stallion. Maybe, like Socrates, he had a midwife to mother as he +had a shrew to wife. But she, the giglot wanton, did not break a +bedvow. Two deeds are rank in that ghost’s mind: a broken vow and the +dullbrained yokel on whom her favour has declined, deceased husband’s +brother. Sweet Ann, I take it, was hot in the blood. Once a wooer, +twice a wooer. + +Stephen turned boldly in his chair. + +—The burden of proof is with you not with me, he said frowning. If you +deny that in the fifth scene of _Hamlet_ he has branded her with infamy +tell me why there is no mention of her during the thirtyfour years +between the day she married him and the day she buried him. All those +women saw their men down and under: Mary, her goodman John, Ann, her +poor dear Willun, when he went and died on her, raging that he was the +first to go, Joan, her four brothers, Judith, her husband and all her +sons, Susan, her husband too, while Susan’s daughter, Elizabeth, to use +granddaddy’s words, wed her second, having killed her first. + +O, yes, mention there is. In the years when he was living richly in +royal London to pay a debt she had to borrow forty shillings from her +father’s shepherd. Explain you then. Explain the swansong too wherein +he has commended her to posterity. + +He faced their silence. + +To whom thus Eglinton: You mean the will. +But that has been explained, I believe, by jurists. +She was entitled to her widow’s dower +At common law. His legal knowledge was great +Our judges tell us. + Him Satan fleers, +Mocker: + And therefore he left out her name +From the first draft but he did not leave out +The presents for his granddaughter, for his daughters, +For his sister, for his old cronies in Stratford +And in London. And therefore when he was urged, +As I believe, to name her +He left her his +Secondbest +Bed. + + _Punkt._ + +Leftherhis +Secondbest +Leftherhis +Bestabed +Secabest +Leftabed. + +Woa! + +—Pretty countryfolk had few chattels then, John Eglinton observed, as +they have still if our peasant plays are true to type. + +—He was a rich country gentleman, Stephen said, with a coat of arms and +landed estate at Stratford and a house in Ireland yard, a capitalist +shareholder, a bill promoter, a tithefarmer. Why did he not leave her +his best bed if he wished her to snore away the rest of her nights in +peace? + +—It is clear that there were two beds, a best and a secondbest, Mr +Secondbest Best said finely. + +—_Separatio a mensa et a thalamo_, bettered Buck Mulligan and was +smiled on. + +—Antiquity mentions famous beds, Second Eglinton puckered, bedsmiling. +Let me think. + +—Antiquity mentions that Stagyrite schoolurchin and bald heathen sage, +Stephen said, who when dying in exile frees and endows his slaves, pays +tribute to his elders, wills to be laid in earth near the bones of his +dead wife and bids his friends be kind to an old mistress (don’t forget +Nell Gwynn Herpyllis) and let her live in his villa. + +—Do you mean he died so? Mr Best asked with slight concern. I mean... + +—He died dead drunk, Buck Mulligan capped. A quart of ale is a dish for +a king. O, I must tell you what Dowden said! + +—What? asked Besteglinton. + +William Shakespeare and company, limited. The people’s William. For +terms apply: E. Dowden, Highfield house... + +—Lovely! Buck Mulligan suspired amorously. I asked him what he thought +of the charge of pederasty brought against the bard. He lifted his +hands and said: _All we can say is that life ran very high in those +days._ Lovely! + +Catamite. + +—The sense of beauty leads us astray, said beautifulinsadness Best to +ugling Eglinton. + +Steadfast John replied severe: + +—The doctor can tell us what those words mean. You cannot eat your cake +and have it. + +Sayest thou so? Will they wrest from us, from me, the palm of beauty? + +—And the sense of property, Stephen said. He drew Shylock out of his +own long pocket. The son of a maltjobber and moneylender he was himself +a cornjobber and moneylender, with ten tods of corn hoarded in the +famine riots. His borrowers are no doubt those divers of worship +mentioned by Chettle Falstaff who reported his uprightness of dealing. +He sued a fellowplayer for the price of a few bags of malt and exacted +his pound of flesh in interest for every money lent. How else could +Aubrey’s ostler and callboy get rich quick? All events brought grist to +his mill. Shylock chimes with the jewbaiting that followed the hanging +and quartering of the queen’s leech Lopez, his jew’s heart being +plucked forth while the sheeny was yet alive: _Hamlet_ and _Macbeth_ +with the coming to the throne of a Scotch philosophaster with a turn +for witchroasting. The lost armada is his jeer in _Love’s Labour Lost_. +His pageants, the histories, sail fullbellied on a tide of Mafeking +enthusiasm. Warwickshire jesuits are tried and we have a porter’s +theory of equivocation. The _Sea Venture_ comes home from Bermudas and +the play Renan admired is written with Patsy Caliban, our American +cousin. The sugared sonnets follow Sidney’s. As for fay Elizabeth, +otherwise carrotty Bess, the gross virgin who inspired _The Merry Wives +of Windsor_, let some meinherr from Almany grope his life long for +deephid meanings in the depths of the buckbasket. + +I think you’re getting on very nicely. Just mix up a mixture of +theolologicophilolological. _Mingo, minxi, mictum, mingere._ + +—Prove that he was a jew, John Eglinton dared, expectantly. Your dean +of studies holds he was a holy Roman. + +_Sufflaminandus sum._ + +—He was made in Germany, Stephen replied, as the champion French +polisher of Italian scandals. + +—A myriadminded man, Mr Best reminded. Coleridge called him +myriadminded. + +_Amplius. In societate humana hoc est maxime necessarium ut sit +amicitia inter multos._ + +—Saint Thomas, Stephen began... + +—_Ora pro nobis_, Monk Mulligan groaned, sinking to a chair. + +There he keened a wailing rune. + +—_Pogue mahone! Acushla machree!_ It’s destroyed we are from this day! +It’s destroyed we are surely! + +All smiled their smiles. + +—Saint Thomas, Stephen smiling said, whose gorbellied works I enjoy +reading in the original, writing of incest from a standpoint different +from that of the new Viennese school Mr Magee spoke of, likens it in +his wise and curious way to an avarice of the emotions. He means that +the love so given to one near in blood is covetously withheld from some +stranger who, it may be, hungers for it. Jews, whom christians tax with +avarice, are of all races the most given to intermarriage. Accusations +are made in anger. The christian laws which built up the hoards of the +jews (for whom, as for the lollards, storm was shelter) bound their +affections too with hoops of steel. Whether these be sins or virtues +old Nobodaddy will tell us at doomsday leet. But a man who holds so +tightly to what he calls his rights over what he calls his debts will +hold tightly also to what he calls his rights over her whom he calls +his wife. No sir smile neighbour shall covet his ox or his wife or his +manservant or his maidservant or his jackass. + +—Or his jennyass, Buck Mulligan antiphoned. + +—Gentle Will is being roughly handled, gentle Mr Best said gently. + +—Which will? gagged sweetly Buck Mulligan. We are getting mixed. + +—The will to live, John Eglinton philosophised, for poor Ann, Will’s +widow, is the will to die. + +_—Requiescat!_ Stephen prayed. + + What of all the will to do? + It has vanished long ago... + +—She lies laid out in stark stiffness in that secondbest bed, the +mobled queen, even though you prove that a bed in those days was as +rare as a motorcar is now and that its carvings were the wonder of +seven parishes. In old age she takes up with gospellers (one stayed +with her at New Place and drank a quart of sack the town council paid +for but in which bed he slept it skills not to ask) and heard she had a +soul. She read or had read to her his chapbooks preferring them to the +_Merry Wives_ and, loosing her nightly waters on the jordan, she +thought over _Hooks and Eyes for Believers’ Breeches_ and _The most +Spiritual Snuffbox to Make the Most Devout Souls Sneeze_. Venus has +twisted her lips in prayer. Agenbite of inwit: remorse of conscience. +It is an age of exhausted whoredom groping for its god. + +—History shows that to be true, _inquit Eglintonus Chronolologos_. The +ages succeed one another. But we have it on high authority that a man’s +worst enemies shall be those of his own house and family. I feel that +Russell is right. What do we care for his wife or father? I should say +that only family poets have family lives. Falstaff was not a family +man. I feel that the fat knight is his supreme creation. + +Lean, he lay back. Shy, deny thy kindred, the unco guid. Shy, supping +with the godless, he sneaks the cup. A sire in Ultonian Antrim bade it +him. Visits him here on quarter days. Mr Magee, sir, there’s a +gentleman to see you. Me? Says he’s your father, sir. Give me my +Wordsworth. Enter Magee Mor Matthew, a rugged rough rugheaded kern, in +strossers with a buttoned codpiece, his nether stocks bemired with +clauber of ten forests, a wand of wilding in his hand. + +Your own? He knows your old fellow. The widower. + +Hurrying to her squalid deathlair from gay Paris on the quayside I +touched his hand. The voice, new warmth, speaking. Dr Bob Kenny is +attending her. The eyes that wish me well. But do not know me. + +—A father, Stephen said, battling against hopelessness, is a necessary +evil. He wrote the play in the months that followed his father’s death. +If you hold that he, a greying man with two marriageable daughters, +with thirtyfive years of life, _nel mezzo del cammin di nostra vita_, +with fifty of experience, is the beardless undergraduate from +Wittenberg then you must hold that his seventyyear old mother is the +lustful queen. No. The corpse of John Shakespeare does not walk the +night. From hour to hour it rots and rots. He rests, disarmed of +fatherhood, having devised that mystical estate upon his son. +Boccaccio’s Calandrino was the first and last man who felt himself with +child. Fatherhood, in the sense of conscious begetting, is unknown to +man. It is a mystical estate, an apostolic succession, from only +begetter to only begotten. On that mystery and not on the madonna which +the cunning Italian intellect flung to the mob of Europe the church is +founded and founded irremovably because founded, like the world, macro +and microcosm, upon the void. Upon incertitude, upon unlikelihood. +_Amor matris_, subjective and objective genitive, may be the only true +thing in life. Paternity may be a legal fiction. Who is the father of +any son that any son should love him or he any son? + +What the hell are you driving at? + +I know. Shut up. Blast you. I have reasons. + +_Amplius. Adhuc. Iterum. Postea._ + +Are you condemned to do this? + +—They are sundered by a bodily shame so steadfast that the criminal +annals of the world, stained with all other incests and bestialities, +hardly record its breach. Sons with mothers, sires with daughters, +lesbic sisters, loves that dare not speak their name, nephews with +grandmothers, jailbirds with keyholes, queens with prize bulls. The son +unborn mars beauty: born, he brings pain, divides affection, increases +care. He is a new male: his growth is his father’s decline, his youth +his father’s envy, his friend his father’s enemy. + +In rue Monsieur-le-Prince I thought it. + +—What links them in nature? An instant of blind rut. + +Am I a father? If I were? + +Shrunken uncertain hand. + +—Sabellius, the African, subtlest heresiarch of all the beasts of the +field, held that the Father was Himself His Own Son. The bulldog of +Aquin, with whom no word shall be impossible, refutes him. Well: if the +father who has not a son be not a father can the son who has not a +father be a son? When Rutlandbaconsouthamptonshakespeare or another +poet of the same name in the comedy of errors wrote _Hamlet_ he was not +the father of his own son merely but, being no more a son, he was and +felt himself the father of all his race, the father of his own +grandfather, the father of his unborn grandson who, by the same token, +never was born, for nature, as Mr Magee understands her, abhors +perfection. + +Eglintoneyes, quick with pleasure, looked up shybrightly. Gladly +glancing, a merry puritan, through the twisted eglantine. + +Flatter. Rarely. But flatter. + +—Himself his own father, Sonmulligan told himself. Wait. I am big with +child. I have an unborn child in my brain. Pallas Athena! A play! The +play’s the thing! Let me parturiate! + +He clasped his paunchbrow with both birthaiding hands. + +—As for his family, Stephen said, his mother’s name lives in the forest +of Arden. Her death brought from him the scene with Volumnia in +_Coriolanus._ His boyson’s death is the deathscene of young Arthur in +_King John._ Hamlet, the black prince, is Hamnet Shakespeare. Who the +girls in _The Tempest_, in _Pericles,_ in _Winter’s Tale_ are we know. +Who Cleopatra, fleshpot of Egypt, and Cressid and Venus are we may +guess. But there is another member of his family who is recorded. + +—The plot thickens, John Eglinton said. + +The quaker librarian, quaking, tiptoed in, quake, his mask, quake, with +haste, quake, quack. + +Door closed. Cell. Day. + +They list. Three. They. + +I you he they. + +Come, mess. + +STEPHEN: He had three brothers, Gilbert, Edmund, Richard. Gilbert in +his old age told some cavaliers he got a pass for nowt from Maister +Gatherer one time mass he did and he seen his brud Maister Wull the +playwriter up in Lunnon in a wrastling play wud a man on’s back. The +playhouse sausage filled Gilbert’s soul. He is nowhere: but an Edmund +and a Richard are recorded in the works of sweet William. + +MAGEEGLINJOHN: Names! What’s in a name? + +BEST: That is my name, Richard, don’t you know. I hope you are going to +say a good word for Richard, don’t you know, for my sake. _(Laughter)_ + +BUCKMULLIGAN: (_Piano, diminuendo_) + + Then outspoke medical Dick + To his comrade medical Davy... + +STEPHEN: In his trinity of black Wills, the villain shakebags, Iago, +Richard Crookback, Edmund in _King Lear_, two bear the wicked uncles’ +names. Nay, that last play was written or being written while his +brother Edmund lay dying in Southwark. + +BEST: I hope Edmund is going to catch it. I don’t want Richard, my name +... + +_(Laughter)_ + +QUAKERLYSTER: (_A tempo_) But he that filches from me my good name... + +STEPHEN: _(Stringendo)_ He has hidden his own name, a fair name, +William, in the plays, a super here, a clown there, as a painter of old +Italy set his face in a dark corner of his canvas. He has revealed it +in the sonnets where there is Will in overplus. Like John o’Gaunt his +name is dear to him, as dear as the coat and crest he toadied for, on a +bend sable a spear or steeled argent, honorificabilitudinitatibus, +dearer than his glory of greatest shakescene in the country. What’s in +a name? That is what we ask ourselves in childhood when we write the +name that we are told is ours. A star, a daystar, a firedrake, rose at +his birth. It shone by day in the heavens alone, brighter than Venus in +the night, and by night it shone over delta in Cassiopeia, the +recumbent constellation which is the signature of his initial among the +stars. His eyes watched it, lowlying on the horizon, eastward of the +bear, as he walked by the slumberous summer fields at midnight +returning from Shottery and from her arms. + +Both satisfied. I too. + +Don’t tell them he was nine years old when it was quenched. + +And from her arms. + +Wait to be wooed and won. Ay, meacock. Who will woo you? + +Read the skies. _Autontimorumenos. Bous Stephanoumenos._ Where’s your +configuration? Stephen, Stephen, cut the bread even. S. D: _sua donna. +Già: di lui. Gelindo risolve di non amare S. D._ + +—What is that, Mr Dedalus? the quaker librarian asked. Was it a +celestial phenomenon? + +—A star by night, Stephen said. A pillar of the cloud by day. + +What more’s to speak? + +Stephen looked on his hat, his stick, his boots. + +_Stephanos,_ my crown. My sword. His boots are spoiling the shape of my +feet. Buy a pair. Holes in my socks. Handkerchief too. + +—You make good use of the name, John Eglinton allowed. Your own name is +strange enough. I suppose it explains your fantastical humour. + +Me, Magee and Mulligan. + +Fabulous artificer. The hawklike man. You flew. Whereto? +Newhaven-Dieppe, steerage passenger. Paris and back. Lapwing. Icarus. +_Pater, ait._ Seabedabbled, fallen, weltering. Lapwing you are. Lapwing +be. + +Mr Best eagerquietly lifted his book to say: + +—That’s very interesting because that brother motive, don’t you know, +we find also in the old Irish myths. Just what you say. The three +brothers Shakespeare. In Grimm too, don’t you know, the fairytales. The +third brother that always marries the sleeping beauty and wins the best +prize. + +Best of Best brothers. Good, better, best. + +The quaker librarian springhalted near. + +—I should like to know, he said, which brother you... I understand you +to suggest there was misconduct with one of the brothers... But perhaps +I am anticipating? + +He caught himself in the act: looked at all: refrained. + +An attendant from the doorway called: + +—Mr Lyster! Father Dineen wants... + +—O, Father Dineen! Directly. + +Swiftly rectly creaking rectly rectly he was rectly gone. + +John Eglinton touched the foil. + +—Come, he said. Let us hear what you have to say of Richard and Edmund. +You kept them for the last, didn’t you? + +—In asking you to remember those two noble kinsmen nuncle Richie and +nuncle Edmund, Stephen answered, I feel I am asking too much perhaps. A +brother is as easily forgotten as an umbrella. + +Lapwing. + +Where is your brother? Apothecaries’ hall. My whetstone. Him, then +Cranly, Mulligan: now these. Speech, speech. But act. Act speech. They +mock to try you. Act. Be acted on. + +Lapwing. + +I am tired of my voice, the voice of Esau. My kingdom for a drink. + +On. + +—You will say those names were already in the chronicles from which he +took the stuff of his plays. Why did he take them rather than others? +Richard, a whoreson crookback, misbegotten, makes love to a widowed Ann +(what’s in a name?), woos and wins her, a whoreson merry widow. Richard +the conqueror, third brother, came after William the conquered. The +other four acts of that play hang limply from that first. Of all his +kings Richard is the only king unshielded by Shakespeare’s reverence, +the angel of the world. Why is the underplot of _King Lear_ in which +Edmund figures lifted out of Sidney’s _Arcadia_ and spatchcocked on to +a Celtic legend older than history? + +—That was Will’s way, John Eglinton defended. We should not now combine +a Norse saga with an excerpt from a novel by George Meredith. _Que +voulez-vous?_ Moore would say. He puts Bohemia on the seacoast and +makes Ulysses quote Aristotle. + +—Why? Stephen answered himself. Because the theme of the false or the +usurping or the adulterous brother or all three in one is to +Shakespeare, what the poor are not, always with him. The note of +banishment, banishment from the heart, banishment from home, sounds +uninterruptedly from _The Two Gentlemen of Verona_ onward till Prospero +breaks his staff, buries it certain fathoms in the earth and drowns his +book. It doubles itself in the middle of his life, reflects itself in +another, repeats itself, protasis, epitasis, catastasis, catastrophe. +It repeats itself again when he is near the grave, when his married +daughter Susan, chip of the old block, is accused of adultery. But it +was the original sin that darkened his understanding, weakened his will +and left in him a strong inclination to evil. The words are those of my +lords bishops of Maynooth. An original sin and, like original sin, +committed by another in whose sin he too has sinned. It is between the +lines of his last written words, it is petrified on his tombstone under +which her four bones are not to be laid. Age has not withered it. +Beauty and peace have not done it away. It is in infinite variety +everywhere in the world he has created, in _Much Ado about Nothing_, +twice in _As you like It_, in _The Tempest_, in _Hamlet,_ in _Measure +for Measure_—and in all the other plays which I have not read. + +He laughed to free his mind from his mind’s bondage. + +Judge Eglinton summed up. + +—The truth is midway, he affirmed. He is the ghost and the prince. He +is all in all. + +—He is, Stephen said. The boy of act one is the mature man of act five. +All in all. In _Cymbeline,_ in _Othello_ he is bawd and cuckold. He +acts and is acted on. Lover of an ideal or a perversion, like José he +kills the real Carmen. His unremitting intellect is the hornmad Iago +ceaselessly willing that the moor in him shall suffer. + +—Cuckoo! Cuckoo! Cuck Mulligan clucked lewdly. O word of fear! + +Dark dome received, reverbed. + +—And what a character is Iago! undaunted John Eglinton exclaimed. When +all is said Dumas _fils_ (or is it Dumas _père?)_ is right. After God +Shakespeare has created most. + +—Man delights him not nor woman neither, Stephen said. He returns after +a life of absence to that spot of earth where he was born, where he has +always been, man and boy, a silent witness and there, his journey of +life ended, he plants his mulberrytree in the earth. Then dies. The +motion is ended. Gravediggers bury Hamlet _père_ and Hamlet _fils._ A +king and a prince at last in death, with incidental music. And, what +though murdered and betrayed, bewept by all frail tender hearts for, +Dane or Dubliner, sorrow for the dead is the only husband from whom +they refuse to be divorced. If you like the epilogue look long on it: +prosperous Prospero, the good man rewarded, Lizzie, grandpa’s lump of +love, and nuncle Richie, the bad man taken off by poetic justice to the +place where the bad niggers go. Strong curtain. He found in the world +without as actual what was in his world within as possible. Maeterlinck +says: _If Socrates leave his house today he will find the sage seated +on his doorstep. If Judas go forth tonight it is to Judas his steps +will tend._ Every life is many days, day after day. We walk through +ourselves, meeting robbers, ghosts, giants, old men, young men, wives, +widows, brothers-in-love, but always meeting ourselves. The playwright +who wrote the folio of this world and wrote it badly (He gave us light +first and the sun two days later), the lord of things as they are whom +the most Roman of catholics call _dio boia_, hangman god, is doubtless +all in all in all of us, ostler and butcher, and would be bawd and +cuckold too but that in the economy of heaven, foretold by Hamlet, +there are no more marriages, glorified man, an androgynous angel, being +a wife unto himself. + +_—Eureka!_ Buck Mulligan cried. _Eureka!_ + +Suddenly happied he jumped up and reached in a stride John Eglinton’s +desk. + +—May I? he said. The Lord has spoken to Malachi. + +He began to scribble on a slip of paper. + +Take some slips from the counter going out. + +—Those who are married, Mr Best, douce herald, said, all save one, +shall live. The rest shall keep as they are. + +He laughed, unmarried, at Eglinton Johannes, of arts a bachelor. + +Unwed, unfancied, ware of wiles, they fingerponder nightly each his +variorum edition of _The Taming of the Shrew._ + +—You are a delusion, said roundly John Eglinton to Stephen. You have +brought us all this way to show us a French triangle. Do you believe +your own theory? + +—No, Stephen said promptly. + +—Are you going to write it? Mr Best asked. You ought to make it a +dialogue, don’t you know, like the Platonic dialogues Wilde wrote. + +John Eclecticon doubly smiled. + +—Well, in that case, he said, I don’t see why you should expect payment +for it since you don’t believe it yourself. Dowden believes there is +some mystery in _Hamlet_ but will say no more. Herr Bleibtreu, the man +Piper met in Berlin, who is working up that Rutland theory, believes +that the secret is hidden in the Stratford monument. He is going to +visit the present duke, Piper says, and prove to him that his ancestor +wrote the plays. It will come as a surprise to his grace. But he +believes his theory. + +I believe, O Lord, help my unbelief. That is, help me to believe or +help me to unbelieve? Who helps to believe? _Egomen._ Who to unbelieve? +Other chap. + +—You are the only contributor to _Dana_ who asks for pieces of silver. +Then I don’t know about the next number. Fred Ryan wants space for an +article on economics. + +Fraidrine. Two pieces of silver he lent me. Tide you over. Economics. + +—For a guinea, Stephen said, you can publish this interview. + +Buck Mulligan stood up from his laughing scribbling, laughing: and then +gravely said, honeying malice: + +—I called upon the bard Kinch at his summer residence in upper +Mecklenburgh street and found him deep in the study of the _Summa +contra Gentiles_ in the company of two gonorrheal ladies, Fresh Nelly +and Rosalie, the coalquay whore. + +He broke away. + +—Come, Kinch. Come, wandering Ængus of the birds. + +Come, Kinch. You have eaten all we left. Ay. I will serve you your orts +and offals. + +Stephen rose. + +Life is many days. This will end. + +—We shall see you tonight, John Eglinton said. _Notre ami_ Moore says +Malachi Mulligan must be there. + +Buck Mulligan flaunted his slip and panama. + +—Monsieur Moore, he said, lecturer on French letters to the youth of +Ireland. I’ll be there. Come, Kinch, the bards must drink. Can you walk +straight? + +Laughing, he... + +Swill till eleven. Irish nights entertainment. + +Lubber... + +Stephen followed a lubber... + +One day in the national library we had a discussion. Shakes. After. His +lub back: I followed. I gall his kibe. + +Stephen, greeting, then all amort, followed a lubber jester, a +wellkempt head, newbarbered, out of the vaulted cell into a shattering +daylight of no thought. + +What have I learned? Of them? Of me? + +Walk like Haines now. + +The constant readers’ room. In the readers’ book Cashel Boyle O’Connor +Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell parafes his polysyllables. Item: was Hamlet +mad? The quaker’s pate godlily with a priesteen in booktalk. + +—O please do, sir... I shall be most pleased... + +Amused Buck Mulligan mused in pleasant murmur with himself, +selfnodding: + +—A pleased bottom. + +The turnstile. + +Is that?... Blueribboned hat... Idly writing... What? Looked?... + +The curving balustrade: smoothsliding Mincius. + +Puck Mulligan, panamahelmeted, went step by step, iambing, trolling: + + John Eglinton, my jo, John, + Why won’t you wed a wife? + +He spluttered to the air: + +—O, the chinless Chinaman! Chin Chon Eg Lin Ton. We went over to their +playbox, Haines and I, the plumbers’ hall. Our players are creating a +new art for Europe like the Greeks or M. Maeterlinck. Abbey Theatre! I +smell the pubic sweat of monks. + +He spat blank. + +Forgot: any more than he forgot the whipping lousy Lucy gave him. And +left the _femme de trente ans._ And why no other children born? And his +first child a girl? + +Afterwit. Go back. + +The dour recluse still there (he has his cake) and the douce youngling, +minion of pleasure, Phedo’s toyable fair hair. + +Eh... I just eh... wanted... I forgot... he... + +—Longworth and M’Curdy Atkinson were there... + +Puck Mulligan footed featly, trilling: + + I hardly hear the purlieu cry + Or a Tommy talk as I pass one by + Before my thoughts begin to run + On F. M’Curdy Atkinson, + The same that had the wooden leg + And that filibustering filibeg + That never dared to slake his drouth, + Magee that had the chinless mouth. + Being afraid to marry on earth + They masturbated for all they were worth. + +Jest on. Know thyself. + +Halted, below me, a quizzer looks at me. I halt. + +—Mournful mummer, Buck Mulligan moaned. Synge has left off wearing +black to be like nature. Only crows, priests and English coal are +black. + +A laugh tripped over his lips. + +—Longworth is awfully sick, he said, after what you wrote about that +old hake Gregory. O you inquisitional drunken jewjesuit! She gets you a +job on the paper and then you go and slate her drivel to Jaysus. +Couldn’t you do the Yeats touch? + +He went on and down, mopping, chanting with waving graceful arms: + +—The most beautiful book that has come out of our country in my time. +One thinks of Homer. + +He stopped at the stairfoot. + +—I have conceived a play for the mummers, he said solemnly. + +The pillared Moorish hall, shadows entwined. Gone the nine men’s +morrice with caps of indices. + +In sweetly varying voices Buck Mulligan read his tablet: + +_Everyman His Own Wife +or +A Honeymoon in the Hand +(a national immorality in three orgasms) +by +Ballocky Mulligan._ + + +He turned a happy patch’s smirk to Stephen, saying: + +—The disguise, I fear, is thin. But listen. + +He read, _marcato:_ + +—Characters: + + TOBY TOSTOFF (a ruined Pole) + CRAB (a bushranger) + MEDICAL DICK ) + and ) (two birds with one stone) + MEDICAL DAVY ) + MOTHER GROGAN (a watercarrier) + FRESH NELLY + and + ROSALIE (the coalquay whore). + +He laughed, lolling a to and fro head, walking on, followed by Stephen: +and mirthfully he told the shadows, souls of men: + +—O, the night in the Camden hall when the daughters of Erin had to lift +their skirts to step over you as you lay in your mulberrycoloured, +multicoloured, multitudinous vomit! + +—The most innocent son of Erin, Stephen said, for whom they ever lifted +them. + +About to pass through the doorway, feeling one behind, he stood aside. + +Part. The moment is now. Where then? If Socrates leave his house today, +if Judas go forth tonight. Why? That lies in space which I in time must +come to, ineluctably. + +My will: his will that fronts me. Seas between. + +A man passed out between them, bowing, greeting. + +—Good day again, Buck Mulligan said. + +The portico. + +Here I watched the birds for augury. Ængus of the birds. They go, they +come. Last night I flew. Easily flew. Men wondered. Street of harlots +after. A creamfruit melon he held to me. In. You will see. + +—The wandering jew, Buck Mulligan whispered with clown’s awe. Did you +see his eye? He looked upon you to lust after you. I fear thee, ancient +mariner. O, Kinch, thou art in peril. Get thee a breechpad. + +Manner of Oxenford. + +Day. Wheelbarrow sun over arch of bridge. + +A dark back went before them, step of a pard, down, out by the gateway, +under portcullis barbs. + +They followed. + +Offend me still. Speak on. + +Kind air defined the coigns of houses in Kildare street. No birds. +Frail from the housetops two plumes of smoke ascended, pluming, and in +a flaw of softness softly were blown. + +Cease to strive. Peace of the druid priests of Cymbeline: hierophantic: +from wide earth an altar. + + Laud we the gods + And let our crooked smokes climb to their nostrils + From our bless’d altars. + + + + +[ 10 ] + + +The superior, the very reverend John Conmee S. J. reset his smooth +watch in his interior pocket as he came down the presbytery steps. Five +to three. Just nice time to walk to Artane. What was that boy’s name +again? Dignam. Yes. _Vere dignum et iustum est._ Brother Swan was the +person to see. Mr Cunningham’s letter. Yes. Oblige him, if possible. +Good practical catholic: useful at mission time. + +A onelegged sailor, swinging himself onward by lazy jerks of his +crutches, growled some notes. He jerked short before the convent of the +sisters of charity and held out a peaked cap for alms towards the very +reverend John Conmee S. J. Father Conmee blessed him in the sun for his +purse held, he knew, one silver crown. + +Father Conmee crossed to Mountjoy square. He thought, but not for long, +of soldiers and sailors, whose legs had been shot off by cannonballs, +ending their days in some pauper ward, and of cardinal Wolsey’s words: +_If I had served my God as I have served my king He would not have +abandoned me in my old days._ He walked by the treeshade of +sunnywinking leaves: and towards him came the wife of Mr David Sheehy +M.P. + +—Very well, indeed, father. And you, father? + +Father Conmee was wonderfully well indeed. He would go to Buxton +probably for the waters. And her boys, were they getting on well at +Belvedere? Was that so? Father Conmee was very glad indeed to hear +that. And Mr Sheehy himself? Still in London. The house was still +sitting, to be sure it was. Beautiful weather it was, delightful +indeed. Yes, it was very probable that Father Bernard Vaughan would +come again to preach. O, yes: a very great success. A wonderful man +really. + +Father Conmee was very glad to see the wife of Mr David Sheehy M.P. +Iooking so well and he begged to be remembered to Mr David Sheehy M.P. +Yes, he would certainly call. + +—Good afternoon, Mrs Sheehy. + +Father Conmee doffed his silk hat and smiled, as he took leave, at the +jet beads of her mantilla inkshining in the sun. And smiled yet again, +in going. He had cleaned his teeth, he knew, with arecanut paste. + +Father Conmee walked and, walking, smiled for he thought on Father +Bernard Vaughan’s droll eyes and cockney voice. + +—Pilate! Wy don’t you old back that owlin mob? + +A zealous man, however. Really he was. And really did great good in his +way. Beyond a doubt. He loved Ireland, he said, and he loved the Irish. +Of good family too would one think it? Welsh, were they not? + +O, lest he forget. That letter to father provincial. + +Father Conmee stopped three little schoolboys at the corner of Mountjoy +square. Yes: they were from Belvedere. The little house. Aha. And were +they good boys at school? O. That was very good now. And what was his +name? Jack Sohan. And his name? Ger. Gallaher. And the other little +man? His name was Brunny Lynam. O, that was a very nice name to have. + +Father Conmee gave a letter from his breast to Master Brunny Lynam and +pointed to the red pillarbox at the corner of Fitzgibbon street. + +—But mind you don’t post yourself into the box, little man, he said. + +The boys sixeyed Father Conmee and laughed: + +—O, sir. + +—Well, let me see if you can post a letter, Father Conmee said. + +Master Brunny Lynam ran across the road and put Father Conmee’s letter +to father provincial into the mouth of the bright red letterbox. Father +Conmee smiled and nodded and smiled and walked along Mountjoy square +east. + +Mr Denis J Maginni, professor of dancing &c, in silk hat, slate +frockcoat with silk facings, white kerchief tie, tight lavender +trousers, canary gloves and pointed patent boots, walking with grave +deportment most respectfully took the curbstone as he passed lady +Maxwell at the corner of Dignam’s court. + +Was that not Mrs M’Guinness? + +Mrs M’Guinness, stately, silverhaired, bowed to Father Conmee from the +farther footpath along which she sailed. And Father Conmee smiled and +saluted. How did she do? + +A fine carriage she had. Like Mary, queen of Scots, something. And to +think that she was a pawnbroker! Well, now! Such a... what should he +say?... such a queenly mien. + +Father Conmee walked down Great Charles street and glanced at the +shutup free church on his left. The reverend T. R. Greene B.A. will +(D.V.) speak. The incumbent they called him. He felt it incumbent on +him to say a few words. But one should be charitable. Invincible +ignorance. They acted according to their lights. + +Father Conmee turned the corner and walked along the North Circular +road. It was a wonder that there was not a tramline in such an +important thoroughfare. Surely, there ought to be. + +A band of satchelled schoolboys crossed from Richmond street. All +raised untidy caps. Father Conmee greeted them more than once benignly. +Christian brother boys. + +Father Conmee smelt incense on his right hand as he walked. Saint +Joseph’s church, Portland row. For aged and virtuous females. Father +Conmee raised his hat to the Blessed Sacrament. Virtuous: but +occasionally they were also badtempered. + +Near Aldborough house Father Conmee thought of that spendthrift +nobleman. And now it was an office or something. + +Father Conmee began to walk along the North Strand road and was saluted +by Mr William Gallagher who stood in the doorway of his shop. Father +Conmee saluted Mr William Gallagher and perceived the odours that came +from baconflitches and ample cools of butter. He passed Grogan’s the +Tobacconist against which newsboards leaned and told of a dreadful +catastrophe in New York. In America those things were continually +happening. Unfortunate people to die like that, unprepared. Still, an +act of perfect contrition. + +Father Conmee went by Daniel Bergin’s publichouse against the window of +which two unlabouring men lounged. They saluted him and were saluted. + +Father Conmee passed H. J. O’Neill’s funeral establishment where Corny +Kelleher totted figures in the daybook while he chewed a blade of hay. +A constable on his beat saluted Father Conmee and Father Conmee saluted +the constable. In Youkstetter’s, the porkbutcher’s, Father Conmee +observed pig’s puddings, white and black and red, lie neatly curled in +tubes. + +Moored under the trees of Charleville Mall Father Conmee saw a +turfbarge, a towhorse with pendent head, a bargeman with a hat of dirty +straw seated amidships, smoking and staring at a branch of poplar above +him. It was idyllic: and Father Conmee reflected on the providence of +the Creator who had made turf to be in bogs whence men might dig it out +and bring it to town and hamlet to make fires in the houses of poor +people. + +On Newcomen bridge the very reverend John Conmee S. J. of saint Francis +Xavier’s church, upper Gardiner street, stepped on to an outward bound +tram. + +Off an inward bound tram stepped the reverend Nicholas Dudley C. C. of +saint Agatha’s church, north William street, on to Newcomen bridge. + +At Newcomen bridge Father Conmee stepped into an outward bound tram for +he disliked to traverse on foot the dingy way past Mud Island. + +Father Conmee sat in a corner of the tramcar, a blue ticket tucked with +care in the eye of one plump kid glove, while four shillings, a +sixpence and five pennies chuted from his other plump glovepalm into +his purse. Passing the ivy church he reflected that the ticket +inspector usually made his visit when one had carelessly thrown away +the ticket. The solemnity of the occupants of the car seemed to Father +Conmee excessive for a journey so short and cheap. Father Conmee liked +cheerful decorum. + +It was a peaceful day. The gentleman with the glasses opposite Father +Conmee had finished explaining and looked down. His wife, Father Conmee +supposed. A tiny yawn opened the mouth of the wife of the gentleman +with the glasses. She raised her small gloved fist, yawned ever so +gently, tiptapping her small gloved fist on her opening mouth and +smiled tinily, sweetly. + +Father Conmee perceived her perfume in the car. He perceived also that +the awkward man at the other side of her was sitting on the edge of the +seat. + +Father Conmee at the altarrails placed the host with difficulty in the +mouth of the awkward old man who had the shaky head. + +At Annesley bridge the tram halted and, when it was about to go, an old +woman rose suddenly from her place to alight. The conductor pulled the +bellstrap to stay the car for her. She passed out with her basket and a +marketnet: and Father Conmee saw the conductor help her and net and +basket down: and Father Conmee thought that, as she had nearly passed +the end of the penny fare, she was one of those good souls who had +always to be told twice _bless you, my child,_ that they have been +absolved, _pray for me._ But they had so many worries in life, so many +cares, poor creatures. + +From the hoardings Mr Eugene Stratton grimaced with thick niggerlips at +Father Conmee. + +Father Conmee thought of the souls of black and brown and yellow men +and of his sermon on saint Peter Claver S. J. and the African mission +and of the propagation of the faith and of the millions of black and +brown and yellow souls that had not received the baptism of water when +their last hour came like a thief in the night. That book by the +Belgian jesuit, _Le Nombre des Élus,_ seemed to Father Conmee a +reasonable plea. Those were millions of human souls created by God in +His Own likeness to whom the faith had not (D.V.) been brought. But +they were God’s souls, created by God. It seemed to Father Conmee a +pity that they should all be lost, a waste, if one might say. + +At the Howth road stop Father Conmee alighted, was saluted by the +conductor and saluted in his turn. + +The Malahide road was quiet. It pleased Father Conmee, road and name. +The joybells were ringing in gay Malahide. Lord Talbot de Malahide, +immediate hereditary lord admiral of Malahide and the seas adjoining. +Then came the call to arms and she was maid, wife and widow in one day. +Those were old worldish days, loyal times in joyous townlands, old +times in the barony. + +Father Conmee, walking, thought of his little book _Old Times in the +Barony_ and of the book that might be written about jesuit houses and +of Mary Rochfort, daughter of lord Molesworth, first countess of +Belvedere. + +A listless lady, no more young, walked alone the shore of lough Ennel, +Mary, first countess of Belvedere, listlessly walking in the evening, +not startled when an otter plunged. Who could know the truth? Not the +jealous lord Belvedere and not her confessor if she had not committed +adultery fully, _eiaculatio seminis inter vas naturale mulieris,_ with +her husband’s brother? She would half confess if she had not all sinned +as women did. Only God knew and she and he, her husband’s brother. + +Father Conmee thought of that tyrannous incontinence, needed however +for man’s race on earth, and of the ways of God which were not our +ways. + +Don John Conmee walked and moved in times of yore. He was humane and +honoured there. He bore in mind secrets confessed and he smiled at +smiling noble faces in a beeswaxed drawingroom, ceiled with full fruit +clusters. And the hands of a bride and of a bridegroom, noble to noble, +were impalmed by Don John Conmee. + +It was a charming day. + +The lychgate of a field showed Father Conmee breadths of cabbages, +curtseying to him with ample underleaves. The sky showed him a flock of +small white clouds going slowly down the wind. _Moutonner,_ the French +said. A just and homely word. + +Father Conmee, reading his office, watched a flock of muttoning clouds +over Rathcoffey. His thinsocked ankles were tickled by the stubble of +Clongowes field. He walked there, reading in the evening, and heard the +cries of the boys’ lines at their play, young cries in the quiet +evening. He was their rector: his reign was mild. + +Father Conmee drew off his gloves and took his rededged breviary out. +An ivory bookmark told him the page. + +Nones. He should have read that before lunch. But lady Maxwell had +come. + +Father Conmee read in secret _Pater_ and _Ave_ and crossed his breast. +_Deus in adiutorium._ + +He walked calmly and read mutely the nones, walking and reading till he +came to _Res_ in _Beati immaculati: Principium verborum tuorum veritas: +in eternum omnia iudicia iustitiæ tuæ._ + +A flushed young man came from a gap of a hedge and after him came a +young woman with wild nodding daisies in her hand. The young man raised +his cap abruptly: the young woman abruptly bent and with slow care +detached from her light skirt a clinging twig. + +Father Conmee blessed both gravely and turned a thin page of his +breviary. _Sin: Principes persecuti sunt me gratis: et a verbis tuis +formidavit cor meum._ + +* * * + + +Corny Kelleher closed his long daybook and glanced with his drooping +eye at a pine coffinlid sentried in a corner. He pulled himself erect, +went to it and, spinning it on its axle, viewed its shape and brass +furnishings. Chewing his blade of hay he laid the coffinlid by and came +to the doorway. There he tilted his hatbrim to give shade to his eyes +and leaned against the doorcase, looking idly out. + +Father John Conmee stepped into the Dollymount tram on Newcomen bridge. + +Corny Kelleher locked his largefooted boots and gazed, his hat +downtilted, chewing his blade of hay. + +Constable 57C, on his beat, stood to pass the time of day. + +—That’s a fine day, Mr Kelleher. + +—Ay, Corny Kelleher said. + +—It’s very close, the constable said. + +Corny Kelleher sped a silent jet of hayjuice arching from his mouth +while a generous white arm from a window in Eccles street flung forth a +coin. + +—What’s the best news? he asked. + +—I seen that particular party last evening, the constable said with +bated breath. + +* * * + + +A onelegged sailor crutched himself round MacConnell’s corner, skirting +Rabaiotti’s icecream car, and jerked himself up Eccles street. Towards +Larry O’Rourke, in shirtsleeves in his doorway, he growled unamiably: + +—_For England_... + +He swung himself violently forward past Katey and Boody Dedalus, halted +and growled: + +—_home and beauty._ + +J. J. O’Molloy’s white careworn face was told that Mr Lambert was in +the warehouse with a visitor. + +A stout lady stopped, took a copper coin from her purse and dropped it +into the cap held out to her. The sailor grumbled thanks, glanced +sourly at the unheeding windows, sank his head and swung himself +forward four strides. + +He halted and growled angrily: + +—_For England_... + +Two barefoot urchins, sucking long liquorice laces, halted near him, +gaping at his stump with their yellowslobbered mouths. + +He swung himself forward in vigorous jerks, halted, lifted his head +towards a window and bayed deeply: + +—_home and beauty._ + +The gay sweet chirping whistling within went on a bar or two, ceased. +The blind of the window was drawn aside. A card _Unfurnished +Apartments_ slipped from the sash and fell. A plump bare generous arm +shone, was seen, held forth from a white petticoatbodice and taut +shiftstraps. A woman’s hand flung forth a coin over the area railings. +It fell on the path. + +One of the urchins ran to it, picked it up and dropped it into the +minstrel’s cap, saying: + +—There, sir. + +* * * + + +Katey and Boody Dedalus shoved in the door of the closesteaming +kitchen. + +—Did you put in the books? Boody asked. + +Maggy at the range rammed down a greyish mass beneath bubbling suds +twice with her potstick and wiped her brow. + +—They wouldn’t give anything on them, she said. + +Father Conmee walked through Clongowes fields, his thinsocked ankles +tickled by stubble. + +—Where did you try? Boody asked. + +—M’Guinness’s. + +Boody stamped her foot and threw her satchel on the table. + +—Bad cess to her big face! she cried. + +Katey went to the range and peered with squinting eyes. + +—What’s in the pot? she asked. + +—Shirts, Maggy said. + +Boody cried angrily: + +—Crickey, is there nothing for us to eat? + +Katey, lifting the kettlelid in a pad of her stained skirt, asked: + +—And what’s in this? + +A heavy fume gushed in answer. + +—Peasoup, Maggy said. + +—Where did you get it? Katey asked. + +—Sister Mary Patrick, Maggy said. + +The lacquey rang his bell. + +—Barang! + +Boody sat down at the table and said hungrily: + +—Give us it here. + +Maggy poured yellow thick soup from the kettle into a bowl. Katey, +sitting opposite Boody, said quietly, as her fingertip lifted to her +mouth random crumbs: + +—A good job we have that much. Where’s Dilly? + +—Gone to meet father, Maggy said. + +Boody, breaking big chunks of bread into the yellow soup, added: + +—Our father who art not in heaven. + +Maggy, pouring yellow soup in Katey’s bowl, exclaimed: + +—Boody! For shame! + +A skiff, a crumpled throwaway, Elijah is coming, rode lightly down the +Liffey, under Loopline bridge, shooting the rapids where water chafed +around the bridgepiers, sailing eastward past hulls and anchorchains, +between the Customhouse old dock and George’s quay. + +* * * + + +The blond girl in Thornton’s bedded the wicker basket with rustling +fibre. Blazes Boylan handed her the bottle swathed in pink tissue paper +and a small jar. + +—Put these in first, will you? he said. + +—Yes, sir, the blond girl said. And the fruit on top. + +—That’ll do, game ball, Blazes Boylan said. + +She bestowed fat pears neatly, head by tail, and among them ripe +shamefaced peaches. + +Blazes Boylan walked here and there in new tan shoes about the +fruitsmelling shop, lifting fruits, young juicy crinkled and plump red +tomatoes, sniffing smells. + +H. E. L. Y.’S filed before him, tallwhitehatted, past Tangier lane, +plodding towards their goal. + +He turned suddenly from a chip of strawberries, drew a gold watch from +his fob and held it at its chain’s length. + +—Can you send them by tram? Now? + +A darkbacked figure under Merchants’ arch scanned books on the hawker’s +cart. + +—Certainly, sir. Is it in the city? + +—O, yes, Blazes Boylan said. Ten minutes. + +The blond girl handed him a docket and pencil. + +—Will you write the address, sir? + +Blazes Boylan at the counter wrote and pushed the docket to her. + +—Send it at once, will you? he said. It’s for an invalid. + +—Yes, sir. I will, sir. + +Blazes Boylan rattled merry money in his trousers’ pocket. + +—What’s the damage? he asked. + +The blond girl’s slim fingers reckoned the fruits. + +Blazes Boylan looked into the cut of her blouse. A young pullet. He +took a red carnation from the tall stemglass. + +—This for me? he asked gallantly. + +The blond girl glanced sideways at him, got up regardless, with his tie +a bit crooked, blushing. + +—Yes, sir, she said. + +Bending archly she reckoned again fat pears and blushing peaches. + +Blazes Boylan looked in her blouse with more favour, the stalk of the +red flower between his smiling teeth. + +—May I say a word to your telephone, missy? he asked roguishly. + +* * * + + +_—Ma!_ Almidano Artifoni said. + +He gazed over Stephen’s shoulder at Goldsmith’s knobby poll. + +Two carfuls of tourists passed slowly, their women sitting fore, +gripping the handrests. Palefaces. Men’s arms frankly round their +stunted forms. They looked from Trinity to the blind columned porch of +the bank of Ireland where pigeons roocoocooed. + +—_Anch’io ho avuto di queste idee_, Almidano Artifoni said, _quand’ ero +giovine come Lei. Eppoi mi sono convinto che il mondo è una bestia. È +peccato. Perchè la sua voce... sarebbe un cespite di rendita, via. +Invece, Lei si sacrifica._ + +—_Sacrifizio incruento,_ Stephen said smiling, swaying his ashplant in +slow swingswong from its midpoint, lightly. + +_—Speriamo,_ the round mustachioed face said pleasantly. _Ma, dia retta +a me. Ci rifletta_. + +By the stern stone hand of Grattan, bidding halt, an Inchicore tram +unloaded straggling Highland soldiers of a band. + +—_Ci rifletterò,_ Stephen said, glancing down the solid trouserleg. + +—_Ma, sul serio, eh?_ Almidano Artifoni said. + +His heavy hand took Stephen’s firmly. Human eyes. They gazed curiously +an instant and turned quickly towards a Dalkey tram. + +_—Eccolo,_ Almidano Artifoni said in friendly haste. _Venga a trovarmi +e ci pensi. Addio, caro._ + +—_Arrivederla, maestro,_ Stephen said, raising his hat when his hand +was freed. _E grazie._ + +—_Di che?_ Almidano Artifoni said. _Scusi, eh? Tante belle cose!_ + +Almidano Artifoni, holding up a baton of rolled music as a signal, +trotted on stout trousers after the Dalkey tram. In vain he trotted, +signalling in vain among the rout of barekneed gillies smuggling +implements of music through Trinity gates. + +* * * + + +Miss Dunne hid the Capel street library copy of _The Woman in White_ +far back in her drawer and rolled a sheet of gaudy notepaper into her +typewriter. + +Too much mystery business in it. Is he in love with that one, Marion? +Change it and get another by Mary Cecil Haye. + +The disk shot down the groove, wobbled a while, ceased and ogled them: +six. + +Miss Dunne clicked on the keyboard: + +—16 June 1904. + +Five tallwhitehatted sandwichmen between Monypeny’s corner and the slab +where Wolfe Tone’s statue was not, eeled themselves turning H. E. L. +Y.’S and plodded back as they had come. + +Then she stared at the large poster of Marie Kendall, charming +soubrette, and, listlessly lolling, scribbled on the jotter sixteens +and capital esses. Mustard hair and dauby cheeks. She’s not +nicelooking, is she? The way she’s holding up her bit of a skirt. +Wonder will that fellow be at the band tonight. If I could get that +dressmaker to make a concertina skirt like Susy Nagle’s. They kick out +grand. Shannon and all the boatclub swells never took his eyes off her. +Hope to goodness he won’t keep me here till seven. + +The telephone rang rudely by her ear. + +—Hello. Yes, sir. No, sir. Yes, sir. I’ll ring them up after five. Only +those two, sir, for Belfast and Liverpool. All right, sir. Then I can +go after six if you’re not back. A quarter after. Yes, sir. Twentyseven +and six. I’ll tell him. Yes: one, seven, six. + +She scribbled three figures on an envelope. + +—Mr Boylan! Hello! That gentleman from _Sport_ was in looking for you. +Mr Lenehan, yes. He said he’ll be in the Ormond at four. No, sir. Yes, +sir. I’ll ring them up after five. + +* * * + + +Two pink faces turned in the flare of the tiny torch. + +—Who’s that? Ned Lambert asked. Is that Crotty? + +—Ringabella and Crosshaven, a voice replied groping for foothold. + +—Hello, Jack, is that yourself? Ned Lambert said, raising in salute his +pliant lath among the flickering arches. Come on. Mind your steps +there. + +The vesta in the clergyman’s uplifted hand consumed itself in a long +soft flame and was let fall. At their feet its red speck died: and +mouldy air closed round them. + +—How interesting! a refined accent said in the gloom. + +—Yes, sir, Ned Lambert said heartily. We are standing in the historic +council chamber of saint Mary’s abbey where silken Thomas proclaimed +himself a rebel in 1534. This is the most historic spot in all Dublin. +O’Madden Burke is going to write something about it one of these days. +The old bank of Ireland was over the way till the time of the union and +the original jews’ temple was here too before they built their +synagogue over in Adelaide road. You were never here before, Jack, were +you? + +—No, Ned. + +—He rode down through Dame walk, the refined accent said, if my memory +serves me. The mansion of the Kildares was in Thomas court. + +—That’s right, Ned Lambert said. That’s quite right, sir. + +—If you will be so kind then, the clergyman said, the next time to +allow me perhaps... + +—Certainly, Ned Lambert said. Bring the camera whenever you like. I’ll +get those bags cleared away from the windows. You can take it from here +or from here. + +In the still faint light he moved about, tapping with his lath the +piled seedbags and points of vantage on the floor. + +From a long face a beard and gaze hung on a chessboard. + +—I’m deeply obliged, Mr Lambert, the clergyman said. I won’t trespass +on your valuable time... + +—You’re welcome, sir, Ned Lambert said. Drop in whenever you like. Next +week, say. Can you see? + +—Yes, yes. Good afternoon, Mr Lambert. Very pleased to have met you. + +—Pleasure is mine, sir, Ned Lambert answered. + +He followed his guest to the outlet and then whirled his lath away +among the pillars. With J. J. O’Molloy he came forth slowly into Mary’s +abbey where draymen were loading floats with sacks of carob and palmnut +meal, O’Connor, Wexford. + +He stood to read the card in his hand. + +—The reverend Hugh C. Love, Rathcoffey. Present address: Saint +Michael’s, Sallins. Nice young chap he is. He’s writing a book about +the Fitzgeralds he told me. He’s well up in history, faith. + +The young woman with slow care detached from her light skirt a clinging +twig. + +—I thought you were at a new gunpowder plot, J. J. O’Molloy said. + +Ned Lambert cracked his fingers in the air. + +—God! he cried. I forgot to tell him that one about the earl of Kildare +after he set fire to Cashel cathedral. You know that one? _I’m bloody +sorry I did it,_ says he, _but I declare to God I thought the +archbishop was inside._ He mightn’t like it, though. What? God, I’ll +tell him anyhow. That was the great earl, the Fitzgerald Mor. Hot +members they were all of them, the Geraldines. + +The horses he passed started nervously under their slack harness. He +slapped a piebald haunch quivering near him and cried: + +—Woa, sonny! + +He turned to J. J. O’Molloy and asked: + +—Well, Jack. What is it? What’s the trouble? Wait awhile. Hold hard. + +With gaping mouth and head far back he stood still and, after an +instant, sneezed loudly. + +—Chow! he said. Blast you! + +—The dust from those sacks, J. J. O’Molloy said politely. + +—No, Ned Lambert gasped, I caught a... cold night before... blast your +soul... night before last... and there was a hell of a lot of +draught... + +He held his handkerchief ready for the coming... + +—I was... Glasnevin this morning... poor little... what do you call +him... Chow!... Mother of Moses! + +* * * + + +Tom Rochford took the top disk from the pile he clasped against his +claret waistcoat. + +—See? he said. Say it’s turn six. In here, see. Turn Now On. + +He slid it into the left slot for them. It shot down the groove, +wobbled a while, ceased, ogling them: six. + +Lawyers of the past, haughty, pleading, beheld pass from the +consolidated taxing office to Nisi Prius court Richie Goulding carrying +the costbag of Goulding, Collis and Ward and heard rustling from the +admiralty division of king’s bench to the court of appeal an elderly +female with false teeth smiling incredulously and a black silk skirt of +great amplitude. + +—See? he said. See now the last one I put in is over here: Turns Over. +The impact. Leverage, see? + +He showed them the rising column of disks on the right. + +—Smart idea, Nosey Flynn said, snuffling. So a fellow coming in late +can see what turn is on and what turns are over. + +—See? Tom Rochford said. + +He slid in a disk for himself: and watched it shoot, wobble, ogle, +stop: four. Turn Now On. + +—I’ll see him now in the Ormond, Lenehan said, and sound him. One good +turn deserves another. + +—Do, Tom Rochford said. Tell him I’m Boylan with impatience. + +—Goodnight, M’Coy said abruptly. When you two begin... + +Nosey Flynn stooped towards the lever, snuffling at it. + +—But how does it work here, Tommy? he asked. + +—Tooraloo, Lenehan said. See you later. + +He followed M’Coy out across the tiny square of Crampton court. + +—He’s a hero, he said simply. + +—I know, M’Coy said. The drain, you mean. + +—Drain? Lenehan said. It was down a manhole. + +They passed Dan Lowry’s musichall where Marie Kendall, charming +soubrette, smiled on them from a poster a dauby smile. + +Going down the path of Sycamore street beside the Empire musichall +Lenehan showed M’Coy how the whole thing was. One of those manholes +like a bloody gaspipe and there was the poor devil stuck down in it, +half choked with sewer gas. Down went Tom Rochford anyhow, booky’s vest +and all, with the rope round him. And be damned but he got the rope +round the poor devil and the two were hauled up. + +—The act of a hero, he said. + +At the Dolphin they halted to allow the ambulance car to gallop past +them for Jervis street. + +—This way, he said, walking to the right. I want to pop into Lynam’s to +see Sceptre’s starting price. What’s the time by your gold watch and +chain? + +M’Coy peered into Marcus Tertius Moses’ sombre office, then at +O’Neill’s clock. + +—After three, he said. Who’s riding her? + +—O. Madden, Lenehan said. And a game filly she is. + +While he waited in Temple bar M’Coy dodged a banana peel with gentle +pushes of his toe from the path to the gutter. Fellow might damn easy +get a nasty fall there coming along tight in the dark. + +The gates of the drive opened wide to give egress to the viceregal +cavalcade. + +—Even money, Lenehan said returning. I knocked against Bantam Lyons in +there going to back a bloody horse someone gave him that hasn’t an +earthly. Through here. + +They went up the steps and under Merchants’ arch. A darkbacked figure +scanned books on the hawker’s cart. + +—There he is, Lenehan said. + +—Wonder what he’s buying, M’Coy said, glancing behind. + +—_Leopoldo or the Bloom is on the Rye,_ Lenehan said. + +—He’s dead nuts on sales, M’Coy said. I was with him one day and he +bought a book from an old one in Liffey street for two bob. There were +fine plates in it worth double the money, the stars and the moon and +comets with long tails. Astronomy it was about. + +Lenehan laughed. + +—I’ll tell you a damn good one about comets’ tails, he said. Come over +in the sun. + +They crossed to the metal bridge and went along Wellington quay by the +riverwall. + +Master Patrick Aloysius Dignam came out of Mangan’s, late Fehrenbach’s, +carrying a pound and a half of porksteaks. + +—There was a long spread out at Glencree reformatory, Lenehan said +eagerly. The annual dinner, you know. Boiled shirt affair. The lord +mayor was there, Val Dillon it was, and sir Charles Cameron and Dan +Dawson spoke and there was music. Bartell d’Arcy sang and Benjamin +Dollard... + +—I know, M’Coy broke in. My missus sang there once. + +—Did she? Lenehan said. + +A card _Unfurnished Apartments_ reappeared on the windowsash of number +7 Eccles street. + +He checked his tale a moment but broke out in a wheezy laugh. + +—But wait till I tell you, he said. Delahunt of Camden street had the +catering and yours truly was chief bottlewasher. Bloom and the wife +were there. Lashings of stuff we put up: port wine and sherry and +curacoa to which we did ample justice. Fast and furious it was. After +liquids came solids. Cold joints galore and mince pies... + +—I know, M’Coy said. The year the missus was there... + +Lenehan linked his arm warmly. + +—But wait till I tell you, he said. We had a midnight lunch too after +all the jollification and when we sallied forth it was blue o’clock the +morning after the night before. Coming home it was a gorgeous winter’s +night on the Featherbed Mountain. Bloom and Chris Callinan were on one +side of the car and I was with the wife on the other. We started +singing glees and duets: _Lo, the early beam of morning_. She was well +primed with a good load of Delahunt’s port under her bellyband. Every +jolt the bloody car gave I had her bumping up against me. Hell’s +delights! She has a fine pair, God bless her. Like that. + +He held his caved hands a cubit from him, frowning: + +—I was tucking the rug under her and settling her boa all the time. +Know what I mean? + +His hands moulded ample curves of air. He shut his eyes tight in +delight, his body shrinking, and blew a sweet chirp from his lips. + +—The lad stood to attention anyhow, he said with a sigh. She’s a gamey +mare and no mistake. Bloom was pointing out all the stars and the +comets in the heavens to Chris Callinan and the jarvey: the great bear +and Hercules and the dragon, and the whole jingbang lot. But, by God, I +was lost, so to speak, in the milky way. He knows them all, faith. At +last she spotted a weeny weeshy one miles away. _And what star is that, +Poldy?_ says she. By God, she had Bloom cornered. _That one, is it?_ +says Chris Callinan, _sure that’s only what you might call a pinprick._ +By God, he wasn’t far wide of the mark. + +Lenehan stopped and leaned on the riverwall, panting with soft +laughter. + +—I’m weak, he gasped. + +M’Coy’s white face smiled about it at instants and grew grave. Lenehan +walked on again. He lifted his yachtingcap and scratched his hindhead +rapidly. He glanced sideways in the sunlight at M’Coy. + +—He’s a cultured allroundman, Bloom is, he said seriously. He’s not one +of your common or garden... you know... There’s a touch of the artist +about old Bloom. + +* * * + + +Mr Bloom turned over idly pages of _The Awful Disclosures of Maria +Monk_, then of Aristotle’s _Masterpiece._ Crooked botched print. +Plates: infants cuddled in a ball in bloodred wombs like livers of +slaughtered cows. Lots of them like that at this moment all over the +world. All butting with their skulls to get out of it. Child born every +minute somewhere. Mrs Purefoy. + +He laid both books aside and glanced at the third: _Tales of the +Ghetto_ by Leopold von Sacher Masoch. + +—That I had, he said, pushing it by. + +The shopman let two volumes fall on the counter. + +—Them are two good ones, he said. + +Onions of his breath came across the counter out of his ruined mouth. +He bent to make a bundle of the other books, hugged them against his +unbuttoned waistcoat and bore them off behind the dingy curtain. + +On O’Connell bridge many persons observed the grave deportment and gay +apparel of Mr Denis J Maginni, professor of dancing &c. + +Mr Bloom, alone, looked at the titles. _Fair Tyrants_ by James +Lovebirch. Know the kind that is. Had it? Yes. + +He opened it. Thought so. + +A woman’s voice behind the dingy curtain. Listen: the man. + +No: she wouldn’t like that much. Got her it once. + +He read the other title: _Sweets of Sin_. More in her line. Let us see. + +He read where his finger opened. + +_—All the dollarbills her husband gave her were spent in the stores on +wondrous gowns and costliest frillies. For him! For Raoul!_ + +Yes. This. Here. Try. + +—_Her mouth glued on his in a luscious voluptuous kiss while his hands +felt for the opulent curves inside her déshabillé._ + +Yes. Take this. The end. + +—You are late, he spoke hoarsely, eying her with a suspicious glare. + +The beautiful woman threw off her sabletrimmed wrap, displaying her +queenly shoulders and heaving embonpoint. An imperceptible smile played +round her perfect lips as she turned to him calmly. + +Mr Bloom read again: _The beautiful woman._ + +Warmth showered gently over him, cowing his flesh. Flesh yielded amply +amid rumpled clothes: whites of eyes swooning up. His nostrils arched +themselves for prey. Melting breast ointments (_for him! For Raoul!_). +Armpits’ oniony sweat. Fishgluey slime (_her heaving embonpoint!_). +Feel! Press! Crished! Sulphur dung of lions! + +Young! Young! + +An elderly female, no more young, left the building of the courts of +chancery, king’s bench, exchequer and common pleas, having heard in the +lord chancellor’s court the case in lunacy of Potterton, in the +admiralty division the summons, exparte motion, of the owners of the +Lady Cairns versus the owners of the barque Mona, in the court of +appeal reservation of judgment in the case of Harvey versus the Ocean +Accident and Guarantee Corporation. + +Phlegmy coughs shook the air of the bookshop, bulging out the dingy +curtains. The shopman’s uncombed grey head came out and his unshaven +reddened face, coughing. He raked his throat rudely, puked phlegm on +the floor. He put his boot on what he had spat, wiping his sole along +it, and bent, showing a rawskinned crown, scantily haired. + +Mr Bloom beheld it. + +Mastering his troubled breath, he said: + +—I’ll take this one. + +The shopman lifted eyes bleared with old rheum. + +—_Sweets of Sin,_ he said, tapping on it. That’s a good one. + +* * * + + +The lacquey by the door of Dillon’s auctionrooms shook his handbell +twice again and viewed himself in the chalked mirror of the cabinet. + +Dilly Dedalus, loitering by the curbstone, heard the beats of the bell, +the cries of the auctioneer within. Four and nine. Those lovely +curtains. Five shillings. Cosy curtains. Selling new at two guineas. +Any advance on five shillings? Going for five shillings. + +The lacquey lifted his handbell and shook it: + +—Barang! + +Bang of the lastlap bell spurred the halfmile wheelmen to their sprint. +J. A. Jackson, W. E. Wylie, A. Munro and H. T. Gahan, their stretched +necks wagging, negotiated the curve by the College library. + +Mr Dedalus, tugging a long moustache, came round from Williams’s row. +He halted near his daughter. + +—It’s time for you, she said. + +—Stand up straight for the love of the lord Jesus, Mr Dedalus said. Are +you trying to imitate your uncle John, the cornetplayer, head upon +shoulder? Melancholy God! + +Dilly shrugged her shoulders. Mr Dedalus placed his hands on them and +held them back. + +—Stand up straight, girl, he said. You’ll get curvature of the spine. +Do you know what you look like? + +He let his head sink suddenly down and forward, hunching his shoulders +and dropping his underjaw. + +—Give it up, father, Dilly said. All the people are looking at you. + +Mr Dedalus drew himself upright and tugged again at his moustache. + +—Did you get any money? Dilly asked. + +—Where would I get money? Mr Dedalus said. There is no-one in Dublin +would lend me fourpence. + +—You got some, Dilly said, looking in his eyes. + +—How do you know that? Mr Dedalus asked, his tongue in his cheek. + +Mr Kernan, pleased with the order he had booked, walked boldly along +James’s street. + +—I know you did, Dilly answered. Were you in the Scotch house now? + +—I was not, then, Mr Dedalus said, smiling. Was it the little nuns +taught you to be so saucy? Here. + +He handed her a shilling. + +—See if you can do anything with that, he said. + +—I suppose you got five, Dilly said. Give me more than that. + +—Wait awhile, Mr Dedalus said threateningly. You’re like the rest of +them, are you? An insolent pack of little bitches since your poor +mother died. But wait awhile. You’ll all get a short shrift and a long +day from me. Low blackguardism! I’m going to get rid of you. Wouldn’t +care if I was stretched out stiff. He’s dead. The man upstairs is dead. + +He left her and walked on. Dilly followed quickly and pulled his coat. + +—Well, what is it? he said, stopping. + +The lacquey rang his bell behind their backs. + +—Barang! + +—Curse your bloody blatant soul, Mr Dedalus cried, turning on him. + +The lacquey, aware of comment, shook the lolling clapper of his bell +but feebly: + +—Bang! + +Mr Dedalus stared at him. + +—Watch him, he said. It’s instructive. I wonder will he allow us to +talk. + +—You got more than that, father, Dilly said. + +—I’m going to show you a little trick, Mr Dedalus said. I’ll leave you +all where Jesus left the jews. Look, there’s all I have. I got two +shillings from Jack Power and I spent twopence for a shave for the +funeral. + +He drew forth a handful of copper coins, nervously. + +—Can’t you look for some money somewhere? Dilly said. + +Mr Dedalus thought and nodded. + +—I will, he said gravely. I looked all along the gutter in O’Connell +street. I’ll try this one now. + +—You’re very funny, Dilly said, grinning. + +—Here, Mr Dedalus said, handing her two pennies. Get a glass of milk +for yourself and a bun or a something. I’ll be home shortly. + +He put the other coins in his pocket and started to walk on. + +The viceregal cavalcade passed, greeted by obsequious policemen, out of +Parkgate. + +—I’m sure you have another shilling, Dilly said. + +The lacquey banged loudly. + +Mr Dedalus amid the din walked off, murmuring to himself with a pursing +mincing mouth gently: + +—The little nuns! Nice little things! O, sure they wouldn’t do +anything! O, sure they wouldn’t really! Is it little sister Monica! + +* * * + + +From the sundial towards James’s gate walked Mr Kernan, pleased with +the order he had booked for Pulbrook Robertson, boldly along James’s +street, past Shackleton’s offices. Got round him all right. How do you +do, Mr Crimmins? First rate, sir. I was afraid you might be up in your +other establishment in Pimlico. How are things going? Just keeping +alive. Lovely weather we’re having. Yes, indeed. Good for the country. +Those farmers are always grumbling. I’ll just take a thimbleful of your +best gin, Mr Crimmins. A small gin, sir. Yes, sir. Terrible affair that +_General Slocum_ explosion. Terrible, terrible! A thousand casualties. +And heartrending scenes. Men trampling down women and children. Most +brutal thing. What do they say was the cause? Spontaneous combustion. +Most scandalous revelation. Not a single lifeboat would float and the +firehose all burst. What I can’t understand is how the inspectors ever +allowed a boat like that... Now, you’re talking straight, Mr Crimmins. +You know why? Palm oil. Is that a fact? Without a doubt. Well now, look +at that. And America they say is the land of the free. I thought we +were bad here. + +I smiled at him. _America,_ I said quietly, just like that. _What is +it? The sweepings of every country including our own. Isn’t that true?_ +That’s a fact. + +Graft, my dear sir. Well, of course, where there’s money going there’s +always someone to pick it up. + +Saw him looking at my frockcoat. Dress does it. Nothing like a dressy +appearance. Bowls them over. + +—Hello, Simon, Father Cowley said. How are things? + +—Hello, Bob, old man, Mr Dedalus answered, stopping. + +Mr Kernan halted and preened himself before the sloping mirror of Peter +Kennedy, hairdresser. Stylish coat, beyond a doubt. Scott of Dawson +street. Well worth the half sovereign I gave Neary for it. Never built +under three guineas. Fits me down to the ground. Some Kildare street +club toff had it probably. John Mulligan, the manager of the Hibernian +bank, gave me a very sharp eye yesterday on Carlisle bridge as if he +remembered me. + +Aham! Must dress the character for those fellows. Knight of the road. +Gentleman. And now, Mr Crimmins, may we have the honour of your custom +again, sir. The cup that cheers but not inebriates, as the old saying +has it. + +North wall and sir John Rogerson’s quay, with hulls and anchorchains, +sailing westward, sailed by a skiff, a crumpled throwaway, rocked on +the ferrywash, Elijah is coming. + +Mr Kernan glanced in farewell at his image. High colour, of course. +Grizzled moustache. Returned Indian officer. Bravely he bore his stumpy +body forward on spatted feet, squaring his shoulders. Is that Ned +Lambert’s brother over the way, Sam? What? Yes. He’s as like it as damn +it. No. The windscreen of that motorcar in the sun there. Just a flash +like that. Damn like him. + +Aham! Hot spirit of juniper juice warmed his vitals and his breath. +Good drop of gin, that was. His frocktails winked in bright sunshine to +his fat strut. + +Down there Emmet was hanged, drawn and quartered. Greasy black rope. +Dogs licking the blood off the street when the lord lieutenant’s wife +drove by in her noddy. + +Bad times those were. Well, well. Over and done with. Great topers too. +Fourbottle men. + +Let me see. Is he buried in saint Michan’s? Or no, there was a midnight +burial in Glasnevin. Corpse brought in through a secret door in the +wall. Dignam is there now. Went out in a puff. Well, well. Better turn +down here. Make a detour. + +Mr Kernan turned and walked down the slope of Watling street by the +corner of Guinness’s visitors’ waitingroom. Outside the Dublin +Distillers Company’s stores an outside car without fare or jarvey +stood, the reins knotted to the wheel. Damn dangerous thing. Some +Tipperary bosthoon endangering the lives of the citizens. Runaway +horse. + +Denis Breen with his tomes, weary of having waited an hour in John +Henry Menton’s office, led his wife over O’Connell bridge, bound for +the office of Messrs Collis and Ward. + +Mr Kernan approached Island street. + +Times of the troubles. Must ask Ned Lambert to lend me those +reminiscences of sir Jonah Barrington. When you look back on it all now +in a kind of retrospective arrangement. Gaming at Daly’s. No +cardsharping then. One of those fellows got his hand nailed to the +table by a dagger. Somewhere here lord Edward Fitzgerald escaped from +major Sirr. Stables behind Moira house. + +Damn good gin that was. + +Fine dashing young nobleman. Good stock, of course. That ruffian, that +sham squire, with his violet gloves gave him away. Course they were on +the wrong side. They rose in dark and evil days. Fine poem that is: +Ingram. They were gentlemen. Ben Dollard does sing that ballad +touchingly. Masterly rendition. + +_At the siege of Ross did my father fall._ + +A cavalcade in easy trot along Pembroke quay passed, outriders leaping, +leaping in their, in their saddles. Frockcoats. Cream sunshades. + +Mr Kernan hurried forward, blowing pursily. + +His Excellency! Too bad! Just missed that by a hair. Damn it! What a +pity! + +* * * + + +Stephen Dedalus watched through the webbed window the lapidary’s +fingers prove a timedulled chain. Dust webbed the window and the +showtrays. Dust darkened the toiling fingers with their vulture nails. +Dust slept on dull coils of bronze and silver, lozenges of cinnabar, on +rubies, leprous and winedark stones. + +Born all in the dark wormy earth, cold specks of fire, evil, lights +shining in the darkness. Where fallen archangels flung the stars of +their brows. Muddy swinesnouts, hands, root and root, gripe and wrest +them. + +She dances in a foul gloom where gum bums with garlic. A sailorman, +rustbearded, sips from a beaker rum and eyes her. A long and seafed +silent rut. She dances, capers, wagging her sowish haunches and her +hips, on her gross belly flapping a ruby egg. + +Old Russell with a smeared shammy rag burnished again his gem, turned +it and held it at the point of his Moses’ beard. Grandfather ape +gloating on a stolen hoard. + +And you who wrest old images from the burial earth? The brainsick words +of sophists: Antisthenes. A lore of drugs. Orient and immortal wheat +standing from everlasting to everlasting. + +Two old women fresh from their whiff of the briny trudged through +Irishtown along London bridge road, one with a sanded tired umbrella, +one with a midwife’s bag in which eleven cockles rolled. + +The whirr of flapping leathern bands and hum of dynamos from the +powerhouse urged Stephen to be on. Beingless beings. Stop! Throb always +without you and the throb always within. Your heart you sing of. I +between them. Where? Between two roaring worlds where they swirl, I. +Shatter them, one and both. But stun myself too in the blow. Shatter me +you who can. Bawd and butcher were the words. I say! Not yet awhile. A +look around. + +Yes, quite true. Very large and wonderful and keeps famous time. You +say right, sir. A Monday morning, ’twas so, indeed. + +Stephen went down Bedford row, the handle of the ash clacking against +his shoulderblade. In Clohissey’s window a faded 1860 print of Heenan +boxing Sayers held his eye. Staring backers with square hats stood +round the roped prizering. The heavyweights in tight loincloths +proposed gently each to other his bulbous fists. And they are +throbbing: heroes’ hearts. + +He turned and halted by the slanted bookcart. + +—Twopence each, the huckster said. Four for sixpence. + +Tattered pages. _The Irish Beekeeper. Life and Miracles of the Curé of +Ars. Pocket Guide to Killarney._ + +I might find here one of my pawned schoolprizes. _Stephano Dedalo, +alumno optimo, palmam ferenti._ + +Father Conmee, having read his little hours, walked through the hamlet +of Donnycarney, murmuring vespers. + +Binding too good probably. What is this? Eighth and ninth book of +Moses. Secret of all secrets. Seal of King David. Thumbed pages: read +and read. Who has passed here before me? How to soften chapped hands. +Recipe for white wine vinegar. How to win a woman’s love. For me this. +Say the following talisman three times with hands folded: + +—_Se el yilo nebrakada femininum! Amor me solo! Sanktus! Amen._ + +Who wrote this? Charms and invocations of the most blessed abbot Peter +Salanka to all true believers divulged. As good as any other abbot’s +charms, as mumbling Joachim’s. Down, baldynoddle, or we’ll wool your +wool. + +—What are you doing here, Stephen? + +Dilly’s high shoulders and shabby dress. + +Shut the book quick. Don’t let see. + +—What are you doing? Stephen said. + +A Stuart face of nonesuch Charles, lank locks falling at its sides. It +glowed as she crouched feeding the fire with broken boots. I told her +of Paris. Late lieabed under a quilt of old overcoats, fingering a +pinchbeck bracelet, Dan Kelly’s token. _Nebrakada femininum._ + +—What have you there? Stephen asked. + +—I bought it from the other cart for a penny, Dilly said, laughing +nervously. Is it any good? + +My eyes they say she has. Do others see me so? Quick, far and daring. +Shadow of my mind. + +He took the coverless book from her hand. Chardenal’s French primer. + +—What did you buy that for? he asked. To learn French? + +She nodded, reddening and closing tight her lips. + +Show no surprise. Quite natural. + +—Here, Stephen said. It’s all right. Mind Maggy doesn’t pawn it on you. +I suppose all my books are gone. + +—Some, Dilly said. We had to. + +She is drowning. Agenbite. Save her. Agenbite. All against us. She will +drown me with her, eyes and hair. Lank coils of seaweed hair around me, +my heart, my soul. Salt green death. + +We. + +Agenbite of inwit. Inwit’s agenbite. + +Misery! Misery! + +* * * + + +—Hello, Simon, Father Cowley said. How are things? + +—Hello, Bob, old man, Mr Dedalus answered, stopping. + +They clasped hands loudly outside Reddy and Daughter’s. Father Cowley +brushed his moustache often downward with a scooping hand. + +—What’s the best news? Mr Dedalus said. + +—Why then not much, Father Cowley said. I’m barricaded up, Simon, with +two men prowling around the house trying to effect an entrance. + +—Jolly, Mr Dedalus said. Who is it? + +—O, Father Cowley said. A certain gombeen man of our acquaintance. + +—With a broken back, is it? Mr Dedalus asked. + +—The same, Simon, Father Cowley answered. Reuben of that ilk. I’m just +waiting for Ben Dollard. He’s going to say a word to long John to get +him to take those two men off. All I want is a little time. + +He looked with vague hope up and down the quay, a big apple bulging in +his neck. + +—I know, Mr Dedalus said, nodding. Poor old bockedy Ben! He’s always +doing a good turn for someone. Hold hard! + +He put on his glasses and gazed towards the metal bridge an instant. + +—There he is, by God, he said, arse and pockets. + +Ben Dollard’s loose blue cutaway and square hat above large slops +crossed the quay in full gait from the metal bridge. He came towards +them at an amble, scratching actively behind his coattails. + +As he came near Mr Dedalus greeted: + +—Hold that fellow with the bad trousers. + +—Hold him now, Ben Dollard said. + +Mr Dedalus eyed with cold wandering scorn various points of Ben +Dollard’s figure. Then, turning to Father Cowley with a nod, he +muttered sneeringly: + +—That’s a pretty garment, isn’t it, for a summer’s day? + +—Why, God eternally curse your soul, Ben Dollard growled furiously, I +threw out more clothes in my time than you ever saw. + +He stood beside them beaming, on them first and on his roomy clothes +from points of which Mr Dedalus flicked fluff, saying: + +—They were made for a man in his health, Ben, anyhow. + +—Bad luck to the jewman that made them, Ben Dollard said. Thanks be to +God he’s not paid yet. + +—And how is that _basso profondo_, Benjamin? Father Cowley asked. + +Cashel Boyle O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell, murmuring, +glassyeyed, strode past the Kildare street club. + +Ben Dollard frowned and, making suddenly a chanter’s mouth, gave forth +a deep note. + +—Aw! he said. + +—That’s the style, Mr Dedalus said, nodding to its drone. + +—What about that? Ben Dollard said. Not too dusty? What? + +He turned to both. + +—That’ll do, Father Cowley said, nodding also. + +The reverend Hugh C. Love walked from the old chapterhouse of saint +Mary’s abbey past James and Charles Kennedy’s, rectifiers, attended by +Geraldines tall and personable, towards the Tholsel beyond the ford of +hurdles. + +Ben Dollard with a heavy list towards the shopfronts led them forward, +his joyful fingers in the air. + +—Come along with me to the subsheriff’s office, he said. I want to show +you the new beauty Rock has for a bailiff. He’s a cross between +Lobengula and Lynchehaun. He’s well worth seeing, mind you. Come along. +I saw John Henry Menton casually in the Bodega just now and it will +cost me a fall if I don’t... Wait awhile... We’re on the right lay, +Bob, believe you me. + +—For a few days tell him, Father Cowley said anxiously. + +Ben Dollard halted and stared, his loud orifice open, a dangling button +of his coat wagging brightbacked from its thread as he wiped away the +heavy shraums that clogged his eyes to hear aright. + +—What few days? he boomed. Hasn’t your landlord distrained for rent? + +—He has, Father Cowley said. + +—Then our friend’s writ is not worth the paper it’s printed on, Ben +Dollard said. The landlord has the prior claim. I gave him all the +particulars. 29 Windsor avenue. Love is the name? + +—That’s right, Father Cowley said. The reverend Mr Love. He’s a +minister in the country somewhere. But are you sure of that? + +—You can tell Barabbas from me, Ben Dollard said, that he can put that +writ where Jacko put the nuts. + +He led Father Cowley boldly forward, linked to his bulk. + +—Filberts I believe they were, Mr Dedalus said, as he dropped his +glasses on his coatfront, following them. + +* * * + + +—The youngster will be all right, Martin Cunningham said, as they +passed out of the Castleyard gate. + +The policeman touched his forehead. + +—God bless you, Martin Cunningham said, cheerily. + +He signed to the waiting jarvey who chucked at the reins and set on +towards Lord Edward street. + +Bronze by gold, Miss Kennedy’s head by Miss Douce’s head, appeared +above the crossblind of the Ormond hotel. + +—Yes, Martin Cunningham said, fingering his beard. I wrote to Father +Conmee and laid the whole case before him. + +—You could try our friend, Mr Power suggested backward. + +—Boyd? Martin Cunningham said shortly. Touch me not. + +John Wyse Nolan, lagging behind, reading the list, came after them +quickly down Cork hill. + +On the steps of the City hall Councillor Nannetti, descending, hailed +Alderman Cowley and Councillor Abraham Lyon ascending. + +The castle car wheeled empty into upper Exchange street. + +—Look here, Martin, John Wyse Nolan said, overtaking them at the _Mail_ +office. I see Bloom put his name down for five shillings. + +—Quite right, Martin Cunningham said, taking the list. And put down the +five shillings too. + +—Without a second word either, Mr Power said. + +—Strange but true, Martin Cunningham added. + +John Wyse Nolan opened wide eyes. + +—I’ll say there is much kindness in the jew, he quoted, elegantly. + +They went down Parliament street. + +—There’s Jimmy Henry, Mr Power said, just heading for Kavanagh’s. + +—Righto, Martin Cunningham said. Here goes. + +Outside _la Maison Claire_ Blazes Boylan waylaid Jack Mooney’s +brother-in-law, humpy, tight, making for the liberties. + +John Wyse Nolan fell back with Mr Power, while Martin Cunningham took +the elbow of a dapper little man in a shower of hail suit, who walked +uncertainly, with hasty steps past Micky Anderson’s watches. + +—The assistant town clerk’s corns are giving him some trouble, John +Wyse Nolan told Mr Power. + +They followed round the corner towards James Kavanagh’s winerooms. The +empty castle car fronted them at rest in Essex gate. Martin Cunningham, +speaking always, showed often the list at which Jimmy Henry did not +glance. + +—And long John Fanning is here too, John Wyse Nolan said, as large as +life. + +The tall form of long John Fanning filled the doorway where he stood. + +—Good day, Mr Subsheriff, Martin Cunningham said, as all halted and +greeted. + +Long John Fanning made no way for them. He removed his large Henry Clay +decisively and his large fierce eyes scowled intelligently over all +their faces. + +—Are the conscript fathers pursuing their peaceful deliberations? he +said with rich acrid utterance to the assistant town clerk. + +Hell open to christians they were having, Jimmy Henry said pettishly, +about their damned Irish language. Where was the marshal, he wanted to +know, to keep order in the council chamber. And old Barlow the +macebearer laid up with asthma, no mace on the table, nothing in order, +no quorum even, and Hutchinson, the lord mayor, in Llandudno and little +Lorcan Sherlock doing _locum tenens_ for him. Damned Irish language, +language of our forefathers. + +Long John Fanning blew a plume of smoke from his lips. + +Martin Cunningham spoke by turns, twirling the peak of his beard, to +the assistant town clerk and the subsheriff, while John Wyse Nolan held +his peace. + +—What Dignam was that? long John Fanning asked. + +Jimmy Henry made a grimace and lifted his left foot. + +—O, my corns! he said plaintively. Come upstairs for goodness’ sake +till I sit down somewhere. Uff! Ooo! Mind! + +Testily he made room for himself beside long John Fanning’s flank and +passed in and up the stairs. + +—Come on up, Martin Cunningham said to the subsheriff. I don’t think +you knew him or perhaps you did, though. + +With John Wyse Nolan Mr Power followed them in. + +—Decent little soul he was, Mr Power said to the stalwart back of long +John Fanning ascending towards long John Fanning in the mirror. + +—Rather lowsized. Dignam of Menton’s office that was, Martin Cunningham +said. + +Long John Fanning could not remember him. + +Clatter of horsehoofs sounded from the air. + +—What’s that? Martin Cunningham said. + +All turned where they stood. John Wyse Nolan came down again. From the +cool shadow of the doorway he saw the horses pass Parliament street, +harness and glossy pasterns in sunlight shimmering. Gaily they went +past before his cool unfriendly eyes, not quickly. In saddles of the +leaders, leaping leaders, rode outriders. + +—What was it? Martin Cunningham asked, as they went on up the +staircase. + +—The lord lieutenantgeneral and general governor of Ireland, John Wyse +Nolan answered from the stairfoot. + +* * * + + +As they trod across the thick carpet Buck Mulligan whispered behind his +Panama to Haines: + +—Parnell’s brother. There in the corner. + +They chose a small table near the window, opposite a longfaced man +whose beard and gaze hung intently down on a chessboard. + +—Is that he? Haines asked, twisting round in his seat. + +—Yes, Mulligan said. That’s John Howard, his brother, our city marshal. + +John Howard Parnell translated a white bishop quietly and his grey claw +went up again to his forehead whereat it rested. An instant after, +under its screen, his eyes looked quickly, ghostbright, at his foe and +fell once more upon a working corner. + +—I’ll take a _mélange,_ Haines said to the waitress. + +—Two _mélanges,_ Buck Mulligan said. And bring us some scones and +butter and some cakes as well. + +When she had gone he said, laughing: + +—We call it D.B.C. because they have damn bad cakes. O, but you missed +Dedalus on _Hamlet._ + +Haines opened his newbought book. + +—I’m sorry, he said. Shakespeare is the happy huntingground of all +minds that have lost their balance. + +The onelegged sailor growled at the area of 14 Nelson street: + +—_England expects_... + +Buck Mulligan’s primrose waistcoat shook gaily to his laughter. + +—You should see him, he said, when his body loses its balance. +Wandering Ængus I call him. + +—I am sure he has an _idée fixe,_ Haines said, pinching his chin +thoughtfully with thumb and forefinger. Now I am speculating what it +would be likely to be. Such persons always have. + +Buck Mulligan bent across the table gravely. + +—They drove his wits astray, he said, by visions of hell. He will never +capture the Attic note. The note of Swinburne, of all poets, the white +death and the ruddy birth. That is his tragedy. He can never be a poet. +The joy of creation... + +—Eternal punishment, Haines said, nodding curtly. I see. I tackled him +this morning on belief. There was something on his mind, I saw. It’s +rather interesting because professor Pokorny of Vienna makes an +interesting point out of that. + +Buck Mulligan’s watchful eyes saw the waitress come. He helped her to +unload her tray. + +—He can find no trace of hell in ancient Irish myth, Haines said, amid +the cheerful cups. The moral idea seems lacking, the sense of destiny, +of retribution. Rather strange he should have just that fixed idea. +Does he write anything for your movement? + +He sank two lumps of sugar deftly longwise through the whipped cream. +Buck Mulligan slit a steaming scone in two and plastered butter over +its smoking pith. He bit off a soft piece hungrily. + +—Ten years, he said, chewing and laughing. He is going to write +something in ten years. + +—Seems a long way off, Haines said, thoughtfully lifting his spoon. +Still, I shouldn’t wonder if he did after all. + +He tasted a spoonful from the creamy cone of his cup. + +—This is real Irish cream I take it, he said with forbearance. I don’t +want to be imposed on. + +Elijah, skiff, light crumpled throwaway, sailed eastward by flanks of +ships and trawlers, amid an archipelago of corks, beyond new Wapping +street past Benson’s ferry, and by the threemasted schooner _Rosevean_ +from Bridgwater with bricks. + +* * * + + +Almidano Artifoni walked past Holles street, past Sewell’s yard. Behind +him Cashel Boyle O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell, with +stickumbrelladustcoat dangling, shunned the lamp before Mr Law Smith’s +house and, crossing, walked along Merrion square. Distantly behind him +a blind stripling tapped his way by the wall of College park. + +Cashel Boyle O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell walked as far as Mr +Lewis Werner’s cheerful windows, then turned and strode back along +Merrion square, his stickumbrelladustcoat dangling. + +At the corner of Wilde’s house he halted, frowned at Elijah’s name +announced on the Metropolitan hall, frowned at the distant pleasance of +duke’s lawn. His eyeglass flashed frowning in the sun. With ratsteeth +bared he muttered: + +—_Coactus volui._ + +He strode on for Clare street, grinding his fierce word. + +As he strode past Mr Bloom’s dental windows the sway of his dustcoat +brushed rudely from its angle a slender tapping cane and swept onwards, +having buffeted a thewless body. The blind stripling turned his sickly +face after the striding form. + +—God’s curse on you, he said sourly, whoever you are! You’re blinder +nor I am, you bitch’s bastard! + +* * * + + +Opposite Ruggy O’Donohoe’s Master Patrick Aloysius Dignam, pawing the +pound and a half of Mangan’s, late Fehrenbach’s, porksteaks he had been +sent for, went along warm Wicklow street dawdling. It was too blooming +dull sitting in the parlour with Mrs Stoer and Mrs Quigley and Mrs +MacDowell and the blind down and they all at their sniffles and sipping +sups of the superior tawny sherry uncle Barney brought from Tunney’s. +And they eating crumbs of the cottage fruitcake, jawing the whole +blooming time and sighing. + +After Wicklow lane the window of Madame Doyle, courtdress milliner, +stopped him. He stood looking in at the two puckers stripped to their +pelts and putting up their props. From the sidemirrors two mourning +Masters Dignam gaped silently. Myler Keogh, Dublin’s pet lamb, will +meet sergeantmajor Bennett, the Portobello bruiser, for a purse of +fifty sovereigns. Gob, that’d be a good pucking match to see. Myler +Keogh, that’s the chap sparring out to him with the green sash. Two bar +entrance, soldiers half price. I could easy do a bunk on ma. Master +Dignam on his left turned as he turned. That’s me in mourning. When is +it? May the twentysecond. Sure, the blooming thing is all over. He +turned to the right and on his right Master Dignam turned, his cap +awry, his collar sticking up. Buttoning it down, his chin lifted, he +saw the image of Marie Kendall, charming soubrette, beside the two +puckers. One of them mots that do be in the packets of fags Stoer +smokes that his old fellow welted hell out of him for one time he found +out. + +Master Dignam got his collar down and dawdled on. The best pucker going +for strength was Fitzsimons. One puck in the wind from that fellow +would knock you into the middle of next week, man. But the best pucker +for science was Jem Corbet before Fitzsimons knocked the stuffings out +of him, dodging and all. + +In Grafton street Master Dignam saw a red flower in a toff’s mouth and +a swell pair of kicks on him and he listening to what the drunk was +telling him and grinning all the time. + +No Sandymount tram. + +Master Dignam walked along Nassau street, shifted the porksteaks to his +other hand. His collar sprang up again and he tugged it down. The +blooming stud was too small for the buttonhole of the shirt, blooming +end to it. He met schoolboys with satchels. I’m not going tomorrow +either, stay away till Monday. He met other schoolboys. Do they notice +I’m in mourning? Uncle Barney said he’d get it into the paper tonight. +Then they’ll all see it in the paper and read my name printed and pa’s +name. + +His face got all grey instead of being red like it was and there was a +fly walking over it up to his eye. The scrunch that was when they were +screwing the screws into the coffin: and the bumps when they were +bringing it downstairs. + +Pa was inside it and ma crying in the parlour and uncle Barney telling +the men how to get it round the bend. A big coffin it was, and high and +heavylooking. How was that? The last night pa was boosed he was +standing on the landing there bawling out for his boots to go out to +Tunney’s for to boose more and he looked butty and short in his shirt. +Never see him again. Death, that is. Pa is dead. My father is dead. He +told me to be a good son to ma. I couldn’t hear the other things he +said but I saw his tongue and his teeth trying to say it better. Poor +pa. That was Mr Dignam, my father. I hope he’s in purgatory now because +he went to confession to Father Conroy on Saturday night. + +* * * + + +William Humble, earl of Dudley, and lady Dudley, accompanied by +lieutenantcolonel Heseltine, drove out after luncheon from the +viceregal lodge. In the following carriage were the honourable Mrs +Paget, Miss de Courcy and the honourable Gerald Ward A. D. C. in +attendance. + +The cavalcade passed out by the lower gate of Phoenix park saluted by +obsequious policemen and proceeded past Kingsbridge along the northern +quays. The viceroy was most cordially greeted on his way through the +metropolis. At Bloody bridge Mr Thomas Kernan beyond the river greeted +him vainly from afar. Between Queen’s and Whitworth bridges lord +Dudley’s viceregal carriages passed and were unsaluted by Mr Dudley +White, B. L., M. A., who stood on Arran quay outside Mrs M. E. White’s, +the pawnbroker’s, at the corner of Arran street west stroking his nose +with his forefinger, undecided whether he should arrive at Phibsborough +more quickly by a triple change of tram or by hailing a car or on foot +through Smithfield, Constitution hill and Broadstone terminus. In the +porch of Four Courts Richie Goulding with the costbag of Goulding, +Collis and Ward saw him with surprise. Past Richmond bridge at the +doorstep of the office of Reuben J Dodd, solicitor, agent for the +Patriotic Insurance Company, an elderly female about to enter changed +her plan and retracing her steps by King’s windows smiled credulously +on the representative of His Majesty. From its sluice in Wood quay wall +under Tom Devan’s office Poddle river hung out in fealty a tongue of +liquid sewage. Above the crossblind of the Ormond hotel, gold by +bronze, Miss Kennedy’s head by Miss Douce’s head watched and admired. +On Ormond quay Mr Simon Dedalus, steering his way from the greenhouse +for the subsheriff’s office, stood still in midstreet and brought his +hat low. His Excellency graciously returned Mr Dedalus’ greeting. From +Cahill’s corner the reverend Hugh C. Love, M. A., made obeisance +unperceived, mindful of lords deputies whose hands benignant had held +of yore rich advowsons. On Grattan bridge Lenehan and M’Coy, taking +leave of each other, watched the carriages go by. Passing by Roger +Greene’s office and Dollard’s big red printinghouse Gerty MacDowell, +carrying the Catesby’s cork lino letters for her father who was laid +up, knew by the style it was the lord and lady lieutenant but she +couldn’t see what Her Excellency had on because the tram and Spring’s +big yellow furniture van had to stop in front of her on account of its +being the lord lieutenant. Beyond Lundy Foot’s from the shaded door of +Kavanagh’s winerooms John Wyse Nolan smiled with unseen coldness +towards the lord lieutenantgeneral and general governor of Ireland. The +Right Honourable William Humble, earl of Dudley, G. C. V. O., passed +Micky Anderson’s all times ticking watches and Henry and James’s wax +smartsuited freshcheeked models, the gentleman Henry, _dernier cri_ +James. Over against Dame gate Tom Rochford and Nosey Flynn watched the +approach of the cavalcade. Tom Rochford, seeing the eyes of lady Dudley +fixed on him, took his thumbs quickly out of the pockets of his claret +waistcoat and doffed his cap to her. A charming _soubrette,_ great +Marie Kendall, with dauby cheeks and lifted skirt smiled daubily from +her poster upon William Humble, earl of Dudley, and upon +lieutenantcolonel H. G. Heseltine, and also upon the honourable Gerald +Ward A. D. C. From the window of the D. B. C. Buck Mulligan gaily, and +Haines gravely, gazed down on the viceregal equipage over the shoulders +of eager guests, whose mass of forms darkened the chessboard whereon +John Howard Parnell looked intently. In Fownes’s street Dilly Dedalus, +straining her sight upward from Chardenal’s first French primer, saw +sunshades spanned and wheelspokes spinning in the glare. John Henry +Menton, filling the doorway of Commercial Buildings, stared from +winebig oyster eyes, holding a fat gold hunter watch not looked at in +his fat left hand not feeling it. Where the foreleg of King Billy’s +horse pawed the air Mrs Breen plucked her hastening husband back from +under the hoofs of the outriders. She shouted in his ear the tidings. +Understanding, he shifted his tomes to his left breast and saluted the +second carriage. The honourable Gerald Ward A. D. C., agreeably +surprised, made haste to reply. At Ponsonby’s corner a jaded white +flagon H. halted and four tallhatted white flagons halted behind him, +E.L.Y.’S, while outriders pranced past and carriages. Opposite Pigott’s +music warerooms Mr Denis J Maginni, professor of dancing &c, gaily +apparelled, gravely walked, outpassed by a viceroy and unobserved. By +the provost’s wall came jauntily Blazes Boylan, stepping in tan shoes +and socks with skyblue clocks to the refrain of _My girl’s a Yorkshire +girl._ + +Blazes Boylan presented to the leaders’ skyblue frontlets and high +action a skyblue tie, a widebrimmed straw hat at a rakish angle and a +suit of indigo serge. His hands in his jacket pockets forgot to salute +but he offered to the three ladies the bold admiration of his eyes and +the red flower between his lips. As they drove along Nassau street His +Excellency drew the attention of his bowing consort to the programme of +music which was being discoursed in College park. Unseen brazen +highland laddies blared and drumthumped after the _cortège_: + + But though she’s a factory lass + And wears no fancy clothes. + Baraabum. + Yet I’ve a sort of a + Yorkshire relish for + My little Yorkshire rose. + Baraabum. + +Thither of the wall the quartermile flat handicappers, M. C. Green, H. +Shrift, T. M. Patey, C. Scaife, J. B. Jeffs, G. N. Morphy, F. +Stevenson, C. Adderly and W. C. Huggard, started in pursuit. Striding +past Finn’s hotel Cashel Boyle O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell +stared through a fierce eyeglass across the carriages at the head of Mr +M. E. Solomons in the window of the Austro-Hungarian viceconsulate. +Deep in Leinster street by Trinity’s postern a loyal king’s man, +Hornblower, touched his tallyho cap. As the glossy horses pranced by +Merrion square Master Patrick Aloysius Dignam, waiting, saw salutes +being given to the gent with the topper and raised also his new black +cap with fingers greased by porksteak paper. His collar too sprang up. +The viceroy, on his way to inaugurate the Mirus bazaar in aid of funds +for Mercer’s hospital, drove with his following towards Lower Mount +street. He passed a blind stripling opposite Broadbent’s. In Lower +Mount street a pedestrian in a brown macintosh, eating dry bread, +passed swiftly and unscathed across the viceroy’s path. At the Royal +Canal bridge, from his hoarding, Mr Eugene Stratton, his blub lips +agrin, bade all comers welcome to Pembroke township. At Haddington road +corner two sanded women halted themselves, an umbrella and a bag in +which eleven cockles rolled to view with wonder the lord mayor and lady +mayoress without his golden chain. On Northumberland and Lansdowne +roads His Excellency acknowledged punctually salutes from rare male +walkers, the salute of two small schoolboys at the garden gate of the +house said to have been admired by the late queen when visiting the +Irish capital with her husband, the prince consort, in 1849 and the +salute of Almidano Artifoni’s sturdy trousers swallowed by a closing +door. + + + + +[ 11 ] + + +Bronze by gold heard the hoofirons, steelyringing. + +Imperthnthn thnthnthn. + +Chips, picking chips off rocky thumbnail, chips. + +Horrid! And gold flushed more. + +A husky fifenote blew. + +Blew. Blue bloom is on the. + +Goldpinnacled hair. + +A jumping rose on satiny breast of satin, rose of Castile. + +Trilling, trilling: Idolores. + +Peep! Who’s in the... peepofgold? + +Tink cried to bronze in pity. + +And a call, pure, long and throbbing. Longindying call. + +Decoy. Soft word. But look: the bright stars fade. Notes chirruping +answer. + +O rose! Castile. The morn is breaking. + +Jingle jingle jaunted jingling. + +Coin rang. Clock clacked. + +Avowal. _Sonnez._ I could. Rebound of garter. Not leave thee. Smack. +_La cloche!_ Thigh smack. Avowal. Warm. Sweetheart, goodbye! + +Jingle. Bloo. + +Boomed crashing chords. When love absorbs. War! War! The tympanum. + +A sail! A veil awave upon the waves. + +Lost. Throstle fluted. All is lost now. + +Horn. Hawhorn. + +When first he saw. Alas! + +Full tup. Full throb. + +Warbling. Ah, lure! Alluring. + +Martha! Come! + +Clapclap. Clipclap. Clappyclap. + +Goodgod henev erheard inall. + +Deaf bald Pat brought pad knife took up. + +A moonlit nightcall: far, far. + +I feel so sad. P. S. So lonely blooming. + +Listen! + +The spiked and winding cold seahorn. Have you the? Each, and for other, +plash and silent roar. + +Pearls: when she. Liszt’s rhapsodies. Hissss. + +You don’t? + +Did not: no, no: believe: Lidlyd. With a cock with a carra. + +Black. Deepsounding. Do, Ben, do. + +Wait while you wait. Hee hee. Wait while you hee. + +But wait! + +Low in dark middle earth. Embedded ore. + +Naminedamine. Preacher is he: + +All gone. All fallen. + +Tiny, her tremulous fernfoils of maidenhair. + +Amen! He gnashed in fury. + +Fro. To, fro. A baton cool protruding. + +Bronzelydia by Minagold. + +By bronze, by gold, in oceangreen of shadow. Bloom. Old Bloom. + +One rapped, one tapped, with a carra, with a cock. + +Pray for him! Pray, good people! + +His gouty fingers nakkering. + +Big Benaben. Big Benben. + +Last rose Castile of summer left bloom I feel so sad alone. + +Pwee! Little wind piped wee. + +True men. Lid Ker Cow De and Doll. Ay, ay. Like you men. Will lift your +tschink with tschunk. + +Fff! Oo! + +Where bronze from anear? Where gold from afar? Where hoofs? + +Rrrpr. Kraa. Kraandl. + +Then not till then. My eppripfftaph. Be pfrwritt. + +Done. + +Begin! + + + +Bronze by gold, miss Douce’s head by miss Kennedy’s head, over the +crossblind of the Ormond bar heard the viceregal hoofs go by, ringing +steel. + +—Is that her? asked miss Kennedy. + +Miss Douce said yes, sitting with his ex, pearl grey and _eau de Nil._ + +—Exquisite contrast, miss Kennedy said. + +When all agog miss Douce said eagerly: + +—Look at the fellow in the tall silk. + +—Who? Where? gold asked more eagerly. + +—In the second carriage, miss Douce’s wet lips said, laughing in the +sun. + +He’s looking. Mind till I see. + +She darted, bronze, to the backmost corner, flattening her face against +the pane in a halo of hurried breath. + +Her wet lips tittered: + +—He’s killed looking back. + +She laughed: + +—O wept! Aren’t men frightful idiots? + +With sadness. + +Miss Kennedy sauntered sadly from bright light, twining a loose hair +behind an ear. Sauntering sadly, gold no more, she twisted twined a +hair. Sadly she twined in sauntering gold hair behind a curving ear. + +—It’s them has the fine times, sadly then she said. + +A man. + +Bloowho went by by Moulang’s pipes bearing in his breast the sweets of +sin, by Wine’s antiques, in memory bearing sweet sinful words, by +Carroll’s dusky battered plate, for Raoul. + +The boots to them, them in the bar, them barmaids came. For them +unheeding him he banged on the counter his tray of chattering china. +And + +—There’s your teas, he said. + +Miss Kennedy with manners transposed the teatray down to an upturned +lithia crate, safe from eyes, low. + +—What is it? loud boots unmannerly asked. + +—Find out, miss Douce retorted, leaving her spyingpoint. + +—Your _beau,_ is it? + +A haughty bronze replied: + +—I’ll complain to Mrs de Massey on you if I hear any more of your +impertinent insolence. + +—Imperthnthn thnthnthn, bootssnout sniffed rudely, as he retreated as +she threatened as he had come. + +Bloom. + +On her flower frowning miss Douce said: + +—Most aggravating that young brat is. If he doesn’t conduct himself +I’ll wring his ear for him a yard long. + +Ladylike in exquisite contrast. + +—Take no notice, miss Kennedy rejoined. + +She poured in a teacup tea, then back in the teapot tea. They cowered +under their reef of counter, waiting on footstools, crates upturned, +waiting for their teas to draw. They pawed their blouses, both of black +satin, two and nine a yard, waiting for their teas to draw, and two and +seven. + +Yes, bronze from anear, by gold from afar, heard steel from anear, +hoofs ring from afar, and heard steelhoofs ringhoof ringsteel. + +—Am I awfully sunburnt? + +Miss bronze unbloused her neck. + +—No, said miss Kennedy. It gets brown after. Did you try the borax with +the cherry laurel water? + +Miss Douce halfstood to see her skin askance in the barmirror +gildedlettered where hock and claret glasses shimmered and in their +midst a shell. + +—And leave it to my hands, she said. + +—Try it with the glycerine, miss Kennedy advised. + +Bidding her neck and hands adieu miss Douce + +—Those things only bring out a rash, replied, reseated. I asked that +old fogey in Boyd’s for something for my skin. + +Miss Kennedy, pouring now a fulldrawn tea, grimaced and prayed: + +—O, don’t remind me of him for mercy’ sake! + +—But wait till I tell you, miss Douce entreated. + +Sweet tea miss Kennedy having poured with milk plugged both two ears +with little fingers. + +—No, don’t, she cried. + +—I won’t listen, she cried. + +But Bloom? + +Miss Douce grunted in snuffy fogey’s tone: + +—For your what? says he. + +Miss Kennedy unplugged her ears to hear, to speak: but said, but prayed +again: + +—Don’t let me think of him or I’ll expire. The hideous old wretch! That +night in the Antient Concert Rooms. + +She sipped distastefully her brew, hot tea, a sip, sipped, sweet tea. + +—Here he was, miss Douce said, cocking her bronze head three quarters, +ruffling her nosewings. Hufa! Hufa! + +Shrill shriek of laughter sprang from miss Kennedy’s throat. Miss Douce +huffed and snorted down her nostrils that quivered imperthnthn like a +snout in quest. + +—O! shrieking, miss Kennedy cried. Will you ever forget his goggle eye? + +Miss Douce chimed in in deep bronze laughter, shouting: + +—And your other eye! + +Bloowhose dark eye read Aaron Figatner’s name. Why do I always think +Figather? Gathering figs, I think. And Prosper Loré’s huguenot name. By +Bassi’s blessed virgins Bloom’s dark eyes went by. Bluerobed, white +under, come to me. God they believe she is: or goddess. Those today. I +could not see. That fellow spoke. A student. After with Dedalus’ son. +He might be Mulligan. All comely virgins. That brings those rakes of +fellows in: her white. + +By went his eyes. The sweets of sin. Sweet are the sweets. + +Of sin. + +In a giggling peal young goldbronze voices blended, Douce with Kennedy +your other eye. They threw young heads back, bronze gigglegold, to let +freefly their laughter, screaming, your other, signals to each other, +high piercing notes. + +Ah, panting, sighing, sighing, ah, fordone, their mirth died down. + +Miss Kennedy lipped her cup again, raised, drank a sip and +gigglegiggled. Miss Douce, bending over the teatray, ruffled again her +nose and rolled droll fattened eyes. Again Kennygiggles, stooping, her +fair pinnacles of hair, stooping, her tortoise napecomb showed, +spluttered out of her mouth her tea, choking in tea and laughter, +coughing with choking, crying: + +—O greasy eyes! Imagine being married to a man like that! she cried. +With his bit of beard! + +Douce gave full vent to a splendid yell, a full yell of full woman, +delight, joy, indignation. + +—Married to the greasy nose! she yelled. + +Shrill, with deep laughter, after, gold after bronze, they urged each +each to peal after peal, ringing in changes, bronzegold, goldbronze, +shrilldeep, to laughter after laughter. And then laughed more. Greasy I +knows. Exhausted, breathless, their shaken heads they laid, braided and +pinnacled by glossycombed, against the counterledge. All flushed (O!), +panting, sweating (O!), all breathless. + +Married to Bloom, to greaseabloom. + +—O saints above! miss Douce said, sighed above her jumping rose. I +wished I hadn’t laughed so much. I feel all wet. + +—O, miss Douce! miss Kennedy protested. You horrid thing! + +And flushed yet more (you horrid!), more goldenly. + +By Cantwell’s offices roved Greaseabloom, by Ceppi’s virgins, bright of +their oils. Nannetti’s father hawked those things about, wheedling at +doors as I. Religion pays. Must see him for that par. Eat first. I +want. Not yet. At four, she said. Time ever passing. Clockhands +turning. On. Where eat? The Clarence, Dolphin. On. For Raoul. Eat. If I +net five guineas with those ads. The violet silk petticoats. Not yet. +The sweets of sin. + +Flushed less, still less, goldenly paled. + +Into their bar strolled Mr Dedalus. Chips, picking chips off one of his +rocky thumbnails. Chips. He strolled. + +—O, welcome back, miss Douce. + +He held her hand. Enjoyed her holidays? + +—Tiptop. + +He hoped she had nice weather in Rostrevor. + +—Gorgeous, she said. Look at the holy show I am. Lying out on the +strand all day. + +Bronze whiteness. + +—That was exceedingly naughty of you, Mr Dedalus told her and pressed +her hand indulgently. Tempting poor simple males. + +Miss Douce of satin douced her arm away. + +—O go away! she said. You’re very simple, I don’t think. + +He was. + +—Well now I am, he mused. I looked so simple in the cradle they +christened me simple Simon. + +—You must have been a doaty, miss Douce made answer. And what did the +doctor order today? + +—Well now, he mused, whatever you say yourself. I think I’ll trouble +you for some fresh water and a half glass of whisky. + +Jingle. + +—With the greatest alacrity, miss Douce agreed. + +With grace of alacrity towards the mirror gilt Cantrell and Cochrane’s +she turned herself. With grace she tapped a measure of gold whisky from +her crystal keg. Forth from the skirt of his coat Mr Dedalus brought +pouch and pipe. Alacrity she served. He blew through the flue two husky +fifenotes. + +—By Jove, he mused, I often wanted to see the Mourne mountains. Must be +a great tonic in the air down there. But a long threatening comes at +last, they say. Yes. Yes. + +Yes. He fingered shreds of hair, her maidenhair, her mermaid’s, into +the bowl. Chips. Shreds. Musing. Mute. + +None nought said nothing. Yes. + +Gaily miss Douce polished a tumbler, trilling: + +—_O, Idolores, queen of the eastern seas!_ + +—Was Mr Lidwell in today? + +In came Lenehan. Round him peered Lenehan. Mr Bloom reached Essex +bridge. Yes, Mr Bloom crossed bridge of Yessex. To Martha I must write. +Buy paper. Daly’s. Girl there civil. Bloom. Old Bloom. Blue bloom is on +the rye. + +—He was in at lunchtime, miss Douce said. + +Lenehan came forward. + +—Was Mr Boylan looking for me? + +He asked. She answered: + +—Miss Kennedy, was Mr Boylan in while I was upstairs? + +She asked. Miss voice of Kennedy answered, a second teacup poised, her +gaze upon a page: + +—No. He was not. + +Miss gaze of Kennedy, heard, not seen, read on. Lenehan round the +sandwichbell wound his round body round. + +—Peep! Who’s in the corner? + +No glance of Kennedy rewarding him he yet made overtures. To mind her +stops. To read only the black ones: round o and crooked ess. + +Jingle jaunty jingle. + +Girlgold she read and did not glance. Take no notice. She took no +notice while he read by rote a solfa fable for her, plappering flatly: + +—Ah fox met ah stork. Said thee fox too thee stork: Will you put your +bill down inn my troath and pull upp ah bone? + +He droned in vain. Miss Douce turned to her tea aside. + +He sighed aside: + +—Ah me! O my! + +He greeted Mr Dedalus and got a nod. + +—Greetings from the famous son of a famous father. + +—Who may he be? Mr Dedalus asked. + +Lenehan opened most genial arms. Who? + +—Who may he be? he asked. Can you ask? Stephen, the youthful bard. + +Dry. + +Mr Dedalus, famous father, laid by his dry filled pipe. + +—I see, he said. I didn’t recognise him for the moment. I hear he is +keeping very select company. Have you seen him lately? + +He had. + +—I quaffed the nectarbowl with him this very day, said Lenehan. In +Mooney’s _en ville_ and in Mooney’s _sur mer._ He had received the +rhino for the labour of his muse. + +He smiled at bronze’s teabathed lips, at listening lips and eyes: + +—The _élite_ of Erin hung upon his lips. The ponderous pundit, Hugh +MacHugh, Dublin’s most brilliant scribe and editor and that minstrel +boy of the wild wet west who is known by the euphonious appellation of +the O’Madden Burke. + +After an interval Mr Dedalus raised his grog and + +—That must have been highly diverting, said he. I see. + +He see. He drank. With faraway mourning mountain eye. Set down his +glass. + +He looked towards the saloon door. + +—I see you have moved the piano. + +—The tuner was in today, miss Douce replied, tuning it for the smoking +concert and I never heard such an exquisite player. + +—Is that a fact? + +—Didn’t he, miss Kennedy? The real classical, you know. And blind too, +poor fellow. Not twenty I’m sure he was. + +—Is that a fact? Mr Dedalus said. + +He drank and strayed away. + +—So sad to look at his face, miss Douce condoled. + +God’s curse on bitch’s bastard. + +Tink to her pity cried a diner’s bell. To the door of the bar and +diningroom came bald Pat, came bothered Pat, came Pat, waiter of +Ormond. Lager for diner. Lager without alacrity she served. + +With patience Lenehan waited for Boylan with impatience, for +jinglejaunty blazes boy. + +Upholding the lid he (who?) gazed in the coffin (coffin?) at the +oblique triple (piano!) wires. He pressed (the same who pressed +indulgently her hand), soft pedalling, a triple of keys to see the +thicknesses of felt advancing, to hear the muffled hammerfall in +action. + +Two sheets cream vellum paper one reserve two envelopes when I was in +Wisdom Hely’s wise Bloom in Daly’s Henry Flower bought. Are you not +happy in your home? Flower to console me and a pin cuts lo. Means +something, language of flow. Was it a daisy? Innocence that is. +Respectable girl meet after mass. Thanks awfully muchly. Wise Bloom +eyed on the door a poster, a swaying mermaid smoking mid nice waves. +Smoke mermaids, coolest whiff of all. Hair streaming: lovelorn. For +some man. For Raoul. He eyed and saw afar on Essex bridge a gay hat +riding on a jaunting car. It is. Again. Third time. Coincidence. + +Jingling on supple rubbers it jaunted from the bridge to Ormond quay. +Follow. Risk it. Go quick. At four. Near now. Out. + +—Twopence, sir, the shopgirl dared to say. + +—Aha... I was forgetting... Excuse... + +—And four. + +At four she. Winsomely she on Bloohimwhom smiled. Bloo smi qui go. +Ternoon. Think you’re the only pebble on the beach? Does that to all. + +For men. + +In drowsy silence gold bent on her page. + +From the saloon a call came, long in dying. That was a tuningfork the +tuner had that he forgot that he now struck. A call again. That he now +poised that it now throbbed. You hear? It throbbed, pure, purer, softly +and softlier, its buzzing prongs. Longer in dying call. + +Pat paid for diner’s popcorked bottle: and over tumbler, tray and +popcorked bottle ere he went he whispered, bald and bothered, with miss +Douce. + +—_The bright stars fade_... + +A voiceless song sang from within, singing: + +—... _the morn is breaking._ + +A duodene of birdnotes chirruped bright treble answer under sensitive +hands. Brightly the keys, all twinkling, linked, all harpsichording, +called to a voice to sing the strain of dewy morn, of youth, of love’s +leavetaking, life’s, love’s morn. + +—_The dewdrops pearl_... + +Lenehan’s lips over the counter lisped a low whistle of decoy. + +—But look this way, he said, rose of Castile. + +Jingle jaunted by the curb and stopped. + +She rose and closed her reading, rose of Castile: fretted, forlorn, +dreamily rose. + +—Did she fall or was she pushed? he asked her. + +She answered, slighting: + +—Ask no questions and you’ll hear no lies. + +Like lady, ladylike. + +Blazes Boylan’s smart tan shoes creaked on the barfloor where he +strode. Yes, gold from anear by bronze from afar. Lenehan heard and +knew and hailed him: + +—See the conquering hero comes. + +Between the car and window, warily walking, went Bloom, unconquered +hero. See me he might. The seat he sat on: warm. Black wary hecat +walked towards Richie Goulding’s legal bag, lifted aloft, saluting. + +—_And I from thee_... + +—I heard you were round, said Blazes Boylan. + +He touched to fair miss Kennedy a rim of his slanted straw. She smiled +on him. But sister bronze outsmiled her, preening for him her richer +hair, a bosom and a rose. + +Smart Boylan bespoke potions. + +—What’s your cry? Glass of bitter? Glass of bitter, please, and a +sloegin for me. Wire in yet? + +Not yet. At four she. Who said four? + +Cowley’s red lugs and bulging apple in the door of the sheriff’s +office. + +Avoid. Goulding a chance. What is he doing in the Ormond? Car waiting. +Wait. + +Hello. Where off to? Something to eat? I too was just. In here. What, +Ormond? Best value in Dublin. Is that so? Diningroom. Sit tight there. +See, not be seen. I think I’ll join you. Come on. Richie led on. Bloom +followed bag. Dinner fit for a prince. + +Miss Douce reached high to take a flagon, stretching her satin arm, her +bust, that all but burst, so high. + +—O! O! jerked Lenehan, gasping at each stretch. O! + +But easily she seized her prey and led it low in triumph. + +—Why don’t you grow? asked Blazes Boylan. + +Shebronze, dealing from her oblique jar thick syrupy liquor for his +lips, looked as it flowed (flower in his coat: who gave him?), and +syrupped with her voice: + +—Fine goods in small parcels. + +That is to say she. Neatly she poured slowsyrupy sloe. + +—Here’s fortune, Blazes said. + +He pitched a broad coin down. Coin rang. + +—Hold on, said Lenehan, till I... + +—Fortune, he wished, lifting his bubbled ale. + +—Sceptre will win in a canter, he said. + +—I plunged a bit, said Boylan winking and drinking. Not on my own, you +know. Fancy of a friend of mine. + +Lenehan still drank and grinned at his tilted ale and at miss Douce’s +lips that all but hummed, not shut, the oceansong her lips had trilled. +Idolores. The eastern seas. + +Clock whirred. Miss Kennedy passed their way (flower, wonder who gave), +bearing away teatray. Clock clacked. + +Miss Douce took Boylan’s coin, struck boldly the cashregister. It +clanged. Clock clacked. Fair one of Egypt teased and sorted in the till +and hummed and handed coins in change. Look to the west. A clack. For +me. + +—What time is that? asked Blazes Boylan. Four? + +O’clock. + +Lenehan, small eyes ahunger on her humming, bust ahumming, tugged +Blazes Boylan’s elbowsleeve. + +—Let’s hear the time, he said. + +The bag of Goulding, Collis, Ward led Bloom by ryebloom flowered +tables. Aimless he chose with agitated aim, bald Pat attending, a table +near the door. Be near. At four. Has he forgotten? Perhaps a trick. Not +come: whet appetite. I couldn’t do. Wait, wait. Pat, waiter, waited. + +Sparkling bronze azure eyed Blazure’s skyblue bow and eyes. + +—Go on, pressed Lenehan. There’s no-one. He never heard. + +—... _to Flora’s lips did hie._ + +High, a high note pealed in the treble clear. + +Bronzedouce communing with her rose that sank and rose sought Blazes +Boylan’s flower and eyes. + +—Please, please. + +He pleaded over returning phrases of avowal. + +—_I could not leave thee_... + +—Afterwits, miss Douce promised coyly. + +—No, now, urged Lenehan. _Sonnez la cloche!_ O do! There’s no-one. + +She looked. Quick. Miss Kenn out of earshot. Sudden bent. Two kindling +faces watched her bend. + +Quavering the chords strayed from the air, found it again, lost chord, +and lost and found it, faltering. + +—Go on! Do! _Sonnez!_ + +Bending, she nipped a peak of skirt above her knee. Delayed. Taunted +them still, bending, suspending, with wilful eyes. + +_—Sonnez!_ + +Smack. She set free sudden in rebound her nipped elastic garter +smackwarm against her smackable a woman’s warmhosed thigh. + +—_La cloche!_ cried gleeful Lenehan. Trained by owner. No sawdust +there. + +She smilesmirked supercilious (wept! aren’t men?), but, lightward +gliding, mild she smiled on Boylan. + +—You’re the essence of vulgarity, she in gliding said. + +Boylan, eyed, eyed. Tossed to fat lips his chalice, drank off his +chalice tiny, sucking the last fat violet syrupy drops. His spellbound +eyes went after, after her gliding head as it went down the bar by +mirrors, gilded arch for ginger ale, hock and claret glasses +shimmering, a spiky shell, where it concerted, mirrored, bronze with +sunnier bronze. + +Yes, bronze from anearby. + +—... _Sweetheart, goodbye!_ + +—I’m off, said Boylan with impatience. + +He slid his chalice brisk away, grasped his change. + +—Wait a shake, begged Lenehan, drinking quickly. I wanted to tell you. +Tom Rochford... + +—Come on to blazes, said Blazes Boylan, going. + +Lenehan gulped to go. + +—Got the horn or what? he said. Wait. I’m coming. + +He followed the hasty creaking shoes but stood by nimbly by the +threshold, saluting forms, a bulky with a slender. + +—How do you do, Mr Dollard? + +—Eh? How do? How do? Ben Dollard’s vague bass answered, turning an +instant from Father Cowley’s woe. He won’t give you any trouble, Bob. +Alf Bergan will speak to the long fellow. We’ll put a barleystraw in +that Judas Iscariot’s ear this time. + +Sighing Mr Dedalus came through the saloon, a finger soothing an +eyelid. + +—Hoho, we will, Ben Dollard yodled jollily. Come on, Simon. Give us a +ditty. We heard the piano. + +Bald Pat, bothered waiter, waited for drink orders. Power for Richie. +And Bloom? Let me see. Not make him walk twice. His corns. Four now. +How warm this black is. Course nerves a bit. Refracts (is it?) heat. +Let me see. Cider. Yes, bottle of cider. + +—What’s that? Mr Dedalus said. I was only vamping, man. + +—Come on, come on, Ben Dollard called. Begone dull care. Come, Bob. + +He ambled Dollard, bulky slops, before them (hold that fellow with the: +hold him now) into the saloon. He plumped him Dollard on the stool. His +gouty paws plumped chords. Plumped, stopped abrupt. + +Bald Pat in the doorway met tealess gold returning. Bothered, he wanted +Power and cider. Bronze by the window, watched, bronze from afar. + +Jingle a tinkle jaunted. + +Bloom heard a jing, a little sound. He’s off. Light sob of breath Bloom +sighed on the silent bluehued flowers. Jingling. He’s gone. Jingle. +Hear. + +—Love and War, Ben, Mr Dedalus said. God be with old times. + +Miss Douce’s brave eyes, unregarded, turned from the crossblind, +smitten by sunlight. Gone. Pensive (who knows?), smitten (the smiting +light), she lowered the dropblind with a sliding cord. She drew down +pensive (why did he go so quick when I?) about her bronze, over the bar +where bald stood by sister gold, inexquisite contrast, contrast +inexquisite nonexquisite, slow cool dim seagreen sliding depth of +shadow, _eau de Nil._ + +—Poor old Goodwin was the pianist that night, Father Cowley reminded +them. There was a slight difference of opinion between himself and the +Collard grand. + +There was. + +—A symposium all his own, Mr Dedalus said. The devil wouldn’t stop him. +He was a crotchety old fellow in the primary stage of drink. + +—God, do you remember? Ben bulky Dollard said, turning from the +punished keyboard. And by Japers I had no wedding garment. + +They laughed all three. He had no wed. All trio laughed. No wedding +garment. + +—Our friend Bloom turned in handy that night, Mr Dedalus said. Where’s +my pipe, by the way? + +He wandered back to the bar to the lost chord pipe. Bald Pat carried +two diners’ drinks, Richie and Poldy. And Father Cowley laughed again. + +—I saved the situation, Ben, I think. + +—You did, averred Ben Dollard. I remember those tight trousers too. +That was a brilliant idea, Bob. + +Father Cowley blushed to his brilliant purply lobes. He saved the +situa. Tight trou. Brilliant ide. + +—I knew he was on the rocks, he said. The wife was playing the piano in +the coffee palace on Saturdays for a very trifling consideration and +who was it gave me the wheeze she was doing the other business? Do you +remember? We had to search all Holles street to find them till the chap +in Keogh’s gave us the number. Remember? + +Ben remembered, his broad visage wondering. + +—By God, she had some luxurious operacloaks and things there. + +Mr Dedalus wandered back, pipe in hand. + +—Merrion square style. Balldresses, by God, and court dresses. He +wouldn’t take any money either. What? Any God’s quantity of cocked hats +and boleros and trunkhose. What? + +—Ay, ay, Mr Dedalus nodded. Mrs Marion Bloom has left off clothes of +all descriptions. + +Jingle jaunted down the quays. Blazes sprawled on bounding tyres. + +Liver and bacon. Steak and kidney pie. Right, sir. Right, Pat. + +Mrs Marion. Met him pike hoses. Smell of burn. Of Paul de Kock. Nice +name he. + +—What’s this her name was? A buxom lassy. Marion... + +—Tweedy. + +—Yes. Is she alive? + +—And kicking. + +—She was a daughter of... + +—Daughter of the regiment. + +—Yes, begad. I remember the old drummajor. + +Mr Dedalus struck, whizzed, lit, puffed savoury puff after + +—Irish? I don’t know, faith. Is she, Simon? + +Puff after stiff, a puff, strong, savoury, crackling. + +—Buccinator muscle is... What?... Bit rusty... O, she is... My Irish +Molly, O. + +He puffed a pungent plumy blast. + +—From the rock of Gibraltar... all the way. + +They pined in depth of ocean shadow, gold by the beerpull, bronze by +maraschino, thoughtful all two. Mina Kennedy, 4 Lismore terrace, +Drumcondra with Idolores, a queen, Dolores, silent. + +Pat served, uncovered dishes. Leopold cut liverslices. As said before +he ate with relish the inner organs, nutty gizzards, fried cods’ roes +while Richie Goulding, Collis, Ward ate steak and kidney, steak then +kidney, bite by bite of pie he ate Bloom ate they ate. + +Bloom with Goulding, married in silence, ate. Dinners fit for princes. + +By Bachelor’s walk jogjaunty jingled Blazes Boylan, bachelor, in sun in +heat, mare’s glossy rump atrot, with flick of whip, on bounding tyres: +sprawled, warmseated, Boylan impatience, ardentbold. Horn. Have you +the? Horn. Have you the? Haw haw horn. + +Over their voices Dollard bassooned attack, booming over bombarding +chords: + +—_When love absorbs my ardent soul_... + +Roll of Bensoulbenjamin rolled to the quivery loveshivery roofpanes. + +—War! War! cried Father Cowley. You’re the warrior. + +—So I am, Ben Warrior laughed. I was thinking of your landlord. Love or +money. + +He stopped. He wagged huge beard, huge face over his blunder huge. + +—Sure, you’d burst the tympanum of her ear, man, Mr Dedalus said +through smoke aroma, with an organ like yours. + +In bearded abundant laughter Dollard shook upon the keyboard. He would. + +—Not to mention another membrane, Father Cowley added. Half time, Ben. +_Amoroso ma non troppo._ Let me there. + +Miss Kennedy served two gentlemen with tankards of cool stout. She +passed a remark. It was indeed, first gentleman said, beautiful +weather. They drank cool stout. Did she know where the lord lieutenant +was going? And heard steelhoofs ringhoof ring. No, she couldn’t say. +But it would be in the paper. O, she need not trouble. No trouble. She +waved about her outspread _Independent,_ searching, the lord +lieutenant, her pinnacles of hair slowmoving, lord lieuten. Too much +trouble, first gentleman said. O, not in the least. Way he looked that. +Lord lieutenant. Gold by bronze heard iron steel. + + —............ _my ardent soul +I care not foror the morrow._ + +In liver gravy Bloom mashed mashed potatoes. Love and War someone is. +Ben Dollard’s famous. Night he ran round to us to borrow a dress suit +for that concert. Trousers tight as a drum on him. Musical porkers. +Molly did laugh when he went out. Threw herself back across the bed, +screaming, kicking. With all his belongings on show. O saints above, +I’m drenched! O, the women in the front row! O, I never laughed so +many! Well, of course that’s what gives him the base barreltone. For +instance eunuchs. Wonder who’s playing. Nice touch. Must be Cowley. +Musical. Knows whatever note you play. Bad breath he has, poor chap. +Stopped. + +Miss Douce, engaging, Lydia Douce, bowed to suave solicitor, George +Lidwell, gentleman, entering. Good afternoon. She gave her moist (a +lady’s) hand to his firm clasp. Afternoon. Yes, she was back. To the +old dingdong again. + +—Your friends are inside, Mr Lidwell. + +George Lidwell, suave, solicited, held a lydiahand. + +Bloom ate liv as said before. Clean here at least. That chap in the +Burton, gummy with gristle. No-one here: Goulding and I. Clean tables, +flowers, mitres of napkins. Pat to and fro. Bald Pat. Nothing to do. +Best value in Dub. + +Piano again. Cowley it is. Way he sits in to it, like one together, +mutual understanding. Tiresome shapers scraping fiddles, eye on the +bowend, sawing the cello, remind you of toothache. Her high long snore. +Night we were in the box. Trombone under blowing like a grampus, +between the acts, other brass chap unscrewing, emptying spittle. +Conductor’s legs too, bagstrousers, jiggedy jiggedy. Do right to hide +them. + +Jiggedy jingle jaunty jaunty. + +Only the harp. Lovely. Gold glowering light. Girl touched it. Poop of a +lovely. Gravy’s rather good fit for a. Golden ship. Erin. The harp that +once or twice. Cool hands. Ben Howth, the rhododendrons. We are their +harps. I. He. Old. Young. + +—Ah, I couldn’t, man, Mr Dedalus said, shy, listless. + +Strongly. + +—Go on, blast you! Ben Dollard growled. Get it out in bits. + +—_M’appari,_ Simon, Father Cowley said. + +Down stage he strode some paces, grave, tall in affliction, his long +arms outheld. Hoarsely the apple of his throat hoarsed softly. Softly +he sang to a dusty seascape there: _A Last Farewell._ A headland, a +ship, a sail upon the billows. Farewell. A lovely girl, her veil awave +upon the wind upon the headland, wind around her. + +Cowley sang: + +_—M’appari tutt’amor: +Il mio sguardo l’incontr..._ + +She waved, unhearing Cowley, her veil, to one departing, dear one, to +wind, love, speeding sail, return. + +—Go on, Simon. + +—Ah, sure, my dancing days are done, Ben... Well... + +Mr Dedalus laid his pipe to rest beside the tuningfork and, sitting, +touched the obedient keys. + +—No, Simon, Father Cowley turned. Play it in the original. One flat. + +The keys, obedient, rose higher, told, faltered, confessed, confused. + +Up stage strode Father Cowley. + +—Here, Simon, I’ll accompany you, he said. Get up. + +By Graham Lemon’s pineapple rock, by Elvery’s elephant jingly jogged. + +Steak, kidney, liver, mashed, at meat fit for princes sat princes Bloom +and Goulding. Princes at meat they raised and drank, Power and cider. + +Most beautiful tenor air ever written, Richie said: _Sonnambula._ He +heard Joe Maas sing that one night. Ah, what M’Guckin! Yes. In his way. +Choirboy style. Maas was the boy. Massboy. A lyrical tenor if you like. +Never forget it. Never. + +Tenderly Bloom over liverless bacon saw the tightened features strain. +Backache he. Bright’s bright eye. Next item on the programme. Paying +the piper. Pills, pounded bread, worth a guinea a box. Stave it off +awhile. Sings too: _Down among the dead men._ Appropriate. Kidney pie. +Sweets to the. Not making much hand of it. Best value in. +Characteristic of him. Power. Particular about his drink. Flaw in the +glass, fresh Vartry water. Fecking matches from counters to save. Then +squander a sovereign in dribs and drabs. And when he’s wanted not a +farthing. Screwed refusing to pay his fare. Curious types. + +Never would Richie forget that night. As long as he lived: never. In +the gods of the old Royal with little Peake. And when the first note. + +Speech paused on Richie’s lips. + +Coming out with a whopper now. Rhapsodies about damn all. Believes his +own lies. Does really. Wonderful liar. But want a good memory. + +—Which air is that? asked Leopold Bloom. + +—_All is lost now_. + +Richie cocked his lips apout. A low incipient note sweet banshee +murmured: all. A thrush. A throstle. His breath, birdsweet, good teeth +he’s proud of, fluted with plaintive woe. Is lost. Rich sound. Two +notes in one there. Blackbird I heard in the hawthorn valley. Taking my +motives he twined and turned them. All most too new call is lost in +all. Echo. How sweet the answer. How is that done? All lost now. +Mournful he whistled. Fall, surrender, lost. + +Bloom bent leopold ear, turning a fringe of doyley down under the vase. +Order. Yes, I remember. Lovely air. In sleep she went to him. Innocence +in the moon. Brave. Don’t know their danger. Still hold her back. Call +name. Touch water. Jingle jaunty. Too late. She longed to go. That’s +why. Woman. As easy stop the sea. Yes: all is lost. + +—A beautiful air, said Bloom lost Leopold. I know it well. + +Never in all his life had Richie Goulding. + +He knows it well too. Or he feels. Still harping on his daughter. Wise +child that knows her father, Dedalus said. Me? + +Bloom askance over liverless saw. Face of the all is lost. Rollicking +Richie once. Jokes old stale now. Wagging his ear. Napkinring in his +eye. Now begging letters he sends his son with. Crosseyed Walter sir I +did sir. Wouldn’t trouble only I was expecting some money. Apologise. + +Piano again. Sounds better than last time I heard. Tuned probably. +Stopped again. + +Dollard and Cowley still urged the lingering singer out with it. + +—With it, Simon. + +—It, Simon. + +—Ladies and gentlemen, I am most deeply obliged by your kind +solicitations. + +—It, Simon. + +—I have no money but if you will lend me your attention I shall +endeavour to sing to you of a heart bowed down. + +By the sandwichbell in screening shadow Lydia, her bronze and rose, a +lady’s grace, gave and withheld: as in cool glaucous _eau de Nil_ Mina +to tankards two her pinnacles of gold. + +The harping chords of prelude closed. A chord, longdrawn, expectant, +drew a voice away. + +—_When first I saw that form endearing_... + +Richie turned. + +—Si Dedalus’ voice, he said. + +Braintipped, cheek touched with flame, they listened feeling that flow +endearing flow over skin limbs human heart soul spine. Bloom signed to +Pat, bald Pat is a waiter hard of hearing, to set ajar the door of the +bar. The door of the bar. So. That will do. Pat, waiter, waited, +waiting to hear, for he was hard of hear by the door. + +—_Sorrow from me seemed to depart._ + +Through the hush of air a voice sang to them, low, not rain, not leaves +in murmur, like no voice of strings or reeds or whatdoyoucallthem +dulcimers touching their still ears with words, still hearts of their +each his remembered lives. Good, good to hear: sorrow from them each +seemed to from both depart when first they heard. When first they saw, +lost Richie Poldy, mercy of beauty, heard from a person wouldn’t expect +it in the least, her first merciful lovesoft oftloved word. + +Love that is singing: love’s old sweet song. Bloom unwound slowly the +elastic band of his packet. Love’s old sweet _sonnez la_ gold. Bloom +wound a skein round four forkfingers, stretched it, relaxed, and wound +it round his troubled double, fourfold, in octave, gyved them fast. + +—_Full of hope and all delighted_... + +Tenors get women by the score. Increase their flow. Throw flower at his +feet. When will we meet? My head it simply. Jingle all delighted. He +can’t sing for tall hats. Your head it simply swurls. Perfumed for him. +What perfume does your wife? I want to know. Jing. Stop. Knock. Last +look at mirror always before she answers the door. The hall. There? How +do you? I do well. There? What? Or? Phial of cachous, kissing comfits, +in her satchel. Yes? Hands felt for the opulent. + +Alas the voice rose, sighing, changed: loud, full, shining, proud. + +—_But alas, ’twas idle dreaming_... + +Glorious tone he has still. Cork air softer also their brogue. Silly +man! Could have made oceans of money. Singing wrong words. Wore out his +wife: now sings. But hard to tell. Only the two themselves. If he +doesn’t break down. Keep a trot for the avenue. His hands and feet sing +too. Drink. Nerves overstrung. Must be abstemious to sing. Jenny Lind +soup: stock, sage, raw eggs, half pint of cream. For creamy dreamy. + +Tenderness it welled: slow, swelling, full it throbbed. That’s the +chat. Ha, give! Take! Throb, a throb, a pulsing proud erect. + +Words? Music? No: it’s what’s behind. + +Bloom looped, unlooped, noded, disnoded. + +Bloom. Flood of warm jamjam lickitup secretness flowed to flow in music +out, in desire, dark to lick flow invading. Tipping her tepping her +tapping her topping her. Tup. Pores to dilate dilating. Tup. The joy +the feel the warm the. Tup. To pour o’er sluices pouring gushes. Flood, +gush, flow, joygush, tupthrob. Now! Language of love. + +—... _ray of hope is_... + +Beaming. Lydia for Lidwell squeak scarcely hear so ladylike the muse +unsqueaked a ray of hopk. + +_Martha_ it is. Coincidence. Just going to write. Lionel’s song. Lovely +name you have. Can’t write. Accept my little pres. Play on her +heartstrings pursestrings too. She’s a. I called you naughty boy. Still +the name: Martha. How strange! Today. + +The voice of Lionel returned, weaker but unwearied. It sang again to +Richie Poldy Lydia Lidwell also sang to Pat open mouth ear waiting to +wait. How first he saw that form endearing, how sorrow seemed to part, +how look, form, word charmed him Gould Lidwell, won Pat Bloom’s heart. + +Wish I could see his face, though. Explain better. Why the barber in +Drago’s always looked my face when I spoke his face in the glass. Still +hear it better here than in the bar though farther. + +—_Each graceful look_... + +First night when first I saw her at Mat Dillon’s in Terenure. Yellow, +black lace she wore. Musical chairs. We two the last. Fate. After her. +Fate. Round and round slow. Quick round. We two. All looked. Halt. Down +she sat. All ousted looked. Lips laughing. Yellow knees. + +—_Charmed my eye_... + +Singing. _Waiting_ she sang. I turned her music. Full voice of perfume +of what perfume does your lilactrees. Bosom I saw, both full, throat +warbling. First I saw. She thanked me. Why did she me? Fate. Spanishy +eyes. Under a peartree alone patio this hour in old Madrid one side in +shadow Dolores shedolores. At me. Luring. Ah, alluring. + +—_Martha! Ah, Martha!_ + +Quitting all languor Lionel cried in grief, in cry of passion dominant +to love to return with deepening yet with rising chords of harmony. In +cry of lionel loneliness that she should know, must martha feel. For +only her he waited. Where? Here there try there here all try where. +Somewhere. + +—_Co-ome, thou lost one! + +Co-ome, thou dear one!_ + +Alone. One love. One hope. One comfort me. Martha, chestnote, return! + +_—Come!_ + +It soared, a bird, it held its flight, a swift pure cry, soar silver +orb it leaped serene, speeding, sustained, to come, don’t spin it out +too long long breath he breath long life, soaring high, high +resplendent, aflame, crowned, high in the effulgence symbolistic, high, +of the etherial bosom, high, of the high vast irradiation everywhere +all soaring all around about the all, the endlessnessnessness... + +—_To me!_ + +Siopold! + +Consumed. + +Come. Well sung. All clapped. She ought to. Come. To me, to him, to +her, you too, me, us. + +—Bravo! Clapclap. Good man, Simon. Clappyclapclap. Encore! Clapclipclap +clap. Sound as a bell. Bravo, Simon! Clapclopclap. Encore, enclap, +said, cried, clapped all, Ben Dollard, Lydia Douce, George Lidwell, +Pat, Mina Kennedy, two gentlemen with two tankards, Cowley, first gent +with tank and bronze Miss Douce and gold Miss Mina. + +Blazes Boylan’s smart tan shoes creaked on the barfloor, said before. +Jingle by monuments of sir John Gray, Horatio onehandled Nelson, +reverend father Theobald Mathew, jaunted, as said before just now. +Atrot, in heat, heatseated. _Cloche. Sonnez la. Cloche. Sonnez la._ +Slower the mare went up the hill by the Rotunda, Rutland square. Too +slow for Boylan, blazes Boylan, impatience Boylan, joggled the mare. + +An afterclang of Cowley’s chords closed, died on the air made richer. + +And Richie Goulding drank his Power and Leopold Bloom his cider drank, +Lidwell his Guinness, second gentleman said they would partake of two +more tankards if she did not mind. Miss Kennedy smirked, disserving, +coral lips, at first, at second. She did not mind. + +—Seven days in jail, Ben Dollard said, on bread and water. Then you’d +sing, Simon, like a garden thrush. + +Lionel Simon, singer, laughed. Father Bob Cowley played. Mina Kennedy +served. Second gentleman paid. Tom Kernan strutted in. Lydia, admired, +admired. But Bloom sang dumb. + +Admiring. + +Richie, admiring, descanted on that man’s glorious voice. He remembered +one night long ago. Never forget that night. Si sang _’Twas rank and +fame_: in Ned Lambert’s ’twas. Good God he never heard in all his life +a note like that he never did _then false one we had better part_ so +clear so God he never heard _since love lives not_ a clinking voice +lives not ask Lambert he can tell you too. + +Goulding, a flush struggling in his pale, told Mr Bloom, face of the +night, Si in Ned Lambert’s, Dedalus house, sang _’Twas rank and fame._ + +He, Mr Bloom, listened while he, Richie Goulding, told him, Mr Bloom, +of the night he, Richie, heard him, Si Dedalus, sing _’Twas rank and +fame_ in his, Ned Lambert’s, house. + +Brothers-in-law: relations. We never speak as we pass by. Rift in the +lute I think. Treats him with scorn. See. He admires him all the more. +The night Si sang. The human voice, two tiny silky chords, wonderful, +more than all others. + +That voice was a lamentation. Calmer now. It’s in the silence after you +feel you hear. Vibrations. Now silent air. + +Bloom ungyved his crisscrossed hands and with slack fingers plucked the +slender catgut thong. He drew and plucked. It buzz, it twanged. While +Goulding talked of Barraclough’s voice production, while Tom Kernan, +harking back in a retrospective sort of arrangement talked to listening +Father Cowley, who played a voluntary, who nodded as he played. While +big Ben Dollard talked with Simon Dedalus, lighting, who nodded as he +smoked, who smoked. + +Thou lost one. All songs on that theme. Yet more Bloom stretched his +string. Cruel it seems. Let people get fond of each other: lure them +on. Then tear asunder. Death. Explos. Knock on the head. +Outtohelloutofthat. Human life. Dignam. Ugh, that rat’s tail wriggling! +Five bob I gave. _Corpus paradisum._ Corncrake croaker: belly like a +poisoned pup. Gone. They sing. Forgotten. I too. And one day she with. +Leave her: get tired. Suffer then. Snivel. Big spanishy eyes goggling +at nothing. Her wavyavyeavyheavyeavyevyevyhair un comb:’d. + +Yet too much happy bores. He stretched more, more. Are you not happy in +your? Twang. It snapped. + +Jingle into Dorset street. + +Miss Douce withdrew her satiny arm, reproachful, pleased. + +—Don’t make half so free, said she, till we are better acquainted. + +George Lidwell told her really and truly: but she did not believe. + +First gentleman told Mina that was so. She asked him was that so. And +second tankard told her so. That that was so. + +Miss Douce, miss Lydia, did not believe: miss Kennedy, Mina, did not +believe: George Lidwell, no: miss Dou did not: the first, the first: +gent with the tank: believe, no, no: did not, miss Kenn: Lidlydiawell: +the tank. + +Better write it here. Quills in the postoffice chewed and twisted. + +Bald Pat at a sign drew nigh. A pen and ink. He went. A pad. He went. A +pad to blot. He heard, deaf Pat. + +—Yes, Mr Bloom said, teasing the curling catgut line. It certainly is. +Few lines will do. My present. All that Italian florid music is. Who is +this wrote? Know the name you know better. Take out sheet notepaper, +envelope: unconcerned. It’s so characteristic. + +—Grandest number in the whole opera, Goulding said. + +—It is, Bloom said. + +Numbers it is. All music when you come to think. Two multiplied by two +divided by half is twice one. Vibrations: chords those are. One plus +two plus six is seven. Do anything you like with figures juggling. +Always find out this equal to that. Symmetry under a cemetery wall. He +doesn’t see my mourning. Callous: all for his own gut. Musemathematics. +And you think you’re listening to the etherial. But suppose you said it +like: Martha, seven times nine minus x is thirtyfive thousand. Fall +quite flat. It’s on account of the sounds it is. + +Instance he’s playing now. Improvising. Might be what you like, till +you hear the words. Want to listen sharp. Hard. Begin all right: then +hear chords a bit off: feel lost a bit. In and out of sacks, over +barrels, through wirefences, obstacle race. Time makes the tune. +Question of mood you’re in. Still always nice to hear. Except scales up +and down, girls learning. Two together nextdoor neighbours. Ought to +invent dummy pianos for that. _Blumenlied_ I bought for her. The name. +Playing it slow, a girl, night I came home, the girl. Door of the +stables near Cecilia street. Milly no taste. Queer because we both, I +mean. + +Bald deaf Pat brought quite flat pad ink. Pat set with ink pen quite +flat pad. Pat took plate dish knife fork. Pat went. + +It was the only language Mr Dedalus said to Ben. He heard them as a boy +in Ringabella, Crosshaven, Ringabella, singing their barcaroles. +Queenstown harbour full of Italian ships. Walking, you know, Ben, in +the moonlight with those earthquake hats. Blending their voices. God, +such music, Ben. Heard as a boy. Cross Ringabella haven mooncarole. + +Sour pipe removed he held a shield of hand beside his lips that cooed a +moonlight nightcall, clear from anear, a call from afar, replying. + +Down the edge of his _Freeman_ baton ranged Bloom’s, your other eye, +scanning for where did I see that. Callan, Coleman, Dignam Patrick. +Heigho! Heigho! Fawcett. Aha! Just I was looking... + +Hope he’s not looking, cute as a rat. He held unfurled his _Freeman._ +Can’t see now. Remember write Greek ees. Bloom dipped, Bloo mur: dear +sir. Dear Henry wrote: dear Mady. Got your lett and flow. Hell did I +put? Some pock or oth. It is utterl imposs. Underline _imposs._ To +write today. + +Bore this. Bored Bloom tambourined gently with I am just reflecting +fingers on flat pad Pat brought. + +On. Know what I mean. No, change that ee. Accep my poor litt pres +enclos. Ask her no answ. Hold on. Five Dig. Two about here. Penny the +gulls. Elijah is com. Seven Davy Byrne’s. Is eight about. Say half a +crown. My poor little pres: p. o. two and six. Write me a long. Do you +despise? Jingle, have you the? So excited. Why do you call me naught? +You naughty too? O, Mairy lost the string of her. Bye for today. Yes, +yes, will tell you. Want to. To keep it up. Call me that other. Other +world she wrote. My patience are exhaust. To keep it up. You must +believe. Believe. The tank. It. Is. True. + +Folly am I writing? Husbands don’t. That’s marriage does, their wives. +Because I’m away from. Suppose. But how? She must. Keep young. If she +found out. Card in my high grade ha. No, not tell all. Useless pain. If +they don’t see. Woman. Sauce for the gander. + +A hackney car, number three hundred and twentyfour, driver Barton James +of number one Harmony avenue, Donnybrook, on which sat a fare, a young +gentleman, stylishly dressed in an indigoblue serge suit made by George +Robert Mesias, tailor and cutter, of number five Eden quay, and wearing +a straw hat very dressy, bought of John Plasto of number one Great +Brunswick street, hatter. Eh? This is the jingle that joggled and +jingled. By Dlugacz’ porkshop bright tubes of Agendath trotted a +gallantbuttocked mare. + +—Answering an ad? keen Richie’s eyes asked Bloom. + +—Yes, Mr Bloom said. Town traveller. Nothing doing, I expect. + +Bloom mur: best references. But Henry wrote: it will excite me. You +know how. In haste. Henry. Greek ee. Better add postscript. What is he +playing now? Improvising. Intermezzo. P. S. The rum tum tum. How will +you pun? You punish me? Crooked skirt swinging, whack by. Tell me I +want to. Know. O. Course if I didn’t I wouldn’t ask. La la la ree. +Trails off there sad in minor. Why minor sad? Sign H. They like sad +tail at end. P. P. S. La la la ree. I feel so sad today. La ree. So +lonely. Dee. + +He blotted quick on pad of Pat. Envel. Address. Just copy out of paper. +Murmured: Messrs Callan, Coleman and Co, limited. Henry wrote: + +Miss Martha Clifford + c/o P. O. + Dolphin’s Barn Lane + Dublin. + +Blot over the other so he can’t read. There. Right. Idea prize titbit. +Something detective read off blottingpad. Payment at the rate of guinea +per col. Matcham often thinks the laughing witch. Poor Mrs Purefoy. U. +P: up. + +Too poetical that about the sad. Music did that. Music hath charms. +Shakespeare said. Quotations every day in the year. To be or not to be. +Wisdom while you wait. + +In Gerard’s rosery of Fetter lane he walks, greyedauburn. One life is +all. One body. Do. But do. + +Done anyhow. Postal order, stamp. Postoffice lower down. Walk now. +Enough. Barney Kiernan’s I promised to meet them. Dislike that job. +House of mourning. Walk. Pat! Doesn’t hear. Deaf beetle he is. + +Car near there now. Talk. Talk. Pat! Doesn’t. Settling those napkins. +Lot of ground he must cover in the day. Paint face behind on him then +he’d be two. Wish they’d sing more. Keep my mind off. + +Bald Pat who is bothered mitred the napkins. Pat is a waiter hard of +his hearing. Pat is a waiter who waits while you wait. Hee hee hee hee. +He waits while you wait. Hee hee. A waiter is he. Hee hee hee hee. He +waits while you wait. While you wait if you wait he will wait while you +wait. Hee hee hee hee. Hoh. Wait while you wait. + +Douce now. Douce Lydia. Bronze and rose. + +She had a gorgeous, simply gorgeous, time. And look at the lovely shell +she brought. + +To the end of the bar to him she bore lightly the spiked and winding +seahorn that he, George Lidwell, solicitor, might hear. + +—Listen! she bade him. + +Under Tom Kernan’s ginhot words the accompanist wove music slow. +Authentic fact. How Walter Bapty lost his voice. Well, sir, the husband +took him by the throat. _Scoundrel,_ said he, _You’ll sing no more +lovesongs._ He did, faith, sir Tom. Bob Cowley wove. Tenors get wom. +Cowley lay back. + +Ah, now he heard, she holding it to his ear. Hear! He heard. Wonderful. +She held it to her own. And through the sifted light pale gold in +contrast glided. To hear. + +Tap. + +Bloom through the bardoor saw a shell held at their ears. He heard more +faintly that that they heard, each for herself alone, then each for +other, hearing the plash of waves, loudly, a silent roar. + +Bronze by a weary gold, anear, afar, they listened. + +Her ear too is a shell, the peeping lobe there. Been to the seaside. +Lovely seaside girls. Skin tanned raw. Should have put on coldcream +first make it brown. Buttered toast. O and that lotion mustn’t forget. +Fever near her mouth. Your head it simply. Hair braided over: shell +with seaweed. Why do they hide their ears with seaweed hair? And Turks +the mouth, why? Her eyes over the sheet. Yashmak. Find the way in. A +cave. No admittance except on business. + +The sea they think they hear. Singing. A roar. The blood it is. Souse +in the ear sometimes. Well, it’s a sea. Corpuscle islands. + +Wonderful really. So distinct. Again. George Lidwell held its murmur, +hearing: then laid it by, gently. + +—What are the wild waves saying? he asked her, smiled. + +Charming, seasmiling and unanswering Lydia on Lidwell smiled. + +Tap. + +By Larry O’Rourke’s, by Larry, bold Larry O’, Boylan swayed and Boylan +turned. + +From the forsaken shell miss Mina glided to her tankards waiting. No, +she was not so lonely archly miss Douce’s head let Mr Lidwell know. +Walks in the moonlight by the sea. No, not alone. With whom? She nobly +answered: with a gentleman friend. + +Bob Cowley’s twinkling fingers in the treble played again. The landlord +has the prior. A little time. Long John. Big Ben. Lightly he played a +light bright tinkling measure for tripping ladies, arch and smiling, +and for their gallants, gentlemen friends. One: one, one, one, one, +one: two, one, three, four. + +Sea, wind, leaves, thunder, waters, cows lowing, the cattlemarket, +cocks, hens don’t crow, snakes hissss. There’s music everywhere. +Ruttledge’s door: ee creaking. No, that’s noise. Minuet of _Don +Giovanni_ he’s playing now. Court dresses of all descriptions in castle +chambers dancing. Misery. Peasants outside. Green starving faces eating +dockleaves. Nice that is. Look: look, look, look, look, look: you look +at us. + +That’s joyful I can feel. Never have written it. Why? My joy is other +joy. But both are joys. Yes, joy it must be. Mere fact of music shows +you are. Often thought she was in the dumps till she began to lilt. +Then know. + +M’Coy valise. My wife and your wife. Squealing cat. Like tearing silk. +Tongue when she talks like the clapper of a bellows. They can’t manage +men’s intervals. Gap in their voices too. Fill me. I’m warm, dark, +open. Molly in _quis est homo_: Mercadante. My ear against the wall to +hear. Want a woman who can deliver the goods. + +Jog jig jogged stopped. Dandy tan shoe of dandy Boylan socks skyblue +clocks came light to earth. + +O, look we are so! Chamber music. Could make a kind of pun on that. It +is a kind of music I often thought when she. Acoustics that is. +Tinkling. Empty vessels make most noise. Because the acoustics, the +resonance changes according as the weight of the water is equal to the +law of falling water. Like those rhapsodies of Liszt’s, Hungarian, +gipsyeyed. Pearls. Drops. Rain. Diddleiddle addleaddle ooddleooddle. +Hissss. Now. Maybe now. Before. + +One rapped on a door, one tapped with a knock, did he knock Paul de +Kock with a loud proud knocker with a cock carracarracarra cock. +Cockcock. + +Tap. + +—_Qui sdegno,_ Ben, said Father Cowley. + +—No, Ben, Tom Kernan interfered. _The Croppy Boy._ Our native Doric. + +—Ay do, Ben, Mr Dedalus said. Good men and true. + +—Do, do, they begged in one. + +I’ll go. Here, Pat, return. Come. He came, he came, he did not stay. To +me. How much? + +—What key? Six sharps? + +—F sharp major, Ben Dollard said. + +Bob Cowley’s outstretched talons griped the black deepsounding chords. + +Must go prince Bloom told Richie prince. No, Richie said. Yes, must. +Got money somewhere. He’s on for a razzle backache spree. Much? He +seehears lipspeech. One and nine. Penny for yourself. Here. Give him +twopence tip. Deaf, bothered. But perhaps he has wife and family +waiting, waiting Patty come home. Hee hee hee hee. Deaf wait while they +wait. + +But wait. But hear. Chords dark. Lugugugubrious. Low. In a cave of the +dark middle earth. Embedded ore. Lumpmusic. + +The voice of dark age, of unlove, earth’s fatigue made grave approach +and painful, come from afar, from hoary mountains, called on good men +and true. The priest he sought. With him would he speak a word. + +Tap. + +Ben Dollard’s voice. Base barreltone. Doing his level best to say it. +Croak of vast manless moonless womoonless marsh. Other comedown. Big +ships’ chandler’s business he did once. Remember: rosiny ropes, ships’ +lanterns. Failed to the tune of ten thousand pounds. Now in the Iveagh +home. Cubicle number so and so. Number one Bass did that for him. + +The priest’s at home. A false priest’s servant bade him welcome. Step +in. The holy father. With bows a traitor servant. Curlycues of chords. + +Ruin them. Wreck their lives. Then build them cubicles to end their +days in. Hushaby. Lullaby. Die, dog. Little dog, die. + +The voice of warning, solemn warning, told them the youth had entered a +lonely hall, told them how solemn fell his footsteps there, told them +the gloomy chamber, the vested priest sitting to shrive. + +Decent soul. Bit addled now. Thinks he’ll win in _Answers_, poets’ +picture puzzle. We hand you crisp five pound note. Bird sitting +hatching in a nest. Lay of the last minstrel he thought it was. See +blank tee what domestic animal? Tee dash ar most courageous mariner. +Good voice he has still. No eunuch yet with all his belongings. + +Listen. Bloom listened. Richie Goulding listened. And by the door deaf +Pat, bald Pat, tipped Pat, listened. + +The chords harped slower. + +The voice of penance and of grief came slow, embellished, tremulous. +Ben’s contrite beard confessed. _in nomine Domini,_ in God’s name he +knelt. He beat his hand upon his breast, confessing: _mea culpa._ + +Latin again. That holds them like birdlime. Priest with the communion +corpus for those women. Chap in the mortuary, coffin or coffey, +_corpusnomine._ Wonder where that rat is by now. Scrape. + +Tap. + +They listened. Tankards and miss Kennedy. George Lidwell, eyelid well +expressive, fullbusted satin. Kernan. Si. + +The sighing voice of sorrow sang. His sins. Since Easter he had cursed +three times. You bitch’s bast. And once at masstime he had gone to +play. Once by the churchyard he had passed and for his mother’s rest he +had not prayed. A boy. A croppy boy. + +Bronze, listening, by the beerpull gazed far away. Soulfully. Doesn’t +half know I’m. Molly great dab at seeing anyone looking. + +Bronze gazed far sideways. Mirror there. Is that best side of her face? +They always know. Knock at the door. Last tip to titivate. + +Cockcarracarra. + +What do they think when they hear music? Way to catch rattlesnakes. +Night Michael Gunn gave us the box. Tuning up. Shah of Persia liked +that best. Remind him of home sweet home. Wiped his nose in curtain +too. Custom his country perhaps. That’s music too. Not as bad as it +sounds. Tootling. Brasses braying asses through uptrunks. Doublebasses +helpless, gashes in their sides. Woodwinds mooing cows. Semigrand open +crocodile music hath jaws. Woodwind like Goodwin’s name. + +She looked fine. Her crocus dress she wore lowcut, belongings on show. +Clove her breath was always in theatre when she bent to ask a question. +Told her what Spinoza says in that book of poor papa’s. Hypnotised, +listening. Eyes like that. She bent. Chap in dresscircle staring down +into her with his operaglass for all he was worth. Beauty of music you +must hear twice. Nature woman half a look. God made the country man the +tune. Met him pike hoses. Philosophy. O rocks! + +All gone. All fallen. At the siege of Ross his father, at Gorey all his +brothers fell. To Wexford, we are the boys of Wexford, he would. Last +of his name and race. + +I too. Last of my race. Milly young student. Well, my fault perhaps. No +son. Rudy. Too late now. Or if not? If not? If still? + +He bore no hate. + +Hate. Love. Those are names. Rudy. Soon I am old. + +Big Ben his voice unfolded. Great voice Richie Goulding said, a flush +struggling in his pale, to Bloom soon old. But when was young? + +Ireland comes now. My country above the king. She listens. Who fears to +speak of nineteen four? Time to be shoving. Looked enough. + +—_Bless me, father,_ Dollard the croppy cried. _Bless me and let me +go._ + +Tap. + +Bloom looked, unblessed to go. Got up to kill: on eighteen bob a week. +Fellows shell out the dibs. Want to keep your weathereye open. Those +girls, those lovely. By the sad sea waves. Chorusgirl’s romance. +Letters read out for breach of promise. From Chickabiddy’s owny +Mumpsypum. Laughter in court. Henry. I never signed it. The lovely name +you. + +Low sank the music, air and words. Then hastened. The false priest +rustling soldier from his cassock. A yeoman captain. They know it all +by heart. The thrill they itch for. Yeoman cap. + +Tap. Tap. + +Thrilled she listened, bending in sympathy to hear. + +Blank face. Virgin should say: or fingered only. Write something on it: +page. If not what becomes of them? Decline, despair. Keeps them young. +Even admire themselves. See. Play on her. Lip blow. Body of white +woman, a flute alive. Blow gentle. Loud. Three holes, all women. +Goddess I didn’t see. They want it. Not too much polite. That’s why he +gets them. Gold in your pocket, brass in your face. Say something. Make +her hear. With look to look. Songs without words. Molly, that +hurdygurdy boy. She knew he meant the monkey was sick. Or because so +like the Spanish. Understand animals too that way. Solomon did. Gift of +nature. + +Ventriloquise. My lips closed. Think in my stom. What? + +Will? You? I. Want. You. To. + +With hoarse rude fury the yeoman cursed, swelling in apoplectic bitch’s +bastard. A good thought, boy, to come. One hour’s your time to live, +your last. + +Tap. Tap. + +Thrill now. Pity they feel. To wipe away a tear for martyrs that want +to, dying to, die. For all things dying, for all things born. Poor Mrs +Purefoy. Hope she’s over. Because their wombs. + +A liquid of womb of woman eyeball gazed under a fence of lashes, +calmly, hearing. See real beauty of the eye when she not speaks. On +yonder river. At each slow satiny heaving bosom’s wave (her heaving +embon) red rose rose slowly sank red rose. Heartbeats: her breath: +breath that is life. And all the tiny tiny fernfoils trembled of +maidenhair. + +But look. The bright stars fade. O rose! Castile. The morn. Ha. +Lidwell. For him then not for. Infatuated. I like that? See her from +here though. Popped corks, splashes of beerfroth, stacks of empties. + +On the smooth jutting beerpull laid Lydia hand, lightly, plumply, leave +it to my hands. All lost in pity for croppy. Fro, to: to, fro: over the +polished knob (she knows his eyes, my eyes, her eyes) her thumb and +finger passed in pity: passed, reposed and, gently touching, then slid +so smoothly, slowly down, a cool firm white enamel baton protruding +through their sliding ring. + +With a cock with a carra. + +Tap. Tap. Tap. + +I hold this house. Amen. He gnashed in fury. Traitors swing. + +The chords consented. Very sad thing. But had to be. + +Get out before the end. Thanks, that was heavenly. Where’s my hat. Pass +by her. Can leave that _Freeman_. Letter I have. Suppose she were the? +No. Walk, walk, walk. Like Cashel Boylo Connoro Coylo Tisdall Maurice +Tisntdall Farrell. Waaaaaaalk. + +Well, I must be. Are you off? Yrfmstbyes. Blmstup. O’er ryehigh blue. +Ow. Bloom stood up. Soap feeling rather sticky behind. Must have +sweated: music. That lotion, remember. Well, so long. High grade. Card +inside. Yes. + +By deaf Pat in the doorway straining ear Bloom passed. + +At Geneva barrack that young man died. At Passage was his body laid. +Dolor! O, he dolores! The voice of the mournful chanter called to +dolorous prayer. + +By rose, by satiny bosom, by the fondling hand, by slops, by empties, +by popped corks, greeting in going, past eyes and maidenhair, bronze +and faint gold in deepseashadow, went Bloom, soft Bloom, I feel so +lonely Bloom. + +Tap. Tap. Tap. + +Pray for him, prayed the bass of Dollard. You who hear in peace. +Breathe a prayer, drop a tear, good men, good people. He was the croppy +boy. + +Scaring eavesdropping boots croppy bootsboy Bloom in the Ormond hallway +heard the growls and roars of bravo, fat backslapping, their boots all +treading, boots not the boots the boy. General chorus off for a swill +to wash it down. Glad I avoided. + +—Come on, Ben, Simon Dedalus cried. By God, you’re as good as ever you +were. + +—Better, said Tomgin Kernan. Most trenchant rendition of that ballad, +upon my soul and honour it is. + +—Lablache, said Father Cowley. + +Ben Dollard bulkily cachuchad towards the bar, mightily praisefed and +all big roseate, on heavyfooted feet, his gouty fingers nakkering +castagnettes in the air. + +Big Benaben Dollard. Big Benben. Big Benben. + +Rrr. + +And deepmoved all, Simon trumping compassion from foghorn nose, all +laughing they brought him forth, Ben Dollard, in right good cheer. + +—You’re looking rubicund, George Lidwell said. + +Miss Douce composed her rose to wait. + +—Ben machree, said Mr Dedalus, clapping Ben’s fat back shoulderblade. +Fit as a fiddle only he has a lot of adipose tissue concealed about his +person. + +Rrrrrrrsss. + +—Fat of death, Simon, Ben Dollard growled. + +Richie rift in the lute alone sat: Goulding, Collis, Ward. Uncertainly +he waited. Unpaid Pat too. + +Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. + +Miss Mina Kennedy brought near her lips to ear of tankard one. + +—Mr Dollard, they murmured low. + +—Dollard, murmured tankard. + +Tank one believed: miss Kenn when she: that doll he was: she doll: the +tank. + +He murmured that he knew the name. The name was familiar to him, that +is to say. That was to say he had heard the name of. Dollard, was it? +Dollard, yes. + +Yes, her lips said more loudly, Mr Dollard. He sang that song lovely, +murmured Mina. Mr Dollard. And _The last rose of summer_ was a lovely +song. Mina loved that song. Tankard loved the song that Mina. + +’Tis the last rose of summer dollard left bloom felt wind wound round +inside. + +Gassy thing that cider: binding too. Wait. Postoffice near Reuben J’s +one and eightpence too. Get shut of it. Dodge round by Greek street. +Wish I hadn’t promised to meet. Freer in air. Music. Gets on your +nerves. Beerpull. Her hand that rocks the cradle rules the. Ben Howth. +That rules the world. + +Far. Far. Far. Far. + +Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. + +Up the quay went Lionelleopold, naughty Henry with letter for Mady, +with sweets of sin with frillies for Raoul with met him pike hoses went +Poldy on. + +Tap blind walked tapping by the tap the curbstone tapping, tap by tap. + +Cowley, he stuns himself with it: kind of drunkenness. Better give way +only half way the way of a man with a maid. Instance enthusiasts. All +ears. Not lose a demisemiquaver. Eyes shut. Head nodding in time. +Dotty. You daren’t budge. Thinking strictly prohibited. Always talking +shop. Fiddlefaddle about notes. + +All a kind of attempt to talk. Unpleasant when it stops because you +never know exac. Organ in Gardiner street. Old Glynn fifty quid a year. +Queer up there in the cockloft, alone, with stops and locks and keys. +Seated all day at the organ. Maunder on for hours, talking to himself +or the other fellow blowing the bellows. Growl angry, then shriek +cursing (want to have wadding or something in his no don’t she cried), +then all of a soft sudden wee little wee little pipy wind. + +Pwee! A wee little wind piped eeee. In Bloom’s little wee. + +—Was he? Mr Dedalus said, returning with fetched pipe. I was with him +this morning at poor little Paddy Dignam’s... + +—Ay, the Lord have mercy on him. + +—By the bye there’s a tuningfork in there on the... + +Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. + +—The wife has a fine voice. Or had. What? Lidwell asked. + +—O, that must be the tuner, Lydia said to Simonlionel first I saw, +forgot it when he was here. + +Blind he was she told George Lidwell second I saw. And played so +exquisitely, treat to hear. Exquisite contrast: bronzelid, minagold. + +—Shout! Ben Dollard shouted, pouring. Sing out! + +—’lldo! cried Father Cowley. + +Rrrrrr. + +I feel I want... + +Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap + +—Very, Mr Dedalus said, staring hard at a headless sardine. + +Under the sandwichbell lay on a bier of bread one last, one lonely, +last sardine of summer. Bloom alone. + +—Very, he stared. The lower register, for choice. + +Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. + +Bloom went by Barry’s. Wish I could. Wait. That wonderworker if I had. +Twentyfour solicitors in that one house. Counted them. Litigation. Love +one another. Piles of parchment. Messrs Pick and Pocket have power of +attorney. Goulding, Collis, Ward. + +But for example the chap that wallops the big drum. His vocation: +Mickey Rooney’s band. Wonder how it first struck him. Sitting at home +after pig’s cheek and cabbage nursing it in the armchair. Rehearsing +his band part. Pom. Pompedy. Jolly for the wife. Asses’ skins. Welt +them through life, then wallop after death. Pom. Wallop. Seems to be +what you call yashmak or I mean kismet. Fate. + +Tap. Tap. A stripling, blind, with a tapping cane came taptaptapping by +Daly’s window where a mermaid hair all streaming (but he couldn’t see) +blew whiffs of a mermaid (blind couldn’t), mermaid, coolest whiff of +all. + +Instruments. A blade of grass, shell of her hands, then blow. Even comb +and tissuepaper you can knock a tune out of. Molly in her shift in +Lombard street west, hair down. I suppose each kind of trade made its +own, don’t you see? Hunter with a horn. Haw. Have you the? _Cloche. +Sonnez la._ Shepherd his pipe. Pwee little wee. Policeman a whistle. +Locks and keys! Sweep! Four o’clock’s all’s well! Sleep! All is lost +now. Drum? Pompedy. Wait. I know. Towncrier, bumbailiff. Long John. +Waken the dead. Pom. Dignam. Poor little _nominedomine._ Pom. It is +music. I mean of course it’s all pom pom pom very much what they call +_da capo._ Still you can hear. As we march, we march along, march +along. Pom. + +I must really. Fff. Now if I did that at a banquet. Just a question of +custom shah of Persia. Breathe a prayer, drop a tear. All the same he +must have been a bit of a natural not to see it was a yeoman cap. +Muffled up. Wonder who was that chap at the grave in the brown macin. +O, the whore of the lane! + +A frowsy whore with black straw sailor hat askew came glazily in the +day along the quay towards Mr Bloom. When first he saw that form +endearing? Yes, it is. I feel so lonely. Wet night in the lane. Horn. +Who had the? Heehaw shesaw. Off her beat here. What is she? Hope she. +Psst! Any chance of your wash. Knew Molly. Had me decked. Stout lady +does be with you in the brown costume. Put you off your stroke, that. +Appointment we made knowing we’d never, well hardly ever. Too dear too +near to home sweet home. Sees me, does she? Looks a fright in the day. +Face like dip. Damn her. O, well, she has to live like the rest. Look +in here. + +In Lionel Marks’s antique saleshop window haughty Henry Lionel Leopold +dear Henry Flower earnestly Mr Leopold Bloom envisaged battered +candlesticks melodeon oozing maggoty blowbags. Bargain: six bob. Might +learn to play. Cheap. Let her pass. Course everything is dear if you +don’t want it. That’s what good salesman is. Make you buy what he wants +to sell. Chap sold me the Swedish razor he shaved me with. Wanted to +charge me for the edge he gave it. She’s passing now. Six bob. + +Must be the cider or perhaps the burgund. + +Near bronze from anear near gold from afar they chinked their clinking +glasses all, brighteyed and gallant, before bronze Lydia’s tempting +last rose of summer, rose of Castile. First Lid, De, Cow, Ker, Doll, a +fifth: Lidwell, Si Dedalus, Bob Cowley, Kernan and big Ben Dollard. + +Tap. A youth entered a lonely Ormond hall. + +Bloom viewed a gallant pictured hero in Lionel Marks’s window. Robert +Emmet’s last words. Seven last words. Of Meyerbeer that is. + +—True men like you men. + +—Ay, ay, Ben. + +—Will lift your glass with us. + +They lifted. + +Tschink. Tschunk. + +Tip. An unseeing stripling stood in the door. He saw not bronze. He saw +not gold. Nor Ben nor Bob nor Tom nor Si nor George nor tanks nor +Richie nor Pat. Hee hee hee hee. He did not see. + +Seabloom, greaseabloom viewed last words. Softly. _When my country +takes her place among._ + +Prrprr. + +Must be the bur. + +Fff! Oo. Rrpr. + +_Nations of the earth._ No-one behind. She’s passed. _Then and not till +then._ Tram kran kran kran. Good oppor. Coming. Krandlkrankran. I’m +sure it’s the burgund. Yes. One, two. _Let my epitaph be._ Kraaaaaa. +_Written. I have._ + +Pprrpffrrppffff. + +_Done._ + + + + +[ 12 ] + + +I was just passing the time of day with old Troy of the D. M. P. at the +corner of Arbour hill there and be damned but a bloody sweep came along +and he near drove his gear into my eye. I turned around to let him have +the weight of my tongue when who should I see dodging along Stony +Batter only Joe Hynes. + +—Lo, Joe, says I. How are you blowing? Did you see that bloody +chimneysweep near shove my eye out with his brush? + +—Soot’s luck, says Joe. Who’s the old ballocks you were talking to? + +—Old Troy, says I, was in the force. I’m on two minds not to give that +fellow in charge for obstructing the thoroughfare with his brooms and +ladders. + +—What are you doing round those parts? says Joe. + +—Devil a much, says I. There’s a bloody big foxy thief beyond by the +garrison church at the corner of Chicken lane—old Troy was just giving +me a wrinkle about him—lifted any God’s quantity of tea and sugar to +pay three bob a week said he had a farm in the county Down off a +hop-of-my-thumb by the name of Moses Herzog over there near Heytesbury +street. + +—Circumcised? says Joe. + +—Ay, says I. A bit off the top. An old plumber named Geraghty. I’m +hanging on to his taw now for the past fortnight and I can’t get a +penny out of him. + +—That the lay you’re on now? says Joe. + +—Ay, says I. How are the mighty fallen! Collector of bad and doubtful +debts. But that’s the most notorious bloody robber you’d meet in a +day’s walk and the face on him all pockmarks would hold a shower of +rain. _Tell him,_ says he, _I dare him,_ says he, _and I doubledare him +to send you round here again or if he does,_ says he, _I’ll have him +summonsed up before the court, so I will, for trading without a +licence._ And he after stuffing himself till he’s fit to burst. Jesus, +I had to laugh at the little jewy getting his shirt out. _He drink me +my teas. He eat me my sugars. Because he no pay me my moneys?_ + +For nonperishable goods bought of Moses Herzog, of 13 Saint Kevin’s +parade in the city of Dublin, Wood quay ward, merchant, hereinafter +called the vendor, and sold and delivered to Michael E. Geraghty, +esquire, of 29 Arbour hill in the city of Dublin, Arran quay ward, +gentleman, hereinafter called the purchaser, videlicet, five pounds +avoirdupois of first choice tea at three shillings and no pence per +pound avoirdupois and three stone avoirdupois of sugar, crushed +crystal, at threepence per pound avoirdupois, the said purchaser debtor +to the said vendor of one pound five shillings and sixpence sterling +for value received which amount shall be paid by said purchaser to said +vendor in weekly instalments every seven calendar days of three +shillings and no pence sterling: and the said nonperishable goods shall +not be pawned or pledged or sold or otherwise alienated by the said +purchaser but shall be and remain and be held to be the sole and +exclusive property of the said vendor to be disposed of at his good +will and pleasure until the said amount shall have been duly paid by +the said purchaser to the said vendor in the manner herein set forth as +this day hereby agreed between the said vendor, his heirs, successors, +trustees and assigns of the one part and the said purchaser, his heirs, +successors, trustees and assigns of the other part. + +—Are you a strict t.t.? says Joe. + +—Not taking anything between drinks, says I. + +—What about paying our respects to our friend? says Joe. + +—Who? says I. Sure, he’s out in John of God’s off his head, poor man. + +—Drinking his own stuff? says Joe. + +—Ay, says I. Whisky and water on the brain. + +—Come around to Barney Kiernan’s, says Joe. I want to see the citizen. + +—Barney mavourneen’s be it, says I. Anything strange or wonderful, Joe? + +—Not a word, says Joe. I was up at that meeting in the City Arms. + +—What was that, Joe? says I. + +—Cattle traders, says Joe, about the foot and mouth disease. I want to +give the citizen the hard word about it. + +So we went around by the Linenhall barracks and the back of the +courthouse talking of one thing or another. Decent fellow Joe when he +has it but sure like that he never has it. Jesus, I couldn’t get over +that bloody foxy Geraghty, the daylight robber. For trading without a +licence, says he. + +In Inisfail the fair there lies a land, the land of holy Michan. There +rises a watchtower beheld of men afar. There sleep the mighty dead as +in life they slept, warriors and princes of high renown. A pleasant +land it is in sooth of murmuring waters, fishful streams where sport +the gurnard, the plaice, the roach, the halibut, the gibbed haddock, +the grilse, the dab, the brill, the flounder, the pollock, the mixed +coarse fish generally and other denizens of the aqueous kingdom too +numerous to be enumerated. In the mild breezes of the west and of the +east the lofty trees wave in different directions their firstclass +foliage, the wafty sycamore, the Lebanonian cedar, the exalted +planetree, the eugenic eucalyptus and other ornaments of the arboreal +world with which that region is thoroughly well supplied. Lovely +maidens sit in close proximity to the roots of the lovely trees singing +the most lovely songs while they play with all kinds of lovely objects +as for example golden ingots, silvery fishes, crans of herrings, drafts +of eels, codlings, creels of fingerlings, purple seagems and playful +insects. And heroes voyage from afar to woo them, from Eblana to +Slievemargy, the peerless princes of unfettered Munster and of Connacht +the just and of smooth sleek Leinster and of Cruachan’s land and of +Armagh the splendid and of the noble district of Boyle, princes, the +sons of kings. + +And there rises a shining palace whose crystal glittering roof is seen +by mariners who traverse the extensive sea in barks built expressly for +that purpose, and thither come all herds and fatlings and firstfruits +of that land for O’Connell Fitzsimon takes toll of them, a chieftain +descended from chieftains. Thither the extremely large wains bring +foison of the fields, flaskets of cauliflowers, floats of spinach, +pineapple chunks, Rangoon beans, strikes of tomatoes, drums of figs, +drills of Swedes, spherical potatoes and tallies of iridescent kale, +York and Savoy, and trays of onions, pearls of the earth, and punnets +of mushrooms and custard marrows and fat vetches and bere and rape and +red green yellow brown russet sweet big bitter ripe pomellated apples +and chips of strawberries and sieves of gooseberries, pulpy and +pelurious, and strawberries fit for princes and raspberries from their +canes. + +I dare him, says he, and I doubledare him. Come out here, Geraghty, you +notorious bloody hill and dale robber! + +And by that way wend the herds innumerable of bellwethers and flushed +ewes and shearling rams and lambs and stubble geese and medium steers +and roaring mares and polled calves and longwools and storesheep and +Cuffe’s prime springers and culls and sowpigs and baconhogs and the +various different varieties of highly distinguished swine and Angus +heifers and polly bulllocks of immaculate pedigree together with prime +premiated milchcows and beeves: and there is ever heard a trampling, +cackling, roaring, lowing, bleating, bellowing, rumbling, grunting, +champing, chewing, of sheep and pigs and heavyhooved kine from +pasturelands of Lusk and Rush and Carrickmines and from the streamy +vales of Thomond, from the M’Gillicuddy’s reeks the inaccessible and +lordly Shannon the unfathomable, and from the gentle declivities of the +place of the race of Kiar, their udders distended with superabundance +of milk and butts of butter and rennets of cheese and farmer’s firkins +and targets of lamb and crannocks of corn and oblong eggs in great +hundreds, various in size, the agate with this dun. + +So we turned into Barney Kiernan’s and there, sure enough, was the +citizen up in the corner having a great confab with himself and that +bloody mangy mongrel, Garryowen, and he waiting for what the sky would +drop in the way of drink. + +—There he is, says I, in his gloryhole, with his cruiskeen lawn and his +load of papers, working for the cause. + +The bloody mongrel let a grouse out of him would give you the creeps. +Be a corporal work of mercy if someone would take the life of that +bloody dog. I’m told for a fact he ate a good part of the breeches off +a constabulary man in Santry that came round one time with a blue paper +about a licence. + +—Stand and deliver, says he. + +—That’s all right, citizen, says Joe. Friends here. + +—Pass, friends, says he. + +Then he rubs his hand in his eye and says he: + +—What’s your opinion of the times? + +Doing the rapparee and Rory of the hill. But, begob, Joe was equal to +the occasion. + +—I think the markets are on a rise, says he, sliding his hand down his +fork. + +So begob the citizen claps his paw on his knee and he says: + +—Foreign wars is the cause of it. + +And says Joe, sticking his thumb in his pocket: + +—It’s the Russians wish to tyrannise. + +—Arrah, give over your bloody codding, Joe, says I. I’ve a thirst on me +I wouldn’t sell for half a crown. + +—Give it a name, citizen, says Joe. + +—Wine of the country, says he. + +—What’s yours? says Joe. + +—Ditto MacAnaspey, says I. + +—Three pints, Terry, says Joe. And how’s the old heart, citizen? says +he. + +—Never better, _a chara_, says he. What Garry? Are we going to win? Eh? + +And with that he took the bloody old towser by the scruff of the neck +and, by Jesus, he near throttled him. + +The figure seated on a large boulder at the foot of a round tower was +that of a broadshouldered deepchested stronglimbed frankeyed redhaired +freelyfreckled shaggybearded widemouthed largenosed longheaded +deepvoiced barekneed brawnyhanded hairylegged ruddyfaced sinewyarmed +hero. From shoulder to shoulder he measured several ells and his +rocklike mountainous knees were covered, as was likewise the rest of +his body wherever visible, with a strong growth of tawny prickly hair +in hue and toughness similar to the mountain gorse (_Ulex Europeus_). +The widewinged nostrils, from which bristles of the same tawny hue +projected, were of such capaciousness that within their cavernous +obscurity the fieldlark might easily have lodged her nest. The eyes in +which a tear and a smile strove ever for the mastery were of the +dimensions of a goodsized cauliflower. A powerful current of warm +breath issued at regular intervals from the profound cavity of his +mouth while in rhythmic resonance the loud strong hale reverberations +of his formidable heart thundered rumblingly causing the ground, the +summit of the lofty tower and the still loftier walls of the cave to +vibrate and tremble. + +He wore a long unsleeved garment of recently flayed oxhide reaching to +the knees in a loose kilt and this was bound about his middle by a +girdle of plaited straw and rushes. Beneath this he wore trews of +deerskin, roughly stitched with gut. His nether extremities were +encased in high Balbriggan buskins dyed in lichen purple, the feet +being shod with brogues of salted cowhide laced with the windpipe of +the same beast. From his girdle hung a row of seastones which jangled +at every movement of his portentous frame and on these were graven with +rude yet striking art the tribal images of many Irish heroes and +heroines of antiquity, Cuchulin, Conn of hundred battles, Niall of nine +hostages, Brian of Kincora, the ardri Malachi, Art MacMurragh, Shane +O’Neill, Father John Murphy, Owen Roe, Patrick Sarsfield, Red Hugh +O’Donnell, Red Jim MacDermott, Soggarth Eoghan O’Growney, Michael +Dwyer, Francy Higgins, Henry Joy M’Cracken, Goliath, Horace Wheatley, +Thomas Conneff, Peg Woffington, the Village Blacksmith, Captain +Moonlight, Captain Boycott, Dante Alighieri, Christopher Columbus, S. +Fursa, S. Brendan, Marshal MacMahon, Charlemagne, Theobald Wolfe Tone, +the Mother of the Maccabees, the Last of the Mohicans, the Rose of +Castile, the Man for Galway, The Man that Broke the Bank at Monte +Carlo, The Man in the Gap, The Woman Who Didn’t, Benjamin Franklin, +Napoleon Bonaparte, John L. Sullivan, Cleopatra, Savourneen Deelish, +Julius Caesar, Paracelsus, sir Thomas Lipton, William Tell, +Michelangelo Hayes, Muhammad, the Bride of Lammermoor, Peter the +Hermit, Peter the Packer, Dark Rosaleen, Patrick W. Shakespeare, Brian +Confucius, Murtagh Gutenberg, Patricio Velasquez, Captain Nemo, Tristan +and Isolde, the first Prince of Wales, Thomas Cook and Son, the Bold +Soldier Boy, Arrah na Pogue, Dick Turpin, Ludwig Beethoven, the Colleen +Bawn, Waddler Healy, Angus the Culdee, Dolly Mount, Sidney Parade, Ben +Howth, Valentine Greatrakes, Adam and Eve, Arthur Wellesley, Boss +Croker, Herodotus, Jack the Giantkiller, Gautama Buddha, Lady Godiva, +The Lily of Killarney, Balor of the Evil Eye, the Queen of Sheba, Acky +Nagle, Joe Nagle, Alessandro Volta, Jeremiah O’Donovan Rossa, Don +Philip O’Sullivan Beare. A couched spear of acuminated granite rested +by him while at his feet reposed a savage animal of the canine tribe +whose stertorous gasps announced that he was sunk in uneasy slumber, a +supposition confirmed by hoarse growls and spasmodic movements which +his master repressed from time to time by tranquilising blows of a +mighty cudgel rudely fashioned out of paleolithic stone. + +So anyhow Terry brought the three pints Joe was standing and begob the +sight nearly left my eyes when I saw him land out a quid. O, as true as +I’m telling you. A goodlooking sovereign. + +—And there’s more where that came from, says he. + +—Were you robbing the poorbox, Joe? says I. + +—Sweat of my brow, says Joe. ’Twas the prudent member gave me the +wheeze. + +—I saw him before I met you, says I, sloping around by Pill lane and +Greek street with his cod’s eye counting up all the guts of the fish. + +Who comes through Michan’s land, bedight in sable armour? O’Bloom, the +son of Rory: it is he. Impervious to fear is Rory’s son: he of the +prudent soul. + +—For the old woman of Prince’s street, says the citizen, the subsidised +organ. The pledgebound party on the floor of the house. And look at +this blasted rag, says he. Look at this, says he. _The Irish +Independent,_ if you please, founded by Parnell to be the workingman’s +friend. Listen to the births and deaths in the _Irish all for Ireland +Independent,_ and I’ll thank you and the marriages. + +And he starts reading them out: + +—Gordon, Barnfield crescent, Exeter; Redmayne of Iffley, Saint Anne’s +on Sea: the wife of William T Redmayne of a son. How’s that, eh? Wright +and Flint, Vincent and Gillett to Rotha Marion daughter of Rosa and the +late George Alfred Gillett, 179 Clapham road, Stockwell, Playwood and +Ridsdale at Saint Jude’s, Kensington by the very reverend Dr Forrest, +dean of Worcester. Eh? Deaths. Bristow, at Whitehall lane, London: +Carr, Stoke Newington, of gastritis and heart disease: Cockburn, at the +Moat house, Chepstow... + +—I know that fellow, says Joe, from bitter experience. + +—Cockburn. Dimsey, wife of David Dimsey, late of the admiralty: Miller, +Tottenham, aged eightyfive: Welsh, June 12, at 35 Canning street, +Liverpool, Isabella Helen. How’s that for a national press, eh, my +brown son! How’s that for Martin Murphy, the Bantry jobber? + +—Ah, well, says Joe, handing round the boose. Thanks be to God they had +the start of us. Drink that, citizen. + +—I will, says he, honourable person. + +—Health, Joe, says I. And all down the form. + +Ah! Ow! Don’t be talking! I was blue mouldy for the want of that pint. +Declare to God I could hear it hit the pit of my stomach with a click. + +And lo, as they quaffed their cup of joy, a godlike messenger came +swiftly in, radiant as the eye of heaven, a comely youth and behind him +there passed an elder of noble gait and countenance, bearing the sacred +scrolls of law and with him his lady wife a dame of peerless lineage, +fairest of her race. + +Little Alf Bergan popped in round the door and hid behind Barney’s +snug, squeezed up with the laughing. And who was sitting up there in +the corner that I hadn’t seen snoring drunk blind to the world only Bob +Doran. I didn’t know what was up and Alf kept making signs out of the +door. And begob what was it only that bloody old pantaloon Denis Breen +in his bathslippers with two bloody big books tucked under his oxter +and the wife hotfoot after him, unfortunate wretched woman, trotting +like a poodle. I thought Alf would split. + +—Look at him, says he. Breen. He’s traipsing all round Dublin with a +postcard someone sent him with U. p: up on it to take a li... + +And he doubled up. + +—Take a what? says I. + +—Libel action, says he, for ten thousand pounds. + +—O hell! says I. + +The bloody mongrel began to growl that’d put the fear of God in you +seeing something was up but the citizen gave him a kick in the ribs. + +_—Bi i dho husht,_ says he. + +—Who? says Joe. + +—Breen, says Alf. He was in John Henry Menton’s and then he went round +to Collis and Ward’s and then Tom Rochford met him and sent him round +to the subsheriff’s for a lark. O God, I’ve a pain laughing. U. p: up. +The long fellow gave him an eye as good as a process and now the bloody +old lunatic is gone round to Green street to look for a G man. + +—When is long John going to hang that fellow in Mountjoy? says Joe. + +—Bergan, says Bob Doran, waking up. Is that Alf Bergan? + +—Yes, says Alf. Hanging? Wait till I show you. Here, Terry, give us a +pony. That bloody old fool! Ten thousand pounds. You should have seen +long John’s eye. U. p .... + +And he started laughing. + +—Who are you laughing at? says Bob Doran. Is that Bergan? + +—Hurry up, Terry boy, says Alf. + +Terence O’Ryan heard him and straightway brought him a crystal cup full +of the foamy ebon ale which the noble twin brothers Bungiveagh and +Bungardilaun brew ever in their divine alevats, cunning as the sons of +deathless Leda. For they garner the succulent berries of the hop and +mass and sift and bruise and brew them and they mix therewith sour +juices and bring the must to the sacred fire and cease not night or day +from their toil, those cunning brothers, lords of the vat. + +Then did you, chivalrous Terence, hand forth, as to the manner born, +that nectarous beverage and you offered the crystal cup to him that +thirsted, the soul of chivalry, in beauty akin to the immortals. + +But he, the young chief of the O’Bergan’s, could ill brook to be +outdone in generous deeds but gave therefor with gracious gesture a +testoon of costliest bronze. Thereon embossed in excellent smithwork +was seen the image of a queen of regal port, scion of the house of +Brunswick, Victoria her name, Her Most Excellent Majesty, by grace of +God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the +British dominions beyond the sea, queen, defender of the faith, Empress +of India, even she, who bore rule, a victress over many peoples, the +wellbeloved, for they knew and loved her from the rising of the sun to +the going down thereof, the pale, the dark, the ruddy and the ethiop. + +—What’s that bloody freemason doing, says the citizen, prowling up and +down outside? + +—What’s that? says Joe. + +—Here you are, says Alf, chucking out the rhino. Talking about hanging, +I’ll show you something you never saw. Hangmen’s letters. Look at here. + +So he took a bundle of wisps of letters and envelopes out of his +pocket. + +—Are you codding? says I. + +—Honest injun, says Alf. Read them. + +So Joe took up the letters. + +—Who are you laughing at? says Bob Doran. + +So I saw there was going to be a bit of a dust. Bob’s a queer chap when +the porter’s up in him so says I just to make talk: + +—How’s Willy Murray those times, Alf? + +—I don’t know, says Alf. I saw him just now in Capel street with Paddy +Dignam. Only I was running after that... + +—You what? says Joe, throwing down the letters. With who? + +—With Dignam, says Alf. + +—Is it Paddy? says Joe. + +—Yes, says Alf. Why? + +—Don’t you know he’s dead? says Joe. + +—Paddy Dignam dead! says Alf. + +—Ay, says Joe. + +—Sure I’m after seeing him not five minutes ago, says Alf, as plain as +a pikestaff. + +—Who’s dead? says Bob Doran. + +—You saw his ghost then, says Joe, God between us and harm. + +—What? says Alf. Good Christ, only five... What?... And Willy Murray +with him, the two of them there near whatdoyoucallhim’s... What? Dignam +dead? + +—What about Dignam? says Bob Doran. Who’s talking about...? + +—Dead! says Alf. He’s no more dead than you are. + +—Maybe so, says Joe. They took the liberty of burying him this morning +anyhow. + +—Paddy? says Alf. + +—Ay, says Joe. He paid the debt of nature, God be merciful to him. + +—Good Christ! says Alf. + +Begob he was what you might call flabbergasted. + +In the darkness spirit hands were felt to flutter and when prayer by +tantras had been directed to the proper quarter a faint but increasing +luminosity of ruby light became gradually visible, the apparition of +the etheric double being particularly lifelike owing to the discharge +of jivic rays from the crown of the head and face. Communication was +effected through the pituitary body and also by means of the +orangefiery and scarlet rays emanating from the sacral region and solar +plexus. Questioned by his earthname as to his whereabouts in the +heavenworld he stated that he was now on the path of prālāyā or return +but was still submitted to trial at the hands of certain bloodthirsty +entities on the lower astral levels. In reply to a question as to his +first sensations in the great divide beyond he stated that previously +he had seen as in a glass darkly but that those who had passed over had +summit possibilities of atmic development opened up to them. +Interrogated as to whether life there resembled our experience in the +flesh he stated that he had heard from more favoured beings now in the +spirit that their abodes were equipped with every modern home comfort +such as tālāfānā, ālāvātār, hātākāldā, wātāklāsāt and that the highest +adepts were steeped in waves of volupcy of the very purest nature. +Having requested a quart of buttermilk this was brought and evidently +afforded relief. Asked if he had any message for the living he exhorted +all who were still at the wrong side of Māyā to acknowledge the true +path for it was reported in devanic circles that Mars and Jupiter were +out for mischief on the eastern angle where the ram has power. It was +then queried whether there were any special desires on the part of the +defunct and the reply was: _We greet you, friends of earth, who are +still in the body. Mind C. K. doesn’t pile it on._ It was ascertained +that the reference was to Mr Cornelius Kelleher, manager of Messrs H. +J. O’Neill’s popular funeral establishment, a personal friend of the +defunct, who had been responsible for the carrying out of the interment +arrangements. Before departing he requested that it should be told to +his dear son Patsy that the other boot which he had been looking for +was at present under the commode in the return room and that the pair +should be sent to Cullen’s to be soled only as the heels were still +good. He stated that this had greatly perturbed his peace of mind in +the other region and earnestly requested that his desire should be made +known. + +Assurances were given that the matter would be attended to and it was +intimated that this had given satisfaction. + +He is gone from mortal haunts: O’Dignam, sun of our morning. Fleet was +his foot on the bracken: Patrick of the beamy brow. Wail, Banba, with +your wind: and wail, O ocean, with your whirlwind. + +—There he is again, says the citizen, staring out. + +—Who? says I. + +—Bloom, says he. He’s on point duty up and down there for the last ten +minutes. + +And, begob, I saw his physog do a peep in and then slidder off again. + +Little Alf was knocked bawways. Faith, he was. + +—Good Christ! says he. I could have sworn it was him. + +And says Bob Doran, with the hat on the back of his poll, lowest +blackguard in Dublin when he’s under the influence: + +—Who said Christ is good? + +—I beg your parsnips, says Alf. + +—Is that a good Christ, says Bob Doran, to take away poor little Willy +Dignam? + +—Ah, well, says Alf, trying to pass it off. He’s over all his troubles. + +But Bob Doran shouts out of him. + +—He’s a bloody ruffian, I say, to take away poor little Willy Dignam. + +Terry came down and tipped him the wink to keep quiet, that they didn’t +want that kind of talk in a respectable licensed premises. And Bob +Doran starts doing the weeps about Paddy Dignam, true as you’re there. + +—The finest man, says he, snivelling, the finest purest character. + +The tear is bloody near your eye. Talking through his bloody hat. +Fitter for him go home to the little sleepwalking bitch he married, +Mooney, the bumbailiff’s daughter, mother kept a kip in Hardwicke +street, that used to be stravaging about the landings Bantam Lyons told +me that was stopping there at two in the morning without a stitch on +her, exposing her person, open to all comers, fair field and no favour. + +—The noblest, the truest, says he. And he’s gone, poor little Willy, +poor little Paddy Dignam. + +And mournful and with a heavy heart he bewept the extinction of that +beam of heaven. + +Old Garryowen started growling again at Bloom that was skeezing round +the door. + +—Come in, come on, he won’t eat you, says the citizen. + +So Bloom slopes in with his cod’s eye on the dog and he asks Terry was +Martin Cunningham there. + +—O, Christ M’Keown, says Joe, reading one of the letters. Listen to +this, will you? + +And he starts reading out one. + +_7 Hunter Street, +Liverpool._ + + +_To the High Sheriff of Dublin, + Dublin._ + + +_Honoured sir i beg to offer my services in the abovementioned painful +case i hanged Joe Gann in Bootle jail on the 12 of Febuary 1900 and i +hanged..._ + +—Show us, Joe, says I. + +—_... private Arthur Chace for fowl murder of Jessie Tilsit in +Pentonville prison and i was assistant when..._ + +—Jesus, says I. + +—_... Billington executed the awful murderer Toad Smith..._ + +The citizen made a grab at the letter. + +—Hold hard, says Joe, _i have a special nack of putting the noose once +in he can’t get out hoping to be favoured i remain, honoured sir, my +terms is five ginnees._ + +_H. Rumbold, + Master Barber._ + + +—And a barbarous bloody barbarian he is too, says the citizen. + +—And the dirty scrawl of the wretch, says Joe. Here, says he, take them +to hell out of my sight, Alf. Hello, Bloom, says he, what will you +have? + +So they started arguing about the point, Bloom saying he wouldn’t and +he couldn’t and excuse him no offence and all to that and then he said +well he’d just take a cigar. Gob, he’s a prudent member and no mistake. + +—Give us one of your prime stinkers, Terry, says Joe. + +And Alf was telling us there was one chap sent in a mourning card with +a black border round it. + +—They’re all barbers, says he, from the black country that would hang +their own fathers for five quid down and travelling expenses. + +And he was telling us there’s two fellows waiting below to pull his +heels down when he gets the drop and choke him properly and then they +chop up the rope after and sell the bits for a few bob a skull. + +In the dark land they bide, the vengeful knights of the razor. Their +deadly coil they grasp: yea, and therein they lead to Erebus whatsoever +wight hath done a deed of blood for I will on nowise suffer it even so +saith the Lord. + +So they started talking about capital punishment and of course Bloom +comes out with the why and the wherefore and all the codology of the +business and the old dog smelling him all the time I’m told those +jewies does have a sort of a queer odour coming off them for dogs about +I don’t know what all deterrent effect and so forth and so on. + +—There’s one thing it hasn’t a deterrent effect on, says Alf. + +—What’s that? says Joe. + +—The poor bugger’s tool that’s being hanged, says Alf. + +—That so? says Joe. + +—God’s truth, says Alf. I heard that from the head warder that was in +Kilmainham when they hanged Joe Brady, the invincible. He told me when +they cut him down after the drop it was standing up in their faces like +a poker. + +—Ruling passion strong in death, says Joe, as someone said. + +—That can be explained by science, says Bloom. It’s only a natural +phenomenon, don’t you see, because on account of the... + +And then he starts with his jawbreakers about phenomenon and science +and this phenomenon and the other phenomenon. + +The distinguished scientist Herr Professor Luitpold Blumenduft tendered +medical evidence to the effect that the instantaneous fracture of the +cervical vertebrae and consequent scission of the spinal cord would, +according to the best approved tradition of medical science, be +calculated to inevitably produce in the human subject a violent +ganglionic stimulus of the nerve centres of the genital apparatus, +thereby causing the elastic pores of the _corpora cavernosa_ to rapidly +dilate in such a way as to instantaneously facilitate the flow of blood +to that part of the human anatomy known as the penis or male organ +resulting in the phenomenon which has been denominated by the faculty a +morbid upwards and outwards philoprogenitive erection _in articulo +mortis per diminutionem capitis._ + +So of course the citizen was only waiting for the wink of the word and +he starts gassing out of him about the invincibles and the old guard +and the men of sixtyseven and who fears to speak of ninetyeight and Joe +with him about all the fellows that were hanged, drawn and transported +for the cause by drumhead courtmartial and a new Ireland and new this, +that and the other. Talking about new Ireland he ought to go and get a +new dog so he ought. Mangy ravenous brute sniffing and sneezing all +round the place and scratching his scabs. And round he goes to Bob +Doran that was standing Alf a half one sucking up for what he could +get. So of course Bob Doran starts doing the bloody fool with him: + +—Give us the paw! Give the paw, doggy! Good old doggy! Give the paw +here! Give us the paw! + +Arrah, bloody end to the paw he’d paw and Alf trying to keep him from +tumbling off the bloody stool atop of the bloody old dog and he talking +all kinds of drivel about training by kindness and thoroughbred dog and +intelligent dog: give you the bloody pip. Then he starts scraping a few +bits of old biscuit out of the bottom of a Jacobs’ tin he told Terry to +bring. Gob, he golloped it down like old boots and his tongue hanging +out of him a yard long for more. Near ate the tin and all, hungry +bloody mongrel. + +And the citizen and Bloom having an argument about the point, the +brothers Sheares and Wolfe Tone beyond on Arbour Hill and Robert Emmet +and die for your country, the Tommy Moore touch about Sara Curran and +she’s far from the land. And Bloom, of course, with his knockmedown +cigar putting on swank with his lardy face. Phenomenon! The fat heap he +married is a nice old phenomenon with a back on her like a ballalley. +Time they were stopping up in the _City Arms_ pisser Burke told me +there was an old one there with a cracked loodheramaun of a nephew and +Bloom trying to get the soft side of her doing the mollycoddle playing +bézique to come in for a bit of the wampum in her will and not eating +meat of a Friday because the old one was always thumping her craw and +taking the lout out for a walk. And one time he led him the rounds of +Dublin and, by the holy farmer, he never cried crack till he brought +him home as drunk as a boiled owl and he said he did it to teach him +the evils of alcohol and by herrings, if the three women didn’t near +roast him, it’s a queer story, the old one, Bloom’s wife and Mrs O’Dowd +that kept the hotel. Jesus, I had to laugh at pisser Burke taking them +off chewing the fat. And Bloom with his _but don’t you see?_ and _but +on the other hand_. And sure, more be token, the lout I’m told was in +Power’s after, the blender’s, round in Cope street going home footless +in a cab five times in the week after drinking his way through all the +samples in the bloody establishment. Phenomenon! + +—The memory of the dead, says the citizen taking up his pintglass and +glaring at Bloom. + +—Ay, ay, says Joe. + +—You don’t grasp my point, says Bloom. What I mean is... + +—_Sinn Fein!_ says the citizen. _Sinn Fein amhain!_ The friends we love +are by our side and the foes we hate before us. + +The last farewell was affecting in the extreme. From the belfries far +and near the funereal deathbell tolled unceasingly while all around the +gloomy precincts rolled the ominous warning of a hundred muffled drums +punctuated by the hollow booming of pieces of ordnance. The deafening +claps of thunder and the dazzling flashes of lightning which lit up the +ghastly scene testified that the artillery of heaven had lent its +supernatural pomp to the already gruesome spectacle. A torrential rain +poured down from the floodgates of the angry heavens upon the bared +heads of the assembled multitude which numbered at the lowest +computation five hundred thousand persons. A posse of Dublin +Metropolitan police superintended by the Chief Commissioner in person +maintained order in the vast throng for whom the York street brass and +reed band whiled away the intervening time by admirably rendering on +their blackdraped instruments the matchless melody endeared to us from +the cradle by Speranza’s plaintive muse. Special quick excursion trains +and upholstered charabancs had been provided for the comfort of our +country cousins of whom there were large contingents. Considerable +amusement was caused by the favourite Dublin streetsingers L-n-h-n and +M-ll-g-n who sang _The Night before Larry was stretched_ in their usual +mirth-provoking fashion. Our two inimitable drolls did a roaring trade +with their broadsheets among lovers of the comedy element and nobody +who has a corner in his heart for real Irish fun without vulgarity will +grudge them their hardearned pennies. The children of the Male and +Female Foundling Hospital who thronged the windows overlooking the +scene were delighted with this unexpected addition to the day’s +entertainment and a word of praise is due to the Little Sisters of the +Poor for their excellent idea of affording the poor fatherless and +motherless children a genuinely instructive treat. The viceregal +houseparty which included many wellknown ladies was chaperoned by Their +Excellencies to the most favourable positions on the grandstand while +the picturesque foreign delegation known as the Friends of the Emerald +Isle was accommodated on a tribune directly opposite. The delegation, +present in full force, consisted of Commendatore Bacibaci Beninobenone +(the semiparalysed _doyen_ of the party who had to be assisted to his +seat by the aid of a powerful steam crane), Monsieur Pierrepaul +Petitépatant, the Grandjoker Vladinmire Pokethankertscheff, the +Archjoker Leopold Rudolph von Schwanzenbad-Hodenthaler, Countess Marha +Virága Kisászony Putrápesthi, Hiram Y. Bomboost, Count Athanatos +Karamelopulos, Ali Baba Backsheesh Rahat Lokum Effendi, Señor Hidalgo +Caballero Don Pecadillo y Palabras y Paternoster de la Malora de la +Malaria, Hokopoko Harakiri, Hi Hung Chang, Olaf Kobberkeddelsen, +Mynheer Trik van Trumps, Pan Poleaxe Paddyrisky, Goosepond Prhklstr +Kratchinabritchisitch, Borus Hupinkoff, Herr Hurhausdirektorpresident +Hans Chuechli-Steuerli, +Nationalgymnasiummuseumsanatoriumandsuspensoriumsordinaryprivatdocentge +neralhistoryspecialprofessordoctor Kriegfried Ueberallgemein. All the +delegates without exception expressed themselves in the strongest +possible heterogeneous terms concerning the nameless barbarity which +they had been called upon to witness. An animated altercation (in which +all took part) ensued among the F. O. T. E. I. as to whether the eighth +or the ninth of March was the correct date of the birth of Ireland’s +patron saint. In the course of the argument cannonballs, scimitars, +boomerangs, blunderbusses, stinkpots, meatchoppers, umbrellas, +catapults, knuckledusters, sandbags, lumps of pig iron were resorted to +and blows were freely exchanged. The baby policeman, Constable +MacFadden, summoned by special courier from Booterstown, quickly +restored order and with lightning promptitude proposed the seventeenth +of the month as a solution equally honourable for both contending +parties. The readywitted ninefooter’s suggestion at once appealed to +all and was unanimously accepted. Constable MacFadden was heartily +congratulated by all the F. O. T. E. I., several of whom were bleeding +profusely. Commendatore Beninobenone having been extricated from +underneath the presidential armchair, it was explained by his legal +adviser Avvocato Pagamimi that the various articles secreted in his +thirtytwo pockets had been abstracted by him during the affray from the +pockets of his junior colleagues in the hope of bringing them to their +senses. The objects (which included several hundred ladies’ and +gentlemen’s gold and silver watches) were promptly restored to their +rightful owners and general harmony reigned supreme. + +Quietly, unassumingly Rumbold stepped on to the scaffold in faultless +morning dress and wearing his favourite flower, the _Gladiolus +Cruentus_. He announced his presence by that gentle Rumboldian cough +which so many have tried (unsuccessfully) to imitate—short, painstaking +yet withal so characteristic of the man. The arrival of the +worldrenowned headsman was greeted by a roar of acclamation from the +huge concourse, the viceregal ladies waving their handkerchiefs in +their excitement while the even more excitable foreign delegates +cheered vociferously in a medley of cries, _hoch, banzai, eljen, zivio, +chinchin, polla kronia, hiphip, vive, Allah_, amid which the ringing +_evviva_ of the delegate of the land of song (a high double F recalling +those piercingly lovely notes with which the eunuch Catalani +beglamoured our greatgreatgrandmothers) was easily distinguishable. It +was exactly seventeen o’clock. The signal for prayer was then promptly +given by megaphone and in an instant all heads were bared, the +commendatore’s patriarchal sombrero, which has been in the possession +of his family since the revolution of Rienzi, being removed by his +medical adviser in attendance, Dr Pippi. The learned prelate who +administered the last comforts of holy religion to the hero martyr when +about to pay the death penalty knelt in a most christian spirit in a +pool of rainwater, his cassock above his hoary head, and offered up to +the throne of grace fervent prayers of supplication. Hard by the block +stood the grim figure of the executioner, his visage being concealed in +a tengallon pot with two circular perforated apertures through which +his eyes glowered furiously. As he awaited the fatal signal he tested +the edge of his horrible weapon by honing it upon his brawny forearm or +decapitated in rapid succession a flock of sheep which had been +provided by the admirers of his fell but necessary office. On a +handsome mahogany table near him were neatly arranged the quartering +knife, the various finely tempered disembowelling appliances (specially +supplied by the worldfamous firm of cutlers, Messrs John Round and +Sons, Sheffield), a terra cotta saucepan for the reception of the +duodenum, colon, blind intestine and appendix etc when successfully +extracted and two commodious milkjugs destined to receive the most +precious blood of the most precious victim. The housesteward of the +amalgamated cats’ and dogs’ home was in attendance to convey these +vessels when replenished to that beneficent institution. Quite an +excellent repast consisting of rashers and eggs, fried steak and +onions, done to a nicety, delicious hot breakfast rolls and +invigorating tea had been considerately provided by the authorities for +the consumption of the central figure of the tragedy who was in capital +spirits when prepared for death and evinced the keenest interest in the +proceedings from beginning to end but he, with an abnegation rare in +these our times, rose nobly to the occasion and expressed the dying +wish (immediately acceded to) that the meal should be divided in +aliquot parts among the members of the sick and indigent roomkeepers’ +association as a token of his regard and esteem. The _nec_ and _non +plus ultra_ of emotion were reached when the blushing bride elect burst +her way through the serried ranks of the bystanders and flung herself +upon the muscular bosom of him who was about to be launched into +eternity for her sake. The hero folded her willowy form in a loving +embrace murmuring fondly _Sheila, my own_. Encouraged by this use of +her christian name she kissed passionately all the various suitable +areas of his person which the decencies of prison garb permitted her +ardour to reach. She swore to him as they mingled the salt streams of +their tears that she would ever cherish his memory, that she would +never forget her hero boy who went to his death with a song on his lips +as if he were but going to a hurling match in Clonturk park. She +brought back to his recollection the happy days of blissful childhood +together on the banks of Anna Liffey when they had indulged in the +innocent pastimes of the young and, oblivious of the dreadful present, +they both laughed heartily, all the spectators, including the venerable +pastor, joining in the general merriment. That monster audience simply +rocked with delight. But anon they were overcome with grief and clasped +their hands for the last time. A fresh torrent of tears burst from +their lachrymal ducts and the vast concourse of people, touched to the +inmost core, broke into heartrending sobs, not the least affected being +the aged prebendary himself. Big strong men, officers of the peace and +genial giants of the royal Irish constabulary, were making frank use of +their handkerchiefs and it is safe to say that there was not a dry eye +in that record assemblage. A most romantic incident occurred when a +handsome young Oxford graduate, noted for his chivalry towards the fair +sex, stepped forward and, presenting his visiting card, bankbook and +genealogical tree, solicited the hand of the hapless young lady, +requesting her to name the day, and was accepted on the spot. Every +lady in the audience was presented with a tasteful souvenir of the +occasion in the shape of a skull and crossbones brooch, a timely and +generous act which evoked a fresh outburst of emotion: and when the +gallant young Oxonian (the bearer, by the way, of one of the most +timehonoured names in Albion’s history) placed on the finger of his +blushing _fiancée_ an expensive engagement ring with emeralds set in +the form of a fourleaved shamrock the excitement knew no bounds. Nay, +even the stern provostmarshal, lieutenantcolonel Tomkin-Maxwell +ffrenchmullan Tomlinson, who presided on the sad occasion, he who had +blown a considerable number of sepoys from the cannonmouth without +flinching, could not now restrain his natural emotion. With his mailed +gauntlet he brushed away a furtive tear and was overheard, by those +privileged burghers who happened to be in his immediate _entourage,_ to +murmur to himself in a faltering undertone: + +—God blimey if she aint a clinker, that there bleeding tart. Blimey it +makes me kind of bleeding cry, straight, it does, when I sees her cause +I thinks of my old mashtub what’s waiting for me down Limehouse way. + +So then the citizen begins talking about the Irish language and the +corporation meeting and all to that and the shoneens that can’t speak +their own language and Joe chipping in because he stuck someone for a +quid and Bloom putting in his old goo with his twopenny stump that he +cadged off of Joe and talking about the Gaelic league and the +antitreating league and drink, the curse of Ireland. Antitreating is +about the size of it. Gob, he’d let you pour all manner of drink down +his throat till the Lord would call him before you’d ever see the froth +of his pint. And one night I went in with a fellow into one of their +musical evenings, song and dance about she could get up on a truss of +hay she could my Maureen Lay and there was a fellow with a Ballyhooly +blue ribbon badge spiffing out of him in Irish and a lot of colleen +bawns going about with temperance beverages and selling medals and +oranges and lemonade and a few old dry buns, gob, flahoolagh +entertainment, don’t be talking. Ireland sober is Ireland free. And +then an old fellow starts blowing into his bagpipes and all the gougers +shuffling their feet to the tune the old cow died of. And one or two +sky pilots having an eye around that there was no goings on with the +females, hitting below the belt. + +So howandever, as I was saying, the old dog seeing the tin was empty +starts mousing around by Joe and me. I’d train him by kindness, so I +would, if he was my dog. Give him a rousing fine kick now and again +where it wouldn’t blind him. + +—Afraid he’ll bite you? says the citizen, jeering. + +—No, says I. But he might take my leg for a lamppost. + +So he calls the old dog over. + +—What’s on you, Garry? says he. + +Then he starts hauling and mauling and talking to him in Irish and the +old towser growling, letting on to answer, like a duet in the opera. +Such growling you never heard as they let off between them. Someone +that has nothing better to do ought to write a letter _pro bono +publico_ to the papers about the muzzling order for a dog the like of +that. Growling and grousing and his eye all bloodshot from the drouth +is in it and the hydrophobia dropping out of his jaws. + +All those who are interested in the spread of human culture among the +lower animals (and their name is legion) should make a point of not +missing the really marvellous exhibition of cynanthropy given by the +famous old Irish red setter wolfdog formerly known by the _sobriquet_ +of Garryowen and recently rechristened by his large circle of friends +and acquaintances Owen Garry. The exhibition, which is the result of +years of training by kindness and a carefully thoughtout dietary +system, comprises, among other achievements, the recitation of verse. +Our greatest living phonetic expert (wild horses shall not drag it from +us!) has left no stone unturned in his efforts to delucidate and +compare the verse recited and has found it bears a _striking_ +resemblance (the italics are ours) to the ranns of ancient Celtic +bards. We are not speaking so much of those delightful lovesongs with +which the writer who conceals his identity under the graceful pseudonym +of the Little Sweet Branch has familiarised the bookloving world but +rather (as a contributor D. O. C. points out in an interesting +communication published by an evening contemporary) of the harsher and +more personal note which is found in the satirical effusions of the +famous Raftery and of Donal MacConsidine to say nothing of a more +modern lyrist at present very much in the public eye. We subjoin a +specimen which has been rendered into English by an eminent scholar +whose name for the moment we are not at liberty to disclose though we +believe that our readers will find the topical allusion rather more +than an indication. The metrical system of the canine original, which +recalls the intricate alliterative and isosyllabic rules of the Welsh +englyn, is infinitely more complicated but we believe our readers will +agree that the spirit has been well caught. Perhaps it should be added +that the effect is greatly increased if Owen’s verse be spoken somewhat +slowly and indistinctly in a tone suggestive of suppressed rancour. + + The curse of my curses + Seven days every day + And seven dry Thursdays + On you, Barney Kiernan, + Has no sup of water + To cool my courage, + And my guts red roaring + After Lowry’s lights. + +So he told Terry to bring some water for the dog and, gob, you could +hear him lapping it up a mile off. And Joe asked him would he have +another. + +—I will, says he, _a chara_, to show there’s no ill feeling. + +Gob, he’s not as green as he’s cabbagelooking. Arsing around from one +pub to another, leaving it to your own honour, with old Giltrap’s dog +and getting fed up by the ratepayers and corporators. Entertainment for +man and beast. And says Joe: + +—Could you make a hole in another pint? + +—Could a swim duck? says I. + +—Same again, Terry, says Joe. Are you sure you won’t have anything in +the way of liquid refreshment? says he. + +—Thank you, no, says Bloom. As a matter of fact I just wanted to meet +Martin Cunningham, don’t you see, about this insurance of poor +Dignam’s. Martin asked me to go to the house. You see, he, Dignam, I +mean, didn’t serve any notice of the assignment on the company at the +time and nominally under the act the mortgagee can’t recover on the +policy. + +—Holy Wars, says Joe, laughing, that’s a good one if old Shylock is +landed. So the wife comes out top dog, what? + +—Well, that’s a point, says Bloom, for the wife’s admirers. + +—Whose admirers? says Joe. + +—The wife’s advisers, I mean, says Bloom. + +Then he starts all confused mucking it up about mortgagor under the act +like the lord chancellor giving it out on the bench and for the benefit +of the wife and that a trust is created but on the other hand that +Dignam owed Bridgeman the money and if now the wife or the widow +contested the mortgagee’s right till he near had the head of me addled +with his mortgagor under the act. He was bloody safe he wasn’t run in +himself under the act that time as a rogue and vagabond only he had a +friend in court. Selling bazaar tickets or what do you call it royal +Hungarian privileged lottery. True as you’re there. O, commend me to an +israelite! Royal and privileged Hungarian robbery. + +So Bob Doran comes lurching around asking Bloom to tell Mrs Dignam he +was sorry for her trouble and he was very sorry about the funeral and +to tell her that he said and everyone who knew him said that there was +never a truer, a finer than poor little Willy that’s dead to tell her. +Choking with bloody foolery. And shaking Bloom’s hand doing the tragic +to tell her that. Shake hands, brother. You’re a rogue and I’m another. + +—Let me, said he, so far presume upon our acquaintance which, however +slight it may appear if judged by the standard of mere time, is +founded, as I hope and believe, on a sentiment of mutual esteem as to +request of you this favour. But, should I have overstepped the limits +of reserve let the sincerity of my feelings be the excuse for my +boldness. + +—No, rejoined the other, I appreciate to the full the motives which +actuate your conduct and I shall discharge the office you entrust to me +consoled by the reflection that, though the errand be one of sorrow, +this proof of your confidence sweetens in some measure the bitterness +of the cup. + +—Then suffer me to take your hand, said he. The goodness of your heart, +I feel sure, will dictate to you better than my inadequate words the +expressions which are most suitable to convey an emotion whose +poignancy, were I to give vent to my feelings, would deprive me even of +speech. + +And off with him and out trying to walk straight. Boosed at five +o’clock. Night he was near being lagged only Paddy Leonard knew the +bobby, 14A. Blind to the world up in a shebeen in Bride street after +closing time, fornicating with two shawls and a bully on guard, +drinking porter out of teacups. And calling himself a Frenchy for the +shawls, Joseph Manuo, and talking against the Catholic religion, and he +serving mass in Adam and Eve’s when he was young with his eyes shut, +who wrote the new testament, and the old testament, and hugging and +smugging. And the two shawls killed with the laughing, picking his +pockets, the bloody fool and he spilling the porter all over the bed +and the two shawls screeching laughing at one another. _How is your +testament? Have you got an old testament?_ Only Paddy was passing +there, I tell you what. Then see him of a Sunday with his little +concubine of a wife, and she wagging her tail up the aisle of the +chapel with her patent boots on her, no less, and her violets, nice as +pie, doing the little lady. Jack Mooney’s sister. And the old +prostitute of a mother procuring rooms to street couples. Gob, Jack +made him toe the line. Told him if he didn’t patch up the pot, Jesus, +he’d kick the shite out of him. + +So Terry brought the three pints. + +—Here, says Joe, doing the honours. Here, citizen. + +—_Slan leat_, says he. + +—Fortune, Joe, says I. Good health, citizen. + +Gob, he had his mouth half way down the tumbler already. Want a small +fortune to keep him in drinks. + +—Who is the long fellow running for the mayoralty, Alf? says Joe. + +—Friend of yours, says Alf. + +—Nannan? says Joe. The mimber? + +—I won’t mention any names, says Alf. + +—I thought so, says Joe. I saw him up at that meeting now with William +Field, M. P., the cattle traders. + +—Hairy Iopas, says the citizen, that exploded volcano, the darling of +all countries and the idol of his own. + +So Joe starts telling the citizen about the foot and mouth disease and +the cattle traders and taking action in the matter and the citizen +sending them all to the rightabout and Bloom coming out with his +sheepdip for the scab and a hoose drench for coughing calves and the +guaranteed remedy for timber tongue. Because he was up one time in a +knacker’s yard. Walking about with his book and pencil here’s my head +and my heels are coming till Joe Cuffe gave him the order of the boot +for giving lip to a grazier. Mister Knowall. Teach your grandmother how +to milk ducks. Pisser Burke was telling me in the hotel the wife used +to be in rivers of tears some times with Mrs O’Dowd crying her eyes out +with her eight inches of fat all over her. Couldn’t loosen her farting +strings but old cod’s eye was waltzing around her showing her how to do +it. What’s your programme today? Ay. Humane methods. Because the poor +animals suffer and experts say and the best known remedy that doesn’t +cause pain to the animal and on the sore spot administer gently. Gob, +he’d have a soft hand under a hen. + +Ga Ga Gara. Klook Klook Klook. Black Liz is our hen. She lays eggs for +us. When she lays her egg she is so glad. Gara. Klook Klook Klook. Then +comes good uncle Leo. He puts his hand under black Liz and takes her +fresh egg. Ga ga ga ga Gara. Klook Klook Klook. + +—Anyhow, says Joe, Field and Nannetti are going over tonight to London +to ask about it on the floor of the house of commons. + +—Are you sure, says Bloom, the councillor is going? I wanted to see +him, as it happens. + +—Well, he’s going off by the mailboat, says Joe, tonight. + +—That’s too bad, says Bloom. I wanted particularly. Perhaps only Mr +Field is going. I couldn’t phone. No. You’re sure? + +—Nannan’s going too, says Joe. The league told him to ask a question +tomorrow about the commissioner of police forbidding Irish games in the +park. What do you think of that, citizen? _The Sluagh na h-Eireann_. + +Mr Cowe Conacre (Multifarnham. Nat.): Arising out of the question of my +honourable friend, the member for Shillelagh, may I ask the right +honourable gentleman whether the government has issued orders that +these animals shall be slaughtered though no medical evidence is +forthcoming as to their pathological condition? + +Mr Allfours (Tamoshant. Con.): Honourable members are already in +possession of the evidence produced before a committee of the whole +house. I feel I cannot usefully add anything to that. The answer to the +honourable member’s question is in the affirmative. + +Mr Orelli O’Reilly (Montenotte. Nat.): Have similar orders been issued +for the slaughter of human animals who dare to play Irish games in the +Phoenix park? + +Mr Allfours: The answer is in the negative. + +Mr Cowe Conacre: Has the right honourable gentleman’s famous +Mitchelstown telegram inspired the policy of gentlemen on the Treasury +bench? (O! O!) + +Mr Allfours: I must have notice of that question. + +Mr Staylewit (Buncombe. Ind.): Don’t hesitate to shoot. + +(Ironical opposition cheers.) + +The speaker: Order! Order! + +(The house rises. Cheers.) + +—There’s the man, says Joe, that made the Gaelic sports revival. There +he is sitting there. The man that got away James Stephens. The champion +of all Ireland at putting the sixteen pound shot. What was your best +throw, citizen? + +—_Na bacleis_, says the citizen, letting on to be modest. There was a +time I was as good as the next fellow anyhow. + +—Put it there, citizen, says Joe. You were and a bloody sight better. + +—Is that really a fact? says Alf. + +—Yes, says Bloom. That’s well known. Did you not know that? + +So off they started about Irish sports and shoneen games the like of +lawn tennis and about hurley and putting the stone and racy of the soil +and building up a nation once again and all to that. And of course +Bloom had to have his say too about if a fellow had a rower’s heart +violent exercise was bad. I declare to my antimacassar if you took up a +straw from the bloody floor and if you said to Bloom: _Look at, Bloom. +Do you see that straw? That’s a straw_. Declare to my aunt he’d talk +about it for an hour so he would and talk steady. + +A most interesting discussion took place in the ancient hall of _Brian +O’Ciarnain’s_ in _Sraid na Bretaine Bheag_, under the auspices of +_Sluagh na h-Eireann_, on the revival of ancient Gaelic sports and the +importance of physical culture, as understood in ancient Greece and +ancient Rome and ancient Ireland, for the development of the race. The +venerable president of the noble order was in the chair and the +attendance was of large dimensions. After an instructive discourse by +the chairman, a magnificent oration eloquently and forcibly expressed, +a most interesting and instructive discussion of the usual high +standard of excellence ensued as to the desirability of the +revivability of the ancient games and sports of our ancient Panceltic +forefathers. The wellknown and highly respected worker in the cause of +our old tongue, Mr Joseph M’Carthy Hynes, made an eloquent appeal for +the resuscitation of the ancient Gaelic sports and pastimes, practised +morning and evening by Finn MacCool, as calculated to revive the best +traditions of manly strength and prowess handed down to us from ancient +ages. L. Bloom, who met with a mixed reception of applause and hisses, +having espoused the negative the vocalist chairman brought the +discussion to a close, in response to repeated requests and hearty +plaudits from all parts of a bumper house, by a remarkably noteworthy +rendering of the immortal Thomas Osborne Davis’ evergreen verses +(happily too familiar to need recalling here) _A nation once again_ in +the execution of which the veteran patriot champion may be said without +fear of contradiction to have fairly excelled himself. The Irish +Caruso-Garibaldi was in superlative form and his stentorian notes were +heard to the greatest advantage in the timehonoured anthem sung as only +our citizen can sing it. His superb highclass vocalism, which by its +superquality greatly enhanced his already international reputation, was +vociferously applauded by the large audience among which were to be +noticed many prominent members of the clergy as well as representatives +of the press and the bar and the other learned professions. The +proceedings then terminated. + +Amongst the clergy present were the very rev. William Delany, S. J., L. +L. D.; the rt rev. Gerald Molloy, D. D.; the rev. P. J. Kavanagh, C. S. +Sp.; the rev. T. Waters, C. C.; the rev. John M. Ivers, P. P.; the rev. +P. J. Cleary, O. S. F.; the rev. L. J. Hickey, O. P.; the very rev. Fr. +Nicholas, O. S. F. C.; the very rev. B. Gorman, O. D. C.; the rev. T. +Maher, S. J.; the very rev. James Murphy, S. J.; the rev. John Lavery, +V. F.; the very rev. William Doherty, D. D.; the rev. Peter Fagan, O. +M.; the rev. T. Brangan, O. S. A.; the rev. J. Flavin, C. C.; the rev. +M. A. Hackett, C. C.; the rev. W. Hurley, C. C.; the rt rev. Mgr +M’Manus, V. G.; the rev. B. R. Slattery, O. M. I.; the very rev. M. D. +Scally, P. P.; the rev. F. T. Purcell, O. P.; the very rev. Timothy +canon Gorman, P. P.; the rev. J. Flanagan, C. C. The laity included P. +Fay, T. Quirke, etc., etc. + +—Talking about violent exercise, says Alf, were you at that +Keogh-Bennett match? + +—No, says Joe. + +—I heard So and So made a cool hundred quid over it, says Alf. + +—Who? Blazes? says Joe. + +And says Bloom: + +—What I meant about tennis, for example, is the agility and training +the eye. + +—Ay, Blazes, says Alf. He let out that Myler was on the beer to run up +the odds and he swatting all the time. + +—We know him, says the citizen. The traitor’s son. We know what put +English gold in his pocket. + +—True for you, says Joe. + +And Bloom cuts in again about lawn tennis and the circulation of the +blood, asking Alf: + +—Now, don’t you think, Bergan? + +—Myler dusted the floor with him, says Alf. Heenan and Sayers was only +a bloody fool to it. Handed him the father and mother of a beating. See +the little kipper not up to his navel and the big fellow swiping. God, +he gave him one last puck in the wind, Queensberry rules and all, made +him puke what he never ate. + +It was a historic and a hefty battle when Myler and Percy were +scheduled to don the gloves for the purse of fifty sovereigns. +Handicapped as he was by lack of poundage, Dublin’s pet lamb made up +for it by superlative skill in ringcraft. The final bout of fireworks +was a gruelling for both champions. The welterweight sergeantmajor had +tapped some lively claret in the previous mixup during which Keogh had +been receivergeneral of rights and lefts, the artilleryman putting in +some neat work on the pet’s nose, and Myler came on looking groggy. The +soldier got to business, leading off with a powerful left jab to which +the Irish gladiator retaliated by shooting out a stiff one flush to the +point of Bennett’s jaw. The redcoat ducked but the Dubliner lifted him +with a left hook, the body punch being a fine one. The men came to +handigrips. Myler quickly became busy and got his man under, the bout +ending with the bulkier man on the ropes, Myler punishing him. The +Englishman, whose right eye was nearly closed, took his corner where he +was liberally drenched with water and when the bell went came on gamey +and brimful of pluck, confident of knocking out the fistic Eblanite in +jigtime. It was a fight to a finish and the best man for it. The two +fought like tigers and excitement ran fever high. The referee twice +cautioned Pucking Percy for holding but the pet was tricky and his +footwork a treat to watch. After a brisk exchange of courtesies during +which a smart upper cut of the military man brought blood freely from +his opponent’s mouth the lamb suddenly waded in all over his man and +landed a terrific left to Battling Bennett’s stomach, flooring him +flat. It was a knockout clean and clever. Amid tense expectation the +Portobello bruiser was being counted out when Bennett’s second Ole +Pfotts Wettstein threw in the towel and the Santry boy was declared +victor to the frenzied cheers of the public who broke through the +ringropes and fairly mobbed him with delight. + +—He knows which side his bread is buttered, says Alf. I hear he’s +running a concert tour now up in the north. + +—He is, says Joe. Isn’t he? + +—Who? says Bloom. Ah, yes. That’s quite true. Yes, a kind of summer +tour, you see. Just a holiday. + +—Mrs B. is the bright particular star, isn’t she? says Joe. + +—My wife? says Bloom. She’s singing, yes. I think it will be a success +too. He’s an excellent man to organise. Excellent. + +Hoho begob says I to myself says I. That explains the milk in the +cocoanut and absence of hair on the animal’s chest. Blazes doing the +tootle on the flute. Concert tour. Dirty Dan the dodger’s son off +Island bridge that sold the same horses twice over to the government to +fight the Boers. Old Whatwhat. I called about the poor and water rate, +Mr Boylan. You what? The water rate, Mr Boylan. You whatwhat? That’s +the bucko that’ll organise her, take my tip. ’Twixt me and you +Caddareesh. + +Pride of Calpe’s rocky mount, the ravenhaired daughter of Tweedy. There +grew she to peerless beauty where loquat and almond scent the air. The +gardens of Alameda knew her step: the garths of olives knew and bowed. +The chaste spouse of Leopold is she: Marion of the bountiful bosoms. + +And lo, there entered one of the clan of the O’Molloy’s, a comely hero +of white face yet withal somewhat ruddy, his majesty’s counsel learned +in the law, and with him the prince and heir of the noble line of +Lambert. + +—Hello, Ned. + +—Hello, Alf. + +—Hello, Jack. + +—Hello, Joe. + +—God save you, says the citizen. + +—Save you kindly, says J. J. What’ll it be, Ned? + +—Half one, says Ned. + +So J. J. ordered the drinks. + +—Were you round at the court? says Joe. + +—Yes, says J. J. He’ll square that, Ned, says he. + +—Hope so, says Ned. + +Now what were those two at? J. J. getting him off the grand jury list +and the other give him a leg over the stile. With his name in Stubbs’s. +Playing cards, hobnobbing with flash toffs with a swank glass in their +eye, adrinking fizz and he half smothered in writs and garnishee +orders. Pawning his gold watch in Cummins of Francis street where +no-one would know him in the private office when I was there with +Pisser releasing his boots out of the pop. What’s your name, sir? +Dunne, says he. Ay, and done says I. Gob, he’ll come home by weeping +cross one of those days, I’m thinking. + +—Did you see that bloody lunatic Breen round there? says Alf. U. p: up. + +—Yes, says J. J. Looking for a private detective. + +—Ay, says Ned. And he wanted right go wrong to address the court only +Corny Kelleher got round him telling him to get the handwriting +examined first. + +—Ten thousand pounds, says Alf, laughing. God, I’d give anything to +hear him before a judge and jury. + +—Was it you did it, Alf? says Joe. The truth, the whole truth and +nothing but the truth, so help you Jimmy Johnson. + +—Me? says Alf. Don’t cast your nasturtiums on my character. + +—Whatever statement you make, says Joe, will be taken down in evidence +against you. + +—Of course an action would lie, says J. J. It implies that he is not +_compos mentis_. U. p: up. + +_—Compos_ your eye! says Alf, laughing. Do you know that he’s balmy? +Look at his head. Do you know that some mornings he has to get his hat +on with a shoehorn. + +—Yes, says J. J., but the truth of a libel is no defence to an +indictment for publishing it in the eyes of the law. + +—Ha ha, Alf, says Joe. + +—Still, says Bloom, on account of the poor woman, I mean his wife. + +—Pity about her, says the citizen. Or any other woman marries a half +and half. + +—How half and half? says Bloom. Do you mean he... + +—Half and half I mean, says the citizen. A fellow that’s neither fish +nor flesh. + +—Nor good red herring, says Joe. + +—That what’s I mean, says the citizen. A pishogue, if you know what +that is. + +Begob I saw there was trouble coming. And Bloom explaining he meant on +account of it being cruel for the wife having to go round after the old +stuttering fool. Cruelty to animals so it is to let that bloody +povertystricken Breen out on grass with his beard out tripping him, +bringing down the rain. And she with her nose cockahoop after she +married him because a cousin of his old fellow’s was pewopener to the +pope. Picture of him on the wall with his Smashall Sweeney’s +moustaches, the signior Brini from Summerhill, the eyetallyano, papal +Zouave to the Holy Father, has left the quay and gone to Moss street. +And who was he, tell us? A nobody, two pair back and passages, at seven +shillings a week, and he covered with all kinds of breastplates bidding +defiance to the world. + +—And moreover, says J. J., a postcard is publication. It was held to be +sufficient evidence of malice in the testcase Sadgrove v. Hole. In my +opinion an action might lie. + +Six and eightpence, please. Who wants your opinion? Let us drink our +pints in peace. Gob, we won’t be let even do that much itself. + +—Well, good health, Jack, says Ned. + +—Good health, Ned, says J. J. + +—-There he is again, says Joe. + +—Where? says Alf. + +And begob there he was passing the door with his books under his oxter +and the wife beside him and Corny Kelleher with his wall eye looking in +as they went past, talking to him like a father, trying to sell him a +secondhand coffin. + +—How did that Canada swindle case go off? says Joe. + +—Remanded, says J. J. + +One of the bottlenosed fraternity it was went by the name of James +Wought alias Saphiro alias Spark and Spiro, put an ad in the papers +saying he’d give a passage to Canada for twenty bob. What? Do you see +any green in the white of my eye? Course it was a bloody barney. What? +Swindled them all, skivvies and badhachs from the county Meath, ay, and +his own kidney too. J. J. was telling us there was an ancient Hebrew +Zaretsky or something weeping in the witnessbox with his hat on him, +swearing by the holy Moses he was stuck for two quid. + +—Who tried the case? says Joe. + +—Recorder, says Ned. + +—Poor old sir Frederick, says Alf, you can cod him up to the two eyes. + +—Heart as big as a lion, says Ned. Tell him a tale of woe about arrears +of rent and a sick wife and a squad of kids and, faith, he’ll dissolve +in tears on the bench. + +—Ay, says Alf. Reuben J was bloody lucky he didn’t clap him in the dock +the other day for suing poor little Gumley that’s minding stones, for +the corporation there near Butt bridge. + +And he starts taking off the old recorder letting on to cry: + +—A most scandalous thing! This poor hardworking man! How many children? +Ten, did you say? + +—Yes, your worship. And my wife has the typhoid. + +—And the wife with typhoid fever! Scandalous! Leave the court +immediately, sir. No, sir, I’ll make no order for payment. How dare +you, sir, come up before me and ask me to make an order! A poor +hardworking industrious man! I dismiss the case. + +And whereas on the sixteenth day of the month of the oxeyed goddess and +in the third week after the feastday of the Holy and Undivided Trinity, +the daughter of the skies, the virgin moon being then in her first +quarter, it came to pass that those learned judges repaired them to the +halls of law. There master Courtenay, sitting in his own chamber, gave +his rede and master Justice Andrews, sitting without a jury in the +probate court, weighed well and pondered the claim of the first +chargeant upon the property in the matter of the will propounded and +final testamentary disposition _in re_ the real and personal estate of +the late lamented Jacob Halliday, vintner, deceased, versus +Livingstone, an infant, of unsound mind, and another. And to the solemn +court of Green street there came sir Frederick the Falconer. And he sat +him there about the hour of five o’clock to administer the law of the +brehons at the commission for all that and those parts to be holden in +and for the county of the city of Dublin. And there sat with him the +high sinhedrim of the twelve tribes of Iar, for every tribe one man, of +the tribe of Patrick and of the tribe of Hugh and of the tribe of Owen +and of the tribe of Conn and of the tribe of Oscar and of the tribe of +Fergus and of the tribe of Finn and of the tribe of Dermot and of the +tribe of Cormac and of the tribe of Kevin and of the tribe of Caolte +and of the tribe of Ossian, there being in all twelve good men and +true. And he conjured them by Him who died on rood that they should +well and truly try and true deliverance make in the issue joined +between their sovereign lord the king and the prisoner at the bar and +true verdict give according to the evidence so help them God and kiss +the book. And they rose in their seats, those twelve of Iar, and they +swore by the name of Him Who is from everlasting that they would do His +rightwiseness. And straightway the minions of the law led forth from +their donjon keep one whom the sleuthhounds of justice had apprehended +in consequence of information received. And they shackled him hand and +foot and would take of him ne bail ne mainprise but preferred a charge +against him for he was a malefactor. + +—Those are nice things, says the citizen, coming over here to Ireland +filling the country with bugs. + +So Bloom lets on he heard nothing and he starts talking with Joe, +telling him he needn’t trouble about that little matter till the first +but if he would just say a word to Mr Crawford. And so Joe swore high +and holy by this and by that he’d do the devil and all. + +—Because, you see, says Bloom, for an advertisement you must have +repetition. That’s the whole secret. + +—Rely on me, says Joe. + +—Swindling the peasants, says the citizen, and the poor of Ireland. We +want no more strangers in our house. + +—O, I’m sure that will be all right, Hynes, says Bloom. It’s just that +Keyes, you see. + +—Consider that done, says Joe. + +—Very kind of you, says Bloom. + +—The strangers, says the citizen. Our own fault. We let them come in. +We brought them in. The adulteress and her paramour brought the Saxon +robbers here. + +—Decree _nisi,_ says J. J. + +And Bloom letting on to be awfully deeply interested in nothing, a +spider’s web in the corner behind the barrel, and the citizen scowling +after him and the old dog at his feet looking up to know who to bite +and when. + +—A dishonoured wife, says the citizen, that’s what’s the cause of all +our misfortunes. + +—And here she is, says Alf, that was giggling over the _Police Gazette_ +with Terry on the counter, in all her warpaint. + +—Give us a squint at her, says I. + +And what was it only one of the smutty yankee pictures Terry borrows +off of Corny Kelleher. Secrets for enlarging your private parts. +Misconduct of society belle. Norman W. Tupper, wealthy Chicago +contractor, finds pretty but faithless wife in lap of officer Taylor. +Belle in her bloomers misconducting herself, and her fancyman feeling +for her tickles and Norman W. Tupper bouncing in with his peashooter +just in time to be late after she doing the trick of the loop with +officer Taylor. + +—O jakers, Jenny, says Joe, how short your shirt is! + +—There’s hair, Joe, says I. Get a queer old tailend of corned beef off +of that one, what? + +So anyhow in came John Wyse Nolan and Lenehan with him with a face on +him as long as a late breakfast. + +—Well, says the citizen, what’s the latest from the scene of action? +What did those tinkers in the city hall at their caucus meeting decide +about the Irish language? + +O’Nolan, clad in shining armour, low bending made obeisance to the +puissant and high and mighty chief of all Erin and did him to wit of +that which had befallen, how that the grave elders of the most obedient +city, second of the realm, had met them in the tholsel, and there, +after due prayers to the gods who dwell in ether supernal, had taken +solemn counsel whereby they might, if so be it might be, bring once +more into honour among mortal men the winged speech of the seadivided +Gael. + +—It’s on the march, says the citizen. To hell with the bloody brutal +Sassenachs and their _patois._ + +So J. J. puts in a word, doing the toff about one story was good till +you heard another and blinking facts and the Nelson policy, putting +your blind eye to the telescope and drawing up a bill of attainder to +impeach a nation, and Bloom trying to back him up moderation and +botheration and their colonies and their civilisation. + +—Their syphilisation, you mean, says the citizen. To hell with them! +The curse of a goodfornothing God light sideways on the bloody +thicklugged sons of whores’ gets! No music and no art and no literature +worthy of the name. Any civilisation they have they stole from us. +Tonguetied sons of bastards’ ghosts. + +—The European family, says J. J.... + +—They’re not European, says the citizen. I was in Europe with Kevin +Egan of Paris. You wouldn’t see a trace of them or their language +anywhere in Europe except in a _cabinet d’aisance._ + +And says John Wyse: + +—Full many a flower is born to blush unseen. + +And says Lenehan that knows a bit of the lingo: + +—_Conspuez les Anglais! Perfide Albion!_ + +He said and then lifted he in his rude great brawny strengthy hands the +medher of dark strong foamy ale and, uttering his tribal slogan _Lamh +Dearg Abu_, he drank to the undoing of his foes, a race of mighty +valorous heroes, rulers of the waves, who sit on thrones of alabaster +silent as the deathless gods. + +—What’s up with you, says I to Lenehan. You look like a fellow that had +lost a bob and found a tanner. + +—Gold cup, says he. + +—Who won, Mr Lenehan? says Terry. + +_—Throwaway,_ says he, at twenty to one. A rank outsider. And the rest +nowhere. + +—And Bass’s mare? says Terry. + +—Still running, says he. We’re all in a cart. Boylan plunged two quid +on my tip _Sceptre_ for himself and a lady friend. + +—I had half a crown myself, says Terry, on _Zinfandel_ that Mr Flynn +gave me. Lord Howard de Walden’s. + +—Twenty to one, says Lenehan. Such is life in an outhouse. _Throwaway,_ +says he. Takes the biscuit, and talking about bunions. Frailty, thy +name is _Sceptre._ + +So he went over to the biscuit tin Bob Doran left to see if there was +anything he could lift on the nod, the old cur after him backing his +luck with his mangy snout up. Old Mother Hubbard went to the cupboard. + +—Not there, my child, says he. + +—Keep your pecker up, says Joe. She’d have won the money only for the +other dog. + +And J. J. and the citizen arguing about law and history with Bloom +sticking in an odd word. + +—Some people, says Bloom, can see the mote in others’ eyes but they +can’t see the beam in their own. + +—_Raimeis_, says the citizen. There’s no-one as blind as the fellow +that won’t see, if you know what that means. Where are our missing +twenty millions of Irish should be here today instead of four, our lost +tribes? And our potteries and textiles, the finest in the whole world! +And our wool that was sold in Rome in the time of Juvenal and our flax +and our damask from the looms of Antrim and our Limerick lace, our +tanneries and our white flint glass down there by Ballybough and our +Huguenot poplin that we have since Jacquard de Lyon and our woven silk +and our Foxford tweeds and ivory raised point from the Carmelite +convent in New Ross, nothing like it in the whole wide world. Where are +the Greek merchants that came through the pillars of Hercules, the +Gibraltar now grabbed by the foe of mankind, with gold and Tyrian +purple to sell in Wexford at the fair of Carmen? Read Tacitus and +Ptolemy, even Giraldus Cambrensis. Wine, peltries, Connemara marble, +silver from Tipperary, second to none, our farfamed horses even today, +the Irish hobbies, with king Philip of Spain offering to pay customs +duties for the right to fish in our waters. What do the yellowjohns of +Anglia owe us for our ruined trade and our ruined hearths? And the beds +of the Barrow and Shannon they won’t deepen with millions of acres of +marsh and bog to make us all die of consumption? + +—As treeless as Portugal we’ll be soon, says John Wyse, or Heligoland +with its one tree if something is not done to reafforest the land. +Larches, firs, all the trees of the conifer family are going fast. I +was reading a report of lord Castletown’s... + +—Save them, says the citizen, the giant ash of Galway and the chieftain +elm of Kildare with a fortyfoot bole and an acre of foliage. Save the +trees of Ireland for the future men of Ireland on the fair hills of +Eire, O. + +—Europe has its eyes on you, says Lenehan. + +The fashionable international world attended _en masse_ this afternoon +at the wedding of the chevalier Jean Wyse de Neaulan, grand high chief +ranger of the Irish National Foresters, with Miss Fir Conifer of Pine +Valley. Lady Sylvester Elmshade, Mrs Barbara Lovebirch, Mrs Poll Ash, +Mrs Holly Hazeleyes, Miss Daphne Bays, Miss Dorothy Canebrake, Mrs +Clyde Twelvetrees, Mrs Rowan Greene, Mrs Helen Vinegadding, Miss +Virginia Creeper, Miss Gladys Beech, Miss Olive Garth, Miss Blanche +Maple, Mrs Maud Mahogany, Miss Myra Myrtle, Miss Priscilla Elderflower, +Miss Bee Honeysuckle, Miss Grace Poplar, Miss O Mimosa San, Miss Rachel +Cedarfrond, the Misses Lilian and Viola Lilac, Miss Timidity Aspenall, +Mrs Kitty Dewey-Mosse, Miss May Hawthorne, Mrs Gloriana Palme, Mrs +Liana Forrest, Mrs Arabella Blackwood and Mrs Norma Holyoake of +Oakholme Regis graced the ceremony by their presence. The bride who was +given away by her father, the M’Conifer of the Glands, looked +exquisitely charming in a creation carried out in green mercerised +silk, moulded on an underslip of gloaming grey, sashed with a yoke of +broad emerald and finished with a triple flounce of darkerhued fringe, +the scheme being relieved by bretelles and hip insertions of acorn +bronze. The maids of honour, Miss Larch Conifer and Miss Spruce +Conifer, sisters of the bride, wore very becoming costumes in the same +tone, a dainty _motif_ of plume rose being worked into the pleats in a +pinstripe and repeated capriciously in the jadegreen toques in the form +of heron feathers of paletinted coral. Senhor Enrique Flor presided at +the organ with his wellknown ability and, in addition to the prescribed +numbers of the nuptial mass, played a new and striking arrangement of +_Woodman, spare that tree_ at the conclusion of the service. On leaving +the church of Saint Fiacre _in Horto_ after the papal blessing the +happy pair were subjected to a playful crossfire of hazelnuts, +beechmast, bayleaves, catkins of willow, ivytod, hollyberries, +mistletoe sprigs and quicken shoots. Mr and Mrs Wyse Conifer Neaulan +will spend a quiet honeymoon in the Black Forest. + +—And our eyes are on Europe, says the citizen. We had our trade with +Spain and the French and with the Flemings before those mongrels were +pupped, Spanish ale in Galway, the winebark on the winedark waterway. + +—And will again, says Joe. + +—And with the help of the holy mother of God we will again, says the +citizen, clapping his thigh. Our harbours that are empty will be full +again, Queenstown, Kinsale, Galway, Blacksod Bay, Ventry in the kingdom +of Kerry, Killybegs, the third largest harbour in the wide world with a +fleet of masts of the Galway Lynches and the Cavan O’Reillys and the +O’Kennedys of Dublin when the earl of Desmond could make a treaty with +the emperor Charles the Fifth himself. And will again, says he, when +the first Irish battleship is seen breasting the waves with our own +flag to the fore, none of your Henry Tudor’s harps, no, the oldest flag +afloat, the flag of the province of Desmond and Thomond, three crowns +on a blue field, the three sons of Milesius. + +And he took the last swig out of the pint. Moya. All wind and piss like +a tanyard cat. Cows in Connacht have long horns. As much as his bloody +life is worth to go down and address his tall talk to the assembled +multitude in Shanagolden where he daren’t show his nose with the Molly +Maguires looking for him to let daylight through him for grabbing the +holding of an evicted tenant. + +—Hear, hear to that, says John Wyse. What will you have? + +—An imperial yeomanry, says Lenehan, to celebrate the occasion. + +—Half one, Terry, says John Wyse, and a hands up. Terry! Are you +asleep? + +—Yes, sir, says Terry. Small whisky and bottle of Allsop. Right, sir. + +Hanging over the bloody paper with Alf looking for spicy bits instead +of attending to the general public. Picture of a butting match, trying +to crack their bloody skulls, one chap going for the other with his +head down like a bull at a gate. And another one: _Black Beast Burned +in Omaha, Ga_. A lot of Deadwood Dicks in slouch hats and they firing +at a Sambo strung up in a tree with his tongue out and a bonfire under +him. Gob, they ought to drown him in the sea after and electrocute and +crucify him to make sure of their job. + +—But what about the fighting navy, says Ned, that keeps our foes at +bay? + +—I’ll tell you what about it, says the citizen. Hell upon earth it is. +Read the revelations that’s going on in the papers about flogging on +the training ships at Portsmouth. A fellow writes that calls himself +_Disgusted One_. + +So he starts telling us about corporal punishment and about the crew of +tars and officers and rearadmirals drawn up in cocked hats and the +parson with his protestant bible to witness punishment and a young lad +brought out, howling for his ma, and they tie him down on the buttend +of a gun. + +—A rump and dozen, says the citizen, was what that old ruffian sir John +Beresford called it but the modern God’s Englishman calls it caning on +the breech. + +And says John Wyse: + +—’Tis a custom more honoured in the breach than in the observance. + +Then he was telling us the master at arms comes along with a long cane +and he draws out and he flogs the bloody backside off of the poor lad +till he yells meila murder. + +—That’s your glorious British navy, says the citizen, that bosses the +earth. The fellows that never will be slaves, with the only hereditary +chamber on the face of God’s earth and their land in the hands of a +dozen gamehogs and cottonball barons. That’s the great empire they +boast about of drudges and whipped serfs. + +—On which the sun never rises, says Joe. + +—And the tragedy of it is, says the citizen, they believe it. The +unfortunate yahoos believe it. + +They believe in rod, the scourger almighty, creator of hell upon earth, +and in Jacky Tar, the son of a gun, who was conceived of unholy boast, +born of the fighting navy, suffered under rump and dozen, was +scarified, flayed and curried, yelled like bloody hell, the third day +he arose again from the bed, steered into haven, sitteth on his beamend +till further orders whence he shall come to drudge for a living and be +paid. + +—But, says Bloom, isn’t discipline the same everywhere. I mean wouldn’t +it be the same here if you put force against force? + +Didn’t I tell you? As true as I’m drinking this porter if he was at his +last gasp he’d try to downface you that dying was living. + +—We’ll put force against force, says the citizen. We have our greater +Ireland beyond the sea. They were driven out of house and home in the +black 47. Their mudcabins and their shielings by the roadside were laid +low by the batteringram and the _Times_ rubbed its hands and told the +whitelivered Saxons there would soon be as few Irish in Ireland as +redskins in America. Even the Grand Turk sent us his piastres. But the +Sassenach tried to starve the nation at home while the land was full of +crops that the British hyenas bought and sold in Rio de Janeiro. Ay, +they drove out the peasants in hordes. Twenty thousand of them died in +the coffinships. But those that came to the land of the free remember +the land of bondage. And they will come again and with a vengeance, no +cravens, the sons of Granuaile, the champions of Kathleen ni Houlihan. + +—Perfectly true, says Bloom. But my point was... + +—We are a long time waiting for that day, citizen, says Ned. Since the +poor old woman told us that the French were on the sea and landed at +Killala. + +—Ay, says John Wyse. We fought for the royal Stuarts that reneged us +against the Williamites and they betrayed us. Remember Limerick and the +broken treatystone. We gave our best blood to France and Spain, the +wild geese. Fontenoy, eh? And Sarsfield and O’Donnell, duke of Tetuan +in Spain, and Ulysses Browne of Camus that was fieldmarshal to Maria +Teresa. But what did we ever get for it? + +—The French! says the citizen. Set of dancing masters! Do you know what +it is? They were never worth a roasted fart to Ireland. Aren’t they +trying to make an _Entente cordiale_ now at Tay Pay’s dinnerparty with +perfidious Albion? Firebrands of Europe and they always were. + +—_Conspuez les Français_, says Lenehan, nobbling his beer. + +—And as for the Prooshians and the Hanoverians, says Joe, haven’t we +had enough of those sausageeating bastards on the throne from George +the elector down to the German lad and the flatulent old bitch that’s +dead? + +Jesus, I had to laugh at the way he came out with that about the old +one with the winkers on her, blind drunk in her royal palace every +night of God, old Vic, with her jorum of mountain dew and her coachman +carting her up body and bones to roll into bed and she pulling him by +the whiskers and singing him old bits of songs about _Ehren on the +Rhine_ and come where the boose is cheaper. + +—Well, says J. J. We have Edward the peacemaker now. + +—Tell that to a fool, says the citizen. There’s a bloody sight more pox +than pax about that boyo. Edward Guelph-Wettin! + +—And what do you think, says Joe, of the holy boys, the priests and +bishops of Ireland doing up his room in Maynooth in His Satanic +Majesty’s racing colours and sticking up pictures of all the horses his +jockeys rode. The earl of Dublin, no less. + +—They ought to have stuck up all the women he rode himself, says little +Alf. + +And says J. J.: + +—Considerations of space influenced their lordships’ decision. + +—Will you try another, citizen? says Joe. + +—Yes, sir, says he. I will. + +—You? says Joe. + +—Beholden to you, Joe, says I. May your shadow never grow less. + +—Repeat that dose, says Joe. + +Bloom was talking and talking with John Wyse and he quite excited with +his dunducketymudcoloured mug on him and his old plumeyes rolling +about. + +—Persecution, says he, all the history of the world is full of it. +Perpetuating national hatred among nations. + +—But do you know what a nation means? says John Wyse. + +—Yes, says Bloom. + +—What is it? says John Wyse. + +—A nation? says Bloom. A nation is the same people living in the same +place. + +—By God, then, says Ned, laughing, if that’s so I’m a nation for I’m +living in the same place for the past five years. + +So of course everyone had the laugh at Bloom and says he, trying to +muck out of it: + +—Or also living in different places. + +—That covers my case, says Joe. + +—What is your nation if I may ask? says the citizen. + +—Ireland, says Bloom. I was born here. Ireland. + +The citizen said nothing only cleared the spit out of his gullet and, +gob, he spat a Red bank oyster out of him right in the corner. + +—After you with the push, Joe, says he, taking out his handkerchief to +swab himself dry. + +—Here you are, citizen, says Joe. Take that in your right hand and +repeat after me the following words. + +The muchtreasured and intricately embroidered ancient Irish facecloth +attributed to Solomon of Droma and Manus Tomaltach og MacDonogh, +authors of the Book of Ballymote, was then carefully produced and +called forth prolonged admiration. No need to dwell on the legendary +beauty of the cornerpieces, the acme of art, wherein one can distinctly +discern each of the four evangelists in turn presenting to each of the +four masters his evangelical symbol, a bogoak sceptre, a North American +puma (a far nobler king of beasts than the British article, be it said +in passing), a Kerry calf and a golden eagle from Carrantuohill. The +scenes depicted on the emunctory field, showing our ancient duns and +raths and cromlechs and grianauns and seats of learning and maledictive +stones, are as wonderfully beautiful and the pigments as delicate as +when the Sligo illuminators gave free rein to their artistic fantasy +long long ago in the time of the Barmecides. Glendalough, the lovely +lakes of Killarney, the ruins of Clonmacnois, Cong Abbey, Glen Inagh +and the Twelve Pins, Ireland’s Eye, the Green Hills of Tallaght, Croagh +Patrick, the brewery of Messrs Arthur Guinness, Son and Company +(Limited), Lough Neagh’s banks, the vale of Ovoca, Isolde’s tower, the +Mapas obelisk, Sir Patrick Dun’s hospital, Cape Clear, the glen of +Aherlow, Lynch’s castle, the Scotch house, Rathdown Union Workhouse at +Loughlinstown, Tullamore jail, Castleconnel rapids, +Kilballymacshonakill, the cross at Monasterboice, Jury’s Hotel, S. +Patrick’s Purgatory, the Salmon Leap, Maynooth college refectory, +Curley’s hole, the three birthplaces of the first duke of Wellington, +the rock of Cashel, the bog of Allen, the Henry Street Warehouse, +Fingal’s Cave—all these moving scenes are still there for us today +rendered more beautiful still by the waters of sorrow which have passed +over them and by the rich incrustations of time. + +—Show us over the drink, says I. Which is which? + +—That’s mine, says Joe, as the devil said to the dead policeman. + +—And I belong to a race too, says Bloom, that is hated and persecuted. +Also now. This very moment. This very instant. + +Gob, he near burnt his fingers with the butt of his old cigar. + +—Robbed, says he. Plundered. Insulted. Persecuted. Taking what belongs +to us by right. At this very moment, says he, putting up his fist, sold +by auction in Morocco like slaves or cattle. + +—Are you talking about the new Jerusalem? says the citizen. + +—I’m talking about injustice, says Bloom. + +—Right, says John Wyse. Stand up to it then with force like men. + +That’s an almanac picture for you. Mark for a softnosed bullet. Old +lardyface standing up to the business end of a gun. Gob, he’d adorn a +sweepingbrush, so he would, if he only had a nurse’s apron on him. And +then he collapses all of a sudden, twisting around all the opposite, as +limp as a wet rag. + +—But it’s no use, says he. Force, hatred, history, all that. That’s not +life for men and women, insult and hatred. And everybody knows that +it’s the very opposite of that that is really life. + +—What? says Alf. + +—Love, says Bloom. I mean the opposite of hatred. I must go now, says +he to John Wyse. Just round to the court a moment to see if Martin is +there. If he comes just say I’ll be back in a second. Just a moment. + +Who’s hindering you? And off he pops like greased lightning. + +—A new apostle to the gentiles, says the citizen. Universal love. + +—Well, says John Wyse. Isn’t that what we’re told. Love your neighbour. + +—That chap? says the citizen. Beggar my neighbour is his motto. Love, +moya! He’s a nice pattern of a Romeo and Juliet. + +Love loves to love love. Nurse loves the new chemist. Constable 14A +loves Mary Kelly. Gerty MacDowell loves the boy that has the bicycle. +M. B. loves a fair gentleman. Li Chi Han lovey up kissy Cha Pu Chow. +Jumbo, the elephant, loves Alice, the elephant. Old Mr Verschoyle with +the ear trumpet loves old Mrs Verschoyle with the turnedin eye. The man +in the brown macintosh loves a lady who is dead. His Majesty the King +loves Her Majesty the Queen. Mrs Norman W. Tupper loves officer Taylor. +You love a certain person. And this person loves that other person +because everybody loves somebody but God loves everybody. + +—Well, Joe, says I, your very good health and song. More power, +citizen. + +—Hurrah, there, says Joe. + +—The blessing of God and Mary and Patrick on you, says the citizen. + +And he ups with his pint to wet his whistle. + +—We know those canters, says he, preaching and picking your pocket. +What about sanctimonious Cromwell and his ironsides that put the women +and children of Drogheda to the sword with the bible text _God is love_ +pasted round the mouth of his cannon? The bible! Did you read that skit +in the _United Irishman_ today about that Zulu chief that’s visiting +England? + +—What’s that? says Joe. + +So the citizen takes up one of his paraphernalia papers and he starts +reading out: + +—A delegation of the chief cotton magnates of Manchester was presented +yesterday to His Majesty the Alaki of Abeakuta by Gold Stick in +Waiting, Lord Walkup of Walkup on Eggs, to tender to His Majesty the +heartfelt thanks of British traders for the facilities afforded them in +his dominions. The delegation partook of luncheon at the conclusion of +which the dusky potentate, in the course of a happy speech, freely +translated by the British chaplain, the reverend Ananias Praisegod +Barebones, tendered his best thanks to Massa Walkup and emphasised the +cordial relations existing between Abeakuta and the British empire, +stating that he treasured as one of his dearest possessions an +illuminated bible, the volume of the word of God and the secret of +England’s greatness, graciously presented to him by the white chief +woman, the great squaw Victoria, with a personal dedication from the +august hand of the Royal Donor. The Alaki then drank a lovingcup of +firstshot usquebaugh to the toast _Black and White_ from the skull of +his immediate predecessor in the dynasty Kakachakachak, surnamed Forty +Warts, after which he visited the chief factory of Cottonopolis and +signed his mark in the visitors’ book, subsequently executing a +charming old Abeakutic wardance, in the course of which he swallowed +several knives and forks, amid hilarious applause from the girl hands. + +—Widow woman, says Ned. I wouldn’t doubt her. Wonder did he put that +bible to the same use as I would. + +—Same only more so, says Lenehan. And thereafter in that fruitful land +the broadleaved mango flourished exceedingly. + +—Is that by Griffith? says John Wyse. + +—No, says the citizen. It’s not signed Shanganagh. It’s only +initialled: P. + +—And a very good initial too, says Joe. + +—That’s how it’s worked, says the citizen. Trade follows the flag. + +—Well, says J. J., if they’re any worse than those Belgians in the +Congo Free State they must be bad. Did you read that report by a man +what’s this his name is? + +—Casement, says the citizen. He’s an Irishman. + +—Yes, that’s the man, says J. J. Raping the women and girls and +flogging the natives on the belly to squeeze all the red rubber they +can out of them. + +—I know where he’s gone, says Lenehan, cracking his fingers. + +—Who? says I. + +—Bloom, says he. The courthouse is a blind. He had a few bob on +_Throwaway_ and he’s gone to gather in the shekels. + +—Is it that whiteeyed kaffir? says the citizen, that never backed a +horse in anger in his life? + +—That’s where he’s gone, says Lenehan. I met Bantam Lyons going to back +that horse only I put him off it and he told me Bloom gave him the tip. +Bet you what you like he has a hundred shillings to five on. He’s the +only man in Dublin has it. A dark horse. + +—He’s a bloody dark horse himself, says Joe. + +—Mind, Joe, says I. Show us the entrance out. + +—There you are, says Terry. + +Goodbye Ireland I’m going to Gort. So I just went round the back of the +yard to pumpship and begob (hundred shillings to five) while I was +letting off my _(Throwaway_ twenty to) letting off my load gob says I +to myself I knew he was uneasy in his (two pints off of Joe and one in +Slattery’s off) in his mind to get off the mark to (hundred shillings +is five quid) and when they were in the (dark horse) pisser Burke was +telling me card party and letting on the child was sick (gob, must have +done about a gallon) flabbyarse of a wife speaking down the tube _she’s +better_ or _she’s_ (ow!) all a plan so he could vamoose with the pool +if he won or (Jesus, full up I was) trading without a licence (ow!) +Ireland my nation says he (hoik! phthook!) never be up to those bloody +(there’s the last of it) Jerusalem (ah!) cuckoos. + +So anyhow when I got back they were at it dingdong, John Wyse saying it +was Bloom gave the ideas for Sinn Fein to Griffith to put in his paper +all kinds of jerrymandering, packed juries and swindling the taxes off +of the government and appointing consuls all over the world to walk +about selling Irish industries. Robbing Peter to pay Paul. Gob, that +puts the bloody kybosh on it if old sloppy eyes is mucking up the show. +Give us a bloody chance. God save Ireland from the likes of that bloody +mouseabout. Mr Bloom with his argol bargol. And his old fellow before +him perpetrating frauds, old Methusalem Bloom, the robbing bagman, that +poisoned himself with the prussic acid after he swamping the country +with his baubles and his penny diamonds. Loans by post on easy terms. +Any amount of money advanced on note of hand. Distance no object. No +security. Gob, he’s like Lanty MacHale’s goat that’d go a piece of the +road with every one. + +—Well, it’s a fact, says John Wyse. And there’s the man now that’ll +tell you all about it, Martin Cunningham. + +Sure enough the castle car drove up with Martin on it and Jack Power +with him and a fellow named Crofter or Crofton, pensioner out of the +collector general’s, an orangeman Blackburn does have on the +registration and he drawing his pay or Crawford gallivanting around the +country at the king’s expense. + +Our travellers reached the rustic hostelry and alighted from their +palfreys. + +—Ho, varlet! cried he, who by his mien seemed the leader of the party. +Saucy knave! To us! + +So saying he knocked loudly with his swordhilt upon the open lattice. + +Mine host came forth at the summons, girding him with his tabard. + +—Give you good den, my masters, said he with an obsequious bow. + +—Bestir thyself, sirrah! cried he who had knocked. Look to our steeds. +And for ourselves give us of your best for ifaith we need it. + +—Lackaday, good masters, said the host, my poor house has but a bare +larder. I know not what to offer your lordships. + +—How now, fellow? cried the second of the party, a man of pleasant +countenance, So servest thou the king’s messengers, master Taptun? + +An instantaneous change overspread the landlord’s visage. + +—Cry you mercy, gentlemen, he said humbly. An you be the king’s +messengers (God shield His Majesty!) you shall not want for aught. The +king’s friends (God bless His Majesty!) shall not go afasting in my +house I warrant me. + +—Then about! cried the traveller who had not spoken, a lusty +trencherman by his aspect. Hast aught to give us? + +Mine host bowed again as he made answer: + +—What say you, good masters, to a squab pigeon pasty, some collops of +venison, a saddle of veal, widgeon with crisp hog’s bacon, a boar’s +head with pistachios, a bason of jolly custard, a medlar tansy and a +flagon of old Rhenish? + +—Gadzooks! cried the last speaker. That likes me well. Pistachios! + +—Aha! cried he of the pleasant countenance. A poor house and a bare +larder, quotha! ’Tis a merry rogue. + +So in comes Martin asking where was Bloom. + +—Where is he? says Lenehan. Defrauding widows and orphans. + +—Isn’t that a fact, says John Wyse, what I was telling the citizen +about Bloom and the Sinn Fein? + +—That’s so, says Martin. Or so they allege. + +—Who made those allegations? says Alf. + +—I, says Joe. I’m the alligator. + +—And after all, says John Wyse, why can’t a jew love his country like +the next fellow? + +—Why not? says J. J., when he’s quite sure which country it is. + +—Is he a jew or a gentile or a holy Roman or a swaddler or what the +hell is he? says Ned. Or who is he? No offence, Crofton. + +—Who is Junius? says J. J. + +—We don’t want him, says Crofter the Orangeman or presbyterian. + +—He’s a perverted jew, says Martin, from a place in Hungary and it was +he drew up all the plans according to the Hungarian system. We know +that in the castle. + +—Isn’t he a cousin of Bloom the dentist? says Jack Power. + +—Not at all, says Martin. Only namesakes. His name was Virag, the +father’s name that poisoned himself. He changed it by deedpoll, the +father did. + +—That’s the new Messiah for Ireland! says the citizen. Island of saints +and sages! + +—Well, they’re still waiting for their redeemer, says Martin. For that +matter so are we. + +—Yes, says J. J., and every male that’s born they think it may be their +Messiah. And every jew is in a tall state of excitement, I believe, +till he knows if he’s a father or a mother. + +—Expecting every moment will be his next, says Lenehan. + +—O, by God, says Ned, you should have seen Bloom before that son of his +that died was born. I met him one day in the south city markets buying +a tin of Neave’s food six weeks before the wife was delivered. + +—_En ventre sa mère_, says J. J. + +—Do you call that a man? says the citizen. + +—I wonder did he ever put it out of sight, says Joe. + +—Well, there were two children born anyhow, says Jack Power. + +—And who does he suspect? says the citizen. + +Gob, there’s many a true word spoken in jest. One of those mixed +middlings he is. Lying up in the hotel Pisser was telling me once a +month with headache like a totty with her courses. Do you know what I’m +telling you? It’d be an act of God to take a hold of a fellow the like +of that and throw him in the bloody sea. Justifiable homicide, so it +would. Then sloping off with his five quid without putting up a pint of +stuff like a man. Give us your blessing. Not as much as would blind +your eye. + +—Charity to the neighbour, says Martin. But where is he? We can’t wait. + +—A wolf in sheep’s clothing, says the citizen. That’s what he is. Virag +from Hungary! Ahasuerus I call him. Cursed by God. + +—Have you time for a brief libation, Martin? says Ned. + +—Only one, says Martin. We must be quick. J. J. and S. + +—You, Jack? Crofton? Three half ones, Terry. + +—Saint Patrick would want to land again at Ballykinlar and convert us, +says the citizen, after allowing things like that to contaminate our +shores. + +—Well, says Martin, rapping for his glass. God bless all here is my +prayer. + +—Amen, says the citizen. + +—And I’m sure He will, says Joe. + +And at the sound of the sacring bell, headed by a crucifer with +acolytes, thurifers, boatbearers, readers, ostiarii, deacons and +subdeacons, the blessed company drew nigh of mitred abbots and priors +and guardians and monks and friars: the monks of Benedict of Spoleto, +Carthusians and Camaldolesi, Cistercians and Olivetans, Oratorians and +Vallombrosans, and the friars of Augustine, Brigittines, +Premonstratensians, Servi, Trinitarians, and the children of Peter +Nolasco: and therewith from Carmel mount the children of Elijah prophet +led by Albert bishop and by Teresa of Avila, calced and other: and +friars, brown and grey, sons of poor Francis, capuchins, cordeliers, +minimes and observants and the daughters of Clara: and the sons of +Dominic, the friars preachers, and the sons of Vincent: and the monks +of S. Wolstan: and Ignatius his children: and the confraternity of the +christian brothers led by the reverend brother Edmund Ignatius Rice. +And after came all saints and martyrs, virgins and confessors: S. Cyr +and S. Isidore Arator and S. James the Less and S. Phocas of Sinope and +S. Julian Hospitator and S. Felix de Cantalice and S. Simon Stylites +and S. Stephen Protomartyr and S. John of God and S. Ferreol and S. +Leugarde and S. Theodotus and S. Vulmar and S. Richard and S. Vincent +de Paul and S. Martin of Todi and S. Martin of Tours and S. Alfred and +S. Joseph and S. Denis and S. Cornelius and S. Leopold and S. Bernard +and S. Terence and S. Edward and S. Owen Caniculus and S. Anonymous and +S. Eponymous and S. Pseudonymous and S. Homonymous and S. Paronymous +and S. Synonymous and S. Laurence O’Toole and S. James of Dingle and +Compostella and S. Columcille and S. Columba and S. Celestine and S. +Colman and S. Kevin and S. Brendan and S. Frigidian and S. Senan and S. +Fachtna and S. Columbanus and S. Gall and S. Fursey and S. Fintan and +S. Fiacre and S. John Nepomuc and S. Thomas Aquinas and S. Ives of +Brittany and S. Michan and S. Herman-Joseph and the three patrons of +holy youth S. Aloysius Gonzaga and S. Stanislaus Kostka and S. John +Berchmans and the saints Gervasius, Servasius and Bonifacius and S. +Bride and S. Kieran and S. Canice of Kilkenny and S. Jarlath of Tuam +and S. Finbarr and S. Pappin of Ballymun and Brother Aloysius Pacificus +and Brother Louis Bellicosus and the saints Rose of Lima and of Viterbo +and S. Martha of Bethany and S. Mary of Egypt and S. Lucy and S. Brigid +and S. Attracta and S. Dympna and S. Ita and S. Marion Calpensis and +the Blessed Sister Teresa of the Child Jesus and S. Barbara and S. +Scholastica and S. Ursula with eleven thousand virgins. And all came +with nimbi and aureoles and gloriae, bearing palms and harps and swords +and olive crowns, in robes whereon were woven the blessed symbols of +their efficacies, inkhorns, arrows, loaves, cruses, fetters, axes, +trees, bridges, babes in a bathtub, shells, wallets, shears, keys, +dragons, lilies, buckshot, beards, hogs, lamps, bellows, beehives, +soupladles, stars, snakes, anvils, boxes of vaseline, bells, crutches, +forceps, stags’ horns, watertight boots, hawks, millstones, eyes on a +dish, wax candles, aspergills, unicorns. And as they wended their way +by Nelson’s Pillar, Henry street, Mary street, Capel street, Little +Britain street chanting the introit in _Epiphania Domini_ which +beginneth _Surge, illuminare_ and thereafter most sweetly the gradual +_Omnes_ which saith _de Saba venient_ they did divers wonders such as +casting out devils, raising the dead to life, multiplying fishes, +healing the halt and the blind, discovering various articles which had +been mislaid, interpreting and fulfilling the scriptures, blessing and +prophesying. And last, beneath a canopy of cloth of gold came the +reverend Father O’Flynn attended by Malachi and Patrick. And when the +good fathers had reached the appointed place, the house of Bernard +Kiernan and Co, limited, 8, 9 and 10 little Britain street, wholesale +grocers, wine and brandy shippers, licensed for the sale of beer, wine +and spirits for consumption on the premises, the celebrant blessed the +house and censed the mullioned windows and the groynes and the vaults +and the arrises and the capitals and the pediments and the cornices and +the engrailed arches and the spires and the cupolas and sprinkled the +lintels thereof with blessed water and prayed that God might bless that +house as he had blessed the house of Abraham and Isaac and Jacob and +make the angels of His light to inhabit therein. And entering he +blessed the viands and the beverages and the company of all the blessed +answered his prayers. + +—_Adiutorium nostrum in nomine Domini._ + +—_Qui fecit cœlum et terram._ + +—_Dominus vobiscum._ + +—_Et cum spiritu tuo._ + +And he laid his hands upon that he blessed and gave thanks and he +prayed and they all with him prayed: + +—_Deus, cuius verbo sanctificantur omnia, benedictionem tuam effunde +super creaturas istas: et praesta ut quisquis eis secundum legem et +voluntatem Tuam cum gratiarum actione usus fuerit per invocationem +sanctissimi nominis Tui corporis sanitatem et animæ tutelam Te auctore +percipiat per Christum Dominum nostrum._ + +—And so say all of us, says Jack. + +—Thousand a year, Lambert, says Crofton or Crawford. + +—Right, says Ned, taking up his John Jameson. And butter for fish. + +I was just looking around to see who the happy thought would strike +when be damned but in he comes again letting on to be in a hell of a +hurry. + +—I was just round at the courthouse, says he, looking for you. I hope +I’m not... + +—No, says Martin, we’re ready. + +Courthouse my eye and your pockets hanging down with gold and silver. +Mean bloody scut. Stand us a drink itself. Devil a sweet fear! There’s +a jew for you! All for number one. Cute as a shithouse rat. Hundred to +five. + +—Don’t tell anyone, says the citizen. + +—Beg your pardon, says he. + +—Come on boys, says Martin, seeing it was looking blue. Come along now. + +—Don’t tell anyone, says the citizen, letting a bawl out of him. It’s a +secret. + +And the bloody dog woke up and let a growl. + +—Bye bye all, says Martin. + +And he got them out as quick as he could, Jack Power and Crofton or +whatever you call him and him in the middle of them letting on to be +all at sea and up with them on the bloody jaunting car. + +—Off with you, says Martin to the jarvey. + +The milkwhite dolphin tossed his mane and, rising in the golden poop +the helmsman spread the bellying sail upon the wind and stood off +forward with all sail set, the spinnaker to larboard. A many comely +nymphs drew nigh to starboard and to larboard and, clinging to the +sides of the noble bark, they linked their shining forms as doth the +cunning wheelwright when he fashions about the heart of his wheel the +equidistant rays whereof each one is sister to another and he binds +them all with an outer ring and giveth speed to the feet of men whenas +they ride to a hosting or contend for the smile of ladies fair. Even so +did they come and set them, those willing nymphs, the undying sisters. +And they laughed, sporting in a circle of their foam: and the bark +clave the waves. + +But begob I was just lowering the heel of the pint when I saw the +citizen getting up to waddle to the door, puffing and blowing with the +dropsy, and he cursing the curse of Cromwell on him, bell, book and +candle in Irish, spitting and spatting out of him and Joe and little +Alf round him like a leprechaun trying to peacify him. + +—Let me alone, says he. + +And begob he got as far as the door and they holding him and he bawls +out of him: + +—Three cheers for Israel! + +Arrah, sit down on the parliamentary side of your arse for Christ’ sake +and don’t be making a public exhibition of yourself. Jesus, there’s +always some bloody clown or other kicking up a bloody murder about +bloody nothing. Gob, it’d turn the porter sour in your guts, so it +would. + +And all the ragamuffins and sluts of the nation round the door and +Martin telling the jarvey to drive ahead and the citizen bawling and +Alf and Joe at him to whisht and he on his high horse about the jews +and the loafers calling for a speech and Jack Power trying to get him +to sit down on the car and hold his bloody jaw and a loafer with a +patch over his eye starts singing _If the man in the moon was a jew, +jew, jew_ and a slut shouts out of her: + +—Eh, mister! Your fly is open, mister! + +And says he: + +—Mendelssohn was a jew and Karl Marx and Mercadante and Spinoza. And +the Saviour was a jew and his father was a jew. Your God. + +—He had no father, says Martin. That’ll do now. Drive ahead. + +—Whose God? says the citizen. + +—Well, his uncle was a jew, says he. Your God was a jew. Christ was a +jew like me. + +Gob, the citizen made a plunge back into the shop. + +—By Jesus, says he, I’ll brain that bloody jewman for using the holy +name. By Jesus, I’ll crucify him so I will. Give us that biscuitbox here. + +—Stop! Stop! says Joe. + +A large and appreciative gathering of friends and acquaintances from +the metropolis and greater Dublin assembled in their thousands to bid +farewell to Nagyaságos uram Lipóti Virag, late of Messrs Alexander +Thom’s, printers to His Majesty, on the occasion of his departure for +the distant clime of Százharminczbrojúgulyás-Dugulás (Meadow of +Murmuring Waters). The ceremony which went off with great _éclat_ was +characterised by the most affecting cordiality. An illuminated scroll +of ancient Irish vellum, the work of Irish artists, was presented to +the distinguished phenomenologist on behalf of a large section of the +community and was accompanied by the gift of a silver casket, +tastefully executed in the style of ancient Celtic ornament, a work +which reflects every credit on the makers, Messrs Jacob _agus_ Jacob. +The departing guest was the recipient of a hearty ovation, many of +those who were present being visibly moved when the select orchestra of +Irish pipes struck up the wellknown strains of _Come Back to Erin_, +followed immediately by _Rakóczsy’s March_. Tarbarrels and bonfires +were lighted along the coastline of the four seas on the summits of the +Hill of Howth, Three Rock Mountain, Sugarloaf, Bray Head, the mountains +of Mourne, the Galtees, the Ox and Donegal and Sperrin peaks, the +Nagles and the Bograghs, the Connemara hills, the reeks of +M’Gillicuddy, Slieve Aughty, Slieve Bernagh and Slieve Bloom. Amid +cheers that rent the welkin, responded to by answering cheers from a +big muster of henchmen on the distant Cambrian and Caledonian hills, +the mastodontic pleasureship slowly moved away saluted by a final +floral tribute from the representatives of the fair sex who were +present in large numbers while, as it proceeded down the river, +escorted by a flotilla of barges, the flags of the Ballast office and +Custom House were dipped in salute as were also those of the electrical +power station at the Pigeonhouse and the Poolbeg Light. +_Visszontlátásra, kedvés barátom! Visszontlátásra!_ Gone but not +forgotten. + +Gob, the devil wouldn’t stop him till he got hold of the bloody tin +anyhow and out with him and little Alf hanging on to his elbow and he +shouting like a stuck pig, as good as any bloody play in the Queen’s +royal theatre: + +—Where is he till I murder him? + +And Ned and J. J. paralysed with the laughing. + +—Bloody wars, says I, I’ll be in for the last gospel. + +But as luck would have it the jarvey got the nag’s head round the other +way and off with him. + +—Hold on, citizen, says Joe. Stop! + +Begob he drew his hand and made a swipe and let fly. Mercy of God the +sun was in his eyes or he’d have left him for dead. Gob, he near sent +it into the county Longford. The bloody nag took fright and the old +mongrel after the car like bloody hell and all the populace shouting +and laughing and the old tinbox clattering along the street. + +The catastrophe was terrific and instantaneous in its effect. The +observatory of Dunsink registered in all eleven shocks, all of the +fifth grade of Mercalli’s scale, and there is no record extant of a +similar seismic disturbance in our island since the earthquake of 1534, +the year of the rebellion of Silken Thomas. The epicentre appears to +have been that part of the metropolis which constitutes the Inn’s Quay +ward and parish of Saint Michan covering a surface of fortyone acres, +two roods and one square pole or perch. All the lordly residences in +the vicinity of the palace of justice were demolished and that noble +edifice itself, in which at the time of the catastrophe important legal +debates were in progress, is literally a mass of ruins beneath which it +is to be feared all the occupants have been buried alive. From the +reports of eyewitnesses it transpires that the seismic waves were +accompanied by a violent atmospheric perturbation of cyclonic +character. An article of headgear since ascertained to belong to the +much respected clerk of the crown and peace Mr George Fottrell and a +silk umbrella with gold handle with the engraved initials, crest, coat +of arms and house number of the erudite and worshipful chairman of +quarter sessions sir Frederick Falkiner, recorder of Dublin, have been +discovered by search parties in remote parts of the island +respectively, the former on the third basaltic ridge of the giant’s +causeway, the latter embedded to the extent of one foot three inches in +the sandy beach of Holeopen bay near the old head of Kinsale. Other +eyewitnesses depose that they observed an incandescent object of +enormous proportions hurtling through the atmosphere at a terrifying +velocity in a trajectory directed southwest by west. Messages of +condolence and sympathy are being hourly received from all parts of the +different continents and the sovereign pontiff has been graciously +pleased to decree that a special _missa pro defunctis_ shall be +celebrated simultaneously by the ordinaries of each and every cathedral +church of all the episcopal dioceses subject to the spiritual authority +of the Holy See in suffrage of the souls of those faithful departed who +have been so unexpectedly called away from our midst. The work of +salvage, removal of _débris,_ human remains etc has been entrusted to +Messrs Michael Meade and Son, 159 Great Brunswick street, and Messrs T. +and C. Martin, 77, 78, 79 and 80 North Wall, assisted by the men and +officers of the Duke of Cornwall’s light infantry under the general +supervision of H. R. H., rear admiral, the right honourable sir +Hercules Hannibal Habeas Corpus Anderson, K. G., K. P., K. T., P. C., +K. C. B., M. P., J. P., M. B., D. S. O., S. O. D., M. F. H., M. R. I. +A., B. L., Mus. Doc., P. L. G., F. T. C. D., F. R. U. I., F. R. C. P. +I. and F. R. C. S. I. + +You never saw the like of it in all your born puff. Gob, if he got that +lottery ticket on the side of his poll he’d remember the gold cup, he +would so, but begob the citizen would have been lagged for assault and +battery and Joe for aiding and abetting. The jarvey saved his life by +furious driving as sure as God made Moses. What? O, Jesus, he did. And +he let a volley of oaths after him. + +—Did I kill him, says he, or what? + +And he shouting to the bloody dog: + +—After him, Garry! After him, boy! + +And the last we saw was the bloody car rounding the corner and old +sheepsface on it gesticulating and the bloody mongrel after it with his +lugs back for all he was bloody well worth to tear him limb from limb. +Hundred to five! Jesus, he took the value of it out of him, I promise +you. + +When, lo, there came about them all a great brightness and they beheld +the chariot wherein He stood ascend to heaven. And they beheld Him in +the chariot, clothed upon in the glory of the brightness, having +raiment as of the sun, fair as the moon and terrible that for awe they +durst not look upon Him. And there came a voice out of heaven, calling: +_Elijah! Elijah!_ And He answered with a main cry: _Abba! Adonai!_ And +they beheld Him even Him, ben Bloom Elijah, amid clouds of angels +ascend to the glory of the brightness at an angle of fortyfive degrees +over Donohoe’s in Little Green street like a shot off a shovel. + + + + +[ 13 ] + + +The summer evening had begun to fold the world in its mysterious +embrace. Far away in the west the sun was setting and the last glow of +all too fleeting day lingered lovingly on sea and strand, on the proud +promontory of dear old Howth guarding as ever the waters of the bay, on +the weedgrown rocks along Sandymount shore and, last but not least, on +the quiet church whence there streamed forth at times upon the +stillness the voice of prayer to her who is in her pure radiance a +beacon ever to the stormtossed heart of man, Mary, star of the sea. + +The three girl friends were seated on the rocks, enjoying the evening +scene and the air which was fresh but not too chilly. Many a time and +oft were they wont to come there to that favourite nook to have a cosy +chat beside the sparkling waves and discuss matters feminine, Cissy +Caffrey and Edy Boardman with the baby in the pushcar and Tommy and +Jacky Caffrey, two little curlyheaded boys, dressed in sailor suits +with caps to match and the name _H. M. S. Belleisle_ printed on both. +For Tommy and Jacky Caffrey were twins, scarce four years old and very +noisy and spoiled twins sometimes but for all that darling little +fellows with bright merry faces and endearing ways about them. They +were dabbling in the sand with their spades and buckets, building +castles as children do, or playing with their big coloured ball, happy +as the day was long. And Edy Boardman was rocking the chubby baby to +and fro in the pushcar while that young gentleman fairly chuckled with +delight. He was but eleven months and nine days old and, though still a +tiny toddler, was just beginning to lisp his first babyish words. Cissy +Caffrey bent over to him to tease his fat little plucks and the dainty +dimple in his chin. + +—Now, baby, Cissy Caffrey said. Say out big, big. I want a drink of +water. + +And baby prattled after her: + +—A jink a jink a jawbo. + +Cissy Caffrey cuddled the wee chap for she was awfully fond of +children, so patient with little sufferers and Tommy Caffrey could +never be got to take his castor oil unless it was Cissy Caffrey that +held his nose and promised him the scatty heel of the loaf or brown +bread with golden syrup on. What a persuasive power that girl had! But +to be sure baby Boardman was as good as gold, a perfect little dote in +his new fancy bib. None of your spoilt beauties, Flora MacFlimsy sort, +was Cissy Caffrey. A truerhearted lass never drew the breath of life, +always with a laugh in her gipsylike eyes and a frolicsome word on her +cherryripe red lips, a girl lovable in the extreme. And Edy Boardman +laughed too at the quaint language of little brother. + +But just then there was a slight altercation between Master Tommy and +Master Jacky. Boys will be boys and our two twins were no exception to +this golden rule. The apple of discord was a certain castle of sand +which Master Jacky had built and Master Tommy would have it right go +wrong that it was to be architecturally improved by a frontdoor like +the Martello tower had. But if Master Tommy was headstrong Master Jacky +was selfwilled too and, true to the maxim that every little Irishman’s +house is his castle, he fell upon his hated rival and to such purpose +that the wouldbe assailant came to grief and (alas to relate!) the +coveted castle too. Needless to say the cries of discomfited Master +Tommy drew the attention of the girl friends. + +—Come here, Tommy, his sister called imperatively. At once! And you, +Jacky, for shame to throw poor Tommy in the dirty sand. Wait till I +catch you for that. + +His eyes misty with unshed tears Master Tommy came at her call for +their big sister’s word was law with the twins. And in a sad plight he +was too after his misadventure. His little man-o’-war top and +unmentionables were full of sand but Cissy was a past mistress in the +art of smoothing over life’s tiny troubles and very quickly not one +speck of sand was to be seen on his smart little suit. Still the blue +eyes were glistening with hot tears that would well up so she kissed +away the hurtness and shook her hand at Master Jacky the culprit and +said if she was near him she wouldn’t be far from him, her eyes dancing +in admonition. + +—Nasty bold Jacky! she cried. + +She put an arm round the little mariner and coaxed winningly: + +—What’s your name? Butter and cream? + +—Tell us who is your sweetheart, spoke Edy Boardman. Is Cissy your +sweetheart? + +—Nao, tearful Tommy said. + +—Is Edy Boardman your sweetheart? Cissy queried. + +—Nao, Tommy said. + +—I know, Edy Boardman said none too amiably with an arch glance from +her shortsighted eyes. I know who is Tommy’s sweetheart. Gerty is +Tommy’s sweetheart. + +—Nao, Tommy said on the verge of tears. + +Cissy’s quick motherwit guessed what was amiss and she whispered to Edy +Boardman to take him there behind the pushcar where the gentleman +couldn’t see and to mind he didn’t wet his new tan shoes. + +But who was Gerty? + +Gerty MacDowell who was seated near her companions, lost in thought, +gazing far away into the distance was, in very truth, as fair a +specimen of winsome Irish girlhood as one could wish to see. She was +pronounced beautiful by all who knew her though, as folks often said, +she was more a Giltrap than a MacDowell. Her figure was slight and +graceful, inclining even to fragility but those iron jelloids she had +been taking of late had done her a world of good much better than the +Widow Welch’s female pills and she was much better of those discharges +she used to get and that tired feeling. The waxen pallor of her face +was almost spiritual in its ivorylike purity though her rosebud mouth +was a genuine Cupid’s bow, Greekly perfect. Her hands were of finely +veined alabaster with tapering fingers and as white as lemonjuice and +queen of ointments could make them though it was not true that she used +to wear kid gloves in bed or take a milk footbath either. Bertha Supple +told that once to Edy Boardman, a deliberate lie, when she was black +out at daggers drawn with Gerty (the girl chums had of course their +little tiffs from time to time like the rest of mortals) and she told +her not to let on whatever she did that it was her that told her or +she’d never speak to her again. No. Honour where honour is due. There +was an innate refinement, a languid queenly _hauteur_ about Gerty which +was unmistakably evidenced in her delicate hands and higharched instep. +Had kind fate but willed her to be born a gentlewoman of high degree in +her own right and had she only received the benefit of a good education +Gerty MacDowell might easily have held her own beside any lady in the +land and have seen herself exquisitely gowned with jewels on her brow +and patrician suitors at her feet vying with one another to pay their +devoirs to her. Mayhap it was this, the love that might have been, that +lent to her softlyfeatured face at whiles a look, tense with suppressed +meaning, that imparted a strange yearning tendency to the beautiful +eyes, a charm few could resist. Why have women such eyes of witchery? +Gerty’s were of the bluest Irish blue, set off by lustrous lashes and +dark expressive brows. Time was when those brows were not so silkily +seductive. It was Madame Vera Verity, directress of the Woman Beautiful +page of the Princess Novelette, who had first advised her to try +eyebrowleine which gave that haunting expression to the eyes, so +becoming in leaders of fashion, and she had never regretted it. Then +there was blushing scientifically cured and how to be tall increase +your height and you have a beautiful face but your nose? That would +suit Mrs Dignam because she had a button one. But Gerty’s crowning +glory was her wealth of wonderful hair. It was dark brown with a +natural wave in it. She had cut it that very morning on account of the +new moon and it nestled about her pretty head in a profusion of +luxuriant clusters and pared her nails too, Thursday for wealth. And +just now at Edy’s words as a telltale flush, delicate as the faintest +rosebloom, crept into her cheeks she looked so lovely in her sweet +girlish shyness that of a surety God’s fair land of Ireland did not +hold her equal. + +For an instant she was silent with rather sad downcast eyes. She was +about to retort but something checked the words on her tongue. +Inclination prompted her to speak out: dignity told her to be silent. +The pretty lips pouted awhile but then she glanced up and broke out +into a joyous little laugh which had in it all the freshness of a young +May morning. She knew right well, no-one better, what made squinty Edy +say that because of him cooling in his attentions when it was simply a +lovers’ quarrel. As per usual somebody’s nose was out of joint about +the boy that had the bicycle off the London bridge road always riding +up and down in front of her window. Only now his father kept him in in +the evenings studying hard to get an exhibition in the intermediate +that was on and he was going to go to Trinity college to study for a +doctor when he left the high school like his brother W. E. Wylie who +was racing in the bicycle races in Trinity college university. Little +recked he perhaps for what she felt, that dull aching void in her heart +sometimes, piercing to the core. Yet he was young and perchance he +might learn to love her in time. They were protestants in his family +and of course Gerty knew Who came first and after Him the Blessed +Virgin and then Saint Joseph. But he was undeniably handsome with an +exquisite nose and he was what he looked, every inch a gentleman, the +shape of his head too at the back without his cap on that she would +know anywhere something off the common and the way he turned the +bicycle at the lamp with his hands off the bars and also the nice +perfume of those good cigarettes and besides they were both of a size +too he and she and that was why Edy Boardman thought she was so +frightfully clever because he didn’t go and ride up and down in front +of her bit of a garden. + +Gerty was dressed simply but with the instinctive taste of a votary of +Dame Fashion for she felt that there was just a might that he might be +out. A neat blouse of electric blue selftinted by dolly dyes (because +it was expected in the _Lady’s Pictorial_ that electric blue would be +worn) with a smart vee opening down to the division and kerchief pocket +(in which she always kept a piece of cottonwool scented with her +favourite perfume because the handkerchief spoiled the sit) and a navy +threequarter skirt cut to the stride showed off her slim graceful +figure to perfection. She wore a coquettish little love of a hat of +wideleaved nigger straw contrast trimmed with an underbrim of eggblue +chenille and at the side a butterfly bow of silk to tone. All Tuesday +week afternoon she was hunting to match that chenille but at last she +found what she wanted at Clery’s summer sales, the very it, slightly +shopsoiled but you would never notice, seven fingers two and a penny. +She did it up all by herself and what joy was hers when she tried it on +then, smiling at the lovely reflection which the mirror gave back to +her! And when she put it on the waterjug to keep the shape she knew +that that would take the shine out of some people she knew. Her shoes +were the newest thing in footwear (Edy Boardman prided herself that she +was very _petite_ but she never had a foot like Gerty MacDowell, a +five, and never would ash, oak or elm) with patent toecaps and just one +smart buckle over her higharched instep. Her wellturned ankle displayed +its perfect proportions beneath her skirt and just the proper amount +and no more of her shapely limbs encased in finespun hose with +highspliced heels and wide garter tops. As for undies they were Gerty’s +chief care and who that knows the fluttering hopes and fears of sweet +seventeen (though Gerty would never see seventeen again) can find it in +his heart to blame her? She had four dinky sets with awfully pretty +stitchery, three garments and nighties extra, and each set slotted with +different coloured ribbons, rosepink, pale blue, mauve and peagreen, +and she aired them herself and blued them when they came home from the +wash and ironed them and she had a brickbat to keep the iron on because +she wouldn’t trust those washerwomen as far as she’d see them scorching +the things. She was wearing the blue for luck, hoping against hope, her +own colour and lucky too for a bride to have a bit of blue somewhere on +her because the green she wore that day week brought grief because his +father brought him in to study for the intermediate exhibition and +because she thought perhaps he might be out because when she was +dressing that morning she nearly slipped up the old pair on her inside +out and that was for luck and lovers’ meeting if you put those things +on inside out or if they got untied that he was thinking about you so +long as it wasn’t of a Friday. + +And yet and yet! That strained look on her face! A gnawing sorrow is +there all the time. Her very soul is in her eyes and she would give +worlds to be in the privacy of her own familiar chamber where, giving +way to tears, she could have a good cry and relieve her pentup feelings +though not too much because she knew how to cry nicely before the +mirror. You are lovely, Gerty, it said. The paly light of evening falls +upon a face infinitely sad and wistful. Gerty MacDowell yearns in vain. +Yes, she had known from the very first that her daydream of a marriage +has been arranged and the weddingbells ringing for Mrs Reggy Wylie T. +C. D. (because the one who married the elder brother would be Mrs +Wylie) and in the fashionable intelligence Mrs Gertrude Wylie was +wearing a sumptuous confection of grey trimmed with expensive blue fox +was not to be. He was too young to understand. He would not believe in +love, a woman’s birthright. The night of the party long ago in Stoer’s +(he was still in short trousers) when they were alone and he stole an +arm round her waist she went white to the very lips. He called her +little one in a strangely husky voice and snatched a half kiss (the +first!) but it was only the end of her nose and then he hastened from +the room with a remark about refreshments. Impetuous fellow! Strength +of character had never been Reggy Wylie’s strong point and he who would +woo and win Gerty MacDowell must be a man among men. But waiting, +always waiting to be asked and it was leap year too and would soon be +over. No prince charming is her beau ideal to lay a rare and wondrous +love at her feet but rather a manly man with a strong quiet face who +had not found his ideal, perhaps his hair slightly flecked with grey, +and who would understand, take her in his sheltering arms, strain her +to him in all the strength of his deep passionate nature and comfort +her with a long long kiss. It would be like heaven. For such a one she +yearns this balmy summer eve. With all the heart of her she longs to be +his only, his affianced bride for riches for poor, in sickness in +health, till death us two part, from this to this day forward. + +And while Edy Boardman was with little Tommy behind the pushcar she was +just thinking would the day ever come when she could call herself his +little wife to be. Then they could talk about her till they went blue +in the face, Bertha Supple too, and Edy, little spitfire, because she +would be twentytwo in November. She would care for him with creature +comforts too for Gerty was womanly wise and knew that a mere man liked +that feeling of hominess. Her griddlecakes done to a goldenbrown hue +and queen Ann’s pudding of delightful creaminess had won golden +opinions from all because she had a lucky hand also for lighting a +fire, dredge in the fine selfraising flour and always stir in the same +direction, then cream the milk and sugar and whisk well the white of +eggs though she didn’t like the eating part when there were any people +that made her shy and often she wondered why you couldn’t eat something +poetical like violets or roses and they would have a beautifully +appointed drawingroom with pictures and engravings and the photograph +of grandpapa Giltrap’s lovely dog Garryowen that almost talked it was +so human and chintz covers for the chairs and that silver toastrack in +Clery’s summer jumble sales like they have in rich houses. He would be +tall with broad shoulders (she had always admired tall men for a +husband) with glistening white teeth under his carefully trimmed +sweeping moustache and they would go on the continent for their +honeymoon (three wonderful weeks!) and then, when they settled down in +a nice snug and cosy little homely house, every morning they would both +have brekky, simple but perfectly served, for their own two selves and +before he went out to business he would give his dear little wifey a +good hearty hug and gaze for a moment deep down into her eyes. + +Edy Boardman asked Tommy Caffrey was he done and he said yes so then +she buttoned up his little knickerbockers for him and told him to run +off and play with Jacky and to be good now and not to fight. But Tommy +said he wanted the ball and Edy told him no that baby was playing with +the ball and if he took it there’d be wigs on the green but Tommy said +it was his ball and he wanted his ball and he pranced on the ground, if +you please. The temper of him! O, he was a man already was little Tommy +Caffrey since he was out of pinnies. Edy told him no, no and to be off +now with him and she told Cissy Caffrey not to give in to him. + +—You’re not my sister, naughty Tommy said. It’s my ball. + +But Cissy Caffrey told baby Boardman to look up, look up high at her +finger and she snatched the ball quickly and threw it along the sand +and Tommy after it in full career, having won the day. + +—Anything for a quiet life, laughed Ciss. + +And she tickled tiny tot’s two cheeks to make him forget and played +here’s the lord mayor, here’s his two horses, here’s his gingerbread +carriage and here he walks in, chinchopper, chinchopper, chinchopper +chin. But Edy got as cross as two sticks about him getting his own way +like that from everyone always petting him. + +—I’d like to give him something, she said, so I would, where I won’t +say. + +—On the beeoteetom, laughed Cissy merrily. + +Gerty MacDowell bent down her head and crimsoned at the idea of Cissy +saying an unladylike thing like that out loud she’d be ashamed of her +life to say, flushing a deep rosy red, and Edy Boardman said she was +sure the gentleman opposite heard what she said. But not a pin cared +Ciss. + +—Let him! she said with a pert toss of her head and a piquant tilt of +her nose. Give it to him too on the same place as quick as I’d look at +him. + +Madcap Ciss with her golliwog curls. You had to laugh at her sometimes. +For instance when she asked you would you have some more Chinese tea +and jaspberry ram and when she drew the jugs too and the men’s faces on +her nails with red ink make you split your sides or when she wanted to +go where you know she said she wanted to run and pay a visit to the +Miss White. That was just like Cissycums. O, and will you ever forget +her the evening she dressed up in her father’s suit and hat and the +burned cork moustache and walked down Tritonville road, smoking a +cigarette. There was none to come up to her for fun. But she was +sincerity itself, one of the bravest and truest hearts heaven ever +made, not one of your twofaced things, too sweet to be wholesome. + +And then there came out upon the air the sound of voices and the +pealing anthem of the organ. It was the men’s temperance retreat +conducted by the missioner, the reverend John Hughes S. J., rosary, +sermon and benediction of the Most Blessed Sacrament. They were there +gathered together without distinction of social class (and a most +edifying spectacle it was to see) in that simple fane beside the waves, +after the storms of this weary world, kneeling before the feet of the +immaculate, reciting the litany of Our Lady of Loreto, beseeching her +to intercede for them, the old familiar words, holy Mary, holy virgin +of virgins. How sad to poor Gerty’s ears! Had her father only avoided +the clutches of the demon drink, by taking the pledge or those powders +the drink habit cured in Pearson’s Weekly, she might now be rolling in +her carriage, second to none. Over and over had she told herself that +as she mused by the dying embers in a brown study without the lamp +because she hated two lights or oftentimes gazing out of the window +dreamily by the hour at the rain falling on the rusty bucket, thinking. +But that vile decoction which has ruined so many hearths and homes had +cast its shadow over her childhood days. Nay, she had even witnessed in +the home circle deeds of violence caused by intemperance and had seen +her own father, a prey to the fumes of intoxication, forget himself +completely for if there was one thing of all things that Gerty knew it +was that the man who lifts his hand to a woman save in the way of +kindness, deserves to be branded as the lowest of the low. + +And still the voices sang in supplication to the Virgin most powerful, +Virgin most merciful. And Gerty, rapt in thought, scarce saw or heard +her companions or the twins at their boyish gambols or the gentleman +off Sandymount green that Cissy Caffrey called the man that was so like +himself passing along the strand taking a short walk. You never saw him +any way screwed but still and for all that she would not like him for a +father because he was too old or something or on account of his face +(it was a palpable case of Doctor Fell) or his carbuncly nose with the +pimples on it and his sandy moustache a bit white under his nose. Poor +father! With all his faults she loved him still when he sang _Tell me, +Mary, how to woo thee_ or _My love and cottage near Rochelle_ and they +had stewed cockles and lettuce with Lazenby’s salad dressing for supper +and when he sang _The moon hath raised_ with Mr Dignam that died +suddenly and was buried, God have mercy on him, from a stroke. Her +mother’s birthday that was and Charley was home on his holidays and Tom +and Mr Dignam and Mrs and Patsy and Freddy Dignam and they were to have +had a group taken. No-one would have thought the end was so near. Now +he was laid to rest. And her mother said to him to let that be a +warning to him for the rest of his days and he couldn’t even go to the +funeral on account of the gout and she had to go into town to bring him +the letters and samples from his office about Catesby’s cork lino, +artistic, standard designs, fit for a palace, gives tiptop wear and +always bright and cheery in the home. + +A sterling good daughter was Gerty just like a second mother in the +house, a ministering angel too with a little heart worth its weight in +gold. And when her mother had those raging splitting headaches who was +it rubbed the menthol cone on her forehead but Gerty though she didn’t +like her mother’s taking pinches of snuff and that was the only single +thing they ever had words about, taking snuff. Everyone thought the +world of her for her gentle ways. It was Gerty who turned off the gas +at the main every night and it was Gerty who tacked up on the wall of +that place where she never forgot every fortnight the chlorate of lime +Mr Tunney the grocer’s christmas almanac, the picture of halcyon days +where a young gentleman in the costume they used to wear then with a +threecornered hat was offering a bunch of flowers to his ladylove with +oldtime chivalry through her lattice window. You could see there was a +story behind it. The colours were done something lovely. She was in a +soft clinging white in a studied attitude and the gentleman was in +chocolate and he looked a thorough aristocrat. She often looked at them +dreamily when she went there for a certain purpose and felt her own +arms that were white and soft just like hers with the sleeves back and +thought about those times because she had found out in Walker’s +pronouncing dictionary that belonged to grandpapa Giltrap about the +halcyon days what they meant. + +The twins were now playing in the most approved brotherly fashion till +at last Master Jacky who was really as bold as brass there was no +getting behind that deliberately kicked the ball as hard as ever he +could down towards the seaweedy rocks. Needless to say poor Tommy was +not slow to voice his dismay but luckily the gentleman in black who was +sitting there by himself came gallantly to the rescue and intercepted +the ball. Our two champions claimed their plaything with lusty cries +and to avoid trouble Cissy Caffrey called to the gentleman to throw it +to her please. The gentleman aimed the ball once or twice and then +threw it up the strand towards Cissy Caffrey but it rolled down the +slope and stopped right under Gerty’s skirt near the little pool by the +rock. The twins clamoured again for it and Cissy told her to kick it +away and let them fight for it so Gerty drew back her foot but she +wished their stupid ball hadn’t come rolling down to her and she gave a +kick but she missed and Edy and Cissy laughed. + +—If you fail try again, Edy Boardman said. + +Gerty smiled assent and bit her lip. A delicate pink crept into her +pretty cheek but she was determined to let them see so she just lifted +her skirt a little but just enough and took good aim and gave the ball +a jolly good kick and it went ever so far and the two twins after it +down towards the shingle. Pure jealousy of course it was nothing else +to draw attention on account of the gentleman opposite looking. She +felt the warm flush, a danger signal always with Gerty MacDowell, +surging and flaming into her cheeks. Till then they had only exchanged +glances of the most casual but now under the brim of her new hat she +ventured a look at him and the face that met her gaze there in the +twilight, wan and strangely drawn, seemed to her the saddest she had +ever seen. + +Through the open window of the church the fragrant incense was wafted +and with it the fragrant names of her who was conceived without stain +of original sin, spiritual vessel, pray for us, honourable vessel, pray +for us, vessel of singular devotion, pray for us, mystical rose. And +careworn hearts were there and toilers for their daily bread and many +who had erred and wandered, their eyes wet with contrition but for all +that bright with hope for the reverend father Father Hughes had told +them what the great saint Bernard said in his famous prayer of Mary, +the most pious Virgin’s intercessory power that it was not recorded in +any age that those who implored her powerful protection were ever +abandoned by her. + +The twins were now playing again right merrily for the troubles of +childhood are but as fleeting summer showers. Cissy Caffrey played with +baby Boardman till he crowed with glee, clapping baby hands in air. +Peep she cried behind the hood of the pushcar and Edy asked where was +Cissy gone and then Cissy popped up her head and cried ah! and, my +word, didn’t the little chap enjoy that! And then she told him to say +papa. + +—Say papa, baby. Say pa pa pa pa pa pa pa. + +And baby did his level best to say it for he was very intelligent for +eleven months everyone said and big for his age and the picture of +health, a perfect little bunch of love, and he would certainly turn out +to be something great, they said. + +—Haja ja ja haja. + +Cissy wiped his little mouth with the dribbling bib and wanted him to +sit up properly and say pa pa pa but when she undid the strap she cried +out, holy saint Denis, that he was possing wet and to double the half +blanket the other way under him. Of course his infant majesty was most +obstreperous at such toilet formalities and he let everyone know it: + +—Habaa baaaahabaaa baaaa. + +And two great big lovely big tears coursing down his cheeks. It was all +no use soothering him with no, nono, baby, no and telling him about the +geegee and where was the puffpuff but Ciss, always readywitted, gave +him in his mouth the teat of the suckingbottle and the young heathen +was quickly appeased. + +Gerty wished to goodness they would take their squalling baby home out +of that and not get on her nerves, no hour to be out, and the little +brats of twins. She gazed out towards the distant sea. It was like the +paintings that man used to do on the pavement with all the coloured +chalks and such a pity too leaving them there to be all blotted out, +the evening and the clouds coming out and the Bailey light on Howth and +to hear the music like that and the perfume of those incense they +burned in the church like a kind of waft. And while she gazed her heart +went pitapat. Yes, it was her he was looking at, and there was meaning +in his look. His eyes burned into her as though they would search her +through and through, read her very soul. Wonderful eyes they were, +superbly expressive, but could you trust them? People were so queer. +She could see at once by his dark eyes and his pale intellectual face +that he was a foreigner, the image of the photo she had of Martin +Harvey, the matinee idol, only for the moustache which she preferred +because she wasn’t stagestruck like Winny Rippingham that wanted they +two to always dress the same on account of a play but she could not see +whether he had an aquiline nose or a slightly _retroussé_ from where he +was sitting. He was in deep mourning, she could see that, and the story +of a haunting sorrow was written on his face. She would have given +worlds to know what it was. He was looking up so intently, so still, +and he saw her kick the ball and perhaps he could see the bright steel +buckles of her shoes if she swung them like that thoughtfully with the +toes down. She was glad that something told her to put on the +transparent stockings thinking Reggy Wylie might be out but that was +far away. Here was that of which she had so often dreamed. It was he +who mattered and there was joy on her face because she wanted him +because she felt instinctively that he was like no-one else. The very +heart of the girlwoman went out to him, her dreamhusband, because she +knew on the instant it was him. If he had suffered, more sinned against +than sinning, or even, even, if he had been himself a sinner, a wicked +man, she cared not. Even if he was a protestant or methodist she could +convert him easily if he truly loved her. There were wounds that wanted +healing with heartbalm. She was a womanly woman not like other flighty +girls unfeminine he had known, those cyclists showing off what they +hadn’t got and she just yearned to know all, to forgive all if she +could make him fall in love with her, make him forget the memory of the +past. Then mayhap he would embrace her gently, like a real man, +crushing her soft body to him, and love her, his ownest girlie, for +herself alone. + +Refuge of sinners. Comfortress of the afflicted. _Ora pro nobis_. Well +has it been said that whosoever prays to her with faith and constancy +can never be lost or cast away: and fitly is she too a haven of refuge +for the afflicted because of the seven dolours which transpierced her +own heart. Gerty could picture the whole scene in the church, the +stained glass windows lighted up, the candles, the flowers and the blue +banners of the blessed Virgin’s sodality and Father Conroy was helping +Canon O’Hanlon at the altar, carrying things in and out with his eyes +cast down. He looked almost a saint and his confessionbox was so quiet +and clean and dark and his hands were just like white wax and if ever +she became a Dominican nun in their white habit perhaps he might come +to the convent for the novena of Saint Dominic. He told her that time +when she told him about that in confession, crimsoning up to the roots +of her hair for fear he could see, not to be troubled because that was +only the voice of nature and we were all subject to nature’s laws, he +said, in this life and that that was no sin because that came from the +nature of woman instituted by God, he said, and that Our Blessed Lady +herself said to the archangel Gabriel be it done unto me according to +Thy Word. He was so kind and holy and often and often she thought and +thought could she work a ruched teacosy with embroidered floral design +for him as a present or a clock but they had a clock she noticed on the +mantelpiece white and gold with a canarybird that came out of a little +house to tell the time the day she went there about the flowers for the +forty hours’ adoration because it was hard to know what sort of a +present to give or perhaps an album of illuminated views of Dublin or +some place. + +The exasperating little brats of twins began to quarrel again and Jacky +threw the ball out towards the sea and they both ran after it. Little +monkeys common as ditchwater. Someone ought to take them and give them +a good hiding for themselves to keep them in their places, the both of +them. And Cissy and Edy shouted after them to come back because they +were afraid the tide might come in on them and be drowned. + +—Jacky! Tommy! + +Not they! What a great notion they had! So Cissy said it was the very +last time she’d ever bring them out. She jumped up and called them and +she ran down the slope past him, tossing her hair behind her which had +a good enough colour if there had been more of it but with all the +thingamerry she was always rubbing into it she couldn’t get it to grow +long because it wasn’t natural so she could just go and throw her hat +at it. She ran with long gandery strides it was a wonder she didn’t rip +up her skirt at the side that was too tight on her because there was a +lot of the tomboy about Cissy Caffrey and she was a forward piece +whenever she thought she had a good opportunity to show off and just +because she was a good runner she ran like that so that he could see +all the end of her petticoat running and her skinny shanks up as far as +possible. It would have served her just right if she had tripped up +over something accidentally on purpose with her high crooked French +heels on her to make her look tall and got a fine tumble. _Tableau!_ +That would have been a very charming exposé for a gentleman like that +to witness. + +Queen of angels, queen of patriarchs, queen of prophets, of all saints, +they prayed, queen of the most holy rosary and then Father Conroy +handed the thurible to Canon O’Hanlon and he put in the incense and +censed the Blessed Sacrament and Cissy Caffrey caught the two twins and +she was itching to give them a ringing good clip on the ear but she +didn’t because she thought he might be watching but she never made a +bigger mistake in all her life because Gerty could see without looking +that he never took his eyes off of her and then Canon O’Hanlon handed +the thurible back to Father Conroy and knelt down looking up at the +Blessed Sacrament and the choir began to sing the _Tantum ergo_ and she +just swung her foot in and out in time as the music rose and fell to +the _Tantumer gosa cramen tum_. Three and eleven she paid for those +stockings in Sparrow’s of George’s street on the Tuesday, no the Monday +before Easter and there wasn’t a brack on them and that was what he was +looking at, transparent, and not at her insignificant ones that had +neither shape nor form (the cheek of her!) because he had eyes in his +head to see the difference for himself. + +Cissy came up along the strand with the two twins and their ball with +her hat anyhow on her to one side after her run and she did look a +streel tugging the two kids along with the flimsy blouse she bought +only a fortnight before like a rag on her back and a bit of her +petticoat hanging like a caricature. Gerty just took off her hat for a +moment to settle her hair and a prettier, a daintier head of nutbrown +tresses was never seen on a girl’s shoulders—a radiant little vision, +in sooth, almost maddening in its sweetness. You would have to travel +many a long mile before you found a head of hair the like of that. She +could almost see the swift answering flash of admiration in his eyes +that set her tingling in every nerve. She put on her hat so that she +could see from underneath the brim and swung her buckled shoe faster +for her breath caught as she caught the expression in his eyes. He was +eying her as a snake eyes its prey. Her woman’s instinct told her that +she had raised the devil in him and at the thought a burning scarlet +swept from throat to brow till the lovely colour of her face became a +glorious rose. + +Edy Boardman was noticing it too because she was squinting at Gerty, +half smiling, with her specs like an old maid, pretending to nurse the +baby. Irritable little gnat she was and always would be and that was +why no-one could get on with her poking her nose into what was no +concern of hers. And she said to Gerty: + +—A penny for your thoughts. + +—What? replied Gerty with a smile reinforced by the whitest of teeth. I +was only wondering was it late. + +Because she wished to goodness they’d take the snottynosed twins and +their babby home to the mischief out of that so that was why she just +gave a gentle hint about its being late. And when Cissy came up Edy +asked her the time and Miss Cissy, as glib as you like, said it was +half past kissing time, time to kiss again. But Edy wanted to know +because they were told to be in early. + +—Wait, said Cissy, I’ll run ask my uncle Peter over there what’s the +time by his conundrum. + +So over she went and when he saw her coming she could see him take his +hand out of his pocket, getting nervous, and beginning to play with his +watchchain, looking up at the church. Passionate nature though he was +Gerty could see that he had enormous control over himself. One moment +he had been there, fascinated by a loveliness that made him gaze, and +the next moment it was the quiet gravefaced gentleman, selfcontrol +expressed in every line of his distinguishedlooking figure. + +Cissy said to excuse her would he mind please telling her what was the +right time and Gerty could see him taking out his watch, listening to +it and looking up and clearing his throat and he said he was very sorry +his watch was stopped but he thought it must be after eight because the +sun was set. His voice had a cultured ring in it and though he spoke in +measured accents there was a suspicion of a quiver in the mellow tones. +Cissy said thanks and came back with her tongue out and said uncle said +his waterworks were out of order. + +Then they sang the second verse of the _Tantum ergo_ and Canon O’Hanlon +got up again and censed the Blessed Sacrament and knelt down and he +told Father Conroy that one of the candles was just going to set fire +to the flowers and Father Conroy got up and settled it all right and +she could see the gentleman winding his watch and listening to the +works and she swung her leg more in and out in time. It was getting +darker but he could see and he was looking all the time that he was +winding the watch or whatever he was doing to it and then he put it +back and put his hands back into his pockets. She felt a kind of a +sensation rushing all over her and she knew by the feel of her scalp +and that irritation against her stays that that thing must be coming on +because the last time too was when she clipped her hair on account of +the moon. His dark eyes fixed themselves on her again drinking in her +every contour, literally worshipping at her shrine. If ever there was +undisguised admiration in a man’s passionate gaze it was there plain to +be seen on that man’s face. It is for you, Gertrude MacDowell, and you +know it. + +Edy began to get ready to go and it was high time for her and Gerty +noticed that that little hint she gave had had the desired effect +because it was a long way along the strand to where there was the place +to push up the pushcar and Cissy took off the twins’ caps and tidied +their hair to make herself attractive of course and Canon O’Hanlon +stood up with his cope poking up at his neck and Father Conroy handed +him the card to read off and he read out _Panem de coelo praestitisti +eis_ and Edy and Cissy were talking about the time all the time and +asking her but Gerty could pay them back in their own coin and she just +answered with scathing politeness when Edy asked her was she +heartbroken about her best boy throwing her over. Gerty winced sharply. +A brief cold blaze shone from her eyes that spoke volumes of scorn +immeasurable. It hurt—O yes, it cut deep because Edy had her own quiet +way of saying things like that she knew would wound like the confounded +little cat she was. Gerty’s lips parted swiftly to frame the word but +she fought back the sob that rose to her throat, so slim, so flawless, +so beautifully moulded it seemed one an artist might have dreamed of. +She had loved him better than he knew. Lighthearted deceiver and fickle +like all his sex he would never understand what he had meant to her and +for an instant there was in the blue eyes a quick stinging of tears. +Their eyes were probing her mercilessly but with a brave effort she +sparkled back in sympathy as she glanced at her new conquest for them +to see. + +—O, responded Gerty, quick as lightning, laughing, and the proud head +flashed up. I can throw my cap at who I like because it’s leap year. + +Her words rang out crystalclear, more musical than the cooing of the +ringdove, but they cut the silence icily. There was that in her young +voice that told that she was not a one to be lightly trifled with. As +for Mr Reggy with his swank and his bit of money she could just chuck +him aside as if he was so much filth and never again would she cast as +much as a second thought on him and tear his silly postcard into a +dozen pieces. And if ever after he dared to presume she could give him +one look of measured scorn that would make him shrivel up on the spot. +Miss puny little Edy’s countenance fell to no slight extent and Gerty +could see by her looking as black as thunder that she was simply in a +towering rage though she hid it, the little kinnatt, because that shaft +had struck home for her petty jealousy and they both knew that she was +something aloof, apart, in another sphere, that she was not of them and +never would be and there was somebody else too that knew it and saw it +so they could put that in their pipe and smoke it. + +Edy straightened up baby Boardman to get ready to go and Cissy tucked +in the ball and the spades and buckets and it was high time too because +the sandman was on his way for Master Boardman junior. And Cissy told +him too that billy winks was coming and that baby was to go deedaw and +baby looked just too ducky, laughing up out of his gleeful eyes, and +Cissy poked him like that out of fun in his wee fat tummy and baby, +without as much as by your leave, sent up his compliments to all and +sundry on to his brandnew dribbling bib. + +—O my! Puddeny pie! protested Ciss. He has his bib destroyed. + +The slight _contretemps_ claimed her attention but in two twos she set +that little matter to rights. + +Gerty stifled a smothered exclamation and gave a nervous cough and Edy +asked what and she was just going to tell her to catch it while it was +flying but she was ever ladylike in her deportment so she simply passed +it off with consummate tact by saying that that was the benediction +because just then the bell rang out from the steeple over the quiet +seashore because Canon O’Hanlon was up on the altar with the veil that +Father Conroy put round his shoulders giving the benediction with the +Blessed Sacrament in his hands. + +How moving the scene there in the gathering twilight, the last glimpse +of Erin, the touching chime of those evening bells and at the same time +a bat flew forth from the ivied belfry through the dusk, hither, +thither, with a tiny lost cry. And she could see far away the lights of +the lighthouses so picturesque she would have loved to do with a box of +paints because it was easier than to make a man and soon the +lamplighter would be going his rounds past the presbyterian church +grounds and along by shady Tritonville avenue where the couples walked +and lighting the lamp near her window where Reggy Wylie used to turn +his freewheel like she read in that book _The Lamplighter_ by Miss +Cummins, author of _Mabel Vaughan_ and other tales. For Gerty had her +dreams that no-one knew of. She loved to read poetry and when she got a +keepsake from Bertha Supple of that lovely confession album with the +coralpink cover to write her thoughts in she laid it in the drawer of +her toilettable which, though it did not err on the side of luxury, was +scrupulously neat and clean. It was there she kept her girlish treasure +trove, the tortoiseshell combs, her child of Mary badge, the whiterose +scent, the eyebrowleine, her alabaster pouncetbox and the ribbons to +change when her things came home from the wash and there were some +beautiful thoughts written in it in violet ink that she bought in +Hely’s of Dame Street for she felt that she too could write poetry if +she could only express herself like that poem that appealed to her so +deeply that she had copied out of the newspaper she found one evening +round the potherbs. _Art thou real, my ideal?_ it was called by Louis J +Walsh, Magherafelt, and after there was something about _twilight, wilt +thou ever?_ and ofttimes the beauty of poetry, so sad in its transient +loveliness, had misted her eyes with silent tears for she felt that the +years were slipping by for her, one by one, and but for that one +shortcoming she knew she need fear no competition and that was an +accident coming down Dalkey hill and she always tried to conceal it. +But it must end, she felt. If she saw that magic lure in his eyes there +would be no holding back for her. Love laughs at locksmiths. She would +make the great sacrifice. Her every effort would be to share his +thoughts. Dearer than the whole world would she be to him and gild his +days with happiness. There was the allimportant question and she was +dying to know was he a married man or a widower who had lost his wife +or some tragedy like the nobleman with the foreign name from the land +of song had to have her put into a madhouse, cruel only to be kind. But +even if—what then? Would it make a very great difference? From +everything in the least indelicate her finebred nature instinctively +recoiled. She loathed that sort of person, the fallen women off the +accommodation walk beside the Dodder that went with the soldiers and +coarse men with no respect for a girl’s honour, degrading the sex and +being taken up to the police station. No, no: not that. They would be +just good friends like a big brother and sister without all that other +in spite of the conventions of Society with a big ess. Perhaps it was +an old flame he was in mourning for from the days beyond recall. She +thought she understood. She would try to understand him because men +were so different. The old love was waiting, waiting with little white +hands stretched out, with blue appealing eyes. Heart of mine! She would +follow, her dream of love, the dictates of her heart that told her he +was her all in all, the only man in all the world for her for love was +the master guide. Nothing else mattered. Come what might she would be +wild, untrammelled, free. + +Canon O’Hanlon put the Blessed Sacrament back into the tabernacle and +genuflected and the choir sang _Laudate Dominum omnes gentes_ and then +he locked the tabernacle door because the benediction was over and +Father Conroy handed him his hat to put on and crosscat Edy asked +wasn’t she coming but Jacky Caffrey called out: + +—O, look, Cissy! + +And they all looked was it sheet lightning but Tommy saw it too over +the trees beside the church, blue and then green and purple. + +—It’s fireworks, Cissy Caffrey said. + +And they all ran down the strand to see over the houses and the church, +helterskelter, Edy with the pushcar with baby Boardman in it and Cissy +holding Tommy and Jacky by the hand so they wouldn’t fall running. + +—Come on, Gerty, Cissy called. It’s the bazaar fireworks. + +But Gerty was adamant. She had no intention of being at their beck and +call. If they could run like rossies she could sit so she said she +could see from where she was. The eyes that were fastened upon her set +her pulses tingling. She looked at him a moment, meeting his glance, +and a light broke in upon her. Whitehot passion was in that face, +passion silent as the grave, and it had made her his. At last they were +left alone without the others to pry and pass remarks and she knew he +could be trusted to the death, steadfast, a sterling man, a man of +inflexible honour to his fingertips. His hands and face were working +and a tremour went over her. She leaned back far to look up where the +fireworks were and she caught her knee in her hands so as not to fall +back looking up and there was no-one to see only him and her when she +revealed all her graceful beautifully shaped legs like that, supply +soft and delicately rounded, and she seemed to hear the panting of his +heart, his hoarse breathing, because she knew too about the passion of +men like that, hotblooded, because Bertha Supple told her once in dead +secret and made her swear she’d never about the gentleman lodger that +was staying with them out of the Congested Districts Board that had +pictures cut out of papers of those skirtdancers and highkickers and +she said he used to do something not very nice that you could imagine +sometimes in the bed. But this was altogether different from a thing +like that because there was all the difference because she could almost +feel him draw her face to his and the first quick hot touch of his +handsome lips. Besides there was absolution so long as you didn’t do +the other thing before being married and there ought to be women +priests that would understand without your telling out and Cissy +Caffrey too sometimes had that dreamy kind of dreamy look in her eyes +so that she too, my dear, and Winny Rippingham so mad about actors’ +photographs and besides it was on account of that other thing coming on +the way it did. + +And Jacky Caffrey shouted to look, there was another and she leaned +back and the garters were blue to match on account of the transparent +and they all saw it and they all shouted to look, look, there it was +and she leaned back ever so far to see the fireworks and something +queer was flying through the air, a soft thing, to and fro, dark. And +she saw a long Roman candle going up over the trees, up, up, and, in +the tense hush, they were all breathless with excitement as it went +higher and higher and she had to lean back more and more to look up +after it, high, high, almost out of sight, and her face was suffused +with a divine, an entrancing blush from straining back and he could see +her other things too, nainsook knickers, the fabric that caresses the +skin, better than those other pettiwidth, the green, four and eleven, +on account of being white and she let him and she saw that he saw and +then it went so high it went out of sight a moment and she was +trembling in every limb from being bent so far back that he had a full +view high up above her knee where no-one ever not even on the swing or +wading and she wasn’t ashamed and he wasn’t either to look in that +immodest way like that because he couldn’t resist the sight of the +wondrous revealment half offered like those skirtdancers behaving so +immodest before gentlemen looking and he kept on looking, looking. She +would fain have cried to him chokingly, held out her snowy slender arms +to him to come, to feel his lips laid on her white brow, the cry of a +young girl’s love, a little strangled cry, wrung from her, that cry +that has rung through the ages. And then a rocket sprang and bang shot +blind blank and O! then the Roman candle burst and it was like a sigh +of O! and everyone cried O! O! in raptures and it gushed out of it a +stream of rain gold hair threads and they shed and ah! they were all +greeny dewy stars falling with golden, O so lovely, O, soft, sweet, +soft! + +Then all melted away dewily in the grey air: all was silent. Ah! She +glanced at him as she bent forward quickly, a pathetic little glance of +piteous protest, of shy reproach under which he coloured like a girl. +He was leaning back against the rock behind. Leopold Bloom (for it is +he) stands silent, with bowed head before those young guileless eyes. +What a brute he had been! At it again? A fair unsullied soul had called +to him and, wretch that he was, how had he answered? An utter cad he +had been! He of all men! But there was an infinite store of mercy in +those eyes, for him too a word of pardon even though he had erred and +sinned and wandered. Should a girl tell? No, a thousand times no. That +was their secret, only theirs, alone in the hiding twilight and there +was none to know or tell save the little bat that flew so softly +through the evening to and fro and little bats don’t tell. + +Cissy Caffrey whistled, imitating the boys in the football field to +show what a great person she was: and then she cried: + +—Gerty! Gerty! We’re going. Come on. We can see from farther up. + +Gerty had an idea, one of love’s little ruses. She slipped a hand into +her kerchief pocket and took out the wadding and waved in reply of +course without letting him and then slipped it back. Wonder if he’s too +far to. She rose. Was it goodbye? No. She had to go but they would meet +again, there, and she would dream of that till then, tomorrow, of her +dream of yester eve. She drew herself up to her full height. Their +souls met in a last lingering glance and the eyes that reached her +heart, full of a strange shining, hung enraptured on her sweet +flowerlike face. She half smiled at him wanly, a sweet forgiving smile, +a smile that verged on tears, and then they parted. + +Slowly, without looking back she went down the uneven strand to Cissy, +to Edy to Jacky and Tommy Caffrey, to little baby Boardman. It was +darker now and there were stones and bits of wood on the strand and +slippy seaweed. She walked with a certain quiet dignity characteristic +of her but with care and very slowly because—because Gerty MacDowell +was... + +Tight boots? No. She’s lame! O! + +Mr Bloom watched her as she limped away. Poor girl! That’s why she’s +left on the shelf and the others did a sprint. Thought something was +wrong by the cut of her jib. Jilted beauty. A defect is ten times worse +in a woman. But makes them polite. Glad I didn’t know it when she was +on show. Hot little devil all the same. I wouldn’t mind. Curiosity like +a nun or a negress or a girl with glasses. That squinty one is +delicate. Near her monthlies, I expect, makes them feel ticklish. I +have such a bad headache today. Where did I put the letter? Yes, all +right. All kinds of crazy longings. Licking pennies. Girl in Tranquilla +convent that nun told me liked to smell rock oil. Virgins go mad in the +end I suppose. Sister? How many women in Dublin have it today? Martha, +she. Something in the air. That’s the moon. But then why don’t all +women menstruate at the same time with the same moon, I mean? Depends +on the time they were born I suppose. Or all start scratch then get out +of step. Sometimes Molly and Milly together. Anyhow I got the best of +that. Damned glad I didn’t do it in the bath this morning over her +silly I will punish you letter. Made up for that tramdriver this +morning. That gouger M’Coy stopping me to say nothing. And his wife +engagement in the country valise, voice like a pickaxe. Thankful for +small mercies. Cheap too. Yours for the asking. Because they want it +themselves. Their natural craving. Shoals of them every evening poured +out of offices. Reserve better. Don’t want it they throw it at you. +Catch em alive, O. Pity they can’t see themselves. A dream of +wellfilled hose. Where was that? Ah, yes. Mutoscope pictures in Capel +street: for men only. Peeping Tom. Willy’s hat and what the girls did +with it. Do they snapshot those girls or is it all a fake? _Lingerie_ +does it. Felt for the curves inside her _déshabillé._ Excites them also +when they’re. I’m all clean come and dirty me. And they like dressing +one another for the sacrifice. Milly delighted with Molly’s new blouse. +At first. Put them all on to take them all off. Molly. Why I bought her +the violet garters. Us too: the tie he wore, his lovely socks and +turnedup trousers. He wore a pair of gaiters the night that first we +met. His lovely shirt was shining beneath his what? of jet. Say a woman +loses a charm with every pin she takes out. Pinned together. O, Mairy +lost the pin of her. Dressed up to the nines for somebody. Fashion part +of their charm. Just changes when you’re on the track of the secret. +Except the east: Mary, Martha: now as then. No reasonable offer +refused. She wasn’t in a hurry either. Always off to a fellow when they +are. They never forget an appointment. Out on spec probably. They +believe in chance because like themselves. And the others inclined to +give her an odd dig. Girl friends at school, arms round each other’s +necks or with ten fingers locked, kissing and whispering secrets about +nothing in the convent garden. Nuns with whitewashed faces, cool coifs +and their rosaries going up and down, vindictive too for what they +can’t get. Barbed wire. Be sure now and write to me. And I’ll write to +you. Now won’t you? Molly and Josie Powell. Till Mr Right comes along, +then meet once in a blue moon. _Tableau!_ O, look who it is for the +love of God! How are you at all? What have you been doing with +yourself? Kiss and delighted to, kiss, to see you. Picking holes in +each other’s appearance. You’re looking splendid. Sister souls. Showing +their teeth at one another. How many have you left? Wouldn’t lend each +other a pinch of salt. + +Ah! + +Devils they are when that’s coming on them. Dark devilish appearance. +Molly often told me feel things a ton weight. Scratch the sole of my +foot. O that way! O, that’s exquisite! Feel it myself too. Good to rest +once in a way. Wonder if it’s bad to go with them then. Safe in one +way. Turns milk, makes fiddlestrings snap. Something about withering +plants I read in a garden. Besides they say if the flower withers she +wears she’s a flirt. All are. Daresay she felt I. When you feel like +that you often meet what you feel. Liked me or what? Dress they look +at. Always know a fellow courting: collars and cuffs. Well cocks and +lions do the same and stags. Same time might prefer a tie undone or +something. Trousers? Suppose I when I was? No. Gently does it. Dislike +rough and tumble. Kiss in the dark and never tell. Saw something in me. +Wonder what. Sooner have me as I am than some poet chap with +bearsgrease plastery hair, lovelock over his dexter optic. To aid +gentleman in literary. Ought to attend to my appearance my age. Didn’t +let her see me in profile. Still, you never know. Pretty girls and ugly +men marrying. Beauty and the beast. Besides I can’t be so if Molly. +Took off her hat to show her hair. Wide brim. Bought to hide her face, +meeting someone might know her, bend down or carry a bunch of flowers +to smell. Hair strong in rut. Ten bob I got for Molly’s combings when +we were on the rocks in Holles street. Why not? Suppose he gave her +money. Why not? All a prejudice. She’s worth ten, fifteen, more, a +pound. What? I think so. All that for nothing. Bold hand: Mrs Marion. +Did I forget to write address on that letter like the postcard I sent +to Flynn? And the day I went to Drimmie’s without a necktie. Wrangle +with Molly it was put me off. No, I remember. Richie Goulding: he’s +another. Weighs on his mind. Funny my watch stopped at half past four. +Dust. Shark liver oil they use to clean. Could do it myself. Save. Was +that just when he, she? + +O, he did. Into her. She did. Done. + +Ah! + +Mr Bloom with careful hand recomposed his wet shirt. O Lord, that +little limping devil. Begins to feel cold and clammy. Aftereffect not +pleasant. Still you have to get rid of it someway. They don’t care. +Complimented perhaps. Go home to nicey bread and milky and say night +prayers with the kiddies. Well, aren’t they? See her as she is spoil +all. Must have the stage setting, the rouge, costume, position, music. +The name too. _Amours_ of actresses. Nell Gwynn, Mrs Bracegirdle, Maud +Branscombe. Curtain up. Moonlight silver effulgence. Maiden discovered +with pensive bosom. Little sweetheart come and kiss me. Still, I feel. +The strength it gives a man. That’s the secret of it. Good job I let +off there behind the wall coming out of Dignam’s. Cider that was. +Otherwise I couldn’t have. Makes you want to sing after. _Lacaus esant +taratara_. Suppose I spoke to her. What about? Bad plan however if you +don’t know how to end the conversation. Ask them a question they ask +you another. Good idea if you’re stuck. Gain time. But then you’re in a +cart. Wonderful of course if you say: good evening, and you see she’s +on for it: good evening. O but the dark evening in the Appian way I +nearly spoke to Mrs Clinch O thinking she was. Whew! Girl in Meath +street that night. All the dirty things I made her say. All wrong of +course. My arks she called it. It’s so hard to find one who. Aho! If +you don’t answer when they solicit must be horrible for them till they +harden. And kissed my hand when I gave her the extra two shillings. +Parrots. Press the button and the bird will squeak. Wish she hadn’t +called me sir. O, her mouth in the dark! And you a married man with a +single girl! That’s what they enjoy. Taking a man from another woman. +Or even hear of it. Different with me. Glad to get away from other +chap’s wife. Eating off his cold plate. Chap in the Burton today +spitting back gumchewed gristle. French letter still in my pocketbook. +Cause of half the trouble. But might happen sometime, I don’t think. +Come in, all is prepared. I dreamt. What? Worst is beginning. How they +change the venue when it’s not what they like. Ask you do you like +mushrooms because she once knew a gentleman who. Or ask you what +someone was going to say when he changed his mind and stopped. Yet if I +went the whole hog, say: I want to, something like that. Because I did. +She too. Offend her. Then make it up. Pretend to want something +awfully, then cry off for her sake. Flatters them. She must have been +thinking of someone else all the time. What harm? Must since she came +to the use of reason, he, he and he. First kiss does the trick. The +propitious moment. Something inside them goes pop. Mushy like, tell by +their eye, on the sly. First thoughts are best. Remember that till +their dying day. Molly, lieutenant Mulvey that kissed her under the +Moorish wall beside the gardens. Fifteen she told me. But her breasts +were developed. Fell asleep then. After Glencree dinner that was when +we drove home. Featherbed mountain. Gnashing her teeth in sleep. Lord +mayor had his eye on her too. Val Dillon. Apoplectic. + +There she is with them down there for the fireworks. My fireworks. Up +like a rocket, down like a stick. And the children, twins they must be, +waiting for something to happen. Want to be grownups. Dressing in +mother’s clothes. Time enough, understand all the ways of the world. +And the dark one with the mop head and the nigger mouth. I knew she +could whistle. Mouth made for that. Like Molly. Why that highclass +whore in Jammet’s wore her veil only to her nose. Would you mind, +please, telling me the right time? I’ll tell you the right time up a +dark lane. Say prunes and prisms forty times every morning, cure for +fat lips. Caressing the little boy too. Onlookers see most of the game. +Of course they understand birds, animals, babies. In their line. + +Didn’t look back when she was going down the strand. Wouldn’t give that +satisfaction. Those girls, those girls, those lovely seaside girls. +Fine eyes she had, clear. It’s the white of the eye brings that out not +so much the pupil. Did she know what I? Course. Like a cat sitting +beyond a dog’s jump. Women never meet one like that Wilkins in the high +school drawing a picture of Venus with all his belongings on show. Call +that innocence? Poor idiot! His wife has her work cut out for her. +Never see them sit on a bench marked _Wet Paint_. Eyes all over them. +Look under the bed for what’s not there. Longing to get the fright of +their lives. Sharp as needles they are. When I said to Molly the man at +the corner of Cuffe street was goodlooking, thought she might like, +twigged at once he had a false arm. Had, too. Where do they get that? +Typist going up Roger Greene’s stairs two at a time to show her +understandings. Handed down from father to, mother to daughter, I mean. +Bred in the bone. Milly for example drying her handkerchief on the +mirror to save the ironing. Best place for an ad to catch a woman’s eye +on a mirror. And when I sent her for Molly’s Paisley shawl to +Prescott’s by the way that ad I must, carrying home the change in her +stocking! Clever little minx. I never told her. Neat way she carries +parcels too. Attract men, small thing like that. Holding up her hand, +shaking it, to let the blood flow back when it was red. Who did you +learn that from? Nobody. Something the nurse taught me. O, don’t they +know! Three years old she was in front of Molly’s dressingtable, just +before we left Lombard street west. Me have a nice pace. Mullingar. Who +knows? Ways of the world. Young student. Straight on her pins anyway +not like the other. Still she was game. Lord, I am wet. Devil you are. +Swell of her calf. Transparent stockings, stretched to breaking point. +Not like that frump today. A. E. Rumpled stockings. Or the one in +Grafton street. White. Wow! Beef to the heel. + +A monkey puzzle rocket burst, spluttering in darting crackles. Zrads +and zrads, zrads, zrads. And Cissy and Tommy and Jacky ran out to see +and Edy after with the pushcar and then Gerty beyond the curve of the +rocks. Will she? Watch! Watch! See! Looked round. She smelt an onion. +Darling, I saw, your. I saw all. + +Lord! + +Did me good all the same. Off colour after Kiernan’s, Dignam’s. For +this relief much thanks. In _Hamlet,_ that is. Lord! It was all things +combined. Excitement. When she leaned back, felt an ache at the butt of +my tongue. Your head it simply swirls. He’s right. Might have made a +worse fool of myself however. Instead of talking about nothing. Then I +will tell you all. Still it was a kind of language between us. It +couldn’t be? No, Gerty they called her. Might be false name however +like my name and the address Dolphin’s barn a blind. + + Her maiden name was Jemina Brown + And she lived with her mother in Irishtown. + +Place made me think of that I suppose. All tarred with the same brush. +Wiping pens in their stockings. But the ball rolled down to her as if +it understood. Every bullet has its billet. Course I never could throw +anything straight at school. Crooked as a ram’s horn. Sad however +because it lasts only a few years till they settle down to potwalloping +and papa’s pants will soon fit Willy and fuller’s earth for the baby +when they hold him out to do ah ah. No soft job. Saves them. Keeps them +out of harm’s way. Nature. Washing child, washing corpse. Dignam. +Children’s hands always round them. Cocoanut skulls, monkeys, not even +closed at first, sour milk in their swaddles and tainted curds. +Oughtn’t to have given that child an empty teat to suck. Fill it up +with wind. Mrs Beaufoy, Purefoy. Must call to the hospital. Wonder is +nurse Callan there still. She used to look over some nights when Molly +was in the Coffee Palace. That young doctor O’Hare I noticed her +brushing his coat. And Mrs Breen and Mrs Dignam once like that too, +marriageable. Worst of all at night Mrs Duggan told me in the City +Arms. Husband rolling in drunk, stink of pub off him like a polecat. +Have that in your nose in the dark, whiff of stale boose. Then ask in +the morning: was I drunk last night? Bad policy however to fault the +husband. Chickens come home to roost. They stick by one another like +glue. Maybe the women’s fault also. That’s where Molly can knock spots +off them. It’s the blood of the south. Moorish. Also the form, the +figure. Hands felt for the opulent. Just compare for instance those +others. Wife locked up at home, skeleton in the cupboard. Allow me to +introduce my. Then they trot you out some kind of a nondescript, +wouldn’t know what to call her. Always see a fellow’s weak point in his +wife. Still there’s destiny in it, falling in love. Have their own +secrets between them. Chaps that would go to the dogs if some woman +didn’t take them in hand. Then little chits of girls, height of a +shilling in coppers, with little hubbies. As God made them he matched +them. Sometimes children turn out well enough. Twice nought makes one. +Or old rich chap of seventy and blushing bride. Marry in May and repent +in December. This wet is very unpleasant. Stuck. Well the foreskin is +not back. Better detach. + +Ow! + +Other hand a sixfooter with a wifey up to his watchpocket. Long and the +short of it. Big he and little she. Very strange about my watch. +Wristwatches are always going wrong. Wonder is there any magnetic +influence between the person because that was about the time he. Yes, I +suppose, at once. Cat’s away, the mice will play. I remember looking in +Pill lane. Also that now is magnetism. Back of everything magnetism. +Earth for instance pulling this and being pulled. That causes movement. +And time, well that’s the time the movement takes. Then if one thing +stopped the whole ghesabo would stop bit by bit. Because it’s all +arranged. Magnetic needle tells you what’s going on in the sun, the +stars. Little piece of steel iron. When you hold out the fork. Come. +Come. Tip. Woman and man that is. Fork and steel. Molly, he. Dress up +and look and suggest and let you see and see more and defy you if +you’re a man to see that and, like a sneeze coming, legs, look, look +and if you have any guts in you. Tip. Have to let fly. + +Wonder how is she feeling in that region. Shame all put on before third +person. More put out about a hole in her stocking. Molly, her underjaw +stuck out, head back, about the farmer in the ridingboots and spurs at +the horse show. And when the painters were in Lombard street west. Fine +voice that fellow had. How Giuglini began. Smell that I did. Like +flowers. It was too. Violets. Came from the turpentine probably in the +paint. Make their own use of everything. Same time doing it scraped her +slipper on the floor so they wouldn’t hear. But lots of them can’t kick +the beam, I think. Keep that thing up for hours. Kind of a general all +round over me and half down my back. + +Wait. Hm. Hm. Yes. That’s her perfume. Why she waved her hand. I leave +you this to think of me when I’m far away on the pillow. What is it? +Heliotrope? No. Hyacinth? Hm. Roses, I think. She’d like scent of that +kind. Sweet and cheap: soon sour. Why Molly likes opoponax. Suits her, +with a little jessamine mixed. Her high notes and her low notes. At the +dance night she met him, dance of the hours. Heat brought it out. She +was wearing her black and it had the perfume of the time before. Good +conductor, is it? Or bad? Light too. Suppose there’s some connection. +For instance if you go into a cellar where it’s dark. Mysterious thing +too. Why did I smell it only now? Took its time in coming like herself, +slow but sure. Suppose it’s ever so many millions of tiny grains blown +across. Yes, it is. Because those spice islands, Cinghalese this +morning, smell them leagues off. Tell you what it is. It’s like a fine +fine veil or web they have all over the skin, fine like what do you +call it gossamer, and they’re always spinning it out of them, fine as +anything, like rainbow colours without knowing it. Clings to everything +she takes off. Vamp of her stockings. Warm shoe. Stays. Drawers: little +kick, taking them off. Byby till next time. Also the cat likes to sniff +in her shift on the bed. Know her smell in a thousand. Bathwater too. +Reminds me of strawberries and cream. Wonder where it is really. There +or the armpits or under the neck. Because you get it out of all holes +and corners. Hyacinth perfume made of oil of ether or something. +Muskrat. Bag under their tails. One grain pour off odour for years. +Dogs at each other behind. Good evening. Evening. How do you sniff? Hm. +Hm. Very well, thank you. Animals go by that. Yes now, look at it that +way. We’re the same. Some women, instance, warn you off when they have +their period. Come near. Then get a hogo you could hang your hat on. +Like what? Potted herrings gone stale or. Boof! Please keep off the +grass. + +Perhaps they get a man smell off us. What though? Cigary gloves long +John had on his desk the other day. Breath? What you eat and drink +gives that. No. Mansmell, I mean. Must be connected with that because +priests that are supposed to be are different. Women buzz round it like +flies round treacle. Railed off the altar get on to it at any cost. The +tree of forbidden priest. O, father, will you? Let me be the first to. +That diffuses itself all through the body, permeates. Source of life. +And it’s extremely curious the smell. Celery sauce. Let me. + +Mr Bloom inserted his nose. Hm. Into the. Hm. Opening of his waistcoat. +Almonds or. No. Lemons it is. Ah no, that’s the soap. + +O by the by that lotion. I knew there was something on my mind. Never +went back and the soap not paid. Dislike carrying bottles like that hag +this morning. Hynes might have paid me that three shillings. I could +mention Meagher’s just to remind him. Still if he works that paragraph. +Two and nine. Bad opinion of me he’ll have. Call tomorrow. How much do +I owe you? Three and nine? Two and nine, sir. Ah. Might stop him giving +credit another time. Lose your customers that way. Pubs do. Fellows run +up a bill on the slate and then slinking around the back streets into +somewhere else. + +Here’s this nobleman passed before. Blown in from the bay. Just went as +far as turn back. Always at home at dinnertime. Looks mangled out: had +a good tuck in. Enjoying nature now. Grace after meals. After supper +walk a mile. Sure he has a small bank balance somewhere, government +sit. Walk after him now make him awkward like those newsboys me today. +Still you learn something. See ourselves as others see us. So long as +women don’t mock what matter? That’s the way to find out. Ask yourself +who is he now. _The Mystery Man on the Beach_, prize titbit story by Mr +Leopold Bloom. Payment at the rate of one guinea per column. And that +fellow today at the graveside in the brown macintosh. Corns on his +kismet however. Healthy perhaps absorb all the. Whistle brings rain +they say. Must be some somewhere. Salt in the Ormond damp. The body +feels the atmosphere. Old Betty’s joints are on the rack. Mother +Shipton’s prophecy that is about ships around they fly in the +twinkling. No. Signs of rain it is. The royal reader. And distant hills +seem coming nigh. + +Howth. Bailey light. Two, four, six, eight, nine. See. Has to change or +they might think it a house. Wreckers. Grace Darling. People afraid of +the dark. Also glowworms, cyclists: lightingup time. Jewels diamonds +flash better. Women. Light is a kind of reassuring. Not going to hurt +you. Better now of course than long ago. Country roads. Run you through +the small guts for nothing. Still two types there are you bob against. +Scowl or smile. Pardon! Not at all. Best time to spray plants too in +the shade after the sun. Some light still. Red rays are longest. +Roygbiv Vance taught us: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, +violet. A star I see. Venus? Can’t tell yet. Two. When three it’s +night. Were those nightclouds there all the time? Looks like a phantom +ship. No. Wait. Trees are they? An optical illusion. Mirage. Land of +the setting sun this. Homerule sun setting in the southeast. My native +land, goodnight. + +Dew falling. Bad for you, dear, to sit on that stone. Brings on white +fluxions. Never have little baby then less he was big strong fight his +way up through. Might get piles myself. Sticks too like a summer cold, +sore on the mouth. Cut with grass or paper worst. Friction of the +position. Like to be that rock she sat on. O sweet little, you don’t +know how nice you looked. I begin to like them at that age. Green +apples. Grab at all that offer. Suppose it’s the only time we cross +legs, seated. Also the library today: those girl graduates. Happy +chairs under them. But it’s the evening influence. They feel all that. +Open like flowers, know their hours, sunflowers, Jerusalem artichokes, +in ballrooms, chandeliers, avenues under the lamps. Nightstock in Mat +Dillon’s garden where I kissed her shoulder. Wish I had a full length +oilpainting of her then. June that was too I wooed. The year returns. +History repeats itself. Ye crags and peaks I’m with you once again. +Life, love, voyage round your own little world. And now? Sad about her +lame of course but must be on your guard not to feel too much pity. +They take advantage. + +All quiet on Howth now. The distant hills seem. Where we. The +rhododendrons. I am a fool perhaps. He gets the plums, and I the +plumstones. Where I come in. All that old hill has seen. Names change: +that’s all. Lovers: yum yum. + +Tired I feel now. Will I get up? O wait. Drained all the manhood out of +me, little wretch. She kissed me. Never again. My youth. Only once it +comes. Or hers. Take the train there tomorrow. No. Returning not the +same. Like kids your second visit to a house. The new I want. Nothing +new under the sun. Care of P. O. Dolphin’s Barn. Are you not happy in +your? Naughty darling. At Dolphin’s barn charades in Luke Doyle’s +house. Mat Dillon and his bevy of daughters: Tiny, Atty, Floey, Maimy, +Louy, Hetty. Molly too. Eightyseven that was. Year before we. And the +old major, partial to his drop of spirits. Curious she an only child, I +an only child. So it returns. Think you’re escaping and run into +yourself. Longest way round is the shortest way home. And just when he +and she. Circus horse walking in a ring. Rip van Winkle we played. Rip: +tear in Henny Doyle’s overcoat. Van: breadvan delivering. Winkle: +cockles and periwinkles. Then I did Rip van Winkle coming back. She +leaned on the sideboard watching. Moorish eyes. Twenty years asleep in +Sleepy Hollow. All changed. Forgotten. The young are old. His gun rusty +from the dew. + +Ba. What is that flying about? Swallow? Bat probably. Thinks I’m a +tree, so blind. Have birds no smell? Metempsychosis. They believed you +could be changed into a tree from grief. Weeping willow. Ba. There he +goes. Funny little beggar. Wonder where he lives. Belfry up there. Very +likely. Hanging by his heels in the odour of sanctity. Bell scared him +out, I suppose. Mass seems to be over. Could hear them all at it. Pray +for us. And pray for us. And pray for us. Good idea the repetition. +Same thing with ads. Buy from us. And buy from us. Yes, there’s the +light in the priest’s house. Their frugal meal. Remember about the +mistake in the valuation when I was in Thom’s. Twentyeight it is. Two +houses they have. Gabriel Conroy’s brother is curate. Ba. Again. Wonder +why they come out at night like mice. They’re a mixed breed. Birds are +like hopping mice. What frightens them, light or noise? Better sit +still. All instinct like the bird in drouth got water out of the end of +a jar by throwing in pebbles. Like a little man in a cloak he is with +tiny hands. Weeny bones. Almost see them shimmering, kind of a bluey +white. Colours depend on the light you see. Stare the sun for example +like the eagle then look at a shoe see a blotch blob yellowish. Wants +to stamp his trademark on everything. Instance, that cat this morning +on the staircase. Colour of brown turf. Say you never see them with +three colours. Not true. That half tabbywhite tortoiseshell in the +_City Arms_ with the letter em on her forehead. Body fifty different +colours. Howth a while ago amethyst. Glass flashing. That’s how that +wise man what’s his name with the burning glass. Then the heather goes +on fire. It can’t be tourists’ matches. What? Perhaps the sticks dry +rub together in the wind and light. Or broken bottles in the furze act +as a burning glass in the sun. Archimedes. I have it! My memory’s not +so bad. + +Ba. Who knows what they’re always flying for. Insects? That bee last +week got into the room playing with his shadow on the ceiling. Might be +the one bit me, come back to see. Birds too. Never find out. Or what +they say. Like our small talk. And says she and says he. Nerve they +have to fly over the ocean and back. Lots must be killed in storms, +telegraph wires. Dreadful life sailors have too. Big brutes of +oceangoing steamers floundering along in the dark, lowing out like +seacows. _Faugh a ballagh!_ Out of that, bloody curse to you! Others in +vessels, bit of a handkerchief sail, pitched about like snuff at a wake +when the stormy winds do blow. Married too. Sometimes away for years at +the ends of the earth somewhere. No ends really because it’s round. +Wife in every port they say. She has a good job if she minds it till +Johnny comes marching home again. If ever he does. Smelling the tail +end of ports. How can they like the sea? Yet they do. The anchor’s +weighed. Off he sails with a scapular or a medal on him for luck. Well. +And the tephilim no what’s this they call it poor papa’s father had on +his door to touch. That brought us out of the land of Egypt and into +the house of bondage. Something in all those superstitions because when +you go out never know what dangers. Hanging on to a plank or astride of +a beam for grim life, lifebelt round him, gulping salt water, and +that’s the last of his nibs till the sharks catch hold of him. Do fish +ever get seasick? + +Then you have a beautiful calm without a cloud, smooth sea, placid, +crew and cargo in smithereens, Davy Jones’ locker, moon looking down so +peaceful. Not my fault, old cockalorum. + +A last lonely candle wandered up the sky from Mirus bazaar in search of +funds for Mercer’s hospital and broke, drooping, and shed a cluster of +violet but one white stars. They floated, fell: they faded. The +shepherd’s hour: the hour of folding: hour of tryst. From house to +house, giving his everwelcome double knock, went the nine o’clock +postman, the glowworm’s lamp at his belt gleaming here and there +through the laurel hedges. And among the five young trees a hoisted +lintstock lit the lamp at Leahy’s terrace. By screens of lighted +windows, by equal gardens a shrill voice went crying, wailing: _Evening +Telegraph, stop press edition! Result of the Gold Cup races!_ and from +the door of Dignam’s house a boy ran out and called. Twittering the bat +flew here, flew there. Far out over the sands the coming surf crept, +grey. Howth settled for slumber, tired of long days, of yumyum +rhododendrons (he was old) and felt gladly the night breeze lift, +ruffle his fell of ferns. He lay but opened a red eye unsleeping, deep +and slowly breathing, slumberous but awake. And far on Kish bank the +anchored lightship twinkled, winked at Mr Bloom. + +Life those chaps out there must have, stuck in the same spot. Irish +Lights board. Penance for their sins. Coastguards too. Rocket and +breeches buoy and lifeboat. Day we went out for the pleasure cruise in +the Erin’s King, throwing them the sack of old papers. Bears in the +zoo. Filthy trip. Drunkards out to shake up their livers. Puking +overboard to feed the herrings. Nausea. And the women, fear of God in +their faces. Milly, no sign of funk. Her blue scarf loose, laughing. +Don’t know what death is at that age. And then their stomachs clean. +But being lost they fear. When we hid behind the tree at Crumlin. I +didn’t want to. Mamma! Mamma! Babes in the wood. Frightening them with +masks too. Throwing them up in the air to catch them. I’ll murder you. +Is it only half fun? Or children playing battle. Whole earnest. How can +people aim guns at each other. Sometimes they go off. Poor kids! Only +troubles wildfire and nettlerash. Calomel purge I got her for that. +After getting better asleep with Molly. Very same teeth she has. What +do they love? Another themselves? But the morning she chased her with +the umbrella. Perhaps so as not to hurt. I felt her pulse. Ticking. +Little hand it was: now big. Dearest Papli. All that the hand says when +you touch. Loved to count my waistcoat buttons. Her first stays I +remember. Made me laugh to see. Little paps to begin with. Left one is +more sensitive, I think. Mine too. Nearer the heart? Padding themselves +out if fat is in fashion. Her growing pains at night, calling, wakening +me. Frightened she was when her nature came on her first. Poor child! +Strange moment for the mother too. Brings back her girlhood. Gibraltar. +Looking from Buena Vista. O’Hara’s tower. The seabirds screaming. Old +Barbary ape that gobbled all his family. Sundown, gunfire for the men +to cross the lines. Looking out over the sea she told me. Evening like +this, but clear, no clouds. I always thought I’d marry a lord or a rich +gentleman coming with a private yacht. _Buenas noches, señorita. El +hombre ama la muchacha hermosa_. Why me? Because you were so foreign +from the others. + +Better not stick here all night like a limpet. This weather makes you +dull. Must be getting on for nine by the light. Go home. Too late for +_Leah, Lily of Killarney._ No. Might be still up. Call to the hospital +to see. Hope she’s over. Long day I’ve had. Martha, the bath, funeral, +house of Keyes, museum with those goddesses, Dedalus’ song. Then that +bawler in Barney Kiernan’s. Got my own back there. Drunken ranters what +I said about his God made him wince. Mistake to hit back. Or? No. Ought +to go home and laugh at themselves. Always want to be swilling in +company. Afraid to be alone like a child of two. Suppose he hit me. +Look at it other way round. Not so bad then. Perhaps not to hurt he +meant. Three cheers for Israel. Three cheers for the sister-in-law he +hawked about, three fangs in her mouth. Same style of beauty. +Particularly nice old party for a cup of tea. The sister of the wife of +the wild man of Borneo has just come to town. Imagine that in the early +morning at close range. Everyone to his taste as Morris said when he +kissed the cow. But Dignam’s put the boots on it. Houses of mourning so +depressing because you never know. Anyhow she wants the money. Must +call to those Scottish Widows as I promised. Strange name. Takes it for +granted we’re going to pop off first. That widow on Monday was it +outside Cramer’s that looked at me. Buried the poor husband but +progressing favourably on the premium. Her widow’s mite. Well? What do +you expect her to do? Must wheedle her way along. Widower I hate to +see. Looks so forlorn. Poor man O’Connor wife and five children +poisoned by mussels here. The sewage. Hopeless. Some good matronly +woman in a porkpie hat to mother him. Take him in tow, platter face and +a large apron. Ladies’ grey flannelette bloomers, three shillings a +pair, astonishing bargain. Plain and loved, loved for ever, they say. +Ugly: no woman thinks she is. Love, lie and be handsome for tomorrow we +die. See him sometimes walking about trying to find out who played the +trick. U. p: up. Fate that is. He, not me. Also a shop often noticed. +Curse seems to dog it. Dreamt last night? Wait. Something confused. She +had red slippers on. Turkish. Wore the breeches. Suppose she does? +Would I like her in pyjamas? Damned hard to answer. Nannetti’s gone. +Mailboat. Near Holyhead by now. Must nail that ad of Keyes’s. Work +Hynes and Crawford. Petticoats for Molly. She has something to put in +them. What’s that? Might be money. + +Mr Bloom stooped and turned over a piece of paper on the strand. He +brought it near his eyes and peered. Letter? No. Can’t read. Better go. +Better. I’m tired to move. Page of an old copybook. All those holes and +pebbles. Who could count them? Never know what you find. Bottle with +story of a treasure in it, thrown from a wreck. Parcels post. Children +always want to throw things in the sea. Trust? Bread cast on the +waters. What’s this? Bit of stick. + +O! Exhausted that female has me. Not so young now. Will she come here +tomorrow? Wait for her somewhere for ever. Must come back. Murderers +do. Will I? + +Mr Bloom with his stick gently vexed the thick sand at his foot. Write +a message for her. Might remain. What? + +I. + +Some flatfoot tramp on it in the morning. Useless. Washed away. Tide +comes here. Saw a pool near her foot. Bend, see my face there, dark +mirror, breathe on it, stirs. All these rocks with lines and scars and +letters. O, those transparent! Besides they don’t know. What is the +meaning of that other world. I called you naughty boy because I do not +like. + +AM. A. + +No room. Let it go. + +Mr Bloom effaced the letters with his slow boot. Hopeless thing sand. +Nothing grows in it. All fades. No fear of big vessels coming up here. +Except Guinness’s barges. Round the Kish in eighty days. Done half by +design. + +He flung his wooden pen away. The stick fell in silted sand, stuck. Now +if you were trying to do that for a week on end you couldn’t. Chance. +We’ll never meet again. But it was lovely. Goodbye, dear. Thanks. Made +me feel so young. + +Short snooze now if I had. Must be near nine. Liverpool boat long gone. +Not even the smoke. And she can do the other. Did too. And Belfast. I +won’t go. Race there, race back to Ennis. Let him. Just close my eyes a +moment. Won’t sleep, though. Half dream. It never comes the same. Bat +again. No harm in him. Just a few. + +O sweety all your little girlwhite up I saw dirty bracegirdle made me +do love sticky we two naughty Grace darling she him half past the bed +met him pike hoses frillies for Raoul de perfume your wife black hair +heave under embon _señorita_ young eyes Mulvey plump bubs me breadvan +Winkle red slippers she rusty sleep wander years of dreams return tail +end Agendath swoony lovey showed me her next year in drawers return +next in her next her next. + +A bat flew. Here. There. Here. Far in the grey a bell chimed. Mr Bloom +with open mouth, his left boot sanded sideways, leaned, breathed. Just +for a few + + Cuckoo + Cuckoo + Cuckoo. + +The clock on the mantelpiece in the priest’s house cooed where Canon +O’Hanlon and Father Conroy and the reverend John Hughes S. J. were +taking tea and sodabread and butter and fried mutton chops with catsup +and talking about + + Cuckoo + Cuckoo + Cuckoo. + +Because it was a little canarybird that came out of its little house to +tell the time that Gerty MacDowell noticed the time she was there +because she was as quick as anything about a thing like that, was Gerty +MacDowell, and she noticed at once that that foreign gentleman that was +sitting on the rocks looking was + + Cuckoo + Cuckoo + Cuckoo. + + + + +[ 14 ] + + +Deshil Holles Eamus. Deshil Holles Eamus. Deshil Holles Eamus. + +Send us bright one, light one, Horhorn, quickening and wombfruit. Send +us bright one, light one, Horhorn, quickening and wombfruit. Send us +bright one, light one, Horhorn, quickening and wombfruit. + +Hoopsa boyaboy hoopsa! Hoopsa boyaboy hoopsa! Hoopsa boyaboy hoopsa! + +Universally that person’s acumen is esteemed very little perceptive +concerning whatsoever matters are being held as most profitably by +mortals with sapience endowed to be studied who is ignorant of that +which the most in doctrine erudite and certainly by reason of that in +them high mind’s ornament deserving of veneration constantly maintain +when by general consent they affirm that other circumstances being +equal by no exterior splendour is the prosperity of a nation more +efficaciously asserted than by the measure of how far forward may have +progressed the tribute of its solicitude for that proliferent +continuance which of evils the original if it be absent when +fortunately present constitutes the certain sign of omnipollent +nature’s incorrupted benefaction. For who is there who anything of some +significance has apprehended but is conscious that that exterior +splendour may be the surface of a downwardtending lutulent reality or +on the contrary anyone so is there unilluminated as not to perceive +that as no nature’s boon can contend against the bounty of increase so +it behoves every most just citizen to become the exhortator and +admonisher of his semblables and to tremble lest what had in the past +been by the nation excellently commenced might be in the future not +with similar excellence accomplished if an inverecund habit shall have +gradually traduced the honourable by ancestors transmitted customs to +that thither of profundity that that one was audacious excessively who +would have the hardihood to rise affirming that no more odious offence +can for anyone be than to oblivious neglect to consign that evangel +simultaneously command and promise which on all mortals with prophecy +of abundance or with diminution’s menace that exalted of reiteratedly +procreating function ever irrevocably enjoined? + +It is not why therefore we shall wonder if, as the best historians +relate, among the Celts, who nothing that was not in its nature +admirable admired, the art of medicine shall have been highly honoured. +Not to speak of hostels, leperyards, sweating chambers, plaguegraves, +their greatest doctors, the O’Shiels, the O’Hickeys, the O’Lees, have +sedulously set down the divers methods by which the sick and the +relapsed found again health whether the malady had been the trembling +withering or loose boyconnell flux. Certainly in every public work +which in it anything of gravity contains preparation should be with +importance commensurate and therefore a plan was by them adopted +(whether by having preconsidered or as the maturation of experience it +is difficult in being said which the discrepant opinions of subsequent +inquirers are not up to the present congrued to render manifest) +whereby maternity was so far from all accident possibility removed that +whatever care the patient in that allhardest of woman hour chiefly +required and not solely for the copiously opulent but also for her who +not being sufficiently moneyed scarcely and often not even scarcely +could subsist valiantly and for an inconsiderable emolument was +provided. + +To her nothing already then and thenceforward was anyway able to be +molestful for this chiefly felt all citizens except with proliferent +mothers prosperity at all not to can be and as they had received +eternity gods mortals generation to befit them her beholding, when the +case was so hoving itself, parturient in vehicle thereward carrying +desire immense among all one another was impelling on of her to be +received into that domicile. O thing of prudent nation not merely in +being seen but also even in being related worthy of being praised that +they her by anticipation went seeing mother, that she by them suddenly +to be about to be cherished had been begun she felt! + +Before born bliss babe had. Within womb won he worship. Whatever in +that one case done commodiously done was. A couch by midwives attended +with wholesome food reposeful, cleanest swaddles as though +forthbringing were now done and by wise foresight set: but to this no +less of what drugs there is need and surgical implements which are +pertaining to her case not omitting aspect of all very distracting +spectacles in various latitudes by our terrestrial orb offered together +with images, divine and human, the cogitation of which by sejunct +females is to tumescence conducive or eases issue in the high sunbright +wellbuilt fair home of mothers when, ostensibly far gone and +reproductitive, it is come by her thereto to lie in, her term up. + +Some man that wayfaring was stood by housedoor at night’s oncoming. Of +Israel’s folk was that man that on earth wandering far had fared. Stark +ruth of man his errand that him lone led till that house. + +Of that house A. Horne is lord. Seventy beds keeps he there teeming +mothers are wont that they lie for to thole and bring forth bairns hale +so God’s angel to Mary quoth. Watchers tway there walk, white sisters +in ward sleepless. Smarts they still, sickness soothing: in twelve +moons thrice an hundred. Truest bedthanes they twain are, for Horne +holding wariest ward. + +In ward wary the watcher hearing come that man mildhearted eft rising +with swire ywimpled to him her gate wide undid. Lo, levin leaping +lightens in eyeblink Ireland’s westward welkin. Full she drad that God +the Wreaker all mankind would fordo with water for his evil sins. +Christ’s rood made she on breastbone and him drew that he would rathe +infare under her thatch. That man her will wotting worthful went in +Horne’s house. + +Loth to irk in Horne’s hall hat holding the seeker stood. On her stow +he ere was living with dear wife and lovesome daughter that then over +land and seafloor nine years had long outwandered. Once her in +townhithe meeting he to her bow had not doffed. Her to forgive now he +craved with good ground of her allowed that that of him swiftseen face, +hers, so young then had looked. Light swift her eyes kindled, bloom of +blushes his word winning. + +As her eyes then ongot his weeds swart therefor sorrow she feared. Glad +after she was that ere adread was. Her he asked if O’Hare Doctor +tidings sent from far coast and she with grameful sigh him answered +that O’Hare Doctor in heaven was. Sad was the man that word to hear +that him so heavied in bowels ruthful. All she there told him, ruing +death for friend so young, algate sore unwilling God’s rightwiseness to +withsay. She said that he had a fair sweet death through God His +goodness with masspriest to be shriven, holy housel and sick men’s oil +to his limbs. The man then right earnest asked the nun of which death +the dead man was died and the nun answered him and said that he was +died in Mona Island through bellycrab three year agone come Childermas +and she prayed to God the Allruthful to have his dear soul in his +undeathliness. He heard her sad words, in held hat sad staring. So +stood they there both awhile in wanhope sorrowing one with other. + +Therefore, everyman, look to that last end that is thy death and the +dust that gripeth on every man that is born of woman for as he came +naked forth from his mother’s womb so naked shall he wend him at the +last for to go as he came. + +The man that was come in to the house then spoke to the nursingwoman +and he asked her how it fared with the woman that lay there in +childbed. The nursingwoman answered him and said that that woman was in +throes now full three days and that it would be a hard birth unneth to +bear but that now in a little it would be. She said thereto that she +had seen many births of women but never was none so hard as was that +woman’s birth. Then she set it all forth to him for because she knew +the man that time was had lived nigh that house. The man hearkened to +her words for he felt with wonder women’s woe in the travail that they +have of motherhood and he wondered to look on her face that was a fair +face for any man to see but yet was she left after long years a +handmaid. Nine twelve bloodflows chiding her childless. + +And whiles they spake the door of the castle was opened and there +nighed them a mickle noise as of many that sat there at meat. And there +came against the place as they stood a young learningknight yclept +Dixon. And the traveller Leopold was couth to him sithen it had happed +that they had had ado each with other in the house of misericord where +this learningknight lay by cause the traveller Leopold came there to be +healed for he was sore wounded in his breast by a spear wherewith a +horrible and dreadful dragon was smitten him for which he did do make a +salve of volatile salt and chrism as much as he might suffice. And he +said now that he should go in to that castle for to make merry with +them that were there. And the traveller Leopold said that he should go +otherwhither for he was a man of cautels and a subtile. Also the lady +was of his avis and repreved the learningknight though she trowed well +that the traveller had said thing that was false for his subtility. But +the learningknight would not hear say nay nor do her mandement ne have +him in aught contrarious to his list and he said how it was a +marvellous castle. And the traveller Leopold went into the castle for +to rest him for a space being sore of limb after many marches +environing in divers lands and sometime venery. + +And in the castle was set a board that was of the birchwood of Finlandy +and it was upheld by four dwarfmen of that country but they durst not +move more for enchantment. And on this board were frightful swords and +knives that are made in a great cavern by swinking demons out of white +flames that they fix then in the horns of buffalos and stags that there +abound marvellously. And there were vessels that are wrought by magic +of Mahound out of seasand and the air by a warlock with his breath that +he blases in to them like to bubbles. And full fair cheer and rich was +on the board that no wight could devise a fuller ne richer. And there +was a vat of silver that was moved by craft to open in the which lay +strange fishes withouten heads though misbelieving men nie that this be +possible thing without they see it natheless they are so. And these +fishes lie in an oily water brought there from Portugal land because of +the fatness that therein is like to the juices of the olivepress. And +also it was a marvel to see in that castle how by magic they make a +compost out of fecund wheatkidneys out of Chaldee that by aid of +certain angry spirits that they do in to it swells up wondrously like +to a vast mountain. And they teach the serpents there to entwine +themselves up on long sticks out of the ground and of the scales of +these serpents they brew out a brewage like to mead. + +And the learning knight let pour for childe Leopold a draught and halp +thereto the while all they that were there drank every each. And childe +Leopold did up his beaver for to pleasure him and took apertly somewhat +in amity for he never drank no manner of mead which he then put by and +anon full privily he voided the more part in his neighbour glass and +his neighbour nist not of this wile. And he sat down in that castle +with them for to rest him there awhile. Thanked be Almighty God. + +This meanwhile this good sister stood by the door and begged them at +the reverence of Jesu our alther liege Lord to leave their wassailing +for there was above one quick with child, a gentle dame, whose time +hied fast. Sir Leopold heard on the upfloor cry on high and he wondered +what cry that it was whether of child or woman and I marvel, said he, +that it be not come or now. Meseems it dureth overlong. And he was ware +and saw a franklin that hight Lenehan on that side the table that was +older than any of the tother and for that they both were knights +virtuous in the one emprise and eke by cause that he was elder he spoke +to him full gently. But, said he, or it be long too she will bring +forth by God His bounty and have joy of her childing for she hath +waited marvellous long. And the franklin that had drunken said, +Expecting each moment to be her next. Also he took the cup that stood +tofore him for him needed never none asking nor desiring of him to +drink and, Now drink, said he, fully delectably, and he quaffed as far +as he might to their both’s health for he was a passing good man of his +lustiness. And sir Leopold that was the goodliest guest that ever sat +in scholars’ hall and that was the meekest man and the kindest that +ever laid husbandly hand under hen and that was the very truest knight +of the world one that ever did minion service to lady gentle pledged +him courtly in the cup. Woman’s woe with wonder pondering. + +Now let us speak of that fellowship that was there to the intent to be +drunken an they might. There was a sort of scholars along either side +the board, that is to wit, Dixon yclept junior of saint Mary +Merciable’s with other his fellows Lynch and Madden, scholars of +medicine, and the franklin that hight Lenehan and one from Alba Longa, +one Crotthers, and young Stephen that had mien of a frere that was at +head of the board and Costello that men clepen Punch Costello all long +of a mastery of him erewhile gested (and of all them, reserved young +Stephen, he was the most drunken that demanded still of more mead) and +beside the meek sir Leopold. But on young Malachi they waited for that +he promised to have come and such as intended to no goodness said how +he had broke his avow. And sir Leopold sat with them for he bore fast +friendship to sir Simon and to this his son young Stephen and for that +his languor becalmed him there after longest wanderings insomuch as +they feasted him for that time in the honourablest manner. Ruth red +him, love led on with will to wander, loth to leave. + +For they were right witty scholars. And he heard their aresouns each +gen other as touching birth and righteousness, young Madden maintaining +that put such case it were hard the wife to die (for so it had fallen +out a matter of some year agone with a woman of Eblana in Horne’s house +that now was trespassed out of this world and the self night next +before her death all leeches and pothecaries had taken counsel of her +case). And they said farther she should live because in the beginning, +they said, the woman should bring forth in pain and wherefore they that +were of this imagination affirmed how young Madden had said truth for +he had conscience to let her die. And not few and of these was young +Lynch were in doubt that the world was now right evil governed as it +was never other howbeit the mean people believed it otherwise but the +law nor his judges did provide no remedy. A redress God grant. This was +scant said but all cried with one acclaim nay, by our Virgin Mother, +the wife should live and the babe to die. In colour whereof they waxed +hot upon that head what with argument and what for their drinking but +the franklin Lenehan was prompt each when to pour them ale so that at +the least way mirth might not lack. Then young Madden showed all the +whole affair and said how that she was dead and how for holy religion +sake by rede of palmer and bedesman and for a vow he had made to Saint +Ultan of Arbraccan her goodman husband would not let her death whereby +they were all wondrous grieved. To whom young Stephen had these words +following: Murmur, sirs, is eke oft among lay folk. Both babe and +parent now glorify their Maker, the one in limbo gloom, the other in +purgefire. But, gramercy, what of those Godpossibled souls that we +nightly impossibilise, which is the sin against the Holy Ghost, Very +God, Lord and Giver of Life? For, sirs, he said, our lust is brief. We +are means to those small creatures within us and nature has other ends +than we. Then said Dixon junior to Punch Costello wist he what ends. +But he had overmuch drunken and the best word he could have of him was +that he would ever dishonest a woman whoso she were or wife or maid or +leman if it so fortuned him to be delivered of his spleen of lustihead. +Whereat Crotthers of Alba Longa sang young Malachi’s praise of that +beast the unicorn how once in the millennium he cometh by his horn, the +other all this while, pricked forward with their jibes wherewith they +did malice him, witnessing all and several by saint Foutinus his +engines that he was able to do any manner of thing that lay in man to +do. Thereat laughed they all right jocundly only young Stephen and sir +Leopold which never durst laugh too open by reason of a strange humour +which he would not bewray and also for that he rued for her that bare +whoso she might be or wheresoever. Then spake young Stephen orgulous of +mother Church that would cast him out of her bosom, of law of canons, +of Lilith, patron of abortions, of bigness wrought by wind of seeds of +brightness or by potency of vampires mouth to mouth or, as Virgilius +saith, by the influence of the occident or by the reek of moonflower or +an she lie with a woman which her man has but lain with, _effectu +secuto_, or peradventure in her bath according to the opinions of +Averroes and Moses Maimonides. He said also how at the end of the +second month a human soul was infused and how in all our holy mother +foldeth ever souls for God’s greater glory whereas that earthly mother +which was but a dam to bear beastly should die by canon for so saith he +that holdeth the fisherman’s seal, even that blessed Peter on which +rock was holy church for all ages founded. All they bachelors then +asked of sir Leopold would he in like case so jeopard her person as +risk life to save life. A wariness of mind he would answer as fitted +all and, laying hand to jaw, he said dissembling, as his wont was, that +as it was informed him, who had ever loved the art of physic as might a +layman, and agreeing also with his experience of so seldomseen an +accident it was good for that mother Church belike at one blow had +birth and death pence and in such sort deliverly he scaped their +questions. That is truth, pardy, said Dixon, and, or I err, a pregnant +word. Which hearing young Stephen was a marvellous glad man and he +averred that he who stealeth from the poor lendeth to the Lord for he +was of a wild manner when he was drunken and that he was now in that +taking it appeared eftsoons. + +But sir Leopold was passing grave maugre his word by cause he still had +pity of the terrorcausing shrieking of shrill women in their labour and +as he was minded of his good lady Marion that had borne him an only +manchild which on his eleventh day on live had died and no man of art +could save so dark is destiny. And she was wondrous stricken of heart +for that evil hap and for his burial did him on a fair corselet of +lamb’s wool, the flower of the flock, lest he might perish utterly and +lie akeled (for it was then about the midst of the winter) and now sir +Leopold that had of his body no manchild for an heir looked upon him +his friend’s son and was shut up in sorrow for his forepassed happiness +and as sad as he was that him failed a son of such gentle courage (for +all accounted him of real parts) so grieved he also in no less measure +for young Stephen for that he lived riotously with those wastrels and +murdered his goods with whores. + +About that present time young Stephen filled all cups that stood empty +so as there remained but little mo if the prudenter had not shadowed +their approach from him that still plied it very busily who, praying +for the intentions of the sovereign pontiff, he gave them for a pledge +the vicar of Christ which also as he said is vicar of Bray. Now drink +we, quod he, of this mazer and quaff ye this mead which is not indeed +parcel of my body but my soul’s bodiment. Leave ye fraction of bread to +them that live by bread alone. Be not afeard neither for any want for +this will comfort more than the other will dismay. See ye here. And he +showed them glistering coins of the tribute and goldsmith notes the +worth of two pound nineteen shilling that he had, he said, for a song +which he writ. They all admired to see the foresaid riches in such +dearth of money as was herebefore. His words were then these as +followeth: Know all men, he said, time’s ruins build eternity’s +mansions. What means this? Desire’s wind blasts the thorntree but after +it becomes from a bramblebush to be a rose upon the rood of time. Mark +me now. In woman’s womb word is made flesh but in the spirit of the +maker all flesh that passes becomes the word that shall not pass away. +This is the postcreation. _Omnis caro ad te veniet_. No question but +her name is puissant who aventried the dear corse of our Agenbuyer, +Healer and Herd, our mighty mother and mother most venerable and +Bernardus saith aptly that She hath an _omnipotentiam deiparae +supplicem_, that is to wit, an almightiness of petition because she is +the second Eve and she won us, saith Augustine too, whereas that other, +our grandam, which we are linked up with by successive anastomosis of +navelcords sold us all, seed, breed and generation, for a penny pippin. +But here is the matter now. Or she knew him, that second I say, and was +but creature of her creature, _vergine madre, figlia di tuo figlio_, or +she knew him not and then stands she in the one denial or ignorancy +with Peter Piscator who lives in the house that Jack built and with +Joseph the joiner patron of the happy demise of all unhappy marriages, +_parceque M. Léo Taxil nous a dit que qui l’avait mise dans cette +fichue position c’était le sacré pigeon, ventre de Dieu! Entweder_ +transubstantiality _oder_ consubstantiality but in no case +subsubstantiality. And all cried out upon it for a very scurvy word. A +pregnancy without joy, he said, a birth without pangs, a body without +blemish, a belly without bigness. Let the lewd with faith and fervour +worship. With will will we withstand, withsay. + +Hereupon Punch Costello dinged with his fist upon the board and would +sing a bawdy catch _Staboo Stabella_ about a wench that was put in pod +of a jolly swashbuckler in Almany which he did straightways now attack: +_The first three months she was not well, Staboo,_ when here nurse +Quigley from the door angerly bid them hist ye should shame you nor was +it not meet as she remembered them being her mind was to have all +orderly against lord Andrew came for because she was jealous that no +gasteful turmoil might shorten the honour of her guard. It was an +ancient and a sad matron of a sedate look and christian walking, in +habit dun beseeming her megrims and wrinkled visage, nor did her +hortative want of it effect for incontinently Punch Costello was of +them all embraided and they reclaimed the churl with civil rudeness +some and shaked him with menace of blandishments others whiles they all +chode with him, a murrain seize the dolt, what a devil he would be at, +thou chuff, thou puny, thou got in peasestraw, thou losel, thou +chitterling, thou spawn of a rebel, thou dykedropt, thou abortion thou, +to shut up his drunken drool out of that like a curse of God ape, the +good sir Leopold that had for his cognisance the flower of quiet, +margerain gentle, advising also the time’s occasion as most sacred and +most worthy to be most sacred. In Horne’s house rest should reign. + +To be short this passage was scarce by when Master Dixon of Mary in +Eccles, goodly grinning, asked young Stephen what was the reason why he +had not cided to take friar’s vows and he answered him obedience in the +womb, chastity in the tomb but involuntary poverty all his days. Master +Lenehan at this made return that he had heard of those nefarious deeds +and how, as he heard hereof counted, he had besmirched the lily virtue +of a confiding female which was corruption of minors and they all +intershowed it too, waxing merry and toasting to his fathership. But he +said very entirely it was clean contrary to their suppose for he was +the eternal son and ever virgin. Thereat mirth grew in them the more +and they rehearsed to him his curious rite of wedlock for the disrobing +and deflowering of spouses, as the priests use in Madagascar island, +she to be in guise of white and saffron, her groom in white and grain, +with burning of nard and tapers, on a bridebed while clerks sung kyries +and the anthem _Ut novetur sexus omnis corporis mysterium_ till she was +there unmaided. He gave them then a much admirable hymen minim by those +delicate poets Master John Fletcher and Master Francis Beaumont that is +in their _Maid’s Tragedy_ that was writ for a like twining of lovers: +_To bed, to bed_ was the burden of it to be played with accompanable +concent upon the virginals. An exquisite dulcet epithalame of most +mollificative suadency for juveniles amatory whom the odoriferous +flambeaus of the paranymphs have escorted to the quadrupedal proscenium +of connubial communion. Well met they were, said Master Dixon, joyed, +but, harkee, young sir, better were they named Beau Mount and Lecher +for, by my troth, of such a mingling much might come. Young Stephen +said indeed to his best remembrance they had but the one doxy between +them and she of the stews to make shift with in delights amorous for +life ran very high in those days and the custom of the country approved +with it. Greater love than this, he said, no man hath that a man lay +down his wife for his friend. Go thou and do likewise. Thus, or words +to that effect, saith Zarathustra, sometime regius professor of French +letters to the university of Oxtail nor breathed there ever that man to +whom mankind was more beholden. Bring a stranger within thy tower it +will go hard but thou wilt have the secondbest bed. _Orate, fratres, +pro memetipso_. And all the people shall say, Amen. Remember, Erin, thy +generations and thy days of old, how thou settedst little by me and by +my word and broughtedst in a stranger to my gates to commit fornication +in my sight and to wax fat and kick like Jeshurum. Therefore hast thou +sinned against my light and hast made me, thy lord, to be the slave of +servants. Return, return, Clan Milly: forget me not, O Milesian. Why +hast thou done this abomination before me that thou didst spurn me for +a merchant of jalaps and didst deny me to the Roman and to the Indian +of dark speech with whom thy daughters did lie luxuriously? Look forth +now, my people, upon the land of behest, even from Horeb and from Nebo +and from Pisgah and from the Horns of Hatten unto a land flowing with +milk and money. But thou hast suckled me with a bitter milk: my moon +and my sun thou hast quenched for ever. And thou hast left me alone for +ever in the dark ways of my bitterness: and with a kiss of ashes hast +thou kissed my mouth. This tenebrosity of the interior, he proceeded to +say, hath not been illumined by the wit of the septuagint nor so much +as mentioned for the Orient from on high which brake hell’s gates +visited a darkness that was foraneous. Assuefaction minorates +atrocities (as Tully saith of his darling Stoics) and Hamlet his father +showeth the prince no blister of combustion. The adiaphane in the noon +of life is an Egypt’s plague which in the nights of prenativity and +postmortemity is their most proper _ubi_ and _quomodo_. And as the ends +and ultimates of all things accord in some mean and measure with their +inceptions and originals, that same multiplicit concordance which leads +forth growth from birth accomplishing by a retrogressive metamorphosis +that minishing and ablation towards the final which is agreeable unto +nature so is it with our subsolar being. The aged sisters draw us into +life: we wail, batten, sport, clip, clasp, sunder, dwindle, die: over +us dead they bend. First, saved from waters of old Nile, among +bulrushes, a bed of fasciated wattles: at last the cavity of a +mountain, an occulted sepulchre amid the conclamation of the hillcat +and the ossifrage. And as no man knows the ubicity of his tumulus nor +to what processes we shall thereby be ushered nor whether to Tophet or +to Edenville in the like way is all hidden when we would backward see +from what region of remoteness the whatness of our whoness hath fetched +his whenceness. + +Thereto Punch Costello roared out mainly _Etienne chanson_ but he +loudly bid them, lo, wisdom hath built herself a house, this vast +majestic longstablished vault, the crystal palace of the Creator, all +in applepie order, a penny for him who finds the pea. + + Behold the mansion reared by dedal Jack + See the malt stored in many a refluent sack, + In the proud cirque of Jackjohn’s bivouac. + +A black crack of noise in the street here, alack, bawled back. Loud on +left Thor thundered: in anger awful the hammerhurler. Came now the +storm that hist his heart. And Master Lynch bade him have a care to +flout and witwanton as the god self was angered for his hellprate and +paganry. And he that had erst challenged to be so doughty waxed wan as +they might all mark and shrank together and his pitch that was before +so haught uplift was now of a sudden quite plucked down and his heart +shook within the cage of his breast as he tasted the rumour of that +storm. Then did some mock and some jeer and Punch Costello fell hard +again to his yale which Master Lenehan vowed he would do after and he +was indeed but a word and a blow on any the least colour. But the +braggart boaster cried that an old Nobodaddy was in his cups it was +muchwhat indifferent and he would not lag behind his lead. But this was +only to dye his desperation as cowed he crouched in Horne’s hall. He +drank indeed at one draught to pluck up a heart of any grace for it +thundered long rumblingly over all the heavens so that Master Madden, +being godly certain whiles, knocked him on his ribs upon that crack of +doom and Master Bloom, at the braggart’s side, spoke to him calming +words to slumber his great fear, advertising how it was no other thing +but a hubbub noise that he heard, the discharge of fluid from the +thunderhead, look you, having taken place, and all of the order of a +natural phenomenon. + +But was young Boasthard’s fear vanquished by Calmer’s words? No, for he +had in his bosom a spike named Bitterness which could not by words be +done away. And was he then neither calm like the one nor godly like the +other? He was neither as much as he would have liked to be either. But +could he not have endeavoured to have found again as in his youth the +bottle Holiness that then he lived withal? Indeed no for Grace was not +there to find that bottle. Heard he then in that clap the voice of the +god Bringforth or, what Calmer said, a hubbub of Phenomenon? Heard? +Why, he could not but hear unless he had plugged him up the tube +Understanding (which he had not done). For through that tube he saw +that he was in the land of Phenomenon where he must for a certain one +day die as he was like the rest too a passing show. And would he not +accept to die like the rest and pass away? By no means would he though +he must nor would he make more shows according as men do with wives +which Phenomenon has commanded them to do by the book Law. Then wotted +he nought of that other land which is called Believe-on-Me, that is the +land of promise which behoves to the king Delightful and shall be for +ever where there is no death and no birth neither wiving nor mothering +at which all shall come as many as believe on it? Yes, Pious had told +him of that land and Chaste had pointed him to the way but the reason +was that in the way he fell in with a certain whore of an eyepleasing +exterior whose name, she said, is Bird-in-the-Hand and she beguiled him +wrongways from the true path by her flatteries that she said to him as, +Ho, you pretty man, turn aside hither and I will show you a brave +place, and she lay at him so flatteringly that she had him in her grot +which is named Two-in-the-Bush or, by some learned, Carnal +Concupiscence. + +This was it what all that company that sat there at commons in Manse of +Mothers the most lusted after and if they met with this whore +Bird-in-the-Hand (which was within all foul plagues, monsters and a +wicked devil) they would strain the last but they would make at her and +know her. For regarding Believe-on-Me they said it was nought else but +notion and they could conceive no thought of it for, first, +Two-in-the-Bush whither she ticed them was the very goodliest grot and +in it were four pillows on which were four tickets with these words +printed on them, Pickaback and Topsyturvy and Shameface and Cheek by +Jowl and, second, for that foul plague Allpox and the monsters they +cared not for them for Preservative had given them a stout shield of +oxengut and, third, that they might take no hurt neither from Offspring +that was that wicked devil by virtue of this same shield which was +named Killchild. So were they all in their blind fancy, Mr Cavil and Mr +Sometimes Godly, Mr Ape Swillale, Mr False Franklin, Mr Dainty Dixon, +Young Boasthard and Mr Cautious Calmer. Wherein, O wretched company, +were ye all deceived for that was the voice of the god that was in a +very grievous rage that he would presently lift his arm up and spill +their souls for their abuses and their spillings done by them +contrariwise to his word which forth to bring brenningly biddeth. + +So Thursday sixteenth June Patk. Dignam laid in clay of an apoplexy and +after hard drought, please God, rained, a bargeman coming in by water a +fifty mile or thereabout with turf saying the seed won’t sprout, fields +athirst, very sadcoloured and stunk mightily, the quags and tofts too. +Hard to breathe and all the young quicks clean consumed without +sprinkle this long while back as no man remembered to be without. The +rosy buds all gone brown and spread out blobs and on the hills nought +but dry flag and faggots that would catch at first fire. All the world +saying, for aught they knew, the big wind of last February a year that +did havoc the land so pitifully a small thing beside this barrenness. +But by and by, as said, this evening after sundown, the wind sitting in +the west, biggish swollen clouds to be seen as the night increased and +the weatherwise poring up at them and some sheet lightnings at first +and after, past ten of the clock, one great stroke with a long thunder +and in a brace of shakes all scamper pellmell within door for the +smoking shower, the men making shelter for their straws with a clout or +kerchief, womenfolk skipping off with kirtles catched up soon as the +pour came. In Ely place, Baggot street, Duke’s lawn, thence through +Merrion green up to Holles street a swash of water flowing that was +before bonedry and not one chair or coach or fiacre seen about but no +more crack after that first. Over against the Rt. Hon. Mr Justice +Fitzgibbon’s door (that is to sit with Mr Healy the lawyer upon the +college lands) Mal. Mulligan a gentleman’s gentleman that had but come +from Mr Moore’s the writer’s (that was a papish but is now, folk say, a +good Williamite) chanced against Alec. Bannon in a cut bob (which are +now in with dance cloaks of Kendal green) that was new got to town from +Mullingar with the stage where his coz and Mal M’s brother will stay a +month yet till Saint Swithin and asks what in the earth he does there, +he bound home and he to Andrew Horne’s being stayed for to crush a cup +of wine, so he said, but would tell him of a skittish heifer, big of +her age and beef to the heel, and all this while poured with rain and +so both together on to Horne’s. There Leop. Bloom of Crawford’s journal +sitting snug with a covey of wags, likely brangling fellows, Dixon +jun., scholar of my lady of Mercy’s, Vin. Lynch, a Scots fellow, Will. +Madden, T. Lenehan, very sad about a racer he fancied and Stephen D. +Leop. Bloom there for a languor he had but was now better, he having +dreamed tonight a strange fancy of his dame Mrs Moll with red slippers +on in a pair of Turkey trunks which is thought by those in ken to be +for a change and Mistress Purefoy there, that got in through pleading +her belly, and now on the stools, poor body, two days past her term, +the midwives sore put to it and can’t deliver, she queasy for a bowl of +riceslop that is a shrewd drier up of the insides and her breath very +heavy more than good and should be a bullyboy from the knocks, they +say, but God give her soon issue. ’Tis her ninth chick to live, I hear, +and Lady day bit off her last chick’s nails that was then a twelvemonth +and with other three all breastfed that died written out in a fair hand +in the king’s bible. Her hub fifty odd and a methodist but takes the +sacrament and is to be seen any fair sabbath with a pair of his boys +off Bullock harbour dapping on the sound with a heavybraked reel or in +a punt he has trailing for flounder and pollock and catches a fine bag, +I hear. In sum an infinite great fall of rain and all refreshed and +will much increase the harvest yet those in ken say after wind and +water fire shall come for a prognostication of Malachi’s almanac (and I +hear that Mr Russell has done a prophetical charm of the same gist out +of the Hindustanish for his farmer’s gazette) to have three things in +all but this a mere fetch without bottom of reason for old crones and +bairns yet sometimes they are found in the right guess with their +queerities no telling how. + +With this came up Lenehan to the feet of the table to say how the +letter was in that night’s gazette and he made a show to find it about +him (for he swore with an oath that he had been at pains about it) but +on Stephen’s persuasion he gave over the search and was bidden to sit +near by which he did mighty brisk. He was a kind of sport gentleman +that went for a merryandrew or honest pickle and what belonged of +women, horseflesh or hot scandal he had it pat. To tell the truth he +was mean in fortunes and for the most part hankered about the +coffeehouses and low taverns with crimps, ostlers, bookies, Paul’s men, +runners, flatcaps, waistcoateers, ladies of the bagnio and other rogues +of the game or with a chanceable catchpole or a tipstaff often at +nights till broad day of whom he picked up between his sackpossets much +loose gossip. He took his ordinary at a boilingcook’s and if he had but +gotten into him a mess of broken victuals or a platter of tripes with a +bare tester in his purse he could always bring himself off with his +tongue, some randy quip he had from a punk or whatnot that every +mother’s son of them would burst their sides. The other, Costello that +is, hearing this talk asked was it poetry or a tale. Faith, no, he +says, Frank (that was his name), ’tis all about Kerry cows that are to +be butchered along of the plague. But they can go hang, says he with a +wink, for me with their bully beef, a pox on it. There’s as good fish +in this tin as ever came out of it and very friendly he offered to take +of some salty sprats that stood by which he had eyed wishly in the +meantime and found the place which was indeed the chief design of his +embassy as he was sharpset. _Mort aux vaches_, says Frank then in the +French language that had been indentured to a brandyshipper that has a +winelodge in Bordeaux and he spoke French like a gentleman too. From a +child this Frank had been a donought that his father, a headborough, +who could ill keep him to school to learn his letters and the use of +the globes, matriculated at the university to study the mechanics but +he took the bit between his teeth like a raw colt and was more familiar +with the justiciary and the parish beadle than with his volumes. One +time he would be a playactor, then a sutler or a welsher, then nought +would keep him from the bearpit and the cocking main, then he was for +the ocean sea or to hoof it on the roads with the romany folk, +kidnapping a squire’s heir by favour of moonlight or fecking maids’ +linen or choking chicken behind a hedge. He had been off as many times +as a cat has lives and back again with naked pockets as many more to +his father the headborough who shed a pint of tears as often as he saw +him. What, says Mr Leopold with his hands across, that was earnest to +know the drift of it, will they slaughter all? I protest I saw them but +this day morning going to the Liverpool boats, says he. I can scarce +believe ’tis so bad, says he. And he had experience of the like brood +beasts and of springers, greasy hoggets and wether wool, having been +some years before actuary for Mr Joseph Cuffe, a worthy salesmaster +that drove his trade for live stock and meadow auctions hard by Mr +Gavin Low’s yard in Prussia street. I question with you there, says he. +More like ’tis the hoose or the timber tongue. Mr Stephen, a little +moved but very handsomely told him no such matter and that he had +dispatches from the emperor’s chief tailtickler thanking him for the +hospitality, that was sending over Doctor Rinderpest, the bestquoted +cowcatcher in all Muscovy, with a bolus or two of physic to take the +bull by the horns. Come, come, says Mr Vincent, plain dealing. He’ll +find himself on the horns of a dilemma if he meddles with a bull that’s +Irish, says he. Irish by name and irish by nature, says Mr Stephen, and +he sent the ale purling about, an Irish bull in an English chinashop. I +conceive you, says Mr Dixon. It is that same bull that was sent to our +island by farmer Nicholas, the bravest cattlebreeder of them all, with +an emerald ring in his nose. True for you, says Mr Vincent cross the +table, and a bullseye into the bargain, says he, and a plumper and a +portlier bull, says he, never shit on shamrock. He had horns galore, a +coat of cloth of gold and a sweet smoky breath coming out of his +nostrils so that the women of our island, leaving doughballs and +rollingpins, followed after him hanging his bulliness in daisychains. +What for that, says Mr Dixon, but before he came over farmer Nicholas +that was a eunuch had him properly gelded by a college of doctors who +were no better off than himself. So be off now, says he, and do all my +cousin german the lord Harry tells you and take a farmer’s blessing, +and with that he slapped his posteriors very soundly. But the slap and +the blessing stood him friend, says Mr Vincent, for to make up he +taught him a trick worth two of the other so that maid, wife, abbess +and widow to this day affirm that they would rather any time of the +month whisper in his ear in the dark of a cowhouse or get a lick on the +nape from his long holy tongue than lie with the finest strapping young +ravisher in the four fields of all Ireland. Another then put in his +word: And they dressed him, says he, in a point shift and petticoat +with a tippet and girdle and ruffles on his wrists and clipped his +forelock and rubbed him all over with spermacetic oil and built stables +for him at every turn of the road with a gold manger in each full of +the best hay in the market so that he could doss and dung to his +heart’s content. By this time the father of the faithful (for so they +called him) was grown so heavy that he could scarce walk to pasture. To +remedy which our cozening dames and damsels brought him his fodder in +their apronlaps and as soon as his belly was full he would rear up on +his hind quarters to show their ladyships a mystery and roar and bellow +out of him in bulls’ language and they all after him. Ay, says another, +and so pampered was he that he would suffer nought to grow in all the +land but green grass for himself (for that was the only colour to his +mind) and there was a board put up on a hillock in the middle of the +island with a printed notice, saying: By the Lord Harry, Green is the +grass that grows on the ground. And, says Mr Dixon, if ever he got +scent of a cattleraider in Roscommon or the wilds of Connemara or a +husbandman in Sligo that was sowing as much as a handful of mustard or +a bag of rapeseed out he’d run amok over half the countryside rooting +up with his horns whatever was planted and all by lord Harry’s orders. +There was bad blood between them at first, says Mr Vincent, and the +lord Harry called farmer Nicholas all the old Nicks in the world and an +old whoremaster that kept seven trulls in his house and I’ll meddle in +his matters, says he. I’ll make that animal smell hell, says he, with +the help of that good pizzle my father left me. But one evening, says +Mr Dixon, when the lord Harry was cleaning his royal pelt to go to +dinner after winning a boatrace (he had spade oars for himself but the +first rule of the course was that the others were to row with +pitchforks) he discovered in himself a wonderful likeness to a bull and +on picking up a blackthumbed chapbook that he kept in the pantry he +found sure enough that he was a lefthanded descendant of the famous +champion bull of the Romans, _Bos Bovum_, which is good bog Latin for +boss of the show. After that, says Mr Vincent, the lord Harry put his +head into a cow’s drinkingtrough in the presence of all his courtiers +and pulling it out again told them all his new name. Then, with the +water running off him, he got into an old smock and skirt that had +belonged to his grandmother and bought a grammar of the bulls’ language +to study but he could never learn a word of it except the first +personal pronoun which he copied out big and got off by heart and if +ever he went out for a walk he filled his pockets with chalk to write +it upon what took his fancy, the side of a rock or a teahouse table or +a bale of cotton or a corkfloat. In short, he and the bull of Ireland +were soon as fast friends as an arse and a shirt. They were, says Mr +Stephen, and the end was that the men of the island seeing no help was +toward, as the ungrate women were all of one mind, made a wherry raft, +loaded themselves and their bundles of chattels on shipboard, set all +masts erect, manned the yards, sprang their luff, heaved to, spread +three sheets in the wind, put her head between wind and water, weighed +anchor, ported her helm, ran up the jolly Roger, gave three times +three, let the bullgine run, pushed off in their bumboat and put to sea +to recover the main of America. Which was the occasion, says Mr +Vincent, of the composing by a boatswain of that rollicking chanty: + +_—Pope Peter’s but a pissabed. + +A man’s a man for a’ that._ + +Our worthy acquaintance Mr Malachi Mulligan now appeared in the doorway +as the students were finishing their apologue accompanied with a friend +whom he had just rencountered, a young gentleman, his name Alec Bannon, +who had late come to town, it being his intention to buy a colour or a +cornetcy in the fencibles and list for the wars. Mr Mulligan was civil +enough to express some relish of it all the more as it jumped with a +project of his own for the cure of the very evil that had been touched +on. Whereat he handed round to the company a set of pasteboard cards +which he had had printed that day at Mr Quinnell’s bearing a legend +printed in fair italics: _Mr Malachi Mulligan. Fertiliser and +Incubator. Lambay Island_. His project, as he went on to expound, was +to withdraw from the round of idle pleasures such as form the chief +business of sir Fopling Popinjay and sir Milksop Quidnunc in town and +to devote himself to the noblest task for which our bodily organism has +been framed. Well, let us hear of it, good my friend, said Mr Dixon. I +make no doubt it smacks of wenching. Come, be seated, both. ’Tis as +cheap sitting as standing. Mr Mulligan accepted of the invitation and, +expatiating upon his design, told his hearers that he had been led into +this thought by a consideration of the causes of sterility, both the +inhibitory and the prohibitory, whether the inhibition in its turn were +due to conjugal vexations or to a parsimony of the balance as well as +whether the prohibition proceeded from defects congenital or from +proclivities acquired. It grieved him plaguily, he said, to see the +nuptial couch defrauded of its dearest pledges: and to reflect upon so +many agreeable females with rich jointures, a prey to the vilest +bonzes, who hide their flambeau under a bushel in an uncongenial +cloister or lose their womanly bloom in the embraces of some +unaccountable muskin when they might multiply the inlets of happiness, +sacrificing the inestimable jewel of their sex when a hundred pretty +fellows were at hand to caress, this, he assured them, made his heart +weep. To curb this inconvenient (which he concluded due to a +suppression of latent heat), having advised with certain counsellors of +worth and inspected into this matter, he had resolved to purchase in +fee simple for ever the freehold of Lambay island from its holder, lord +Talbot de Malahide, a Tory gentleman of note much in favour with our +ascendancy party. He proposed to set up there a national fertilising +farm to be named _Omphalos_ with an obelisk hewn and erected after the +fashion of Egypt and to offer his dutiful yeoman services for the +fecundation of any female of what grade of life soever who should there +direct to him with the desire of fulfilling the functions of her +natural. Money was no object, he said, nor would he take a penny for +his pains. The poorest kitchenwench no less than the opulent lady of +fashion, if so be their constructions and their tempers were warm +persuaders for their petitions, would find in him their man. For his +nutriment he shewed how he would feed himself exclusively upon a diet +of savoury tubercles and fish and coneys there, the flesh of these +latter prolific rodents being highly recommended for his purpose, both +broiled and stewed with a blade of mace and a pod or two of capsicum +chillies. After this homily which he delivered with much warmth of +asseveration Mr Mulligan in a trice put off from his hat a kerchief +with which he had shielded it. They both, it seems, had been overtaken +by the rain and for all their mending their pace had taken water, as +might be observed by Mr Mulligan’s smallclothes of a hodden grey which +was now somewhat piebald. His project meanwhile was very favourably +entertained by his auditors and won hearty eulogies from all though Mr +Dixon of Mary’s excepted to it, asking with a finicking air did he +purpose also to carry coals to Newcastle. Mr Mulligan however made +court to the scholarly by an apt quotation from the classics which, as +it dwelt upon his memory, seemed to him a sound and tasteful support of +his contention: _Talis ac tanta depravatio hujus seculi, O quirites, ut +matresfamiliarum nostrae lascivas cujuslibet semiviri libici +titillationes testibus ponderosis atque excelsis erectionibus +centurionum Romanorum magnopere anteponunt_, while for those of ruder +wit he drove home his point by analogies of the animal kingdom more +suitable to their stomach, the buck and doe of the forest glade, the +farmyard drake and duck. + +Valuing himself not a little upon his elegance, being indeed a proper +man of person, this talkative now applied himself to his dress with +animadversions of some heat upon the sudden whimsy of the atmospherics +while the company lavished their encomiums upon the project he had +advanced. The young gentleman, his friend, overjoyed as he was at a +passage that had late befallen him, could not forbear to tell it his +nearest neighbour. Mr Mulligan, now perceiving the table, asked for +whom were those loaves and fishes and, seeing the stranger, he made him +a civil bow and said, Pray, sir, was you in need of any professional +assistance we could give? Who, upon his offer, thanked him very +heartily, though preserving his proper distance, and replied that he +was come there about a lady, now an inmate of Horne’s house, that was +in an interesting condition, poor body, from woman’s woe (and here he +fetched a deep sigh) to know if her happiness had yet taken place. Mr +Dixon, to turn the table, took on to ask of Mr Mulligan himself whether +his incipient ventripotence, upon which he rallied him, betokened an +ovoblastic gestation in the prostatic utricle or male womb or was due, +as with the noted physician, Mr Austin Meldon, to a wolf in the +stomach. For answer Mr Mulligan, in a gale of laughter at his smalls, +smote himself bravely below the diaphragm, exclaiming with an admirable +droll mimic of Mother Grogan (the most excellent creature of her sex +though ’tis pity she’s a trollop): There’s a belly that never bore a +bastard. This was so happy a conceit that it renewed the storm of mirth +and threw the whole room into the most violent agitations of delight. +The spry rattle had run on in the same vein of mimicry but for some +larum in the antechamber. + +Here the listener who was none other than the Scotch student, a little +fume of a fellow, blond as tow, congratulated in the liveliest fashion +with the young gentleman and, interrupting the narrative at a salient +point, having desired his visavis with a polite beck to have the +obligingness to pass him a flagon of cordial waters at the same time by +a questioning poise of the head (a whole century of polite breeding had +not achieved so nice a gesture) to which was united an equivalent but +contrary balance of the bottle asked the narrator as plainly as was +ever done in words if he might treat him with a cup of it. _Mais bien +sûr_, noble stranger, said he cheerily, _et mille compliments_. That +you may and very opportunely. There wanted nothing but this cup to +crown my felicity. But, gracious heaven, was I left with but a crust in +my wallet and a cupful of water from the well, my God, I would accept +of them and find it in my heart to kneel down upon the ground and give +thanks to the powers above for the happiness vouchsafed me by the Giver +of good things. With these words he approached the goblet to his lips, +took a complacent draught of the cordial, slicked his hair and, opening +his bosom, out popped a locket that hung from a silk riband, that very +picture which he had cherished ever since her hand had wrote therein. +Gazing upon those features with a world of tenderness, Ah, Monsieur, he +said, had you but beheld her as I did with these eyes at that affecting +instant with her dainty tucker and her new coquette cap (a gift for her +feastday as she told me prettily) in such an artless disorder, of so +melting a tenderness, ’pon my conscience, even you, Monsieur, had been +impelled by generous nature to deliver yourself wholly into the hands +of such an enemy or to quit the field for ever. I declare, I was never +so touched in all my life. God, I thank thee, as the Author of my days! +Thrice happy will he be whom so amiable a creature will bless with her +favours. A sigh of affection gave eloquence to these words and, having +replaced the locket in his bosom, he wiped his eye and sighed again. +Beneficent Disseminator of blessings to all Thy creatures, how great +and universal must be that sweetest of Thy tyrannies which can hold in +thrall the free and the bond, the simple swain and the polished +coxcomb, the lover in the heyday of reckless passion and the husband of +maturer years. But indeed, sir, I wander from the point. How mingled +and imperfect are all our sublunary joys. Maledicity! he exclaimed in +anguish. Would to God that foresight had but remembered me to take my +cloak along! I could weep to think of it. Then, though it had poured +seven showers, we were neither of us a penny the worse. But beshrew me, +he cried, clapping hand to his forehead, tomorrow will be a new day +and, thousand thunders, I know of a _marchand de capotes_, Monsieur +Poyntz, from whom I can have for a _livre_ as snug a cloak of the +French fashion as ever kept a lady from wetting. Tut, tut! cries Le +Fécondateur, tripping in, my friend Monsieur Moore, that most +accomplished traveller (I have just cracked a half bottle _avec lui_ in +a circle of the best wits of the town), is my authority that in Cape +Horn, _ventre biche_, they have a rain that will wet through any, even +the stoutest cloak. A drenching of that violence, he tells me, _sans +blague_, has sent more than one luckless fellow in good earnest +posthaste to another world. Pooh! A _livre!_ cries Monsieur Lynch. The +clumsy things are dear at a sou. One umbrella, were it no bigger than a +fairy mushroom, is worth ten such stopgaps. No woman of any wit would +wear one. My dear Kitty told me today that she would dance in a deluge +before ever she would starve in such an ark of salvation for, as she +reminded me (blushing piquantly and whispering in my ear though there +was none to snap her words but giddy butterflies), dame Nature, by the +divine blessing, has implanted it in our hearts and it has become a +household word that _il y a deux choses_ for which the innocence of our +original garb, in other circumstances a breach of the proprieties, is +the fittest, nay, the only garment. The first, said she (and here my +pretty philosopher, as I handed her to her tilbury, to fix my +attention, gently tipped with her tongue the outer chamber of my ear), +the first is a bath... But at this point a bell tinkling in the hall +cut short a discourse which promised so bravely for the enrichment of +our store of knowledge. + +Amid the general vacant hilarity of the assembly a bell rang and, while +all were conjecturing what might be the cause, Miss Callan entered and, +having spoken a few words in a low tone to young Mr Dixon, retired with +a profound bow to the company. The presence even for a moment among a +party of debauchees of a woman endued with every quality of modesty and +not less severe than beautiful refrained the humourous sallies even of +the most licentious but her departure was the signal for an outbreak of +ribaldry. Strike me silly, said Costello, a low fellow who was fuddled. +A monstrous fine bit of cowflesh! I’ll be sworn she has rendezvoused +you. What, you dog? Have you a way with them? Gad’s bud, immensely so, +said Mr Lynch. The bedside manner it is that they use in the Mater +hospice. Demme, does not Doctor O’Gargle chuck the nuns there under the +chin. As I look to be saved I had it from my Kitty who has been +wardmaid there any time these seven months. Lawksamercy, doctor, cried +the young blood in the primrose vest, feigning a womanish simper and +with immodest squirmings of his body, how you do tease a body! Drat the +man! Bless me, I’m all of a wibbly wobbly. Why, you’re as bad as dear +little Father Cantekissem, that you are! May this pot of four half +choke me, cried Costello, if she aint in the family way. I knows a lady +what’s got a white swelling quick as I claps eyes on her. The young +surgeon, however, rose and begged the company to excuse his retreat as +the nurse had just then informed him that he was needed in the ward. +Merciful providence had been pleased to put a period to the sufferings +of the lady who was _enceinte_ which she had borne with a laudable +fortitude and she had given birth to a bouncing boy. I want patience, +said he, with those who, without wit to enliven or learning to +instruct, revile an ennobling profession which, saving the reverence +due to the Deity, is the greatest power for happiness upon the earth. I +am positive when I say that if need were I could produce a cloud of +witnesses to the excellence of her noble exercitations which, so far +from being a byword, should be a glorious incentive in the human +breast. I cannot away with them. What? Malign such an one, the amiable +Miss Callan, who is the lustre of her own sex and the astonishment of +ours? And at an instant the most momentous that can befall a puny child +of clay? Perish the thought! I shudder to think of the future of a race +where the seeds of such malice have been sown and where no right +reverence is rendered to mother and maid in house of Horne. Having +delivered himself of this rebuke he saluted those present on the by and +repaired to the door. A murmur of approval arose from all and some were +for ejecting the low soaker without more ado, a design which would have +been effected nor would he have received more than his bare deserts had +he not abridged his transgression by affirming with a horrid +imprecation (for he swore a round hand) that he was as good a son of +the true fold as ever drew breath. Stap my vitals, said he, them was +always the sentiments of honest Frank Costello which I was bred up most +particular to honour thy father and thy mother that had the best hand +to a rolypoly or a hasty pudding as you ever see what I always looks +back on with a loving heart. + +To revert to Mr Bloom who, after his first entry, had been conscious of +some impudent mocks which he however had borne with as being the fruits +of that age upon which it is commonly charged that it knows not pity. +The young sparks, it is true, were as full of extravagancies as +overgrown children: the words of their tumultuary discussions were +difficultly understood and not often nice: their testiness and +outrageous _mots_ were such that his intellects resiled from: nor were +they scrupulously sensible of the proprieties though their fund of +strong animal spirits spoke in their behalf. But the word of Mr +Costello was an unwelcome language for him for he nauseated the wretch +that seemed to him a cropeared creature of a misshapen gibbosity, born +out of wedlock and thrust like a crookback toothed and feet first into +the world, which the dint of the surgeon’s pliers in his skull lent +indeed a colour to, so as to put him in thought of that missing link of +creation’s chain desiderated by the late ingenious Mr Darwin. It was +now for more than the middle span of our allotted years that he had +passed through the thousand vicissitudes of existence and, being of a +wary ascendancy and self a man of rare forecast, he had enjoined his +heart to repress all motions of a rising choler and, by intercepting +them with the readiest precaution, foster within his breast that +plenitude of sufferance which base minds jeer at, rash judgers scorn +and all find tolerable and but tolerable. To those who create +themselves wits at the cost of feminine delicacy (a habit of mind which +he never did hold with) to them he would concede neither to bear the +name nor to herit the tradition of a proper breeding: while for such +that, having lost all forbearance, can lose no more, there remained the +sharp antidote of experience to cause their insolency to beat a +precipitate and inglorious retreat. Not but what he could feel with +mettlesome youth which, caring nought for the mows of dotards or the +gruntlings of the severe, is ever (as the chaste fancy of the Holy +Writer expresses it) for eating of the tree forbid it yet not so far +forth as to pretermit humanity upon any condition soever towards a +gentlewoman when she was about her lawful occasions. To conclude, while +from the sister’s words he had reckoned upon a speedy delivery he was, +however, it must be owned, not a little alleviated by the intelligence +that the issue so auspicated after an ordeal of such duress now +testified once more to the mercy as well as to the bounty of the +Supreme Being. + +Accordingly he broke his mind to his neighbour, saying that, to express +his notion of the thing, his opinion (who ought not perchance to +express one) was that one must have a cold constitution and a frigid +genius not to be rejoiced by this freshest news of the fruition of her +confinement since she had been in such pain through no fault of hers. +The dressy young blade said it was her husband’s that put her in that +expectation or at least it ought to be unless she were another Ephesian +matron. I must acquaint you, said Mr Crotthers, clapping on the table +so as to evoke a resonant comment of emphasis, old Glory Allelujurum +was round again today, an elderly man with dundrearies, preferring +through his nose a request to have word of Wilhelmina, my life, as he +calls her. I bade him hold himself in readiness for that the event +would burst anon. ’Slife, I’ll be round with you. I cannot but extol +the virile potency of the old bucko that could still knock another +child out of her. All fell to praising of it, each after his own +fashion, though the same young blade held with his former view that +another than her conjugial had been the man in the gap, a clerk in +orders, a linkboy (virtuous) or an itinerant vendor of articles needed +in every household. Singular, communed the guest with himself, the +wonderfully unequal faculty of metempsychosis possessed by them, that +the puerperal dormitory and the dissecting theatre should be the +seminaries of such frivolity, that the mere acquisition of academic +titles should suffice to transform in a pinch of time these votaries of +levity into exemplary practitioners of an art which most men anywise +eminent have esteemed the noblest. But, he further added, it is mayhap +to relieve the pentup feelings that in common oppress them for I have +more than once observed that birds of a feather laugh together. + +But with what fitness, let it be asked of the noble lord, his patron, +has this alien, whom the concession of a gracious prince has admitted +to civic rights, constituted himself the lord paramount of our internal +polity? Where is now that gratitude which loyalty should have +counselled? During the recent war whenever the enemy had a temporary +advantage with his granados did this traitor to his kind not seize that +moment to discharge his piece against the empire of which he is a +tenant at will while he trembled for the security of his four per +cents? Has he forgotten this as he forgets all benefits received? Or is +it that from being a deluder of others he has become at last his own +dupe as he is, if report belie him not, his own and his only enjoyer? +Far be it from candour to violate the bedchamber of a respectable lady, +the daughter of a gallant major, or to cast the most distant +reflections upon her virtue but if he challenges attention there (as it +was indeed highly his interest not to have done) then be it so. Unhappy +woman, she has been too long and too persistently denied her legitimate +prerogative to listen to his objurgations with any other feeling than +the derision of the desperate. He says this, a censor of morals, a very +pelican in his piety, who did not scruple, oblivious of the ties of +nature, to attempt illicit intercourse with a female domestic drawn +from the lowest strata of society! Nay, had the hussy’s scouringbrush +not been her tutelary angel, it had gone with her as hard as with +Hagar, the Egyptian! In the question of the grazing lands his peevish +asperity is notorious and in Mr Cuffe’s hearing brought upon him from +an indignant rancher a scathing retort couched in terms as +straightforward as they were bucolic. It ill becomes him to preach that +gospel. Has he not nearer home a seedfield that lies fallow for the +want of the ploughshare? A habit reprehensible at puberty is second +nature and an opprobrium in middle life. If he must dispense his balm +of Gilead in nostrums and apothegms of dubious taste to restore to +health a generation of unfledged profligates let his practice consist +better with the doctrines that now engross him. His marital breast is +the repository of secrets which decorum is reluctant to adduce. The +lewd suggestions of some faded beauty may console him for a consort +neglected and debauched but this new exponent of morals and healer of +ills is at his best an exotic tree which, when rooted in its native +orient, throve and flourished and was abundant in balm but, +transplanted to a clime more temperate, its roots have lost their +quondam vigour while the stuff that comes away from it is stagnant, +acid and inoperative. + +The news was imparted with a circumspection recalling the ceremonial +usage of the Sublime Porte by the second female infirmarian to the +junior medical officer in residence, who in his turn announced to the +delegation that an heir had been born. When he had betaken himself to +the women’s apartment to assist at the prescribed ceremony of the +afterbirth in the presence of the secretary of state for domestic +affairs and the members of the privy council, silent in unanimous +exhaustion and approbation the delegates, chafing under the length and +solemnity of their vigil and hoping that the joyful occurrence would +palliate a licence which the simultaneous absence of abigail and +obstetrician rendered the easier, broke out at once into a strife of +tongues. In vain the voice of Mr Canvasser Bloom was heard endeavouring +to urge, to mollify, to refrain. The moment was too propitious for the +display of that discursiveness which seemed the only bond of union +among tempers so divergent. Every phase of the situation was +successively eviscerated: the prenatal repugnance of uterine brothers, +the Caesarean section, posthumity with respect to the father and, that +rarer form, with respect to the mother, the fratricidal case known as +the Childs Murder and rendered memorable by the impassioned plea of Mr +Advocate Bushe which secured the acquittal of the wrongfully accused, +the rights of primogeniture and king’s bounty touching twins and +triplets, miscarriages and infanticides, simulated or dissimulated, the +acardiac _foetus in foetu_ and aprosopia due to a congestion, the +agnathia of certain chinless Chinamen (cited by Mr Candidate Mulligan) +in consequence of defective reunion of the maxillary knobs along the +medial line so that (as he said) one ear could hear what the other +spoke, the benefits of anesthesia or twilight sleep, the prolongation +of labour pains in advanced gravidancy by reason of pressure on the +vein, the premature relentment of the amniotic fluid (as exemplified in +the actual case) with consequent peril of sepsis to the matrix, +artificial insemination by means of syringes, involution of the womb +consequent upon the menopause, the problem of the perpetration of the +species in the case of females impregnated by delinquent rape, that +distressing manner of delivery called by the Brandenburghers +_Sturzgeburt,_ the recorded instances of multiseminal, twikindled and +monstrous births conceived during the catamenic period or of +consanguineous parents—in a word all the cases of human nativity which +Aristotle has classified in his masterpiece with chromolithographic +illustrations. The gravest problems of obstetrics and forensic medicine +were examined with as much animation as the most popular beliefs on the +state of pregnancy such as the forbidding to a gravid woman to step +over a countrystile lest, by her movement, the navelcord should +strangle her creature and the injunction upon her in the event of a +yearning, ardently and ineffectually entertained, to place her hand +against that part of her person which long usage has consecrated as the +seat of castigation. The abnormalities of harelip, breastmole, +supernumerary digits, negro’s inkle, strawberry mark and portwine stain +were alleged by one as a _prima facie_ and natural hypothetical +explanation of those swineheaded (the case of Madame Grissel Steevens +was not forgotten) or doghaired infants occasionally born. The +hypothesis of a plasmic memory, advanced by the Caledonian envoy and +worthy of the metaphysical traditions of the land he stood for, +envisaged in such cases an arrest of embryonic development at some +stage antecedent to the human. An outlandish delegate sustained against +both these views, with such heat as almost carried conviction, the +theory of copulation between women and the males of brutes, his +authority being his own avouchment in support of fables such as that of +the Minotaur which the genius of the elegant Latin poet has handed down +to us in the pages of his Metamorphoses. The impression made by his +words was immediate but shortlived. It was effaced as easily as it had +been evoked by an allocution from Mr Candidate Mulligan in that vein of +pleasantry which none better than he knew how to affect, postulating as +the supremest object of desire a nice clean old man. Contemporaneously, +a heated argument having arisen between Mr Delegate Madden and Mr +Candidate Lynch regarding the juridical and theological dilemma created +in the event of one Siamese twin predeceasing the other, the difficulty +by mutual consent was referred to Mr Canvasser Bloom for instant +submittal to Mr Coadjutor Deacon Dedalus. Hitherto silent, whether the +better to show by preternatural gravity that curious dignity of the +garb with which he was invested or in obedience to an inward voice, he +delivered briefly and, as some thought, perfunctorily the +ecclesiastical ordinance forbidding man to put asunder what God has +joined. + +But Malachias’ tale began to freeze them with horror. He conjured up +the scene before them. The secret panel beside the chimney slid back +and in the recess appeared... Haines! Which of us did not feel his +flesh creep! He had a portfolio full of Celtic literature in one hand, +in the other a phial marked _Poison._ Surprise, horror, loathing were +depicted on all faces while he eyed them with a ghostly grin. I +anticipated some such reception, he began with an eldritch laugh, for +which, it seems, history is to blame. Yes, it is true. I am the +murderer of Samuel Childs. And how I am punished! The inferno has no +terrors for me. This is the appearance is on me. Tare and ages, what +way would I be resting at all, he muttered thickly, and I tramping +Dublin this while back with my share of songs and himself after me the +like of a soulth or a bullawurrus? My hell, and Ireland’s, is in this +life. It is what I tried to obliterate my crime. Distractions, +rookshooting, the Erse language (he recited some), laudanum (he raised +the phial to his lips), camping out. In vain! His spectre stalks me. +Dope is my only hope... Ah! Destruction! The black panther! With a cry +he suddenly vanished and the panel slid back. An instant later his head +appeared in the door opposite and said: Meet me at Westland Row station +at ten past eleven. He was gone. Tears gushed from the eyes of the +dissipated host. The seer raised his hand to heaven, murmuring: The +vendetta of Mananaun! The sage repeated: _Lex talionis_. The +sentimentalist is he who would enjoy without incurring the immense +debtorship for a thing done. Malachias, overcome by emotion, ceased. +The mystery was unveiled. Haines was the third brother. His real name +was Childs. The black panther was himself the ghost of his own father. +He drank drugs to obliterate. For this relief much thanks. The lonely +house by the graveyard is uninhabited. No soul will live there. The +spider pitches her web in the solitude. The nocturnal rat peers from +his hole. A curse is on it. It is haunted. Murderer’s ground. + +What is the age of the soul of man? As she hath the virtue of the +chameleon to change her hue at every new approach, to be gay with the +merry and mournful with the downcast, so too is her age changeable as +her mood. No longer is Leopold, as he sits there, ruminating, chewing +the cud of reminiscence, that staid agent of publicity and holder of a +modest substance in the funds. A score of years are blown away. He is +young Leopold. There, as in a retrospective arrangement, a mirror +within a mirror (hey, presto!), he beholdeth himself. That young figure +of then is seen, precociously manly, walking on a nipping morning from +the old house in Clanbrassil street to the high school, his booksatchel +on him bandolierwise, and in it a goodly hunk of wheaten loaf, a +mother’s thought. Or it is the same figure, a year or so gone over, in +his first hard hat (ah, that was a day!), already on the road, a +fullfledged traveller for the family firm, equipped with an orderbook, +a scented handkerchief (not for show only), his case of bright +trinketware (alas! a thing now of the past!) and a quiverful of +compliant smiles for this or that halfwon housewife reckoning it out +upon her fingertips or for a budding virgin, shyly acknowledging (but +the heart? tell me!) his studied baisemoins. The scent, the smile, but, +more than these, the dark eyes and oleaginous address, brought home at +duskfall many a commission to the head of the firm, seated with Jacob’s +pipe after like labours in the paternal ingle (a meal of noodles, you +may be sure, is aheating), reading through round horned spectacles some +paper from the Europe of a month before. But hey, presto, the mirror is +breathed on and the young knighterrant recedes, shrivels, dwindles to a +tiny speck within the mist. Now he is himself paternal and these about +him might be his sons. Who can say? The wise father knows his own +child. He thinks of a drizzling night in Hatch street, hard by the +bonded stores there, the first. Together (she is a poor waif, a child +of shame, yours and mine and of all for a bare shilling and her +luckpenny), together they hear the heavy tread of the watch as two +raincaped shadows pass the new royal university. Bridie! Bridie Kelly! +He will never forget the name, ever remember the night: first night, +the bridenight. They are entwined in nethermost darkness, the willer +with the willed, and in an instant (_fiat!_) light shall flood the +world. Did heart leap to heart? Nay, fair reader. In a breath ’twas +done but—hold! Back! It must not be! In terror the poor girl flees away +through the murk. She is the bride of darkness, a daughter of night. +She dare not bear the sunnygolden babe of day. No, Leopold. Name and +memory solace thee not. That youthful illusion of thy strength was +taken from thee—and in vain. No son of thy loins is by thee. There is +none now to be for Leopold, what Leopold was for Rudolph. + +The voices blend and fuse in clouded silence: silence that is the +infinite of space: and swiftly, silently the soul is wafted over +regions of cycles of generations that have lived. A region where grey +twilight ever descends, never falls on wide sagegreen pasturefields, +shedding her dusk, scattering a perennial dew of stars. She follows her +mother with ungainly steps, a mare leading her fillyfoal. Twilight +phantoms are they, yet moulded in prophetic grace of structure, slim +shapely haunches, a supple tendonous neck, the meek apprehensive skull. +They fade, sad phantoms: all is gone. Agendath is a waste land, a home +of screechowls and the sandblind upupa. Netaim, the golden, is no more. +And on the highway of the clouds they come, muttering thunder of +rebellion, the ghosts of beasts. Huuh! Hark! Huuh! Parallax stalks +behind and goads them, the lancinating lightnings of whose brow are +scorpions. Elk and yak, the bulls of Bashan and of Babylon, mammoth and +mastodon, they come trooping to the sunken sea, _Lacus Mortis_. Ominous +revengeful zodiacal host! They moan, passing upon the clouds, horned +and capricorned, the trumpeted with the tusked, the lionmaned, the +giantantlered, snouter and crawler, rodent, ruminant and pachyderm, all +their moving moaning multitude, murderers of the sun. + +Onward to the dead sea they tramp to drink, unslaked and with horrible +gulpings, the salt somnolent inexhaustible flood. And the equine +portent grows again, magnified in the deserted heavens, nay to heaven’s +own magnitude, till it looms, vast, over the house of Virgo. And lo, +wonder of metempsychosis, it is she, the everlasting bride, harbinger +of the daystar, the bride, ever virgin. It is she, Martha, thou lost +one, Millicent, the young, the dear, the radiant. How serene does she +now arise, a queen among the Pleiades, in the penultimate antelucan +hour, shod in sandals of bright gold, coifed with a veil of what do you +call it gossamer. It floats, it flows about her starborn flesh and +loose it streams, emerald, sapphire, mauve and heliotrope, sustained on +currents of the cold interstellar wind, winding, coiling, simply +swirling, writhing in the skies a mysterious writing till, after a +myriad metamorphoses of symbol, it blazes, Alpha, a ruby and triangled +sign upon the forehead of Taurus. + +Francis was reminding Stephen of years before when they had been at +school together in Conmee’s time. He asked about Glaucon, Alcibiades, +Pisistratus. Where were they now? Neither knew. You have spoken of the +past and its phantoms, Stephen said. Why think of them? If I call them +into life across the waters of Lethe will not the poor ghosts troop to +my call? Who supposes it? I, Bous Stephanoumenos, bullockbefriending +bard, am lord and giver of their life. He encircled his gadding hair +with a coronal of vineleaves, smiling at Vincent. That answer and those +leaves, Vincent said to him, will adorn you more fitly when something +more, and greatly more, than a capful of light odes can call your +genius father. All who wish you well hope this for you. All desire to +see you bring forth the work you meditate, to acclaim you +Stephaneforos. I heartily wish you may not fail them. O no, Vincent +Lenehan said, laying a hand on the shoulder near him. Have no fear. He +could not leave his mother an orphan. The young man’s face grew dark. +All could see how hard it was for him to be reminded of his promise and +of his recent loss. He would have withdrawn from the feast had not the +noise of voices allayed the smart. Madden had lost five drachmas on +Sceptre for a whim of the rider’s name: Lenehan as much more. He told +them of the race. The flag fell and, huuh! off, scamper, the mare ran +out freshly with O. Madden up. She was leading the field. All hearts +were beating. Even Phyllis could not contain herself. She waved her +scarf and cried: Huzzah! Sceptre wins! But in the straight on the run +home when all were in close order the dark horse Throwaway drew level, +reached, outstripped her. All was lost now. Phyllis was silent: her +eyes were sad anemones. Juno, she cried, I am undone. But her lover +consoled her and brought her a bright casket of gold in which lay some +oval sugarplums which she partook. A tear fell: one only. A whacking +fine whip, said Lenehan, is W. Lane. Four winners yesterday and three +today. What rider is like him? Mount him on the camel or the boisterous +buffalo the victory in a hack canter is still his. But let us bear it +as was the ancient wont. Mercy on the luckless! Poor Sceptre! he said +with a light sigh. She is not the filly that she was. Never, by this +hand, shall we behold such another. By gad, sir, a queen of them. Do +you remember her, Vincent? I wish you could have seen my queen today, +Vincent said. How young she was and radiant (Lalage were scarce fair +beside her) in her yellow shoes and frock of muslin, I do not know the +right name of it. The chestnuts that shaded us were in bloom: the air +drooped with their persuasive odour and with pollen floating by us. In +the sunny patches one might easily have cooked on a stone a batch of +those buns with Corinth fruit in them that Periplipomenes sells in his +booth near the bridge. But she had nought for her teeth but the arm +with which I held her and in that she nibbled mischievously when I +pressed too close. A week ago she lay ill, four days on the couch, but +today she was free, blithe, mocked at peril. She is more taking then. +Her posies too! Mad romp that she is, she had pulled her fill as we +reclined together. And in your ear, my friend, you will not think who +met us as we left the field. Conmee himself! He was walking by the +hedge, reading, I think a brevier book with, I doubt not, a witty +letter in it from Glycera or Chloe to keep the page. The sweet creature +turned all colours in her confusion, feigning to reprove a slight +disorder in her dress: a slip of underwood clung there for the very +trees adore her. When Conmee had passed she glanced at her lovely echo +in that little mirror she carries. But he had been kind. In going by he +had blessed us. The gods too are ever kind, Lenehan said. If I had poor +luck with Bass’s mare perhaps this draught of his may serve me more +propensely. He was laying his hand upon a winejar: Malachi saw it and +withheld his act, pointing to the stranger and to the scarlet label. +Warily, Malachi whispered, preserve a druid silence. His soul is far +away. It is as painful perhaps to be awakened from a vision as to be +born. Any object, intensely regarded, may be a gate of access to the +incorruptible eon of the gods. Do you not think it, Stephen? Theosophos +told me so, Stephen answered, whom in a previous existence Egyptian +priests initiated into the mysteries of karmic law. The lords of the +moon, Theosophos told me, an orangefiery shipload from planet Alpha of +the lunar chain would not assume the etheric doubles and these were +therefore incarnated by the rubycoloured egos from the second +constellation. + +However, as a matter of fact though, the preposterous surmise about him +being in some description of a doldrums or other or mesmerised which +was entirely due to a misconception of the shallowest character, was +not the case at all. The individual whose visual organs while the above +was going on were at this juncture commencing to exhibit symptoms of +animation was as astute if not astuter than any man living and anybody +that conjectured the contrary would have found themselves pretty +speedily in the wrong shop. During the past four minutes or thereabouts +he had been staring hard at a certain amount of number one Bass bottled +by Messrs Bass and Co at Burton-on-Trent which happened to be situated +amongst a lot of others right opposite to where he was and which was +certainly calculated to attract anyone’s remark on account of its +scarlet appearance. He was simply and solely, as it subsequently +transpired for reasons best known to himself, which put quite an +altogether different complexion on the proceedings, after the moment +before’s observations about boyhood days and the turf, recollecting two +or three private transactions of his own which the other two were as +mutually innocent of as the babe unborn. Eventually, however, both +their eyes met and as soon as it began to dawn on him that the other +was endeavouring to help himself to the thing he involuntarily +determined to help him himself and so he accordingly took hold of the +neck of the mediumsized glass recipient which contained the fluid +sought after and made a capacious hole in it by pouring a lot of it out +with, also at the same time, however, a considerable degree of +attentiveness in order not to upset any of the beer that was in it +about the place. + +The debate which ensued was in its scope and progress an epitome of the +course of life. Neither place nor council was lacking in dignity. The +debaters were the keenest in the land, the theme they were engaged on +the loftiest and most vital. The high hall of Horne’s house had never +beheld an assembly so representative and so varied nor had the old +rafters of that establishment ever listened to a language so +encyclopaedic. A gallant scene in truth it made. Crotthers was there at +the foot of the table in his striking Highland garb, his face glowing +from the briny airs of the Mull of Galloway. There too, opposite to +him, was Lynch whose countenance bore already the stigmata of early +depravity and premature wisdom. Next the Scotchman was the place +assigned to Costello, the eccentric, while at his side was seated in +stolid repose the squat form of Madden. The chair of the resident +indeed stood vacant before the hearth but on either flank of it the +figure of Bannon in explorer’s kit of tweed shorts and salted cowhide +brogues contrasted sharply with the primrose elegance and townbred +manners of Malachi Roland St John Mulligan. Lastly at the head of the +board was the young poet who found a refuge from his labours of +pedagogy and metaphysical inquisition in the convivial atmosphere of +Socratic discussion, while to right and left of him were accommodated +the flippant prognosticator, fresh from the hippodrome, and that +vigilant wanderer, soiled by the dust of travel and combat and stained +by the mire of an indelible dishonour, but from whose steadfast and +constant heart no lure or peril or threat or degradation could ever +efface the image of that voluptuous loveliness which the inspired +pencil of Lafayette has limned for ages yet to come. + +It had better be stated here and now at the outset that the perverted +transcendentalism to which Mr S. Dedalus’ (Div. Scep.) contentions +would appear to prove him pretty badly addicted runs directly counter +to accepted scientific methods. Science, it cannot be too often +repeated, deals with tangible phenomena. The man of science like the +man in the street has to face hardheaded facts that cannot be blinked +and explain them as best he can. There may be, it is true, some +questions which science cannot answer—at present—such as the first +problem submitted by Mr L. Bloom (Pubb. Canv.) regarding the future +determination of sex. Must we accept the view of Empedocles of +Trinacria that the right ovary (the postmenstrual period, assert +others) is responsible for the birth of males or are the too long +neglected spermatozoa or nemasperms the differentiating factors or is +it, as most embryologists incline to opine, such as Culpepper, +Spallanzani, Blumenbach, Lusk, Hertwig, Leopold and Valenti, a mixture +of both? This would be tantamount to a cooperation (one of nature’s +favourite devices) between the _nisus formativus_ of the nemasperm on +the one hand and on the other a happily chosen position, _succubitus +felix_, of the passive element. The other problem raised by the same +inquirer is scarcely less vital: infant mortality. It is interesting +because, as he pertinently remarks, we are all born in the same way but +we all die in different ways. Mr M. Mulligan (Hyg. et Eug. Doc.) blames +the sanitary conditions in which our greylunged citizens contract +adenoids, pulmonary complaints etc. by inhaling the bacteria which lurk +in dust. These factors, he alleged, and the revolting spectacles +offered by our streets, hideous publicity posters, religious ministers +of all denominations, mutilated soldiers and sailors, exposed scorbutic +cardrivers, the suspended carcases of dead animals, paranoic bachelors +and unfructified duennas—these, he said, were accountable for any and +every fallingoff in the calibre of the race. Kalipedia, he prophesied, +would soon be generally adopted and all the graces of life, genuinely +good music, agreeable literature, light philosophy, instructive +pictures, plastercast reproductions of the classical statues such as +Venus and Apollo, artistic coloured photographs of prize babies, all +these little attentions would enable ladies who were in a particular +condition to pass the intervening months in a most enjoyable manner. Mr +J. Crotthers (Disc. Bacc.) attributes some of these demises to +abdominal trauma in the case of women workers subjected to heavy +labours in the workshop and to marital discipline in the home but by +far the vast majority to neglect, private or official, culminating in +the exposure of newborn infants, the practice of criminal abortion or +in the atrocious crime of infanticide. Although the former (we are +thinking of neglect) is undoubtedly only too true the case he cites of +nurses forgetting to count the sponges in the peritoneal cavity is too +rare to be normative. In fact when one comes to look into it the wonder +is that so many pregnancies and deliveries go off so well as they do, +all things considered and in spite of our human shortcomings which +often baulk nature in her intentions. An ingenious suggestion is that +thrown out by Mr V. Lynch (Bacc. Arith.) that both natality and +mortality, as well as all other phenomena of evolution, tidal +movements, lunar phases, blood temperatures, diseases in general, +everything, in fine, in nature’s vast workshop from the extinction of +some remote sun to the blossoming of one of the countless flowers which +beautify our public parks is subject to a law of numeration as yet +unascertained. Still the plain straightforward question why a child of +normally healthy parents and seemingly a healthy child and properly +looked after succumbs unaccountably in early childhood (though other +children of the same marriage do not) must certainly, in the poet’s +words, give us pause. Nature, we may rest assured, has her own good and +cogent reasons for whatever she does and in all probability such deaths +are due to some law of anticipation by which organisms in which morbous +germs have taken up their residence (modern science has conclusively +shown that only the plasmic substance can be said to be immortal) tend +to disappear at an increasingly earlier stage of development, an +arrangement which, though productive of pain to some of our feelings +(notably the maternal), is nevertheless, some of us think, in the long +run beneficial to the race in general in securing thereby the survival +of the fittest. Mr S. Dedalus’ (Div. Scep.) remark (or should it be +called an interruption?) that an omnivorous being which can masticate, +deglute, digest and apparently pass through the ordinary channel with +pluterperfect imperturbability such multifarious aliments as cancrenous +females emaciated by parturition, corpulent professional gentlemen, not +to speak of jaundiced politicians and chlorotic nuns, might possibly +find gastric relief in an innocent collation of staggering bob, reveals +as nought else could and in a very unsavoury light the tendency above +alluded to. For the enlightenment of those who are not so intimately +acquainted with the minutiae of the municipal abattoir as this +morbidminded esthete and embryo philosopher who for all his overweening +bumptiousness in things scientific can scarcely distinguish an acid +from an alkali prides himself on being, it should perhaps be stated +that staggering bob in the vile parlance of our lowerclass licensed +victuallers signifies the cookable and eatable flesh of a calf newly +dropped from its mother. In a recent public controversy with Mr L. +Bloom (Pubb. Canv.) which took place in the commons’ hall of the +National Maternity Hospital, 29, 30 and 31 Holles street, of which, as +is well known, Dr A. Horne (Lic. in Midw., F. K. Q. C. P. I.) is the +able and popular master, he is reported by eyewitnesses as having +stated that once a woman has let the cat into the bag (an esthete’s +allusion, presumably, to one of the most complicated and marvellous of +all nature’s processes—the act of sexual congress) she must let it out +again or give it life, as he phrased it, to save her own. At the risk +of her own, was the telling rejoinder of his interlocutor, none the +less effective for the moderate and measured tone in which it was +delivered. + +Meanwhile the skill and patience of the physician had brought about a +happy _accouchement._ It had been a weary weary while both for patient +and doctor. All that surgical skill could do was done and the brave +woman had manfully helped. She had. She had fought the good fight and +now she was very very happy. Those who have passed on, who have gone +before, are happy too as they gaze down and smile upon the touching +scene. Reverently look at her as she reclines there with the +motherlight in her eyes, that longing hunger for baby fingers (a pretty +sight it is to see), in the first bloom of her new motherhood, +breathing a silent prayer of thanksgiving to One above, the Universal +Husband. And as her loving eyes behold her babe she wishes only one +blessing more, to have her dear Doady there with her to share her joy, +to lay in his arms that mite of God’s clay, the fruit of their lawful +embraces. He is older now (you and I may whisper it) and a trifle +stooped in the shoulders yet in the whirligig of years a grave dignity +has come to the conscientious second accountant of the Ulster bank, +College Green branch. O Doady, loved one of old, faithful lifemate now, +it may never be again, that faroff time of the roses! With the old +shake of her pretty head she recalls those days. God! How beautiful now +across the mist of years! But their children are grouped in her +imagination about the bedside, hers and his, Charley, Mary Alice, +Frederick Albert (if he had lived), Mamy, Budgy (Victoria Frances), +Tom, Violet Constance Louisa, darling little Bobsy (called after our +famous hero of the South African war, lord Bobs of Waterford and +Candahar) and now this last pledge of their union, a Purefoy if ever +there was one, with the true Purefoy nose. Young hopeful will be +christened Mortimer Edward after the influential third cousin of Mr +Purefoy in the Treasury Remembrancer’s office, Dublin Castle. And so +time wags on: but father Cronion has dealt lightly here. No, let no +sigh break from that bosom, dear gentle Mina. And Doady, knock the +ashes from your pipe, the seasoned briar you still fancy when the +curfew rings for you (may it be the distant day!) and dout the light +whereby you read in the Sacred Book for the oil too has run low, and so +with a tranquil heart to bed, to rest. He knows and will call in His +own good time. You too have fought the good fight and played loyally +your man’s part. Sir, to you my hand. Well done, thou good and faithful +servant! + +There are sins or (let us call them as the world calls them) evil +memories which are hidden away by man in the darkest places of the +heart but they abide there and wait. He may suffer their memory to grow +dim, let them be as though they had not been and all but persuade +himself that they were not or at least were otherwise. Yet a chance +word will call them forth suddenly and they will rise up to confront +him in the most various circumstances, a vision or a dream, or while +timbrel and harp soothe his senses or amid the cool silver tranquility +of the evening or at the feast, at midnight, when he is now filled with +wine. Not to insult over him will the vision come as over one that lies +under her wrath, not for vengeance to cut him off from the living but +shrouded in the piteous vesture of the past, silent, remote, +reproachful. + +The stranger still regarded on the face before him a slow recession of +that false calm there, imposed, as it seemed, by habit or some studied +trick, upon words so embittered as to accuse in their speaker an +unhealthiness, a _flair,_ for the cruder things of life. A scene +disengages itself in the observer’s memory, evoked, it would seem, by a +word of so natural a homeliness as if those days were really present +there (as some thought) with their immediate pleasures. A shaven space +of lawn one soft May evening, the wellremembered grove of lilacs at +Roundtown, purple and white, fragrant slender spectators of the game +but with much real interest in the pellets as they run slowly forward +over the sward or collide and stop, one by its fellow, with a brief +alert shock. And yonder about that grey urn where the water moves at +times in thoughtful irrigation you saw another as fragrant sisterhood, +Floey, Atty, Tiny and their darker friend with I know not what of +arresting in her pose then, Our Lady of the Cherries, a comely brace of +them pendent from an ear, bringing out the foreign warmth of the skin +so daintily against the cool ardent fruit. A lad of four or five in +linseywoolsey (blossomtime but there will be cheer in the kindly hearth +when ere long the bowls are gathered and hutched) is standing on the +urn secured by that circle of girlish fond hands. He frowns a little +just as this young man does now with a perhaps too conscious enjoyment +of the danger but must needs glance at whiles towards where his mother +watches from the _piazzetta_ giving upon the flowerclose with a faint +shadow of remoteness or of reproach (_alles Vergängliche_) in her glad +look. + +Mark this farther and remember. The end comes suddenly. Enter that +antechamber of birth where the studious are assembled and note their +faces. Nothing, as it seems, there of rash or violent. Quietude of +custody, rather, befitting their station in that house, the vigilant +watch of shepherds and of angels about a crib in Bethlehem of Juda long +ago. But as before the lightning the serried stormclouds, heavy with +preponderant excess of moisture, in swollen masses turgidly distended, +compass earth and sky in one vast slumber, impending above parched +field and drowsy oxen and blighted growth of shrub and verdure till in +an instant a flash rives their centres and with the reverberation of +the thunder the cloudburst pours its torrent, so and not otherwise was +the transformation, violent and instantaneous, upon the utterance of +the word. + +Burke’s! outflings my lord Stephen, giving the cry, and a tag and +bobtail of all them after, cockerel, jackanapes, welsher, pilldoctor, +punctual Bloom at heels with a universal grabbing at headgear, +ashplants, bilbos, Panama hats and scabbards, Zermatt alpenstocks and +what not. A dedale of lusty youth, noble every student there. Nurse +Callan taken aback in the hallway cannot stay them nor smiling surgeon +coming downstairs with news of placentation ended, a full pound if a +milligramme. They hark him on. The door! It is open? Ha! They are out, +tumultuously, off for a minute’s race, all bravely legging it, Burke’s +of Denzille and Holles their ulterior goal. Dixon follows giving them +sharp language but raps out an oath, he too, and on. Bloom stays with +nurse a thought to send a kind word to happy mother and nurseling up +there. Doctor Diet and Doctor Quiet. Looks she too not other now? Ward +of watching in Horne’s house has told its tale in that washedout +pallor. Then all being gone, a glance of motherwit helping, he whispers +close in going: Madam, when comes the storkbird for thee? + +The air without is impregnated with raindew moisture, life essence +celestial, glistening on Dublin stone there under starshiny _coelum._ +God’s air, the Allfather’s air, scintillant circumambient cessile air. +Breathe it deep into thee. By heaven, Theodore Purefoy, thou hast done +a doughty deed and no botch! Thou art, I vow, the remarkablest +progenitor barring none in this chaffering allincluding most +farraginous chronicle. Astounding! In her lay a Godframed Godgiven +preformed possibility which thou hast fructified with thy modicum of +man’s work. Cleave to her! Serve! Toil on, labour like a very bandog +and let scholarment and all Malthusiasts go hang. Thou art all their +daddies, Theodore. Art drooping under thy load, bemoiled with butcher’s +bills at home and ingots (not thine!) in the countinghouse? Head up! +For every newbegotten thou shalt gather thy homer of ripe wheat. See, +thy fleece is drenched. Dost envy Darby Dullman there with his Joan? A +canting jay and a rheumeyed curdog is all their progeny. Pshaw, I tell +thee! He is a mule, a dead gasteropod, without vim or stamina, not +worth a cracked kreutzer. Copulation without population! No, say I! +Herod’s slaughter of the innocents were the truer name. Vegetables, +forsooth, and sterile cohabitation! Give her beefsteaks, red, raw, +bleeding! She is a hoary pandemonium of ills, enlarged glands, mumps, +quinsy, bunions, hayfever, bedsores, ringworm, floating kidney, +Derbyshire neck, warts, bilious attacks, gallstones, cold feet, +varicose veins. A truce to threnes and trentals and jeremies and all +such congenital defunctive music! Twenty years of it, regret them not. +With thee it was not as with many that will and would and wait and +never—do. Thou sawest thy America, thy lifetask, and didst charge to +cover like the transpontine bison. How saith Zarathustra? _Deine Kuh +Trübsal melkest Du. Nun Trinkst Du die süsse Milch des Euters_. See! it +displodes for thee in abundance. Drink, man, an udderful! Mother’s +milk, Purefoy, the milk of human kin, milk too of those burgeoning +stars overhead rutilant in thin rainvapour, punch milk, such as those +rioters will quaff in their guzzling den, milk of madness, the +honeymilk of Canaan’s land. Thy cow’s dug was tough, what? Ay, but her +milk is hot and sweet and fattening. No dollop this but thick rich +bonnyclaber. To her, old patriarch! Pap! _Per deam Partulam et +Pertundam nunc est bibendum!_ + +All off for a buster, armstrong, hollering down the street. Bonafides. +Where you slep las nigh? Timothy of the battered naggin. Like ole +Billyo. Any brollies or gumboots in the fambly? Where the Henry Nevil’s +sawbones and ole clo? Sorra one o’ me knows. Hurrah there, Dix! Forward +to the ribbon counter. Where’s Punch? All serene. Jay, look at the +drunken minister coming out of the maternity hospal! _Benedicat vos +omnipotens Deus, Pater et Filius_. A make, mister. The Denzille lane +boys. Hell, blast ye! Scoot. Righto, Isaacs, shove em out of the +bleeding limelight. Yous join uz, dear sir? No hentrusion in life. Lou +heap good man. Allee samee dis bunch. _En avant, mes enfants!_ Fire +away number one on the gun. Burke’s! Burke’s! Thence they advanced five +parasangs. Slattery’s mounted foot. Where’s that bleeding awfur? Parson +Steve, apostates’ creed! No, no, Mulligan! Abaft there! Shove ahead. +Keep a watch on the clock. Chuckingout time. Mullee! What’s on you? _Ma +mère m’a mariée._ British Beatitudes! _Retamplatan digidi boumboum_. +Ayes have it. To be printed and bound at the Druiddrum press by two +designing females. Calf covers of pissedon green. Last word in art +shades. Most beautiful book come out of Ireland my time. _Silentium!_ +Get a spurt on. Tention. Proceed to nearest canteen and there annex +liquor stores. March! Tramp, tramp, tramp, the boys are (attitudes!) +parching. Beer, beef, business, bibles, bulldogs battleships, buggery +and bishops. Whether on the scaffold high. Beer, beef, trample the +bibles. When for Irelandear. Trample the trampellers. Thunderation! +Keep the durned millingtary step. We fall. Bishops boosebox. Halt! +Heave to. Rugger. Scrum in. No touch kicking. Wow, my tootsies! You +hurt? Most amazingly sorry! + +Query. Who’s astanding this here do? Proud possessor of damnall. +Declare misery. Bet to the ropes. Me nantee saltee. Not a red at me +this week gone. Yours? Mead of our fathers for the _Übermensch._ +Dittoh. Five number ones. You, sir? Ginger cordial. Chase me, the +cabby’s caudle. Stimulate the caloric. Winding of his ticker. Stopped +short never to go again when the old. Absinthe for me, savvy? +_Caramba!_ Have an eggnog or a prairie oyster. Enemy? Avuncular’s got +my timepiece. Ten to. Obligated awful. Don’t mention it. Got a pectoral +trauma, eh, Dix? Pos fact. Got bet be a boomblebee whenever he wus +settin sleepin in hes bit garten. Digs up near the Mater. Buckled he +is. Know his dona? Yup, sartin I do. Full of a dure. See her in her +dishybilly. Peels off a credit. Lovey lovekin. None of your lean kine, +not much. Pull down the blind, love. Two Ardilauns. Same here. Look +slippery. If you fall don’t wait to get up. Five, seven, nine. Fine! +Got a prime pair of mincepies, no kid. And her take me to rests and her +anker of rum. Must be seen to be believed. Your starving eyes and +allbeplastered neck you stole my heart, O gluepot. Sir? Spud again the +rheumatiz? All poppycock, you’ll scuse me saying. For the hoi polloi. I +vear thee beest a gert vool. Well, doc? Back fro Lapland? Your +corporosity sagaciating O K? How’s the squaws and papooses? Womanbody +after going on the straw? Stand and deliver. Password. There’s hair. +Ours the white death and the ruddy birth. Hi! Spit in your own eye, +boss! Mummer’s wire. Cribbed out of Meredith. Jesified, orchidised, +polycimical jesuit! Aunty mine’s writing Pa Kinch. Baddybad Stephen +lead astray goodygood Malachi. + +Hurroo! Collar the leather, youngun. Roun wi the nappy. Here, Jock braw +Hielentman’s your barleybree. Lang may your lum reek and your kailpot +boil! My tipple. _Merci._ Here’s to us. How’s that? Leg before wicket. +Don’t stain my brandnew sitinems. Give’s a shake of peppe, you there. +Catch aholt. Caraway seed to carry away. Twig? Shrieks of silence. +Every cove to his gentry mort. Venus Pandemos. _Les petites femmes_. +Bold bad girl from the town of Mullingar. Tell her I was axing at her. +Hauding Sara by the wame. On the road to Malahide. Me? If she who +seduced me had left but the name. What do you want for ninepence? +Machree, macruiskeen. Smutty Moll for a mattress jig. And a pull all +together. _Ex!_ + +Waiting, guvnor? Most deciduously. Bet your boots on. Stunned like, +seeing as how no shiners is acoming. Underconstumble? He’ve got the +chink _ad lib_. Seed near free poun on un a spell ago a said war hisn. +Us come right in on your invite, see? Up to you, matey. Out with the +oof. Two bar and a wing. You larn that go off of they there Frenchy +bilks? Won’t wash here for nuts nohow. Lil chile velly solly. Ise de +cutest colour coon down our side. Gawds teruth, Chawley. We are nae +fou. We’re nae tha fou. Au reservoir, mossoo. Tanks you. + +’Tis, sure. What say? In the speakeasy. Tight. I shee you, shir. +Bantam, two days teetee. Bowsing nowt but claretwine. Garn! Have a +glint, do. Gum, I’m jiggered. And been to barber he have. Too full for +words. With a railway bloke. How come you so? Opera he’d like? Rose of +Castile. Rows of cast. Police! Some H2O for a gent fainted. Look at +Bantam’s flowers. Gemini. He’s going to holler. The colleen bawn. My +colleen bawn. O, cheese it! Shut his blurry Dutch oven with a firm +hand. Had the winner today till I tipped him a dead cert. The ruffin +cly the nab of Stephen Hand as give me the jady coppaleen. He strike a +telegramboy paddock wire big bug Bass to the depot. Shove him a joey +and grahamise. Mare on form hot order. Guinea to a goosegog. Tell a +cram, that. Gospeltrue. Criminal diversion? I think that yes. Sure +thing. Land him in chokeechokee if the harman beck copped the game. +Madden back Madden’s a maddening back. O lust our refuge and our +strength. Decamping. Must you go? Off to mammy. Stand by. Hide my +blushes someone. All in if he spots me. Come ahome, our Bantam. +Horryvar, mong vioo. Dinna forget the cowslips for hersel. Cornfide. +Wha gev ye thon colt? Pal to pal. Jannock. Of John Thomas, her spouse. +No fake, old man Leo. S’elp me, honest injun. Shiver my timbers if I +had. There’s a great big holy friar. Vyfor you no me tell? Vel, I ses, +if that aint a sheeny nachez, vel, I vil get misha mishinnah. Through +yerd our lord, Amen. + +You move a motion? Steve boy, you’re going it some. More bluggy +drunkables? Will immensely splendiferous stander permit one stooder of +most extreme poverty and one largesize grandacious thirst to terminate +one expensive inaugurated libation? Give’s a breather. Landlord, +landlord, have you good wine, staboo? Hoots, mon, a wee drap to pree. +Cut and come again. Right. Boniface! Absinthe the lot. _Nos omnes +biberimus viridum toxicum diabolus capiat posterioria nostria_. +Closingtime, gents. Eh? Rome boose for the Bloom toff. I hear you say +onions? Bloo? Cadges ads. Photo’s papli, by all that’s gorgeous. Play +low, pardner. Slide. _Bonsoir la compagnie_. And snares of the +poxfiend. Where’s the buck and Namby Amby? Skunked? Leg bail. Aweel, ye +maun e’en gang yer gates. Checkmate. King to tower. Kind Kristyann wil +yu help yung man hoose frend tuk bungellow kee tu find plais whear tu +lay crown of his hed 2 night. Crickey, I’m about sprung. Tarnally dog +gone my shins if this beent the bestest puttiest longbreak yet. Item, +curate, couple of cookies for this child. Cot’s plood and prandypalls, +none! Not a pite of sheeses? Thrust syphilis down to hell and with him +those other licensed spirits. Time, gents! Who wander through the +world. Health all! _À la vôtre_! + +Golly, whatten tunket’s yon guy in the mackintosh? Dusty Rhodes. Peep +at his wearables. By mighty! What’s he got? Jubilee mutton. Bovril, by +James. Wants it real bad. D’ye ken bare socks? Seedy cuss in the +Richmond? Rawthere! Thought he had a deposit of lead in his penis. +Trumpery insanity. Bartle the Bread we calls him. That, sir, was once a +prosperous cit. Man all tattered and torn that married a maiden all +forlorn. Slung her hook, she did. Here see lost love. Walking +Mackintosh of lonely canyon. Tuck and turn in. Schedule time. Nix for +the hornies. Pardon? Seen him today at a runefal? Chum o’ yourn passed +in his checks? Ludamassy! Pore piccaninnies! Thou’ll no be telling me +thot, Pold veg! Did ums blubble bigsplash crytears cos fren Padney was +took off in black bag? Of all de darkies Massa Pat was verra best. I +never see the like since I was born. _Tiens, tiens_, but it is well +sad, that, my faith, yes. O, get, rev on a gradient one in nine. Live +axle drives are souped. Lay you two to one Jenatzy licks him ruddy well +hollow. Jappies? High angle fire, inyah! Sunk by war specials. Be worse +for him, says he, nor any Rooshian. Time all. There’s eleven of them. +Get ye gone. Forward, woozy wobblers! Night. Night. May Allah the +Excellent One your soul this night ever tremendously conserve. + +Your attention! We’re nae tha fou. The Leith police dismisseth us. The +least tholice. Ware hawks for the chap puking. Unwell in his abominable +regions. Yooka. Night. Mona, my true love. Yook. Mona, my own love. +Ook. + +Hark! Shut your obstropolos. Pflaap! Pflaap! Blaze on. There she goes. +Brigade! Bout ship. Mount street way. Cut up! Pflaap! Tally ho. You not +come? Run, skelter, race. Pflaaaap! + +Lynch! Hey? Sign on long o’ me. Denzille lane this way. Change here for +Bawdyhouse. We two, she said, will seek the kips where shady Mary is. +Righto, any old time. _Laetabuntur in cubilibus suis_. You coming long? +Whisper, who the sooty hell’s the johnny in the black duds? Hush! +Sinned against the light and even now that day is at hand when he shall +come to judge the world by fire. Pflaap! _Ut implerentur scripturae_. +Strike up a ballad. Then outspake medical Dick to his comrade medical +Davy. Christicle, who’s this excrement yellow gospeller on the Merrion +hall? Elijah is coming! Washed in the blood of the Lamb. Come on you +winefizzling, ginsizzling, booseguzzling existences! Come on, you +dog-gone, bullnecked, beetlebrowed, hogjowled, peanutbrained, +weaseleyed fourflushers, false alarms and excess baggage! Come on, you +triple extract of infamy! Alexander J Christ Dowie, that’s my name, +that’s yanked to glory most half this planet from Frisco beach to +Vladivostok. The Deity aint no nickel dime bumshow. I put it to you +that He’s on the square and a corking fine business proposition. He’s +the grandest thing yet and don’t you forget it. Shout salvation in King +Jesus. You’ll need to rise precious early, you sinner there, if you +want to diddle the Almighty God. Pflaaaap! Not half. He’s got a +coughmixture with a punch in it for you, my friend, in his back pocket. +Just you try it on. + + + + +[ 15 ] + + +_(The Mabbot street entrance of nighttown, before which stretches an +uncobbled tramsiding set with skeleton tracks, red and green +will-o’-the-wisps and danger signals. Rows of grimy houses with gaping +doors. Rare lamps with faint rainbow fans. Round Rabaiotti’s halted ice +gondola stunted men and women squabble. They grab wafers between which +are wedged lumps of coral and copper snow. Sucking, they scatter +slowly. Children. The swancomb of the gondola, highreared, forges on +through the murk, white and blue under a lighthouse. Whistles call and +answer.)_ + +THE CALLS: Wait, my love, and I’ll be with you. + +THE ANSWERS: Round behind the stable. + +_(A deafmute idiot with goggle eyes, his shapeless mouth dribbling, +jerks past, shaken in Saint Vitus’ dance. A chain of children ’s hands +imprisons him.)_ + +THE CHILDREN: Kithogue! Salute! + +THE IDIOT: _(Lifts a palsied left arm and gurgles.)_ Grhahute! + +THE CHILDREN: Where’s the great light? + +THE IDIOT: _(Gobbling.)_ Ghaghahest. + +_(They release him. He jerks on. A pigmy woman swings on a rope slung +between two railings, counting. A form sprawled against a dustbin and +muffled by its arm and hat snores, groans, grinding growling teeth, and +snores again. On a step a gnome totting among a rubbishtip crouches to +shoulder a sack of rags and bones. A crone standing by with a smoky +oillamp rams her last bottle in the maw of his sack. He heaves his +booty, tugs askew his peaked cap and hobbles off mutely. The crone +makes back for her lair, swaying her lamp. A bandy child, asquat on the +doorstep with a paper shuttlecock, crawls sidling after her in spurts, +clutches her skirt, scrambles up. A drunken navvy grips with both hands +the railings of an area, lurching heavily. At a corner two night watch +in shouldercapes, their hands upon their staffholsters, loom tall. A +plate crashes: a woman screams: a child wails. Oaths of a man roar, +mutter, cease. Figures wander, lurk, peer from warrens. In a room lit +by a candle stuck in a bottleneck a slut combs out the tatts from the +hair of a scrofulous child. Cissy Caffrey’s voice, still young, sings +shrill from a lane.)_ + +CISSY CAFFREY: + + I gave it to Molly + Because she was jolly, + The leg of the duck, + The leg of the duck. + +_(Private Carr and Private Compton, swaggersticks tight in their +oxters, as they march unsteadily rightaboutface and burst together from +their mouths a volleyed fart. Laughter of men from the lane. A hoarse +virago retorts.)_ + +THE VIRAGO: Signs on you, hairy arse. More power the Cavan girl. + +CISSY CAFFREY: More luck to me. Cavan, Cootehill and Belturbet. _(She +sings.)_ + + I gave it to Nelly + To stick in her belly, + The leg of the duck, + The leg of the duck. + +_(Private Carr and Private Compton turn and counterretort, their tunics +bloodbright in a lampglow, black sockets of caps on their blond cropped +polls. Stephen Dedalus and Lynch pass through the crowd close to the +redcoats.)_ + +PRIVATE COMPTON: _(Jerks his finger.)_ Way for the parson. + +PRIVATE CARR: _(Turns and calls.)_ What ho, parson! + +CISSY CAFFREY: _(Her voice soaring higher.)_ + + She has it, she got it, + Wherever she put it, + The leg of the duck. + +_(Stephen, flourishing the ashplant in his left hand, chants with joy +the_ introit _for paschal time. Lynch, his jockeycap low on his brow, +attends him, a sneer of discontent wrinkling his face.)_ + +STEPHEN: _Vidi aquam egredientem de templo a latere dextro. Alleluia_. + +_(The famished snaggletusks of an elderly bawd protrude from a +doorway.)_ + +THE BAWD: _(Her voice whispering huskily.)_ Sst! Come here till I tell +you. Maidenhead inside. Sst! + +STEPHEN: _(Altius aliquantulum.) Et omnes ad quos pervenit aqua ista_. + +THE BAWD: _(Spits in their trail her jet of venom.)_ Trinity medicals. +Fallopian tube. All prick and no pence. + +_(Edy Boardman, sniffling, crouched with Bertha Supple, draws her shawl +across her nostrils.)_ + +EDY BOARDMAN: _(Bickering.)_ And says the one: I seen you up Faithful +place with your squarepusher, the greaser off the railway, in his +cometobed hat. Did you, says I. That’s not for you to say, says I. You +never seen me in the mantrap with a married highlander, says I. The +likes of her! Stag that one is! Stubborn as a mule! And her walking +with two fellows the one time, Kilbride, the enginedriver, and +lancecorporal Oliphant. + +STEPHEN: _(Triumphaliter.) Salvi facti sunt._ + +_(He flourishes his ashplant, shivering the lamp image, shattering +light over the world. A liver and white spaniel on the prowl slinks +after him, growling. Lynch scares it with a kick.)_ + +LYNCH: So that? + +STEPHEN: (_Looks behind_.) So that gesture, not music not odour, would +be a universal language, the gift of tongues rendering visible not the +lay sense but the first entelechy, the structural rhythm. + +LYNCH: Pornosophical philotheology. Metaphysics in Mecklenburgh street! + +STEPHEN: We have shrewridden Shakespeare and henpecked Socrates. Even +the allwisest Stagyrite was bitted, bridled and mounted by a light of +love. + +LYNCH: Ba! + +STEPHEN: Anyway, who wants two gestures to illustrate a loaf and a jug? +This movement illustrates the loaf and jug of bread or wine in Omar. +Hold my stick. + +LYNCH: Damn your yellow stick. Where are we going? + +STEPHEN: Lecherous lynx, to _la belle dame sans merci,_ Georgina +Johnson, _ad deam qui laetificat iuventutem meam._ + +_(Stephen thrusts the ashplant on him and slowly holds out his hands, +his head going back till both hands are a span from his breast, down +turned, in planes intersecting, the fingers about to part, the left +being higher.)_ + +LYNCH: Which is the jug of bread? It skills not. That or the +customhouse. Illustrate thou. Here take your crutch and walk. + +_(They pass. Tommy Caffrey scrambles to a gaslamp and, clasping, climbs +in spasms. From the top spur he slides down. Jacky Caffrey clasps to +climb. The navvy lurches against the lamp. The twins scuttle off in the +dark. The navvy, swaying, presses a forefinger against a wing of his +nose and ejects from the farther nostril a long liquid jet of snot. +Shouldering the lamp he staggers away through the crowd with his +flaring cresset._ + +_Snakes of river fog creep slowly. From drains, clefts, cesspools, +middens arise on all sides stagnant fumes. A glow leaps in the south +beyond the seaward reaches of the river. The navvy, staggering forward, +cleaves the crowd and lurches towards the tramsiding. On the farther +side under the railway bridge Bloom appears, flushed, panting, cramming +bread and chocolate into a sidepocket. From Gillen’s hairdresser’s +window a composite portrait shows him gallant Nelson’s image. A concave +mirror at the side presents to him lovelorn longlost lugubru +Booloohoom. Grave Gladstone sees him level, Bloom for Bloom. He passes, +struck by the stare of truculent Wellington, but in the convex mirror +grin unstruck the bonham eyes and fatchuck cheekchops of Jollypoldy the +rixdix doldy._ + +_At Antonio Rabaiotti’s door Bloom halts, sweated under the bright +arclamp. He disappears. In a moment he reappears and hurries on.)_ + +BLOOM: Fish and taters. N. g. Ah! + +_(He disappears into Olhausen’s, the porkbutcher’s, under the +downcoming rollshutter. A few moments later he emerges from under the +shutter, puffing Poldy, blowing Bloohoom. In each hand he holds a +parcel, one containing a lukewarm pig’s crubeen, the other a cold +sheep’s trotter, sprinkled with wholepepper. He gasps, standing +upright. Then bending to one side he presses a parcel against his ribs +and groans.)_ + +BLOOM: Stitch in my side. Why did I run? + +_(He takes breath with care and goes forward slowly towards the lampset +siding. The glow leaps again.)_ + +BLOOM: What is that? A flasher? Searchlight. + +_(He stands at Cormack’s corner, watching.)_ + +BLOOM: _Aurora borealis_ or a steel foundry? Ah, the brigade, of +course. South side anyhow. Big blaze. Might be his house. Beggar’s +bush. We’re safe. _(He hums cheerfully.)_ London’s burning, London’s +burning! On fire, on fire! (_He catches sight of the navvy lurching +through the crowd at the farther side of Talbot street._) I’ll miss +him. Run. Quick. Better cross here. + +_(He darts to cross the road. Urchins shout.)_ + +THE URCHINS: Mind out, mister! + +(_Two cyclists, with lighted paper lanterns aswing, swim by him, +grazing him, their bells rattling._) + +THE BELLS: Haltyaltyaltyall. + +BLOOM: _(Halts erect, stung by a spasm.)_ Ow! + +_(He looks round, darts forward suddenly. Through rising fog a dragon +sandstrewer, travelling at caution, slews heavily down upon him, its +huge red headlight winking, its trolley hissing on the wire. The +motorman bangs his footgong.)_ + +THE GONG: Bang Bang Bla Bak Blud Bugg Bloo. + +_(The brake cracks violently. Bloom, raising a policeman’s whitegloved +hand, blunders stifflegged out of the track. The motorman, thrown +forward, pugnosed, on the guidewheel, yells as he slides past over +chains and keys.)_ + +THE MOTORMAN: Hey, shitbreeches, are you doing the hat trick? + +_(Bloom trickleaps to the curbstone and halts again. He brushes a +mudflake from his cheek with a parcelled hand.)_ + +BLOOM: No thoroughfare. Close shave that but cured the stitch. Must +take up Sandow’s exercises again. On the hands down. Insure against +street accident too. The Providential. _(He feels his trouser pocket.)_ +Poor mamma’s panacea. Heel easily catch in track or bootlace in a cog. +Day the wheel of the black Maria peeled off my shoe at Leonard’s +corner. Third time is the charm. Shoe trick. Insolent driver. I ought +to report him. Tension makes them nervous. Might be the fellow balked +me this morning with that horsey woman. Same style of beauty. Quick of +him all the same. The stiff walk. True word spoken in jest. That awful +cramp in Lad lane. Something poisonous I ate. Emblem of luck. Why? +Probably lost cattle. Mark of the beast. _(He closes his eyes an +instant.)_ Bit light in the head. Monthly or effect of the other. +Brainfogfag. That tired feeling. Too much for me now. Ow! + +_(A sinister figure leans on plaited legs against O’Beirne’s wall, a +visage unknown, injected with dark mercury. From under a wideleaved +sombrero the figure regards him with evil eye.)_ + +BLOOM: _Buenas noches, señorita Blanca, que calle es esta?_ + +THE FIGURE: (_Impassive, raises a signal arm._) Password. _Sraid +Mabbot._ + +BLOOM: Haha. _Merci._ Esperanto. _Slan leath. (He mutters.)_ Gaelic +league spy, sent by that fireeater. + +_(He steps forward. A sackshouldered ragman bars his path. He steps +left, ragsackman left.)_ + +BLOOM: I beg. + +(_He leaps right, sackragman right._) + +BLOOM: I beg. + +(_He swerves, sidles, stepaside, slips past and on._) + +BLOOM: Keep to the right, right, right. If there is a signpost planted +by the Touring Club at Stepaside who procured that public boon? I who +lost my way and contributed to the columns of the _Irish Cyclist_ the +letter headed _In darkest Stepaside_. Keep, keep, keep to the right. +Rags and bones at midnight. A fence more likely. First place murderer +makes for. Wash off his sins of the world. + +_(Jacky Caffrey, hunted by Tommy Caffrey, runs full tilt against +Bloom.)_ + +BLOOM: O. + +_(Shocked, on weak hams, he halts. Tommy and Jacky vanish there, there. +Bloom pats with parcelled hands watch, fobpocket, bookpocket, +pursepoke, sweets of sin, potato soap.)_ + +BLOOM: Beware of pickpockets. Old thieves’ dodge. Collide. Then snatch +your purse. + +_(The retriever approaches sniffing, nose to the ground. A sprawled +form sneezes. A stooped bearded figure appears garbed in the long +caftan of an elder in Zion and a smokingcap with magenta tassels. +Horned spectacles hang down at the wings of the nose. Yellow poison +streaks are on the drawn face.)_ + +RUDOLPH: Second halfcrown waste money today. I told you not go with +drunken goy ever. So you catch no money. + +BLOOM: _(Hides the crubeen and trotter behind his back and, +crestfallen, feels warm and cold feetmeat.) Ja, ich weiss, papachi._ + +RUDOLPH: What you making down this place? Have you no soul? _(With +feeble vulture talons he feels the silent face of Bloom.)_ Are you not +my son Leopold, the grandson of Leopold? Are you not my dear son +Leopold who left the house of his father and left the god of his +fathers Abraham and Jacob? + +BLOOM: _(With precaution.)_ I suppose so, father. Mosenthal. All that’s +left of him. + +RUDOLPH: _(Severely.)_ One night they bring you home drunk as dog after +spend your good money. What you call them running chaps? + +BLOOM: _(In youth’s smart blue Oxford suit with white vestslips, +narrowshouldered, in brown Alpine hat, wearing gent’s sterling silver +waterbury keyless watch and double curb Albert with seal attached, one +side of him coated with stiffening mud.)_ Harriers, father. Only that +once. + +RUDOLPH: Once! Mud head to foot. Cut your hand open. Lockjaw. They make +you kaputt, Leopoldleben. You watch them chaps. + +BLOOM: _(Weakly.)_ They challenged me to a sprint. It was muddy. I +slipped. + +RUDOLPH: _(With contempt.) Goim nachez!_ Nice spectacles for your poor +mother! + +BLOOM: Mamma! + +ELLEN BLOOM: _(In pantomime dame’s stringed mobcap, widow Twankey’s +crinoline and bustle, blouse with muttonleg sleeves buttoned behind, +grey mittens and cameo brooch, her plaited hair in a crispine net, +appears over the staircase banisters, a slanted candlestick in her +hand, and cries out in shrill alarm.)_ O blessed Redeemer, what have +they done to him! My smelling salts! _(She hauls up a reef of skirt and +ransacks the pouch of her striped blay petticoat. A phial, an Agnus +Dei, a shrivelled potato and a celluloid doll fall out.)_ Sacred Heart +of Mary, where were you at all at all? + +_(Bloom, mumbling, his eyes downcast, begins to bestow his parcels in +his filled pockets but desists, muttering.)_ + +A VOICE: _(Sharply.)_ Poldy! + +BLOOM: Who? _(He ducks and wards off a blow clumsily.)_ At your +service. + +_(He looks up. Beside her mirage of datepalms a handsome woman in +Turkish costume stands before him. Opulent curves fill out her scarlet +trousers and jacket, slashed with gold. A wide yellow cummerbund +girdles her. A white yashmak, violet in the night, covers her face, +leaving free only her large dark eyes and raven hair.)_ + +BLOOM: Molly! + +MARION: Welly? Mrs Marion from this out, my dear man, when you speak to +me. _(Satirically.)_ Has poor little hubby cold feet waiting so long? + +BLOOM: _(Shifts from foot to foot.)_ No, no. Not the least little bit. + +_(He breathes in deep agitation, swallowing gulps of air, questions, +hopes, crubeens for her supper, things to tell her, excuse, desire, +spellbound. A coin gleams on her forehead. On her feet are jewelled +toerings. Her ankles are linked by a slender fetterchain. Beside her a +camel, hooded with a turreting turban, waits. A silk ladder of +innumerable rungs climbs to his bobbing howdah. He ambles near with +disgruntled hindquarters. Fiercely she slaps his haunch, her goldcurb +wristbangles angriling, scolding him in Moorish.)_ + +MARION: Nebrakada! Femininum! + +_(The camel, lifting a foreleg, plucks from a tree a large mango fruit, +offers it to his mistress, blinking, in his cloven hoof, then droops +his head and, grunting, with uplifted neck, fumbles to kneel. Bloom +stoops his back for leapfrog.)_ + +BLOOM: I can give you... I mean as your business menagerer... Mrs +Marion... if you... + +MARION: So you notice some change? _(Her hands passing slowly over her +trinketed stomacher, a slow friendly mockery in her eyes.)_ O Poldy, +Poldy, you are a poor old stick in the mud! Go and see life. See the +wide world. + +BLOOM: I was just going back for that lotion whitewax, orangeflower +water. Shop closes early on Thursday. But the first thing in the +morning. _(He pats divers pockets.)_ This moving kidney. Ah! + +_(He points to the south, then to the east. A cake of new clean lemon +soap arises, diffusing light and perfume.)_ + +THE SOAP: + + We’re a capital couple are Bloom and I. + He brightens the earth. I polish the sky. + +_(The freckled face of Sweny, the druggist, appears in the disc of the +soapsun.)_ + +SWENY: Three and a penny, please. + +BLOOM: Yes. For my wife. Mrs Marion. Special recipe. + +MARION: _(Softly.)_ Poldy! + +BLOOM: Yes, ma’am? + +MARION: _Ti trema un poco il cuore?_ + +_(In disdain she saunters away, plump as a pampered pouter pigeon, +humming the duet from_ Don Giovanni.) + +BLOOM: Are you sure about that _Voglio_? I mean the pronunciati... + +_(He follows, followed by the sniffing terrier. The elderly bawd seizes +his sleeve, the bristles of her chinmole glittering.)_ + +THE BAWD: Ten shillings a maidenhead. Fresh thing was never touched. +Fifteen. There’s no-one in it only her old father that’s dead drunk. + +_(She points. In the gap of her dark den furtive, rainbedraggled, +Bridie Kelly stands.)_ + +BRIDIE: Hatch street. Any good in your mind? + +_(With a squeak she flaps her bat shawl and runs. A burly rough pursues +with booted strides. He stumbles on the steps, recovers, plunges into +gloom. Weak squeaks of laughter are heard, weaker.)_ + +THE BAWD: _(Her wolfeyes shining.)_ He’s getting his pleasure. You +won’t get a virgin in the flash houses. Ten shillings. Don’t be all +night before the polis in plain clothes sees us. Sixtyseven is a bitch. + +_(Leering, Gerty Macdowell limps forward. She draws from behind, +ogling, and shows coyly her bloodied clout.)_ + +GERTY: With all my worldly goods I thee and thou. _(She murmurs.)_ You +did that. I hate you. + +BLOOM: I? When? You’re dreaming. I never saw you. + +THE BAWD: Leave the gentleman alone, you cheat. Writing the gentleman +false letters. Streetwalking and soliciting. Better for your mother +take the strap to you at the bedpost, hussy like you. + +GERTY: _(To Bloom.)_ When you saw all the secrets of my bottom drawer. +_(She paws his sleeve, slobbering.)_ Dirty married man! I love you for +doing that to me. + +_(She glides away crookedly. Mrs Breen in man’s frieze overcoat with +loose bellows pockets, stands in the causeway, her roguish eyes +wideopen, smiling in all her herbivorous buckteeth.)_ + +MRS BREEN: Mr... + +BLOOM: _(Coughs gravely.)_ Madam, when we last had this pleasure by +letter dated the sixteenth instant... + +MRS BREEN: Mr Bloom! You down here in the haunts of sin! I caught you +nicely! Scamp! + +BLOOM: _(Hurriedly.)_ Not so loud my name. Whatever do you think of me? +Don’t give me away. Walls have ears. How do you do? It’s ages since I. +You’re looking splendid. Absolutely it. Seasonable weather we are +having this time of year. Black refracts heat. Short cut home here. +Interesting quarter. Rescue of fallen women. Magdalen asylum. I am the +secretary... + +MRS BREEN: _(Holds up a finger.)_ Now, don’t tell a big fib! I know +somebody won’t like that. O just wait till I see Molly! _(Slily.)_ +Account for yourself this very sminute or woe betide you! + +BLOOM: _(Looks behind.)_ She often said she’d like to visit. Slumming. +The exotic, you see. Negro servants in livery too if she had money. +Othello black brute. Eugene Stratton. Even the bones and cornerman at +the Livermore christies. Bohee brothers. Sweep for that matter. + +_(Tom and Sam Bohee, coloured coons in white duck suits, scarlet socks, +upstarched Sambo chokers and large scarlet asters in their buttonholes, +leap out. Each has his banjo slung. Their paler smaller negroid hands +jingle the twingtwang wires. Flashing white Kaffir eyes and tusks they +rattle through a breakdown in clumsy clogs, twinging, singing, back to +back, toe heel, heel toe, with smackfatclacking nigger lips.)_ + +TOM AND SAM: + + There’s someone in the house with Dina + There’s someone in the house, I know, + There’s someone in the house with Dina + Playing on the old banjo. + +_(They whisk black masks from raw babby faces: then, chuckling, +chortling, trumming, twanging, they diddle diddle cakewalk dance +away.)_ + +BLOOM: _(With a sour tenderish smile.)_ A little frivol, shall we, if +you are so inclined? Would you like me perhaps to embrace you just for +a fraction of a second? + +MRS BREEN: _(Screams gaily.)_ O, you ruck! You ought to see yourself! + +BLOOM: For old sake’ sake. I only meant a square party, a mixed +marriage mingling of our different little conjugials. You know I had a +soft corner for you. _(Gloomily.)_ ’Twas I sent you that valentine of +the dear gazelle. + +MRS BREEN: Glory Alice, you do look a holy show! Killing simply. _(She +puts out her hand inquisitively.)_ What are you hiding behind your +back? Tell us, there’s a dear. + +BLOOM: _(Seizes her wrist with his free hand.)_ Josie Powell that was, +prettiest deb in Dublin. How time flies by! Do you remember, harking +back in a retrospective arrangement, Old Christmas night, Georgina +Simpson’s housewarming while they were playing the Irving Bishop game, +finding the pin blindfold and thoughtreading? Subject, what is in this +snuffbox? + +MRS BREEN: You were the lion of the night with your seriocomic +recitation and you looked the part. You were always a favourite with +the ladies. + +BLOOM: _(Squire of dames, in dinner jacket with wateredsilk facings, +blue masonic badge in his buttonhole, black bow and mother-of-pearl +studs, a prismatic champagne glass tilted in his hand.)_ Ladies and +gentlemen, I give you Ireland, home and beauty. + +MRS BREEN: The dear dead days beyond recall. Love’s old sweet song. + +BLOOM: _(Meaningfully dropping his voice.)_ I confess I’m teapot with +curiosity to find out whether some person’s something is a little +teapot at present. + +MRS BREEN: _(Gushingly.)_ Tremendously teapot! London’s teapot and I’m +simply teapot all over me! _(She rubs sides with him.)_ After the +parlour mystery games and the crackers from the tree we sat on the +staircase ottoman. Under the mistletoe. Two is company. + +BLOOM: _(Wearing a purple Napoleon hat with an amber halfmoon, his +fingers and thumb passing slowly down to her soft moist meaty palm +which she surrenders gently.)_ The witching hour of night. I took the +splinter out of this hand, carefully, slowly. _(Tenderly, as he slips +on her finger a ruby ring.) Là ci darem la mano._ + +MRS BREEN: _(In a onepiece evening frock executed in moonlight blue, a +tinsel sylph’s diadem on her brow with her dancecard fallen beside her +moonblue satin slipper, curves her palm softly, breathing quickly.) +Voglio e non._ You’re hot! You’re scalding! The left hand nearest the +heart. + +BLOOM: When you made your present choice they said it was beauty and +the beast. I can never forgive you for that. _(His clenched fist at his +brow.)_ Think what it means. All you meant to me then. _(Hoarsely.)_ +Woman, it’s breaking me! + +_(Denis Breen, whitetallhatted, with Wisdom Hely’s sandwichboards, +shuffles past them in carpet slippers, his dull beard thrust out, +muttering to right and left. Little Alf Bergan, cloaked in the pall of +the ace of spades, dogs him to left and right, doubled in laughter.)_ + +ALF BERGAN: _(Points jeering at the sandwichboards.)_ U. p: up. + +MRS BREEN: _(To Bloom.)_ High jinks below stairs. _(She gives him the +glad eye.)_ Why didn’t you kiss the spot to make it well? You wanted +to. + +BLOOM: _(Shocked.)_ Molly’s best friend! Could you? + +MRS BREEN: _(Her pulpy tongue between her lips, offers a pigeon kiss.)_ +Hnhn. The answer is a lemon. Have you a little present for me there? + +BLOOM: _(Offhandedly.)_ Kosher. A snack for supper. The home without +potted meat is incomplete. I was at _Leah_, Mrs Bandmann Palmer. +Trenchant exponent of Shakespeare. Unfortunately threw away the +programme. Rattling good place round there for pigs’ feet. Feel. + +_(Richie Goulding, three ladies’ hats pinned on his head, appears +weighted to one side by the black legal bag of Collis and Ward on which +a skull and crossbones are painted in white limewash. He opens it and +shows it full of polonies, kippered herrings, Findon haddies and +tightpacked pills.)_ + +RICHIE: Best value in Dub. + +_(Bald Pat, bothered beetle, stands on the curbstone, folding his +napkin, waiting to wait.)_ + +PAT: _(Advances with a tilted dish of spillspilling gravy.)_ Steak and +kidney. Bottle of lager. Hee hee hee. Wait till I wait. + +RICHIE: Goodgod. Inev erate inall... + +_(With hanging head he marches doggedly forward. The navvy, lurching +by, gores him with his flaming pronghorn.)_ + +RICHIE: _(With a cry of pain, his hand to his back.)_ Ah! Bright’s! +Lights! + +BLOOM: _(Points to the navvy.)_ A spy. Don’t attract attention. I hate +stupid crowds. I am not on pleasure bent. I am in a grave predicament. + +MRS BREEN: Humbugging and deluthering as per usual with your cock and +bull story. + +BLOOM: I want to tell you a little secret about how I came to be here. +But you must never tell. Not even Molly. I have a most particular +reason. + +MRS BREEN: _(All agog.)_ O, not for worlds. + +BLOOM: Let’s walk on. Shall us? + +MRS BREEN: Let’s. + +_(The bawd makes an unheeded sign. Bloom walks on with Mrs Breen. The +terrier follows, whining piteously, wagging his tail.)_ + +THE BAWD: Jewman’s melt! + +BLOOM: _(In an oatmeal sporting suit, a sprig of woodbine in the lapel, +tony buff shirt, shepherd’s plaid Saint Andrew’s cross scarftie, white +spats, fawn dustcoat on his arm, tawny red brogues, fieldglasses in +bandolier and a grey billycock hat.)_ Do you remember a long long time, +years and years ago, just after Milly, Marionette we called her, was +weaned when we all went together to Fairyhouse races, was it? + +MRS BREEN: _(In smart Saxe tailormade, white velours hat and spider +veil.)_ Leopardstown. + +BLOOM: I mean, Leopardstown. And Molly won seven shillings on a three +year old named Nevertell and coming home along by Foxrock in that old +fiveseater shanderadan of a waggonette you were in your heyday then and +you had on that new hat of white velours with a surround of molefur +that Mrs Hayes advised you to buy because it was marked down to +nineteen and eleven, a bit of wire and an old rag of velveteen, and +I’ll lay you what you like she did it on purpose... + +MRS BREEN: She did, of course, the cat! Don’t tell me! Nice adviser! + +BLOOM: Because it didn’t suit you one quarter as well as the other +ducky little tammy toque with the bird of paradise wing in it that I +admired on you and you honestly looked just too fetching in it though +it was a pity to kill it, you cruel naughty creature, little mite of a +thing with a heart the size of a fullstop. + +MRS BREEN: _(Squeezes his arm, simpers.)_ Naughty cruel I was! + +BLOOM: _(Low, secretly, ever more rapidly.)_ And Molly was eating a +sandwich of spiced beef out of Mrs Joe Gallaher’s lunch basket. +Frankly, though she had her advisers or admirers, I never cared much +for her style. She was... + +MRS BREEN: Too... + +BLOOM: Yes. And Molly was laughing because Rogers and Maggot O’Reilly +were mimicking a cock as we passed a farmhouse and Marcus Tertius +Moses, the tea merchant, drove past us in a gig with his daughter, +Dancer Moses was her name, and the poodle in her lap bridled up and you +asked me if I ever heard or read or knew or came across... + +MRS BREEN: _(Eagerly.)_ Yes, yes, yes, yes, yes, yes, yes. + +_(She fades from his side. Followed by the whining dog he walks on +towards hellsgates. In an archway a standing woman, bent forward, her +feet apart, pisses cowily. Outside a shuttered pub a bunch of loiterers +listen to a tale which their brokensnouted gaffer rasps out with +raucous humour. An armless pair of them flop wrestling, growling, in +maimed sodden playfight.)_ + +THE GAFFER: _(Crouches, his voice twisted in his snout.)_ And when +Cairns came down from the scaffolding in Beaver street what was he +after doing it into only into the bucket of porter that was there +waiting on the shavings for Derwan’s plasterers. + +THE LOITERERS: _(Guffaw with cleft palates.)_ O jays! + +_(Their paintspeckled hats wag. Spattered with size and lime of their +lodges they frisk limblessly about him.)_ + +BLOOM: Coincidence too. They think it funny. Anything but that. Broad +daylight. Trying to walk. Lucky no woman. + +THE LOITERERS: Jays, that’s a good one. Glauber salts. O jays, into the +men’s porter. + +_(Bloom passes. Cheap whores, singly, coupled, shawled, dishevelled, +call from lanes, doors, corners.)_ + +THE WHORES: + +Are you going far, queer fellow? + +How’s your middle leg? + +Got a match on you? + +Eh, come here till I stiffen it for you. + +_(He plodges through their sump towards the lighted street beyond. From +a bulge of window curtains a gramophone rears a battered brazen trunk. +In the shadow a shebeenkeeper haggles with the navvy and the two +redcoats.)_ + +THE NAVVY: _(Belching.)_ Where’s the bloody house? + +THE SHEBEENKEEPER: Purdon street. Shilling a bottle of stout. +Respectable woman. + +THE NAVVY: _(Gripping the two redcoats, staggers forward with them.)_ +Come on, you British army! + +PRIVATE CARR: _(Behind his back.)_ He aint half balmy. + +PRIVATE COMPTON: _(Laughs.)_ What ho! + +PRIVATE CARR: _(To the navvy.)_ Portobello barracks canteen. You ask +for Carr. Just Carr. + +THE NAVVY: _(Shouts.)_ + + We are the boys. Of Wexford. + +PRIVATE COMPTON: Say! What price the sergeantmajor? + +PRIVATE CARR: Bennett? He’s my pal. I love old Bennett. + +THE NAVVY: _(Shouts.)_ + + The galling chain. + And free our native land. + +_(He staggers forward, dragging them with him. Bloom stops, at fault. +The dog approaches, his tongue outlolling, panting.)_ + +BLOOM: Wildgoose chase this. Disorderly houses. Lord knows where they +are gone. Drunks cover distance double quick. Nice mixup. Scene at +Westland row. Then jump in first class with third ticket. Then too far. +Train with engine behind. Might have taken me to Malahide or a siding +for the night or collision. Second drink does it. Once is a dose. What +am I following him for? Still, he’s the best of that lot. If I hadn’t +heard about Mrs Beaufoy Purefoy I wouldn’t have gone and wouldn’t have +met. Kismet. He’ll lose that cash. Relieving office here. Good biz for +cheapjacks, organs. What do ye lack? Soon got, soon gone. Might have +lost my life too with that mangongwheeltracktrolleyglarejuggernaut only +for presence of mind. Can’t always save you, though. If I had passed +Truelock’s window that day two minutes later would have been shot. +Absence of body. Still if bullet only went through my coat get damages +for shock, five hundred pounds. What was he? Kildare street club toff. +God help his gamekeeper. + +_(He gazes ahead, reading on the wall a scrawled chalk legend_ Wet +Dream _and a phallic design._) Odd! Molly drawing on the frosted +carriagepane at Kingstown. What’s that like? _(Gaudy dollwomen loll in +the lighted doorways, in window embrasures, smoking birdseye +cigarettes. The odour of the sicksweet weed floats towards him in slow +round ovalling wreaths.)_ + +THE WREATHS: Sweet are the sweets. Sweets of sin. + +BLOOM: My spine’s a bit limp. Go or turn? And this food? Eat it and get +all pigsticky. Absurd I am. Waste of money. One and eightpence too +much. _(The retriever drives a cold snivelling muzzle against his hand, +wagging his tail.)_ Strange how they take to me. Even that brute today. +Better speak to him first. Like women they like _rencontres._ Stinks +like a polecat. _Chacun son goût_. He might be mad. Dogdays. Uncertain +in his movements. Good fellow! Fido! Good fellow! Garryowen! _(The +wolfdog sprawls on his back, wriggling obscenely with begging paws, his +long black tongue lolling out.)_ Influence of his surroundings. Give +and have done with it. Provided nobody. _(Calling encouraging words he +shambles back with a furtive poacher’s tread, dogged by the setter into +a dark stalestunk corner. He unrolls one parcel and goes to dump the +crubeen softly but holds back and feels the trotter.)_ Sizeable for +threepence. But then I have it in my left hand. Calls for more effort. +Why? Smaller from want of use. O, let it slide. Two and six. + +_(With regret he lets the unrolled crubeen and trotter slide. The +mastiff mauls the bundle clumsily and gluts himself with growling +greed, crunching the bones. Two raincaped watch approach, silent, +vigilant. They murmur together.)_ + +THE WATCH: Bloom. Of Bloom. For Bloom. Bloom. + +_(Each lays hand on Bloom’s shoulder.)_ + +FIRST WATCH: Caught in the act. Commit no nuisance. + +BLOOM: _(Stammers.)_ I am doing good to others. + +_(A covey of gulls, storm petrels, rises hungrily from Liffey slime +with Banbury cakes in their beaks.)_ + +THE GULLS: Kaw kave kankury kake. + +BLOOM: The friend of man. Trained by kindness. + +_(He points. Bob Doran, toppling from a high barstool, sways over the +munching spaniel.)_ + +BOB DORAN: Towser. Give us the paw. Give the paw. + +_(The bulldog growls, his scruff standing, a gobbet of pig’s knuckle +between his molars through which rabid scumspittle dribbles. Bob Doran +falls silently into an area.)_ + +SECOND WATCH: Prevention of cruelty to animals. + +BLOOM: _(Enthusiastically.)_ A noble work! I scolded that tramdriver on +Harold’s cross bridge for illusing the poor horse with his harness +scab. Bad French I got for my pains. Of course it was frosty and the +last tram. All tales of circus life are highly demoralising. + +_(Signor Maffei, passionpale, in liontamer’s costume with diamond studs +in his shirtfront, steps forward, holding a circus paperhoop, a curling +carriagewhip and a revolver with which he covers the gorging +boarhound.)_ + +SIGNOR MAFFEI: _(With a sinister smile.)_ Ladies and gentlemen, my +educated greyhound. It was I broke in the bucking broncho Ajax with my +patent spiked saddle for carnivores. Lash under the belly with a +knotted thong. Block tackle and a strangling pulley will bring your +lion to heel, no matter how fractious, even _Leo ferox_ there, the +Libyan maneater. A redhot crowbar and some liniment rubbing on the +burning part produced Fritz of Amsterdam, the thinking hyena. _(He +glares.)_ I possess the Indian sign. The glint of my eye does it with +these breastsparklers. _(With a bewitching smile.)_ I now introduce +Mademoiselle Ruby, the pride of the ring. + +FIRST WATCH: Come. Name and address. + +BLOOM: I have forgotten for the moment. Ah, yes! _(He takes off his +high grade hat, saluting.)_ Dr Bloom, Leopold, dental surgeon. You have +heard of von Blum Pasha. Umpteen millions. _Donnerwetter!_ Owns half +Austria. Egypt. Cousin. + +FIRST WATCH: Proof. + +_(A card falls from inside the leather headband of Bloom’s hat.)_ + +BLOOM: _(In red fez, cadi’s dress coat with broad green sash, wearing a +false badge of the Legion of Honour, picks up the card hastily and +offers it.)_ Allow me. My club is the Junior Army and Navy. Solicitors: +Messrs John Henry Menton, 27 Bachelor’s Walk. + +FIRST WATCH: _(Reads.)_ Henry Flower. No fixed abode. Unlawfully +watching and besetting. + +SECOND WATCH: An alibi. You are cautioned. + +BLOOM: _(Produces from his heartpocket a crumpled yellow flower.)_ This +is the flower in question. It was given me by a man I don’t know his +name. _(Plausibly.)_ You know that old joke, rose of Castile. Bloom. +The change of name. Virag. _(He murmurs privately and confidentially.)_ +We are engaged you see, sergeant. Lady in the case. Love entanglement. +_(He shoulders the second watch gently.)_ Dash it all. It’s a way we +gallants have in the navy. Uniform that does it. _(He turns gravely to +the first watch.)_ Still, of course, you do get your Waterloo +sometimes. Drop in some evening and have a glass of old Burgundy. _(To +the second watch gaily.)_ I’ll introduce you, inspector. She’s game. Do +it in the shake of a lamb’s tail. + +_(A dark mercurialised face appears, leading a veiled figure.)_ + +THE DARK MERCURY: The Castle is looking for him. He was drummed out of +the army. + +MARTHA: _(Thickveiled, a crimson halter round her neck, a copy of the_ +Irish Times _in her hand, in tone of reproach, pointing.)_ Henry! +Leopold! Lionel, thou lost one! Clear my name. + +FIRST WATCH: _(Sternly.)_ Come to the station. + +BLOOM: _(Scared, hats himself, steps back, then, plucking at his heart +and lifting his right forearm on the square, he gives the sign and +dueguard of fellowcraft.)_ No, no, worshipful master, light of love. +Mistaken identity. The Lyons mail. Lesurques and Dubosc. You remember +the Childs fratricide case. We medical men. By striking him dead with a +hatchet. I am wrongfully accused. Better one guilty escape than +ninetynine wrongfully condemned. + +MARTHA: _(Sobbing behind her veil.)_ Breach of promise. My real name is +Peggy Griffin. He wrote to me that he was miserable. I’ll tell my +brother, the Bective rugger fullback, on you, heartless flirt. + +BLOOM: _(Behind his hand.)_ She’s drunk. The woman is inebriated. _(He +murmurs vaguely the pass of Ephraim.)_ Shitbroleeth. + +SECOND WATCH: _(Tears in his eyes, to Bloom.)_ You ought to be +thoroughly well ashamed of yourself. + +BLOOM: Gentlemen of the jury, let me explain. A pure mare’s nest. I am +a man misunderstood. I am being made a scapegoat of. I am a respectable +married man, without a stain on my character. I live in Eccles street. +My wife, I am the daughter of a most distinguished commander, a gallant +upstanding gentleman, what do you call him, Majorgeneral Brian Tweedy, +one of Britain’s fighting men who helped to win our battles. Got his +majority for the heroic defence of Rorke’s Drift. + +FIRST WATCH: Regiment. + +BLOOM: _(Turns to the gallery.)_ The royal Dublins, boys, the salt of +the earth, known the world over. I think I see some old comrades in +arms up there among you. The R. D. F., with our own Metropolitan +police, guardians of our homes, the pluckiest lads and the finest body +of men, as physique, in the service of our sovereign. + +A VOICE: Turncoat! Up the Boers! Who booed Joe Chamberlain? + +BLOOM: _(His hand on the shoulder of the first watch.)_ My old dad too +was a J. P. I’m as staunch a Britisher as you are, sir. I fought with +the colours for king and country in the absentminded war under general +Gough in the park and was disabled at Spion Kop and Bloemfontein, was +mentioned in dispatches. I did all a white man could. _(With quiet +feeling.)_ Jim Bludso. Hold her nozzle again the bank. + +FIRST WATCH: Profession or trade. + +BLOOM: Well, I follow a literary occupation, author-journalist. In fact +we are just bringing out a collection of prize stories of which I am +the inventor, something that is an entirely new departure. I am +connected with the British and Irish press. If you ring up... + +_(Myles Crawford strides out jerkily, a quill between his teeth. His +scarlet beak blazes within the aureole of his straw hat. He dangles a +hank of Spanish onions in one hand and holds with the other hand a +telephone receiver nozzle to his ear.)_ + +MYLES CRAWFORD: _(His cock’s wattles wagging.)_ Hello, seventyseven +eightfour. Hello. _Freeman’s Urinal_ and _Weekly Arsewipe_ here. +Paralyse Europe. You which? Bluebags? Who writes? Is it Bloom? + +_(Mr Philip Beaufoy, palefaced, stands in the witnessbox, in accurate +morning dress, outbreast pocket with peak of handkerchief showing, +creased lavender trousers and patent boots. He carries a large +portfolio labelled_ Matcham’s Masterstrokes.) + +BEAUFOY: _(Drawls.)_ No, you aren’t. Not by a long shot if I know it. I +don’t see it, that’s all. No born gentleman, no-one with the most +rudimentary promptings of a gentleman would stoop to such particularly +loathsome conduct. One of those, my lord. A plagiarist. A soapy sneak +masquerading as a literateur. It’s perfectly obvious that with the most +inherent baseness he has cribbed some of my bestselling copy, really +gorgeous stuff, a perfect gem, the love passages in which are beneath +suspicion. The Beaufoy books of love and great possessions, with which +your lordship is doubtless familiar, are a household word throughout +the kingdom. + +BLOOM: _(Murmurs with hangdog meekness glum.)_ That bit about the +laughing witch hand in hand I take exception to, if I may... + +BEAUFOY: _(His lip upcurled, smiles superciliously on the court.)_ You +funny ass, you! You’re too beastly awfully weird for words! I don’t +think you need over excessively disincommodate yourself in that regard. +My literary agent Mr J. B. Pinker is in attendance. I presume, my lord, +we shall receive the usual witnesses’ fees, shan’t we? We are +considerably out of pocket over this bally pressman johnny, this +jackdaw of Rheims, who has not even been to a university. + +BLOOM: _(Indistinctly.)_ University of life. Bad art. + +BEAUFOY: _(Shouts.)_ It’s a damnably foul lie, showing the moral +rottenness of the man! _(He extends his portfolio.)_ We have here +damning evidence, the _corpus delicti_, my lord, a specimen of my +maturer work disfigured by the hallmark of the beast. + +A VOICE FROM THE GALLERY: + + Moses, Moses, king of the jews, + Wiped his arse in the _Daily News_. + +BLOOM: _(Bravely.)_ Overdrawn. + +BEAUFOY: You low cad! You ought to be ducked in the horsepond, you +rotter! _(To the court.)_ Why, look at the man’s private life! Leading +a quadruple existence! Street angel and house devil. Not fit to be +mentioned in mixed society! The archconspirator of the age! + +BLOOM: _(To the court.)_ And he, a bachelor, how... + +FIRST WATCH: The King versus Bloom. Call the woman Driscoll. + +THE CRIER: Mary Driscoll, scullerymaid! + +_(Mary Driscoll, a slipshod servant girl, approaches. She has a bucket +on the crook of her arm and a scouringbrush in her hand.)_ + +SECOND WATCH: Another! Are you of the unfortunate class? + +MARY DRISCOLL: _(Indignantly.)_ I’m not a bad one. I bear a respectable +character and was four months in my last place. I was in a situation, +six pounds a year and my chances with Fridays out and I had to leave +owing to his carryings on. + +FIRST WATCH: What do you tax him with? + +MARY DRISCOLL: He made a certain suggestion but I thought more of +myself as poor as I am. + +BLOOM: _(In housejacket of ripplecloth, flannel trousers, heelless +slippers, unshaven, his hair rumpled: softly.)_ I treated you white. I +gave you mementos, smart emerald garters far above your station. +Incautiously I took your part when you were accused of pilfering. +There’s a medium in all things. Play cricket. + +MARY DRISCOLL: _(Excitedly.)_ As God is looking down on me this night +if ever I laid a hand to them oylsters! + +FIRST WATCH: The offence complained of? Did something happen? + +MARY DRISCOLL: He surprised me in the rere of the premises, Your +honour, when the missus was out shopping one morning with a request for +a safety pin. He held me and I was discoloured in four places as a +result. And he interfered twict with my clothing. + +BLOOM: She counterassaulted. + +MARY DRISCOLL: _(Scornfully.)_ I had more respect for the +scouringbrush, so I had. I remonstrated with him, Your lord, and he +remarked: keep it quiet. + +_(General laughter.)_ + +GEORGE FOTTRELL: _(Clerk of the crown and peace, resonantly.)_ Order in +court! The accused will now make a bogus statement. + +_(Bloom, pleading not guilty and holding a fullblown waterlily, begins +a long unintelligible speech. They would hear what counsel had to say +in his stirring address to the grand jury. He was down and out but, +though branded as a black sheep, if he might say so, he meant to +reform, to retrieve the memory of the past in a purely sisterly way and +return to nature as a purely domestic animal. A sevenmonths’ child, he +had been carefully brought up and nurtured by an aged bedridden parent. +There might have been lapses of an erring father but he wanted to turn +over a new leaf and now, when at long last in sight of the whipping +post, to lead a homely life in the evening of his days, permeated by +the affectionate surroundings of the heaving bosom of the family. An +acclimatised Britisher, he had seen that summer eve from the footplate +of an engine cab of the Loop line railway company while the rain +refrained from falling glimpses, as it were, through the windows of +loveful households in Dublin city and urban district of scenes truly +rural of happiness of the better land with Dockrell’s wallpaper at one +and ninepence a dozen, innocent Britishborn bairns lisping prayers to +the Sacred Infant, youthful scholars grappling with their pensums or +model young ladies playing on the pianoforte or anon all with fervour +reciting the family rosary round the crackling Yulelog while in the +boreens and green lanes the colleens with their swains strolled what +times the strains of the organtoned melodeon Britannia metalbound with +four acting stops and twelvefold bellows, a sacrifice, greatest bargain +ever...._ + +_(Renewed laughter. He mumbles incoherently. Reporters complain that +they cannot hear.)_ + +LONGHAND AND SHORTHAND: _(Without looking up from their notebooks.)_ +Loosen his boots. + +PROFESSOR MACHUGH: _(From the presstable, coughs and calls.)_ Cough it +up, man. Get it out in bits. + +_(The crossexamination proceeds_ re _Bloom and the bucket. A large +bucket. Bloom himself. Bowel trouble. In Beaver street. Gripe, yes. +Quite bad. A plasterer’s bucket. By walking stifflegged. Suffered +untold misery. Deadly agony. About noon. Love or burgundy. Yes, some +spinach. Crucial moment. He did not look in the bucket. Nobody. Rather +a mess. Not completely. A_ Titbits _back number_.) + +_(Uproar and catcalls. Bloom in a torn frockcoat stained with +whitewash, dinged silk hat sideways on his head, a strip of +stickingplaster across his nose, talks inaudibly.)_ + +J. J. O’MOLLOY: _(In barrister’s grey wig and stuffgown, speaking with +a voice of pained protest.)_ This is no place for indecent levity at +the expense of an erring mortal disguised in liquor. We are not in a +beargarden nor at an Oxford rag nor is this a travesty of justice. My +client is an infant, a poor foreign immigrant who started scratch as a +stowaway and is now trying to turn an honest penny. The trumped up +misdemeanour was due to a momentary aberration of heredity, brought on +by hallucination, such familiarities as the alleged guilty occurrence +being quite permitted in my client’s native place, the land of the +Pharaoh. _Prima facie_, I put it to you that there was no attempt at +carnally knowing. Intimacy did not occur and the offence complained of +by Driscoll, that her virtue was solicited, was not repeated. I would +deal in especial with atavism. There have been cases of shipwreck and +somnambulism in my client’s family. If the accused could speak he could +a tale unfold—one of the strangest that have ever been narrated between +the covers of a book. He himself, my lord, is a physical wreck from +cobbler’s weak chest. His submission is that he is of Mongolian +extraction and irresponsible for his actions. Not all there, in fact. + +BLOOM: _(Barefoot, pigeonbreasted, in lascar’s vest and trousers, +apologetic toes turned in, opens his tiny mole’s eyes and looks about +him dazedly, passing a slow hand across his forehead. Then he hitches +his belt sailor fashion and with a shrug of oriental obeisance salutes +the court, pointing one thumb heavenward.)_ Him makee velly muchee fine +night. _(He begins to lilt simply.)_ + + Li li poo lil chile + Blingee pigfoot evly night + Payee two shilly... + +_(He is howled down.)_ + +J. J. O’MOLLOY: _(Hotly to the populace.)_ This is a lonehand fight. By +Hades, I will not have any client of mine gagged and badgered in this +fashion by a pack of curs and laughing hyenas. The Mosaic code has +superseded the law of the jungle. I say it and I say it emphatically, +without wishing for one moment to defeat the ends of justice, accused +was not accessory before the act and prosecutrix has not been tampered +with. The young person was treated by defendant as if she were his very +own daughter. _(Bloom takes J. J. O’Molloy’s hand and raises it to his +lips.)_ I shall call rebutting evidence to prove up to the hilt that +the hidden hand is again at its old game. When in doubt persecute +Bloom. My client, an innately bashful man, would be the last man in the +world to do anything ungentlemanly which injured modesty could object +to or cast a stone at a girl who took the wrong turning when some +dastard, responsible for her condition, had worked his own sweet will +on her. He wants to go straight. I regard him as the whitest man I +know. He is down on his luck at present owing to the mortgaging of his +extensive property at Agendath Netaim in faraway Asia Minor, slides of +which will now be shown. _(To Bloom.)_ I suggest that you will do the +handsome thing. + +BLOOM: A penny in the pound. + +_(The image of the lake of Kinnereth with blurred cattle cropping in +silver haze is projected on the wall. Moses Dlugacz, ferreteyed albino, +in blue dungarees, stands up in the gallery, holding in each hand an +orange citron and a pork kidney.)_ + +DLUGACZ: _(Hoarsely.)_ Bleibtreustrasse, Berlin, W. 13. + +_(J. J. O’Molloy steps on to a low plinth and holds the lapel of his +coat with solemnity. His face lengthens, grows pale and bearded, with +sunken eyes, the blotches of phthisis and hectic cheekbones of John F. +Taylor. He applies his handkerchief to his mouth and scrutinises the +galloping tide of rosepink blood.)_ + +J. J. O’MOLLOY: _(Almost voicelessly.)_ Excuse me. I am suffering from +a severe chill, have recently come from a sickbed. A few wellchosen +words. _(He assumes the avine head, foxy moustache and proboscidal +eloquence of Seymour Bushe.)_ When the angel’s book comes to be opened +if aught that the pensive bosom has inaugurated of soultransfigured and +of soultransfiguring deserves to live I say accord the prisoner at the +bar the sacred benefit of the doubt. + +_(A paper with something written on it is handed into court._) + +BLOOM: _(In court dress.)_ Can give best references. Messrs Callan, +Coleman. Mr Wisdom Hely J. P. My old chief Joe Cuffe. Mr V. B. Dillon, +ex lord mayor of Dublin. I have moved in the charmed circle of the +highest... Queens of Dublin society. _(Carelessly.)_ I was just +chatting this afternoon at the viceregal lodge to my old pals, sir +Robert and lady Ball, astronomer royal, at the levee. Sir Bob, I +said... + +MRS YELVERTON BARRY: _(In lowcorsaged opal balldress and elbowlength +ivory gloves, wearing a sabletrimmed brickquilted dolman, a comb of +brilliants and panache of osprey in her hair.)_ Arrest him, constable. +He wrote me an anonymous letter in prentice backhand when my husband +was in the North Riding of Tipperary on the Munster circuit, signed +James Lovebirch. He said that he had seen from the gods my peerless +globes as I sat in a box of the _Theatre Royal_ at a command +performance of _La Cigale_. I deeply inflamed him, he said. He made +improper overtures to me to misconduct myself at half past four p.m. on +the following Thursday, Dunsink time. He offered to send me through the +post a work of fiction by Monsieur Paul de Kock, entitled _The Girl +with the Three Pairs of Stays_. + +MRS BELLINGHAM: _(In cap and seal coney mantle, wrapped up to the nose, +steps out of her brougham and scans through tortoiseshell +quizzing-glasses which she takes from inside her huge opossum muff.)_ +Also to me. Yes, I believe it is the same objectionable person. Because +he closed my carriage door outside sir Thornley Stoker’s one sleety day +during the cold snap of February ninetythree when even the grid of the +wastepipe and the ballstop in my bath cistern were frozen. Subsequently +he enclosed a bloom of edelweiss culled on the heights, as he said, in +my honour. I had it examined by a botanical expert and elicited the +information that it was a blossom of the homegrown potato plant +purloined from a forcingcase of the model farm. + +MRS YELVERTON BARRY: Shame on him! + +_(A crowd of sluts and ragamuffins surges forward.)_ + +THE SLUTS AND RAGAMUFFINS: _(Screaming.)_ Stop thief! Hurrah there, +Bluebeard! Three cheers for Ikey Mo! + +SECOND WATCH: _(Produces handcuffs.)_ Here are the darbies. + +MRS BELLINGHAM: He addressed me in several handwritings with fulsome +compliments as a Venus in furs and alleged profound pity for my +frostbound coachman Palmer while in the same breath he expressed +himself as envious of his earflaps and fleecy sheepskins and of his +fortunate proximity to my person, when standing behind my chair wearing +my livery and the armorial bearings of the Bellingham escutcheon +garnished sable, a buck’s head couped or. He lauded almost +extravagantly my nether extremities, my swelling calves in silk hose +drawn up to the limit, and eulogised glowingly my other hidden +treasures in priceless lace which, he said, he could conjure up. He +urged me (Stating that he felt it his mission in life to urge me.) to +defile the marriage bed, to commit adultery at the earliest possible +opportunity. + +THE HONOURABLE MRS MERVYN TALBOYS: _(In amazon costume, hard hat, +jackboots cockspurred, vermilion waistcoat, fawn musketeer gauntlets +with braided drums, long train held up and hunting crop with which she +strikes her welt constantly.)_ Also me. Because he saw me on the polo +ground of the Phoenix park at the match All Ireland versus the Rest of +Ireland. My eyes, I know, shone divinely as I watched Captain Slogger +Dennehy of the Inniskillings win the final chukkar on his darling cob +_Centaur._ This plebeian Don Juan observed me from behind a hackney car +and sent me in double envelopes an obscene photograph, such as are sold +after dark on Paris boulevards, insulting to any lady. I have it still. +It represents a partially nude señorita, frail and lovely (his wife, as +he solemnly assured me, taken by him from nature), practising illicit +intercourse with a muscular torero, evidently a blackguard. He urged me +to do likewise, to misbehave, to sin with officers of the garrison. He +implored me to soil his letter in an unspeakable manner, to chastise +him as he richly deserves, to bestride and ride him, to give him a most +vicious horsewhipping. + +MRS BELLINGHAM: Me too. + +MRS YELVERTON BARRY: Me too. + +_(Several highly respectable Dublin ladies hold up improper letters +received from Bloom.)_ + +THE HONOURABLE MRS MERVYN TALBOYS: _(Stamps her jingling spurs in a +sudden paroxysm of fury.)_ I will, by the God above me. I’ll scourge +the pigeonlivered cur as long as I can stand over him. I’ll flay him +alive. + +BLOOM: _(His eyes closing, quails expectantly.)_ Here? _(He squirms.)_ +Again! _(He pants cringing.)_ I love the danger. + +THE HONOURABLE MRS MERVYN TALBOYS: Very much so! I’ll make it hot for +you. I’ll make you dance Jack Latten for that. + +MRS BELLINGHAM: Tan his breech well, the upstart! Write the stars and +stripes on it! + +MRS YELVERTON BARRY: Disgraceful! There’s no excuse for him! A married +man! + +BLOOM: All these people. I meant only the spanking idea. A warm +tingling glow without effusion. Refined birching to stimulate the +circulation. + +THE HONOURABLE MRS MERVYN TALBOYS: _(Laughs derisively.)_ O, did you, +my fine fellow? Well, by the living God, you’ll get the surprise of +your life now, believe me, the most unmerciful hiding a man ever +bargained for. You have lashed the dormant tigress in my nature into +fury. + +MRS BELLINGHAM: _(Shakes her muff and quizzing-glasses vindictively.)_ +Make him smart, Hanna dear. Give him ginger. Thrash the mongrel within +an inch of his life. The cat-o’-nine-tails. Geld him. Vivisect him. + +BLOOM: _(Shuddering, shrinking, joins his hands: with hangdog mien.)_ O +cold! O shivery! It was your ambrosial beauty. Forget, forgive. Kismet. +Let me off this once. _(He offers the other cheek.)_ + +MRS YELVERTON BARRY: _(Severely.)_ Don’t do so on any account, Mrs +Talboys! He should be soundly trounced! + +THE HONOURABLE MRS MERVYN TALBOYS: _(Unbuttoning her gauntlet +violently.)_ I’ll do no such thing. Pigdog and always was ever since he +was pupped! To dare address me! I’ll flog him black and blue in the +public streets. I’ll dig my spurs in him up to the rowel. He is a +wellknown cuckold. _(She swishes her huntingcrop savagely in the air.)_ +Take down his trousers without loss of time. Come here, sir! Quick! +Ready? + +BLOOM: _(Trembling, beginning to obey.)_ The weather has been so warm. + +_(Davy Stephens, ringletted, passes with a bevy of barefoot newsboys.)_ + +DAVY STEPHENS: _Messenger of the Sacred Heart_ and _Evening Telegraph_ +with Saint Patrick’s Day supplement. Containing the new addresses of +all the cuckolds in Dublin. + +_(The very reverend Canon O’Hanlon in cloth of gold cope elevates and +exposes a marble timepiece. Before him Father Conroy and the reverend +John Hughes S. J. bend low.)_ + +THE TIMEPIECE: _(Unportalling.)_ + + Cuckoo. + Cuckoo. + Cuckoo. + +_(The brass quoits of a bed are heard to jingle.)_ + +THE QUOITS: Jigjag. Jigajiga. Jigjag. + +_(A panel of fog rolls back rapidly, revealing rapidly in the jurybox +the faces of Martin Cunningham, foreman, silkhatted, Jack Power, Simon +Dedalus, Tom Kernan, Ned Lambert, John Henry Menton, Myles Crawford, +Lenehan, Paddy Leonard, Nosey Flynn, M’Coy and the featureless face of +a Nameless One.)_ + +THE NAMELESS ONE: Bareback riding. Weight for age. Gob, he organised +her. + +THE JURORS: _(All their heads turned to his voice.)_ Really? + +THE NAMELESS ONE: _(Snarls.)_ Arse over tip. Hundred shillings to five. + +THE JURORS: _(All their heads lowered in assent.)_ Most of us thought +as much. + +FIRST WATCH: He is a marked man. Another girl’s plait cut. Wanted: Jack +the Ripper. A thousand pounds reward. + +SECOND WATCH: _(Awed, whispers.)_ And in black. A mormon. Anarchist. + +THE CRIER: _(Loudly.)_ Whereas Leopold Bloom of no fixed abode is a +wellknown dynamitard, forger, bigamist, bawd and cuckold and a public +nuisance to the citizens of Dublin and whereas at this commission of +assizes the most honourable... + +_(His Honour, sir Frederick Falkiner, recorder of Dublin, in judicial +garb of grey stone rises from the bench, stonebearded. He bears in his +arms an umbrella sceptre. From his forehead arise starkly the Mosaic +ramshorns.)_ + +THE RECORDER: I will put an end to this white slave traffic and rid +Dublin of this odious pest. Scandalous! _(He dons the black cap.)_ Let +him be taken, Mr Subsheriff, from the dock where he now stands and +detained in custody in Mountjoy prison during His Majesty’s pleasure +and there be hanged by the neck until he is dead and therein fail not +at your peril or may the Lord have mercy on your soul. Remove him. _(A +black skullcap descends upon his head.)_ + +_(The subsheriff Long John Fanning appears, smoking a pungent Henry +Clay.)_ + +LONG JOHN FANNING: _(Scowls and calls with rich rolling utterance.)_ +Who’ll hang Judas Iscariot? + +_(H. Rumbold, master barber, in a bloodcoloured jerkin and tanner’s +apron, a rope coiled over his shoulder, mounts the block. A life +preserver and a nailstudded bludgeon are stuck in his belt. He rubs +grimly his grappling hands, knobbed with knuckledusters.)_ + +RUMBOLD: _(To the recorder with sinister familiarity.)_ Hanging Harry, +your Majesty, the Mersey terror. Five guineas a jugular. Neck or +nothing. + +_(The bells of George’s church toll slowly, loud dark iron.)_ + +THE BELLS: Heigho! Heigho! + +BLOOM: _(Desperately.)_ Wait. Stop. Gulls. Good heart. I saw. +Innocence. Girl in the monkeyhouse. Zoo. Lewd chimpanzee. +_(Breathlessly.)_ Pelvic basin. Her artless blush unmanned me. +_(Overcome with emotion.)_ I left the precincts. (He turns to a figure +in the crowd, appealing.) Hynes, may I speak to you? You know me. That +three shillings you can keep. If you want a little more... + +HYNES: _(Coldly.)_ You are a perfect stranger. + +SECOND WATCH: _(Points to the corner.)_ The bomb is here. + +FIRST WATCH: Infernal machine with a time fuse. + +BLOOM: No, no. Pig’s feet. I was at a funeral. + +FIRST WATCH: _(Draws his truncheon.)_ Liar! + +_(The beagle lifts his snout, showing the grey scorbutic face of Paddy +Dignam. He has gnawed all. He exhales a putrid carcasefed breath. He +grows to human size and shape. His dachshund coat becomes a brown +mortuary habit. His green eye flashes bloodshot. Half of one ear, all +the nose and both thumbs are ghouleaten.)_ + +PADDY DIGNAM: _(In a hollow voice.)_ It is true. It was my funeral. +Doctor Finucane pronounced life extinct when I succumbed to the disease +from natural causes. + +_(He lifts his mutilated ashen face moonwards and bays lugubriously.)_ + +BLOOM: _(In triumph.)_ You hear? + +PADDY DIGNAM: Bloom, I am Paddy Dignam’s spirit. List, list, O list! + +BLOOM: The voice is the voice of Esau. + +SECOND WATCH: _(Blesses himself.)_ How is that possible? + +FIRST WATCH: It is not in the penny catechism. + +PADDY DIGNAM: By metempsychosis. Spooks. + +A VOICE: O rocks. + +PADDY DIGNAM: _(Earnestly.)_ Once I was in the employ of Mr J. H. +Menton, solicitor, commissioner for oaths and affidavits, of 27 +Bachelor’s Walk. Now I am defunct, the wall of the heart hypertrophied. +Hard lines. The poor wife was awfully cut up. How is she bearing it? +Keep her off that bottle of sherry. _(He looks round him.)_ A lamp. I +must satisfy an animal need. That buttermilk didn’t agree with me. + +_(The portly figure of John O’Connell, caretaker, stands forth, holding +a bunch of keys tied with crape. Beside him stands Father Coffey, +chaplain, toadbellied, wrynecked, in a surplice and bandanna nightcap, +holding sleepily a staff of twisted poppies.)_ + +FATHER COFFEY: _(Yawns, then chants with a hoarse croak.)_ Namine. +Jacobs. Vobiscuits. Amen. + +JOHN O’CONNELL: _(Foghorns stormily through his megaphone.)_ Dignam, +Patrick T, deceased. + +PADDY DIGNAM: _(With pricked up ears, winces.)_ Overtones. _(He +wriggles forward and places an ear to the ground.)_ My master’s voice! + +JOHN O’CONNELL: Burial docket letter number U. P. eightyfive thousand. +Field seventeen. House of Keys. Plot, one hundred and one. + +_(Paddy Dignam listens with visible effort, thinking, his tail +stiffpointed, his ears cocked.)_ + +PADDY DIGNAM: Pray for the repose of his soul. + +_(He worms down through a coalhole, his brown habit trailing its tether +over rattling pebbles. After him toddles an obese grandfather rat on +fungus turtle paws under a grey carapace. Dignam’s voice, muffled, is +heard baying under ground:_ Dignam’s dead and gone below. _Tom +Rochford, robinredbreasted, in cap and breeches, jumps from his +twocolumned machine.)_ + +TOM ROCHFORD: _(A hand to his breastbone, bows.)_ Reuben J. A florin I +find him. _(He fixes the manhole with a resolute stare.)_ My turn now +on. Follow me up to Carlow. + +_(He executes a daredevil salmon leap in the air and is engulfed in the +coalhole. Two discs on the columns wobble, eyes of nought. All recedes. +Bloom plodges forward again through the sump. Kisses chirp amid the +rifts of fog. A piano sounds. He stands before a lighted house, +listening. The kisses, winging from their bowers, fly about him, +twittering, warbling, cooing.)_ + +THE KISSES: _(Warbling.)_ Leo! _(Twittering.)_ Icky licky micky sticky +for Leo! _(Cooing.)_ Coo coocoo! Yummyyum, Womwom! _(Warbling.)_ Big +comebig! Pirouette! Leopopold! _(Twittering.)_ Leeolee! _(Warbling.)_ O +Leo! + +_(They rustle, flutter upon his garments, alight, bright giddy flecks, +silvery sequins.)_ + +BLOOM: A man’s touch. Sad music. Church music. Perhaps here. + +_(Zoe Higgins, a young whore in a sapphire slip, closed with three +bronze buckles, a slim black velvet fillet round her throat, nods, +trips down the steps and accosts him.)_ + +ZOE: Are you looking for someone? He’s inside with his friend. + +BLOOM: Is this Mrs Mack’s? + +ZOE: No, eightyone. Mrs Cohen’s. You might go farther and fare worse. +Mother Slipperslapper. _(Familiarly.)_ She’s on the job herself tonight +with the vet her tipster that gives her all the winners and pays for +her son in Oxford. Working overtime but her luck’s turned today. +_(Suspiciously.)_ You’re not his father, are you? + +BLOOM: Not I! + +ZOE: You both in black. Has little mousey any tickles tonight? + +_(His skin, alert, feels her fingertips approach. A hand glides over +his left thigh.)_ + +ZOE: How’s the nuts? + +BLOOM: Off side. Curiously they are on the right. Heavier, I suppose. +One in a million my tailor, Mesias, says. + +ZOE: _(In sudden alarm.)_ You’ve a hard chancre. + +BLOOM: Not likely. + +ZOE: I feel it. + +_(Her hand slides into his left trouser pocket and brings out a hard +black shrivelled potato. She regards it and Bloom with dumb moist +lips.)_ + +BLOOM: A talisman. Heirloom. + +ZOE: For Zoe? For keeps? For being so nice, eh? + +_(She puts the potato greedily into a pocket then links his arm, +cuddling him with supple warmth. He smiles uneasily. Slowly, note by +note, oriental music is played. He gazes in the tawny crystal of her +eyes, ringed with kohol. His smile softens.)_ + +ZOE: You’ll know me the next time. + +BLOOM: _(Forlornly.)_ I never loved a dear gazelle but it was sure +to... + +_(Gazelles are leaping, feeding on the mountains. Near are lakes. Round +their shores file shadows black of cedargroves. Aroma rises, a strong +hairgrowth of resin. It burns, the orient, a sky of sapphire, cleft by +the bronze flight of eagles. Under it lies the womancity, nude, white, +still, cool, in luxury. A fountain murmurs among damask roses. Mammoth +roses murmur of scarlet winegrapes. A wine of shame, lust, blood +exudes, strangely murmuring.)_ + +ZOE: _(Murmuring singsong with the music, her odalisk lips lusciously +smeared with salve of swinefat and rosewater.) Schorach ani wenowach, +benoith Hierushaloim._ + +BLOOM: _(Fascinated.)_ I thought you were of good stock by your accent. + +ZOE: And you know what thought did? + +_(She bites his ear gently with little goldstopped teeth, sending on +him a cloying breath of stale garlic. The roses draw apart, disclose a +sepulchre of the gold of kings and their mouldering bones.)_ + +BLOOM: _(Draws back, mechanically caressing her right bub with a flat +awkward hand.)_ Are you a Dublin girl? + +ZOE: _(Catches a stray hair deftly and twists it to her coil.)_ No +bloody fear. I’m English. Have you a swaggerroot? + +BLOOM: _(As before.)_ Rarely smoke, dear. Cigar now and then. Childish +device. _(Lewdly.)_ The mouth can be better engaged than with a +cylinder of rank weed. + +ZOE: Go on. Make a stump speech out of it. + +BLOOM: _(In workman’s corduroy overalls, black gansy with red floating +tie and apache cap.)_ Mankind is incorrigible. Sir Walter Ralegh +brought from the new world that potato and that weed, the one a killer +of pestilence by absorption, the other a poisoner of the ear, eye, +heart, memory, will, understanding, all. That is to say he brought the +poison a hundred years before another person whose name I forget +brought the food. Suicide. Lies. All our habits. Why, look at our +public life! + +_(Midnight chimes from distant steeples.)_ + +THE CHIMES: Turn again, Leopold! Lord mayor of Dublin! + +BLOOM: _(In alderman’s gown and chain.)_ Electors of Arran Quay, Inns +Quay, Rotunda, Mountjoy and North Dock, better run a tramline, I say, +from the cattlemarket to the river. That’s the music of the future. +That’s my programme. _Cui bono?_ But our bucaneering Vanderdeckens in +their phantom ship of finance... + +AN ELECTOR: Three times three for our future chief magistrate! + +_(The aurora borealis of the torchlight procession leaps.)_ + +THE TORCHBEARERS: Hooray! + +_(Several wellknown burgesses, city magnates and freemen of the city +shake hands with Bloom and congratulate him. Timothy Harrington, late +thrice Lord Mayor of Dublin, imposing in mayoral scarlet, gold chain +and white silk tie, confers with councillor Lorcan Sherlock,_ locum +tenens. _They nod vigorously in agreement.)_ + +LATE LORD MAYOR HARRINGTON: _(In scarlet robe with mace, gold mayoral +chain and large white silk scarf.)_ That alderman sir Leo Bloom’s +speech be printed at the expense of the ratepayers. That the house in +which he was born be ornamented with a commemorative tablet and that +the thoroughfare hitherto known as Cow Parlour off Cork street be +henceforth designated Boulevard Bloom. + +COUNCILLOR LORCAN SHERLOCK: Carried unanimously. + +BLOOM: _(Impassionedly.)_ These flying Dutchmen or lying Dutchmen as +they recline in their upholstered poop, casting dice, what reck they? +Machines is their cry, their chimera, their panacea. Laboursaving +apparatuses, supplanters, bugbears, manufactured monsters for mutual +murder, hideous hobgoblins produced by a horde of capitalistic lusts +upon our prostituted labour. The poor man starves while they are +grassing their royal mountain stags or shooting peasants and +phartridges in their purblind pomp of pelf and power. But their reign +is rover for rever and ever and ev... + +_(Prolonged applause. Venetian masts, maypoles and festal arches spring +up. A streamer bearing the legends_ Cead Mile Failte _and_ Mah Ttob +Melek Israel _spans the street. All the windows are thronged with +sightseers, chiefly ladies. Along the route the regiments of the Royal +Dublin Fusiliers, the King’s own Scottish Borderers, the Cameron +Highlanders and the Welsh Fusiliers, standing to attention, keep back +the crowd. Boys from High school are perched on the lampposts, +telegraph poles, windowsills, cornices, gutters, chimneypots, railings, +rainspouts, whistling and cheering. The pillar of the cloud appears. A +fife and drum band is heard in the distance playing the Kol Nidre. The +beaters approach with imperial eagles hoisted, trailing banners and +waving oriental palms. The chryselephantine papal standard rises high, +surrounded by pennons of the civic flag. The van of the procession +appears headed by John Howard Parnell, city marshal, in a chessboard +tabard, the Athlone Poursuivant and Ulster King of Arms. They are +followed by the Right Honourable Joseph Hutchinson, lord mayor of +Dublin, his lordship the lord mayor of Cork, their worships the mayors +of Limerick, Galway, Sligo and Waterford, twentyeight Irish +representative peers, sirdars, grandees and maharajahs bearing the +cloth of estate, the Dublin Metropolitan Fire Brigade, the chapter of +the saints of finance in their plutocratic order of precedence, the +bishop of Down and Connor, His Eminence Michael cardinal Logue, +archbishop of Armagh, primate of all Ireland, His Grace, the most +reverend Dr William Alexander, archbishop of Armagh, primate of all +Ireland, the chief rabbi, the presbyterian moderator, the heads of the +baptist, anabaptist, methodist and Moravian chapels and the honorary +secretary of the society of friends. After them march the guilds and +trades and trainbands with flying colours: coopers, bird fanciers, +millwrights, newspaper canvassers, law scriveners, masseurs, vintners, +trussmakers, chimneysweeps, lard refiners, tabinet and poplin weavers, +farriers, Italian warehousemen, church decorators, bootjack +manufacturers, undertakers, silk mercers, lapidaries, salesmasters, +corkcutters, assessors of fire losses, dyers and cleaners, export +bottlers, fellmongers, ticketwriters, heraldic seal engravers, horse +repository hands, bullion brokers, cricket and archery outfitters, +riddlemakers, egg and potato factors, hosiers and glovers, plumbing +contractors. After them march gentlemen of the bedchamber, Black Rod, +Deputy Garter, Gold Stick, the master of horse, the lord great +chamberlain, the earl marshal, the high constable carrying the sword of +state, saint Stephen’s iron crown, the chalice and bible. Four buglers +on foot blow a sennet. Beefeaters reply, winding clarions of welcome. +Under an arch of triumph Bloom appears, bareheaded, in a crimson velvet +mantle trimmed with ermine, bearing Saint Edward’s staff, the orb and +sceptre with the dove, the curtana. He is seated on a milkwhite horse +with long flowing crimson tail, richly caparisoned, with golden +headstall. Wild excitement. The ladies from their balconies throw down +rosepetals. The air is perfumed with essences. The men cheer. Bloom’s +boys run amid the bystanders with branches of hawthorn and +wrenbushes.)_ + +BLOOM’S BOYS: + + The wren, the wren, + The king of all birds, + Saint Stephen’s his day + Was caught in the furze. + +A BLACKSMITH: _(Murmurs.)_ For the honour of God! And is that Bloom? He +scarcely looks thirtyone. + +A PAVIOR AND FLAGGER: That’s the famous Bloom now, the world’s greatest +reformer. Hats off! + +_(All uncover their heads. Women whisper eagerly.)_ + +A MILLIONAIRESS: _(Richly.)_ Isn’t he simply wonderful? + +A NOBLEWOMAN: _(Nobly.)_ All that man has seen! + +A FEMINIST: _(Masculinely.)_ And done! + +A BELLHANGER: A classic face! He has the forehead of a thinker. + +_(Bloom’s weather. A sunburst appears in the northwest.)_ + +THE BISHOP OF DOWN AND CONNOR: I here present your undoubted +emperor-president and king-chairman, the most serene and potent and +very puissant ruler of this realm. God save Leopold the First! + +ALL: God save Leopold the First! + +BLOOM: _(In dalmatic and purple mantle, to the bishop of Down and +Connor, with dignity.)_ Thanks, somewhat eminent sir. + +WILLIAM, ARCHBISHOP OF ARMAGH: _(In purple stock and shovel hat.)_ Will +you to your power cause law and mercy to be executed in all your +judgments in Ireland and territories thereunto belonging? + +BLOOM: _(Placing his right hand on his testicles, swears.)_ So may the +Creator deal with me. All this I promise to do. + +MICHAEL, ARCHBISHOP OF ARMAGH: _(Pours a cruse of hairoil over Bloom’s +head.) Gaudium magnum annuntio vobis. Habemus carneficem._ Leopold, +Patrick, Andrew, David, George, be thou anointed! + +_(Bloom assumes a mantle of cloth of gold and puts on a ruby ring. He +ascends and stands on the stone of destiny. The representative peers +put on at the same time their twentyeight crowns. Joybells ring in +Christ church, Saint Patrick’s, George’s and gay Malahide. Mirus bazaar +fireworks go up from all sides with symbolical phallopyrotechnic +designs. The peers do homage, one by one, approaching and +genuflecting.)_ + +THE PEERS: I do become your liege man of life and limb to earthly +worship. + +_(Bloom holds up his right hand on which sparkles the Koh-i-Noor +diamond. His palfrey neighs. Immediate silence. Wireless +intercontinental and interplanetary transmitters are set for reception +of message.)_ + +BLOOM: My subjects! We hereby nominate our faithful charger Copula +Felix hereditary Grand Vizier and announce that we have this day +repudiated our former spouse and have bestowed our royal hand upon the +princess Selene, the splendour of night. + +_(The former morganatic spouse of Bloom is hastily removed in the Black +Maria. The princess Selene, in moonblue robes, a silver crescent on her +head, descends from a Sedan chair, borne by two giants. An outburst of +cheering.)_ + +JOHN HOWARD PARNELL: _(Raises the royal standard.)_ Illustrious Bloom! +Successor to my famous brother! + +BLOOM: _(Embraces John Howard Parnell.)_ We thank you from our heart, +John, for this right royal welcome to green Erin, the promised land of +our common ancestors. + +_(The freedom of the city is presented to him embodied in a charter. +The keys of Dublin, crossed on a crimson cushion, are given to him. He +shows all that he is wearing green socks.)_ + +TOM KERNAN: You deserve it, your honour. + +BLOOM: On this day twenty years ago we overcame the hereditary enemy at +Ladysmith. Our howitzers and camel swivel guns played on his lines with +telling effect. Half a league onward! They charge! All is lost now! Do +we yield? No! We drive them headlong! Lo! We charge! Deploying to the +left our light horse swept across the heights of Plevna and, uttering +their warcry _Bonafide Sabaoth_, sabred the Saracen gunners to a man. + +THE CHAPEL OF FREEMAN TYPESETTERS: Hear! Hear! + +JOHN WYSE NOLAN: There’s the man that got away James Stephens. + +A BLUECOAT SCHOOLBOY: Bravo! + +AN OLD RESIDENT: You’re a credit to your country, sir, that’s what you +are. + +AN APPLEWOMAN: He’s a man like Ireland wants. + +BLOOM: My beloved subjects, a new era is about to dawn. I, Bloom, tell +you verily it is even now at hand. Yea, on the word of a Bloom, ye +shall ere long enter into the golden city which is to be, the new +Bloomusalem in the Nova Hibernia of the future. + +_(Thirtytwo workmen, wearing rosettes, from all the counties of +Ireland, under the guidance of Derwan the builder, construct the new +Bloomusalem. It is a colossal edifice with crystal roof, built in the +shape of a huge pork kidney, containing forty thousand rooms. In the +course of its extension several buildings and monuments are demolished. +Government offices are temporarily transferred to railway sheds. +Numerous houses are razed to the ground. The inhabitants are lodged in +barrels and boxes, all marked in red with the letters: L. B. Several +paupers fall from a ladder. A part of the walls of Dublin, crowded with +loyal sightseers, collapses.)_ + +THE SIGHTSEERS: _(Dying.) Morituri te salutant. (They die.)_ + +_(A man in a brown macintosh springs up through a trapdoor. He points +an elongated finger at Bloom.)_ + +THE MAN IN THE MACINTOSH: Don’t you believe a word he says. That man is +Leopold M’Intosh, the notorious fireraiser. His real name is Higgins. + +BLOOM: Shoot him! Dog of a christian! So much for M’Intosh! + +_(A cannonshot. The man in the macintosh disappears. Bloom with his +sceptre strikes down poppies. The instantaneous deaths of many powerful +enemies, graziers, members of parliament, members of standing +committees, are reported. Bloom’s bodyguard distribute Maundy money, +commemoration medals, loaves and fishes, temperance badges, expensive +Henry Clay cigars, free cowbones for soup, rubber preservatives in +sealed envelopes tied with gold thread, butter scotch, pineapple rock,_ +billets doux _in the form of cocked hats, readymade suits, porringers +of toad in the hole, bottles of Jeyes’ Fluid, purchase stamps, 40 days’ +indulgences, spurious coins, dairyfed pork sausages, theatre passes, +season tickets available for all tramlines, coupons of the royal and +privileged Hungarian lottery, penny dinner counters, cheap reprints of +the World’s Twelve Worst Books: Froggy And Fritz (politic), Care of the +Baby (infantilic), 50 Meals for 7/6 (culinic), Was Jesus a Sun Myth? +(historic), Expel that Pain (medic), Infant’s Compendium of the +Universe (cosmic), Let’s All Chortle (hilaric), Canvasser’s Vade Mecum +(journalic), Loveletters of Mother Assistant (erotic), Who’s Who in +Space (astric), Songs that Reached Our Heart (melodic), Pennywise’s Way +to Wealth (parsimonic). A general rush and scramble. Women press +forward to touch the hem of Bloom’s robe. The lady Gwendolen Dubedat +bursts through the throng, leaps on his horse and kisses him on both +cheeks amid great acclamation. A magnesium flashlight photograph is +taken. Babes and sucklings are held up.)_ + +THE WOMEN: Little father! Little father! + +THE BABES AND SUCKLINGS: + + Clap clap hands till Poldy comes home, + Cakes in his pocket for Leo alone. + +_(Bloom, bending down, pokes Baby Boardman gently in the stomach.)_ + +BABY BOARDMAN: _(Hiccups, curdled milk flowing from his mouth.)_ +Hajajaja. + +BLOOM: _(Shaking hands with a blind stripling.)_ My more than Brother! +_(Placing his arms round the shoulders of an old couple.)_ Dear old +friends! _(He plays pussy fourcorners with ragged boys and girls.)_ +Peep! Bopeep! _(He wheels twins in a perambulator.)_ Ticktacktwo +wouldyousetashoe? _(He performs juggler’s tricks, draws red, orange, +yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet silk handkerchiefs from his +mouth.)_ Roygbiv. 32 feet per second. _(He consoles a widow.)_ Absence +makes the heart grow younger. _(He dances the Highland fling with +grotesque antics.)_ Leg it, ye devils! _(He kisses the bedsores of a +palsied veteran.)_ Honourable wounds! _(He trips up a fat policeman.)_ +U. p: up. U. p: up. _(He whispers in the ear of a blushing waitress and +laughs kindly.)_ Ah, naughty, naughty! _(He eats a raw turnip offered +him by Maurice Butterly, farmer.)_ Fine! Splendid! _(He refuses to +accept three shillings offered him by Joseph Hynes, journalist.)_ My +dear fellow, not at all! _(He gives his coat to a beggar.)_ Please +accept. _(He takes part in a stomach race with elderly male and female +cripples.)_ Come on, boys! Wriggle it, girls! + +THE CITIZEN: _(Choked with emotion, brushes aside a tear in his emerald +muffler.)_ May the good God bless him! + +_(The rams’ horns sound for silence. The standard of Zion is hoisted.)_ + +BLOOM: _(Uncloaks impressively, revealing obesity, unrolls a paper and +reads solemnly.)_ Aleph Beth Ghimel Daleth Hagadah Tephilim Kosher Yom +Kippur Hanukah Roschaschana Beni Brith Bar Mitzvah Mazzoth Askenazim +Meshuggah Talith. + +_(An official translation is read by Jimmy Henry, assistant town +clerk.)_ + +JIMMY HENRY: The Court of Conscience is now open. His Most Catholic +Majesty will now administer open air justice. Free medical and legal +advice, solution of doubles and other problems. All cordially invited. +Given at this our loyal city of Dublin in the year 1 of the +Paradisiacal Era. + +PADDY LEONARD: What am I to do about my rates and taxes? + +BLOOM: Pay them, my friend. + +PADDY LEONARD: Thank you. + +NOSEY FLYNN: Can I raise a mortgage on my fire insurance? + +BLOOM: _(Obdurately.)_ Sirs, take notice that by the law of torts you +are bound over in your own recognisances for six months in the sum of +five pounds. + +J. J. O’MOLLOY: A Daniel did I say? Nay! A Peter O’Brien! + +NOSEY FLYNN: Where do I draw the five pounds? + +PISSER BURKE: For bladder trouble? + +BLOOM: + +_Acid. nit. hydrochlor. dil.,_ 20 minims +_Tinct. nux vom.,_ 5 minims +_Extr. taraxel. lig.,_ 30 minims. +_Aq. dis. ter in die._ + +CHRIS CALLINAN: What is the parallax of the subsolar ecliptic of +Aldebaran? + +BLOOM: Pleased to hear from you, Chris. K. 11. + +JOE HYNES: Why aren’t you in uniform? + +BLOOM: When my progenitor of sainted memory wore the uniform of the +Austrian despot in a dank prison where was yours? + +BEN DOLLARD: Pansies? + +BLOOM: Embellish (beautify) suburban gardens. + +BEN DOLLARD: When twins arrive? + +BLOOM: Father (pater, dad) starts thinking. + +LARRY O’ROURKE: An eightday licence for my new premises. You remember +me, sir Leo, when you were in number seven. I’m sending around a dozen +of stout for the missus. + +BLOOM: _(Coldly.)_ You have the advantage of me. Lady Bloom accepts no +presents. + +CROFTON: This is indeed a festivity. + +BLOOM: _(Solemnly.)_ You call it a festivity. I call it a sacrament. + +ALEXANDER KEYES: When will we have our own house of keys? + +BLOOM: I stand for the reform of municipal morals and the plain ten +commandments. New worlds for old. Union of all, jew, moslem and +gentile. Three acres and a cow for all children of nature. Saloon motor +hearses. Compulsory manual labour for all. All parks open to the public +day and night. Electric dishscrubbers. Tuberculosis, lunacy, war and +mendicancy must now cease. General amnesty, weekly carnival with masked +licence, bonuses for all, esperanto the universal language with +universal brotherhood. No more patriotism of barspongers and dropsical +impostors. Free money, free rent, free love and a free lay church in a +free lay state. + +O’MADDEN BURKE: Free fox in a free henroost. + +DAVY BYRNE: _(Yawning.)_ Iiiiiiiiiaaaaaaach! + +BLOOM: Mixed races and mixed marriage. + +LENEHAN: What about mixed bathing? + +_(Bloom explains to those near him his schemes for social regeneration. +All agree with him. The keeper of the Kildare street museum appears, +dragging a lorry on which are the shaking statues of several naked +goddesses, Venus Callipyge, Venus Pandemos, Venus Metempsychosis, and +plaster figures, also naked, representing the new nine muses, Commerce, +Operatic Music, Amor, Publicity, Manufacture, Liberty of Speech, Plural +Voting, Gastronomy, Private Hygiene, Seaside Concert Entertainments, +Painless Obstetrics and Astronomy for the People.)_ + +FATHER FARLEY: He is an episcopalian, an agnostic, an anythingarian +seeking to overthrow our holy faith. + +MRS RIORDAN: _(Tears up her will.)_ I’m disappointed in you! You bad +man! + +MOTHER GROGAN: _(Removes her boot to throw it at Bloom.)_ You beast! +You abominable person! + +NOSEY FLYNN: Give us a tune, Bloom. One of the old sweet songs. + +BLOOM: _(With rollicking humour.)_ + + I vowed that I never would leave her, + She turned out a cruel deceiver. + With my tooraloom tooraloom tooraloom tooraloom. + +HOPPY HOLOHAN: Good old Bloom! There’s nobody like him after all. + +PADDY LEONARD: Stage Irishman! + +BLOOM: What railway opera is like a tramline in Gibraltar? The Rows of +Casteele. + +_(Laughter.)_ + +LENEHAN: Plagiarist! Down with Bloom! + +THE VEILED SIBYL: _(Enthusiastically.)_ I’m a Bloomite and I glory in +it. I believe in him in spite of all. I’d give my life for him, the +funniest man on earth. + +BLOOM: _(Winks at the bystanders.)_ I bet she’s a bonny lassie. + +THEODORE PUREFOY: _(In fishingcap and oilskin jacket.)_ He employs a +mechanical device to frustrate the sacred ends of nature. + +THE VEILED SIBYL: _(Stabs herself.)_ My hero god! _(She dies.)_ + +_(Many most attractive and enthusiastic women also commit suicide by +stabbing, drowning, drinking prussic acid, aconite, arsenic, opening +their veins, refusing food, casting themselves under steamrollers, from +the top of Nelson’s Pillar, into the great vat of Guinness’s brewery, +asphyxiating themselves by placing their heads in gasovens, hanging +themselves in stylish garters, leaping from windows of different +storeys.)_ + +ALEXANDER J DOWIE: _(Violently.)_ Fellowchristians and antiBloomites, +the man called Bloom is from the roots of hell, a disgrace to christian +men. A fiendish libertine from his earliest years this stinking goat of +Mendes gave precocious signs of infantile debauchery, recalling the +cities of the plain, with a dissolute granddam. This vile hypocrite, +bronzed with infamy, is the white bull mentioned in the Apocalypse. A +worshipper of the Scarlet Woman, intrigue is the very breath of his +nostrils. The stake faggots and the caldron of boiling oil are for him. +Caliban! + +THE MOB: Lynch him! Roast him! He’s as bad as Parnell was. Mr Fox! + +_(Mother Grogan throws her boot at Bloom. Several shopkeepers from +upper and lower Dorset street throw objects of little or no commercial +value, hambones, condensed milk tins, unsaleable cabbage, stale bread, +sheep’s tails, odd pieces of fat.)_ + +BLOOM: _(Excitedly.)_ This is midsummer madness, some ghastly joke +again. By heaven, I am guiltless as the unsunned snow! It was my +brother Henry. He is my double. He lives in number 2 Dolphin’s Barn. +Slander, the viper, has wrongfully accused me. Fellowcountrymen, _sgenl +inn ban bata coisde gan capall._ I call on my old friend, Dr Malachi +Mulligan, sex specialist, to give medical testimony on my behalf. + +DR MULLIGAN: _(In motor jerkin, green motorgoggles on his brow.)_ Dr +Bloom is bisexually abnormal. He has recently escaped from Dr Eustace’s +private asylum for demented gentlemen. Born out of bedlock hereditary +epilepsy is present, the consequence of unbridled lust. Traces of +elephantiasis have been discovered among his ascendants. There are +marked symptoms of chronic exhibitionism. Ambidexterity is also latent. +He is prematurely bald from selfabuse, perversely idealistic in +consequence, a reformed rake, and has metal teeth. In consequence of a +family complex he has temporarily lost his memory and I believe him to +be more sinned against than sinning. I have made a pervaginal +examination and, after application of the acid test to 5427 anal, +axillary, pectoral and pubic hairs, I declare him to be _virgo +intacta._ + +_(Bloom holds his high grade hat over his genital organs.)_ + +DR MADDEN: Hypsospadia is also marked. In the interest of coming +generations I suggest that the parts affected should be preserved in +spirits of wine in the national teratological museum. + +DR CROTTHERS: I have examined the patient’s urine. It is albuminoid. +Salivation is insufficient, the patellar reflex intermittent. + +DR PUNCH COSTELLO: The _fetor judaicus_ is most perceptible. + +DR DIXON: _(Reads a bill of health.)_ Professor Bloom is a finished +example of the new womanly man. His moral nature is simple and lovable. +Many have found him a dear man, a dear person. He is a rather quaint +fellow on the whole, coy though not feebleminded in the medical sense. +He has written a really beautiful letter, a poem in itself, to the +court missionary of the Reformed Priests’ Protection Society which +clears up everything. He is practically a total abstainer and I can +affirm that he sleeps on a straw litter and eats the most Spartan food, +cold dried grocer’s peas. He wears a hairshirt of pure Irish +manufacture winter and summer and scourges himself every Saturday. He +was, I understand, at one time a firstclass misdemeanant in Glencree +reformatory. Another report states that he was a very posthumous child. +I appeal for clemency in the name of the most sacred word our vocal +organs have ever been called upon to speak. He is about to have a baby. + +_(General commotion and compassion. Women faint. A wealthy American +makes a street collection for Bloom. Gold and silver coins, blank +cheques, banknotes, jewels, treasury bonds, maturing bills of exchange, +I. O. U’s, wedding rings, watchchains, lockets, necklaces and bracelets +are rapidly collected.)_ + +BLOOM: O, I so want to be a mother. + +MRS THORNTON: _(In nursetender’s gown.)_ Embrace me tight, dear. You’ll +be soon over it. Tight, dear. + +_(Bloom embraces her tightly and bears eight male yellow and white +children. They appear on a redcarpeted staircase adorned with expensive +plants. All the octuplets are handsome, with valuable metallic faces, +wellmade, respectably dressed and wellconducted, speaking five modern +languages fluently and interested in various arts and sciences. Each +has his name printed in legible letters on his shirtfront: Nasodoro, +Goldfinger, Chrysostomos, Maindorée, Silversmile, Silberselber, +Vifargent, Panargyros. They are immediately appointed to positions of +high public trust in several different countries as managing directors +of banks, traffic managers of railways, chairmen of limited liability +companies, vicechairmen of hotel syndicates.)_ + +A VOICE: Bloom, are you the Messiah ben Joseph or ben David? + +BLOOM: _(Darkly.)_ You have said it. + +BROTHER BUZZ: Then perform a miracle like Father Charles. + +BANTAM LYONS: Prophesy who will win the Saint Leger. + +_(Bloom walks on a net, covers his left eye with his left ear, passes +through several walls, climbs Nelson’s Pillar, hangs from the top ledge +by his eyelids, eats twelve dozen oysters (shells included), heals +several sufferers from king’s evil, contracts his face so as to +resemble many historical personages, Lord Beaconsfield, Lord Byron, Wat +Tyler, Moses of Egypt, Moses Maimonides, Moses Mendelssohn, Henry +Irving, Rip van Winkle, Kossuth, Jean Jacques Rousseau, Baron Leopold +Rothschild, Robinson Crusoe, Sherlock Holmes, Pasteur, turns each foot +simultaneously in different directions, bids the tide turn back, +eclipses the sun by extending his little finger.)_ + +BRINI, PAPAL NUNCIO: _(In papal zouave’s uniform, steel cuirasses as +breastplate, armplates, thighplates, legplates, large profane +moustaches and brown paper mitre.) Leopoldi autem generatio._ Moses +begat Noah and Noah begat Eunuch and Eunuch begat O’Halloran and +O’Halloran begat Guggenheim and Guggenheim begat Agendath and Agendath +begat Netaim and Netaim begat Le Hirsch and Le Hirsch begat Jesurum and +Jesurum begat MacKay and MacKay begat Ostrolopsky and Ostrolopsky begat +Smerdoz and Smerdoz begat Weiss and Weiss begat Schwarz and Schwarz +begat Adrianopoli and Adrianopoli begat Aranjuez and Aranjuez begat +Lewy Lawson and Lewy Lawson begat Ichabudonosor and Ichabudonosor begat +O’Donnell Magnus and O’Donnell Magnus begat Christbaum and Christbaum +begat ben Maimun and ben Maimun begat Dusty Rhodes and Dusty Rhodes +begat Benamor and Benamor begat Jones-Smith and Jones-Smith begat +Savorgnanovich and Savorgnanovich begat Jasperstone and Jasperstone +begat Vingtetunieme and Vingtetunieme begat Szombathely and Szombathely +begat Virag and Virag begat Bloom _et vocabitur nomen eius Emmanuel._ + +A DEADHAND: _(Writes on the wall.)_ Bloom is a cod. + +CRAB: _(In bushranger’s kit.)_ What did you do in the cattlecreep +behind Kilbarrack? + +A FEMALE INFANT: _(Shakes a rattle.)_ And under Ballybough bridge? + +A HOLLYBUSH: And in the devil’s glen? + +BLOOM: _(Blushes furiously all over from frons to nates, three tears +falling from his left eye.)_ Spare my past. + +THE IRISH EVICTED TENANTS: _(In bodycoats, kneebreeches, with +Donnybrook fair shillelaghs.)_ Sjambok him! + +_(Bloom with asses’ ears seats himself in the pillory with crossed +arms, his feet protruding. He whistles_ Don Giovanni, a cenar teco. +_Artane orphans, joining hands, caper round him. Girls of the Prison +Gate Mission, joining hands, caper round in the opposite direction.)_ + +THE ARTANE ORPHANS: + + You hig, you hog, you dirty dog! + You think the ladies love you! + + THE PRISON GATE GIRLS: + + If you see Kay + Tell him he may + See you in tea + Tell him from me. + +HORNBLOWER: _(In ephod and huntingcap, announces.)_ And he shall carry +the sins of the people to Azazel, the spirit which is in the +wilderness, and to Lilith, the nighthag. And they shall stone him and +defile him, yea, all from Agendath Netaim and from Mizraim, the land of +Ham. + +_(All the people cast soft pantomime stones at Bloom. Many bonafide +travellers and ownerless dogs come near him and defile him. Mastiansky +and Citron approach in gaberdines, wearing long earlocks. They wag +their beards at Bloom.)_ + +MASTIANSKY AND CITRON: Belial! Laemlein of Istria, the false Messiah! +Abulafia! Recant! + +_(George R Mesias, Bloom’s tailor, appears, a tailor’s goose under his +arm, presenting a bill.)_ + +MESIAS: To alteration one pair trousers eleven shillings. + +BLOOM: _(Rubs his hands cheerfully.)_ Just like old times. Poor Bloom! + +_(Reuben J Dodd, blackbearded Iscariot, bad shepherd, bearing on his +shoulders the drowned corpse of his son, approaches the pillory.)_ + +REUBEN J: _(Whispers hoarsely.)_ The squeak is out. A split is gone for +the flatties. Nip the first rattler. + +THE FIRE BRIGADE: Pflaap! + +BROTHER BUZZ: _(Invests Bloom in a yellow habit with embroidery of +painted flames and high pointed hat. He places a bag of gunpowder round +his neck and hands him over to the civil power, saying.)_ Forgive him +his trespasses. + +_(Lieutenant Myers of the Dublin Fire Brigade by general request sets +fire to Bloom. Lamentations.)_ + +THE CITIZEN: Thank heaven! + +BLOOM: _(In a seamless garment marked I. H. S. stands upright amid +phoenix flames.)_ Weep not for me, O daughters of Erin. + +_(He exhibits to Dublin reporters traces of burning. The daughters of +Erin, in black garments, with large prayerbooks and long lighted +candles in their hands, kneel down and pray.)_ + +THE DAUGHTERS OF ERIN: + + Kidney of Bloom, pray for us + Flower of the Bath, pray for us + Mentor of Menton, pray for us + Canvasser for the Freeman, pray for us + Charitable Mason, pray for us + Wandering Soap, pray for us + Sweets of Sin, pray for us + Music without Words, pray for us + Reprover of the Citizen, pray for us + Friend of all Frillies, pray for us + Midwife Most Merciful, pray for us + Potato Preservative against Plague and Pestilence, pray for us. + +_(A choir of six hundred voices, conducted by Vincent O’Brien, sings +the chorus from Handel’s Messiah_ Alleluia for the Lord God Omnipotent +reigneth, _accompanied on the organ by Joseph Glynn. Bloom becomes +mute, shrunken, carbonised.)_ + +ZOE: Talk away till you’re black in the face. + +BLOOM: _(In caubeen with clay pipe stuck in the band, dusty brogues, an +emigrant’s red handkerchief bundle in his hand, leading a black bogoak +pig by a sugaun, with a smile in his eye.)_ Let me be going now, woman +of the house, for by all the goats in Connemara I’m after having the +father and mother of a bating. _(With a tear in his eye.)_ All +insanity. Patriotism, sorrow for the dead, music, future of the race. +To be or not to be. Life’s dream is o’er. End it peacefully. They can +live on. _(He gazes far away mournfully.)_ I am ruined. A few pastilles +of aconite. The blinds drawn. A letter. Then lie back to rest. _(He +breathes softly.)_ No more. I have lived. Fare. Farewell. + +ZOE: _(Stiffly, her finger in her neckfillet.)_ Honest? Till the next +time. _(She sneers.)_ Suppose you got up the wrong side of the bed or +came too quick with your best girl. O, I can read your thoughts! + +BLOOM: _(Bitterly.)_ Man and woman, love, what is it? A cork and +bottle. I’m sick of it. Let everything rip. + +ZOE: _(In sudden sulks.)_ I hate a rotter that’s insincere. Give a +bleeding whore a chance. + +BLOOM: _(Repentantly.)_ I am very disagreeable. You are a necessary +evil. Where are you from? London? + +ZOE: _(Glibly.)_ Hog’s Norton where the pigs plays the organs. I’m +Yorkshire born. _(She holds his hand which is feeling for her nipple.)_ +I say, Tommy Tittlemouse. Stop that and begin worse. Have you cash for +a short time? Ten shillings? + +BLOOM: _(Smiles, nods slowly.)_ More, houri, more. + +ZOE: And more’s mother? _(She pats him offhandedly with velvet paws.)_ +Are you coming into the musicroom to see our new pianola? Come and I’ll +peel off. + +BLOOM: _(Feeling his occiput dubiously with the unparalleled +embarrassment of a harassed pedlar gauging the symmetry of her peeled +pears.)_ Somebody would be dreadfully jealous if she knew. The +greeneyed monster. _(Earnestly.)_ You know how difficult it is. I +needn’t tell you. + +ZOE: _(Flattered.)_ What the eye can’t see the heart can’t grieve for. +_(She pats him.)_ Come. + +BLOOM: Laughing witch! The hand that rocks the cradle. + +ZOE: Babby! + +BLOOM: _(In babylinen and pelisse, bigheaded, with a caul of dark hair, +fixes big eyes on her fluid slip and counts its bronze buckles with a +chubby finger, his moist tongue lolling and lisping.)_ One two tlee: +tlee tlwo tlone. + +THE BUCKLES: Love me. Love me not. Love me. + +ZOE: Silent means consent. _(With little parted talons she captures his +hand, her forefinger giving to his palm the passtouch of secret +monitor, luring him to doom.)_ Hot hands cold gizzard. + +_(He hesitates amid scents, music, temptations. She leads him towards +the steps, drawing him by the odour of her armpits, the vice of her +painted eyes, the rustle of her slip in whose sinuous folds lurks the +lion reek of all the male brutes that have possessed her.)_ + +THE MALE BRUTES: _(Exhaling sulphur of rut and dung and ramping in +their loosebox, faintly roaring, their drugged heads swaying to and +fro.)_ Good! + +_(Zoe and Bloom reach the doorway where two sister whores are seated. +They examine him curiously from under their pencilled brows and smile +to his hasty bow. He trips awkwardly.)_ + +ZOE: _(Her lucky hand instantly saving him.)_ Hoopsa! Don’t fall +upstairs. + +BLOOM: The just man falls seven times. _(He stands aside at the +threshold.)_ After you is good manners. + +ZOE: Ladies first, gentlemen after. + +_(She crosses the threshold. He hesitates. She turns and, holding out +her hands, draws him over. He hops. On the antlered rack of the hall +hang a man’s hat and waterproof. Bloom uncovers himself but, seeing +them, frowns, then smiles, preoccupied. A door on the return landing is +flung open. A man in purple shirt and grey trousers, brownsocked, +passes with an ape’s gait, his bald head and goatee beard upheld, +hugging a full waterjugjar, his twotailed black braces dangling at +heels. Averting his face quickly Bloom bends to examine on the +halltable the spaniel eyes of a running fox: then, his lifted head +sniffing, follows Zoe into the musicroom. A shade of mauve tissuepaper +dims the light of the chandelier. Round and round a moth flies, +colliding, escaping. The floor is covered with an oilcloth mosaic of +jade and azure and cinnabar rhomboids. Footmarks are stamped over it in +all senses, heel to heel, heel to hollow, toe to toe, feet locked, a +morris of shuffling feet without body phantoms, all in a scrimmage +higgledypiggledy. The walls are tapestried with a paper of yewfronds +and clear glades. In the grate is spread a screen of peacock feathers. +Lynch squats crosslegged on the hearthrug of matted hair, his cap back +to the front. With a wand he beats time slowly. Kitty Ricketts, a bony +pallid whore in navy costume, doeskin gloves rolled back from a coral +wristlet, a chain purse in her hand, sits perched on the edge of the +table swinging her leg and glancing at herself in the gilt mirror over +the mantelpiece. A tag of her corsetlace hangs slightly below her +jacket. Lynch indicates mockingly the couple at the piano.)_ + +KITTY: _(Coughs behind her hand.)_ She’s a bit imbecillic. _(She signs +with a waggling forefinger.)_ Blemblem. _(Lynch lifts up her skirt and +white petticoat with the wand. She settles them down quickly.)_ Respect +yourself. _(She hiccups, then bends quickly her sailor hat under which +her hair glows, red with henna.)_ O, excuse! + +ZOE: More limelight, Charley. _(She goes to the chandelier and turns +the gas full cock.)_ + +KITTY: _(Peers at the gasjet.)_ What ails it tonight? + +LYNCH: _(Deeply.)_ Enter a ghost and hobgoblins. + +ZOE: Clap on the back for Zoe. + +_(The wand in Lynch’s hand flashes: a brass poker. Stephen stands at +the pianola on which sprawl his hat and ashplant. With two fingers he +repeats once more the series of empty fifths. Florry Talbot, a blond +feeble goosefat whore in a tatterdemalion gown of mildewed strawberry, +lolls spreadeagle in the sofacorner, her limp forearm pendent over the +bolster, listening. A heavy stye droops over her sleepy eyelid.)_ + +KITTY: _(Hiccups again with a kick of her horsed foot.)_ O, excuse! + +ZOE: _(Promptly.)_ Your boy’s thinking of you. Tie a knot on your +shift. + +_(Kitty Ricketts bends her head. Her boa uncoils, slides, glides over +her shoulder, back, arm, chair to the ground. Lynch lifts the curled +catterpillar on his wand. She snakes her neck, nestling. Stephen +glances behind at the squatted figure with its cap back to the front.)_ + +STEPHEN: As a matter of fact it is of no importance whether Benedetto +Marcello found it or made it. The rite is the poet’s rest. It may be an +old hymn to Demeter or also illustrate _Cœla enarrant gloriam Domini._ +It is susceptible of nodes or modes as far apart as hyperphrygian and +mixolydian and of texts so divergent as priests haihooping round +David’s that is Circe’s or what am I saying Ceres’ altar and David’s +tip from the stable to his chief bassoonist about the alrightness of +his almightiness. _Mais nom de nom,_ that is another pair of trousers. +_Jetez la gourme. Faut que jeunesse se passe. (He stops, points at +Lynch’s cap, smiles, laughs.)_ Which side is your knowledge bump? + +THE CAP: _(With saturnine spleen.)_ Bah! It is because it is. Woman’s +reason. Jewgreek is greekjew. Extremes meet. Death is the highest form +of life. Bah! + +STEPHEN: You remember fairly accurately all my errors, boasts, +mistakes. How long shall I continue to close my eyes to disloyalty? +Whetstone! + +THE CAP: Bah! + +STEPHEN: Here’s another for you. _(He frowns.)_ The reason is because +the fundamental and the dominant are separated by the greatest possible +interval which... + +THE CAP: Which? Finish. You can’t. + +STEPHEN: _(With an effort.)_ Interval which. Is the greatest possible +ellipse. Consistent with. The ultimate return. The octave. Which. + +THE CAP: Which? + +_(Outside the gramophone begins to blare_ The Holy City.) + +STEPHEN: _(Abruptly.)_ What went forth to the ends of the world to +traverse not itself, God, the sun, Shakespeare, a commercial traveller, +having itself traversed in reality itself becomes that self. Wait a +moment. Wait a second. Damn that fellow’s noise in the street. Self +which it itself was ineluctably preconditioned to become. _Ecco!_ + +LYNCH: _(With a mocking whinny of laughter grins at Bloom and Zoe +Higgins.)_ What a learned speech, eh? + +ZOE: _(Briskly.)_ God help your head, he knows more than you have +forgotten. + +_(With obese stupidity Florry Talbot regards Stephen.)_ + +FLORRY: They say the last day is coming this summer. + +KITTY: No! + +ZOE: _(Explodes in laughter.)_ Great unjust God! + +FLORRY: _(Offended.)_ Well, it was in the papers about Antichrist. O, +my foot’s tickling. + +_(Ragged barefoot newsboys, jogging a wagtail kite, patter past, +yelling.)_ + +THE NEWSBOYS: Stop press edition. Result of the rockinghorse races. Sea +serpent in the royal canal. Safe arrival of Antichrist. + +_(Stephen turns and sees Bloom.)_ + +STEPHEN: A time, times and half a time. + +_(Reuben J Antichrist, wandering jew, a clutching hand open on his +spine, stumps forward. Across his loins is slung a pilgrim’s wallet +from which protrude promissory notes and dishonoured bills. Aloft over +his shoulder he bears a long boatpole from the hook of which the sodden +huddled mass of his only son, saved from Liffey waters, hangs from the +slack of its breeches. A hobgoblin in the image of Punch Costello, +hipshot, crookbacked, hydrocephalic, prognathic with receding forehead +and Ally Sloper nose, tumbles in somersaults through the gathering +darkness.)_ + +ALL: What? + +THE HOBGOBLIN: _(His jaws chattering, capers to and fro, goggling his +eyes, squeaking, kangaroohopping with outstretched clutching arms, then +all at once thrusts his lipless face through the fork of his thighs.) +Il vient! C’est moi! L’homme qui rit! L’homme primigène! (He whirls +round and round with dervish howls.) Sieurs et dames, faites vos jeux! +(He crouches juggling. Tiny roulette planets fly from his hands.) Les +jeux sont faits! (The planets rush together, uttering crepitant +cracks.) Rien va plus! (The planets, buoyant balloons, sail swollen up +and away. He springs off into vacuum.)_ + +FLORRY: _(Sinking into torpor, crossing herself secretly.)_ The end of +the world! + +_(A female tepid effluvium leaks out from her. Nebulous obscurity +occupies space. Through the drifting fog without the gramophone blares +over coughs and feetshuffling.)_ + +THE GRAMOPHONE: + + Jerusalem! + Open your gates and sing + Hosanna... + +_(A rocket rushes up the sky and bursts. A white star falls from it, +proclaiming the consummation of all things and second coming of Elijah. +Along an infinite invisible tightrope taut from zenith to nadir the End +of the World, a twoheaded octopus in gillie’s kilts, busby and tartan +filibegs, whirls through the murk, head over heels, in the form of the +Three Legs of Man.)_ + +THE END OF THE WORLD: _(With a Scotch accent.)_ Wha’ll dance the keel +row, the keel row, the keel row? + +_(Over the possing drift and choking breathcoughs, Elijah’s voice, +harsh as a corncrake’s, jars on high. Perspiring in a loose lawn +surplice with funnel sleeves he is seen, vergerfaced, above a rostrum +about which the banner of old glory is draped. He thumps the parapet.)_ + +ELIJAH: No yapping, if you please, in this booth. Jake Crane, Creole +Sue, Dove Campbell, Abe Kirschner, do your coughing with your mouths +shut. Say, I am operating all this trunk line. Boys, do it now. God’s +time is 12.25. Tell mother you’ll be there. Rush your order and you +play a slick ace. Join on right here. Book through to eternity +junction, the nonstop run. Just one word more. Are you a god or a +doggone clod? If the second advent came to Coney Island are we ready? +Florry Christ, Stephen Christ, Zoe Christ, Bloom Christ, Kitty Christ, +Lynch Christ, it’s up to you to sense that cosmic force. Have we cold +feet about the cosmos? No. Be on the side of the angels. Be a prism. +You have that something within, the higher self. You can rub shoulders +with a Jesus, a Gautama, an Ingersoll. Are you all in this vibration? I +say you are. You once nobble that, congregation, and a buck joyride to +heaven becomes a back number. You got me? It’s a lifebrightener, sure. +The hottest stuff ever was. It’s the whole pie with jam in. It’s just +the cutest snappiest line out. It is immense, supersumptuous. It +restores. It vibrates. I know and I am some vibrator. Joking apart and, +getting down to bedrock, A. J. Christ Dowie and the harmonial +philosophy, have you got that? O. K. Seventyseven west sixtyninth +street. Got me? That’s it. You call me up by sunphone any old time. +Bumboosers, save your stamps. _(He shouts.)_ Now then our glory song. +All join heartily in the singing. Encore! _(He sings.)_ Jeru... + +THE GRAMOPHONE: _(Drowning his voice.)_ Whorusalaminyourhighhohhhh... +_(The disc rasps gratingly against the needle.)_ + +THE THREE WHORES: _(Covering their ears, squawk.)_ Ahhkkk! + +ELIJAH: _(In rolledup shirtsleeves, black in the face, shouts at the +top of his voice, his arms uplifted.)_ Big Brother up there, Mr +President, you hear what I done just been saying to you. Certainly, I +sort of believe strong in you, Mr President. I certainly am thinking +now Miss Higgins and Miss Ricketts got religion way inside them. +Certainly seems to me I don’t never see no wusser scared female than +the way you been, Miss Florry, just now as I done seed you. Mr +President, you come long and help me save our sisters dear. _(He winks +at his audience.)_ Our Mr President, he twig the whole lot and he aint +saying nothing. + +KITTY-KATE: I forgot myself. In a weak moment I erred and did what I +did on Constitution hill. I was confirmed by the bishop and enrolled in +the brown scapular. My mother’s sister married a Montmorency. It was a +working plumber was my ruination when I was pure. + +ZOE-FANNY: I let him larrup it into me for the fun of it. + +FLORRY-TERESA: It was in consequence of a portwine beverage on top of +Hennessy’s three star. I was guilty with Whelan when he slipped into +the bed. + +STEPHEN: In the beginning was the word, in the end the world without +end. Blessed be the eight beatitudes. + +_(The beatitudes, Dixon, Madden, Crotthers, Costello, Lenehan, Bannon, +Mulligan and Lynch in white surgical students’ gowns, four abreast, +goosestepping, tramp fast past in noisy marching.)_ + +THE BEATITUDES: _(Incoherently.)_ Beer beef battledog buybull businum +barnum buggerum bishop. + +LYSTER: _(In quakergrey kneebreeches and broadbrimmed hat, says +discreetly.)_ He is our friend. I need not mention names. Seek thou the +light. + +_(He corantos by. Best enters in hairdresser’s attire, shinily +laundered, his locks in curlpapers. He leads John Eglinton who wears a +mandarin’s kimono of Nankeen yellow, lizardlettered, and a high pagoda +hat.)_ + +BEST: _(Smiling, lifts the hat and displays a shaven poll from the +crown of which bristles a pigtail toupee tied with an orange topknot.)_ +I was just beautifying him, don’t you know. A thing of beauty, don’t +you know, Yeats says, or I mean, Keats says. + +JOHN EGLINTON: _(Produces a greencapped dark lantern and flashes it +towards a corner: with carping accent.)_ Esthetics and cosmetics are +for the boudoir. I am out for truth. Plain truth for a plain man. +Tanderagee wants the facts and means to get them. + +_(In the cone of the searchlight behind the coalscuttle, ollave, +holyeyed, the bearded figure of Mananaun MacLir broods, chin on knees. +He rises slowly. A cold seawind blows from his druid mouth. About his +head writhe eels and elvers. He is encrusted with weeds and shells. His +right hand holds a bicycle pump. His left hand grasps a huge crayfish +by its two talons.)_ + +MANANAUN MACLIR: _(With a voice of waves.)_ Aum! Hek! Wal! Ak! Lub! +Mor! Ma! White yoghin of the gods. Occult pimander of Hermes +Trismegistos. _(With a voice of whistling seawind.)_ Punarjanam +patsypunjaub! I won’t have my leg pulled. It has been said by one: +beware the left, the cult of Shakti. _(With a cry of stormbirds.)_ +Shakti Shiva, darkhidden Father! _(He smites with his bicycle pump the +crayfish in his left hand. On its cooperative dial glow the twelve +signs of the zodiac. He wails with the vehemence of the ocean.)_ Aum! +Baum! Pyjaum! I am the light of the homestead! I am the dreamery +creamery butter. + +_(A skeleton judashand strangles the light. The green light wanes to +mauve. The gasjet wails whistling.)_ + +THE GASJET: Pooah! Pfuiiiiiii! + +_(Zoe runs to the chandelier and, crooking her leg, adjusts the +mantle.)_ + +ZOE: Who has a fag as I’m here? + +LYNCH: _(Tossing a cigarette on to the table.)_ Here. + +ZOE: _(Her head perched aside in mock pride.)_ Is that the way to hand +the _pot_ to a lady? _(She stretches up to light the cigarette over the +flame, twirling it slowly, showing the brown tufts of her armpits. +Lynch with his poker lifts boldly a side of her slip. Bare from her +garters up her flesh appears under the sapphire a nixie’s green. She +puffs calmly at her cigarette.)_ Can you see the beautyspot of my +behind? + +LYNCH: I’m not looking + +ZOE: _(Makes sheep’s eyes.)_ No? You wouldn’t do a less thing. Would +you suck a lemon? + +_(Squinting in mock shame she glances with sidelong meaning at Bloom, +then twists round towards him, pulling her slip free of the poker. Blue +fluid again flows over her flesh. Bloom stands, smiling desirously, +twirling his thumbs. Kitty Ricketts licks her middle finger with her +spittle and, gazing in the mirror, smooths both eyebrows. Lipoti Virag, +basilicogrammate, chutes rapidly down through the chimneyflue and +struts two steps to the left on gawky pink stilts. He is sausaged into +several overcoats and wears a brown macintosh under which he holds a +roll of parchment. In his left eye flashes the monocle of Cashel Boyle +O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell. On his head is perched an +Egyptian pshent. Two quills project over his ears.)_ + +VIRAG: _(Heels together, bows.)_ My name is Virag Lipoti, of +Szombathely. _(He coughs thoughtfully, drily.)_ Promiscuous nakedness +is much in evidence hereabouts, eh? Inadvertently her backview revealed +the fact that she is not wearing those rather intimate garments of +which you are a particular devotee. The injection mark on the thigh I +hope you perceived? Good. + +BLOOM: Granpapachi. But... + +VIRAG: Number two on the other hand, she of the cherry rouge and +coiffeuse white, whose hair owes not a little to our tribal elixir of +gopherwood, is in walking costume and tightly staysed by her sit, I +should opine. Backbone in front, so to say. Correct me but I always +understood that the act so performed by skittish humans with glimpses +of lingerie appealed to you in virtue of its exhibitionististicicity. +In a word. Hippogriff. Am I right? + +BLOOM: She is rather lean. + +VIRAG: _(Not unpleasantly.)_ Absolutely! Well observed and those +pannier pockets of the skirt and slightly pegtop effect are devised to +suggest bunchiness of hip. A new purchase at some monster sale for +which a gull has been mulcted. Meretricious finery to deceive the eye. +Observe the attention to details of dustspecks. Never put on you +tomorrow what you can wear today. Parallax! _(With a nervous twitch of +his head.)_ Did you hear my brain go snap? Pollysyllabax! + +BLOOM: _(An elbow resting in a hand, a forefinger against his cheek.)_ +She seems sad. + +VIRAG: _(Cynically, his weasel teeth bared yellow, draws down his left +eye with a finger and barks hoarsely.)_ Hoax! Beware of the flapper and +bogus mournful. Lily of the alley. All possess bachelor’s button +discovered by Rualdus Columbus. Tumble her. Columble her. Chameleon. +_(More genially.)_ Well then, permit me to draw your attention to item +number three. There is plenty of her visible to the naked eye. Observe +the mass of oxygenated vegetable matter on her skull. What ho, she +bumps! The ugly duckling of the party, longcasted and deep in keel. + +BLOOM: _(Regretfully.)_ When you come out without your gun. + +VIRAG: We can do you all brands, mild, medium and strong. Pay your +money, take your choice. How happy could you be with either... + +BLOOM: With...? + +VIRAG: _(His tongue upcurling.)_ Lyum! Look. Her beam is broad. She is +coated with quite a considerable layer of fat. Obviously mammal in +weight of bosom you remark that she has in front well to the fore two +protuberances of very respectable dimensions, inclined to fall in the +noonday soupplate, while on her rere lower down are two additional +protuberances, suggestive of potent rectum and tumescent for palpation, +which leave nothing to be desired save compactness. Such fleshy parts +are the product of careful nurture. When coopfattened their livers +reach an elephantine size. Pellets of new bread with fennygreek and +gumbenjamin swamped down by potions of green tea endow them during +their brief existence with natural pincushions of quite colossal +blubber. That suits your book, eh? Fleshhotpots of Egypt to hanker +after. Wallow in it. Lycopodium. _(His throat twitches.)_ Slapbang! +There he goes again. + +BLOOM: The stye I dislike. + +VIRAG: _(Arches his eyebrows.)_ Contact with a goldring, they say. +_Argumentum ad feminam_, as we said in old Rome and ancient Greece in +the consulship of Diplodocus and Ichthyosauros. For the rest Eve’s +sovereign remedy. Not for sale. Hire only. Huguenot. _(He twitches.)_ +It is a funny sound. _(He coughs encouragingly.)_ But possibly it is +only a wart. I presume you shall have remembered what I will have +taught you on that head? Wheatenmeal with honey and nutmeg. + +BLOOM: _(Reflecting.)_ Wheatenmeal with lycopodium and syllabax. This +searching ordeal. It has been an unusually fatiguing day, a chapter of +accidents. Wait. I mean, wartsblood spreads warts, you said... + +VIRAG: _(Severely, his nose hardhumped, his side eye winking.)_ Stop +twirling your thumbs and have a good old thunk. See, you have +forgotten. Exercise your mnemotechnic. _La causa è santa_. Tara. Tara. +_(Aside.)_ He will surely remember. + +BLOOM: Rosemary also did I understand you to say or willpower over +parasitic tissues. Then nay no I have an inkling. The touch of a +deadhand cures. Mnemo? + +VIRAG: _(Excitedly.)_ I say so. I say so. E’en so. Technic. _(He taps +his parchmentroll energetically.)_ This book tells you how to act with +all descriptive particulars. Consult index for agitated fear of +aconite, melancholy of muriatic, priapic pulsatilla. Virag is going to +talk about amputation. Our old friend caustic. They must be starved. +Snip off with horsehair under the denned neck. But, to change the venue +to the Bulgar and the Basque, have you made up your mind whether you +like or dislike women in male habiliments? _(With a dry snigger.)_ You +intended to devote an entire year to the study of the religious problem +and the summer months of 1886 to square the circle and win that +million. Pomegranate! From the sublime to the ridiculous is but a step. +Pyjamas, let us say? Or stockingette gussetted knickers, closed? Or, +put we the case, those complicated combinations, camiknickers? _(He +crows derisively.)_ Keekeereekee! + +_(Bloom surveys uncertainly the three whores then gazes at the veiled +mauve light, hearing the everflying moth.)_ + +BLOOM: I wanted then to have now concluded. Nightdress was never. Hence +this. But tomorrow is a new day will be. Past was is today. What now is +will then morrow as now was be past yester. + +VIRAG: _(Prompts in a pig’s whisper.)_ Insects of the day spend their +brief existence in reiterated coition, lured by the smell of the +inferiorly pulchritudinous female possessing extendified pudendal nerve +in dorsal region. Pretty Poll! _(His yellow parrotbeak gabbles +nasally.)_ They had a proverb in the Carpathians in or about the year +five thousand five hundred and fifty of our era. One tablespoonful of +honey will attract friend Bruin more than half a dozen barrels of first +choice malt vinegar. Bear’s buzz bothers bees. But of this apart. At +another time we may resume. We were very pleased, we others. _(He +coughs and, bending his brow, rubs his nose thoughtfully with a +scooping hand.)_ You shall find that these night insects follow the +light. An illusion for remember their complex unadjustable eye. For all +these knotty points see the seventeenth book of my Fundamentals of +Sexology or the Love Passion which Doctor L. B. says is the book +sensation of the year. Some, to example, there are again whose +movements are automatic. Perceive. That is his appropriate sun. +Nightbird nightsun nighttown. Chase me, Charley! _(He blows into +Bloom’s ear.)_ Buzz! + +BLOOM: Bee or bluebottle too other day butting shadow on wall dazed +self then me wandered dazed down shirt good job I... + +VIRAG: _(His face impassive, laughs in a rich feminine key.)_ Splendid! +Spanish fly in his fly or mustard plaster on his dibble. _(He gobbles +gluttonously with turkey wattles.)_ Bubbly jock! Bubbly jock! Where are +we? Open Sesame! Cometh forth! _(He unrolls his parchment rapidly and +reads, his glowworm’s nose running backwards over the letters which he +claws.)_ Stay, good friend. I bring thee thy answer. Redbank oysters +will shortly be upon us. I’m the best o’cook. Those succulent bivalves +may help us and the truffles of Perigord, tubers dislodged through +mister omnivorous porker, were unsurpassed in cases of nervous debility +or viragitis. Though they stink yet they sting. _(He wags his head with +cackling raillery.)_ Jocular. With my eyeglass in my ocular. _(He +sneezes.)_ Amen! + +BLOOM: _(Absently.)_ Ocularly woman’s bivalve case is worse. Always +open sesame. The cloven sex. Why they fear vermin, creeping things. Yet +Eve and the serpent contradicts. Not a historical fact. Obvious analogy +to my idea. Serpents too are gluttons for woman’s milk. Wind their way +through miles of omnivorous forest to sucksucculent her breast dry. +Like those bubblyjocular Roman matrons one reads of in Elephantuliasis. + +VIRAG: _(His mouth projected in hard wrinkles, eyes stonily forlornly +closed, psalms in outlandish monotone.)_ That the cows with their those +distended udders that they have been the the known... + +BLOOM: I am going to scream. I beg your pardon. Ah? So. _(He repeats.)_ +Spontaneously to seek out the saurian’s lair in order to entrust their +teats to his avid suction. Ant milks aphis. _(Profoundly.)_ Instinct +rules the world. In life. In death. + +VIRAG: _(Head askew, arches his back and hunched wingshoulders, peers +at the moth out of blear bulged eyes, points a horning claw and +cries.)_ Who’s moth moth? Who’s dear Gerald? Dear Ger, that you? O +dear, he is Gerald. O, I much fear he shall be most badly burned. Will +some pleashe pershon not now impediment so catastrophics mit agitation +of firstclass tablenumpkin? _(He mews.)_ Puss puss puss puss! _(He +sighs, draws back and stares sideways down with dropping underjaw.)_ +Well, well. He doth rest anon. (He snaps his jaws suddenly on the air.) + +THE MOTH: + + I’m a tiny tiny thing + Ever flying in the spring + Round and round a ringaring. + Long ago I was a king + Now I do this kind of thing + On the wing, on the wing! + Bing! + +_(He rushes against the mauve shade, flapping noisily.)_ Pretty pretty +pretty pretty pretty pretty petticoats. + +_(From left upper entrance with two gliding steps Henry Flower comes +forward to left front centre. He wears a dark mantle and drooping +plumed sombrero. He carries a silverstringed inlaid dulcimer and a +longstemmed bamboo Jacob’s pipe, its clay bowl fashioned as a female +head. He wears dark velvet hose and silverbuckled pumps. He has the +romantic Saviour’s face with flowing locks, thin beard and moustache. +His spindlelegs and sparrow feet are those of the tenor Mario, prince +of Candia. He settles down his goffered ruffs and moistens his lips +with a passage of his amorous tongue.)_ + +HENRY: _(In a low dulcet voice, touching the strings of his guitar.)_ +There is a flower that bloometh. + +_(Virag truculent, his jowl set, stares at the lamp. Grave Bloom +regards Zoe’s neck. Henry gallant turns with pendant dewlap to the +piano.)_ + +STEPHEN: _(To himself.)_ Play with your eyes shut. Imitate pa. Filling +my belly with husks of swine. Too much of this. I will arise and go to +my. Expect this is the. Steve, thou art in a parlous way. Must visit +old Deasy or telegraph. Our interview of this morning has left on me a +deep impression. Though our ages. Will write fully tomorrow. I’m +partially drunk, by the way. _(He touches the keys again.)_ Minor chord +comes now. Yes. Not much however. + +_(Almidano Artifoni holds out a batonroll of music with vigorous +moustachework.)_ + +ARTIFONI: _Ci rifletta. Lei rovina tutto._ + +FLORRY: Sing us something. Love’s old sweet song. + +STEPHEN: No voice. I am a most finished artist. Lynch, did I show you +the letter about the lute? + +FLORRY: _(Smirking.)_ The bird that can sing and won’t sing. + +_(The Siamese twins, Philip Drunk and Philip Sober, two Oxford dons +with lawnmowers, appear in the window embrasure. Both are masked with +Matthew Arnold’s face.)_ + +PHILIP SOBER: Take a fool’s advice. All is not well. Work it out with +the buttend of a pencil, like a good young idiot. Three pounds twelve +you got, two notes, one sovereign, two crowns, if youth but knew. +Mooney’s en ville, Mooney’s sur mer, the Moira, Larchet’s, Holles +street hospital, Burke’s. Eh? I am watching you. + +PHILIP DRUNK: _(Impatiently.)_ Ah, bosh, man. Go to hell! I paid my +way. If I could only find out about octaves. Reduplication of +personality. Who was it told me his name? _(His lawnmower begins to +purr.)_ Aha, yes. _Zoe mou sas agapo_. Have a notion I was here before. +When was it not Atkinson his card I have somewhere. Mac Somebody. +Unmack I have it. He told me about, hold on, Swinburne, was it, no? + +FLORRY: And the song? + +STEPHEN: Spirit is willing but the flesh is weak. + +FLORRY: Are you out of Maynooth? You’re like someone I knew once. + +STEPHEN: Out of it now. _(To himself.)_ Clever. + +PHILIP DRUNK AND PHILIP SOBER: _(Their lawnmowers purring with a +rigadoon of grasshalms.)_ Clever ever. Out of it out of it. By the bye +have you the book, the thing, the ashplant? Yes, there it, yes. +Cleverever outofitnow. Keep in condition. Do like us. + +ZOE: There was a priest down here two nights ago to do his bit of +business with his coat buttoned up. You needn’t try to hide, I says to +him. I know you’ve a Roman collar. + +VIRAG: Perfectly logical from his standpoint. Fall of man. _(Harshly, +his pupils waxing.)_ To hell with the pope! Nothing new under the sun. +I am the Virag who disclosed the Sex Secrets of Monks and Maidens. Why +I left the church of Rome. Read the Priest, the Woman and the +Confessional. Penrose. Flipperty Jippert. _(He wriggles.)_ Woman, +undoing with sweet pudor her belt of rushrope, offers her allmoist yoni +to man’s lingam. Short time after man presents woman with pieces of +jungle meat. Woman shows joy and covers herself with featherskins. Man +loves her yoni fiercely with big lingam, the stiff one. _(He cries.) +Coactus volui._ Then giddy woman will run about. Strong man grapses +woman’s wrist. Woman squeals, bites, spucks. Man, now fierce angry, +strikes woman’s fat yadgana. _(He chases his tail.)_ Piffpaff! Popo! +_(He stops, sneezes.)_ Pchp! _(He worries his butt.)_ Prrrrrht! + +LYNCH: I hope you gave the good father a penance. Nine glorias for +shooting a bishop. + +ZOE: _(Spouts walrus smoke through her nostrils.)_ He couldn’t get a +connection. Only, you know, sensation. A dry rush. + +BLOOM: Poor man! + +ZOE: _(Lightly.)_ Only for what happened him. + +BLOOM: How? + +VIRAG: _(A diabolic rictus of black luminosity contracting his visage, +cranes his scraggy neck forward. He lifts a mooncalf nozzle and howls.) +Verfluchte Goim!_ He had a father, forty fathers. He never existed. Pig +God! He had two left feet. He was Judas Iacchia, a Libyan eunuch, the +pope’s bastard. _(He leans out on tortured forepaws, elbows bent rigid, +his eye agonising in his flat skullneck and yelps over the mute +world.)_ A son of a whore. Apocalypse. + +KITTY: And Mary Shortall that was in the lock with the pox she got from +Jimmy Pidgeon in the blue caps had a child off him that couldn’t +swallow and was smothered with the convulsions in the mattress and we +all subscribed for the funeral. + +PHILIP DRUNK: _(Gravely.) Qui vous a mis dans cette fichue position, +Philippe?_ + +PHILIP SOBER: _(Gaily.) C’était le sacré pigeon, Philippe._ + +_(Kitty unpins her hat and sets it down calmly, patting her henna hair. +And a prettier, a daintier head of winsome curls was never seen on a +whore’s shoulders. Lynch puts on her hat. She whips it off.)_ + +LYNCH: _(Laughs.)_ And to such delights has Metchnikoff inoculated +anthropoid apes. + +FLORRY: _(Nods.)_ Locomotor ataxy. + +ZOE: _(Gaily.)_ O, my dictionary. + +LYNCH: Three wise virgins. + +VIRAG: _(Agueshaken, profuse yellow spawn foaming over his bony +epileptic lips.)_ She sold lovephiltres, whitewax, orangeflower. +Panther, the Roman centurion, polluted her with his genitories. _(He +sticks out a flickering phosphorescent scorpion tongue, his hand on his +fork.)_ Messiah! He burst her tympanum. _(With gibbering baboon’s cries +he jerks his hips in the cynical spasm.)_ Hik! Hek! Hak! Hok! Huk! Kok! +Kuk! + +_(Ben Jumbo Dollard, rubicund, musclebound, hairynostrilled, +hugebearded, cabbageeared, shaggychested, shockmaned, fatpapped, stands +forth, his loins and genitals tightened into a pair of black bathing +bagslops.)_ + +BEN DOLLARD: _(Nakkering castanet bones in his huge padded paws, yodels +jovially in base barreltone.)_ When love absorbs my ardent soul. + +_(The virgins Nurse Callan and Nurse Quigley burst through the +ringkeepers and the ropes and mob him with open arms.)_ + +THE VIRGINS: _(Gushingly.)_ Big Ben! Ben my Chree! + +A VOICE: Hold that fellow with the bad breeches. + +BEN DOLLARD: _(Smites his thigh in abundant laughter.)_ Hold him now. + +HENRY: _(Caressing on his breast a severed female head, murmurs.)_ +Thine heart, mine love. _(He plucks his lutestrings.)_ When first I +saw... + +VIRAG: _(Sloughing his skins, his multitudinous plumage moulting.)_ +Rats! _(He yawns, showing a coalblack throat, and closes his jaws by an +upward push of his parchmentroll.)_ After having said which I took my +departure. Farewell. Fare thee well. _Dreck!_ + +_(Henry Flower combs his moustache and beard rapidly with a pocketcomb +and gives a cow’s lick to his hair. Steered by his rapier, he glides to +the door, his wild harp slung behind him. Virag reaches the door in two +ungainly stilthops, his tail cocked, and deftly claps sideways on the +wall a pusyellow flybill, butting it with his head.)_ + +THE FLYBILL: K. 11. Post No Bills. Strictly confidential. Dr Hy Franks. + +HENRY: All is lost now. + +_(Virag unscrews his head in a trice and holds it under his arm.)_ + +VIRAG’S HEAD: Quack! + +_(Exeunt severally.)_ + +STEPHEN: _(Over his shoulder to Zoe.)_ You would have preferred the +fighting parson who founded the protestant error. But beware +Antisthenes, the dog sage, and the last end of Arius Heresiarchus. The +agony in the closet. + +LYNCH: All one and the same God to her. + +STEPHEN: _(Devoutly.)_ And sovereign Lord of all things. + +FLORRY: _(To Stephen.)_ I’m sure you’re a spoiled priest. Or a monk. + +LYNCH: He is. A cardinal’s son. + +STEPHEN: Cardinal sin. Monks of the screw. + +_(His Eminence Simon Stephen Cardinal Dedalus, Primate of all Ireland, +appears in the doorway, dressed in red soutane, sandals and socks. +Seven dwarf simian acolytes, also in red, cardinal sins, uphold his +train, peeping under it. He wears a battered silk hat sideways on his +head. His thumbs are stuck in his armpits and his palms outspread. +Round his neck hangs a rosary of corks ending on his breast in a +corkscrew cross. Releasing his thumbs, he invokes grace from on high +with large wave gestures and proclaims with bloated pomp:)_ + +THE CARDINAL: + + Conservio lies captured + He lies in the lowest dungeon + With manacles and chains around his limbs + Weighing upwards of three tons. + +_(He looks at all for a moment, his right eye closed tight, his left +cheek puffed out. Then, unable to repress his merriment, he rocks to +and fro, arms akimbo, and sings with broad rollicking humour:)_ + + O, the poor little fellow + Hihihihihis legs they were yellow + He was plump, fat and heavy and brisk as a snake + But some bloody savage + To graize his white cabbage + He murdered Nell Flaherty’s duckloving drake. + +_(A multitude of midges swarms white over his robe. He scratches +himself with crossed arms at his ribs, grimacing, and exclaims:)_ + +I’m suffering the agony of the damned. By the hoky fiddle, thanks be to +Jesus those funny little chaps are not unanimous. If they were they’d +walk me off the face of the bloody globe. + +_(His head aslant he blesses curtly with fore and middle fingers, +imparts the Easter kiss and doubleshuffles off comically, swaying his +hat from side to side, shrinking quickly to the size of his +trainbearers. The dwarf acolytes, giggling, peeping, nudging, ogling, +Easterkissing, zigzag behind him. His voice is heard mellow from afar, +merciful male, melodious:)_ + + Shall carry my heart to thee, + Shall carry my heart to thee, + And the breath of the balmy night + Shall carry my heart to thee! + + _(The trick doorhandle turns.)_ + +THE DOORHANDLE: Theeee! + +ZOE: The devil is in that door. + +_(A male form passes down the creaking staircase and is heard taking +the waterproof and hat from the rack. Bloom starts forward +involuntarily and, half closing the door as he passes, takes the +chocolate from his pocket and offers it nervously to Zoe.)_ + +ZOE: _(Sniffs his hair briskly.)_ Hmmm! Thank your mother for the +rabbits. I’m very fond of what I like. + +BLOOM: _(Hearing a male voice in talk with the whores on the doorstep, +pricks his ears.)_ If it were he? After? Or because not? Or the double +event? + +ZOE: _(Tears open the silverfoil.)_ Fingers was made before forks. +_(She breaks off and nibbles a piece, gives a piece to Kitty Ricketts +and then turns kittenishly to Lynch.)_ No objection to French lozenges? +_(He nods. She taunts him.)_ Have it now or wait till you get it? _(He +opens his mouth, his head cocked. She whirls the prize in left circle. +His head follows. She whirls it back in right circle. He eyes her.)_ +Catch! + +_(She tosses a piece. With an adroit snap he catches it and bites it +through with a crack.)_ + +KITTY: _(Chewing.)_ The engineer I was with at the bazaar does have +lovely ones. Full of the best liqueurs. And the viceroy was there with +his lady. The gas we had on the Toft’s hobbyhorses. I’m giddy still. + +BLOOM: _(In Svengali’s fur overcoat, with folded arms and Napoleonic +forelock, frowns in ventriloquial exorcism with piercing eagle glance +towards the door. Then rigid with left foot advanced he makes a swift +pass with impelling fingers and gives the sign of past master, drawing +his right arm downwards from his left shoulder.)_ Go, go, go, I conjure +you, whoever you are! + +_(A male cough and tread are heard passing through the mist outside. +Bloom’s features relax. He places a hand in his waistcoat, posing +calmly. Zoe offers him chocolate.)_ + +BLOOM: _(Solemnly.)_ Thanks. + +ZOE: Do as you’re bid. Here! + +_(A firm heelclacking tread is heard on the stairs.)_ + +BLOOM: _(Takes the chocolate.)_ Aphrodisiac? Tansy and pennyroyal. But +I bought it. Vanilla calms or? Mnemo. Confused light confuses memory. +Red influences lupus. Colours affect women’s characters, any they have. +This black makes me sad. Eat and be merry for tomorrow. _(He eats.)_ +Influence taste too, mauve. But it is so long since I. Seems new. +Aphro. That priest. Must come. Better late than never. Try truffles at +Andrews. + +_(The door opens. Bella Cohen, a massive whoremistress, enters. She is +dressed in a threequarter ivory gown, fringed round the hem with +tasselled selvedge, and cools herself flirting a black horn fan like +Minnie Hauck in_ Carmen. _On her left hand are wedding and keeper +rings. Her eyes are deeply carboned. She has a sprouting moustache. Her +olive face is heavy, slightly sweated and fullnosed with orangetainted +nostrils. She has large pendant beryl eardrops.)_ + +BELLA: My word! I’m all of a mucksweat. + +_(She glances round her at the couples. Then her eyes rest on Bloom +with hard insistence. Her large fan winnows wind towards her heated +faceneck and embonpoint. Her falcon eyes glitter.)_ + +THE FAN: _(Flirting quickly, then slowly.)_ Married, I see. + +BLOOM: Yes. Partly, I have mislaid... + +THE FAN: _(Half opening, then closing.)_ And the missus is master. +Petticoat government. + +BLOOM: _(Looks down with a sheepish grin.)_ That is so. + +THE FAN: _(Folding together, rests against her left eardrop.)_ Have you +forgotten me? + +BLOOM: Nes. Yo. + +THE FAN: _(Folded akimbo against her waist.)_ Is me her was you dreamed +before? Was then she him you us since knew? Am all them and the same +now we? + +_(Bella approaches, gently tapping with the fan.)_ + +BLOOM: _(Wincing.)_ Powerful being. In my eyes read that slumber which +women love. + +THE FAN: _(Tapping.)_ We have met. You are mine. It is fate. + +BLOOM: _(Cowed.)_ Exuberant female. Enormously I desiderate your +domination. I am exhausted, abandoned, no more young. I stand, so to +speak, with an unposted letter bearing the extra regulation fee before +the too late box of the general postoffice of human life. The door and +window open at a right angle cause a draught of thirtytwo feet per +second according to the law of falling bodies. I have felt this instant +a twinge of sciatica in my left glutear muscle. It runs in our family. +Poor dear papa, a widower, was a regular barometer from it. He believed +in animal heat. A skin of tabby lined his winter waistcoat. Near the +end, remembering king David and the Sunamite, he shared his bed with +Athos, faithful after death. A dog’s spittle as you probably... _(He +winces.)_ Ah! + +RICHIE GOULDING: _(Bagweighted, passes the door.)_ Mocking is catch. +Best value in Dub. Fit for a prince’s. Liver and kidney. + +THE FAN: _(Tapping.)_ All things end. Be mine. Now. + +BLOOM: _(Undecided.)_ All now? I should not have parted with my +talisman. Rain, exposure at dewfall on the searocks, a peccadillo at my +time of life. Every phenomenon has a natural cause. + +THE FAN: _(Points downwards slowly.)_ You may. + +BLOOM: _(Looks downwards and perceives her unfastened bootlace.)_ We +are observed. + +THE FAN: _(Points downwards quickly.)_ You must. + +BLOOM: _(With desire, with reluctance.)_ I can make a true black knot. +Learned when I served my time and worked the mail order line for +Kellett’s. Experienced hand. Every knot says a lot. Let me. In +courtesy. I knelt once before today. Ah! + +_(Bella raises her gown slightly and, steadying her pose, lifts to the +edge of a chair a plump buskined hoof and a full pastern, silksocked. +Bloom, stifflegged, aging, bends over her hoof and with gentle fingers +draws out and in her laces.)_ + +BLOOM: _(Murmurs lovingly.)_ To be a shoefitter in Manfield’s was my +love’s young dream, the darling joys of sweet buttonhooking, to lace up +crisscrossed to kneelength the dressy kid footwear satinlined, so +incredibly impossibly small, of Clyde Road ladies. Even their wax model +Raymonde I visited daily to admire her cobweb hose and stick of rhubarb +toe, as worn in Paris. + +THE HOOF: Smell my hot goathide. Feel my royal weight. + +BLOOM: _(Crosslacing.)_ Too tight? + +THE HOOF: If you bungle, Handy Andy, I’ll kick your football for you. + +BLOOM: Not to lace the wrong eyelet as I did the night of the bazaar +dance. Bad luck. Hook in wrong tache of her... person you mentioned. +That night she met... Now! + +_(He knots the lace. Bella places her foot on the floor. Bloom raises +his head. Her heavy face, her eyes strike him in midbrow. His eyes grow +dull, darker and pouched, his nose thickens.)_ + +BLOOM: _(Mumbles.)_ Awaiting your further orders we remain, +gentlemen,... + +BELLO: _(With a hard basilisk stare, in a baritone voice.)_ Hound of +dishonour! + +BLOOM: _(Infatuated.)_ Empress! + +BELLO: _(His heavy cheekchops sagging.)_ Adorer of the adulterous rump! + +BLOOM: _(Plaintively.)_ Hugeness! + +BELLO: Dungdevourer! + +BLOOM: _(With sinews semiflexed.)_ Magmagnificence! + +BELLO: Down! _(He taps her on the shoulder with his fan.)_ Incline feet +forward! Slide left foot one pace back! You will fall. You are falling. +On the hands down! + +BLOOM: _(Her eyes upturned in the sign of admiration, closing, yaps.)_ +Truffles! + +_(With a piercing epileptic cry she sinks on all fours, grunting, +snuffling, rooting at his feet: then lies, shamming dead, with eyes +shut tight, trembling eyelids, bowed upon the ground in the attitude of +most excellent master.)_ + +BELLO: _(With bobbed hair, purple gills, fat moustache rings round his +shaven mouth, in mountaineer’s puttees, green silverbuttoned coat, +sport skirt and alpine hat with moorcock’s feather, his hands stuck +deep in his breeches pockets, places his heel on her neck and grinds it +in.)_ Footstool! Feel my entire weight. Bow, bondslave, before the +throne of your despot’s glorious heels so glistening in their proud +erectness. + +BLOOM: _(Enthralled, bleats.)_ I promise never to disobey. + +BELLO: _(Laughs loudly.)_ Holy smoke! You little know what’s in store +for you. I’m the Tartar to settle your little lot and break you in! +I’ll bet Kentucky cocktails all round I shame it out of you, old son. +Cheek me, I dare you. If you do tremble in anticipation of heel +discipline to be inflicted in gym costume. + +_(Bloom creeps under the sofa and peers out through the fringe.)_ + +ZOE: _(Widening her slip to screen her.)_ She’s not here. + +BLOOM: _(Closing her eyes.)_ She’s not here. + +FLORRY: _(Hiding her with her gown.)_ She didn’t mean it, Mr Bello. +She’ll be good, sir. + +KITTY: Don’t be too hard on her, Mr Bello. Sure you won’t, ma’amsir. + +BELLO: _(Coaxingly.)_ Come, ducky dear, I want a word with you, +darling, just to administer correction. Just a little heart to heart +talk, sweety. _(Bloom puts out her timid head.)_ There’s a good girly +now. _(Bello grabs her hair violently and drags her forward.)_ I only +want to correct you for your own good on a soft safe spot. How’s that +tender behind? O, ever so gently, pet. Begin to get ready. + +BLOOM: _(Fainting.)_ Don’t tear my... + +BELLO: _(Savagely.)_ The nosering, the pliers, the bastinado, the +hanging hook, the knout I’ll make you kiss while the flutes play like +the Nubian slave of old. You’re in for it this time! I’ll make you +remember me for the balance of your natural life. _(His forehead veins +swollen, his face congested.)_ I shall sit on your ottoman saddleback +every morning after my thumping good breakfast of Matterson’s fat +hamrashers and a bottle of Guinness’s porter. _(He belches.)_ And suck +my thumping good Stock Exchange cigar while I read the _Licensed +Victualler’s Gazette_. Very possibly I shall have you slaughtered and +skewered in my stables and enjoy a slice of you with crisp crackling +from the baking tin basted and baked like sucking pig with rice and +lemon or currant sauce. It will hurt you. _(He twists her arm. Bloom +squeals, turning turtle.)_ + +BLOOM: Don’t be cruel, nurse! Don’t! + +BELLO: _(Twisting.)_ Another! + +BLOOM: _(Screams.)_ O, it’s hell itself! Every nerve in my body aches +like mad! + +BELLO: _(Shouts.)_ Good, by the rumping jumping general! That’s the +best bit of news I heard these six weeks. Here, don’t keep me waiting, +damn you! _(He slaps her face.)_ + +BLOOM: _(Whimpers.)_ You’re after hitting me. I’ll tell... + +BELLO: Hold him down, girls, till I squat on him. + +ZOE: Yes. Walk on him! I will. + +FLORRY: I will. Don’t be greedy. + +KITTY: No, me. Lend him to me. + +_(The brothel cook, Mrs Keogh, wrinkled, greybearded, in a greasy bib, +men’s grey and green socks and brogues, floursmeared, a rollingpin +stuck with raw pastry in her bare red arm and hand, appears at the +door.)_ + +MRS KEOGH: _(Ferociously.)_ Can I help? _(They hold and pinion Bloom.)_ + +BELLO: _(Squats with a grunt on Bloom’s upturned face, puffing +cigarsmoke, nursing a fat leg.)_ I see Keating Clay is elected +vicechairman of the Richmond asylum and by the by Guinness’s preference +shares are at sixteen three quarters. Curse me for a fool that didn’t +buy that lot Craig and Gardner told me about. Just my infernal luck, +curse it. And that Goddamned outsider _Throwaway_ at twenty to one. +_(He quenches his cigar angrily on Bloom’s ear.)_ Where’s that +Goddamned cursed ashtray? + +BLOOM: _(Goaded, buttocksmothered.)_ O! O! Monsters! Cruel one! + +BELLO: Ask for that every ten minutes. Beg. Pray for it as you never +prayed before. _(He thrusts out a figged fist and foul cigar.)_ Here, +kiss that. Both. Kiss. _(He throws a leg astride and, pressing with +horseman’s knees, calls in a hard voice.)_ Gee up! A cockhorse to +Banbury cross. I’ll ride him for the Eclipse stakes. _(He bends +sideways and squeezes his mount’s testicles roughly, shouting.)_ Ho! +Off we pop! I’ll nurse you in proper fashion. _(He horserides +cockhorse, leaping in the, in the saddle.)_ The lady goes a pace a pace +and the coachman goes a trot a trot and the gentleman goes a gallop a +gallop a gallop a gallop. + +FLORRY: _(Pulls at Bello.)_ Let me on him now. You had enough. I asked +before you. + +ZOE: _(Pulling at Florry.)_ Me. Me. Are you not finished with him yet, +suckeress? + +BLOOM: _(Stifling.)_ Can’t. + +BELLO: Well, I’m not. Wait. _(He holds in his breath.)_ Curse it. Here. +This bung’s about burst. _(He uncorks himself behind: then, contorting +his features, farts loudly.)_ Take that! _(He recorks himself.)_ Yes, +by Jingo, sixteen three quarters. + +BLOOM: _(A sweat breaking out over him.)_ Not man. _(He sniffs.)_ +Woman. + +BELLO: _(Stands up.)_ No more blow hot and cold. What you longed for +has come to pass. Henceforth you are unmanned and mine in earnest, a +thing under the yoke. Now for your punishment frock. You will shed your +male garments, you understand, Ruby Cohen? and don the shot silk +luxuriously rustling over head and shoulders. And quickly too! + +BLOOM: _(Shrinks.)_ Silk, mistress said! O crinkly! scrapy! Must I +tiptouch it with my nails? + +BELLO: _(Points to his whores.)_ As they are now so will you be, +wigged, singed, perfumesprayed, ricepowdered, with smoothshaven +armpits. Tape measurements will be taken next your skin. You will be +laced with cruel force into vicelike corsets of soft dove coutille with +whalebone busk to the diamondtrimmed pelvis, the absolute outside edge, +while your figure, plumper than when at large, will be restrained in +nettight frocks, pretty two ounce petticoats and fringes and things +stamped, of course, with my houseflag, creations of lovely lingerie for +Alice and nice scent for Alice. Alice will feel the pullpull. Martha +and Mary will be a little chilly at first in such delicate thighcasing +but the frilly flimsiness of lace round your bare knees will remind +you... + +BLOOM: _(A charming soubrette with dauby cheeks, mustard hair and large +male hands and nose, leering mouth.)_ I tried her things on only twice, +a small prank, in Holles street. When we were hard up I washed them to +save the laundry bill. My own shirts I turned. It was the purest +thrift. + +BELLO: _(Jeers.)_ Little jobs that make mother pleased, eh? And showed +off coquettishly in your domino at the mirror behind closedrawn blinds +your unskirted thighs and hegoat’s udders in various poses of +surrender, eh? Ho! ho! I have to laugh! That secondhand black operatop +shift and short trunkleg naughties all split up the stitches at her +last rape that Mrs Miriam Dandrade sold you from the Shelbourne hotel, +eh? + +BLOOM: Miriam. Black. Demimondaine. + +BELLO: _(Guffaws.)_ Christ Almighty it’s too tickling, this! You were a +nicelooking Miriam when you clipped off your backgate hairs and lay +swooning in the thing across the bed as Mrs Dandrade about to be +violated by lieutenant Smythe-Smythe, Mr Philip Augustus Blockwell M. +P., signor Laci Daremo, the robust tenor, blueeyed Bert, the liftboy, +Henri Fleury of Gordon Bennett fame, Sheridan, the quadroon Croesus, +the varsity wetbob eight from old Trinity, Ponto, her splendid +Newfoundland and Bobs, dowager duchess of Manorhamilton. _(He guffaws +again.)_ Christ, wouldn’t it make a Siamese cat laugh? + +BLOOM: _(Her hands and features working.)_ It was Gerald converted me +to be a true corsetlover when I was female impersonator in the High +School play _Vice Versa_. It was dear Gerald. He got that kink, +fascinated by sister’s stays. Now dearest Gerald uses pinky greasepaint +and gilds his eyelids. Cult of the beautiful. + +BELLO: _(With wicked glee.)_ Beautiful! Give us a breather! When you +took your seat with womanish care, lifting your billowy flounces, on +the smoothworn throne. + +BLOOM: Science. To compare the various joys we each enjoy. +_(Earnestly.)_ And really it’s better the position... because often I +used to wet... + +BELLO: _(Sternly.)_ No insubordination! The sawdust is there in the +corner for you. I gave you strict instructions, didn’t I? Do it +standing, sir! I’ll teach you to behave like a jinkleman! If I catch a +trace on your swaddles. Aha! By the ass of the Dorans you’ll find I’m a +martinet. The sins of your past are rising against you. Many. Hundreds. + +THE SINS OF THE PAST: _(In a medley of voices.)_ He went through a form +of clandestine marriage with at least one woman in the shadow of the +Black church. Unspeakable messages he telephoned mentally to Miss Dunn +at an address in D’Olier street while he presented himself indecently +to the instrument in the callbox. By word and deed he frankly +encouraged a nocturnal strumpet to deposit fecal and other matter in an +unsanitary outhouse attached to empty premises. In five public +conveniences he wrote pencilled messages offering his nuptial partner +to all strongmembered males. And by the offensively smelling vitriol +works did he not pass night after night by loving courting couples to +see if and what and how much he could see? Did he not lie in bed, the +gross boar, gloating over a nauseous fragment of wellused toilet paper +presented to him by a nasty harlot, stimulated by gingerbread and a +postal order? + +BELLO: _(Whistles loudly.)_ Say! What was the most revolting piece of +obscenity in all your career of crime? Go the whole hog. Puke it out! +Be candid for once. + +_(Mute inhuman faces throng forward, leering, vanishing, gibbering, +Booloohoom. Poldy Kock, Bootlaces a penny, Cassidy’s hag, blind +stripling, Larry Rhinoceros, the girl, the woman, the whore, the other, +the...)_ + +BLOOM: Don’t ask me! Our mutual faith. Pleasants street. I only thought +the half of the... I swear on my sacred oath... + +BELLO: _(Peremptorily.)_ Answer. Repugnant wretch! I insist on knowing. +Tell me something to amuse me, smut or a bloody good ghoststory or a +line of poetry, quick, quick, quick! Where? How? What time? With how +many? I give you just three seconds. One! Two! Thr... + +BLOOM: _(Docile, gurgles.)_ I rererepugnosed in rerererepugnant... + +BELLO: _(Imperiously.)_ O, get out, you skunk! Hold your tongue! Speak +when you’re spoken to. + +BLOOM: _(Bows.)_ Master! Mistress! Mantamer! + +_(He lifts his arms. His bangle bracelets fall.)_ + +BELLO: _(Satirically.)_ By day you will souse and bat our smelling +underclothes also when we ladies are unwell, and swab out our latrines +with dress pinned up and a dishclout tied to your tail. Won’t that be +nice? _(He places a ruby ring on her finger.)_ And there now! With this +ring I thee own. Say, thank you, mistress. + +BLOOM: Thank you, mistress. + +BELLO: You will make the beds, get my tub ready, empty the pisspots in +the different rooms, including old Mrs Keogh’s the cook’s, a sandy one. +Ay, and rinse the seven of them well, mind, or lap it up like +champagne. Drink me piping hot. Hop! You will dance attendance or I’ll +lecture you on your misdeeds, Miss Ruby, and spank your bare bot right +well, miss, with the hairbrush. You’ll be taught the error of your +ways. At night your wellcreamed braceletted hands will wear +fortythreebutton gloves newpowdered with talc and having delicately +scented fingertips. For such favours knights of old laid down their +lives. _(He chuckles.)_ My boys will be no end charmed to see you so +ladylike, the colonel, above all, when they come here the night before +the wedding to fondle my new attraction in gilded heels. First I’ll +have a go at you myself. A man I know on the turf named Charles Alberta +Marsh (I was in bed with him just now and another gentleman out of the +Hanaper and Petty Bag office) is on the lookout for a maid of all work +at a short knock. Swell the bust. Smile. Droop shoulders. What offers? +_(He points.)_ For that lot. Trained by owner to fetch and carry, +basket in mouth. _(He bares his arm and plunges it elbowdeep in Bloom’s +vulva.)_ There’s fine depth for you! What, boys? That give you a +hardon? _(He shoves his arm in a bidder’s face.)_ Here wet the deck and +wipe it round! + +A BIDDER: A florin. + +_(Dillon’s lacquey rings his handbell.)_ + +THE LACQUEY: Barang! + +A VOICE: One and eightpence too much. + +CHARLES ALBERTA MARSH: Must be virgin. Good breath. Clean. + +BELLO: _(Gives a rap with his gavel.)_ Two bar. Rockbottom figure and +cheap at the price. Fourteen hands high. Touch and examine shis points. +Handle hrim. This downy skin, these soft muscles, this tender flesh. If +I had only my gold piercer here! And quite easy to milk. Three newlaid +gallons a day. A pure stockgetter, due to lay within the hour. His +sire’s milk record was a thousand gallons of whole milk in forty weeks. +Whoa, my jewel! Beg up! Whoa! _(He brands his initial C on Bloom’s +croup.)_ So! Warranted Cohen! What advance on two bob, gentlemen? + +A DARKVISAGED MAN: _(In disguised accent.)_ Hoondert punt sterlink. + +VOICES: _(Subdued.)_ For the Caliph. Haroun Al Raschid. + +BELLO: _(Gaily.)_ Right. Let them all come. The scanty, daringly short +skirt, riding up at the knee to show a peep of white pantalette, is a +potent weapon and transparent stockings, emeraldgartered, with the long +straight seam trailing up beyond the knee, appeal to the better +instincts of the _blasé_ man about town. Learn the smooth mincing walk +on four inch Louis Quinze heels, the Grecian bend with provoking croup, +the thighs fluescent, knees modestly kissing. Bring all your powers of +fascination to bear on them. Pander to their Gomorrahan vices. + +BLOOM: _(Bends his blushing face into his armpit and simpers with +forefinger in mouth.)_ O, I know what you’re hinting at now! + +BELLO: What else are you good for, an impotent thing like you? _(He +stoops and, peering, pokes with his fan rudely under the fat suet folds +of Bloom’s haunches.)_ Up! Up! Manx cat! What have we here? Where’s +your curly teapot gone to or who docked it on you, cockyolly? Sing, +birdy, sing. It’s as limp as a boy of six’s doing his pooly behind a +cart. Buy a bucket or sell your pump. _(Loudly.)_ Can you do a man’s +job? + +BLOOM: Eccles street... + +BELLO: _(Sarcastically.)_ I wouldn’t hurt your feelings for the world +but there’s a man of brawn in possession there. The tables are turned, +my gay young fellow! He is something like a fullgrown outdoor man. Well +for you, you muff, if you had that weapon with knobs and lumps and +warts all over it. He shot his bolt, I can tell you! Foot to foot, knee +to knee, belly to belly, bubs to breast! He’s no eunuch. A shock of red +hair he has sticking out of him behind like a furzebush! Wait for nine +months, my lad! Holy ginger, it’s kicking and coughing up and down in +her guts already! That makes you wild, don’t it? Touches the spot? _(He +spits in contempt.)_ Spittoon! + +BLOOM: I was indecently treated, I... Inform the police. Hundred +pounds. Unmentionable. I... + +BELLO: Would if you could, lame duck. A downpour we want not your +drizzle. + +BLOOM: To drive me mad! Moll! I forgot! Forgive! Moll... We... Still... + +BELLO: _(Ruthlessly.)_ No, Leopold Bloom, all is changed by woman’s +will since you slept horizontal in Sleepy Hollow your night of twenty +years. Return and see. + +_(Old Sleepy Hollow calls over the wold.)_ + +SLEEPY HOLLOW: Rip van Wink! Rip van Winkle! + +BLOOM: _(In tattered mocassins with a rusty fowlingpiece, tiptoeing, +fingertipping, his haggard bony bearded face peering through the +diamond panes, cries out.)_ I see her! It’s she! The first night at Mat +Dillon’s! But that dress, the green! And her hair is dyed gold and +he... + +BELLO: _(Laughs mockingly.)_ That’s your daughter, you owl, with a +Mullingar student. + +_(Milly Bloom, fairhaired, greenvested, slimsandalled, her blue scarf +in the seawind simply swirling, breaks from the arms of her lover and +calls, her young eyes wonderwide.)_ + +MILLY: My! It’s Papli! But, O Papli, how old you’ve grown! + +BELLO: Changed, eh? Our whatnot, our writingtable where we never wrote, +aunt Hegarty’s armchair, our classic reprints of old masters. A man and +his menfriends are living there in clover. The _Cuckoos’ Rest!_ Why +not? How many women had you, eh, following them up dark streets, +flatfoot, exciting them by your smothered grunts, what, you male +prostitute? Blameless dames with parcels of groceries. Turn about. +Sauce for the goose, my gander O. + +BLOOM: They... I... + +BELLO: _(Cuttingly.)_ Their heelmarks will stamp the Brusselette carpet +you bought at Wren’s auction. In their horseplay with Moll the romp to +find the buck flea in her breeches they will deface the little statue +you carried home in the rain for art for art’s sake. They will violate +the secrets of your bottom drawer. Pages will be torn from your +handbook of astronomy to make them pipespills. And they will spit in +your ten shilling brass fender from Hampton Leedom’s. + +BLOOM: Ten and six. The act of low scoundrels. Let me go. I will +return. I will prove... + +A VOICE: Swear! + +_(Bloom clenches his fists and crawls forward, a bowieknife between his +teeth.)_ + +BELLO: As a paying guest or a kept man? Too late. You have made your +secondbest bed and others must lie in it. Your epitaph is written. You +are down and out and don’t you forget it, old bean. + +BLOOM: Justice! All Ireland versus one! Has nobody...? _(He bites his +thumb.)_ + +BELLO: Die and be damned to you if you have any sense of decency or +grace about you. I can give you a rare old wine that’ll send you +skipping to hell and back. Sign a will and leave us any coin you have! +If you have none see you damn well get it, steal it, rob it! We’ll bury +you in our shrubbery jakes where you’ll be dead and dirty with old Cuck +Cohen, my stepnephew I married, the bloody old gouty procurator and +sodomite with a crick in his neck, and my other ten or eleven husbands, +whatever the buggers’ names were, suffocated in the one cesspool. _(He +explodes in a loud phlegmy laugh.)_ We’ll manure you, Mr Flower! _(He +pipes scoffingly.)_ Byby, Poldy! Byby, Papli! + +BLOOM: _(Clasps his head.)_ My willpower! Memory! I have sinned! I have +suff... + +_(He weeps tearlessly.)_ + +BELLO: _(Sneers.)_ Crybabby! Crocodile tears! + +_(Bloom, broken, closely veiled for the sacrifice, sobs, his face to +the earth. The passing bell is heard. Darkshawled figures of the +circumcised, in sackcloth and ashes, stand by the wailing wall. M. +Shulomowitz, Joseph Goldwater, Moses Herzog, Harris Rosenberg, M. +Moisel, J. Citron, Minnie Watchman, P. Mastiansky, The Reverend Leopold +Abramovitz, Chazen. With swaying arms they wail in pneuma over the +recreant Bloom.)_ + +THE CIRCUMCISED: _(In dark guttural chant as they cast dead sea fruit +upon him, no flowers.) Shema Israel Adonai Elohenu Adonai Echad._ + +VOICES: _(Sighing.)_ So he’s gone. Ah yes. Yes, indeed. Bloom? Never +heard of him. No? Queer kind of chap. There’s the widow. That so? Ah, +yes. + +_(From the suttee pyre the flame of gum camphire ascends. The pall of +incense smoke screens and disperses. Out of her oakframe a nymph with +hair unbound, lightly clad in teabrown artcolours, descends from her +grotto and passing under interlacing yews stands over Bloom.)_ + +THE YEWS: _(Their leaves whispering.)_ Sister. Our sister. Ssh! + +THE NYMPH: _(Softly.)_ Mortal! _(Kindly.)_ Nay, dost not weepest! + +BLOOM: _(Crawls jellily forward under the boughs, streaked by sunlight, +with dignity.)_ This position. I felt it was expected of me. Force of +habit. + +THE NYMPH: Mortal! You found me in evil company, highkickers, coster +picnicmakers, pugilists, popular generals, immoral panto boys in +fleshtights and the nifty shimmy dancers, La Aurora and Karini, musical +act, the hit of the century. I was hidden in cheap pink paper that +smelt of rock oil. I was surrounded by the stale smut of clubmen, +stories to disturb callow youth, ads for transparencies, truedup dice +and bustpads, proprietary articles and why wear a truss with +testimonial from ruptured gentleman. Useful hints to the married. + +BLOOM: _(Lifts a turtle head towards her lap.)_ We have met before. On +another star. + +THE NYMPH: _(Sadly.)_ Rubber goods. Neverrip brand as supplied to the +aristocracy. Corsets for men. I cure fits or money refunded. +Unsolicited testimonials for Professor Waldmann’s wonderful chest +exuber. My bust developed four inches in three weeks, reports Mrs Gus +Rublin with photo. + +BLOOM: You mean _Photo Bits?_ + +THE NYMPH: I do. You bore me away, framed me in oak and tinsel, set me +above your marriage couch. Unseen, one summer eve, you kissed me in +four places. And with loving pencil you shaded my eyes, my bosom and my +shame. + +BLOOM: _(Humbly kisses her long hair.)_ Your classic curves, beautiful +immortal, I was glad to look on you, to praise you, a thing of beauty, +almost to pray. + +THE NYMPH: During dark nights I heard your praise. + +BLOOM: _(Quickly.)_ Yes, yes. You mean that I... Sleep reveals the +worst side of everyone, children perhaps excepted. I know I fell out of +bed or rather was pushed. Steel wine is said to cure snoring. For the +rest there is that English invention, pamphlet of which I received some +days ago, incorrectly addressed. It claims to afford a noiseless, +inoffensive vent. _(He sighs.)_ ’Twas ever thus. Frailty, thy name is +marriage. + +THE NYMPH: _(Her fingers in her ears.)_ And words. They are not in my +dictionary. + +BLOOM: You understood them? + +THE YEWS: Ssh! + +THE NYMPH: _(Covers her face with her hands.)_ What have I not seen in +that chamber? What must my eyes look down on? + +BLOOM: _(Apologetically.)_ I know. Soiled personal linen, wrong side up +with care. The quoits are loose. From Gibraltar by long sea long ago. + +THE NYMPH: _(Bends her head.)_ Worse, worse! + +BLOOM: _(Reflects precautiously.)_ That antiquated commode. It wasn’t +her weight. She scaled just eleven stone nine. She put on nine pounds +after weaning. It was a crack and want of glue. Eh? And that absurd +orangekeyed utensil which has only one handle. + +_(The sound of a waterfall is heard in bright cascade.)_ + +THE WATERFALL: + + Poulaphouca Poulaphouca + Poulaphouca Poulaphouca. + +THE YEWS: _(Mingling their boughs.)_ Listen. Whisper. She is right, our +sister. We grew by Poulaphouca waterfall. We gave shade on languorous +summer days. + +JOHN WYSE NOLAN: _(In the background, in Irish National Forester’s +uniform, doffs his plumed hat.)_ Prosper! Give shade on languorous +days, trees of Ireland! + +THE YEWS: _(Murmuring.)_ Who came to Poulaphouca with the High School +excursion? Who left his nutquesting classmates to seek our shade? + +BLOOM: _(Scared.)_ High School of Poula? Mnemo? Not in full possession +of faculties. Concussion. Run over by tram. + +THE ECHO: Sham! + +BLOOM: _(Pigeonbreasted, bottleshouldered, padded, in nondescript +juvenile grey and black striped suit, too small for him, white tennis +shoes, bordered stockings with turnover tops and a red schoolcap with +badge.)_ I was in my teens, a growing boy. A little then sufficed, a +jolting car, the mingling odours of the ladies’ cloakroom and lavatory, +the throng penned tight on the old Royal stairs (for they love crushes, +instinct of the herd, and the dark sexsmelling theatre unbridles vice), +even a pricelist of their hosiery. And then the heat. There were +sunspots that summer. End of school. And tipsycake. Halcyon days. + +_(Halcyon days, high school boys in blue and white football jerseys and +shorts, Master Donald Turnbull, Master Abraham Chatterton, Master Owen +Goldberg, Master Jack Meredith, Master Percy Apjohn, stand in a +clearing of the trees and shout to Master Leopold Bloom.)_ + +THE HALCYON DAYS: Mackerel! Live us again. Hurray! _(They cheer.)_ + +BLOOM: _(Hobbledehoy, warmgloved, mammamufflered, starred with spent +snowballs, struggles to rise.)_ Again! I feel sixteen! What a lark! +Let’s ring all the bells in Montague street. _(He cheers feebly.)_ +Hurray for the High School! + +THE ECHO: Fool! + +THE YEWS: _(Rustling.)_ She is right, our sister. Whisper. _(Whispered +kisses are heard in all the wood. Faces of hamadryads peep out from the +boles and among the leaves and break, blossoming into bloom.)_ Who +profaned our silent shade? + +THE NYMPH: _(Coyly, through parting fingers.)_ There? In the open air? + +THE YEWS: _(Sweeping downward.)_ Sister, yes. And on our virgin sward. + +THE WATERFALL: + + Poulaphouca Poulaphouca + Phoucaphouca Phoucaphouca. + +THE NYMPH: _(With wide fingers.)_ O, infamy! + +BLOOM: I was precocious. Youth. The fauna. I sacrificed to the god of +the forest. The flowers that bloom in the spring. It was pairing time. +Capillary attraction is a natural phenomenon. Lotty Clarke, +flaxenhaired, I saw at her night toilette through illclosed curtains +with poor papa’s operaglasses: The wanton ate grass wildly. She rolled +downhill at Rialto bridge to tempt me with her flow of animal spirits. +She climbed their crooked tree and I... A saint couldn’t resist it. The +demon possessed me. Besides, who saw? + +_(Staggering Bob, a whitepolled calf, thrusts a ruminating head with +humid nostrils through the foliage.)_ + +STAGGERING BOB: (_Large teardrops rolling from his prominent eyes, +snivels._) Me. Me see. + +BLOOM: Simply satisfying a need I... _(With pathos.)_ No girl would +when I went girling. Too ugly. They wouldn’t play... + +_(High on Ben Howth through rhododendrons a nannygoat passes, +plumpuddered, buttytailed, dropping currants.)_ + +THE NANNYGOAT: _(Bleats.)_ Megeggaggegg! Nannannanny! + +BLOOM: _(Hatless, flushed, covered with burrs of thistledown and +gorsespine.)_ Regularly engaged. Circumstances alter cases. _(He gazes +intently downwards on the water.)_ Thirtytwo head over heels per +second. Press nightmare. Giddy Elijah. Fall from cliff. Sad end of +government printer’s clerk. _(Through silversilent summer air the dummy +of Bloom, rolled in a mummy, rolls roteatingly from the Lion’s Head +cliff into the purple waiting waters.)_ + +THE DUMMYMUMMY: Bbbbblllllblblblblobschbg! + +_(Far out in the bay between Bailey and Kish lights the_ Erin’s King +_sails, sending a broadening plume of coalsmoke from her funnel towards +the land.)_ + +COUNCILLOR NANNETTI: _(Alone on deck, in dark alpaca, yellowkitefaced, +his hand in his waistcoat opening, declaims.)_ When my country takes +her place among the nations of the earth, then, and not till then, let +my epitaph be written. I have... + +BLOOM: Done. Prff! + +THE NYMPH: _(Loftily.)_ We immortals, as you saw today, have not such a +place and no hair there either. We are stonecold and pure. We eat +electric light. _(She arches her body in lascivious crispation, placing +her forefinger in her mouth.)_ Spoke to me. Heard from behind. How then +could you...? + +BLOOM: _(Pawing the heather abjectly.)_ O, I have been a perfect pig. +Enemas too I have administered. One third of a pint of quassia to which +add a tablespoonful of rocksalt. Up the fundament. With Hamilton Long’s +syringe, the ladies’ friend. + +THE NYMPH: In my presence. The powderpuff. _(She blushes and makes a +knee.)_ And the rest! + +BLOOM: _(Dejected.)_ Yes. _Peccavi!_ I have paid homage on that living +altar where the back changes name. _(With sudden fervour.)_ For why +should the dainty scented jewelled hand, the hand that rules...? + +_(Figures wind serpenting in slow woodland pattern around the +treestems, cooeeing.)_ + +THE VOICE OF KITTY: _(In the thicket.)_ Show us one of them cushions. + +THE VOICE OF FLORRY: Here. + +_(A grouse wings clumsily through the underwood.)_ + +THE VOICE OF LYNCH: _(In the thicket.)_ Whew! Piping hot! + +THE VOICE OF ZOE: _(From the thicket.)_ Came from a hot place. + +THE VOICE OF VIRAG: _(A birdchief, bluestreaked and feathered in war +panoply with his assegai, striding through a crackling canebrake over +beechmast and acorns.)_ Hot! Hot! Ware Sitting Bull! + +BLOOM: It overpowers me. The warm impress of her warm form. Even to sit +where a woman has sat, especially with divaricated thighs, as though to +grant the last favours, most especially with previously well uplifted +white sateen coatpans. So womanly, full. It fills me full. + +THE WATERFALL: + + Phillaphulla Poulaphouca + Poulaphouca Poulaphouca. + +THE YEWS: Ssh! Sister, speak! + +THE NYMPH: _(Eyeless, in nun’s white habit, coif and hugewinged wimple, +softly, with remote eyes.)_ Tranquilla convent. Sister Agatha. Mount +Carmel. The apparitions of Knock and Lourdes. No more desire. _(She +reclines her head, sighing.)_ Only the ethereal. Where dreamy creamy +gull waves o’er the waters dull. + +_(Bloom half rises. His back trouserbutton snaps.)_ + +THE BUTTON: Bip! + +_(Two sluts of the Coombe dance rainily by, shawled, yelling flatly.)_ + +THE SLUTS: + + O, Leopold lost the pin of his drawers + He didn’t know what to do, + To keep it up, + To keep it up. + +BLOOM: _(Coldly.)_ You have broken the spell. The last straw. If there +were only ethereal where would you all be, postulants and novices? Shy +but willing like an ass pissing. + +THE YEWS: _(Their silverfoil of leaves precipitating, their skinny arms +aging and swaying.)_ Deciduously! + +THE NYMPH: _(Her features hardening, gropes in the folds of her +habit.)_ Sacrilege! To attempt my virtue! _(A large moist stain appears +on her robe.)_ Sully my innocence! You are not fit to touch the garment +of a pure woman. _(She clutches again in her robe.)_ Wait. Satan, +you’ll sing no more lovesongs. Amen. Amen. Amen. Amen. _(She draws a +poniard and, clad in the sheathmail of an elected knight of nine, +strikes at his loins.)_ Nekum! + +BLOOM: _(Starts up, seizes her hand.)_ Hoy! Nebrakada! Cat o’ nine +lives! Fair play, madam. No pruningknife. The fox and the grapes, is +it? What do you lack with your barbed wire? Crucifix not thick enough? +_(He clutches her veil.)_ A holy abbot you want or Brophy, the lame +gardener, or the spoutless statue of the watercarrier, or good mother +Alphonsus, eh Reynard? + +THE NYMPH: _(With a cry flees from him unveiled, her plaster cast +cracking, a cloud of stench escaping from the cracks.)_ Poli...! + +BLOOM: _(Calls after her.)_ As if you didn’t get it on the double +yourselves. No jerks and multiple mucosities all over you. I tried it. +Your strength our weakness. What’s our studfee? What will you pay on +the nail? You fee mendancers on the Riviera, I read. _(The fleeing +nymph raises a keen.)_ Eh? I have sixteen years of black slave labour +behind me. And would a jury give me five shillings alimony tomorrow, +eh? Fool someone else, not me. _(He sniffs.)_ Rut. Onions. Stale. +Sulphur. Grease. + +_(The figure of Bella Cohen stands before him.)_ + +BELLA: You’ll know me the next time. + +BLOOM: _(Composed, regards her.) Passée._ Mutton dressed as lamb. Long +in the tooth and superfluous hair. A raw onion the last thing at night +would benefit your complexion. And take some double chin drill. Your +eyes are as vapid as the glasseyes of your stuffed fox. They have the +dimensions of your other features, that’s all. I’m not a triple screw +propeller. + +BELLA: _(Contemptuously.)_ You’re not game, in fact. _(Her sowcunt +barks.)_ Fbhracht! + +BLOOM: _(Contemptuously.)_ Clean your nailless middle finger first, +your bully’s cold spunk is dripping from your cockscomb. Take a handful +of hay and wipe yourself. + +BELLA: I know you, canvasser! Dead cod! + +BLOOM: I saw him, kipkeeper! Pox and gleet vendor! + +BELLA: _(Turns to the piano.)_ Which of you was playing the dead march +from _Saul?_ + +ZOE: Me. Mind your cornflowers. _(She darts to the piano and bangs +chords on it with crossed arms.)_ The cat’s ramble through the slag. +_(She glances back.)_ Eh? Who’s making love to my sweeties? _(She darts +back to the table.)_ What’s yours is mine and what’s mine is my own. + +_(Kitty, disconcerted, coats her teeth with the silver paper. Bloom +approaches Zoe.)_ + +BLOOM: _(Gently.)_ Give me back that potato, will you? + +ZOE: Forfeits, a fine thing and a superfine thing. + +BLOOM: _(With feeling.)_ It is nothing, but still, a relic of poor +mamma. + +ZOE: + + Give a thing and take it back + God’ll ask you where is that + You’ll say you don’t know + God’ll send you down below. + +BLOOM: There is a memory attached to it. I should like to have it. + +STEPHEN: To have or not to have that is the question. + +ZOE: Here. _(She hauls up a reef of her slip, revealing her bare thigh, +and unrolls the potato from the top of her stocking.)_ Those that hides +knows where to find. + +BELLA: _(Frowns.)_ Here. This isn’t a musical peepshow. And don’t you +smash that piano. Who’s paying here? + +_(She goes to the pianola. Stephen fumbles in his pocket and, taking +out a banknote by its corner, hands it to her.)_ + +STEPHEN: _(With exaggerated politeness.)_ This silken purse I made out +of the sow’s ear of the public. Madam, excuse me. If you allow me. _(He +indicates vaguely Lynch and Bloom.)_ We are all in the same sweepstake, +Kinch and Lynch. _Dans ce bordel où tenons nostre état_. + +LYNCH: _(Calls from the hearth.)_ Dedalus! Give her your blessing for +me. + +STEPHEN: _(Hands Bella a coin.)_ Gold. She has it. + +BELLA: _(Looks at the money, then at Stephen, then at Zoe, Florry and +Kitty.)_ Do you want three girls? It’s ten shillings here. + +STEPHEN: _(Delightedly.)_ A hundred thousand apologies. _(He fumbles +again and takes out and hands her two crowns.)_ Permit, _brevi manu_, +my sight is somewhat troubled. + +_(Bella goes to the table to count the money while Stephen talks to +himself in monosyllables. Zoe bends over the table. Kitty leans over +Zoe’s neck. Lynch gets up, rights his cap and, clasping Kitty’s waist, +adds his head to the group.)_ + +FLORRY: _(Strives heavily to rise.)_ Ow! My foot’s asleep. _(She limps +over to the table. Bloom approaches.)_ + +BELLA, ZOE, KITTY, LYNCH, BLOOM: _(Chattering and squabbling.)_ The +gentleman... ten shillings... paying for the three... allow me a +moment... this gentleman pays separate... who’s touching it?... ow! ... +mind who you’re pinching... are you staying the night or a short +time?... who did?... you’re a liar, excuse me... the gentleman paid +down like a gentleman... drink... it’s long after eleven. + +STEPHEN: _(At the pianola, making a gesture of abhorrence.)_ No +bottles! What, eleven? A riddle! + +ZOE: _(Lifting up her pettigown and folding a half sovereign into the +top of her stocking.)_ Hard earned on the flat of my back. + +LYNCH: _(Lifting Kitty from the table.)_ Come! + +KITTY: Wait. _(She clutches the two crowns.)_ + +FLORRY: And me? + +LYNCH: Hoopla! + +_(He lifts her, carries her and bumps her down on the sofa.)_ + +STEPHEN: + + The fox crew, the cocks flew, + The bells in heaven + Were striking eleven. + ’Tis time for her poor soul + To get out of heaven. + +BLOOM: _(Quietly lays a half sovereign on the table between Bella and +Florry.)_ So. Allow me. _(He takes up the poundnote.)_ Three times ten. +We’re square. + +BELLA: _(Admiringly.)_ You’re such a slyboots, old cocky. I could kiss +you. + +ZOE: _(Points.)_ Him? Deep as a drawwell. _(Lynch bends Kitty back over +the sofa and kisses her. Bloom goes with the poundnote to Stephen.)_ + +BLOOM: This is yours. + +STEPHEN: How is that? _Le distrait_ or absentminded beggar. _(He +fumbles again in his pocket and draws out a handful of coins. An object +falls.)_ That fell. + +BLOOM: _(Stooping, picks up and hands a box of matches.)_ This. + +STEPHEN: Lucifer. Thanks. + +BLOOM: _(Quietly.)_ You had better hand over that cash to me to take +care of. Why pay more? + +STEPHEN: _(Hands him all his coins.)_ Be just before you are generous. + +BLOOM: I will but is it wise? _(He counts.)_ One, seven, eleven, and +five. Six. Eleven. I don’t answer for what you may have lost. + +STEPHEN: Why striking eleven? Proparoxyton. Moment before the next +Lessing says. Thirsty fox. _(He laughs loudly.)_ Burying his +grandmother. Probably he killed her. + +BLOOM: That is one pound six and eleven. One pound seven, say. + +STEPHEN: Doesn’t matter a rambling damn. + +BLOOM: No, but... + +STEPHEN: _(Comes to the table.)_ Cigarette, please. _(Lynch tosses a +cigarette from the sofa to the table.)_ And so Georgina Johnson is dead +and married. _(A cigarette appears on the table. Stephen looks at it.)_ +Wonder. Parlour magic. Married. Hm. _(He strikes a match and proceeds +to light the cigarette with enigmatic melancholy.)_ + +LYNCH: _(Watching him.)_ You would have a better chance of lighting it +if you held the match nearer. + +STEPHEN: _(Brings the match near his eye.)_ Lynx eye. Must get glasses. +Broke them yesterday. Sixteen years ago. Distance. The eye sees all +flat. _(He draws the match away. It goes out.)_ Brain thinks. Near: +far. Ineluctable modality of the visible. _(He frowns mysteriously.)_ +Hm. Sphinx. The beast that has two backs at midnight. Married. + +ZOE: It was a commercial traveller married her and took her away with +him. + +FLORRY: _(Nods.)_ Mr Lambe from London. + +STEPHEN: Lamb of London, who takest away the sins of our world. + +LYNCH: _(Embracing Kitty on the sofa, chants deeply.) Dona nobis +pacem._ + +_(The cigarette slips from Stephen’s fingers. Bloom picks it up and +throws it in the grate.)_ + +BLOOM: Don’t smoke. You ought to eat. Cursed dog I met. _(To Zoe.)_ You +have nothing? + +ZOE: Is he hungry? + +STEPHEN: _(Extends his hand to her smiling and chants to the air of the +bloodoath in the_ Dusk of the Gods.) + + Hangende Hunger, + Fragende Frau, + Macht uns alle kaputt. + +ZOE: _(Tragically.)_ Hamlet, I am thy father’s gimlet! _(She takes his +hand.)_ Blue eyes beauty I’ll read your hand. _(She points to his +forehead.)_ No wit, no wrinkles. _(She counts.)_ Two, three, Mars, +that’s courage. _(Stephen shakes his head.)_ No kid. + +LYNCH: Sheet lightning courage. The youth who could not shiver and +shake. _(To Zoe.)_ Who taught you palmistry? + +ZOE: _(Turns.)_ Ask my ballocks that I haven’t got. _(To Stephen.)_ I +see it in your face. The eye, like that. _(She frowns with lowered +head.)_ + +LYNCH: _(Laughing, slaps Kitty behind twice.)_ Like that. Pandybat. + +_(Twice loudly a pandybat cracks, the coffin of the pianola flies open, +the bald little round jack-in-the-box head of Father Dolan springs +up.)_ + +FATHER DOLAN: Any boy want flogging? Broke his glasses? Lazy idle +little schemer. See it in your eye. + +_(Mild, benign, rectorial, reproving, the head of Don John Conmee rises +from the pianola coffin.)_ + +DON JOHN CONMEE: Now, Father Dolan! Now. I’m sure that Stephen is a +very good little boy! + +ZOE: _(Examining Stephen’s palm.)_ Woman’s hand. + +STEPHEN: _(Murmurs.)_ Continue. Lie. Hold me. Caress. I never could +read His handwriting except His criminal thumbprint on the haddock. + +ZOE: What day were you born? + +STEPHEN: Thursday. Today. + +ZOE: Thursday’s child has far to go. _(She traces lines on his hand.)_ +Line of fate. Influential friends. + +FLORRY: _(Pointing.)_ Imagination. + +ZOE: Mount of the moon. You’ll meet with a... _(She peers at his hands +abruptly.)_ I won’t tell you what’s not good for you. Or do you want to +know? + +BLOOM: _(Detaches her fingers and offers his palm.)_ More harm than +good. Here. Read mine. + +BELLA: Show. _(She turns up Bloom’s hand.)_ I thought so. Knobby +knuckles for the women. + +ZOE: _(Peering at Bloom’s palm.)_ Gridiron. Travels beyond the sea and +marry money. + +BLOOM: Wrong. + +ZOE: _(Quickly.)_ O, I see. Short little finger. Henpecked husband. +That wrong? + +_(Black Liz, a huge rooster hatching in a chalked circle, rises, +stretches her wings and clucks.)_ + +BLACK LIZ: Gara. Klook. Klook. Klook. + +_(She sidles from her newlaid egg and waddles off.)_ + +BLOOM: _(Points to his hand.)_ That weal there is an accident. Fell and +cut it twentytwo years ago. I was sixteen. + +ZOE: I see, says the blind man. Tell us news. + +STEPHEN: See? Moves to one great goal. I am twentytwo. Sixteen years +ago he was twentytwo too. Sixteen years ago I twentytwo tumbled. +Twentytwo years ago he sixteen fell off his hobbyhorse. _(He winces.)_ +Hurt my hand somewhere. Must see a dentist. Money? + +_(Zoe whispers to Florry. They giggle. Bloom releases his hand and +writes idly on the table in backhand, pencilling slow curves.)_ + +FLORRY: What? + +_(A hackneycar, number three hundred and twentyfour, with a +gallantbuttocked mare, driven by James Barton, Harmony Avenue, +Donnybrook, trots past. Blazes Boylan and Lenehan sprawl swaying on the +sideseats. The Ormond boots crouches behind on the axle. Sadly over the +crossblind Lydia Douce and Mina Kennedy gaze.)_ + +THE BOOTS: _(Jogging, mocks them with thumb and wriggling +wormfingers.)_ Haw haw have you the horn? + +_(Bronze by gold they whisper.)_ + +ZOE: _(To Florry.)_ Whisper. + +_(They whisper again.)_ + +_(Over the well of the car Blazes Boylan leans, his boater straw set +sideways, a red flower in his mouth. Lenehan in yachtsman’s cap and +white shoes officiously detaches a long hair from Blazes Boylan’s coat +shoulder.)_ + +LENEHAN: Ho! What do I here behold? Were you brushing the cobwebs off a +few quims? + +BOYLAN: _(Sated, smiles.)_ Plucking a turkey. + +LENEHAN: A good night’s work. + +BOYLAN: _(Holding up four thick bluntungulated fingers, winks.)_ Blazes +Kate! Up to sample or your money back. _(He holds out a forefinger.)_ +Smell that. + +LENEHAN: _(Smells gleefully.)_ Ah! Lobster and mayonnaise. Ah! + +ZOE AND FLORRY: _(Laugh together.)_ Ha ha ha ha. + +BOYLAN: _(Jumps surely from the car and calls loudly for all to hear.)_ +Hello, Bloom! Mrs Bloom dressed yet? + +BLOOM: _(In flunkey’s prune plush coat and kneebreeches, buff stockings +and powdered wig.)_ I’m afraid not, sir. The last articles... + +BOYLAN: _(Tosses him sixpence.)_ Here, to buy yourself a gin and +splash. _(He hangs his hat smartly on a peg of Bloom’s antlered head.)_ +Show me in. I have a little private business with your wife, you +understand? + +BLOOM: Thank you, sir. Yes, sir. Madam Tweedy is in her bath, sir. + +MARION: He ought to feel himself highly honoured. _(She plops splashing +out of the water.)_ Raoul darling, come and dry me. I’m in my pelt. +Only my new hat and a carriage sponge. + +BOYLAN: _(A merry twinkle in his eye.)_ Topping! + +BELLA: What? What is it? + +_(Zoe whispers to her.)_ + +MARION: Let him look, the pishogue! Pimp! And scourge himself! I’ll +write to a powerful prostitute or Bartholomona, the bearded woman, to +raise weals out on him an inch thick and make him bring me back a +signed and stamped receipt. + +BOYLAN: (Clasps himself.) Here, I can’t hold this little lot much +longer. (He strides off on stiff cavalry legs.) + +BELLA: _(Laughing.)_ Ho ho ho ho. + +BOYLAN: _(To Bloom, over his shoulder.)_ You can apply your eye to the +keyhole and play with yourself while I just go through her a few times. + +BLOOM: Thank you, sir. I will, sir. May I bring two men chums to +witness the deed and take a snapshot? _(He holds out an ointment jar.)_ +Vaseline, sir? Orangeflower...? Lukewarm water...? + +KITTY: _(From the sofa.)_ Tell us, Florry. Tell us. What... + +_(Florry whispers to her. Whispering lovewords murmur, liplapping +loudly, poppysmic plopslop.)_ + +MINA KENNEDY: _(Her eyes upturned.)_ O, it must be like the scent of +geraniums and lovely peaches! O, he simply idolises every bit of her! +Stuck together! Covered with kisses! + +LYDIA DOUCE: _(Her mouth opening.)_ Yumyum. O, he’s carrying her round +the room doing it! Ride a cockhorse. You could hear them in Paris and +New York. Like mouthfuls of strawberries and cream. + +KITTY: _(Laughing.)_ Hee hee hee. + +BOYLAN’S VOICE: _(Sweetly, hoarsely, in the pit of his stomach.)_ Ah! +Godblazeqrukbrukarchkrasht! + +MARION’S VOICE: _(Hoarsely, sweetly, rising to her throat.)_ O! +Weeshwashtkissinapooisthnapoohuck? + +BLOOM: _(His eyes wildly dilated, clasps himself.)_ Show! Hide! Show! +Plough her! More! Shoot! + +BELLA, ZOE, FLORRY, KITTY: Ho ho! Ha ha! Hee hee! + +LYNCH: _(Points.)_ The mirror up to nature. _(He laughs.)_ Hu hu hu hu +hu! + +_(Stephen and Bloom gaze in the mirror. The face of William +Shakespeare, beardless, appears there, rigid in facial paralysis, +crowned by the reflection of the reindeer antlered hatrack in the +hall.)_ + +SHAKESPEARE: _(In dignified ventriloquy.)_ ’Tis the loud laugh bespeaks +the vacant mind. _(To Bloom.)_ Thou thoughtest as how thou wastest +invisible. Gaze. _(He crows with a black capon’s laugh.)_ Iagogo! How +my Oldfellow chokit his Thursdaymornun. Iagogogo! + +BLOOM: _(Smiles yellowly at the three whores.)_ When will I hear the +joke? + +ZOE: Before you’re twice married and once a widower. + +BLOOM: Lapses are condoned. Even the great Napoleon when measurements +were taken next the skin after his death... + +_(Mrs Dignam, widow woman, her snubnose and cheeks flushed with +deathtalk, tears and Tunney’s tawny sherry, hurries by in her weeds, +her bonnet awry, rouging and powdering her cheeks, lips and nose, a pen +chivvying her brood of cygnets. Beneath her skirt appear her late +husband’s everyday trousers and turnedup boots, large eights. She holds +a Scottish widow’s insurance policy and a large marquee umbrella under +which her brood run with her, Patsy hopping on one shod foot, his +collar loose, a hank of porksteaks dangling, Freddy whimpering, Susy +with a crying cod’s mouth, Alice struggling with the baby. She cuffs +them on, her streamers flaunting aloft.)_ + +FREDDY: Ah, ma, you’re dragging me along! + +SUSY: Mamma, the beeftea is fizzing over! + +SHAKESPEARE: _(With paralytic rage.)_ Weda seca whokilla farst. + +_(The face of Martin Cunningham, bearded, refeatures Shakespeare’s +beardless face. The marquee umbrella sways drunkenly, the children run +aside. Under the umbrella appears Mrs Cunningham in Merry Widow hat and +kimono gown. She glides sidling and bowing, twirling japanesily.)_ + +MRS CUNNINGHAM: _(Sings.)_ + + And they call me the jewel of Asia! + + +MARTIN CUNNINGHAM: _(Gazes on her, impassive.)_ Immense! Most bloody +awful demirep! + +STEPHEN: _Et exaltabuntur cornua iusti._ Queens lay with prize bulls. +Remember Pasiphae for whose lust my grandoldgrossfather made the first +confessionbox. Forget not Madam Grissel Steevens nor the suine scions +of the house of Lambert. And Noah was drunk with wine. And his ark was +open. + +BELLA: None of that here. Come to the wrong shop. + +LYNCH: Let him alone. He’s back from Paris. + +ZOE: _(Runs to stephen and links him.)_ O go on! Give us some +parleyvoo. + +_(Stephen claps hat on head and leaps over to the fireplace where he +stands with shrugged shoulders, finny hands outspread, a painted smile +on his face.)_ + +LYNCH: _(Pommelling on the sofa.)_ Rmm Rmm Rmm Rrrrrrmmmmm. + +STEPHEN: _(Gabbles with marionette jerks.)_ Thousand places of +entertainment to expense your evenings with lovely ladies saling gloves +and other things perhaps hers heart beerchops perfect fashionable house +very eccentric where lots cocottes beautiful dressed much about +princesses like are dancing cancan and walking there parisian +clowneries extra foolish for bachelors foreigns the same if talking a +poor english how much smart they are on things love and sensations +voluptuous. Misters very selects for is pleasure must to visit heaven +and hell show with mortuary candles and they tears silver which occur +every night. Perfectly shocking terrific of religion’s things mockery +seen in universal world. All chic womans which arrive full of modesty +then disrobe and squeal loud to see vampire man debauch nun very fresh +young with _dessous troublants_. _(He clacks his tongue loudly.)_ _Ho, +là là! Ce pif qu’il a!_ + +LYNCH: _Vive le vampire!_ + +THE WHORES: Bravo! Parleyvoo! + +STEPHEN: _(Grimacing with head back, laughs loudly, clapping himself.)_ +Great success of laughing. Angels much prostitutes like and holy +apostles big damn ruffians. _Demimondaines_ nicely handsome sparkling +of diamonds very amiable costumed. Or do you are fond better what +belongs they moderns pleasure turpitude of old mans? _(He points about +him with grotesque gestures which Lynch and the whores reply to.)_ +Caoutchouc statue woman reversible or lifesize tompeeptom of virgins +nudities very lesbic the kiss five ten times. Enter, gentleman, to see +in mirror every positions trapezes all that machine there besides also +if desire act awfully bestial butcher’s boy pollutes in warm veal liver +or omlet on the belly _pièce de Shakespeare._ + +BELLA: _(Clapping her belly sinks back on the sofa, with a shout of +laughter.)_ An omelette on the... Ho! ho! ho! ho!... omelette on the... + +STEPHEN: _(Mincingly.)_ I love you, sir darling. Speak you englishman +tongue for _double entente cordiale._ O yes, _mon loup_. How much cost? +Waterloo. Watercloset. _(He ceases suddenly and holds up a +forefinger.)_ + +BELLA: _(Laughing.)_ Omelette... + +THE WHORES: _(Laughing.)_ Encore! Encore! + +STEPHEN: Mark me. I dreamt of a watermelon. + +ZOE: Go abroad and love a foreign lady. + +LYNCH: Across the world for a wife. + +FLORRY: Dreams goes by contraries. + +STEPHEN: _(Extends his arms.)_ It was here. Street of harlots. In +Serpentine avenue Beelzebub showed me her, a fubsy widow. Where’s the +red carpet spread? + +BLOOM: _(Approaching Stephen.)_ Look... + +STEPHEN: No, I flew. My foes beneath me. And ever shall be. World +without end. _(He cries.) Pater!_ Free! + +BLOOM: I say, look... + +STEPHEN: Break my spirit, will he? _O merde alors! (He cries, his +vulture talons sharpened.)_ Hola! Hillyho! + +_(Simon Dedalus’ voice hilloes in answer, somewhat sleepy but ready.)_ + +SIMON: That’s all right. _(He swoops uncertainly through the air, +wheeling, uttering cries of heartening, on strong ponderous buzzard +wings.)_ Ho, boy! Are you going to win? Hoop! Pschatt! Stable with +those halfcastes. Wouldn’t let them within the bawl of an ass. Head up! +Keep our flag flying! An eagle gules volant in a field argent +displayed. Ulster king at arms! Haihoop! _(He makes the beagle’s call, +giving tongue.)_ Bulbul! Burblblburblbl! Hai, boy! + +_(The fronds and spaces of the wallpaper file rapidly across country. A +stout fox, drawn from covert, brush pointed, having buried his +grandmother, runs swift for the open, brighteyed, seeking badger earth, +under the leaves. The pack of staghounds follows, nose to the ground, +sniffing their quarry, beaglebaying, burblbrbling to be blooded. Ward +Union huntsmen and huntswomen live with them, hot for a kill. From Six +Mile Point, Flathouse, Nine Mile Stone follow the footpeople with +knotty sticks, hayforks, salmongaffs, lassos, flockmasters with +stockwhips, bearbaiters with tomtoms, toreadors with bullswords, grey +negroes waving torches. The crowd bawls of dicers, crown and anchor +players, thimbleriggers, broadsmen. Crows and touts, hoarse bookies in +high wizard hats clamour deafeningly.)_ + +THE CROWD: + + Card of the races. Racing card! + Ten to one the field! + Tommy on the clay here! Tommy on the clay! + Ten to one bar one! Ten to one bar one! + Try your luck on Spinning Jenny! + Ten to one bar one! + Sell the monkey, boys! Sell the monkey! + I’ll give ten to one! + Ten to one bar one! + +_(A dark horse, riderless, bolts like a phantom past the winningpost, +his mane moonfoaming, his eyeballs stars. The field follows, a bunch of +bucking mounts. Skeleton horses, Sceptre, Maximum the Second, +Zinfandel, the Duke of Westminster’s Shotover, Repulse, the Duke of +Beaufort’s Ceylon, prix de Paris. Dwarfs ride them, rustyarmoured, +leaping, leaping in their, in their saddles. Last in a drizzle of rain +on a brokenwinded isabelle nag, Cock of the North, the favourite, honey +cap, green jacket, orange sleeves, Garrett Deasy up, gripping the +reins, a hockeystick at the ready. His nag on spavined whitegaitered +feet jogs along the rocky road.)_ + +THE ORANGE LODGES: _(Jeering.)_ Get down and push, mister. Last lap! +You’ll be home the night! + +GARRETT DEASY: _(Bolt upright, his nailscraped face plastered with +postagestamps, brandishes his hockeystick, his blue eyes flashing in +the prism of the chandelier as his mount lopes by at schooling +gallop.)_ + +_Per vias rectas!_ + +_(A yoke of buckets leopards all over him and his rearing nag a torrent +of mutton broth with dancing coins of carrots, barley, onions, turnips, +potatoes.)_ + +THE GREEN LODGES: Soft day, sir John! Soft day, your honour! + +_(Private Carr, Private Compton and Cissy Caffrey pass beneath the +windows, singing in discord.)_ + +STEPHEN: Hark! Our friend noise in the street. + +ZOE: _(Holds up her hand.)_ Stop! + +PRIVATE CARR, PRIVATE COMPTON AND CISSY CAFFREY: + + Yet I’ve a sort of a + Yorkshire relish for... + +ZOE: That’s me. _(She claps her hands.)_ Dance! Dance! _(She runs to +the pianola.)_ Who has twopence? + +BLOOM: Who’ll...? + +LYNCH: _(Handing her coins.)_ Here. + +STEPHEN: _(Cracking his fingers impatiently.)_ Quick! Quick! Where’s my +augur’s rod? _(He runs to the piano and takes his ashplant, beating his +foot in tripudium.)_ + +ZOE: _(Turns the drumhandle.)_ There. + +_(She drops two pennies in the slot. Gold, pink and violet lights start +forth. The drum turns purring in low hesitation waltz. Professor +Goodwin, in a bowknotted periwig, in court dress, wearing a stained +inverness cape, bent in two from incredible age, totters across the +room, his hands fluttering. He sits tinily on the pianostool and lifts +and beats handless sticks of arms on the keyboard, nodding with +damsel’s grace, his bowknot bobbing.)_ + +ZOE: _(Twirls round herself, heeltapping.)_ Dance. Anybody here for +there? Who’ll dance? Clear the table. + +_(The pianola with changing lights plays in waltz time the prelude of_ +My Girl’s a Yorkshire Girl. _Stephen throws his ashplant on the table +and seizes Zoe round the waist. Florry and Bella push the table towards +the fireplace. Stephen, arming Zoe with exaggerated grace, begins to +waltz her round the room. Bloom stands aside. Her sleeve falling from +gracing arms, reveals a white fleshflower of vaccination. Between the +curtains Professor Maginni inserts a leg on the toepoint of which spins +a silk hat. With a deft kick he sends it spinning to his crown and +jauntyhatted skates in. He wears a slate frockcoat with claret silk +lapels, a gorget of cream tulle, a green lowcut waistcoat, stock collar +with white kerchief, tight lavender trousers, patent pumps and canary +gloves. In his buttonhole is an immense dahlia. He twirls in reversed +directions a clouded cane, then wedges it tight in his oxter. He places +a hand lightly on his breastbone, bows, and fondles his flower and +buttons.)_ + +MAGINNI: The poetry of motion, art of calisthenics. No connection with +Madam Legget Byrne’s or Levenston’s. Fancy dress balls arranged. +Deportment. The Katty Lanner step. So. Watch me! My terpsichorean +abilities. _(He minuets forward three paces on tripping bee’s feet.) +Tout le monde en avant! Révérence! Tout le monde en place!_ + +_(The prelude ceases. Professor Goodwin, beating vague arms shrivels, +sinks, his live cape falling about the stool. The air in firmer waltz +time sounds. Stephen and Zoe circle freely. The lights change, glow, +fade gold rosy violet.)_ + +THE PIANOLA: + + Two young fellows were talking about their girls, girls, girls, + Sweethearts they’d left behind... + +_(From a corner the morning hours run out, goldhaired, slimsandalled, +in girlish blue, waspwaisted, with innocent hands. Nimbly they dance, +twirling their skipping ropes. The hours of noon follow in amber gold. +Laughing, linked, high haircombs flashing, they catch the sun in +mocking mirrors, lifting their arms.)_ + +MAGINNI: _(Clipclaps glovesilent hands.) Carré! Avant deux!_ Breathe +evenly! _Balance!_ + +_(The morning and noon hours waltz in their places, turning, advancing +to each other, shaping their curves, bowing visavis. Cavaliers behind +them arch and suspend their arms, with hands descending to, touching, +rising from their shoulders.)_ + +HOURS: You may touch my. + +CAVALIERS: May I touch your? + +HOURS: O, but lightly! + +CAVALIERS: O, so lightly! + +THE PIANOLA: + + My little shy little lass has a waist. + +_(Zoe and Stephen turn boldly with looser swing. The twilight hours +advance from long landshadows, dispersed, lagging, languideyed, their +cheeks delicate with cipria and false faint bloom. They are in grey +gauze with dark bat sleeves that flutter in the land breeze.)_ + +MAGINNI: _Avant huit! Traversé! Salut! Cours de mains! Croisé!_ + +_(The night hours, one by one, steal to the last place. Morning, noon +and twilight hours retreat before them. They are masked, with daggered +hair and bracelets of dull bells. Weary they curchycurchy under +veils.)_ + +THE BRACELETS: Heigho! Heigho! + +ZOE: _(Twirling, her hand to her brow.)_ O! + +MAGINNI: _Les tiroirs! Chaîne de dames! La corbeille! Dos à dos!_ + +_(Arabesquing wearily they weave a pattern on the floor, weaving, +unweaving, curtseying, twirling, simply swirling.)_ + +ZOE: I’m giddy! + +_(She frees herself, droops on a chair. Stephen seizes Florry and turns +with her.)_ + +MAGINNI: _Boulangère! Les ronds! Les ponts! Chevaux de bois! +Escargots!_ + +_(Twining, receding, with interchanging hands the night hours link each +each with arching arms in a mosaic of movements. Stephen and Florry +turn cumbrously.)_ + +MAGINNI: _Dansez avec vos dames! Changez de dames! Donnez le petit +bouquet à votre dame! Remerciez!_ + +THE PIANOLA: + + Best, best of all, + Baraabum! + +KITTY: _(Jumps up.)_ O, they played that on the hobbyhorses at the +_Mirus_ bazaar! + +_(She runs to Stephen. He leaves Florry brusquely and seizes Kitty. A +screaming bittern’s harsh high whistle shrieks. Groangrousegurgling +Toft’s cumbersome whirligig turns slowly the room right roundabout the +room.)_ + +THE PIANOLA: + + My girl’s a Yorkshire girl. + +ZOE: + +Yorkshire through and through. Come on all! + +_(She seizes Florry and waltzes her.)_ + +STEPHEN: _Pas seul!_ + +_(He wheels Kitty into Lynch’s arms, snatches up his ashplant from the +table and takes the floor. All wheel whirl waltz twirl. Bloombella +Kittylynch Florryzoe jujuby women. Stephen with hat ashplant frogsplits +in middle highkicks with skykicking mouth shut hand clasp part under +thigh. With clang tinkle boomhammer tallyho hornblower blue green +yellow flashes Toft’s cumbersome turns with hobbyhorse riders from +gilded snakes dangled, bowels fandango leaping spurn soil foot and fall +again.)_ + +THE PIANOLA: + + Though she’s a factory lass + And wears no fancy clothes. + +_(Closeclutched swift swifter with glareblareflare scudding they +scootlootshoot lumbering by. Baraabum!)_ + +TUTTI: Encore! Bis! Bravo! Encore! + +SIMON: Think of your mother’s people! + +STEPHEN: Dance of death. + +_(Bang fresh barang bang of lacquey’s bell, horse, nag, steer, +piglings, Conmee on Christass, lame crutch and leg sailor in cockboat +armfolded ropepulling hitching stamp hornpipe through and through. +Baraabum! On nags hogs bellhorses Gadarene swine Corny in coffin steel +shark stone onehandled Nelson two trickies Frauenzimmer plumstained +from pram falling bawling. Gum he’s a champion. Fuseblue peer from +barrel rev. evensong Love on hackney jaunt Blazes blind coddoubled +bicyclers Dilly with snowcake no fancy clothes. Then in last switchback +lumbering up and down bump mashtub sort of viceroy and reine relish for +tublumber bumpshire rose. Baraabum!)_ + +_(The couples fall aside. Stephen whirls giddily. Room whirls back. +Eyes closed he totters. Red rails fly spacewards. Stars all around suns +turn roundabout. Bright midges dance on walls. He stops dead.)_ + +STEPHEN: Ho! + +_(Stephen’s mother, emaciated, rises stark through the floor, in leper +grey with a wreath of faded orangeblossoms and a torn bridal veil, her +face worn and noseless, green with gravemould. Her hair is scant and +lank. She fixes her bluecircled hollow eyesockets on Stephen and opens +her toothless mouth uttering a silent word. A choir of virgins and +confessors sing voicelessly.)_ + +THE CHOIR: + + Liliata rutilantium te confessorum... + Iubilantium te virginum... + +_(From the top of a tower Buck Mulligan, in particoloured jester’s +dress of puce and yellow and clown’s cap with curling bell, stands +gaping at her, a smoking buttered split scone in his hand.)_ + +BUCK MULLIGAN: She’s beastly dead. The pity of it! Mulligan meets the +afflicted mother. _(He upturns his eyes.)_ Mercurial Malachi! + +THE MOTHER: _(With the subtle smile of death’s madness.)_ I was once +the beautiful May Goulding. I am dead. + +STEPHEN: _(Horrorstruck.)_ Lemur, who are you? No. What bogeyman’s +trick is this? + +BUCK MULLIGAN: _(Shakes his curling capbell.)_ The mockery of it! Kinch +dogsbody killed her bitchbody. She kicked the bucket. _(Tears of molten +butter fall from his eyes on to the scone.)_ Our great sweet mother! +_Epi oinopa ponton._ + +THE MOTHER: _(Comes nearer, breathing upon him softly her breath of +wetted ashes.)_ All must go through it, Stephen. More women than men in +the world. You too. Time will come. + +STEPHEN: _(Choking with fright, remorse and horror.)_ They say I killed +you, mother. He offended your memory. Cancer did it, not I. Destiny. + +THE MOTHER: _(A green rill of bile trickling from a side of her +mouth.)_ You sang that song to me. _Love’s bitter mystery._ + +STEPHEN: _(Eagerly.)_ Tell me the word, mother, if you know now. The +word known to all men. + +THE MOTHER: Who saved you the night you jumped into the train at Dalkey +with Paddy Lee? Who had pity for you when you were sad among the +strangers? Prayer is allpowerful. Prayer for the suffering souls in the +Ursuline manual and forty days’ indulgence. Repent, Stephen. + +STEPHEN: The ghoul! Hyena! + +THE MOTHER: I pray for you in my other world. Get Dilly to make you +that boiled rice every night after your brainwork. Years and years I +loved you, O, my son, my firstborn, when you lay in my womb. + +ZOE: _(Fanning herself with the grate fan.)_ I’m melting! + +FLORRY: _(Points to Stephen.)_ Look! He’s white. + +BLOOM: _(Goes to the window to open it more.)_ Giddy. + +THE MOTHER: _(With smouldering eyes.)_ Repent! O, the fire of hell! + +STEPHEN: _(Panting.)_ His noncorrosive sublimate! The corpsechewer! Raw +head and bloody bones. + +THE MOTHER: _(Her face drawing near and nearer, sending out an ashen +breath.)_ Beware! _(She raises her blackened withered right arm slowly +towards Stephen’s breast with outstretched finger.)_ Beware God’s hand! +_(A green crab with malignant red eyes sticks deep its grinning claws +in Stephen’s heart.)_ + +STEPHEN: _(Strangled with rage.)_ Shite! _(His features grow drawn and +grey and old.)_ + +BLOOM: _(At the window.)_ What? + +STEPHEN: _Ah non, par exemple!_ The intellectual imagination! With me +all or not at all. _Non serviam!_ + +FLORRY: Give him some cold water. Wait. _(She rushes out.)_ + +THE MOTHER: _(Wrings her hands slowly, moaning desperately.)_ O Sacred +Heart of Jesus, have mercy on him! Save him from hell, O Divine Sacred +Heart! + +STEPHEN: No! No! No! Break my spirit, all of you, if you can! I’ll +bring you all to heel! + +THE MOTHER: _(In the agony of her deathrattle.)_ Have mercy on Stephen, +Lord, for my sake! Inexpressible was my anguish when expiring with +love, grief and agony on Mount Calvary. + +STEPHEN: _Nothung!_ + +_(He lifts his ashplant high with both hands and smashes the +chandelier. Time’s livid final flame leaps and, in the following +darkness, ruin of all space, shattered glass and toppling masonry.)_ + +THE GASJET: Pwfungg! + +BLOOM: Stop! + +LYNCH: _(Rushes forward and seizes Stephen’s hand.)_ Here! Hold on! +Don’t run amok! + +BELLA: Police! + +_(Stephen, abandoning his ashplant, his head and arms thrown back +stark, beats the ground and flies from the room, past the whores at the +door.)_ + +BELLA: _(Screams.)_ After him! + +_(The two whores rush to the halldoor. Lynch and Kitty and Zoe stampede +from the room. They talk excitedly. Bloom follows, returns.)_ + +THE WHORES: _(Jammed in the doorway, pointing.)_ Down there. + +ZOE: _(Pointing.)_ There. There’s something up. + +BELLA: Who pays for the lamp? _(She seizes Bloom’s coattail.)_ Here, +you were with him. The lamp’s broken. + +BLOOM: _(Rushes to the hall, rushes back.)_ What lamp, woman? + +A WHORE: He tore his coat. + +BELLA: _(Her eyes hard with anger and cupidity, points.)_ Who’s to pay +for that? Ten shillings. You’re a witness. + +BLOOM: _(Snatches up Stephen’s ashplant.)_ Me? Ten shillings? Haven’t +you lifted enough off him? Didn’t he...? + +BELLA: _(Loudly.)_ Here, none of your tall talk. This isn’t a brothel. +A ten shilling house. + +BLOOM: _(His head under the lamp, pulls the chain. Pulling, the gasjet +lights up a crushed mauve purple shade. He raises the ashplant.)_ Only +the chimney’s broken. Here is all he... + +BELLA: _(Shrinks back and screams.)_ Jesus! Don’t! + +BLOOM: _(Warding off a blow.)_ To show you how he hit the paper. +There’s not sixpenceworth of damage done. Ten shillings! + +FLORRY: _(With a glass of water, enters.)_ Where is he? + +BELLA: Do you want me to call the police? + +BLOOM: O, I know. Bulldog on the premises. But he’s a Trinity student. +Patrons of your establishment. Gentlemen that pay the rent. _(He makes +a masonic sign.)_ Know what I mean? Nephew of the vicechancellor. You +don’t want a scandal. + +BELLA: _(Angrily.)_ Trinity. Coming down here ragging after the +boatraces and paying nothing. Are you my commander here or? Where is +he? I’ll charge him! Disgrace him, I will! _(She shouts.)_ Zoe! Zoe! + +BLOOM: _(Urgently.)_ And if it were your own son in Oxford? +_(Warningly.)_ I know. + +BELLA: _(Almost speechless.)_ Who are. Incog! + +ZOE: _(In the doorway.)_ There’s a row on. + +BLOOM: What? Where? _(He throws a shilling on the table and starts.)_ +That’s for the chimney. Where? I need mountain air. + +_(He hurries out through the hall. The whores point. Florry follows, +spilling water from her tilted tumbler. On the doorstep all the whores +clustered talk volubly, pointing to the right where the fog has cleared +off. From the left arrives a jingling hackney car. It slows to in front +of the house. Bloom at the halldoor perceives Corny Kelleher who is +about to dismount from the car with two silent lechers. He averts his +face. Bella from within the hall urges on her whores. They blow +ickylickysticky yumyum kisses. Corny Kelleher replies with a ghastly +lewd smile. The silent lechers turn to pay the jarvey. Zoe and Kitty +still point right. Bloom, parting them swiftly, draws his caliph’s hood +and poncho and hurries down the steps with sideways face. Incog Haroun +al Raschid he flits behind the silent lechers and hastens on by the +railings with fleet step of a pard strewing the drag behind him, torn +envelopes drenched in aniseed. The ashplant marks his stride. A pack of +bloodhounds, led by Hornblower of Trinity brandishing a dogwhip in +tallyho cap and an old pair of grey trousers, follows from far, picking +up the scent, nearer, baying, panting, at fault, breaking away, +throwing their tongues, biting his heels, leaping at his tail. He +walks, runs, zigzags, gallops, lugs laid back. He is pelted with +gravel, cabbagestumps, biscuitboxes, eggs, potatoes, dead codfish, +woman’s slipperslappers. After him freshfound the hue and cry zigzag +gallops in hot pursuit of follow my leader: 65 C, 66 C, night watch, +John Henry Menton, Wisdom Hely, V. B. Dillon, Councillor Nannetti, +Alexander Keyes, Larry O’Rourke, Joe Cuffe, Mrs O’Dowd, Pisser Burke, +The Nameless One, Mrs Riordan, The Citizen, Garryowen, Whodoyoucallhim, +Strangeface, Fellowthatsolike, Sawhimbefore, Chapwithawen, Chris +Callinan, sir Charles Cameron, Benjamin Dollard, Lenehan, Bartell +d’Arcy, Joe Hynes, red Murray, editor Brayden, T. M. Healy, Mr Justice +Fitzgibbon, John Howard Parnell, the reverend Tinned Salmon, Professor +Joly, Mrs Breen, Denis Breen, Theodore Purefoy, Mina Purefoy, the +Westland Row postmistress, C. P. M’Coy, friend of Lyons, Hoppy Holohan, +maninthestreet, othermaninthestreet, Footballboots, pugnosed driver, +rich protestant lady, Davy Byrne, Mrs Ellen M’Guinness, Mrs Joe +Gallaher, George Lidwell, Jimmy Henry on corns, Superintendent Laracy, +Father Cowley, Crofton out of the Collector-general’s, Dan Dawson, +dental surgeon Bloom with tweezers, Mrs Bob Doran, Mrs Kennefick, Mrs +Wyse Nolan, John Wyse Nolan, +handsomemarriedwomanrubbedagainstwidebehindinClonskea tram, the +bookseller of_ Sweets of Sin, _Miss Dubedatandshedidbedad, Mesdames +Gerald and Stanislaus Moran of Roebuck, the managing clerk of +Drimmie’s, Wetherup, colonel Hayes, Mastiansky, Citron, Penrose, Aaron +Figatner, Moses Herzog, Michael E Geraghty, Inspector Troy, Mrs +Galbraith, the constable off Eccles street corner, old doctor Brady +with stethoscope, the mystery man on the beach, a retriever, Mrs Miriam +Dandrade and all her lovers.)_ + +THE HUE AND CRY: _(Helterskelterpelterwelter.)_ He’s Bloom! Stop Bloom! +Stopabloom! Stopperrobber! Hi! Hi! Stophim on the corner! + +_(At the corner of Beaver street beneath the scaffolding Bloom panting +stops on the fringe of the noisy quarrelling knot, a lot not knowing a +jot what hi! hi! row and wrangle round the whowhat brawlaltogether.)_ + +STEPHEN: _(With elaborate gestures, breathing deeply and slowly.)_ You +are my guests. Uninvited. By virtue of the fifth of George and seventh +of Edward. History to blame. Fabled by mothers of memory. + +PRIVATE CARR: _(To Cissy Caffrey.)_ Was he insulting you? + +STEPHEN: Addressed her in vocative feminine. Probably neuter. +Ungenitive. + +VOICES: No, he didn’t. I seen him. The girl there. He was in Mrs +Cohen’s. What’s up? Soldier and civilian. + +CISSY CAFFREY: I was in company with the soldiers and they left me to +do—you know, and the young man run up behind me. But I’m faithful to +the man that’s treating me though I’m only a shilling whore. + +STEPHEN: _(Catches sight of Lynch’s and Kitty’s heads.)_ Hail, +Sisyphus. _(He points to himself and the others.)_ Poetic. Uropoetic. + +VOICES: Shes faithfultheman. + +CISSY CAFFREY: Yes, to go with him. And me with a soldier friend. + +PRIVATE COMPTON: He doesn’t half want a thick ear, the blighter. Biff +him one, Harry. + +PRIVATE CARR: _(To Cissy.)_ Was he insulting you while me and him was +having a piss? + +LORD TENNYSON: _(Gentleman poet in Union Jack blazer and cricket +flannels, bareheaded, flowingbearded.)_ Theirs not to reason why. + +PRIVATE COMPTON: Biff him, Harry. + +STEPHEN: _(To Private Compton.)_ I don’t know your name but you are +quite right. Doctor Swift says one man in armour will beat ten men in +their shirts. Shirt is synechdoche. Part for the whole. + +CISSY CAFFREY: _(To the crowd.)_ No, I was with the privates. + +STEPHEN: _(Amiably.)_ Why not? The bold soldier boy. In my opinion +every lady for example... + +PRIVATE CARR: _(His cap awry, advances to Stephen.)_ Say, how would it +be, governor, if I was to bash in your jaw? + +STEPHEN: _(Looks up to the sky.)_ How? Very unpleasant. Noble art of +selfpretence. Personally, I detest action. _(He waves his hand.)_ Hand +hurts me slightly. _Enfin ce sont vos oignons._ _(To Cissy Caffrey.)_ +Some trouble is on here. What is it precisely? + +DOLLY GRAY: _(From her balcony waves her handkerchief, giving the sign +of the heroine of Jericho.)_ Rahab. Cook’s son, goodbye. Safe home to +Dolly. Dream of the girl you left behind and she will dream of you. + +_(The soldiers turn their swimming eyes.)_ + +BLOOM: _(Elbowing through the crowd, plucks Stephen’s sleeve +vigorously.)_ Come now, professor, that carman is waiting. + +STEPHEN: _(Turns.)_ Eh? _(He disengages himself.)_ Why should I not +speak to him or to any human being who walks upright upon this oblate +orange? _(He points his finger.)_ I’m not afraid of what I can talk to +if I see his eye. Retaining the perpendicular. + +_(He staggers a pace back.)_ + +BLOOM: _(Propping him.)_ Retain your own. + +STEPHEN: _(Laughs emptily.)_ My centre of gravity is displaced. I have +forgotten the trick. Let us sit down somewhere and discuss. Struggle +for life is the law of existence but but human philirenists, notably +the tsar and the king of England, have invented arbitration. _(He taps +his brow.)_ But in here it is I must kill the priest and the king. + +BIDDY THE CLAP: Did you hear what the professor said? He’s a professor +out of the college. + +CUNTY KATE: I did. I heard that. + +BIDDY THE CLAP: He expresses himself with such marked refinement of +phraseology. + +CUNTY KATE: Indeed, yes. And at the same time with such apposite +trenchancy. + +PRIVATE CARR: _(Pulls himself free and comes forward.)_ What’s that +you’re saying about my king? + +_(Edward the Seventh appears in an archway. He wears a white jersey on +which an image of the Sacred Heart is stitched with the insignia of +Garter and Thistle, Golden Fleece, Elephant of Denmark, Skinner’s and +Probyn’s horse, Lincoln’s Inn bencher and ancient and honourable +artillery company of Massachusetts. He sucks a red jujube. He is robed +as a grand elect perfect and sublime mason with trowel and apron, +marked_ made in Germany. _In his left hand he holds a plasterer’s +bucket on which is printed_ Défense d’uriner. _A roar of welcome greets +him.)_ + +EDWARD THE SEVENTH: _(Slowly, solemnly but indistinctly.)_ Peace, +perfect peace. For identification, bucket in my hand. Cheerio, boys. +_(He turns to his subjects.)_ We have come here to witness a clean +straight fight and we heartily wish both men the best of good luck. +Mahak makar a bak. + +_(He shakes hands with Private Carr, Private Compton, Stephen, Bloom +and Lynch. General applause. Edward the Seventh lifts his bucket +graciously in acknowledgment.)_ + +PRIVATE CARR: _(To Stephen.)_ Say it again. + +STEPHEN: _(Nervous, friendly, pulls himself up.)_ I understand your +point of view though I have no king myself for the moment. This is the +age of patent medicines. A discussion is difficult down here. But this +is the point. You die for your country. Suppose. _(He places his arm on +Private Carr’s sleeve.)_ Not that I wish it for you. But I say: Let my +country die for me. Up to the present it has done so. I didn’t want it +to die. Damn death. Long live life! + +EDWARD THE SEVENTH: _(Levitates over heaps of slain, in the garb and +with the halo of Joking Jesus, a white jujube in his phosphorescent +face.)_ + + My methods are new and are causing surprise. + To make the blind see I throw dust in their eyes. + +STEPHEN: Kings and unicorns! _(He falls back a pace.)_ Come somewhere +and we’ll... What was that girl saying?... + +PRIVATE COMPTON: Eh, Harry, give him a kick in the knackers. Stick one +into Jerry. + +BLOOM: _(To the privates, softly.)_ He doesn’t know what he’s saying. +Taken a little more than is good for him. Absinthe. Greeneyed monster. +I know him. He’s a gentleman, a poet. It’s all right. + +STEPHEN: _(Nods, smiling and laughing.)_ Gentleman, patriot, scholar +and judge of impostors. + +PRIVATE CARR: I don’t give a bugger who he is. + +PRIVATE COMPTON: We don’t give a bugger who he is. + +STEPHEN: I seem to annoy them. Green rag to a bull. + +_(Kevin Egan of Paris in black Spanish tasselled shirt and peep-o’-day +boy’s hat signs to Stephen.)_ + +KEVIN EGAN: H’lo! _Bonjour!_ The _vieille ogresse_ with the _dents +jaunes_. + +_(Patrice Egan peeps from behind, his rabbitface nibbling a quince +leaf.)_ + +PATRICE: _Socialiste!_ + +DON EMILE PATRIZIO FRANZ RUPERT POPE HENNESSY: _(In medieval hauberk, +two wild geese volant on his helm, with noble indignation points a +mailed hand against the privates.)_ Werf those eykes to footboden, big +grand porcos of johnyellows todos covered of gravy! + +BLOOM: _(To Stephen.)_ Come home. You’ll get into trouble. + +STEPHEN: _(Swaying.)_ I don’t avoid it. He provokes my intelligence. + +BIDDY THE CLAP: One immediately observes that he is of patrician +lineage. + +THE VIRAGO: Green above the red, says he. Wolfe Tone. + +THE BAWD: The red’s as good as the green. And better. Up the soldiers! +Up King Edward! + +A ROUGH: _(Laughs.)_ Ay! Hands up to De Wet. + +THE CITIZEN: _(With a huge emerald muffler and shillelagh, calls.)_ + + May the God above + Send down a dove + With teeth as sharp as razors + To slit the throats + Of the English dogs + That hanged our Irish leaders. + +THE CROPPY BOY: _(The ropenoose round his neck, gripes in his issuing +bowels with both hands.)_ + + I bear no hate to a living thing, + But I love my country beyond the king. + +RUMBOLD, DEMON BARBER: _(Accompanied by two blackmasked assistants, +advances with gladstone bag which he opens.)_ Ladies and gents, cleaver +purchased by Mrs Pearcy to slay Mogg. Knife with which Voisin +dismembered the wife of a compatriot and hid remains in a sheet in the +cellar, the unfortunate female’s throat being cut from ear to ear. +Phial containing arsenic retrieved from body of Miss Barron which sent +Seddon to the gallows. + +_(He jerks the rope. The assistants leap at the victim’s legs and drag +him downward, grunting: the croppy boy’s tongue protrudes violently.)_ + +THE CROPPY BOY: + + Horhot ho hray hor hother’s hest. + +_(He gives up the ghost. A violent erection of the hanged sends gouts +of sperm spouting through his deathclothes on to the cobblestones. Mrs +Bellingham, Mrs Yelverton Barry and the Honourable Mrs Mervyn Talboys +rush forward with their handkerchiefs to sop it up.)_ + +RUMBOLD: I’m near it myself. _(He undoes the noose.)_ Rope which hanged +the awful rebel. Ten shillings a time. As applied to Her Royal +Highness. _(He plunges his head into the gaping belly of the hanged and +draws out his head again clotted with coiled and smoking entrails.)_ My +painful duty has now been done. God save the king! + +EDWARD THE SEVENTH: _(Dances slowly, solemnly, rattling his bucket, and +sings with soft contentment.)_ + + On coronation day, on coronation day, + O, won’t we have a merry time, + Drinking whisky, beer and wine! + +PRIVATE CARR: Here. What are you saying about my king? + +STEPHEN: _(Throws up his hands.)_ O, this is too monotonous! Nothing. +He wants my money and my life, though want must be his master, for some +brutish empire of his. Money I haven’t. _(He searches his pockets +vaguely.)_ Gave it to someone. + +PRIVATE CARR: Who wants your bleeding money? + +STEPHEN: _(Tries to move off.)_ Will someone tell me where I am least +likely to meet these necessary evils? _Ça se voit aussi à Paris._ Not +that I... But, by Saint Patrick...! + +_(The women’s heads coalesce. Old Gummy Granny in sugarloaf hat appears +seated on a toadstool, the deathflower of the potato blight on her +breast.)_ + +STEPHEN: Aha! I know you, gammer! Hamlet, revenge! The old sow that +eats her farrow! + +OLD GUMMY GRANNY: _(Rocking to and fro.)_ Ireland’s sweetheart, the +king of Spain’s daughter, alanna. Strangers in my house, bad manners to +them! _(She keens with banshee woe.)_ Ochone! Ochone! Silk of the kine! +_(She wails.)_ You met with poor old Ireland and how does she stand? + +STEPHEN: How do I stand you? The hat trick! Where’s the third person of +the Blessed Trinity? Soggarth Aroon? The reverend Carrion Crow. + +CISSY CAFFREY: _(Shrill.)_ Stop them from fighting! + +A ROUGH: Our men retreated. + +PRIVATE CARR: _(Tugging at his belt.)_ I’ll wring the neck of any +fucker says a word against my fucking king. + +BLOOM: _(Terrified.)_ He said nothing. Not a word. A pure +misunderstanding. + +THE CITIZEN: _Erin go bragh!_ + +_(Major Tweedy and the Citizen exhibit to each other medals, +decorations, trophies of war, wounds. Both salute with fierce +hostility.)_ + +PRIVATE COMPTON: Go it, Harry. Do him one in the eye. He’s a proboer. + +STEPHEN: Did I? When? + +BLOOM: _(To the redcoats.)_ We fought for you in South Africa, Irish +missile troops. Isn’t that history? Royal Dublin Fusiliers. Honoured by +our monarch. + +THE NAVVY: _(Staggering past.)_ O, yes! O God, yes! O, make the kwawr a +krowawr! O! Bo! + +_(Casqued halberdiers in armour thrust forward a pentice of gutted +spearpoints. Major Tweedy, moustached like Turko the terrible, in +bearskin cap with hackleplume and accoutrements, with epaulettes, gilt +chevrons and sabretaches, his breast bright with medals, toes the line. +He gives the pilgrim warrior’s sign of the knights templars.)_ + +MAJOR TWEEDY: _(Growls gruffly.)_ Rorke’s Drift! Up, guards, and at +them! Mahar shalal hashbaz. + +PRIVATE CARR: I’ll do him in. + +PRIVATE COMPTON: _(Waves the crowd back.)_ Fair play, here. Make a +bleeding butcher’s shop of the bugger. + +_(Massed bands blare_ Garryowen _and_ God save the King.) + +CISSY CAFFREY: They’re going to fight. For me! + +CUNTY KATE: The brave and the fair. + +BIDDY THE CLAP: Methinks yon sable knight will joust it with the best. + +CUNTY KATE: _(Blushing deeply.)_ Nay, madam. The gules doublet and +merry saint George for me! + +STEPHEN: + + The harlot’s cry from street to street + Shall weave Old Ireland’s windingsheet. + +PRIVATE CARR: _(Loosening his belt, shouts.)_ I’ll wring the neck of +any fucking bastard says a word against my bleeding fucking king. + +BLOOM: _(Shakes Cissy Caffrey’s shoulders.)_ Speak, you! Are you struck +dumb? You are the link between nations and generations. Speak, woman, +sacred lifegiver! + +CISSY CAFFREY: _(Alarmed, seizes Private Carr’s sleeve.)_ Amn’t I with +you? Amn’t I your girl? Cissy’s your girl. _(She cries.)_ Police! + +STEPHEN: _(Ecstatically, to Cissy Caffrey.)_ + + White thy fambles, red thy gan + And thy quarrons dainty is. + +VOICES: Police! + +DISTANT VOICES: Dublin’s burning! Dublin’s burning! On fire, on fire! + +_(Brimstone fires spring up. Dense clouds roll past. Heavy Gatling guns +boom. Pandemonium. Troops deploy. Gallop of hoofs. Artillery. Hoarse +commands. Bells clang. Backers shout. Drunkards bawl. Whores screech. +Foghorns hoot. Cries of valour. Shrieks of dying. Pikes clash on +cuirasses. Thieves rob the slain. Birds of prey, winging from the sea, +rising from marshlands, swooping from eyries, hover screaming, gannets, +cormorants, vultures, goshawks, climbing woodcocks, peregrines, +merlins, blackgrouse, sea eagles, gulls, albatrosses, barnacle geese. +The midnight sun is darkened. The earth trembles. The dead of Dublin +from Prospect and Mount Jerome in white sheepskin overcoats and black +goatfell cloaks arise and appear to many. A chasm opens with a +noiseless yawn. Tom Rochford, winner, in athlete’s singlet and +breeches, arrives at the head of the national hurdle handicap and leaps +into the void. He is followed by a race of runners and leapers. In wild +attitudes they spring from the brink. Their bodies plunge. Factory +lasses with fancy clothes toss redhot Yorkshire baraabombs. Society +ladies lift their skirts above their heads to protect themselves. +Laughing witches in red cutty sarks ride through the air on +broomsticks. Quakerlyster plasters blisters. It rains dragons’ teeth. +Armed heroes spring up from furrows. They exchange in amity the pass of +knights of the red cross and fight duels with cavalry sabres: Wolfe +Tone against Henry Grattan, Smith O’Brien against Daniel O’Connell, +Michael Davitt against Isaac Butt, Justin M’Carthy against Parnell, +Arthur Griffith against John Redmond, John O’Leary against Lear +O’Johnny, Lord Edward Fitzgerald against Lord Gerald Fitzedward, The +O’Donoghue of the Glens against The Glens of The O’Donoghue. On an +eminence, the centre of the earth, rises the fieldaltar of Saint +Barbara. Black candles rise from its gospel and epistle horns. From the +high barbacans of the tower two shafts of light fall on the smokepalled +altarstone. On the altarstone Mrs Mina Purefoy, goddess of unreason, +lies, naked, fettered, a chalice resting on her swollen belly. Father +Malachi O’Flynn in a lace petticoat and reversed chasuble, his two left +feet back to the front, celebrates camp mass. The Reverend Mr Hugh C +Haines Love M. A. in a plain cassock and mortarboard, his head and +collar back to the front, holds over the celebrant’s head an open +umbrella.)_ + +FATHER MALACHI O’FLYNN: _Introibo ad altare diaboli._ + +THE REVEREND MR HAINES LOVE: To the devil which hath made glad my young +days. + +FATHER MALACHI O’FLYNN: _(Takes from the chalice and elevates a +blooddripping host.) Corpus meum._ + +THE REVEREND MR HAINES LOVE: _(Raises high behind the celebrant’s +petticoat, revealing his grey bare hairy buttocks between which a +carrot is stuck.)_ My body. + +THE VOICE OF ALL THE DAMNED: Htengier Tnetopinmo Dog Drol eht rof, +Aiulella! + +_(From on high the voice of Adonai calls.)_ + +ADONAI: Dooooooooooog! + +THE VOICE OF ALL THE BLESSED: Alleluia, for the Lord God Omnipotent +reigneth! + +_(From on high the voice of Adonai calls.)_ + +ADONAI: Goooooooooood! + +_(In strident discord peasants and townsmen of Orange and Green +factions sing_ Kick the Pope _and_ Daily, daily sing to Mary.) + +PRIVATE CARR: _(With ferocious articulation.)_ I’ll do him in, so help +me fucking Christ! I’ll wring the bastard fucker’s bleeding blasted +fucking windpipe! + +_(The retriever, nosing on the fringe of the crowd, barks noisily.)_ + +OLD GUMMY GRANNY: _(Thrusts a dagger towards Stephen’s hand.)_ Remove +him, acushla. At 8.35 a.m. you will be in heaven and Ireland will be +free. _(She prays.)_ O good God, take him! + +BLOOM: _(Runs to Lynch.)_ Can’t you get him away? + +LYNCH: He likes dialectic, the universal language. Kitty! _(To Bloom.)_ +Get him away, you. He won’t listen to me. + +_(He drags Kitty away.)_ + +STEPHEN: _(Points.) Exit Judas. Et laqueo se suspendit._ + +BLOOM: _(Runs to Stephen.)_ Come along with me now before worse +happens. Here’s your stick. + +STEPHEN: Stick, no. Reason. This feast of pure reason. + +CISSY CAFFREY: _(Pulling Private Carr.)_ Come on, you’re boosed. He +insulted me but I forgive him. _(Shouting in his ear.)_ I forgive him +for insulting me. + +BLOOM: _(Over Stephen’s shoulder.)_ Yes, go. You see he’s incapable. + +PRIVATE CARR: _(Breaks loose.)_ I’ll insult him. + +_(He rushes towards Stephen, fist outstretched, and strikes him in the +face. Stephen totters, collapses, falls, stunned. He lies prone, his +face to the sky, his hat rolling to the wall. Bloom follows and picks +it up.)_ + +MAJOR TWEEDY: _(Loudly.)_ Carbine in bucket! Cease fire! Salute! + +THE RETRIEVER: _(Barking furiously.)_ Ute ute ute ute ute ute ute ute. + +THE CROWD: Let him up! Don’t strike him when he’s down! Air! Who? The +soldier hit him. He’s a professor. Is he hurted? Don’t manhandle him! +He’s fainted! + +A HAG: What call had the redcoat to strike the gentleman and he under +the influence. Let them go and fight the Boers! + +THE BAWD: Listen to who’s talking! Hasn’t the soldier a right to go +with his girl? He gave him the coward’s blow. + +_(They grab at each other’s hair, claw at each other and spit.)_ + +THE RETRIEVER: _(Barking.)_ Wow wow wow. + +BLOOM: _(Shoves them back, loudly.)_ Get back, stand back! + +PRIVATE COMPTON: _(Tugging his comrade.)_ Here. Bugger off, Harry. +Here’s the cops! _(Two raincaped watch, tall, stand in the group.)_ + +FIRST WATCH: What’s wrong here? + +PRIVATE COMPTON: We were with this lady. And he insulted us. And +assaulted my chum. _(The retriever barks.)_ Who owns the bleeding tyke? + +CISSY CAFFREY: _(With expectation.)_ Is he bleeding! + +A MAN: _(Rising from his knees.)_ No. Gone off. He’ll come to all +right. + +BLOOM: _(Glances sharply at the man.)_ Leave him to me. I can easily... + +SECOND WATCH: Who are you? Do you know him? + +PRIVATE CARR: _(Lurches towards the watch.)_ He insulted my lady +friend. + +BLOOM: _(Angrily.)_ You hit him without provocation. I’m a witness. +Constable, take his regimental number. + +SECOND WATCH: I don’t want your instructions in the discharge of my +duty. + +PRIVATE COMPTON: _(Pulling his comrade.)_ Here, bugger off Harry. Or +Bennett’ll shove you in the lockup. + +PRIVATE CARR: _(Staggering as he is pulled away.)_ God fuck old +Bennett. He’s a whitearsed bugger. I don’t give a shit for him. + +FIRST WATCH: _(Takes out his notebook.)_ What’s his name? + +BLOOM: _(Peering over the crowd.)_ I just see a car there. If you give +me a hand a second, sergeant... + +FIRST WATCH: Name and address. + +_(Corny Kelleher, weepers round his hat, a death wreath in his hand, +appears among the bystanders.)_ + +BLOOM: _(Quickly.)_ O, the very man! _(He whispers.)_ Simon Dedalus’ +son. A bit sprung. Get those policemen to move those loafers back. + +SECOND WATCH: Night, Mr Kelleher. + +CORNY KELLEHER: _(To the watch, with drawling eye.)_ That’s all right. +I know him. Won a bit on the races. Gold cup. Throwaway. _(He laughs.)_ +Twenty to one. Do you follow me? + +FIRST WATCH: _(Turns to the crowd.)_ Here, what are you all gaping at? +Move on out of that. + +_(The crowd disperses slowly, muttering, down the lane.)_ + +CORNY KELLEHER: Leave it to me, sergeant. That’ll be all right. _(He +laughs, shaking his head.)_ We were often as bad ourselves, ay or +worse. What? Eh, what? + +FIRST WATCH: _(Laughs.)_ I suppose so. + +CORNY KELLEHER: _(Nudges the second watch.)_ Come and wipe your name +off the slate. _(He lilts, wagging his head.)_ With my tooraloom +tooraloom tooraloom tooraloom. What, eh, do you follow me? + +SECOND WATCH: _(Genially.)_ Ah, sure we were too. + +CORNY KELLEHER: _(Winking.)_ Boys will be boys. I’ve a car round there. + +SECOND WATCH: All right, Mr Kelleher. Good night. + +CORNY KELLEHER: I’ll see to that. + +BLOOM: _(Shakes hands with both of the watch in turn.)_ Thank you very +much, gentlemen. Thank you. _(He mumbles confidentially.)_ We don’t +want any scandal, you understand. Father is a wellknown highly +respected citizen. Just a little wild oats, you understand. + +FIRST WATCH: O. I understand, sir. + +SECOND WATCH: That’s all right, sir. + +FIRST WATCH: It was only in case of corporal injuries I’d have to +report it at the station. + +BLOOM: _(Nods rapidly.)_ Naturally. Quite right. Only your bounden +duty. + +SECOND WATCH: It’s our duty. + +CORNY KELLEHER: Good night, men. + +THE WATCH: _(Saluting together.)_ Night, gentlemen. _(They move off +with slow heavy tread.)_ + +BLOOM: _(Blows.)_ Providential you came on the scene. You have a +car?... + +CORNY KELLEHER: _(Laughs, pointing his thumb over his right shoulder to +the car brought up against the scaffolding.)_ Two commercials that were +standing fizz in Jammet’s. Like princes, faith. One of them lost two +quid on the race. Drowning his grief. And were on for a go with the +jolly girls. So I landed them up on Behan’s car and down to nighttown. + +BLOOM: I was just going home by Gardiner street when I happened to... + +CORNY KELLEHER: _(Laughs.)_ Sure they wanted me to join in with the +mots. No, by God, says I. Not for old stagers like myself and yourself. +_(He laughs again and leers with lacklustre eye.)_ Thanks be to God we +have it in the house, what, eh, do you follow me? Hah, hah, hah! + +BLOOM: _(Tries to laugh.)_ He, he, he! Yes. Matter of fact I was just +visiting an old friend of mine there, Virag, you don’t know him (poor +fellow, he’s laid up for the past week) and we had a liquor together +and I was just making my way home... + +_(The horse neighs.)_ + +THE HORSE: Hohohohohohoh! Hohohohome! + +CORNY KELLEHER: Sure it was Behan our jarvey there that told me after +we left the two commercials in Mrs Cohen’s and I told him to pull up +and got off to see. _(He laughs.)_ Sober hearsedrivers a speciality. +Will I give him a lift home? Where does he hang out? Somewhere in +Cabra, what? + +BLOOM: No, in Sandycove, I believe, from what he let drop. + +_(Stephen, prone, breathes to the stars. Corny Kelleher, asquint, +drawls at the horse. Bloom, in gloom, looms down.)_ + +CORNY KELLEHER: _(Scratches his nape.)_ Sandycove! _(He bends down and +calls to Stephen.)_ Eh! _(He calls again.)_ Eh! He’s covered with +shavings anyhow. Take care they didn’t lift anything off him. + +BLOOM: No, no, no. I have his money and his hat here and stick. + +CORNY KELLEHER: Ah, well, he’ll get over it. No bones broken. Well, +I’ll shove along. _(He laughs.)_ I’ve a rendezvous in the morning. +Burying the dead. Safe home! + +THE HORSE: _(Neighs.)_ Hohohohohome. + +BLOOM: Good night. I’ll just wait and take him along in a few... + +_(Corny Kelleher returns to the outside car and mounts it. The horse +harness jingles.)_ + +CORNY KELLEHER: _(From the car, standing.)_ Night. + +BLOOM: Night. + +_(The jarvey chucks the reins and raises his whip encouragingly. The +car and horse back slowly, awkwardly, and turn. Corny Kelleher on the +sideseat sways his head to and fro in sign of mirth at Bloom’s plight. +The jarvey joins in the mute pantomimic merriment nodding from the +farther seat. Bloom shakes his head in mute mirthful reply. With thumb +and palm Corny Kelleher reassures that the two bobbies will allow the +sleep to continue for what else is to be done. With a slow nod Bloom +conveys his gratitude as that is exactly what Stephen needs. The car +jingles tooraloom round the corner of the tooraloom lane. Corny +Kelleher again reassuralooms with his hand. Bloom with his hand +assuralooms Corny Kelleher that he is reassuraloomtay. The tinkling +hoofs and jingling harness grow fainter with their tooralooloo looloo +lay. Bloom, holding in his hand Stephen’s hat, festooned with shavings, +and ashplant, stands irresolute. Then he bends to him and shakes him by +the shoulder.)_ + +BLOOM: Eh! Ho! _(There is no answer; he bends again.)_ Mr Dedalus! +_(There is no answer.)_ The name if you call. Somnambulist. _(He bends +again and, hesitating, brings his mouth near the face of the prostrate +form.)_ Stephen! _(There is no answer. He calls again.)_ Stephen! + +STEPHEN: _(Groans.)_ Who? Black panther. Vampire. _(He sighs and +stretches himself, then murmurs thickly with prolonged vowels.)_ + + Who... drive... Fergus now + And pierce... wood’s woven shade?... + +_(He turns on his left side, sighing, doubling himself together.)_ + +BLOOM: Poetry. Well educated. Pity. _(He bends again and undoes the +buttons of Stephen’s waistcoat.)_ To breathe. _(He brushes the +woodshavings from Stephen’s clothes with light hand and fingers.)_ One +pound seven. Not hurt anyhow. _(He listens.)_ What? + +STEPHEN: _(Murmurs.)_ + + ... shadows... the woods + ... white breast... dim sea. + +_(He stretches out his arms, sighs again and curls his body. Bloom, +holding the hat and ashplant, stands erect. A dog barks in the +distance. Bloom tightens and loosens his grip on the ashplant. He looks +down on Stephen’s face and form.)_ + +BLOOM: _(Communes with the night.)_ Face reminds me of his poor mother. +In the shady wood. The deep white breast. Ferguson, I think I caught. A +girl. Some girl. Best thing could happen him. _(He murmurs.)_... swear +that I will always hail, ever conceal, never reveal, any part or parts, +art or arts... _(He murmurs.)_... in the rough sands of the sea... a +cabletow’s length from the shore... where the tide ebbs... and flows +... + +_(Silent, thoughtful, alert he stands on guard, his fingers at his lips +in the attitude of secret master. Against the dark wall a figure +appears slowly, a fairy boy of eleven, a changeling, kidnapped, dressed +in an Eton suit with glass shoes and a little bronze helmet, holding a +book in his hand. He reads from right to left inaudibly, smiling, +kissing the page.)_ + +BLOOM: _(Wonderstruck, calls inaudibly.)_ Rudy! + +RUDY: _(Gazes, unseeing, into Bloom’s eyes and goes on reading, +kissing, smiling. He has a delicate mauve face. On his suit he has +diamond and ruby buttons. In his free left hand he holds a slim ivory +cane with a violet bowknot. A white lambkin peeps out of his waistcoat +pocket.)_ + + + + +— III — + + +[ 16 ] + +Preparatory to anything else Mr Bloom brushed off the greater bulk of +the shavings and handed Stephen the hat and ashplant and bucked him up +generally in orthodox Samaritan fashion which he very badly needed. His +(Stephen’s) mind was not exactly what you would call wandering but a +bit unsteady and on his expressed desire for some beverage to drink Mr +Bloom in view of the hour it was and there being no pump of Vartry +water available for their ablutions let alone drinking purposes hit +upon an expedient by suggesting, off the reel, the propriety of the +cabman’s shelter, as it was called, hardly a stonesthrow away near Butt +bridge where they might hit upon some drinkables in the shape of a milk +and soda or a mineral. But how to get there was the rub. For the nonce +he was rather nonplussed but inasmuch as the duty plainly devolved upon +him to take some measures on the subject he pondered suitable ways and +means during which Stephen repeatedly yawned. So far as he could see he +was rather pale in the face so that it occurred to him as highly +advisable to get a conveyance of some description which would answer in +their then condition, both of them being e.d.ed, particularly Stephen, +always assuming that there was such a thing to be found. Accordingly +after a few such preliminaries as brushing, in spite of his having +forgotten to take up his rather soapsuddy handkerchief after it had +done yeoman service in the shaving line, they both walked together +along Beaver street or, more properly, lane as far as the farrier’s and +the distinctly fetid atmosphere of the livery stables at the corner of +Montgomery street where they made tracks to the left from thence +debouching into Amiens street round by the corner of Dan Bergin’s. But +as he confidently anticipated there was not a sign of a Jehu plying for +hire anywhere to be seen except a fourwheeler, probably engaged by some +fellows inside on the spree, outside the North Star hotel and there was +no symptom of its budging a quarter of an inch when Mr Bloom, who was +anything but a professional whistler, endeavoured to hail it by +emitting a kind of a whistle, holding his arms arched over his head, +twice. + +This was a quandary but, bringing common sense to bear on it, evidently +there was nothing for it but put a good face on the matter and foot it +which they accordingly did. So, bevelling around by Mullett’s and the +Signal House which they shortly reached, they proceeded perforce in the +direction of Amiens street railway terminus, Mr Bloom being handicapped +by the circumstance that one of the back buttons of his trousers had, +to vary the timehonoured adage, gone the way of all buttons though, +entering thoroughly into the spirit of the thing, he heroically made +light of the mischance. So as neither of them were particularly pressed +for time, as it happened, and the temperature refreshing since it +cleared up after the recent visitation of Jupiter Pluvius, they +dandered along past by where the empty vehicle was waiting without a +fare or a jarvey. As it so happened a Dublin United Tramways Company’s +sandstrewer happened to be returning and the elder man recounted to his +companion _à propos_ of the incident his own truly miraculous escape of +some little while back. They passed the main entrance of the Great +Northern railway station, the starting point for Belfast, where of +course all traffic was suspended at that late hour and passing the +backdoor of the morgue (a not very enticing locality, not to say +gruesome to a degree, more especially at night) ultimately gained the +Dock Tavern and in due course turned into Store street, famous for its +C division police station. Between this point and the high at present +unlit warehouses of Beresford place Stephen thought to think of Ibsen, +associated with Baird’s the stonecutter’s in his mind somehow in Talbot +place, first turning on the right, while the other who was acting as +his _fidus Achates_ inhaled with internal satisfaction the smell of +James Rourke’s city bakery, situated quite close to where they were, +the very palatable odour indeed of our daily bread, of all commodities +of the public the primary and most indispensable. Bread, the staff of +life, earn your bread, O tell me where is fancy bread, at Rourke’s the +baker’s it is said. + +_En route_ to his taciturn and, not to put too fine a point on it, not +yet perfectly sober companion Mr Bloom who at all events was in +complete possession of his faculties, never more so, in fact +disgustingly sober, spoke a word of caution _re_ the dangers of +nighttown, women of ill fame and swell mobsmen, which, barely +permissible once in a while though not as a habitual practice, was of +the nature of a regular deathtrap for young fellows of his age +particularly if they had acquired drinking habits under the influence +of liquor unless you knew a little jiujitsu for every contingency as +even a fellow on the broad of his back could administer a nasty kick if +you didn’t look out. Highly providential was the appearance on the +scene of Corny Kelleher when Stephen was blissfully unconscious but for +that man in the gap turning up at the eleventh hour the finis might +have been that he might have been a candidate for the accident ward or, +failing that, the bridewell and an appearance in the court next day +before Mr Tobias or, he being the solicitor rather, old Wall, he meant +to say, or Mahony which simply spelt ruin for a chap when it got +bruited about. The reason he mentioned the fact was that a lot of those +policemen, whom he cordially disliked, were admittedly unscrupulous in +the service of the Crown and, as Mr Bloom put it, recalling a case or +two in the A division in Clanbrassil street, prepared to swear a hole +through a ten gallon pot. Never on the spot when wanted but in quiet +parts of the city, Pembroke road for example, the guardians of the law +were well in evidence, the obvious reason being they were paid to +protect the upper classes. Another thing he commented on was equipping +soldiers with firearms or sidearms of any description liable to go off +at any time which was tantamount to inciting them against civilians +should by any chance they fall out over anything. You frittered away +your time, he very sensibly maintained, and health and also character +besides which, the squandermania of the thing, fast women of the +_demimonde_ ran away with a lot of £. s. d. into the bargain and the +greatest danger of all was who you got drunk with though, touching the +much vexed question of stimulants, he relished a glass of choice old +wine in season as both nourishing and bloodmaking and possessing +aperient virtues (notably a good burgundy which he was a staunch +believer in) still never beyond a certain point where he invariably +drew the line as it simply led to trouble all round to say nothing of +your being at the tender mercy of others practically. Most of all he +commented adversely on the desertion of Stephen by all his pubhunting +_confrères_ but one, a most glaring piece of ratting on the part of his +brother medicos under all the circs. + +—And that one was Judas, Stephen said, who up to then had said nothing +whatsoever of any kind. + +Discussing these and kindred topics they made a beeline across the back +of the Customhouse and passed under the Loop Line bridge where a +brazier of coke burning in front of a sentrybox or something like one +attracted their rather lagging footsteps. Stephen of his own accord +stopped for no special reason to look at the heap of barren +cobblestones and by the light emanating from the brazier he could just +make out the darker figure of the corporation watchman inside the gloom +of the sentrybox. He began to remember that this had happened or had +been mentioned as having happened before but it cost him no small +effort before he remembered that he recognised in the sentry a +_quondam_ friend of his father’s, Gumley. To avoid a meeting he drew +nearer to the pillars of the railway bridge. + +—Someone saluted you, Mr Bloom said. + +A figure of middle height on the prowl evidently under the arches +saluted again, calling: + +—Night! + +Stephen of course started rather dizzily and stopped to return the +compliment. Mr Bloom actuated by motives of inherent delicacy inasmuch +as he always believed in minding his own business moved off but +nevertheless remained on the _qui vive_ with just a shade of anxiety +though not funkyish in the least. Though unusual in the Dublin area he +knew that it was not by any means unknown for desperadoes who had next +to nothing to live on to be abroad waylaying and generally terrorising +peaceable pedestrians by placing a pistol at their head in some +secluded spot outside the city proper, famished loiterers of the Thames +embankment category they might be hanging about there or simply +marauders ready to decamp with whatever boodle they could in one fell +swoop at a moment’s notice, your money or your life, leaving you there +to point a moral, gagged and garrotted. + +Stephen, that is when the accosting figure came to close quarters, +though he was not in an over sober state himself recognised Corley’s +breath redolent of rotten cornjuice. Lord John Corley some called him +and his genealogy came about in this wise. He was the eldest son of +inspector Corley of the G division, lately deceased, who had married a +certain Katherine Brophy, the daughter of a Louth farmer. His +grandfather Patrick Michael Corley of New Ross had married the widow of +a publican there whose maiden name had been Katherine (also) Talbot. +Rumour had it (though not proved) that she descended from the house of +the lords Talbot de Malahide in whose mansion, really an unquestionably +fine residence of its kind and well worth seeing, her mother or aunt or +some relative, a woman, as the tale went, of extreme beauty, had +enjoyed the distinction of being in service in the washkitchen. This +therefore was the reason why the still comparatively young though +dissolute man who now addressed Stephen was spoken of by some with +facetious proclivities as Lord John Corley. + +Taking Stephen on one side he had the customary doleful ditty to tell. +Not as much as a farthing to purchase a night’s lodgings. His friends +had all deserted him. Furthermore he had a row with Lenehan and called +him to Stephen a mean bloody swab with a sprinkling of a number of +other uncalledfor expressions. He was out of a job and implored of +Stephen to tell him where on God’s earth he could get something, +anything at all, to do. No, it was the daughter of the mother in the +washkitchen that was fostersister to the heir of the house or else they +were connected through the mother in some way, both occurrences +happening at the same time if the whole thing wasn’t a complete +fabrication from start to finish. Anyhow he was all in. + +—I wouldn’t ask you only, pursued he, on my solemn oath and God knows +I’m on the rocks. + +—There’ll be a job tomorrow or next day, Stephen told him, in a boys’ +school at Dalkey for a gentleman usher. Mr Garrett Deasy. Try it. You +may mention my name. + +—Ah, God, Corley replied, sure I couldn’t teach in a school, man. I was +never one of your bright ones, he added with a half laugh. I got stuck +twice in the junior at the christian brothers. + +—I have no place to sleep myself, Stephen informed him. + +Corley at the first go-off was inclined to suspect it was something to +do with Stephen being fired out of his digs for bringing in a bloody +tart off the street. There was a dosshouse in Marlborough street, Mrs +Maloney’s, but it was only a tanner touch and full of undesirables but +M’Conachie told him you got a decent enough do in the Brazen Head over +in Winetavern street (which was distantly suggestive to the person +addressed of friar Bacon) for a bob. He was starving too though he +hadn’t said a word about it. + +Though this sort of thing went on every other night or very near it +still Stephen’s feelings got the better of him in a sense though he +knew that Corley’s brandnew rigmarole on a par with the others was +hardly deserving of much credence. However _haud ignarus malorum +miseris succurrere disco etcetera_ as the Latin poet remarks especially +as luck would have it he got paid his screw after every middle of the +month on the sixteenth which was the date of the month as a matter of +fact though a good bit of the wherewithal was demolished. But the cream +of the joke was nothing would get it out of Corley’s head that he was +living in affluence and hadn’t a thing to do but hand out the needful. +Whereas. He put his hand in a pocket anyhow not with the idea of +finding any food there but thinking he might lend him anything up to a +bob or so in lieu so that he might endeavour at all events and get +sufficient to eat but the result was in the negative for, to his +chagrin, he found his cash missing. A few broken biscuits were all the +result of his investigation. He tried his hardest to recollect for the +moment whether he had lost as well he might have or left because in +that contingency it was not a pleasant lookout, very much the reverse +in fact. He was altogether too fagged out to institute a thorough +search though he tried to recollect. About biscuits he dimly +remembered. Who now exactly gave them he wondered or where was or did +he buy. However in another pocket he came across what he surmised in +the dark were pennies, erroneously however, as it turned out. + +—Those are halfcrowns, man, Corley corrected him. + +And so in point of fact they turned out to be. Stephen anyhow lent him +one of them. + +—Thanks, Corley answered, you’re a gentleman. I’ll pay you back one +time. Who’s that with you? I saw him a few times in the Bleeding Horse +in Camden street with Boylan, the billsticker. You might put in a good +word for us to get me taken on there. I’d carry a sandwichboard only +the girl in the office told me they’re full up for the next three +weeks, man. God, you’ve to book ahead, man, you’d think it was for the +Carl Rosa. I don’t give a shite anyway so long as I get a job, even as +a crossing sweeper. + +Subsequently being not quite so down in the mouth after the two and six +he got he informed Stephen about a fellow by the name of Bags Comisky +that he said Stephen knew well out of Fullam’s, the shipchandler’s, +bookkeeper there that used to be often round in Nagle’s back with +O’Mara and a little chap with a stutter the name of Tighe. Anyhow he +was lagged the night before last and fined ten bob for a drunk and +disorderly and refusing to go with the constable. + +Mr Bloom in the meanwhile kept dodging about in the vicinity of the +cobblestones near the brazier of coke in front of the corporation +watchman’s sentrybox who evidently a glutton for work, it struck him, +was having a quiet forty winks for all intents and purposes on his own +private account while Dublin slept. He threw an odd eye at the same +time now and then at Stephen’s anything but immaculately attired +interlocutor as if he had seen that nobleman somewhere or other though +where he was not in a position to truthfully state nor had he the +remotest idea when. Being a levelheaded individual who could give +points to not a few in point of shrewd observation he also remarked on +his very dilapidated hat and slouchy wearing apparel generally +testifying to a chronic impecuniosity. Palpably he was one of his +hangerson but for the matter of that it was merely a question of one +preying on his nextdoor neighbour all round, in every deep, so to put +it, a deeper depth and for the matter of that if the man in the street +chanced to be in the dock himself penal servitude with or without the +option of a fine would be a very _rara avis_ altogether. In any case he +had a consummate amount of cool assurance intercepting people at that +hour of the night or morning. Pretty thick that was certainly. + +The pair parted company and Stephen rejoined Mr Bloom who, with his +practised eye, was not without perceiving that he had succumbed to the +blandiloquence of the other parasite. Alluding to the encounter he +said, laughingly, Stephen, that is: + +—He is down on his luck. He asked me to ask you to ask somebody named +Boylan, a billsticker, to give him a job as a sandwichman. + +At this intelligence, in which he seemingly evinced little interest, Mr +Bloom gazed abstractedly for the space of a half a second or so in the +direction of a bucketdredger, rejoicing in the farfamed name of Eblana, +moored alongside Customhouse quay and quite possibly out of repair, +whereupon he observed evasively: + +—Everybody gets their own ration of luck, they say. Now you mention it +his face was familiar to me. But, leaving that for the moment, how much +did you part with, he queried, if I am not too inquisitive? + +—Half a crown, Stephen responded. I daresay he needs it to sleep +somewhere. + +—Needs! Mr Bloom ejaculated, professing not the least surprise at the +intelligence, I can quite credit the assertion and I guarantee he +invariably does. Everyone according to his needs or everyone according +to his deeds. But, talking about things in general, where, added he +with a smile, will you sleep yourself? Walking to Sandycove is out of +the question. And even supposing you did you won’t get in after what +occurred at Westland Row station. Simply fag out there for nothing. I +don’t mean to presume to dictate to you in the slightest degree but why +did you leave your father’s house? + +—To seek misfortune, was Stephen’s answer. + +—I met your respected father on a recent occasion, Mr Bloom +diplomatically returned, today in fact, or to be strictly accurate, on +yesterday. Where does he live at present? I gathered in the course of +conversation that he had moved. + +—I believe he is in Dublin somewhere, Stephen answered unconcernedly. +Why? + +—A gifted man, Mr Bloom said of Mr Dedalus senior, in more respects +than one and a born _raconteur_ if ever there was one. He takes great +pride, quite legitimate, out of you. You could go back perhaps, he +hasarded, still thinking of the very unpleasant scene at Westland Row +terminus when it was perfectly evident that the other two, Mulligan, +that is, and that English tourist friend of his, who eventually euchred +their third companion, were patently trying as if the whole bally +station belonged to them to give Stephen the slip in the confusion, +which they did. + +There was no response forthcoming to the suggestion however, such as it +was, Stephen’s mind’s eye being too busily engaged in repicturing his +family hearth the last time he saw it with his sister Dilly sitting by +the ingle, her hair hanging down, waiting for some weak Trinidad shell +cocoa that was in the sootcoated kettle to be done so that she and he +could drink it with the oatmealwater for milk after the Friday herrings +they had eaten at two a penny with an egg apiece for Maggy, Boody and +Katey, the cat meanwhile under the mangle devouring a mess of eggshells +and charred fish heads and bones on a square of brown paper, in +accordance with the third precept of the church to fast and abstain on +the days commanded, it being quarter tense or if not, ember days or +something like that. + +—No, Mr Bloom repeated again, I wouldn’t personally repose much trust +in that boon companion of yours who contributes the humorous element, +Dr Mulligan, as a guide, philosopher and friend if I were in your +shoes. He knows which side his bread is buttered on though in all +probability he never realised what it is to be without regular meals. +Of course you didn’t notice as much as I did. But it wouldn’t occasion +me the least surprise to learn that a pinch of tobacco or some narcotic +was put in your drink for some ulterior object. + +He understood however from all he heard that Dr Mulligan was a +versatile allround man, by no means confined to medicine only, who was +rapidly coming to the fore in his line and, if the report was verified, +bade fair to enjoy a flourishing practice in the not too distant future +as a tony medical practitioner drawing a handsome fee for his services +in addition to which professional status his rescue of that man from +certain drowning by artificial respiration and what they call first aid +at Skerries, or Malahide was it?, was, he was bound to admit, an +exceedingly plucky deed which he could not too highly praise, so that +frankly he was utterly at a loss to fathom what earthly reason could be +at the back of it except he put it down to sheer cussedness or +jealousy, pure and simple. + +—Except it simply amounts to one thing and he is what they call picking +your brains, he ventured to throw out. + +The guarded glance of half solicitude half curiosity augmented by +friendliness which he gave at Stephen’s at present morose expression of +features did not throw a flood of light, none at all in fact on the +problem as to whether he had let himself be badly bamboozled to judge +by two or three lowspirited remarks he let drop or the other way about +saw through the affair and for some reason or other best known to +himself allowed matters to more or less. Grinding poverty did have that +effect and he more than conjectured that, high educational abilities +though he possessed, he experienced no little difficulty in making both +ends meet. + +Adjacent to the men’s public urinal they perceived an icecream car +round which a group of presumably Italians in heated altercation were +getting rid of voluble expressions in their vivacious language in a +particularly animated way, there being some little differences between +the parties. + +—_Puttana madonna, che ci dia i quattrini! Ho ragione? Culo rotto!_ + +_—Intendiamoci. Mezzo sovrano più..._ + +_—Dice lui, però!_ + +_—Mezzo._ + +_—Farabutto! Mortacci sui!_ + +_—Ma ascolta! Cinque la testa più..._ + +Mr Bloom and Stephen entered the cabman’s shelter, an unpretentious +wooden structure, where, prior to then, he had rarely if ever been +before, the former having previously whispered to the latter a few +hints anent the keeper of it said to be the once famous Skin-the-Goat +Fitzharris, the invincible, though he could not vouch for the actual +facts which quite possibly there was not one vestige of truth in. A few +moments later saw our two noctambules safely seated in a discreet +corner only to be greeted by stares from the decidedly miscellaneous +collection of waifs and strays and other nondescript specimens of the +genus _homo_ already there engaged in eating and drinking diversified +by conversation for whom they seemingly formed an object of marked +curiosity. + +—Now touching a cup of coffee, Mr Bloom ventured to plausibly suggest +to break the ice, it occurs to me you ought to sample something in the +shape of solid food, say, a roll of some description. + +Accordingly his first act was with characteristic _sangfroid_ to order +these commodities quietly. The _hoi polloi_ of jarvies or stevedores or +whatever they were after a cursory examination turned their eyes +apparently dissatisfied, away though one redbearded bibulous +individual, portion of whose hair was greyish, a sailor probably, still +stared for some appreciable time before transferring his rapt attention +to the floor. Mr Bloom, availing himself of the right of free speech, +he having just a bowing acquaintance with the language in dispute, +though, to be sure, rather in a quandary over _voglio_, remarked to his +_protégé_ in an audible tone of voice _à propos_ of the battle royal in +the street which was still raging fast and furious: + +—A beautiful language. I mean for singing purposes. Why do you not +write your poetry in that language? _Bella Poetria_! It is so melodious +and full. _Belladonna. Voglio._ + +Stephen, who was trying his dead best to yawn if he could, suffering +from lassitude generally, replied: + +—To fill the ear of a cow elephant. They were haggling over money. + +—Is that so? Mr Bloom asked. Of course, he subjoined pensively, at the +inward reflection of there being more languages to start with than were +absolutely necessary, it may be only the southern glamour that +surrounds it. + +The keeper of the shelter in the middle of this _tête-à-tête_ put a +boiling swimming cup of a choice concoction labelled coffee on the +table and a rather antediluvian specimen of a bun, or so it seemed. +After which he beat a retreat to his counter, Mr Bloom determining to +have a good square look at him later on so as not to appear to. For +which reason he encouraged Stephen to proceed with his eyes while he +did the honours by surreptitiously pushing the cup of what was +temporarily supposed to be called coffee gradually nearer him. + +—Sounds are impostures, Stephen said after a pause of some little time, +like names. Cicero, Podmore, Napoleon, Mr Goodbody. Jesus, Mr Doyle. +Shakespeares were as common as Murphies. What’s in a name? + +—Yes, to be sure, Mr Bloom unaffectedly concurred. Of course. Our name +was changed too, he added, pushing the socalled roll across. + +The redbearded sailor who had his weather eye on the newcomers boarded +Stephen, whom he had singled out for attention in particular, squarely +by asking: + +—And what might your name be? + +Just in the nick of time Mr Bloom touched his companion’s boot but +Stephen, apparently disregarding the warm pressure from an unexpected +quarter, answered: + +—Dedalus. + +The sailor stared at him heavily from a pair of drowsy baggy eyes, +rather bunged up from excessive use of boose, preferably good old +Hollands and water. + +—You know Simon Dedalus? he asked at length. + +—I’ve heard of him, Stephen said. + +Mr Bloom was all at sea for a moment, seeing the others evidently +eavesdropping too. + +—He’s Irish, the seaman bold affirmed, staring still in much the same +way and nodding. All Irish. + +—All too Irish, Stephen rejoined. + +As for Mr Bloom he could neither make head or tail of the whole +business and he was just asking himself what possible connection when +the sailor of his own accord turned to the other occupants of the +shelter with the remark: + +—I seen him shoot two eggs off two bottles at fifty yards over his +shoulder. The lefthand dead shot. + +Though he was slightly hampered by an occasional stammer and his +gestures being also clumsy as it was still he did his best to explain. + +—Bottles out there, say. Fifty yards measured. Eggs on the bottles. +Cocks his gun over his shoulder. Aims. + +He turned his body half round, shut up his right eye completely. Then +he screwed his features up someway sideways and glared out into the +night with an unprepossessing cast of countenance. + +—Pom! he then shouted once. + +The entire audience waited, anticipating an additional detonation, +there being still a further egg. + +—Pom! he shouted twice. + +Egg two evidently demolished, he nodded and winked, adding +bloodthirstily: + +_—Buffalo Bill shoots to kill, + +Never missed nor he never will._ + +A silence ensued till Mr Bloom for agreeableness’ sake just felt like +asking him whether it was for a marksmanship competition like the +Bisley. + +—Beg pardon, the sailor said. + +—Long ago? Mr Bloom pursued without flinching a hairsbreadth. + +—Why, the sailor replied, relaxing to a certain extent under the magic +influence of diamond cut diamond, it might be a matter of ten years. He +toured the wide world with Hengler’s Royal Circus. I seen him do that +in Stockholm. + +—Curious coincidence, Mr Bloom confided to Stephen unobtrusively. + +—Murphy’s my name, the sailor continued. D. B. Murphy of Carrigaloe. +Know where that is? + +—Queenstown harbour, Stephen replied. + +—That’s right, the sailor said. Fort Camden and Fort Carlisle. That’s +where I hails from. I belongs there. That’s where I hails from. My +little woman’s down there. She’s waiting for me, I know. _For England, +home and beauty_. She’s my own true wife I haven’t seen for seven years +now, sailing about. + +Mr Bloom could easily picture his advent on this scene, the homecoming +to the mariner’s roadside shieling after having diddled Davy Jones, a +rainy night with a blind moon. Across the world for a wife. Quite a +number of stories there were on that particular Alice Ben Bolt topic, +Enoch Arden and Rip van Winkle and does anybody hereabouts remember +Caoc O’Leary, a favourite and most trying declamation piece by the way +of poor John Casey and a bit of perfect poetry in its own small way. +Never about the runaway wife coming back, however much devoted to the +absentee. The face at the window! Judge of his astonishment when he +finally did breast the tape and the awful truth dawned upon him anent +his better half, wrecked in his affections. You little expected me but +I’ve come to stay and make a fresh start. There she sits, a grasswidow, +at the selfsame fireside. Believes me dead, rocked in the cradle of the +deep. And there sits uncle Chubb or Tomkin, as the case might be, the +publican of the Crown and Anchor, in shirtsleeves, eating rumpsteak and +onions. No chair for father. Broo! The wind! Her brandnew arrival is on +her knee, _post mortem_ child. With a high ro! and a randy ro! and my +galloping tearing tandy, O! Bow to the inevitable. Grin and bear it. I +remain with much love your brokenhearted husband W. B. Murphy. + +The sailor, who scarcely seemed to be a Dublin resident, turned to one +of the jarvies with the request: + +—You don’t happen to have such a thing as a spare chaw about you? + +The jarvey addressed as it happened had not but the keeper took a die +of plug from his good jacket hanging on a nail and the desired object +was passed from hand to hand. + +—Thank you, the sailor said. + +He deposited the quid in his gob and, chewing and with some slow +stammers, proceeded: + +—We come up this morning eleven o’clock. The threemaster _Rosevean_ +from Bridgwater with bricks. I shipped to get over. Paid off this +afternoon. There’s my discharge. See? D. B. Murphy. A. B. S. + +In confirmation of which statement he extricated from an inside pocket +and handed to his neighbour a not very cleanlooking folded document. + +—You must have seen a fair share of the world, the keeper remarked, +leaning on the counter. + +—Why, the sailor answered upon reflection upon it, I’ve circumnavigated +a bit since I first joined on. I was in the Red Sea. I was in China and +North America and South America. We was chased by pirates one voyage. I +seen icebergs plenty, growlers. I was in Stockholm and the Black Sea, +the Dardanelles under Captain Dalton, the best bloody man that ever +scuttled a ship. I seen Russia. _Gospodi pomilyou_. That’s how the +Russians prays. + +—You seen queer sights, don’t be talking, put in a jarvey. + +—Why, the sailor said, shifting his partially chewed plug. I seen queer +things too, ups and downs. I seen a crocodile bite the fluke of an +anchor same as I chew that quid. + +He took out of his mouth the pulpy quid and, lodging it between his +teeth, bit ferociously: + +—Khaan! Like that. And I seen maneaters in Peru that eats corpses and +the livers of horses. Look here. Here they are. A friend of mine sent +me. + +He fumbled out a picture postcard from his inside pocket which seemed +to be in its way a species of repository and pushed it along the table. +The printed matter on it stated: _Choza de Indios. Beni, Bolivia._ + +All focussed their attention at the scene exhibited, a group of savage +women in striped loincloths, squatted, blinking, suckling, frowning, +sleeping amid a swarm of infants (there must have been quite a score of +them) outside some primitive shanties of osier. + +—Chews coca all day, the communicative tarpaulin added. Stomachs like +breadgraters. Cuts off their diddies when they can’t bear no more +children. + +See them sitting there stark ballocknaked eating a dead horse’s liver +raw. + +His postcard proved a centre of attraction for Messrs the greenhorns +for several minutes if not more. + +—Know how to keep them off? he inquired generally. + +Nobody volunteering a statement he winked, saying: + +—Glass. That boggles ’em. Glass. + +Mr Bloom, without evincing surprise, unostentatiously turned over the +card to peruse the partially obliterated address and postmark. It ran +as follows: _Tarjeta Postal, Señor A Boudin, Galeria Becche, Santiago, +Chile._ There was no message evidently, as he took particular notice. +Though not an implicit believer in the lurid story narrated (or the +eggsniping transaction for that matter despite William Tell and the +Lazarillo-Don Cesar de Bazan incident depicted in _Maritana_ on which +occasion the former’s ball passed through the latter’s hat) having +detected a discrepancy between his name (assuming he was the person he +represented himself to be and not sailing under false colours after +having boxed the compass on the strict q.t. somewhere) and the +fictitious addressee of the missive which made him nourish some +suspicions of our friend’s _bona fides_ nevertheless it reminded him in +a way of a longcherished plan he meant to one day realise some +Wednesday or Saturday of travelling to London _via_ long sea not to say +that he had ever travelled extensively to any great extent but he was +at heart a born adventurer though by a trick of fate he had +consistently remained a landlubber except you call going to Holyhead +which was his longest. Martin Cunningham frequently said he would work +a pass through Egan but some deuced hitch or other eternally cropped up +with the net result that the scheme fell through. But even suppose it +did come to planking down the needful and breaking Boyd’s heart it was +not so dear, purse permitting, a few guineas at the outside considering +the fare to Mullingar where he figured on going was five and six, there +and back. The trip would benefit health on account of the bracing ozone +and be in every way thoroughly pleasurable, especially for a chap whose +liver was out of order, seeing the different places along the route, +Plymouth, Falmouth, Southampton and so on culminating in an instructive +tour of the sights of the great metropolis, the spectacle of our modern +Babylon where doubtless he would see the greatest improvement, tower, +abbey, wealth of Park lane to renew acquaintance with. Another thing +just struck him as a by no means bad notion was he might have a gaze +around on the spot to see about trying to make arrangements about a +concert tour of summer music embracing the most prominent pleasure +resorts, Margate with mixed bathing and firstrate hydros and spas, +Eastbourne, Scarborough, Margate and so on, beautiful Bournemouth, the +Channel islands and similar bijou spots, which might prove highly +remunerative. Not, of course, with a hole and corner scratch company or +local ladies on the job, witness Mrs C P M’Coy type lend me your valise +and I’ll post you the ticket. No, something top notch, an all star +Irish caste, the Tweedy-Flower grand opera company with his own legal +consort as leading lady as a sort of counterblast to the Elster Grimes +and Moody-Manners, perfectly simple matter and he was quite sanguine of +success, providing puffs in the local papers could be managed by some +fellow with a bit of bounce who could pull the indispensable wires and +thus combine business with pleasure. But who? That was the rub. + +Also, without being actually positive, it struck him a great field was +to be opened up in the line of opening up new routes to keep pace with +the times _apropos_ of the Fishguard-Rosslare route which, it was +mooted, was once more on the _tapis_ in the circumlocution departments +with the usual quantity of red tape and dillydallying of effete +fogeydom and dunderheads generally. A great opportunity there certainly +was for push and enterprise to meet the travelling needs of the public +at large, the average man, i.e. Brown, Robinson and Co. + +It was a subject of regret and absurd as well on the face of it and no +small blame to our vaunted society that the man in the street, when the +system really needed toning up, for the matter of a couple of paltry +pounds was debarred from seeing more of the world they lived in instead +of being always and ever cooped up since my old stick-in-the-mud took +me for a wife. After all, hang it, they had their eleven and more +humdrum months of it and merited a radical change of _venue_ after the +grind of city life in the summertime for choice when dame Nature is at +her spectacular best constituting nothing short of a new lease of life. +There were equally excellent opportunities for vacationists in the home +island, delightful sylvan spots for rejuvenation, offering a plethora +of attractions as well as a bracing tonic for the system in and around +Dublin and its picturesque environs even, Poulaphouca to which there +was a steamtram, but also farther away from the madding crowd in +Wicklow, rightly termed the garden of Ireland, an ideal neighbourhood +for elderly wheelmen so long as it didn’t come down, and in the wilds +of Donegal where if report spoke true the _coup d’œil_ was exceedingly +grand though the lastnamed locality was not easily getatable so that +the influx of visitors was not as yet all that it might be considering +the signal benefits to be derived from it while Howth with its historic +associations and otherwise, Silken Thomas, Grace O’Malley, George IV, +rhododendrons several hundred feet above sealevel was a favourite haunt +with all sorts and conditions of men especially in the spring when +young men’s fancy, though it had its own toll of deaths by falling off +the cliffs by design or accidentally, usually, by the way, on their +left leg, it being only about three quarters of an hour’s run from the +pillar. Because of course uptodate tourist travelling was as yet merely +in its infancy, so to speak, and the accommodation left much to be +desired. Interesting to fathom it seemed to him from a motive of +curiosity, pure and simple, was whether it was the traffic that created +the route or viceversa or the two sides in fact. He turned back the +other side of the card, picture, and passed it along to Stephen. + +—I seen a Chinese one time, related the doughty narrator, that had +little pills like putty and he put them in the water and they opened +and every pill was something different. One was a ship, another was a +house, another was a flower. Cooks rats in your soup, he appetisingly +added, the chinks does. + +Possibly perceiving an expression of dubiosity on their faces the +globetrotter went on, adhering to his adventures. + +—And I seen a man killed in Trieste by an Italian chap. Knife in his +back. Knife like that. + +Whilst speaking he produced a dangerouslooking claspknife quite in +keeping with his character and held it in the striking position. + +—In a knockingshop it was count of a tryon between two smugglers. +Fellow hid behind a door, come up behind him. Like that. _Prepare to +meet your God_, says he. Chuk! It went into his back up to the butt. + +His heavy glance drowsily roaming about kind of defied their further +questions even should they by any chance want to. + +—That’s a good bit of steel, repeated he, examining his formidable +_stiletto_. + +After which harrowing _dénouement_ sufficient to appal the stoutest he +snapped the blade to and stowed the weapon in question away as before +in his chamber of horrors, otherwise pocket. + +—They’re great for the cold steel, somebody who was evidently quite in +the dark said for the benefit of them all. That was why they thought +the park murders of the invincibles was done by foreigners on account +of them using knives. + +At this remark passed obviously in the spirit of _where ignorance is +bliss_ Mr B. and Stephen, each in his own particular way, both +instinctively exchanged meaning glances, in a religious silence of the +strictly _entre nous_ variety however, towards where Skin-the-Goat, +_alias_ the keeper, not turning a hair, was drawing spurts of liquid +from his boiler affair. His inscrutable face which was really a work of +art, a perfect study in itself, beggaring description, conveyed the +impression that he didn’t understand one jot of what was going on. +Funny, very! + +There ensued a somewhat lengthy pause. One man was reading in fits and +starts a stained by coffee evening journal, another the card with the +natives _choza de_, another the seaman’s discharge. Mr Bloom, so far as +he was personally concerned, was just pondering in pensive mood. He +vividly recollected when the occurrence alluded to took place as well +as yesterday, roughly some score of years previously in the days of the +land troubles, when it took the civilised world by storm, figuratively +speaking, early in the eighties, eightyone to be correct, when he was +just turned fifteen. + +—Ay, boss, the sailor broke in. Give us back them papers. + +The request being complied with he clawed them up with a scrape. + +—Have you seen the rock of Gibraltar? Mr Bloom inquired. + +The sailor grimaced, chewing, in a way that might be read as yes, ay or +no. + +—Ah, you’ve touched there too, Mr Bloom said, Europa point, thinking he +had, in the hope that the rover might possibly by some reminiscences +but he failed to do so, simply letting spirt a jet of spew into the +sawdust, and shook his head with a sort of lazy scorn. + +—What year would that be about? Mr B interrogated. Can you recall the +boats? + +Our _soi-disant_ sailor munched heavily awhile hungrily before +answering: + +—I’m tired of all them rocks in the sea, he said, and boats and ships. +Salt junk all the time. + +Tired seemingly, he ceased. His questioner perceiving that he was not +likely to get a great deal of change out of such a wily old customer, +fell to woolgathering on the enormous dimensions of the water about the +globe, suffice it to say that, as a casual glance at the map revealed, +it covered fully three fourths of it and he fully realised accordingly +what it meant to rule the waves. On more than one occasion, a dozen at +the lowest, near the North Bull at Dollymount he had remarked a +superannuated old salt, evidently derelict, seated habitually near the +not particularly redolent sea on the wall, staring quite obliviously at +it and it at him, dreaming of fresh woods and pastures new as someone +somewhere sings. And it left him wondering why. Possibly he had tried +to find out the secret for himself, floundering up and down the +antipodes and all that sort of thing and over and under, well, not +exactly under, tempting the fates. And the odds were twenty to nil +there was really no secret about it at all. Nevertheless, without going +into the _minutiae_ of the business, the eloquent fact remained that +the sea was there in all its glory and in the natural course of things +somebody or other had to sail on it and fly in the face of providence +though it merely went to show how people usually contrived to load that +sort of onus on to the other fellow like the hell idea and the lottery +and insurance which were run on identically the same lines so that for +that very reason if no other lifeboat Sunday was a highly laudable +institution to which the public at large, no matter where living inland +or seaside, as the case might be, having it brought home to them like +that should extend its gratitude also to the harbourmasters and +coastguard service who had to man the rigging and push off and out amid +the elements whatever the season when duty called _Ireland expects that +every man_ and so on and sometimes had a terrible time of it in the +wintertime not forgetting the Irish lights, Kish and others, liable to +capsize at any moment, rounding which he once with his daughter had +experienced some remarkably choppy, not to say stormy, weather. + +—There was a fellow sailed with me in the _Rover_, the old seadog, +himself a rover, proceeded, went ashore and took up a soft job as +gentleman’s valet at six quid a month. Them are his trousers I’ve on me +and he gave me an oilskin and that jackknife. I’m game for that job, +shaving and brushup. I hate roaming about. There’s my son now, Danny, +run off to sea and his mother got him took in a draper’s in Cork where +he could be drawing easy money. + +—What age is he? queried one hearer who, by the way, seen from the +side, bore a distant resemblance to Henry Campbell, the townclerk, away +from the carking cares of office, unwashed of course and in a seedy +getup and a strong suspicion of nosepaint about the nasal appendage. + +—Why, the sailor answered with a slow puzzled utterance, my son, Danny? +He’d be about eighteen now, way I figure it. + +The Skibbereen father hereupon tore open his grey or unclean anyhow +shirt with his two hands and scratched away at his chest on which was +to be seen an image tattooed in blue Chinese ink intended to represent +an anchor. + +—There was lice in that bunk in Bridgwater, he remarked, sure as nuts. +I must get a wash tomorrow or next day. It’s them black lads I objects +to. I hate those buggers. Suck your blood dry, they does. + +Seeing they were all looking at his chest he accommodatingly dragged +his shirt more open so that on top of the timehonoured symbol of the +mariner’s hope and rest they had a full view of the figure 16 and a +young man’s sideface looking frowningly rather. + +—Tattoo, the exhibitor explained. That was done when we were lying +becalmed off Odessa in the Black Sea under Captain Dalton. Fellow, the +name of Antonio, done that. There he is himself, a Greek. + +—Did it hurt much doing it? one asked the sailor. + +That worthy, however, was busily engaged in collecting round the. +Someway in his. Squeezing or. + +—See here, he said, showing Antonio. There he is cursing the mate. And +there he is now, he added, the same fellow, pulling the skin with his +fingers, some special knack evidently, and he laughing at a yarn. + +And in point of fact the young man named Antonio’s livid face did +actually look like forced smiling and the curious effect excited the +unreserved admiration of everybody including Skin-the-Goat, who this +time stretched over. + +—Ay, ay, sighed the sailor, looking down on his manly chest. He’s gone +too. Ate by sharks after. Ay, ay. + +He let go of the skin so that the profile resumed the normal expression +of before. + +—Neat bit of work, one longshoreman said. + +—And what’s the number for? loafer number two queried. + +—Eaten alive? a third asked the sailor. + +—Ay, ay, sighed again the latter personage, more cheerily this time +with some sort of a half smile for a brief duration only in the +direction of the questioner about the number. Ate. A Greek he was. + +And then he added with rather gallowsbird humour considering his +alleged end: + + —As bad as old Antonio, + For he left me on my ownio. + +The face of a streetwalker glazed and haggard under a black straw hat +peered askew round the door of the shelter palpably reconnoitring on +her own with the object of bringing more grist to her mill. Mr Bloom, +scarcely knowing which way to look, turned away on the moment +flusterfied but outwardly calm, and, picking up from the table the pink +sheet of the Abbey street organ which the jarvey, if such he was, had +laid aside, he picked it up and looked at the pink of the paper though +why pink. His reason for so doing was he recognised on the moment round +the door the same face he had caught a fleeting glimpse of that +afternoon on Ormond quay, the partially idiotic female, namely, of the +lane who knew the lady in the brown costume does be with you (Mrs B.) +and begged the chance of his washing. Also why washing which seemed +rather vague than not, your washing. Still candour compelled him to +admit he had washed his wife’s undergarments when soiled in Holles +street and women would and did too a man’s similar garments initialled +with Bewley and Draper’s marking ink (hers were, that is) if they +really loved him, that is to say, love me, love my dirty shirt. Still +just then, being on tenterhooks, he desired the female’s room more than +her company so it came as a genuine relief when the keeper made her a +rude sign to take herself off. Round the side of the _Evening +Telegraph_ he just caught a fleeting glimpse of her face round the side +of the door with a kind of demented glassy grin showing that she was +not exactly all there, viewing with evident amusement the group of +gazers round skipper Murphy’s nautical chest and then there was no more +of her. + +—The gunboat, the keeper said. + +—It beats me, Mr Bloom confided to Stephen, medically I am speaking, +how a wretched creature like that from the Lock hospital reeking with +disease can be barefaced enough to solicit or how any man in his sober +senses, if he values his health in the least. Unfortunate creature! Of +course I suppose some man is ultimately responsible for her condition. +Still no matter what the cause is from... + +Stephen had not noticed her and shrugged his shoulders, merely +remarking: + +—In this country people sell much more than she ever had and do a +roaring trade. Fear not them that sell the body but have not power to +buy the soul. She is a bad merchant. She buys dear and sells cheap. + +The elder man, though not by any manner of means an old maid or a +prude, said it was nothing short of a crying scandal that ought to be +put a stop to _instanter_ to say that women of that stamp (quite apart +from any oldmaidish squeamishness on the subject), a necessary evil, +were not licensed and medically inspected by the proper authorities, a +thing, he could truthfully state, he, as a _paterfamilias_, was a +stalwart advocate of from the very first start. Whoever embarked on a +policy of the sort, he said, and ventilated the matter thoroughly would +confer a lasting boon on everybody concerned. + +—You as a good catholic, he observed, talking of body and soul, believe +in the soul. Or do you mean the intelligence, the brainpower as such, +as distinct from any outside object, the table, let us say, that cup. I +believe in that myself because it has been explained by competent men +as the convolutions of the grey matter. Otherwise we would never have +such inventions as X rays, for instance. Do you? + +Thus cornered, Stephen had to make a superhuman effort of memory to try +and concentrate and remember before he could say: + +—They tell me on the best authority it is a simple substance and +therefore incorruptible. It would be immortal, I understand, but for +the possibility of its annihilation by its First Cause Who, from all I +can hear, is quite capable of adding that to the number of His other +practical jokes, _corruptio per se_ and _corruptio per accidens_ both +being excluded by court etiquette. + +Mr Bloom thoroughly acquiesced in the general gist of this though the +mystical finesse involved was a bit out of his sublunary depth still he +felt bound to enter a demurrer on the head of simple, promptly +rejoining: + +—Simple? I shouldn’t think that is the proper word. Of course, I grant +you, to concede a point, you do knock across a simple soul once in a +blue moon. But what I am anxious to arrive at is it is one thing for +instance to invent those rays Röntgen did or the telescope like Edison, +though I believe it was before his time Galileo was the man, I mean, +and the same applies to the laws, for example, of a farreaching natural +phenomenon such as electricity but it’s a horse of quite another colour +to say you believe in the existence of a supernatural God. + +—O that, Stephen expostulated, has been proved conclusively by several +of the bestknown passages in Holy Writ, apart from circumstantial +evidence. + +On this knotty point however the views of the pair, poles apart as they +were both in schooling and everything else with the marked difference +in their respective ages, clashed. + +—Has been? the more experienced of the two objected, sticking to his +original point with a smile of unbelief. I’m not so sure about that. +That’s a matter for everyman’s opinion and, without dragging in the +sectarian side of the business, I beg to differ with you _in toto_ +there. My belief is, to tell you the candid truth, that those bits were +genuine forgeries all of them put in by monks most probably or it’s the +big question of our national poet over again, who precisely wrote them +like _Hamlet_ and Bacon, as, you who know your Shakespeare infinitely +better than I, of course I needn’t tell you. Can’t you drink that +coffee, by the way? Let me stir it. And take a piece of that bun. It’s +like one of our skipper’s bricks disguised. Still no-one can give what +he hasn’t got. Try a bit. + +—Couldn’t, Stephen contrived to get out, his mental organs for the +moment refusing to dictate further. + +Faultfinding being a proverbially bad hat Mr Bloom thought well to stir +or try to the clotted sugar from the bottom and reflected with +something approaching acrimony on the Coffee Palace and its temperance +(and lucrative) work. To be sure it was a legitimate object and beyond +yea or nay did a world of good, shelters such as the present one they +were in run on teetotal lines for vagrants at night, concerts, dramatic +evenings and useful lectures (admittance free) by qualified men for the +lower orders. On the other hand he had a distinct and painful +recollection they paid his wife, Madam Marion Tweedy who had been +prominently associated with it at one time, a very modest remuneration +indeed for her pianoplaying. The idea, he was strongly inclined to +believe, was to do good and net a profit, there being no competition to +speak of. Sulphate of copper poison SO4 or something in some dried peas +he remembered reading of in a cheap eatinghouse somewhere but he +couldn’t remember when it was or where. Anyhow inspection, medical +inspection, of all eatables seemed to him more than ever necessary +which possibly accounted for the vogue of Dr Tibble’s Vi-Cocoa on +account of the medical analysis involved. + +—Have a shot at it now, he ventured to say of the coffee after being +stirred. + +Thus prevailed on to at any rate taste it Stephen lifted the heavy mug +from the brown puddle it clopped out of when taken up by the handle and +took a sip of the offending beverage. + +—Still it’s solid food, his good genius urged, I’m a stickler for solid +food, his one and only reason being not gormandising in the least but +regular meals as the _sine qua non_ for any kind of proper work, mental +or manual. You ought to eat more solid food. You would feel a different +man. + +—Liquids I can eat, Stephen said. But O, oblige me by taking away that +knife. I can’t look at the point of it. It reminds me of Roman history. + +Mr Bloom promptly did as suggested and removed the incriminated +article, a blunt hornhandled ordinary knife with nothing particularly +Roman or antique about it to the lay eye, observing that the point was +the least conspicuous point about it. + +—Our mutual friend’s stories are like himself, Mr Bloom _apropos_ of +knives remarked to his _confidante sotto voce_. Do you think they are +genuine? He could spin those yarns for hours on end all night long and +lie like old boots. Look at him. + +Yet still though his eyes were thick with sleep and sea air life was +full of a host of things and coincidences of a terrible nature and it +was quite within the bounds of possibility that it was not an entire +fabrication though at first blush there was not much inherent +probability in all the spoof he got off his chest being strictly +accurate gospel. + +He had been meantime taking stock of the individual in front of him and +Sherlockholmesing him up ever since he clapped eyes on him. Though a +wellpreserved man of no little stamina, if a trifle prone to baldness, +there was something spurious in the cut of his jib that suggested a +jail delivery and it required no violent stretch of imagination to +associate such a weirdlooking specimen with the oakum and treadmill +fraternity. He might even have done for his man supposing it was his +own case he told, as people often did about others, namely, that he +killed him himself and had served his four or five goodlooking years in +durance vile to say nothing of the Antonio personage (no relation to +the dramatic personage of identical name who sprang from the pen of our +national poet) who expiated his crimes in the melodramatic manner above +described. On the other hand he might be only bluffing, a pardonable +weakness because meeting unmistakable mugs, Dublin residents, like +those jarvies waiting news from abroad would tempt any ancient mariner +who sailed the ocean seas to draw the long bow about the schooner +_Hesperus_ and etcetera. And when all was said and done the lies a +fellow told about himself couldn’t probably hold a proverbial candle to +the wholesale whoppers other fellows coined about him. + +—Mind you, I’m not saying that it’s all a pure invention, he resumed. +Analogous scenes are occasionally, if not often, met with. Giants, +though that is rather a far cry, you see once in a way, Marcella the +midget queen. In those waxworks in Henry street I myself saw some +Aztecs, as they are called, sitting bowlegged, they couldn’t straighten +their legs if you paid them because the muscles here, you see, he +proceeded, indicating on his companion the brief outline of the sinews +or whatever you like to call them behind the right knee, were utterly +powerless from sitting that way so long cramped up, being adored as +gods. There’s an example again of simple souls. + +However reverting to friend Sinbad and his horrifying adventures (who +reminded him a bit of Ludwig, _alias_ Ledwidge, when he occupied the +boards of the Gaiety when Michael Gunn was identified with the +management in the _Flying Dutchman_, a stupendous success, and his host +of admirers came in large numbers, everyone simply flocking to hear him +though ships of any sort, phantom or the reverse, on the stage usually +fell a bit flat as also did trains) there was nothing intrinsically +incompatible about it, he conceded. On the contrary that stab in the +back touch was quite in keeping with those italianos though candidly he +was none the less free to admit those icecreamers and friers in the +fish way not to mention the chip potato variety and so forth over in +little Italy there near the Coombe were sober thrifty hardworking +fellows except perhaps a bit too given to pothunting the harmless +necessary animal of the feline persuasion of others at night so as to +have a good old succulent tuckin with garlic _de rigueur_ off him or +her next day on the quiet and, he added, on the cheap. + +—Spaniards, for instance, he continued, passionate temperaments like +that, impetuous as Old Nick, are given to taking the law into their own +hands and give you your quietus doublequick with those poignards they +carry in the abdomen. It comes from the great heat, climate generally. +My wife is, so to speak, Spanish, half that is. Point of fact she could +actually claim Spanish nationality if she wanted, having been born in +(technically) Spain, i.e. Gibraltar. She has the Spanish type. Quite +dark, regular brunette, black. I for one certainly believe climate +accounts for character. That’s why I asked you if you wrote your poetry +in Italian. + +—The temperaments at the door, Stephen interposed with, were very +passionate about ten shillings. _Roberto ruba roba sua_. + +—Quite so, Mr Bloom dittoed. + +—Then, Stephen said staring and rambling on to himself or some unknown +listener somewhere, we have the impetuosity of Dante and the isosceles +triangle miss Portinari he fell in love with and Leonardo and san +Tommaso Mastino. + +—It’s in the blood, Mr Bloom acceded at once. All are washed in the +blood of the sun. Coincidence I just happened to be in the Kildare +street museum today, shortly prior to our meeting if I can so call it, +and I was just looking at those antique statues there. The splendid +proportions of hips, bosom. You simply don’t knock against those kind +of women here. An exception here and there. Handsome yes, pretty in a +way you find but what I’m talking about is the female form. Besides +they have so little taste in dress, most of them, which greatly +enhances a woman’s natural beauty, no matter what you say. Rumpled +stockings, it may be, possibly is, a foible of mine but still it’s a +thing I simply hate to see. + +Interest, however, was starting to flag somewhat all round and then the +others got on to talking about accidents at sea, ships lost in a fog, +collisions with icebergs, all that sort of thing. Shipahoy of course +had his own say to say. He had doubled the cape a few odd times and +weathered a monsoon, a kind of wind, in the China seas and through all +those perils of the deep there was one thing, he declared, stood to him +or words to that effect, a pious medal he had that saved him. + +So then after that they drifted on to the wreck off Daunt’s rock, wreck +of that illfated Norwegian barque nobody could think of her name for +the moment till the jarvey who had really quite a look of Henry +Campbell remembered it _Palme_ on Booterstown strand. That was the talk +of the town that year (Albert William Quill wrote a fine piece of +original verse of distinctive merit on the topic for the Irish +_Times_), breakers running over her and crowds and crowds on the shore +in commotion petrified with horror. Then someone said something about +the case of the s. s. _Lady Cairns_ of Swansea run into by the _Mona_ +which was on an opposite tack in rather muggyish weather and lost with +all hands on deck. No aid was given. Her master, the _Mona_’s, said he +was afraid his collision bulkhead would give way. She had no water, it +appears, in her hold. + +At this stage an incident happened. It having become necessary for him +to unfurl a reef the sailor vacated his seat. + +—Let me cross your bows mate, he said to his neighbour who was just +gently dropping off into a peaceful doze. + +He made tracks heavily, slowly with a dumpy sort of a gait to the door, +stepped heavily down the one step there was out of the shelter and bore +due left. While he was in the act of getting his bearings Mr Bloom who +noticed when he stood up that he had two flasks of presumably ship’s +rum sticking one out of each pocket for the private consumption of his +burning interior, saw him produce a bottle and uncork it or unscrew +and, applying its nozzle to his lips, take a good old delectable swig +out of it with a gurgling noise. The irrepressible Bloom, who also had +a shrewd suspicion that the old stager went out on a manœuvre after the +counterattraction in the shape of a female who however had disappeared +to all intents and purposes, could by straining just perceive him, when +duly refreshed by his rum puncheon exploit, gaping up at the piers and +girders of the Loop line rather out of his depth as of course it was +all radically altered since his last visit and greatly improved. Some +person or persons invisible directed him to the male urinal erected by +the cleansing committee all over the place for the purpose but after a +brief space of time during which silence reigned supreme the sailor, +evidently giving it a wide berth, eased himself closer at hand, the +noise of his bilgewater some little time subsequently splashing on the +ground where it apparently awoke a horse of the cabrank. A hoof scooped +anyway for new foothold after sleep and harness jingled. Slightly +disturbed in his sentrybox by the brazier of live coke the watcher of +the corporation stones who, though now broken down and fast breaking +up, was none other in stern reality than the Gumley aforesaid, now +practically on the parish rates, given the temporary job by Pat Tobin +in all human probability from dictates of humanity knowing him before +shifted about and shuffled in his box before composing his limbs again +in to the arms of Morpheus, a truly amazing piece of hard lines in its +most virulent form on a fellow most respectably connected and +familiarised with decent home comforts all his life who came in for a +cool £ 100 a year at one time which of course the doublebarrelled ass +proceeded to make general ducks and drakes of. And there he was at the +end of his tether after having often painted the town tolerably pink +without a beggarly stiver. He drank needless to be told and it pointed +only once more a moral when he might quite easily be in a large way of +business if—a big if, however—he had contrived to cure himself of his +particular partiality. + +All meantime were loudly lamenting the falling off in Irish shipping, +coastwise and foreign as well, which was all part and parcel of the +same thing. A Palgrave Murphy boat was put off the ways at Alexandra +basin, the only launch that year. Right enough the harbours were there +only no ships ever called. + +There were wrecks and wreckers, the keeper said, who was evidently _au +fait_. + +What he wanted to ascertain was why that ship ran bang against the only +rock in Galway bay when the Galway harbour scheme was mooted by a Mr +Worthington or some name like that, eh? Ask the then captain, he +advised them, how much palmoil the British government gave him for that +day’s work, Captain John Lever of the Lever Line. + +—Am I right, skipper? he queried of the sailor, now returning after his +private potation and the rest of his exertions. + +That worthy picking up the scent of the fagend of the song or words +growled in wouldbe music but with great vim some kind of chanty or +other in seconds or thirds. Mr Bloom’s sharp ears heard him then +expectorate the plug probably (which it was), so that he must have +lodged it for the time being in his fist while he did the drinking and +making water jobs and found it a bit sour after the liquid fire in +question. Anyhow in he rolled after his successful +libation-_cum_-potation, introducing an atmosphere of drink into the +_soirée_, boisterously trolling, like a veritable son of a seacook: + + —The biscuits was as hard as brass + And the beef as salt as Lot’s wife’s arse. + O, Johnny Lever! + Johnny Lever, O! + +After which effusion the redoubtable specimen duly arrived on the scene +and regaining his seat he sank rather than sat heavily on the form +provided. Skin-the-Goat, assuming he was he, evidently with an axe to +grind, was airing his grievances in a forcible-feeble philippic anent +the natural resources of Ireland or something of that sort which he +described in his lengthy dissertation as the richest country bar none +on the face of God’s earth, far and away superior to England, with coal +in large quantities, six million pounds worth of pork exported every +year, ten millions between butter and eggs and all the riches drained +out of it by England levying taxes on the poor people that paid through +the nose always and gobbling up the best meat in the market and a lot +more surplus steam in the same vein. Their conversation accordingly +became general and all agreed that that was a fact. You could grow any +mortal thing in Irish soil, he stated, and there was that colonel +Everard down there in Navan growing tobacco. Where would you find +anywhere the like of Irish bacon? But a day of reckoning, he stated +_crescendo_ with no uncertain voice, thoroughly monopolising all the +conversation, was in store for mighty England, despite her power of +pelf on account of her crimes. There would be a fall and the greatest +fall in history. The Germans and the Japs were going to have their +little lookin, he affirmed. The Boers were the beginning of the end. +Brummagem England was toppling already and her downfall would be +Ireland, her Achilles heel, which he explained to them about the +vulnerable point of Achilles, the Greek hero, a point his auditors at +once seized as he completely gripped their attention by showing the +tendon referred to on his boot. His advice to every Irishman was: stay +in the land of your birth and work for Ireland and live for Ireland. +Ireland, Parnell said, could not spare a single one of her sons. + +Silence all round marked the termination of his _finale_. The +impervious navigator heard these lurid tidings, undismayed. + +—Take a bit of doing, boss, retaliated that rough diamond palpably a +bit peeved in response to the foregoing truism. + +To which cold douche referring to downfall and so on the keeper +concurred but nevertheless held to his main view. + +—Who’s the best troops in the army? the grizzled old veteran irately +interrogated. And the best jumpers and racers? And the best admirals +and generals we’ve got? Tell me that. + +—The Irish, for choice, retorted the cabby like Campbell, facial +blemishes apart. + +—That’s right, the old tarpaulin corroborated. The Irish catholic +peasant. He’s the backbone of our empire. You know Jem Mullins? + +While allowing him his individual opinions as everyman the keeper added +he cared nothing for any empire, ours or his, and considered no +Irishman worthy of his salt that served it. Then they began to have a +few irascible words when it waxed hotter, both, needless to say, +appealing to the listeners who followed the passage of arms with +interest so long as they didn’t indulge in recriminations and come to +blows. + +From inside information extending over a series of years Mr Bloom was +rather inclined to poohpooh the suggestion as egregious balderdash for, +pending that consummation devoutly to be or not to be wished for, he +was fully cognisant of the fact that their neighbours across the +channel, unless they were much bigger fools than he took them for, +rather concealed their strength than the opposite. It was quite on a +par with the quixotic idea in certain quarters that in a hundred +million years the coal seam of the sister island would be played out +and if, as time went on, that turned out to be how the cat jumped all +he could personally say on the matter was that as a host of +contingencies, equally relevant to the issue, might occur ere then it +was highly advisable in the interim to try to make the most of both +countries even though poles apart. Another little interesting point, +the amours of whores and chummies, to put it in common parlance, +reminded him Irish soldiers had as often fought for England as against +her, more so, in fact. And now, why? So the scene between the pair of +them, the licensee of the place rumoured to be or have been Fitzharris, +the famous invincible, and the other, obviously bogus, reminded him +forcibly as being on all fours with the confidence trick, supposing, +that is, it was prearranged as the lookeron, a student of the human +soul if anything, the others seeing least of the game. And as for the +lessee or keeper, who probably wasn’t the other person at all, he (B.) +couldn’t help feeling and most properly it was better to give people +like that the goby unless you were a blithering idiot altogether and +refuse to have anything to do with them as a golden rule in private +life and their felonsetting, there always being the offchance of a +Dannyman coming forward and turning queen’s evidence or king’s now like +Denis or Peter Carey, an idea he utterly repudiated. Quite apart from +that he disliked those careers of wrongdoing and crime on principle. +Yet, though such criminal propensities had never been an inmate of his +bosom in any shape or form, he certainly did feel and no denying it +(while inwardly remaining what he was) a certain kind of admiration for +a man who had actually brandished a knife, cold steel, with the courage +of his political convictions (though, personally, he would never be a +party to any such thing), off the same bat as those love vendettas of +the south, have her or swing for her, when the husband frequently, +after some words passed between the two concerning her relations with +the other lucky mortal (he having had the pair watched), inflicted +fatal injuries on his adored one as a result of an alternative +postnuptial _liaison_ by plunging his knife into her, until it just +struck him that Fitz, nicknamed Skin-the-Goat, merely drove the car for +the actual perpetrators of the outrage and so was not, if he was +reliably informed, actually party to the ambush which, in point of +fact, was the plea some legal luminary saved his skin on. In any case +that was very ancient history by now and as for our friend, the pseudo +Skin-the-etcetera, he had transparently outlived his welcome. He ought +to have either died naturally or on the scaffold high. Like actresses, +always farewell positively last performance then come up smiling again. +Generous to a fault of course, temperamental, no economising or any +idea of the sort, always snapping at the bone for the shadow. So +similarly he had a very shrewd suspicion that Mr Johnny Lever got rid +of some £. s. d. in the course of his perambulations round the docks in +the congenial atmosphere of the _Old Ireland_ tavern, come back to Erin +and so on. Then as for the other he had heard not so long before the +same identical lingo as he told Stephen how he simply but effectually +silenced the offender. + +—He took umbrage at something or other, that muchinjured but on the +whole eventempered person declared, I let slip. He called me a jew and +in a heated fashion offensively. So I without deviating from plain +facts in the least told him his God, I mean Christ, was a jew too and +all his family like me though in reality I’m not. That was one for him. +A soft answer turns away wrath. He hadn’t a word to say for himself as +everyone saw. Am I not right? + +He turned a long you are wrong gaze on Stephen of timorous dark pride +at the soft impeachment with a glance also of entreaty for he seemed to +glean in a kind of a way that it wasn’t all exactly. + +—_Ex quibus_, Stephen mumbled in a noncommittal accent, their two or +four eyes conversing, _Christus_ or Bloom his name is or after all any +other, _secundum carnem_. + +—Of course, Mr B. proceeded to stipulate, you must look at both sides +of the question. It is hard to lay down any hard and fast rules as to +right and wrong but room for improvement all round there certainly is +though every country, they say, our own distressful included, has the +government it deserves. But with a little goodwill all round. It’s all +very fine to boast of mutual superiority but what about mutual +equality. I resent violence and intolerance in any shape or form. It +never reaches anything or stops anything. A revolution must come on the +due instalments plan. It’s a patent absurdity on the face of it to hate +people because they live round the corner and speak another vernacular, +in the next house so to speak. + +—Memorable bloody bridge battle and seven minutes’ war, Stephen +assented, between Skinner’s alley and Ormond market. + +Yes, Mr Bloom thoroughly agreed, entirely endorsing the remark, that +was overwhelmingly right. And the whole world was full of that sort of +thing. + +—You just took the words out of my mouth, he said. A hocuspocus of +conflicting evidence that candidly you couldn’t remotely... + +All those wretched quarrels, in his humble opinion, stirring up bad +blood, from some bump of combativeness or gland of some kind, +erroneously supposed to be about a punctilio of honour and a flag, were +very largely a question of the money question which was at the back of +everything, greed and jealousy, people never knowing when to stop. + +—They accuse, remarked he audibly. He turned away from the others, who +probably… and spoke nearer to, so as the others… in case they… + +—Jews, he softly imparted in an aside in Stephen’s ear, are accused of +ruining. Not a vestige of truth in it, I can safely say. History, would +you be surprised to learn, proves up to the hilt Spain decayed when the +inquisition hounded the jews out and England prospered when Cromwell, +an uncommonly able ruffian who in other respects has much to answer +for, imported them. Why? Because they are imbued with the proper +spirit. They are practical and are proved to be so. I don’t want to +indulge in any because you know the standard works on the subject and +then orthodox as you are. But in the economic, not touching religion, +domain the priest spells poverty. Spain again, you saw in the war, +compared with goahead America. Turks. It’s in the dogma. Because if +they didn’t believe they’d go straight to heaven when they die they’d +try to live better, at least so I think. That’s the juggle on which the +p.p.’s raise the wind on false pretences. I’m, he resumed with dramatic +force, as good an Irishman as that rude person I told you about at the +outset and I want to see everyone, concluded he, all creeds and classes +_pro rata_ having a comfortable tidysized income, in no niggard fashion +either, something in the neighbourhood of £ 300 per annum. That’s the +vital issue at stake and it’s feasible and would be provocative of +friendlier intercourse between man and man. At least that’s my idea for +what it’s worth. I call that patriotism. _Ubi patria_, as we learned a +smattering of in our classical days in _Alma Mater, vita bene_. Where +you can live well, the sense is, if you work. + +Over his untastable apology for a cup of coffee, listening to this +synopsis of things in general, Stephen stared at nothing in particular. +He could hear, of course, all kinds of words changing colour like those +crabs about Ringsend in the morning burrowing quickly into all colours +of different sorts of the same sand where they had a home somewhere +beneath or seemed to. Then he looked up and saw the eyes that said or +didn’t say the words the voice he heard said, if you work. + +—Count me out, he managed to remark, meaning work. + +The eyes were surprised at this observation because as he, the person +who owned them pro tem. observed or rather his voice speaking did, all +must work, have to, together. + +—I mean, of course, the other hastened to affirm, work in the widest +possible sense. Also literary labour not merely for the kudos of the +thing. Writing for the newspapers which is the readiest channel +nowadays. That’s work too. Important work. After all, from the little I +know of you, after all the money expended on your education you are +entitled to recoup yourself and command your price. You have every bit +as much right to live by your pen in pursuit of your philosophy as the +peasant has. What? You both belong to Ireland, the brain and the brawn. +Each is equally important. + +—You suspect, Stephen retorted with a sort of a half laugh, that I may +be important because I belong to the _faubourg Saint Patrice_ called +Ireland for short. + +—I would go a step farther, Mr Bloom insinuated. + +—But I suspect, Stephen interrupted, that Ireland must be important +because it belongs to me. + +—What belongs, queried Mr Bloom bending, fancying he was perhaps under +some misapprehension. Excuse me. Unfortunately, I didn’t catch the +latter portion. What was it you...? + +Stephen, patently crosstempered, repeated and shoved aside his mug of +coffee or whatever you like to call it none too politely, adding: + +—We can’t change the country. Let us change the subject. + +At this pertinent suggestion Mr Bloom, to change the subject, looked +down but in a quandary, as he couldn’t tell exactly what construction +to put on belongs to which sounded rather a far cry. The rebuke of some +kind was clearer than the other part. Needless to say the fumes of his +recent orgy spoke then with some asperity in a curious bitter way +foreign to his sober state. Probably the homelife to which Mr B +attached the utmost importance had not been all that was needful or he +hadn’t been familiarised with the right sort of people. With a touch of +fear for the young man beside him whom he furtively scrutinised with an +air of some consternation remembering he had just come back from Paris, +the eyes more especially reminding him forcibly of father and sister, +failing to throw much light on the subject, however, he brought to mind +instances of cultured fellows that promised so brilliantly nipped in +the bud of premature decay and nobody to blame but themselves. For +instance there was the case of O’Callaghan, for one, the halfcrazy +faddist, respectably connected though of inadequate means, with his mad +vagaries among whose other gay doings when rotto and making himself a +nuisance to everybody all round he was in the habit of ostentatiously +sporting in public a suit of brown paper (a fact). And then the usual +_dénouement_ after the fun had gone on fast and furious he got landed +into hot water and had to be spirited away by a few friends, after a +strong hint to a blind horse from John Mallon of Lower Castle Yard, so +as not to be made amenable under section two of the criminal law +amendment act, certain names of those subpœnaed being handed in but not +divulged for reasons which will occur to anyone with a pick of brains. +Briefly, putting two and two together, six sixteen which he pointedly +turned a deaf ear to, Antonio and so forth, jockeys and esthetes and +the tattoo which was all the go in the seventies or thereabouts even in +the house of lords because early in life the occupant of the throne, +then heir apparent, the other members of the upper ten and other high +personages simply following in the footsteps of the head of the state, +he reflected about the errors of notorieties and crowned heads running +counter to morality such as the Cornwall case a number of years before +under their veneer in a way scarcely intended by nature, a thing good +Mrs Grundy, as the law stands, was terribly down on though not for the +reason they thought they were probably whatever it was except women +chiefly who were always fiddling more or less at one another it being +largely a matter of dress and all the rest of it. Ladies who like +distinctive underclothing should, and every welltailored man must, +trying to make the gap wider between them by innuendo and give more of +a genuine filip to acts of impropriety between the two, she unbuttoned +his and then he untied her, mind the pin, whereas savages in the +cannibal islands, say, at ninety degrees in the shade not caring a +continental. However, reverting to the original, there were on the +other hand others who had forced their way to the top from the lowest +rung by the aid of their bootstraps. Sheer force of natural genius, +that. With brains, sir. + +For which and further reasons he felt it was his interest and duty even +to wait on and profit by the unlookedfor occasion though why he could +not exactly tell being as it was already several shillings to the bad +having in fact let himself in for it. Still to cultivate the +acquaintance of someone of no uncommon calibre who could provide food +for reflection would amply repay any small. Intellectual stimulation, +as such, was, he felt, from time to time a firstrate tonic for the +mind. Added to which was the coincidence of meeting, discussion, dance, +row, old salt of the here today and gone tomorrow type, night loafers, +the whole galaxy of events, all went to make up a miniature cameo of +the world we live in especially as the lives of the submerged tenth, +viz. coalminers, divers, scavengers etc., were very much under the +microscope lately. To improve the shining hour he wondered whether he +might meet with anything approaching the same luck as Mr Philip Beaufoy +if taken down in writing suppose he were to pen something out of the +common groove (as he fully intended doing) at the rate of one guinea +per column. _My Experiences_, let us say, _in a Cabman’s Shelter_. + +The pink edition extra sporting of the _Telegraph_ tell a graphic lie +lay, as luck would have it, beside his elbow and as he was just +puzzling again, far from satisfied, over a country belonging to him and +the preceding rebus the vessel came from Bridgwater and the postcard +was addressed A. Boudin find the captain’s age, his eyes went aimlessly +over the respective captions which came under his special province the +allembracing give us this day our daily press. First he got a bit of a +start but it turned out to be only something about somebody named H. du +Boyes, agent for typewriters or something like that. Great battle, +Tokio. Lovemaking in Irish, £ 200 damages. Gordon Bennett. Emigration +Swindle. Letter from His Grace. William ✠. Ascot meeting, the Gold Cup. +Victory of outsider _Throwaway_ recalls Derby of ’92 when Capt. +Marshall’s dark horse _Sir Hugo_ captured the blue ribband at long +odds. New York disaster. Thousand lives lost. Foot and Mouth. Funeral +of the late Mr Patrick Dignam. + +So to change the subject he read about Dignam R. I. P. which, he +reflected, was anything but a gay sendoff. Or a change of address +anyway. + +—_This morning_ (Hynes put it in of course) _the remains of the late Mr +Patrick Dignam were removed from his residence, no 9 Newbridge Avenue, +Sandymount, for interment in Glasnevin. The deceased gentleman was a +most popular and genial personality in city life and his demise after a +brief illness came as a great shock to citizens of all classes by whom +he is deeply regretted. The obsequies, at which many friends of the +deceased were present, were carried out_ (certainly Hynes wrote it with +a nudge from Corny) _by Messrs H. J. O’Neill and Son, 164 North Strand +Road. The mourners included: Patk. Dignam (son), Bernard Corrigan +(brother-in-law), Jno. Henry Menton, solr, Martin Cunningham, John +Power, eatondph 1/8 ador dorador douradora_ (must be where he called +Monks the dayfather about Keyes’s ad) _Thomas Kernan, Simon Dedalus, +Stephen Dedalus B. A., Edw. J. Lambert, Cornelius T. Kelleher, Joseph +M’C Hynes, L. Boom, C P M’Coy,—M’Intosh and several others_. + +Nettled not a little by L. _Boom_ (as it incorrectly stated) and the +line of bitched type but tickled to death simultaneously by C. P. M’Coy +and Stephen Dedalus B. A. who were conspicuous, needless to say, by +their total absence (to say nothing of M’Intosh) L. Boom pointed it out +to his companion B. A. engaged in stifling another yawn, half +nervousness, not forgetting the usual crop of nonsensical howlers of +misprints. + +—Is that first epistle to the Hebrews, he asked as soon as his bottom +jaw would let him, in? Text: open thy mouth and put thy foot in it. + +—It is. Really, Mr Bloom said (though first he fancied he alluded to +the archbishop till he added about foot and mouth with which there +could be no possible connection) overjoyed to set his mind at rest and +a bit flabbergasted at Myles Crawford’s after all managing to. There. + +While the other was reading it on page two Boom (to give him for the +nonce his new misnomer) whiled away a few odd leisure moments in fits +and starts with the account of the third event at Ascot on page three, +his side. Value 1000 sovs with 3000 sovs in specie added. For entire +colts and fillies. Mr F. Alexander’s _Throwaway_, b. h. by +_Rightaway-Thrale_, 5 yrs, 9 st 4 lbs (W. Lane) 1. Lord Howard de +Walden’s _Zinfandel_ (M. Cannon) 2. Mr W. Bass’s _Sceptre_ 3. Betting 5 +to 4 on _Zinfandel_, 20 to 1 _Throwaway_ (off). _Sceptre_ a shade +heavier. It was anybody’s race then the rank outsider drew to the fore, +got long lead, beating Lord Howard de Walden’s chestnut colt and Mr W. +Bass’s bay filly Sceptre on a 2 1/2 mile course. Winner trained by +Braime so that Lenehan’s version of the business was all pure buncombe. +Secured the verdict cleverly by a length. 1000 sovs with 3000 in +specie. Also ran: J de Bremond’s (French horse Bantam Lyons was +anxiously inquiring after not in yet but expected any minute) _Maximum +II_. Different ways of bringing off a coup. Lovemaking damages. Though +that halfbaked Lyons ran off at a tangent in his impetuosity to get +left. Of course gambling eminently lent itself to that sort of thing +though as the event turned out the poor fool hadn’t much reason to +congratulate himself on his pick, the forlorn hope. Guesswork it +reduced itself to eventually. + +—There was every indication they would arrive at that, he, Bloom, said. + +—Who? the other, whose hand by the way was hurt, said. + +One morning you would open the paper, the cabman affirmed, and read: +_Return of Parnell_. He bet them what they liked. A Dublin fusilier was +in that shelter one night and said he saw him in South Africa. Pride it +was killed him. He ought to have done away with himself or lain low for +a time after committee room no 15 until he was his old self again with +no-one to point a finger at him. Then they would all to a man have gone +down on their marrowbones to him to come back when he had recovered his +senses. Dead he wasn’t. Simply absconded somewhere. The coffin they +brought over was full of stones. He changed his name to De Wet, the +Boer general. He made a mistake to fight the priests. And so forth and +so on. + +All the same Bloom (properly so dubbed) was rather surprised at their +memories for in nine cases out of ten it was a case of tarbarrels and +not singly but in their thousands and then complete oblivion because it +was twenty odd years. Highly unlikely of course there was even a shadow +of truth in the stones and, even supposing, he thought a return highly +inadvisable, all things considered. Something evidently riled them in +his death. Either he petered out too tamely of acute pneumonia just +when his various different political arrangements were nearing +completion or whether it transpired he owed his death to his having +neglected to change his boots and clothes after a wetting when a cold +resulted and failing to consult a specialist he being confined to his +room till he eventually died of it amid widespread regret before a +fortnight was at an end or quite possibly they were distressed to find +the job was taken out of their hands. Of course nobody being acquainted +with his movements even before there was absolutely no clue as to his +whereabouts which were decidedly of the _Alice, where art thou_ order +even prior to his starting to go under several aliases such as Fox and +Stewart so the remark which emanated from friend cabby might be within +the bounds of possibility. Naturally then it would prey on his mind as +a born leader of men which undoubtedly he was and a commanding figure, +a sixfooter or at any rate five feet ten or eleven in his stockinged +feet, whereas Messrs So and So who, though they weren’t even a patch on +the former man, ruled the roost after their redeeming features were +very few and far between. It certainly pointed a moral, the idol with +feet of clay, and then seventytwo of his trusty henchmen rounding on +him with mutual mudslinging. And the identical same with murderers. You +had to come back. That haunting sense kind of drew you. To show the +understudy in the title _rôle_ how to. He saw him once on the +auspicious occasion when they broke up the type in the _Insuppressible_ +or was it _United Ireland_, a privilege he keenly appreciated, and, in +point of fact, handed him his silk hat when it was knocked off and he +said _Thank you_, excited as he undoubtedly was under his frigid +exterior notwithstanding the little misadventure mentioned between the +cup and the lip: what’s bred in the bone. Still as regards return. You +were a lucky dog if they didn’t set the terrier at you directly you got +back. Then a lot of shillyshally usually followed, Tom for and Dick and +Harry against. And then, number one, you came up against the man in +possession and had to produce your credentials like the claimant in the +Tichborne case, Roger Charles Tichborne, _Bella_ was the boat’s name to +the best of his recollection he, the heir, went down in as the evidence +went to show and there was a tattoo mark too in Indian ink, lord Bellew +was it, as he might very easily have picked up the details from some +pal on board ship and then, when got up to tally with the description +given, introduce himself with: _Excuse me, my name is So and So_ or +some such commonplace remark. A more prudent course, as Bloom said to +the not over effusive, in fact like the distinguished personage under +discussion beside him, would have been to sound the lie of the land +first. + +—That bitch, that English whore, did for him, the shebeen proprietor +commented. She put the first nail in his coffin. + +—Fine lump of a woman all the same, the _soi-disant_ townclerk Henry +Campbell remarked, and plenty of her. She loosened many a man’s thighs. +I seen her picture in a barber’s. The husband was a captain or an +officer. + +—Ay, Skin-the-Goat amusingly added, he was and a cottonball one. + +This gratuitous contribution of a humorous character occasioned a fair +amount of laughter among his _entourage_. As regards Bloom he, without +the faintest suspicion of a smile, merely gazed in the direction of the +door and reflected upon the historic story which had aroused +extraordinary interest at the time when the facts, to make matters +worse, were made public with the usual affectionate letters that passed +between them full of sweet nothings. First it was strictly Platonic +till nature intervened and an attachment sprang up between them till +bit by bit matters came to a climax and the matter became the talk of +the town till the staggering blow came as a welcome intelligence to not +a few evildisposed, however, who were resolved upon encompassing his +downfall though the thing was public property all along though not to +anything like the sensational extent that it subsequently blossomed +into. Since their names were coupled, though, since he was her declared +favourite, where was the particular necessity to proclaim it to the +rank and file from the housetops, the fact, namely, that he had shared +her bedroom which came out in the witnessbox on oath when a thrill went +through the packed court literally electrifying everybody in the shape +of witnesses swearing to having witnessed him on such and such a +particular date in the act of scrambling out of an upstairs apartment +with the assistance of a ladder in night apparel, having gained +admittance in the same fashion, a fact the weeklies, addicted to the +lubric a little, simply coined shoals of money out of. Whereas the +simple fact of the case was it was simply a case of the husband not +being up to the scratch, with nothing in common between them beyond the +name, and then a real man arriving on the scene, strong to the verge of +weakness, falling a victim to her siren charms and forgetting home +ties, the usual sequel, to bask in the loved one’s smiles. The eternal +question of the life connubial, needless to say, cropped up. Can real +love, supposing there happens to be another chap in the case, exist +between married folk? Poser. Though it was no concern of theirs +absolutely if he regarded her with affection, carried away by a wave of +folly. A magnificent specimen of manhood he was truly augmented +obviously by gifts of a high order, as compared with the other military +supernumerary that is (who was just the usual everyday _farewell, my +gallant captain_ kind of an individual in the light dragoons, the 18th +hussars to be accurate) and inflammable doubtless (the fallen leader, +that is, not the other) in his own peculiar way which she of course, +woman, quickly perceived as highly likely to carve his way to fame +which he almost bid fair to do till the priests and ministers of the +gospel as a whole, his erstwhile staunch adherents, and his beloved +evicted tenants for whom he had done yeoman service in the rural parts +of the country by taking up the cudgels on their behalf in a way that +exceeded their most sanguine expectations, very effectually cooked his +matrimonial goose, thereby heaping coals of fire on his head much in +the same way as the fabled ass’s kick. Looking back now in a +retrospective kind of arrangement all seemed a kind of dream. And then +coming back was the worst thing you ever did because it went without +saying you would feel out of place as things always moved with the +times. Why, as he reflected, Irishtown strand, a locality he had not +been in for quite a number of years looked different somehow since, as +it happened, he went to reside on the north side. North or south, +however, it was just the wellknown case of hot passion, pure and +simple, upsetting the applecart with a vengeance and just bore out the +very thing he was saying as she also was Spanish or half so, types that +wouldn’t do things by halves, passionate abandon of the south, casting +every shred of decency to the winds. + +—Just bears out what I was saying, he, with glowing bosom said to +Stephen, about blood and the sun. And, if I don’t greatly mistake she +was Spanish too. + +—The king of Spain’s daughter, Stephen answered, adding something or +other rather muddled about farewell and adieu to you Spanish onions and +the first land called the Deadman and from Ramhead to Scilly was so and +so many. + +—Was she? Bloom ejaculated, surprised though not astonished by any +means, I never heard that rumour before. Possible, especially there, it +was as she lived there. So, Spain. + +Carefully avoiding a book in his pocket _Sweets of_, which reminded him +by the by of that Capel street library book out of date, he took out +his pocketbook and, turning over the various contents it contained +rapidly finally he. + +—Do you consider, by the by, he said, thoughtfully selecting a faded +photo which he laid on the table, that a Spanish type? + +Stephen, obviously addressed, looked down on the photo showing a large +sized lady with her fleshy charms on evidence in an open fashion as she +was in the full bloom of womanhood in evening dress cut ostentatiously +low for the occasion to give a liberal display of bosom, with more than +vision of breasts, her full lips parted and some perfect teeth, +standing near, ostensibly with gravity, a piano on the rest of which +was _In Old Madrid_, a ballad, pretty in its way, which was then all +the vogue. Her (the lady’s) eyes, dark, large, looked at Stephen, about +to smile about something to be admired, Lafayette of Westmoreland +street, Dublin’s premier photographic artist, being responsible for the +esthetic execution. + +—Mrs Bloom, my wife the _prima donna_ Madam Marion Tweedy, Bloom +indicated. Taken a few years since. In or about ninety six. Very like +her then. + +Beside the young man he looked also at the photo of the lady now his +legal wife who, he intimated, was the accomplished daughter of Major +Brian Tweedy and displayed at an early age remarkable proficiency as a +singer having even made her bow to the public when her years numbered +barely sweet sixteen. As for the face it was a speaking likeness in +expression but it did not do justice to her figure which came in for a +lot of notice usually and which did not come out to the best advantage +in that getup. She could without difficulty, he said, have posed for +the ensemble, not to dwell on certain opulent curves of the. He dwelt, +being a bit of an artist in his spare time, on the female form in +general developmentally because, as it so happened, no later than that +afternoon he had seen those Grecian statues, perfectly developed as +works of art, in the National Museum. Marble could give the original, +shoulders, back, all the symmetry, all the rest. Yes, puritanisme, it +does though, Saint Joseph’s sovereign thievery alors (Bandez!) Figne +toi trop. Whereas no photo could because it simply wasn’t art in a +word. + +The spirit moving him he would much have liked to follow Jack Tar’s +good example and leave the likeness there for a very few minutes to +speak for itself on the plea he so that the other could drink in the +beauty for himself, her stage presence being, frankly, a treat in +itself which the camera could not at all do justice to. But it was +scarcely professional etiquette so. Though it was a warm pleasant sort +of a night now yet wonderfully cool for the season considering, for +sunshine after storm. And he did feel a kind of need there and then to +follow suit like a kind of inward voice and satisfy a possible need by +moving a motion. Nevertheless he sat tight just viewing the slightly +soiled photo creased by opulent curves, none the worse for wear +however, and looked away thoughtfully with the intention of not further +increasing the other’s possible embarrassment while gauging her +symmetry of heaving _embonpoint_. In fact the slight soiling was only +an added charm like the case of linen slightly soiled, good as new, +much better in fact with the starch out. Suppose she was gone when he? +I looked for the lamp which she told me came into his mind but merely +as a passing fancy of his because he then recollected the morning +littered bed etcetera and the book about Ruby with met him pike hoses +(_sic_) in it which must have fell down sufficiently appropriately +beside the domestic chamberpot with apologies to Lindley Murray. + +The vicinity of the young man he certainly relished, educated, +_distingué_ and impulsive into the bargain, far and away the pick of +the bunch though you wouldn’t think he had it in him yet you would. +Besides he said the picture was handsome which, say what you like, it +was though at the moment she was distinctly stouter. And why not? An +awful lot of makebelieve went on about that sort of thing involving a +lifelong slur with the usual splash page of gutterpress about the same +old matrimonial tangle alleging misconduct with professional golfer or +the newest stage favourite instead of being honest and aboveboard about +the whole business. How they were fated to meet and an attachment +sprang up between the two so that their names were coupled in the +public eye was told in court with letters containing the habitual mushy +and compromising expressions leaving no loophole to show that they +openly cohabited two or three times a week at some wellknown seaside +hotel and relations, when the thing ran its normal course, became in +due course intimate. Then the decree _nisi_ and the King’s proctor +tries to show cause why and, he failing to quash it, _nisi_ was made +absolute. But as for that the two misdemeanants, wrapped up as they +largely were in one another, could safely afford to ignore it as they +very largely did till the matter was put in the hands of a solicitor +who filed a petition for the party wronged in due course. He, B, +enjoyed the distinction of being close to Erin’s uncrowned king in the +flesh when the thing occurred on the historic _fracas_ when the fallen +leader’s, who notoriously stuck to his guns to the last drop even when +clothed in the mantle of adultery, (leader’s) trusty henchmen to the +number of ten or a dozen or possibly even more than that penetrated +into the printing works of the _Insuppressible_ or no it was _United +Ireland_ (a by no means by the by appropriate appellative) and broke up +the typecases with hammers or something like that all on account of +some scurrilous effusions from the facile pens of the O’Brienite +scribes at the usual mudslinging occupation reflecting on the erstwhile +tribune’s private morals. Though palpably a radically altered man he +was still a commanding figure though carelessly garbed as usual with +that look of settled purpose which went a long way with the +shillyshallyers till they discovered to their vast discomfiture that +their idol had feet of clay after placing him upon a pedestal which +she, however, was the first to perceive. As those were particularly hot +times in the general hullaballoo Bloom sustained a minor injury from a +nasty prod of some chap’s elbow in the crowd that of course congregated +lodging some place about the pit of the stomach, fortunately not of a +grave character. His hat (Parnell’s) a silk one was inadvertently +knocked off and, as a matter of strict history, Bloom was the man who +picked it up in the crush after witnessing the occurrence meaning to +return it to him (and return it to him he did with the utmost celerity) +who panting and hatless and whose thoughts were miles away from his hat +at the time all the same being a gentleman born with a stake in the +country he, as a matter of fact, having gone into it more for the kudos +of the thing than anything else, what’s bred in the bone instilled into +him in infancy at his mother’s knee in the shape of knowing what good +form was came out at once because he turned round to the donor and +thanked him with perfect _aplomb_, saying: _Thank you, sir_, though in +a very different tone of voice from the ornament of the legal +profession whose headgear Bloom also set to rights earlier in the +course of the day, history repeating itself with a difference, after +the burial of a mutual friend when they had left him alone in his glory +after the grim task of having committed his remains to the grave. + +On the other hand what incensed him more inwardly was the blatant jokes +of the cabman and so on who passed it all off as a jest, laughing +immoderately, pretending to understand everything, the why and the +wherefore, and in reality not knowing their own minds, it being a case +for the two parties themselves unless it ensued that the legitimate +husband happened to be a party to it owing to some anonymous letter +from the usual boy Jones, who happened to come across them at the +crucial moment in a loving position locked in one another’s arms, +drawing attention to their illicit proceedings and leading up to a +domestic rumpus and the erring fair one begging forgiveness of her lord +and master upon her knees and promising to sever the connection and not +receive his visits any more if only the aggrieved husband would +overlook the matter and let bygones be bygones with tears in her eyes +though possibly with her tongue in her fair cheek at the same time as +quite possibly there were several others. He personally, being of a +sceptical bias, believed and didn’t make the smallest bones about +saying so either that man or men in the plural were always hanging +around on the waiting list about a lady, even supposing she was the +best wife in the world and they got on fairly well together for the +sake of argument, when, neglecting her duties, she chose to be tired of +wedded life and was on for a little flutter in polite debauchery to +press their attentions on her with improper intent, the upshot being +that her affections centred on another, the cause of many _liaisons_ +between still attractive married women getting on for fair and forty +and younger men, no doubt as several famous cases of feminine +infatuation proved up to the hilt. + +It was a thousand pities a young fellow, blessed with an allowance of +brains as his neighbour obviously was, should waste his valuable time +with profligate women who might present him with a nice dose to last +him his lifetime. In the nature of single blessedness he would one day +take unto himself a wife when Miss Right came on the scene but in the +interim ladies’ society was a _conditio sine qua non_ though he had the +gravest possible doubts, not that he wanted in the smallest to pump +Stephen about Miss Ferguson (who was very possibly the particular +lodestar who brought him down to Irishtown so early in the morning), as +to whether he would find much satisfaction basking in the boy and girl +courtship idea and the company of smirking misses without a penny to +their names bi or triweekly with the orthodox preliminary canter of +complimentplaying and walking out leading up to fond lovers’ ways and +flowers and chocs. To think of him house and homeless, rooked by some +landlady worse than any stepmother, was really too bad at his age. The +queer suddenly things he popped out with attracted the elder man who +was several years the other’s senior or like his father but something +substantial he certainly ought to eat even were it only an eggflip made +on unadulterated maternal nutriment or, failing that, the homely Humpty +Dumpty boiled. + +—At what o’clock did you dine? he questioned of the slim form and tired +though unwrinkled face. + +—Some time yesterday, Stephen said. + +—Yesterday! exclaimed Bloom till he remembered it was already tomorrow +Friday. Ah, you mean it’s after twelve! + +—The day before yesterday, Stephen said, improving on himself. + +Literally astounded at this piece of intelligence Bloom reflected. +Though they didn’t see eye to eye in everything a certain analogy there +somehow was as if both their minds were travelling, so to speak, in the +one train of thought. At his age when dabbling in politics roughly some +score of years previously when he had been a _quasi_ aspirant to +parliamentary honours in the Buckshot Foster days he too recollected in +retrospect (which was a source of keen satisfaction in itself) he had a +sneaking regard for those same ultra ideas. For instance when the +evicted tenants question, then at its first inception, bulked largely +in people’s mind though, it goes without saying, not contributing a +copper or pinning his faith absolutely to its dictums, some of which +wouldn’t exactly hold water, he at the outset in principle at all +events was in thorough sympathy with peasant possession as voicing the +trend of modern opinion (a partiality, however, which, realising his +mistake, he was subsequently partially cured of) and even was twitted +with going a step farther than Michael Davitt in the striking views he +at one time inculcated as a backtothelander, which was one reason he +strongly resented the innuendo put upon him in so barefaced a fashion +by our friend at the gathering of the clans in Barney Kiernan’s so that +he, though often considerably misunderstood and the least pugnacious of +mortals, be it repeated, departed from his customary habit to give him +(metaphorically) one in the gizzard though, so far as politics +themselves were concerned, he was only too conscious of the casualties +invariably resulting from propaganda and displays of mutual animosity +and the misery and suffering it entailed as a foregone conclusion on +fine young fellows, chiefly, destruction of the fittest, in a word. + +Anyhow upon weighing up the pros and cons, getting on for one, as it +was, it was high time to be retiring for the night. The crux was it was +a bit risky to bring him home as eventualities might possibly ensue +(somebody having a temper of her own sometimes) and spoil the hash +altogether as on the night he misguidedly brought home a dog (breed +unknown) with a lame paw (not that the cases were either identical or +the reverse though he had hurt his hand too) to Ontario Terrace as he +very distinctly remembered, having been there, so to speak. On the +other hand it was altogether far and away too late for the Sandymount +or Sandycove suggestion so that he was in some perplexity as to which +of the two alternatives. Everything pointed to the fact that it behoved +him to avail himself to the full of the opportunity, all things +considered. His initial impression was he was a shade standoffish or +not over effusive but it grew on him someway. For one thing he mightn’t +what you call jump at the idea, if approached, and what mostly worried +him was he didn’t know how to lead up to it or word it exactly, +supposing he did entertain the proposal, as it would afford him very +great personal pleasure if he would allow him to help to put coin in +his way or some wardrobe, if found suitable. At all events he wound up +by concluding, eschewing for the nonce hidebound precedent, a cup of +Epps’s cocoa and a shakedown for the night plus the use of a rug or two +and overcoat doubled into a pillow at least he would be in safe hands +and as warm as a toast on a trivet he failed to perceive any very vast +amount of harm in that always with the proviso no rumpus of any sort +was kicked up. A move had to be made because that merry old soul, the +grasswidower in question who appeared to be glued to the spot, didn’t +appear in any particular hurry to wend his way home to his dearly +beloved Queenstown and it was highly likely some sponger’s bawdyhouse +of retired beauties where age was no bar off Sheriff street lower would +be the best clue to that equivocal character’s whereabouts for a few +days to come, alternately racking their feelings (the mermaids’) with +sixchamber revolver anecdotes verging on the tropical calculated to +freeze the marrow of anybody’s bones and mauling their largesized +charms betweenwhiles with rough and tumble gusto to the accompaniment +of large potations of potheen and the usual blarney about himself for +as to who he in reality was let x equal my right name and address, as +Mr Algebra remarks _passim_. At the same time he inwardly chuckled over +his gentle repartee to the blood and ouns champion about his god being +a jew. People could put up with being bitten by a wolf but what +properly riled them was a bite from a sheep. The most vulnerable point +too of tender Achilles. Your god was a jew. Because mostly they +appeared to imagine he came from Carrick-on-Shannon or somewhereabouts +in the county Sligo. + +—I propose, our hero eventually suggested after mature reflection while +prudently pocketing her photo, as it’s rather stuffy here you just come +home with me and talk things over. My diggings are quite close in the +vicinity. You can’t drink that stuff. Do you like cocoa? Wait. I’ll +just pay this lot. + +The best plan clearly being to clear out, the remainder being plain +sailing, he beckoned, while prudently pocketing the photo, to the +keeper of the shanty who didn’t seem to. + +—Yes, that’s the best, he assured Stephen to whom for the matter of +that Brazen Head or him or anywhere else was all more or less. + +All kinds of Utopian plans were flashing through his (B’s) busy brain, +education (the genuine article), literature, journalism, prize titbits, +up to date billing, concert tours in English watering resorts packed +with hydros and seaside theatres, turning money away, duets in Italian +with the accent perfectly true to nature and a quantity of other +things, no necessity, of course, to tell the world and his wife from +the housetops about it, and a slice of luck. An opening was all was +wanted. Because he more than suspected he had his father’s voice to +bank his hopes on which it was quite on the cards he had so it would be +just as well, by the way no harm, to trail the conversation in the +direction of that particular red herring just to. + +The cabby read out of the paper he had got hold of that the former +viceroy, earl Cadogan, had presided at the cabdrivers’ association +dinner in London somewhere. Silence with a yawn or two accompanied this +thrilling announcement. Then the old specimen in the corner who +appeared to have some spark of vitality left read out that sir Anthony +MacDonnell had left Euston for the chief secretary’s lodge or words to +that effect. To which absorbing piece of intelligence echo answered +why. + +—Give us a squint at that literature, grandfather, the ancient mariner +put in, manifesting some natural impatience. + +—And welcome, answered the elderly party thus addressed. + +The sailor lugged out from a case he had a pair of greenish goggles +which he very slowly hooked over his nose and both ears. + +—Are you bad in the eyes? the sympathetic personage like the townclerk +queried. + +—Why, answered the seafarer with the tartan beard, who seemingly was a +bit of a literary cove in his own small way, staring out of seagreen +portholes as you might well describe them as, I uses goggles reading. +Sand in the Red Sea done that. One time I could read a book in the +dark, manner of speaking. _The Arabian Nights Entertainment_ was my +favourite and _Red as a Rose is She._ + +Hereupon he pawed the journal open and pored upon Lord only knows what, +found drowned or the exploits of King Willow, Iremonger having made a +hundred and something second wicket not out for Notts, during which +time (completely regardless of Ire) the keeper was intensely occupied +loosening an apparently new or secondhand boot which manifestly pinched +him as he muttered against whoever it was sold it, all of them who were +sufficiently awake enough to be picked out by their facial expressions, +that is to say, either simply looking on glumly or passing a trivial +remark. + +To cut a long story short Bloom, grasping the situation, was the first +to rise from his seat so as not to outstay their welcome having first +and foremost, being as good as his word that he would foot the bill for +the occasion, taken the wise precaution to unobtrusively motion to mine +host as a parting shot a scarcely perceptible sign when the others were +not looking to the effect that the amount due was forthcoming, making a +grand total of fourpence (the amount he deposited unobtrusively in four +coppers, literally the last of the Mohicans), he having previously +spotted on the printed pricelist for all who ran to read opposite him +in unmistakable figures, coffee 2d, confectionery do, and honestly well +worth twice the money once in a way, as Wetherup used to remark. + +—Come, he counselled to close the _séance_. + +Seeing that the ruse worked and the coast was clear they left the +shelter or shanty together and the _élite_ society of oilskin and +company whom nothing short of an earthquake would move out of their +_dolce far niente_. Stephen, who confessed to still feeling poorly and +fagged out, paused at the, for a moment, the door. + +—One thing I never understood, he said to be original on the spur of +the moment. Why they put tables upside down at night, I mean chairs +upside down, on the tables in cafés. To which impromptu the +neverfailing Bloom replied without a moment’s hesitation, saying +straight off: + +—To sweep the floor in the morning. + +So saying he skipped around, nimbly considering, frankly at the same +time apologetic to get on his companion’s right, a habit of his, by the +bye, his right side being, in classical idiom, his tender Achilles. The +night air was certainly now a treat to breathe though Stephen was a bit +weak on his pins. + +—It will (the air) do you good, Bloom said, meaning also the walk, in a +moment. The only thing is to walk then you’ll feel a different man. +Come. It’s not far. Lean on me. + +Accordingly he passed his left arm in Stephen’s right and led him on +accordingly. + +—Yes, Stephen said uncertainly because he thought he felt a strange +kind of flesh of a different man approach him, sinewless and wobbly and +all that. + +Anyhow they passed the sentrybox with stones, brazier etc. where the +municipal supernumerary, ex Gumley, was still to all intents and +purposes wrapped in the arms of Murphy, as the adage has it, dreaming +of fresh fields and pastures new. And _apropos_ of coffin of stones the +analogy was not at all bad as it was in fact a stoning to death on the +part of seventytwo out of eighty odd constituencies that ratted at the +time of the split and chiefly the belauded peasant class, probably the +selfsame evicted tenants he had put in their holdings. + +So they turned on to chatting about music, a form of art for which +Bloom, as a pure amateur, possessed the greatest love, as they made +tracks arm in arm across Beresford place. Wagnerian music, though +confessedly grand in its way, was a bit too heavy for Bloom and hard to +follow at the first go-off but the music of Mercadante’s _Huguenots_, +Meyerbeer’s _Seven Last Words on the Cross_ and Mozart’s _Twelfth Mass_ +he simply revelled in, the _Gloria_ in that being, to his mind, the +acme of first class music as such, literally knocking everything else +into a cocked hat. He infinitely preferred the sacred music of the +catholic church to anything the opposite shop could offer in that line +such as those Moody and Sankey hymns or _Bid me to live and I will live +thy protestant to be_. He also yielded to none in his admiration of +Rossini’s _Stabat Mater_, a work simply abounding in immortal numbers, +in which his wife, Madam Marion Tweedy, made a hit, a veritable +sensation, he might safely say, greatly adding to her other laurels and +putting the others totally in the shade, in the jesuit fathers’ church +in upper Gardiner street, the sacred edifice being thronged to the +doors to hear her with virtuosos, or _virtuosi_ rather. There was the +unanimous opinion that there was none to come up to her and suffice it +to say in a place of worship for music of a sacred character there was +a generally voiced desire for an encore. On the whole though favouring +preferably light opera of the _Don Giovanni_ description and _Martha_, +a gem in its line, he had a _penchant_, though with only a surface +knowledge, for the severe classical school such as Mendelssohn. And +talking of that, taking it for granted he knew all about the old +favourites, he mentioned _par excellence_ Lionel’s air in _Martha, +M’appari_, which, curiously enough, he had heard or overheard, to be +more accurate, on yesterday, a privilege he keenly appreciated, from +the lips of Stephen’s respected father, sung to perfection, a study of +the number, in fact, which made all the others take a back seat. +Stephen, in reply to a politely put query, said he didn’t sing it but +launched out into praises of Shakespeare’s songs, at least of in or +about that period, the lutenist Dowland who lived in Fetter lane near +Gerard the herbalist, who _anno ludendo hausi, Doulandus_, an +instrument he was contemplating purchasing from Mr Arnold Dolmetsch, +whom B. did not quite recall though the name certainly sounded +familiar, for sixtyfive guineas and Farnaby and son with their _dux_ +and _comes_ conceits and Byrd (William) who played the virginals, he +said, in the Queen’s chapel or anywhere else he found them and one +Tomkins who made toys or airs and John Bull. + +On the roadway which they were approaching whilst still speaking beyond +the swingchains a horse, dragging a sweeper, paced on the paven ground, +brushing a long swathe of mire up so that with the noise Bloom was not +perfectly certain whether he had caught aright the allusion to +sixtyfive guineas and John Bull. He inquired if it was John Bull the +political celebrity of that ilk, as it struck him, the two identical +names, as a striking coincidence. + +By the chains the horse slowly swerved to turn, which perceiving, +Bloom, who was keeping a sharp lookout as usual, plucked the other’s +sleeve gently, jocosely remarking: + +—Our lives are in peril tonight. Beware of the steamroller. + +They thereupon stopped. Bloom looked at the head of a horse not worth +anything like sixtyfive guineas, suddenly in evidence in the dark quite +near so that it seemed new, a different grouping of bones and even +flesh because palpably it was a fourwalker, a hipshaker, a +blackbuttocker, a taildangler, a headhanger putting his hind foot +foremost the while the lord of his creation sat on the perch, busy with +his thoughts. But such a good poor brute he was sorry he hadn’t a lump +of sugar but, as he wisely reflected, you could scarcely be prepared +for every emergency that might crop up. He was just a big nervous +foolish noodly kind of a horse, without a second care in the world. But +even a dog, he reflected, take that mongrel in Barney Kiernan’s, of the +same size, would be a holy horror to face. But it was no animal’s fault +in particular if he was built that way like the camel, ship of the +desert, distilling grapes into potheen in his hump. Nine tenths of them +all could be caged or trained, nothing beyond the art of man barring +the bees. Whale with a harpoon hairpin, alligator tickle the small of +his back and he sees the joke, chalk a circle for a rooster, tiger my +eagle eye. These timely reflections anent the brutes of the field +occupied his mind somewhat distracted from Stephen’s words while the +ship of the street was manœuvring and Stephen went on about the highly +interesting old. + +—What’s this I was saying? Ah, yes! My wife, he intimated, plunging _in +medias res_, would have the greatest of pleasure in making your +acquaintance as she is passionately attached to music of any kind. + +He looked sideways in a friendly fashion at the sideface of Stephen, +image of his mother, which was not quite the same as the usual handsome +blackguard type they unquestionably had an insatiable hankering after +as he was perhaps not that way built. + +Still, supposing he had his father’s gift as he more than suspected, it +opened up new vistas in his mind such as Lady Fingall’s Irish +industries, concert on the preceding Monday, and aristocracy in +general. + +Exquisite variations he was now describing on an air _Youth here has +End_ by Jans Pieter Sweelinck, a Dutchman of Amsterdam where the frows +come from. Even more he liked an old German song of _Johannes Jeep_ +about the clear sea and the voices of sirens, sweet murderers of men, +which boggled Bloom a bit: + + Von der Sirenen Listigkeit + Tun die Poeten dichten. + +These opening bars he sang and translated _extempore_. Bloom, nodding, +said he perfectly understood and begged him to go on by all means which +he did. + +A phenomenally beautiful tenor voice like that, the rarest of boons, +which Bloom appreciated at the very first note he got out, could +easily, if properly handled by some recognised authority on voice +production such as Barraclough and being able to read music into the +bargain, command its own price where baritones were ten a penny and +procure for its fortunate possessor in the near future an _entrée_ into +fashionable houses in the best residential quarters of financial +magnates in a large way of business and titled people where with his +university degree of B. A. (a huge ad in its way) and gentlemanly +bearing to all the more influence the good impression he would +infallibly score a distinct success, being blessed with brains which +also could be utilised for the purpose and other requisites, if his +clothes were properly attended to so as to the better worm his way into +their good graces as he, a youthful tyro in society’s sartorial +niceties, hardly understood how a little thing like that could militate +against you. It was in fact only a matter of months and he could easily +foresee him participating in their musical and artistic +_conversaziones_ during the festivities of the Christmas season, for +choice, causing a slight flutter in the dovecotes of the fair sex and +being made a lot of by ladies out for sensation, cases of which, as he +happened to know, were on record—in fact, without giving the show away, +he himself once upon a time, if he cared to, could easily have. Added +to which of course would be the pecuniary emolument by no means to be +sneezed at, going hand in hand with his tuition fees. Not, he +parenthesised, that for the sake of filthy lucre he need necessarily +embrace the lyric platform as a walk in life for any lengthy space of +time. But a step in the required direction it was beyond yea or nay and +both monetarily and mentally it contained no reflection on his dignity +in the smallest and it often turned in uncommonly handy to be handed a +cheque at a muchneeded moment when every little helped. Besides, though +taste latterly had deteriorated to a degree, original music like that, +different from the conventional rut, would rapidly have a great vogue +as it would be a decided novelty for Dublin’s musical world after the +usual hackneyed run of catchy tenor solos foisted on a confiding public +by Ivan St Austell and Hilton St Just and their _genus omne_. Yes, +beyond a shadow of a doubt he could with all the cards in his hand and +he had a capital opening to make a name for himself and win a high +place in the city’s esteem where he could command a stiff figure and, +booking ahead, give a grand concert for the patrons of the King street +house, given a backerup, if one were forthcoming to kick him upstairs, +so to speak, a big _if_, however, with some impetus of the goahead sort +to obviate the inevitable procrastination which often tripped up a too +much fêted prince of good fellows. And it need not detract from the +other by one iota as, being his own master, he would have heaps of time +to practise literature in his spare moments when desirous of so doing +without its clashing with his vocal career or containing anything +derogatory whatsoever as it was a matter for himself alone. In fact, he +had the ball at his feet and that was the very reason why the other, +possessed of a remarkably sharp nose for smelling a rat of any sort, +hung on to him at all. + +The horse was just then. And later on at a propitious opportunity he +purposed (Bloom did), without anyway prying into his private affairs on +the _fools step in where angels_ principle, advising him to sever his +connection with a certain budding practitioner who, he noticed, was +prone to disparage and even to a slight extent with some hilarious +pretext when not present, deprecate him, or whatever you like to call +it which in Bloom’s humble opinion threw a nasty sidelight on that side +of a person’s character, no pun intended. + +The horse having reached the end of his tether, so to speak, halted +and, rearing high a proud feathering tail, added his quota by letting +fall on the floor which the brush would soon brush up and polish, three +smoking globes of turds. Slowly three times, one after another, from a +full crupper he mired. And humanely his driver waited till he (or she) +had ended, patient in his scythed car. + +Side by side Bloom, profiting by the _contretemps_, with Stephen passed +through the gap of the chains, divided by the upright, and, stepping +over a strand of mire, went across towards Gardiner street lower, +Stephen singing more boldly, but not loudly, the end of the ballad. + + Und alle Schiffe brücken. + +The driver never said a word, good, bad or indifferent, but merely +watched the two figures, as he sat on his lowbacked car, both black, +one full, one lean, walk towards the railway bridge, _to be married by +Father Maher_. As they walked they at times stopped and walked again +continuing their _tête à tête_ (which, of course, he was utterly out +of) about sirens, enemies of man’s reason, mingled with a number of +other topics of the same category, usurpers, historical cases of the +kind while the man in the sweeper car or you might as well call it in +the sleeper car who in any case couldn’t possibly hear because they +were too far simply sat in his seat near the end of lower Gardiner +street _and looked after their lowbacked car_. + + + + +[ 17 ] + + +What parallel courses did Bloom and Stephen follow returning? + +Starting united both at normal walking pace from Beresford place they +followed in the order named Lower and Middle Gardiner streets and +Mountjoy square, west: then, at reduced pace, each bearing left, +Gardiner’s place by an inadvertence as far as the farther corner of +Temple street: then, at reduced pace with interruptions of halt, +bearing right, Temple street, north, as far as Hardwicke place. +Approaching, disparate, at relaxed walking pace they crossed both the +circus before George’s church diametrically, the chord in any circle +being less than the arc which it subtends. + +Of what did the duumvirate deliberate during their itinerary? + +Music, literature, Ireland, Dublin, Paris, friendship, woman, +prostitution, diet, the influence of gaslight or the light of arc and +glowlamps on the growth of adjoining paraheliotropic trees, exposed +corporation emergency dustbuckets, the Roman catholic church, +ecclesiastical celibacy, the Irish nation, jesuit education, careers, +the study of medicine, the past day, the maleficent influence of the +presabbath, Stephen’s collapse. + +Did Bloom discover common factors of similarity between their +respective like and unlike reactions to experience? + +Both were sensitive to artistic impressions, musical in preference to +plastic or pictorial. Both preferred a continental to an insular manner +of life, a cisatlantic to a transatlantic place of residence. Both +indurated by early domestic training and an inherited tenacity of +heterodox resistance professed their disbelief in many orthodox +religious, national, social and ethical doctrines. Both admitted the +alternately stimulating and obtunding influence of heterosexual +magnetism. + +Were their views on some points divergent? + +Stephen dissented openly from Bloom’s views on the importance of +dietary and civic selfhelp while Bloom dissented tacitly from Stephen’s +views on the eternal affirmation of the spirit of man in literature. +Bloom assented covertly to Stephen’s rectification of the anachronism +involved in assigning the date of the conversion of the Irish nation to +christianity from druidism by Patrick son of Calpornus, son of Potitus, +son of Odyssus, sent by pope Celestine I in the year 432 in the reign +of Leary to the year 260 or thereabouts in the reign of Cormac MacArt +(† 266 A.D.), suffocated by imperfect deglutition of aliment at Sletty +and interred at Rossnaree. The collapse which Bloom ascribed to gastric +inanition and certain chemical compounds of varying degrees of +adulteration and alcoholic strength, accelerated by mental exertion and +the velocity of rapid circular motion in a relaxing atmosphere, Stephen +attributed to the reapparition of a matutinal cloud (perceived by both +from two different points of observation Sandycove and Dublin) at first +no bigger than a woman’s hand. + +Was there one point on which their views were equal and negative? + +The influence of gaslight or electric light on the growth of adjoining +paraheliotropic trees. + +Had Bloom discussed similar subjects during nocturnal perambulations in +the past? + +In 1884 with Owen Goldberg and Cecil Turnbull at night on public +thoroughfares between Longwood avenue and Leonard’s corner and +Leonard’s corner and Synge street and Synge street and Bloomfield +avenue. In 1885 with Percy Apjohn in the evenings, reclined against the +wall between Gibraltar villa and Bloomfield house in Crumlin, barony of +Uppercross. In 1886 occasionally with casual acquaintances and +prospective purchasers on doorsteps, in front parlours, in third class +railway carriages of suburban lines. In 1888 frequently with major +Brian Tweedy and his daughter Miss Marion Tweedy, together and +separately on the lounge in Matthew Dillon’s house in Roundtown. Once +in 1892 and once in 1893 with Julius (Juda) Mastiansky, on both +occasions in the parlour of his (Bloom’s) house in Lombard street, +west. + +What reflection concerning the irregular sequence of dates 1884, 1885, +1886, 1888, 1892, 1893, 1904 did Bloom make before their arrival at +their destination? + +He reflected that the progressive extension of the field of individual +development and experience was regressively accompanied by a +restriction of the converse domain of interindividual relations. + +As in what ways? + +From inexistence to existence he came to many and was as one received: +existence with existence he was with any as any with any: from +existence to nonexistence gone he would be by all as none perceived. + +What act did Bloom make on their arrival at their destination? + +At the housesteps of the 4th of the equidifferent uneven numbers, +number 7 Eccles street, he inserted his hand mechanically into the back +pocket of his trousers to obtain his latchkey. + +Was it there? + +It was in the corresponding pocket of the trousers which he had worn on +the day but one preceding. + +Why was he doubly irritated? + +Because he had forgotten and because he remembered that he had reminded +himself twice not to forget. + +What were then the alternatives before the, premeditatedly +(respectively) and inadvertently, keyless couple? + +To enter or not to enter. To knock or not to knock. + +Bloom’s decision? + +A stratagem. Resting his feet on the dwarf wall, he climbed over the +area railings, compressed his hat on his head, grasped two points at +the lower union of rails and stiles, lowered his body gradually by its +length of five feet nine inches and a half to within two feet ten +inches of the area pavement and allowed his body to move freely in +space by separating himself from the railings and crouching in +preparation for the impact of the fall. + +Did he fall? + +By his body’s known weight of eleven stone and four pounds in +avoirdupois measure, as certified by the graduated machine for +periodical selfweighing in the premises of Francis Froedman, +pharmaceutical chemist of 19 Frederick street, north, on the last feast +of the Ascension, to wit, the twelfth day of May of the bissextile year +one thousand nine hundred and four of the christian era (jewish era +five thousand six hundred and sixtyfour, mohammadan era one thousand +three hundred and twentytwo), golden number 5, epact 13, solar cycle 9, +dominical letters C B, Roman indiction 2, Julian period 6617, MCMIV. + +Did he rise uninjured by concussion? + +Regaining new stable equilibrium he rose uninjured though concussed by +the impact, raised the latch of the area door by the exertion of force +at its freely moving flange and by leverage of the first kind applied +at its fulcrum, gained retarded access to the kitchen through the +subadjacent scullery, ignited a lucifer match by friction, set free +inflammable coal gas by turning on the ventcock, lit a high flame +which, by regulating, he reduced to quiescent candescence and lit +finally a portable candle. + +What discrete succession of images did Stephen meanwhile perceive? + +Reclined against the area railings he perceived through the transparent +kitchen panes a man regulating a gasflame of 14 CP, a man lighting a +candle of 1 CP, a man removing in turn each of his two boots, a man +leaving the kitchen holding a candle. + +Did the man reappear elsewhere? + +After a lapse of four minutes the glimmer of his candle was discernible +through the semitransparent semicircular glass fanlight over the +halldoor. The halldoor turned gradually on its hinges. In the open +space of the doorway the man reappeared without his hat, with his +candle. + +Did Stephen obey his sign? + +Yes, entering softly, he helped to close and chain the door and +followed softly along the hallway the man’s back and listed feet and +lighted candle past a lighted crevice of doorway on the left and +carefully down a turning staircase of more than five steps into the +kitchen of Bloom’s house. + +What did Bloom do? + +He extinguished the candle by a sharp expiration of breath upon its +flame, drew two spoonseat deal chairs to the hearthstone, one for +Stephen with its back to the area window, the other for himself when +necessary, knelt on one knee, composed in the grate a pyre of crosslaid +resintipped sticks and various coloured papers and irregular polygons +of best Abram coal at twentyone shillings a ton from the yard of Messrs +Flower and M’Donald of 14 D’Olier street, kindled it at three +projecting points of paper with one ignited lucifer match, thereby +releasing the potential energy contained in the fuel by allowing its +carbon and hydrogen elements to enter into free union with the oxygen +of the air. + +Of what similar apparitions did Stephen think? + +Of others elsewhere in other times who, kneeling on one knee or on two, +had kindled fires for him, of Brother Michael in the infirmary of the +college of the Society of Jesus at Clongowes Wood, Sallins, in the +county of Kildare: of his father, Simon Dedalus, in an unfurnished room +of his first residence in Dublin, number thirteen Fitzgibbon street: of +his godmother Miss Kate Morkan in the house of her dying sister Miss +Julia Morkan at 15 Usher’s Island: of his aunt Sara, wife of Richie +(Richard) Goulding, in the kitchen of their lodgings at 62 Clanbrassil +street: of his mother Mary, wife of Simon Dedalus, in the kitchen of +number twelve North Richmond street on the morning of the feast of +Saint Francis Xavier 1898: of the dean of studies, Father Butt, in the +physics’ theatre of university College, 16 Stephen’s Green, north: of +his sister Dilly (Delia) in his father’s house in Cabra. + +What did Stephen see on raising his gaze to the height of a yard from +the fire towards the opposite wall? + +Under a row of five coiled spring housebells a curvilinear rope, +stretched between two holdfasts athwart across the recess beside the +chimney pier, from which hung four smallsized square handkerchiefs +folded unattached consecutively in adjacent rectangles and one pair of +ladies’ grey hose with Lisle suspender tops and feet in their habitual +position clamped by three erect wooden pegs two at their outer +extremities and the third at their point of junction. + +What did Bloom see on the range? + +On the right (smaller) hob a blue enamelled saucepan: on the left +(larger) hob a black iron kettle. + +What did Bloom do at the range? + +He removed the saucepan to the left hob, rose and carried the iron +kettle to the sink in order to tap the current by turning the faucet to +let it flow. + +Did it flow? + +Yes. From Roundwood reservoir in county Wicklow of a cubic capacity of +2400 million gallons, percolating through a subterranean aqueduct of +filter mains of single and double pipeage constructed at an initial +plant cost of £ 5 per linear yard by way of the Dargle, Rathdown, Glen +of the Downs and Callowhill to the 26 acre reservoir at Stillorgan, a +distance of 22 statute miles, and thence, through a system of relieving +tanks, by a gradient of 250 feet to the city boundary at Eustace +bridge, upper Leeson street, though from prolonged summer drouth and +daily supply of 12 1/2 million gallons the water had fallen below the +sill of the overflow weir for which reason the borough surveyor and +waterworks engineer, Mr Spencer Harty, C. E., on the instructions of +the waterworks committee had prohibited the use of municipal water for +purposes other than those of consumption (envisaging the possibility of +recourse being had to the impotable water of the Grand and Royal canals +as in 1893) particularly as the South Dublin Guardians, notwithstanding +their ration of 15 gallons per day per pauper supplied through a 6 inch +meter, had been convicted of a wastage of 20,000 gallons per night by a +reading of their meter on the affirmation of the law agent of the +corporation, Mr Ignatius Rice, solicitor, thereby acting to the +detriment of another section of the public, selfsupporting taxpayers, +solvent, sound. + +What in water did Bloom, waterlover, drawer of water, watercarrier, +returning to the range, admire? + +Its universality: its democratic equality and constancy to its nature +in seeking its own level: its vastness in the ocean of Mercator’s +projection: its unplumbed profundity in the Sundam trench of the +Pacific exceeding 8000 fathoms: the restlessness of its waves and +surface particles visiting in turn all points of its seaboard: the +independence of its units: the variability of states of sea: its +hydrostatic quiescence in calm: its hydrokinetic turgidity in neap and +spring tides: its subsidence after devastation: its sterility in the +circumpolar icecaps, arctic and antarctic: its climatic and commercial +significance: its preponderance of 3 to 1 over the dry land of the +globe: its indisputable hegemony extending in square leagues over all +the region below the subequatorial tropic of Capricorn: the +multisecular stability of its primeval basin: its luteofulvous bed: its +capacity to dissolve and hold in solution all soluble substances +including millions of tons of the most precious metals: its slow +erosions of peninsulas and islands, its persistent formation of +homothetic islands, peninsulas and downwardtending promontories: its +alluvial deposits: its weight and volume and density: its +imperturbability in lagoons and highland tarns: its gradation of +colours in the torrid and temperate and frigid zones: its vehicular +ramifications in continental lakecontained streams and confluent +oceanflowing rivers with their tributaries and transoceanic currents, +gulfstream, north and south equatorial courses: its violence in +seaquakes, waterspouts, Artesian wells, eruptions, torrents, eddies, +freshets, spates, groundswells, watersheds, waterpartings, geysers, +cataracts, whirlpools, maelstroms, inundations, deluges, cloudbursts: +its vast circumterrestrial ahorizontal curve: its secrecy in springs +and latent humidity, revealed by rhabdomantic or hygrometric +instruments and exemplified by the well by the hole in the wall at +Ashtown gate, saturation of air, distillation of dew: the simplicity of +its composition, two constituent parts of hydrogen with one constituent +part of oxygen: its healing virtues: its buoyancy in the waters of the +Dead Sea: its persevering penetrativeness in runnels, gullies, +inadequate dams, leaks on shipboard: its properties for cleansing, +quenching thirst and fire, nourishing vegetation: its infallibility as +paradigm and paragon: its metamorphoses as vapour, mist, cloud, rain, +sleet, snow, hail: its strength in rigid hydrants: its variety of forms +in loughs and bays and gulfs and bights and guts and lagoons and atolls +and archipelagos and sounds and fjords and minches and tidal estuaries +and arms of sea: its solidity in glaciers, icebergs, icefloes: its +docility in working hydraulic millwheels, turbines, dynamos, electric +power stations, bleachworks, tanneries, scutchmills: its utility in +canals, rivers, if navigable, floating and graving docks: its +potentiality derivable from harnessed tides or watercourses falling +from level to level: its submarine fauna and flora (anacoustic, +photophobe), numerically, if not literally, the inhabitants of the +globe: its ubiquity as constituting 90 +% of the human body: the noxiousness of its effluvia in lacustrine +% marshes, +pestilential fens, faded flowerwater, stagnant pools in the waning +moon. + +Having set the halffilled kettle on the now burning coals, why did he +return to the stillflowing tap? + +To wash his soiled hands with a partially consumed tablet of +Barrington’s lemonflavoured soap, to which paper still adhered, (bought +thirteen hours previously for fourpence and still unpaid for), in fresh +cold neverchanging everchanging water and dry them, face and hands, in +a long redbordered holland cloth passed over a wooden revolving roller. + +What reason did Stephen give for declining Bloom’s offer? + +That he was hydrophobe, hating partial contact by immersion or total by +submersion in cold water, (his last bath having taken place in the +month of October of the preceding year), disliking the aqueous +substances of glass and crystal, distrusting aquacities of thought and +language. + +What impeded Bloom from giving Stephen counsels of hygiene and +prophylactic to which should be added suggestions concerning a +preliminary wetting of the head and contraction of the muscles with +rapid splashing of the face and neck and thoracic and epigastric region +in case of sea or river bathing, the parts of the human anatomy most +sensitive to cold being the nape, stomach and thenar or sole of foot? + +The incompatibility of aquacity with the erratic originality of genius. + +What additional didactic counsels did he similarly repress? + +Dietary: concerning the respective percentage of protein and caloric +energy in bacon, salt ling and butter, the absence of the former in the +lastnamed and the abundance of the latter in the firstnamed. + +Which seemed to the host to be the predominant qualities of his guest? + +Confidence in himself, an equal and opposite power of abandonment and +recuperation. + +What concomitant phenomenon took place in the vessel of liquid by the +agency of fire? + +The phenomenon of ebullition. Fanned by a constant updraught of +ventilation between the kitchen and the chimneyflue, ignition was +communicated from the faggots of precombustible fuel to polyhedral +masses of bituminous coal, containing in compressed mineral form the +foliated fossilised decidua of primeval forests which had in turn +derived their vegetative existence from the sun, primal source of heat +(radiant), transmitted through omnipresent luminiferous diathermanous +ether. Heat (convected), a mode of motion developed by such combustion, +was constantly and increasingly conveyed from the source of +calorification to the liquid contained in the vessel, being radiated +through the uneven unpolished dark surface of the metal iron, in part +reflected, in part absorbed, in part transmitted, gradually raising the +temperature of the water from normal to boiling point, a rise in +temperature expressible as the result of an expenditure of 72 thermal +units needed to raise 1 pound of water from 50° to 212° Fahrenheit. + +What announced the accomplishment of this rise in temperature? + +A double falciform ejection of water vapour from under the kettlelid at +both sides simultaneously. + +For what personal purpose could Bloom have applied the water so boiled? + +To shave himself. + +What advantages attended shaving by night? + +A softer beard: a softer brush if intentionally allowed to remain from +shave to shave in its agglutinated lather: a softer skin if +unexpectedly encountering female acquaintances in remote places at +incustomary hours: quiet reflections upon the course of the day: a +cleaner sensation when awaking after a fresher sleep since matutinal +noises, premonitions and perturbations, a clattered milkcan, a +postman’s double knock, a paper read, reread while lathering, +relathering the same spot, a shock, a shoot, with thought of aught he +sought though fraught with nought might cause a faster rate of shaving +and a nick on which incision plaster with precision cut and humected +and applied adhered: which was to be done. + +Why did absence of light disturb him less than presence of noise? + +Because of the surety of the sense of touch in his firm full masculine +feminine passive active hand. + +What quality did it (his hand) possess but with what counteracting +influence? + +The operative surgical quality but that he was reluctant to shed human +blood even when the end justified the means, preferring, in their +natural order, heliotherapy, psychophysicotherapeutics, osteopathic +surgery. + +What lay under exposure on the lower, middle and upper shelves of the +kitchen dresser, opened by Bloom? + +On the lower shelf five vertical breakfast plates, six horizontal +breakfast saucers on which rested inverted breakfast cups, a +moustachecup, uninverted, and saucer of Crown Derby, four white +goldrimmed eggcups, an open shammy purse displaying coins, mostly +copper, and a phial of aromatic (violet) comfits. On the middle shelf a +chipped eggcup containing pepper, a drum of table salt, four +conglomerated black olives in oleaginous paper, an empty pot of +Plumtree’s potted meat, an oval wicker basket bedded with fibre and +containing one Jersey pear, a halfempty bottle of William Gilbey and +Co’s white invalid port, half disrobed of its swathe of coralpink +tissue paper, a packet of Epps’s soluble cocoa, five ounces of Anne +Lynch’s choice tea at 2/- per lb in a crinkled leadpaper bag, a +cylindrical canister containing the best crystallised lump sugar, two +onions, one, the larger, Spanish, entire, the other, smaller, Irish, +bisected with augmented surface and more redolent, a jar of Irish Model +Dairy’s cream, a jug of brown crockery containing a naggin and a +quarter of soured adulterated milk, converted by heat into water, +acidulous serum and semisolidified curds, which added to the quantity +subtracted for Mr Bloom’s and Mrs Fleming’s breakfasts, made one +imperial pint, the total quantity originally delivered, two cloves, a +halfpenny and a small dish containing a slice of fresh ribsteak. On the +upper shelf a battery of jamjars (empty) of various sizes and +proveniences. + +What attracted his attention lying on the apron of the dresser? + +Four polygonal fragments of two lacerated scarlet betting tickets, +numbered 8 87, 88 6. + +What reminiscences temporarily corrugated his brow? + +Reminiscences of coincidences, truth stranger than fiction, +preindicative of the result of the Gold Cup flat handicap, the official +and definitive result of which he had read in the _Evening Telegraph_, +late pink edition, in the cabman’s shelter, at Butt bridge. + +Where had previous intimations of the result, effected or projected, +been received by him? + +In Bernard Kiernan’s licensed premises 8, 9 and 10 little Britain +street: in David Byrne’s licensed premises, 14 Duke street: in +O’Connell street lower, outside Graham Lemon’s when a dark man had +placed in his hand a throwaway (subsequently thrown away), advertising +Elijah, restorer of the church in Zion: in Lincoln place outside the +premises of F. W. Sweny and Co (Limited), dispensing chemists, when, +when Frederick M. (Bantam) Lyons had rapidly and successively +requested, perused and restituted the copy of the current issue of the +_Freeman’s Journal_ and _National Press_ which he had been about to +throw away (subsequently thrown away), he had proceeded towards the +oriental edifice of the Turkish and Warm Baths, 11 Leinster street, +with the light of inspiration shining in his countenance and bearing in +his arms the secret of the race, graven in the language of prediction. + +What qualifying considerations allayed his perturbations? + +The difficulties of interpretation since the significance of any event +followed its occurrence as variably as the acoustic report followed the +electrical discharge and of counterestimating against an actual loss by +failure to interpret the total sum of possible losses proceeding +originally from a successful interpretation. + +His mood? + +He had not risked, he did not expect, he had not been disappointed, he +was satisfied. + +What satisfied him? + +To have sustained no positive loss. To have brought a positive gain to +others. Light to the gentiles. + +How did Bloom prepare a collation for a gentile? + +He poured into two teacups two level spoonfuls, four in all, of Epps’s +soluble cocoa and proceeded according to the directions for use printed +on the label, to each adding after sufficient time for infusion the +prescribed ingredients for diffusion in the manner and in the quantity +prescribed. + +What supererogatory marks of special hospitality did the host show his +guest? + +Relinquishing his symposiarchal right to the moustache cup of imitation +Crown Derby presented to him by his only daughter, Millicent (Milly), +he substituted a cup identical with that of his guest and served +extraordinarily to his guest and, in reduced measure, to himself the +viscous cream ordinarily reserved for the breakfast of his wife Marion +(Molly). + +Was the guest conscious of and did he acknowledge these marks of +hospitality? + +His attention was directed to them by his host jocosely, and he +accepted them seriously as they drank in jocoserious silence Epps’s +massproduct, the creature cocoa. + +Were there marks of hospitality which he contemplated but suppressed, +reserving them for another and for himself on future occasions to +complete the act begun? + +The reparation of a fissure of the length of 1 1/2 inches in the right +side of his guest’s jacket. A gift to his guest of one of the four +lady’s handkerchiefs, if and when ascertained to be in a presentable +condition. + +Who drank more quickly? + +Bloom, having the advantage of ten seconds at the initiation and +taking, from the concave surface of a spoon along the handle of which a +steady flow of heat was conducted, three sips to his opponent’s one, +six to two, nine to three. + +What cerebration accompanied his frequentative act? + +Concluding by inspection but erroneously that his silent companion was +engaged in mental composition he reflected on the pleasures derived +from literature of instruction rather than of amusement as he himself +had applied to the works of William Shakespeare more than once for the +solution of difficult problems in imaginary or real life. + +Had he found their solution? + +In spite of careful and repeated reading of certain classical passages, +aided by a glossary, he had derived imperfect conviction from the text, +the answers not bearing in all points. + +What lines concluded his first piece of original verse written by him, +potential poet, at the age of 11 in 1877 on the occasion of the +offering of three prizes of 10/-, 5/- and 2/6 respectively for +competition by the _Shamrock_, a weekly newspaper? + + An ambition to squint + At my verses in print + Makes me hope that for these you’ll find room. + If you so condescend + Then please place at the end + The name of yours truly, L. Bloom. + +Did he find four separating forces between his temporary guest and him? + +Name, age, race, creed. + +What anagrams had he made on his name in youth? + +Leopold Bloom +Ellpodbomool +Molldopeloob +Bollopedoom +Old Ollebo, M. P. + +What acrostic upon the abbreviation of his first name had he (kinetic +poet) sent to Miss Marion (Molly) Tweedy on the 14 February 1888? + + Poets oft have sung in rhyme + Of music sweet their praise divine. + Let them hymn it nine times nine. + Dearer far than song or wine. + You are mine. The world is mine. + +What had prevented him from completing a topical song (music by R. G. +Johnston) on the events of the past, or fixtures for the actual, years, +entitled _If Brian Boru could but come back and see old Dublin now_, +commissioned by Michael Gunn, lessee of the Gaiety Theatre, 46, 47, 48, +49 South King street, and to be introduced into the sixth scene, the +valley of diamonds, of the second edition (30 January 1893) of the +grand annual Christmas pantomime _Sinbad the Sailor_ (produced by R. +Shelton 26 December 1892, written by Greenleaf Whittier, scenery by +George A. Jackson and Cecil Hicks, costumes by Mrs and Miss Whelan +under the personal supervision of Mrs Michael Gunn, ballets by Jessie +Noir, harlequinade by Thomas Otto) and sung by Nelly Bouverist, +principal girl? + +Firstly, oscillation between events of imperial and of local interest, +the anticipated diamond jubilee of Queen Victoria (born 1820, acceded +1837) and the posticipated opening of the new municipal fish market: +secondly, apprehension of opposition from extreme circles on the +questions of the respective visits of Their Royal Highnesses the duke +and duchess of York (real) and of His Majesty King Brian Boru +(imaginary): thirdly, a conflict between professional etiquette and +professional emulation concerning the recent erections of the Grand +Lyric Hall on Burgh Quay and the Theatre Royal in Hawkins street: +fourthly, distraction resultant from compassion for Nelly Bouverist’s +non-intellectual, non-political, non-topical expression of countenance +and concupiscence caused by Nelly Bouverist’s revelations of white +articles of non-intellectual, non-political, non-topical underclothing +while she (Nelly Bouverist) was in the articles: fifthly, the +difficulties of the selection of appropriate music and humorous +allusions from _Everybody’s Book of Jokes_ (1000 pages and a laugh in +every one): sixthly, the rhymes, homophonous and cacophonous, +associated with the names of the new lord mayor, Daniel Tallon, the new +high sheriff, Thomas Pile and the new solicitorgeneral, Dunbar Plunket +Barton. + +What relation existed between their ages? + +16 years before in 1888 when Bloom was of Stephen’s present age Stephen +was 6. 16 years after in 1920 when Stephen would be of Bloom’s present +age Bloom would be 54. In 1936 when Bloom would be 70 and Stephen 54 +their ages initially in the ratio of 16 to 0 would be as 17 1/2 to 13 +1/2, the proportion increasing and the disparity diminishing according +as arbitrary future years were added, for if the proportion existing in +1883 had continued immutable, conceiving that to be possible, till then +1904 when Stephen was 22 Bloom would be 374 and in 1920 when Stephen +would be 38, as Bloom then was, Bloom would be 646 while in 1952 when +Stephen would have attained the maximum postdiluvian age of 70 Bloom, +being 1190 years alive having been born in the year 714, would have +surpassed by 221 years the maximum antediluvian age, that of +Methusalah, 969 years, while, if Stephen would continue to live until +he would attain that age in the year 3072 A.D., Bloom would have been +obliged to have been alive 83,300 years, having been obliged to have +been born in the year 81,396 B.C. + +What events might nullify these calculations? + +The cessation of existence of both or either, the inauguration of a new +era or calendar, the annihilation of the world and consequent +extermination of the human species, inevitable but impredictable. + +How many previous encounters proved their preexisting acquaintance? + +Two. The first in the lilacgarden of Matthew Dillon’s house, Medina +Villa, Kimmage road, Roundtown, in 1887, in the company of Stephen’s +mother, Stephen being then of the age of 5 and reluctant to give his +hand in salutation. The second in the coffeeroom of Breslin’s hotel on +a rainy Sunday in the January of 1892, in the company of Stephen’s +father and Stephen’s granduncle, Stephen being then 5 years older. + +Did Bloom accept the invitation to dinner given then by the son and +afterwards seconded by the father? + +Very gratefully, with grateful appreciation, with sincere appreciative +gratitude, in appreciatively grateful sincerity of regret, he declined. + +Did their conversation on the subject of these reminiscences reveal a +third connecting link between them? + +Mrs Riordan (Dante), a widow of independent means, had resided in the +house of Stephen’s parents from 1 September 1888 to 29 December 1891 +and had also resided during the years 1892, 1893 and 1894 in the City +Arms Hotel owned by Elizabeth O’Dowd of 54 Prussia street where, during +parts of the years 1893 and 1894, she had been a constant informant of +Bloom who resided also in the same hotel, being at that time a clerk in +the employment of Joseph Cuffe of 5 Smithfield for the superintendence +of sales in the adjacent Dublin Cattle market on the North Circular +road. + +Had he performed any special corporal work of mercy for her? + +He had sometimes propelled her on warm summer evenings, an infirm widow +of independent, if limited, means, in her convalescent bathchair with +slow revolutions of its wheels as far as the corner of the North +Circular road opposite Mr Gavin Low’s place of business where she had +remained for a certain time scanning through his onelensed binocular +fieldglasses unrecognisable citizens on tramcars, roadster bicycles +equipped with inflated pneumatic tyres, hackney carriages, tandems, +private and hired landaus, dogcarts, ponytraps and brakes passing from +the city to the Phoenix Park and _vice versa_. + +Why could he then support that his vigil with the greater equanimity? + +Because in middle youth he had often sat observing through a rondel of +bossed glass of a multicoloured pane the spectacle offered with +continual changes of the thoroughfare without, pedestrians, quadrupeds, +velocipedes, vehicles, passing slowly, quickly, evenly, round and round +and round the rim of a round and round precipitous globe. + +What distinct different memories had each of her now eight years +deceased? + +The older, her bezique cards and counters, her Skye terrier, her +suppositious wealth, her lapses of responsiveness and incipient +catarrhal deafness: the younger, her lamp of colza oil before the +statue of the Immaculate Conception, her green and maroon brushes for +Charles Stewart Parnell and for Michael Davitt, her tissue papers. + +Were there no means still remaining to him to achieve the rejuvenation +which these reminiscences divulged to a younger companion rendered the +more desirable? + +The indoor exercises, formerly intermittently practised, subsequently +abandoned, prescribed in Eugen Sandow’s _Physical Strength and How to +Obtain It_ which, designed particularly for commercial men engaged in +sedentary occupations, were to be made with mental concentration in +front of a mirror so as to bring into play the various families of +muscles and produce successively a pleasant rigidity, a more pleasant +relaxation and the most pleasant repristination of juvenile agility. + +Had any special agility been his in earlier youth? + +Though ringweight lifting had been beyond his strength and the full +circle gyration beyond his courage yet as a High school scholar he had +excelled in his stable and protracted execution of the half lever +movement on the parallel bars in consequence of his abnormally +developed abdominal muscles. + +Did either openly allude to their racial difference? + +Neither. + +What, reduced to their simplest reciprocal form, were Bloom’s thoughts +about Stephen’s thoughts about Bloom and about Stephen’s thoughts about +Bloom’s thoughts about Stephen? + +He thought that he thought that he was a jew whereas he knew that he +knew that he knew that he was not. + +What, the enclosures of reticence removed, were their respective +parentages? + +Bloom, only born male transubstantial heir of Rudolf Virag +(subsequently Rudolph Bloom) of Szombathely, Vienna, Budapest, Milan, +London and Dublin and of Ellen Higgins, second daughter of Julius +Higgins (born Karoly) and Fanny Higgins (born Hegarty). Stephen, eldest +surviving male consubstantial heir of Simon Dedalus of Cork and Dublin +and of Mary, daughter of Richard and Christina Goulding (born Grier). + +Had Bloom and Stephen been baptised, and where and by whom, cleric or +layman? + +Bloom (three times), by the reverend Mr Gilmer Johnston M. A., alone, +in the protestant church of Saint Nicholas Without, Coombe, by James +O’Connor, Philip Gilligan and James Fitzpatrick, together, under a pump +in the village of Swords, and by the reverend Charles Malone C. C., in +the church of the Three Patrons, Rathgar. Stephen (once) by the +reverend Charles Malone C. C., alone, in the church of the Three +Patrons, Rathgar. + +Did they find their educational careers similar? + +Substituting Stephen for Bloom Stoom would have passed successively +through a dame’s school and the high school. Substituting Bloom for +Stephen Blephen would have passed successively through the preparatory, +junior, middle and senior grades of the intermediate and through the +matriculation, first arts, second arts and arts degree courses of the +royal university. + +Why did Bloom refrain from stating that he had frequented the +university of life? + +Because of his fluctuating incertitude as to whether this observation +had or had not been already made by him to Stephen or by Stephen to +him. + +What two temperaments did they individually represent? + +The scientific. The artistic. + +What proofs did Bloom adduce to prove that his tendency was towards +applied, rather than towards pure, science? + +Certain possible inventions of which he had cogitated when reclining in +a state of supine repletion to aid digestion, stimulated by his +appreciation of the importance of inventions now common but once +revolutionary, for example, the aeronautic parachute, the reflecting +telescope, the spiral corkscrew, the safety pin, the mineral water +siphon, the canal lock with winch and sluice, the suction pump. + +Were these inventions principally intended for an improved scheme of +kindergarten? + +Yes, rendering obsolete popguns, elastic airbladders, games of hazard, +catapults. They comprised astronomical kaleidoscopes exhibiting the +twelve constellations of the zodiac from Aries to Pisces, miniature +mechanical orreries, arithmetical gelatine lozenges, geometrical to +correspond with zoological biscuits, globemap playing balls, +historically costumed dolls. + +What also stimulated him in his cogitations? + +The financial success achieved by Ephraim Marks and Charles A. James, +the former by his 1d bazaar at 42 George’s street, south, the latter at +his 6 1/2d shop and world’s fancy fair and waxwork exhibition at 30 +Henry street, admission 2d, children 1d: and the infinite possibilities +hitherto unexploited of the modern art of advertisement if condensed in +triliteral monoideal symbols, vertically of maximum visibility +(divined), horizontally of maximum legibility (deciphered) and of +magnetising efficacy to arrest involuntary attention, to interest, to +convince, to decide. + +Such as? + +K. 11. Kino’s 11/— Trousers. +House of Keys. Alexander J. Keyes. + +Such as not? + +Look at this long candle. Calculate when it burns out and you receive +gratis 1 pair of our special non-compo boots, guaranteed 1 candle +power. Address: Barclay and Cook, 18 Talbot street. +Bacilikil (Insect Powder). +Veribest (Boot Blacking). +Uwantit (Combined pocket twoblade penknife with corkscrew, nailfile and +pipecleaner). + +Such as never? + +What is home without Plumtree’s Potted Meat? + +Incomplete. + +With it an abode of bliss. + +Manufactured by George Plumtree, 23 Merchants’ quay, Dublin, put up in +4 oz pots, and inserted by Councillor Joseph P. Nannetti, M. P., +Rotunda Ward, 19 Hardwicke street, under the obituary notices and +anniversaries of deceases. The name on the label is Plumtree. A +plumtree in a meatpot, registered trade mark. Beware of imitations. +Peatmot. Trumplee. Moutpat. Plamtroo. + +Which example did he adduce to induce Stephen to deduce that +originality, though producing its own reward, does not invariably +conduce to success? + +His own ideated and rejected project of an illuminated showcart, drawn +by a beast of burden, in which two smartly dressed girls were to be +seated engaged in writing. + +What suggested scene was then constructed by Stephen? + +Solitary hotel in mountain pass. Autumn. Twilight. Fire lit. In dark +corner young man seated. Young woman enters. Restless. Solitary. She +sits. She goes to window. She stands. She sits. Twilight. She thinks. +On solitary hotel paper she writes. She thinks. She writes. She sighs. +Wheels and hoofs. She hurries out. He comes from his dark corner. He +seizes solitary paper. He holds it towards fire. Twilight. He reads. +Solitary. + +What? + +In sloping, upright and backhands: Queen’s Hotel, Queen’s Hotel, +Queen’s Hotel. Queen’s Ho... + +What suggested scene was then reconstructed by Bloom? + +The Queen’s Hotel, Ennis, county Clare, where Rudolph Bloom (Rudolf +Virag) died on the evening of the 27 June 1886, at some hour unstated, +in consequence of an overdose of monkshood (aconite) selfadministered +in the form of a neuralgic liniment composed of 2 parts of aconite +liniment to 1 of chloroform liniment (purchased by him at 10.20 a.m. on +the morning of 27 June 1886 at the medical hall of Francis Dennehy, 17 +Church street, Ennis) after having, though not in consequence of +having, purchased at 3.15 p.m. on the afternoon of 27 June 1886 a new +boater straw hat, extra smart (after having, though not in consequence +of having, purchased at the hour and in the place aforesaid, the toxin +aforesaid), at the general drapery store of James Cullen, 4 Main +street, Ennis. + +Did he attribute this homonymity to information or coincidence or +intuition? + +Coincidence. + +Did he depict the scene verbally for his guest to see? + +He preferred himself to see another’s face and listen to another’s +words by which potential narration was realised and kinetic temperament +relieved. + +Did he see only a second coincidence in the second scene narrated to +him, described by the narrator as _A Pisgah Sight of Palestine_ or _The +Parable of the Plums_? + +It, with the preceding scene and with others unnarrated but existent by +implication, to which add essays on various subjects or moral apothegms +(e.g. _My Favourite Hero_ or _Procrastination is the Thief of Time_) +composed during schoolyears, seemed to him to contain in itself and in +conjunction with the personal equation certain possibilities of +financial, social, personal and sexual success, whether specially +collected and selected as model pedagogic themes (of cent per cent +merit) for the use of preparatory and junior grade students or +contributed in printed form, following the precedent of Philip Beaufoy +or Doctor Dick or Heblon’s _Studies in Blue_, to a publication of +certified circulation and solvency or employed verbally as intellectual +stimulation for sympathetic auditors, tacitly appreciative of +successful narrative and confidently augurative of successful +achievement, during the increasingly longer nights gradually following +the summer solstice on the day but three following, videlicet, Tuesday, +21 June (S. Aloysius Gonzaga), sunrise 3.33 a.m., sunset 8.29 p.m. + +Which domestic problem as much as, if not more than, any other +frequently engaged his mind? + +What to do with our wives. + +What had been his hypothetical singular solutions? + +Parlour games (dominos, halma, tiddledywinks, spilikins, cup and ball, +nap, spoil five, bezique, twentyfive, beggar my neighbour, draughts, +chess or backgammon): embroidery, darning or knitting for the +policeaided clothing society: musical duets, mandoline and guitar, +piano and flute, guitar and piano: legal scrivenery or envelope +addressing: biweekly visits to variety entertainments: commercial +activity as pleasantly commanding and pleasingly obeyed mistress +proprietress in a cool dairy shop or warm cigar divan: the clandestine +satisfaction of erotic irritation in masculine brothels, state +inspected and medically controlled: social visits, at regular +infrequent prevented intervals and with regular frequent preventive +superintendence, to and from female acquaintances of recognised +respectability in the vicinity: courses of evening instruction +specially designed to render liberal instruction agreeable. + +What instances of deficient mental development in his wife inclined him +in favour of the lastmentioned (ninth) solution? + +In disoccupied moments she had more than once covered a sheet of paper +with signs and hieroglyphics which she stated were Greek and Irish and +Hebrew characters. She had interrogated constantly at varying intervals +as to the correct method of writing the capital initial of the name of +a city in Canada, Quebec. She understood little of political +complications, internal, or balance of power, external. In calculating +the addenda of bills she frequently had recourse to digital aid. After +completion of laconic epistolary compositions she abandoned the +implement of calligraphy in the encaustic pigment, exposed to the +corrosive action of copperas, green vitriol and nutgall. Unusual +polysyllables of foreign origin she interpreted phonetically or by +false analogy or by both: metempsychosis (met him pike hoses), _alias_ +(a mendacious person mentioned in sacred scripture). + +What compensated in the false balance of her intelligence for these and +such deficiencies of judgment regarding persons, places and things? + +The false apparent parallelism of all perpendicular arms of all +balances, proved true by construction. The counterbalance of her +proficiency of judgment regarding one person, proved true by +experiment. + +How had he attempted to remedy this state of comparative ignorance? + +Variously. By leaving in a conspicuous place a certain book open at a +certain page: by assuming in her, when alluding explanatorily, latent +knowledge: by open ridicule in her presence of some absent other’s +ignorant lapse. + +With what success had he attempted direct instruction? + +She followed not all, a part of the whole, gave attention with interest +comprehended with surprise, with care repeated, with greater difficulty +remembered, forgot with ease, with misgiving reremembered, rerepeated +with error. + +What system had proved more effective? + +Indirect suggestion implicating selfinterest. + +Example? + +She disliked umbrella with rain, he liked woman with umbrella, she +disliked new hat with rain, he liked woman with new hat, he bought new +hat with rain, she carried umbrella with new hat. + +Accepting the analogy implied in his guest’s parable which examples of +postexilic eminence did he adduce? + +Three seekers of the pure truth, Moses of Egypt, Moses Maimonides, +author of _More Nebukim_ (Guide of the Perplexed) and Moses Mendelssohn +of such eminence that from Moses (of Egypt) to Moses (Mendelssohn) +there arose none like Moses (Maimonides). + +What statement was made, under correction, by Bloom concerning a fourth +seeker of pure truth, by name Aristotle, mentioned, with permission, by +Stephen? + +That the seeker mentioned had been a pupil of a rabbinical philosopher, +name uncertain. + +Were other anapocryphal illustrious sons of the law and children of a +selected or rejected race mentioned? + +Felix Bartholdy Mendelssohn (composer), Baruch Spinoza (philosopher), +Mendoza (pugilist), Ferdinand Lassalle (reformer, duellist). + +What fragments of verse from the ancient Hebrew and ancient Irish +languages were cited with modulations of voice and translation of texts +by guest to host and by host to guest? + +By Stephen: _suil, suil, suil arun, suil go siocair agus suil go cuin_ +(walk, walk, walk your way, walk in safety, walk with care). + +By Bloom: _Kifeloch, harimon rakatejch m’baad l’zamatejch_ (thy temple +amid thy hair is as a slice of pomegranate). + +How was a glyphic comparison of the phonic symbols of both languages +made in substantiation of the oral comparison? + +By juxtaposition. On the penultimate blank page of a book of inferior +literary style, entituled _Sweets of Sin_ (produced by Bloom and so +manipulated that its front cover came in contact with the surface of +the table) with a pencil (supplied by Stephen) Stephen wrote the Irish +characters for gee, eh, dee, em, simple and modified, and Bloom in turn +wrote the Hebrew characters ghimel, aleph, daleth and (in the absence +of mem) a substituted qoph, explaining their arithmetical values as +ordinal and cardinal numbers, videlicet 3, 1, 4, and 100. + +Was the knowledge possessed by both of each of these languages, the +extinct and the revived, theoretical or practical? + +Theoretical, being confined to certain grammatical rules of accidence +and syntax and practically excluding vocabulary. + +What points of contact existed between these languages and between the +peoples who spoke them? + +The presence of guttural sounds, diacritic aspirations, epenthetic and +servile letters in both languages: their antiquity, both having been +taught on the plain of Shinar 242 years after the deluge in the +seminary instituted by Fenius Farsaigh, descendant of Noah, progenitor +of Israel, and ascendant of Heber and Heremon, progenitors of Ireland: +their archaeological, genealogical, hagiographical, exegetical, +homiletic, toponomastic, historical and religious literatures +comprising the works of rabbis and culdees, Torah, Talmud (Mischna and +Ghemara), Massor, Pentateuch, Book of the Dun Cow, Book of Ballymote, +Garland of Howth, Book of Kells: their dispersal, persecution, survival +and revival: the isolation of their synagogical and ecclesiastical +rites in ghetto (S. Mary’s Abbey) and masshouse (Adam and Eve’s +tavern): the proscription of their national costumes in penal laws and +jewish dress acts: the restoration in Chanah David of Zion and the +possibility of Irish political autonomy or devolution. + +What anthem did Bloom chant partially in anticipation of that multiple, +ethnically irreducible consummation? + + Kolod balejwaw pnimah + Nefesch, jehudi, homijah. + +Why was the chant arrested at the conclusion of this first distich? + +In consequence of defective mnemotechnic. + +How did the chanter compensate for this deficiency? + +By a periphrastic version of the general text. + +In what common study did their mutual reflections merge? + +The increasing simplification traceable from the Egyptian epigraphic +hieroglyphs to the Greek and Roman alphabets and the anticipation of +modern stenography and telegraphic code in the cuneiform inscriptions +(Semitic) and the virgular quinquecostate ogham writing (Celtic). + +Did the guest comply with his host’s request? + +Doubly, by appending his signature in Irish and Roman characters. + +What was Stephen’s auditive sensation? + +He heard in a profound ancient male unfamiliar melody the accumulation +of the past. + +What was Bloom’s visual sensation? + +He saw in a quick young male familiar form the predestination of a +future. + +What were Stephen’s and Bloom’s quasisimultaneous volitional +quasisensations of concealed identities? + +Visually, Stephen’s: The traditional figure of hypostasis, depicted by +Johannes Damascenus, Lentulus Romanus and Epiphanius Monachus as +leucodermic, sesquipedalian with winedark hair. + +Auditively, Bloom’s: The traditional accent of the ecstasy of +catastrophe. + +What future careers had been possible for Bloom in the past and with +what exemplars? + +In the church, Roman, Anglican or Nonconformist: exemplars, the very +reverend John Conmee S. J., the reverend T. Salmon, D. D., provost of +Trinity college, Dr Alexander J. Dowie. At the bar, English or Irish: +exemplars, Seymour Bushe, K. C., Rufus Isaacs, K. C. On the stage, +modern or Shakespearean: exemplars, Charles Wyndham, high comedian, +Osmond Tearle († 1901), exponent of Shakespeare. + +Did the host encourage his guest to chant in a modulated voice a +strange legend on an allied theme? + +Reassuringly, their place, where none could hear them talk, being +secluded, reassured, the decocted beverages, allowing for subsolid +residual sediment of a mechanical mixture, water plus sugar plus cream +plus cocoa, having been consumed. + +Recite the first (major) part of this chanted legend. + + Little Harry Hughes and his schoolfellows all + Went out for to play ball. + And the very first ball little Harry Hughes played + He drove it o’er the jew’s garden wall. + And the very second ball little Harry Hughes played + He broke the jew’s windows all. + +[Illustration] + +How did the son of Rudolph receive this first part? + +With unmixed feeling. Smiling, a jew, he heard with pleasure and saw +the unbroken kitchen window. + +Recite the second part (minor) of the legend. + + Then out there came the jew’s daughter + And she all dressed in green. + “Come back, come back, you pretty little boy, + And play your ball again.” + + I can’t come back and I won’t come back + Without my schoolfellows all. + For if my master he did hear + He’d make it a sorry ball.” + + She took him by the lilywhite hand + And led him along the hall + Until she led him to a room + Where none could hear him call. + + She took a penknife out of her pocket + And cut off his little head. + And now he’ll play his ball no more + For he lies among the dead. + +[Illustration] + +How did the father of Millicent receive this second part? + +With mixed feelings. Unsmiling, he heard and saw with wonder a jew’s +daughter, all dressed in green. + +Condense Stephen’s commentary. + +One of all, the least of all, is the victim predestined. Once by +inadvertence twice by design he challenges his destiny. It comes when +he is abandoned and challenges him reluctant and, as an apparition of +hope and youth, holds him unresisting. It leads him to a strange +habitation, to a secret infidel apartment, and there, implacable, +immolates him, consenting. + +Why was the host (victim predestined) sad? + +He wished that a tale of a deed should be told of a deed not by him +should by him not be told. + +Why was the host (reluctant, unresisting) still? + +In accordance with the law of the conservation of energy. + +Why was the host (secret infidel) silent? + +He weighed the possible evidences for and against ritual murder: the +incitations of the hierarchy, the superstition of the populace, the +propagation of rumour in continued fraction of veridicity, the envy of +opulence, the influence of retaliation, the sporadic reappearance of +atavistic delinquency, the mitigating circumstances of fanaticism, +hypnotic suggestion and somnambulism. + +From which (if any) of these mental or physical disorders was he not +totally immune? + +From hypnotic suggestion: once, waking, he had not recognised his +sleeping apartment: more than once, waking, he had been for an +indefinite time incapable of moving or uttering sounds. From +somnambulism: once, sleeping, his body had risen, crouched and crawled +in the direction of a heatless fire and, having attained its +destination, there, curled, unheated, in night attire had lain, +sleeping. + +Had this latter or any cognate phenomenon declared itself in any member +of his family? + +Twice, in Holles street and in Ontario terrace, his daughter Millicent +(Milly) at the ages of 6 and 8 years had uttered in sleep an +exclamation of terror and had replied to the interrogations of two +figures in night attire with a vacant mute expression. + +What other infantile memories had he of her? + +15 June 1889. A querulous newborn female infant crying to cause and +lessen congestion. A child renamed Padney Socks she shook with shocks +her moneybox: counted his three free moneypenny buttons, one, tloo, +tlee: a doll, a boy, a sailor she cast away: blond, born of two dark, +she had blond ancestry, remote, a violation, Herr Hauptmann Hainau, +Austrian army, proximate, a hallucination, lieutenant Mulvey, British +navy. + +What endemic characteristics were present? + +Conversely the nasal and frontal formation was derived in a direct line +of lineage which, though interrupted, would continue at distant +intervals to more distant intervals to its most distant intervals. + +What memories had he of her adolescence? + +She relegated her hoop and skippingrope to a recess. On the duke’s +lawn, entreated by an English visitor, she declined to permit him to +make and take away her photographic image (objection not stated). On +the South Circular road in the company of Elsa Potter, followed by an +individual of sinister aspect, she went half way down Stamer street and +turned abruptly back (reason of change not stated). On the vigil of the +15th anniversary of her birth she wrote a letter from Mullingar, county +Westmeath, making a brief allusion to a local student (faculty and year +not stated). + +Did that first division, portending a second division, afflict him? + +Less than he had imagined, more than he had hoped. + +What second departure was contemporaneously perceived by him similarly, +if differently? + +A temporary departure of his cat. + +Why similarly, why differently? + +Similarly, because actuated by a secret purpose the quest of a new male +(Mullingar student) or of a healing herb (valerian). Differently, +because of different possible returns to the inhabitants or to the +habitation. + +In other respects were their differences similar? + +In passivity, in economy, in the instinct of tradition, in +unexpectedness. + +As? + +Inasmuch as leaning she sustained her blond hair for him to ribbon it +for her (cf neckarching cat). Moreover, on the free surface of the lake +in Stephen’s green amid inverted reflections of trees her uncommented +spit, describing concentric circles of waterrings, indicated by the +constancy of its permanence the locus of a somnolent prostrate fish (cf +mousewatching cat). Again, in order to remember the date, combatants, +issue and consequences of a famous military engagement she pulled a +plait of her hair (cf earwashing cat). Furthermore, silly Milly, she +dreamed of having had an unspoken unremembered conversation with a +horse whose name had been Joseph to whom (which) she had offered a +tumblerful of lemonade which it (he) had appeared to have accepted (cf +hearthdreaming cat). Hence, in passivity, in economy, in the instinct +of tradition, in unexpectedness, their differences were similar. + +In what way had he utilised gifts (1) an owl, 2) a clock, given as +matrimonial auguries, to interest and to instruct her? + +As object lessons to explain: 1) the nature and habits of oviparous +animals, the possibility of aerial flight, certain abnormalities of +vision, the secular process of imbalsamation: 2) the principle of the +pendulum, exemplified in bob, wheelgear and regulator, the translation +in terms of human or social regulation of the various positions of +clockwise moveable indicators on an unmoving dial, the exactitude of +the recurrence per hour of an instant in each hour when the longer and +the shorter indicator were at the same angle of inclination, +_videlicet_, 5 5/11 minutes past each hour per hour in arithmetical +progression. + +In what manners did she reciprocate? + +She remembered: on the 27th anniversary of his birth she presented to +him a breakfast moustachecup of imitation Crown Derby porcelain ware. +She provided: at quarter day or thereabouts if or when purchases had +been made by him not for her she showed herself attentive to his +necessities, anticipating his desires. She admired: a natural +phenomenon having been explained by him to her she expressed the +immediate desire to possess without gradual acquisition a fraction of +his science, the moiety, the quarter, a thousandth part. + +What proposal did Bloom, diambulist, father of Milly, somnambulist, +make to Stephen, noctambulist? + +To pass in repose the hours intervening between Thursday (proper) and +Friday (normal) on an extemporised cubicle in the apartment immediately +above the kitchen and immediately adjacent to the sleeping apartment of +his host and hostess. + +What various advantages would or might have resulted from a +prolongation of such an extemporisation? + +For the guest: security of domicile and seclusion of study. For the +host: rejuvenation of intelligence, vicarious satisfaction. For the +hostess: disintegration of obsession, acquisition of correct Italian +pronunciation. + +Why might these several provisional contingencies between a guest and a +hostess not necessarily preclude or be precluded by a permanent +eventuality of reconciliatory union between a schoolfellow and a jew’s +daughter? + +Because the way to daughter led through mother, the way to mother +through daughter. + +To what inconsequent polysyllabic question of his host did the guest +return a monosyllabic negative answer? + +If he had known the late Mrs Emily Sinico, accidentally killed at +Sydney Parade railway station, 14 October 1903. + +What inchoate corollary statement was consequently suppressed by the +host? + +A statement explanatory of his absence on the occasion of the interment +of Mrs Mary Dedalus (born Goulding), 26 June 1903, vigil of the +anniversary of the decease of Rudolph Bloom (born Virag). + +Was the proposal of asylum accepted? + +Promptly, inexplicably, with amicability, gratefully it was declined. + +What exchange of money took place between host and guest? + +The former returned to the latter, without interest, a sum of money (£ +1-7-0), one pound seven shillings sterling, advanced by the latter to +the former. + +What counterproposals were alternately advanced, accepted, modified, +declined, restated in other terms, reaccepted, ratified, reconfirmed? + +To inaugurate a prearranged course of Italian instruction, place the +residence of the instructed. To inaugurate a course of vocal +instruction, place the residence of the instructress. To inaugurate a +series of static, semistatic and peripatetic intellectual dialogues, +places the residence of both speakers (if both speakers were resident +in the same place), the _Ship_ hotel and tavern, 6 Lower Abbey street +(W. and E. Connery, proprietors), the National Library of Ireland, 10 +Kildare street, the National Maternity Hospital, 29, 30 and 31 Holles +street, a public garden, the vicinity of a place of worship, a +conjunction of two or more public thoroughfares, the point of bisection +of a right line drawn between their residences (if both speakers were +resident in different places). + +What rendered problematic for Bloom the realisation of these mutually +selfexcluding propositions? + +The irreparability of the past: once at a performance of Albert +Hengler’s circus in the Rotunda, Rutland square, Dublin, an intuitive +particoloured clown in quest of paternity had penetrated from the ring +to a place in the auditorium where Bloom, solitary, was seated and had +publicly declared to an exhilarated audience that he (Bloom) was his +(the clown’s) papa. The imprevidibility of the future: once in the +summer of 1898 he (Bloom) had marked a florin (2/-) with three notches +on the milled edge and tendered it in payment of an account due to and +received by J. and T. Davy, family grocers, 1 Charlemont Mall, Grand +Canal, for circulation on the waters of civic finance, for possible, +circuitous or direct, return. + +Was the clown Bloom’s son? + +No. + +Had Bloom’s coin returned? + +Never. + +Why would a recurrent frustration the more depress him? + +Because at the critical turningpoint of human existence he desired to +amend many social conditions, the product of inequality and avarice and +international animosity. + +He believed then that human life was infinitely perfectible, +eliminating these conditions? + +There remained the generic conditions imposed by natural, as distinct +from human law, as integral parts of the human whole: the necessity of +destruction to procure alimentary sustenance: the painful character of +the ultimate functions of separate existence, the agonies of birth and +death: the monotonous menstruation of simian and (particularly) human +females extending from the age of puberty to the menopause: inevitable +accidents at sea, in mines and factories: certain very painful maladies +and their resultant surgical operations, innate lunacy and congenital +criminality, decimating epidemics: catastrophic cataclysms which make +terror the basis of human mentality: seismic upheavals the epicentres +of which are located in densely populated regions: the fact of vital +growth, through convulsions of metamorphosis, from infancy through +maturity to decay. + +Why did he desist from speculation? + +Because it was a task for a superior intelligence to substitute other +more acceptable phenomena in the place of the less acceptable phenomena +to be removed. + +Did Stephen participate in his dejection? + +He affirmed his significance as a conscious rational animal proceeding +syllogistically from the known to the unknown and a conscious rational +reagent between a micro and a macrocosm ineluctably constructed upon +the incertitude of the void. + +Was this affirmation apprehended by Bloom? + +Not verbally. Substantially. + +What comforted his misapprehension? + +That as a competent keyless citizen he had proceeded energetically from +the unknown to the known through the incertitude of the void. + +In what order of precedence, with what attendant ceremony was the +exodus from the house of bondage to the wilderness of inhabitation +effected? + +Lighted Candle in Stick borne by +BLOOM +Diaconal Hat on Ashplant borne by +STEPHEN + +With what intonation _secreto_ of what commemorative psalm? + +The 113th, _modus peregrinus: In exitu Israël de Egypto: domus Jacob de +populo barbaro_. + +What did each do at the door of egress? + +Bloom set the candlestick on the floor. Stephen put the hat on his +head. + +For what creature was the door of egress a door of ingress? + +For a cat. + +What spectacle confronted them when they, first the host, then the +guest, emerged silently, doubly dark, from obscurity by a passage from +the rere of the house into the penumbra of the garden? + +The heaventree of stars hung with humid nightblue fruit. + +With what meditations did Bloom accompany his demonstration to his +companion of various constellations? + +Meditations of evolution increasingly vaster: of the moon invisible in +incipient lunation, approaching perigee: of the infinite lattiginous +scintillating uncondensed milky way, discernible by daylight by an +observer placed at the lower end of a cylindrical vertical shaft 5000 +ft deep sunk from the surface towards the centre of the earth: of +Sirius (alpha in Canis Maior) 10 lightyears (57,000,000,000,000 miles) +distant and in volume 900 times the dimension of our planet: of +Arcturus: of the precession of equinoxes: of Orion with belt and +sextuple sun theta and nebula in which 100 of our solar systems could +be contained: of moribund and of nascent new stars such as Nova in +1901: of our system plunging towards the constellation of Hercules: of +the parallax or parallactic drift of socalled fixed stars, in reality +evermoving wanderers from immeasurably remote eons to infinitely remote +futures in comparison with which the years, threescore and ten, of +allotted human life formed a parenthesis of infinitesimal brevity. + +Were there obverse meditations of involution increasingly less vast? + +Of the eons of geological periods recorded in the stratifications of +the earth: of the myriad minute entomological organic existences +concealed in cavities of the earth, beneath removable stones, in hives +and mounds, of microbes, germs, bacteria, bacilli, spermatozoa: of the +incalculable trillions of billions of millions of imperceptible +molecules contained by cohesion of molecular affinity in a single +pinhead: of the universe of human serum constellated with red and white +bodies, themselves universes of void space constellated with other +bodies, each, in continuity, its universe of divisible component bodies +of which each was again divisible in divisions of redivisible component +bodies, dividends and divisors ever diminishing without actual division +till, if the progress were carried far enough, nought nowhere was never +reached. + +Why did he not elaborate these calculations to a more precise result? + +Because some years previously in 1886 when occupied with the problem of +the quadrature of the circle he had learned of the existence of a +number computed to a relative degree of accuracy to be of such +magnitude and of so many places, e.g., the 9th power of the 9th power +of 9, that, the result having been obtained, 33 closely printed volumes +of 1000 pages each of innumerable quires and reams of India paper would +have to be requisitioned in order to contain the complete tale of its +printed integers of units, tens, hundreds, thousands, tens of +thousands, hundreds of thousands, millions, tens of millions, hundreds +of millions, billions, the nucleus of the nebula of every digit of +every series containing succinctly the potentiality of being raised to +the utmost kinetic elaboration of any power of any of its powers. + +Did he find the problems of the inhabitability of the planets and their +satellites by a race, given in species, and of the possible social and +moral redemption of said race by a redeemer, easier of solution? + +Of a different order of difficulty. Conscious that the human organism, +normally capable of sustaining an atmospheric pressure of 19 tons, when +elevated to a considerable altitude in the terrestrial atmosphere +suffered with arithmetical progression of intensity, according as the +line of demarcation between troposphere and stratosphere was +approximated from nasal hemorrhage, impeded respiration and vertigo, +when proposing this problem for solution, he had conjectured as a +working hypothesis which could not be proved impossible that a more +adaptable and differently anatomically constructed race of beings might +subsist otherwise under Martian, Mercurial, Veneral, Jovian, Saturnian, +Neptunian or Uranian sufficient and equivalent conditions, though an +apogean humanity of beings created in varying forms with finite +differences resulting similar to the whole and to one another would +probably there as here remain inalterably and inalienably attached to +vanities, to vanities of vanities and to all that is vanity. + +And the problem of possible redemption? + +The minor was proved by the major. + +Which various features of the constellations were in turn considered? + +The various colours significant of various degrees of vitality (white, +yellow, crimson, vermilion, cinnabar): their degrees of brilliancy: +their magnitudes revealed up to and including the 7th: their positions: +the waggoner’s star: Walsingham way: the chariot of David: the annular +cinctures of Saturn: the condensation of spiral nebulae into suns: the +interdependent gyrations of double suns: the independent synchronous +discoveries of Galileo, Simon Marius, Piazzi, Le Verrier, Herschel, +Galle: the systematisations attempted by Bode and Kepler of cubes of +distances and squares of times of revolution: the almost infinite +compressibility of hirsute comets and their vast elliptical egressive +and reentrant orbits from perihelion to aphelion: the sidereal origin +of meteoric stones: the Libyan floods on Mars about the period of the +birth of the younger astroscopist: the annual recurrence of meteoric +showers about the period of the feast of S. Lawrence (martyr, 10 +August): the monthly recurrence known as the new moon with the old moon +in her arms: the posited influence of celestial on human bodies: the +appearance of a star (1st magnitude) of exceeding brilliancy dominating +by night and day (a new luminous sun generated by the collision and +amalgamation in incandescence of two nonluminous exsuns) about the +period of the birth of William Shakespeare over delta in the recumbent +neversetting constellation of Cassiopeia and of a star (2nd magnitude) +of similar origin but of lesser brilliancy which had appeared in and +disappeared from the constellation of the Corona Septentrionalis about +the period of the birth of Leopold Bloom and of other stars of +(presumably) similar origin which had (effectively or presumably) +appeared in and disappeared from the constellation of Andromeda about +the period of the birth of Stephen Dedalus, and in and from the +constellation of Auriga some years after the birth and death of Rudolph +Bloom, junior, and in and from other constellations some years before +or after the birth or death of other persons: the attendant phenomena +of eclipses, solar and lunar, from immersion to emersion, abatement of +wind, transit of shadow, taciturnity of winged creatures, emergence of +nocturnal or crepuscular animals, persistence of infernal light, +obscurity of terrestrial waters, pallor of human beings. + +His (Bloom’s) logical conclusion, having weighed the matter and +allowing for possible error? + +That it was not a heaventree, not a heavengrot, not a heavenbeast, not +a heavenman. That it was a Utopia, there being no known method from the +known to the unknown: an infinity renderable equally finite by the +suppositious apposition of one or more bodies equally of the same and +of different magnitudes: a mobility of illusory forms immobilised in +space, remobilised in air: a past which possibly had ceased to exist as +a present before its probable spectators had entered actual present +existence. + +Was he more convinced of the esthetic value of the spectacle? + +Indubitably in consequence of the reiterated examples of poets in the +delirium of the frenzy of attachment or in the abasement of rejection +invoking ardent sympathetic constellations or the frigidity of the +satellite of their planet. + +Did he then accept as an article of belief the theory of astrological +influences upon sublunary disasters? + +It seemed to him as possible of proof as of confutation and the +nomenclature employed in its selenographical charts as attributable to +verifiable intuition as to fallacious analogy: the lake of dreams, the +sea of rains, the gulf of dews, the ocean of fecundity. + +What special affinities appeared to him to exist between the moon and +woman? + +Her antiquity in preceding and surviving successive tellurian +generations: her nocturnal predominance: her satellitic dependence: her +luminary reflection: her constancy under all her phases, rising and +setting by her appointed times, waxing and waning: the forced +invariability of her aspect: her indeterminate response to +inaffirmative interrogation: her potency over effluent and refluent +waters: her power to enamour, to mortify, to invest with beauty, to +render insane, to incite to and aid delinquency: the tranquil +inscrutability of her visage: the terribility of her isolated dominant +implacable resplendent propinquity: her omens of tempest and of calm: +the stimulation of her light, her motion and her presence: the +admonition of her craters, her arid seas, her silence: her splendour, +when visible: her attraction, when invisible. + +What visible luminous sign attracted Bloom’s, who attracted Stephen’s, +gaze? + +In the second storey (rere) of his (Bloom’s) house the light of a +paraffin oil lamp with oblique shade projected on a screen of roller +blind supplied by Frank O’Hara, window blind, curtain pole and +revolving shutter manufacturer, 16 Aungier street. + +How did he elucidate the mystery of an invisible attractive person, his +wife Marion (Molly) Bloom, denoted by a visible splendid sign, a lamp? + +With indirect and direct verbal allusions or affirmations: with subdued +affection and admiration: with description: with impediment: with +suggestion. + +Both then were silent? + +Silent, each contemplating the other in both mirrors of the reciprocal +flesh of theirhisnothis fellowfaces. + +Were they indefinitely inactive? + +At Stephen’s suggestion, at Bloom’s instigation both, first Stephen, +then Bloom, in penumbra urinated, their sides contiguous, their organs +of micturition reciprocally rendered invisible by manual +circumposition, their gazes, first Bloom’s, then Stephen’s, elevated to +the projected luminous and semiluminous shadow. + +Similarly? + +The trajectories of their, first sequent, then simultaneous, urinations +were dissimilar: Bloom’s longer, less irruent, in the incomplete form +of the bifurcated penultimate alphabetical letter, who in his ultimate +year at High School (1880) had been capable of attaining the point of +greatest altitude against the whole concurrent strength of the +institution, 210 scholars: Stephen’s higher, more sibilant, who in the +ultimate hours of the previous day had augmented by diuretic +consumption an insistent vesical pressure. + +What different problems presented themselves to each concerning the +invisible audible collateral organ of the other? + +To Bloom: the problems of irritability, tumescence, rigidity, +reactivity, dimension, sanitariness, pilosity. + +To Stephen: the problem of the sacerdotal integrity of Jesus +circumcised (1 January, holiday of obligation to hear mass and abstain +from unnecessary servile work) and the problem as to whether the divine +prepuce, the carnal bridal ring of the holy Roman catholic apostolic +church, conserved in Calcata, were deserving of simple hyperduly or of +the fourth degree of latria accorded to the abscission of such divine +excrescences as hair and toenails. + +What celestial sign was by both simultaneously observed? + +A star precipitated with great apparent velocity across the firmament +from Vega in the Lyre above the zenith beyond the stargroup of the +Tress of Berenice towards the zodiacal sign of Leo. + +How did the centripetal remainer afford egress to the centrifugal +departer? + +By inserting the barrel of an arruginated male key in the hole of an +unstable female lock, obtaining a purchase on the bow of the key and +turning its wards from right to left, withdrawing a bolt from its +staple, pulling inward spasmodically an obsolescent unhinged door and +revealing an aperture for free egress and free ingress. + +How did they take leave, one of the other, in separation? + +Standing perpendicular at the same door and on different sides of its +base, the lines of their valedictory arms, meeting at any point and +forming any angle less than the sum of two right angles. + +What sound accompanied the union of their tangent, the disunion of +their (respectively) centrifugal and centripetal hands? + +The sound of the peal of the hour of the night by the chime of the +bells in the church of Saint George. + +What echoes of that sound were by both and each heard? + +By Stephen: + + Liliata rutilantium. Turma circumdet. + Iubilantium te virginum. Chorus excipiat. + +By Bloom: + + Heigho, heigho, + Heigho, heigho. + +Where were the several members of the company which with Bloom that day +at the bidding of that peal had travelled from Sandymount in the south +to Glasnevin in the north? + +Martin Cunningham (in bed), Jack Power (in bed), Simon Dedalus (in +bed), Ned Lambert (in bed), Tom Kernan (in bed), Joe Hynes (in bed), +John Henry Menton (in bed), Bernard Corrigan (in bed), Patsy Dignam (in +bed), Paddy Dignam (in the grave). + +Alone, what did Bloom hear? + +The double reverberation of retreating feet on the heavenborn earth, +the double vibration of a jew’s harp in the resonant lane. + +Alone, what did Bloom feel? + +The cold of interstellar space, thousands of degrees below freezing +point or the absolute zero of Fahrenheit, Centigrade or Réaumur: the +incipient intimations of proximate dawn. + +Of what did bellchime and handtouch and footstep and lonechill remind +him? + +Of companions now in various manners in different places defunct: Percy +Apjohn (killed in action, Modder River), Philip Gilligan (phthisis, +Jervis Street hospital), Matthew F. Kane (accidental drowning, Dublin +Bay), Philip Moisel (pyemia, Heytesbury street), Michael Hart +(phthisis, Mater Misericordiae hospital), Patrick Dignam (apoplexy, +Sandymount). + +What prospect of what phenomena inclined him to remain? + +The disparition of three final stars, the diffusion of daybreak, the +apparition of a new solar disk. + +Had he ever been a spectator of those phenomena? + +Once, in 1887, after a protracted performance of charades in the house +of Luke Doyle, Kimmage, he had awaited with patience the apparition of +the diurnal phenomenon, seated on a wall, his gaze turned in the +direction of Mizrach, the east. + +He remembered the initial paraphenomena? + +More active air, a matutinal distant cock, ecclesiastical clocks at +various points, avine music, the isolated tread of an early wayfarer, +the visible diffusion of the light of an invisible luminous body, the +first golden limb of the resurgent sun perceptible low on the horizon. + +Did he remain? + +With deep inspiration he returned, retraversing the garden, reentering +the passage, reclosing the door. With brief suspiration he reassumed +the candle, reascended the stairs, reapproached the door of the front +room, hallfloor, and reentered. + +What suddenly arrested his ingress? + +The right temporal lobe of the hollow sphere of his cranium came into +contact with a solid timber angle where, an infinitesimal but sensible +fraction of a second later, a painful sensation was located in +consequence of antecedent sensations transmitted and registered. + +Describe the alterations effected in the disposition of the articles of +furniture. + +A sofa upholstered in prune plush had been translocated from opposite +the door to the ingleside near the compactly furled Union Jack (an +alteration which he had frequently intended to execute): the blue and +white checker inlaid majolicatopped table had been placed opposite the +door in the place vacated by the prune plush sofa: the walnut sideboard +(a projecting angle of which had momentarily arrested his ingress) had +been moved from its position beside the door to a more advantageous but +more perilous position in front of the door: two chairs had been moved +from right and left of the ingleside to the position originally +occupied by the blue and white checker inlaid majolicatopped table. + +Describe them. + +One: a squat stuffed easychair, with stout arms extended and back +slanted to the rere, which, repelled in recoil, had then upturned an +irregular fringe of a rectangular rug and now displayed on its amply +upholstered seat a centralised diffusing and diminishing +discolouration. The other: a slender splayfoot chair of glossy cane +curves, placed directly opposite the former, its frame from top to seat +and from seat to base being varnished dark brown, its seat being a +bright circle of white plaited rush. + +What significances attached to these two chairs? + +Significances of similitude, of posture, of symbolism, of +circumstantial evidence, of testimonial supermanence. + +What occupied the position originally occupied by the sideboard? + +A vertical piano (Cadby) with exposed keyboard, its closed coffin +supporting a pair of long yellow ladies’ gloves and an emerald ashtray +containing four consumed matches, a partly consumed cigarette and two +discoloured ends of cigarettes, its musicrest supporting the music in +the key of G natural for voice and piano of _Love’s Old Sweet Song_ +(words by G. Clifton Bingham, composed by J. L. Molloy, sung by Madam +Antoinette Sterling) open at the last page with the final indications +_ad libitum, forte_, pedal, _animato_, sustained pedal, _ritirando_, +close. + +With what sensations did Bloom contemplate in rotation these objects? + +With strain, elevating a candlestick: with pain, feeling on his right +temple a contused tumescence: with attention, focussing his gaze on a +large dull passive and a slender bright active: with solicitation, +bending and downturning the upturned rugfringe: with amusement, +remembering Dr Malachi Mulligan’s scheme of colour containing the +gradation of green: with pleasure, repeating the words and antecedent +act and perceiving through various channels of internal sensibility the +consequent and concomitant tepid pleasant diffusion of gradual +discolouration. + +His next proceeding? + +From an open box on the majolicatopped table he extracted a black +diminutive cone, one inch in height, placed it on its circular base on +a small tin plate, placed his candlestick on the right corner of the +mantelpiece, produced from his waistcoat a folded page of prospectus +(illustrated) entitled Agendath Netaim, unfolded the same, examined it +superficially, rolled it into a thin cylinder, ignited it in the +candleflame, applied it when ignited to the apex of the cone till the +latter reached the stage of rutilance, placed the cylinder in the basin +of the candlestick disposing its unconsumed part in such a manner as to +facilitate total combustion. + +What followed this operation? + +The truncated conical crater summit of the diminutive volcano emitted a +vertical and serpentine fume redolent of aromatic oriental incense. + +What homothetic objects, other than the candlestick, stood on the +mantelpiece? + +A timepiece of striated Connemara marble, stopped at the hour of 4.46 +a.m. on the 21 March 1896, matrimonial gift of Matthew Dillon: a dwarf +tree of glacial arborescence under a transparent bellshade, matrimonial +gift of Luke and Caroline Doyle: an embalmed owl, matrimonial gift of +Alderman John Hooper. + +What interchanges of looks took place between these three objects and +Bloom? + +In the mirror of the giltbordered pierglass the undecorated back of the +dwarf tree regarded the upright back of the embalmed owl. Before the +mirror the matrimonial gift of Alderman John Hooper with a clear +melancholy wise bright motionless compassionate gaze regarded Bloom +while Bloom with obscure tranquil profound motionless compassionated +gaze regarded the matrimonial gift of Luke and Caroline Doyle. + +What composite asymmetrical image in the mirror then attracted his +attention? + +The image of a solitary (ipsorelative) mutable (aliorelative) man. + +Why solitary (ipsorelative)? + + Brothers and sisters had he none. + Yet that man’s father was his grandfather’s son. + +Why mutable (aliorelative)? + +From infancy to maturity he had resembled his maternal procreatrix. +From maturity to senility he would increasingly resemble his paternal +procreator. + +What final visual impression was communicated to him by the mirror? + +The optical reflection of several inverted volumes improperly arranged +and not in the order of their common letters with scintillating titles +on the two bookshelves opposite. + +Catalogue these books. + +_Thom’s Dublin Post Office Directory_, 1886. + +Denis Florence M’Carthy’s _Poetical Works_ (copper beechleaf bookmark +at p. 5). + +Shakespeare’s _Works_ (dark crimson morocco, goldtooled). + +_The Useful Ready Reckoner_ (brown cloth). + +_The Secret History of the Court of Charles II_ (red cloth, tooled +binding). + +_The Child’s Guide_ (blue cloth). + +_The Beauties of Killarney_ (wrappers). + +_When We Were Boys_ by William O’Brien M. P. (green cloth, slightly +faded, envelope bookmark at p. 217). + +_Thoughts from Spinoza_ (maroon leather). + +_The Story of the Heavens_ by Sir Robert Ball (blue cloth). + +Ellis’s _Three Trips to Madagascar_ (brown cloth, title obliterated). + +_The Stark-Munro Letters_ by A. Conan Doyle, property of the City of +Dublin Public Library, 106 Capel street, lent 21 May (Whitsun Eve) +1904, due 4 June 1904, 13 days overdue (black cloth binding, bearing +white letternumber ticket). + +_Voyages in China_ by “Viator” (recovered with brown paper, red ink +title). + +_Philosophy of the Talmud_ (sewn pamphlet). + +Lockhart’s _Life of Napoleon_ (cover wanting, marginal annotations, +minimising victories, aggrandising defeats of the protagonist). + +_Soll und Haben_ by Gustav Freytag (black boards, Gothic characters, +cigarette coupon bookmark at p. 24). + +Hozier’s _History of the Russo-Turkish War_ (brown cloth, 2 volumes, +with gummed label, Garrison Library, Governor’s Parade, Gibraltar, on +verso of cover). + +_Laurence Bloomfield in Ireland_ by William Allingham (second edition, +green cloth, gilt trefoil design, previous owner’s name on recto of +flyleaf erased). + +_A Handbook of Astronomy_ (cover, brown leather, detached, 5 plates, +antique letterpress long primer, author’s footnotes nonpareil, marginal +clues brevier, captions small pica). + +_The Hidden Life of Christ_ (black boards). + +_In the Track of the Sun_ (yellow cloth, titlepage missing, recurrent +title intestation). + +_Physical Strength and How to Obtain It_ by Eugen Sandow (red cloth). + +_Short but yet Plain Elements of Geometry_ written in French by F. +Ignat. Pardies and rendered into Engliſh by John Harris D. D. London, +printed for R. Knaplock at the Biſhop’s Head, MDCCXI, with dedicatory +epiſtle to his worthy friend Charles Cox, eſquire, Member of Parliament +for the burgh of Southwark and having ink calligraphed statement on the +flyleaf certifying that the book was the property of Michael Gallagher, +dated this 10th day of May 1822 and requeſting the perſon who should +find it, if the book should be loſt or go aſtray, to reſtore it to +Michael Gallagher, carpenter, Dufery Gate, Enniſcorthy, county Wicklow, +the fineſt place in the world. + +What reflections occupied his mind during the process of reversion of +the inverted volumes? + +The necessity of order, a place for everything and everything in its +place: the deficient appreciation of literature possessed by females: +the incongruity of an apple incuneated in a tumbler and of an umbrella +inclined in a closestool: the insecurity of hiding any secret document +behind, beneath or between the pages of a book. + +Which volume was the largest in bulk? + +Hozier’s _History of the Russo-Turkish War._ + +What among other data did the second volume of the work in question +contain? + +The name of a decisive battle (forgotten), frequently remembered by a +decisive officer, major Brian Cooper Tweedy (remembered). + +Why, firstly and secondly, did he not consult the work in question? + +Firstly, in order to exercise mnemotechnic: secondly, because after an +interval of amnesia, when, seated at the central table, about to +consult the work in question, he remembered by mnemotechnic the name of +the military engagement, Plevna. + +What caused him consolation in his sitting posture? + +The candour, nudity, pose, tranquility, youth, grace, sex, counsel of a +statue erect in the centre of the table, an image of Narcissus +purchased by auction from P. A. Wren, 9 Bachelor’s Walk. + +What caused him irritation in his sitting posture? + +Inhibitory pressure of collar (size 17) and waistcoat (5 buttons), two +articles of clothing superfluous in the costume of mature males and +inelastic to alterations of mass by expansion. + +How was the irritation allayed? + +He removed his collar, with contained black necktie and collapsible +stud, from his neck to a position on the left of the table. He +unbuttoned successively in reversed direction waistcoat, trousers, +shirt and vest along the medial line of irregular incrispated black +hairs extending in triangular convergence from the pelvic basin over +the circumference of the abdomen and umbilicular fossicle along the +medial line of nodes to the intersection of the sixth pectoral +vertebrae, thence produced both ways at right angles and terminating in +circles described about two equidistant points, right and left, on the +summits of the mammary prominences. He unbraced successively each of +six minus one braced trouser buttons, arranged in pairs, of which one +incomplete. + +What involuntary actions followed? + +He compressed between 2 fingers the flesh circumjacent to a cicatrice +in the left infracostal region below the diaphragm resulting from a +sting inflicted 2 weeks and 3 days previously (23 May 1904) by a bee. +He scratched imprecisely with his right hand, though insensible of +prurition, various points and surfaces of his partly exposed, wholly +abluted skin. He inserted his left hand into the left lower pocket of +his waistcoat and extracted and replaced a silver coin (1 shilling), +placed there (presumably) on the occasion (17 October 1903) of the +interment of Mrs Emily Sinico, Sydney Parade. + +Compile the budget for 16 June 1904. + + Debit + £. s. d. + 1 Pork kidney 0—0—3 + 1 Copy Freeman’s Journal 0—0—1 + 1 Bath and Gratification 0—1—6 + Tramfare 0—0—1 + 1 In Memoriam Patrick Dignam 0—5—0 + 2 Banbury cakes 0—0—1 + 1 Lunch 0—0—7 + 1 Renewal fee for book 0—1—0 + 1 Packet Notepaper and Envelopes 0—0—2 + 1 Dinner and Gratification 0—2—0 + 1 Postal Order and Stamp 0—2—8 + Tramfare 0—0—1 + 1 Pig’s Foot 0—0—4 + 1 Sheep’s Trotter 0—0—3 + 1 Cake Fry’s Plain Chocolate 0—0—1 + 1 Square Soda Bread 0—0—4 + 1 Coffee and Bun 0—0—4 + Loan (Stephen Dedalus) refunded 1—7—0 + BALANCE 0—16—6 + ————— + 2—19—3 + Credit + £. s. d. + Cash in hand 0—4—9 + Commission recd. Freeman’s Journal 1—7—6 + Loan (Stephen Dedalus) 1—7—0 + ————— + 2—19—3 +Did the process of divestiture continue? + +Did the process of divestiture continue? + +Sensible of a benignant persistent ache in his footsoles he extended +his foot to one side and observed the creases, protuberances and +salient points caused by foot pressure in the course of walking +repeatedly in several different directions, then, inclined, he disnoded +the laceknots, unhooked and loosened the laces, took off each of his +two boots for the second time, detached the partially moistened right +sock through the fore part of which the nail of his great toe had again +effracted, raised his right foot and, having unhooked a purple elastic +sock suspender, took off his right sock, placed his unclothed right +foot on the margin of the seat of his chair, picked at and gently +lacerated the protruding part of the great toenail, raised the part +lacerated to his nostrils and inhaled the odour of the quick, then, +with satisfaction, threw away the lacerated ungual fragment. + +Why with satisfaction? + +Because the odour inhaled corresponded to other odours inhaled of other +ungual fragments, picked and lacerated by Master Bloom, pupil of Mrs +Ellis’s juvenile school, patiently each night in the act of brief +genuflection and nocturnal prayer and ambitious meditation. + +In what ultimate ambition had all concurrent and consecutive ambitions +now coalesced? + +Not to inherit by right of primogeniture, gavelkind or borough English, +or possess in perpetuity an extensive demesne of a sufficient number of +acres, roods and perches, statute land measure (valuation £ 42), of +grazing turbary surrounding a baronial hall with gatelodge and carriage +drive nor, on the other hand, a terracehouse or semidetached villa, +described as _Rus in Urbe_ or _Qui si sana_, but to purchase by private +treaty in fee simple a thatched bungalowshaped 2 storey dwellinghouse +of southerly aspect, surmounted by vane and lightning conductor, +connected with the earth, with porch covered by parasitic plants (ivy +or Virginia creeper), halldoor, olive green, with smart carriage finish +and neat doorbrasses, stucco front with gilt tracery at eaves and +gable, rising, if possible, upon a gentle eminence with agreeable +prospect from balcony with stone pillar parapet over unoccupied and +unoccupyable interjacent pastures and standing in 5 or 6 acres of its +own ground, at such a distance from the nearest public thoroughfare as +to render its houselights visible at night above and through a quickset +hornbeam hedge of topiary cutting, situate at a given point not less +than 1 statute mile from the periphery of the metropolis, within a time +limit of not more than 15 minutes from tram or train line (e.g., +Dundrum, south, or Sutton, north, both localities equally reported by +trial to resemble the terrestrial poles in being favourable climates +for phthisical subjects), the premises to be held under feefarm grant, +lease 999 years, the messuage to consist of 1 drawingroom with +baywindow (2 lancets), thermometer affixed, 1 sittingroom, 4 bedrooms, +2 servants’ rooms, tiled kitchen with close range and scullery, lounge +hall fitted with linen wallpresses, fumed oak sectional bookcase +containing the Encyclopaedia Britannica and New Century Dictionary, +transverse obsolete medieval and oriental weapons, dinner gong, +alabaster lamp, bowl pendant, vulcanite automatic telephone receiver +with adjacent directory, handtufted Axminster carpet with cream ground +and trellis border, loo table with pillar and claw legs, hearth with +massive firebrasses and ormolu mantel chronometer clock, guaranteed +timekeeper with cathedral chime, barometer with hygrographic chart, +comfortable lounge settees and corner fitments, upholstered in ruby +plush with good springing and sunk centre, three banner Japanese screen +and cuspidors (club style, rich winecoloured leather, gloss renewable +with a minimum of labour by use of linseed oil and vinegar) and +pyramidically prismatic central chandelier lustre, bentwood perch with +fingertame parrot (expurgated language), embossed mural paper at 10/- +per dozen with transverse swags of carmine floral design and top crown +frieze, staircase, three continuous flights at successive right angles, +of varnished cleargrained oak, treads and risers, newel, balusters and +handrail, with steppedup panel dado, dressed with camphorated wax: +bathroom, hot and cold supply, reclining and shower: water closet on +mezzanine provided with opaque singlepane oblong window, tipup seat, +bracket lamp, brass tierod and brace, armrests, footstool and artistic +oleograph on inner face of door: ditto, plain: servants’ apartments +with separate sanitary and hygienic necessaries for cook, general and +betweenmaid (salary, rising by biennial unearned increments of £ 2, +with comprehensive fidelity insurance, annual bonus (£ 1) and retiring +allowance (based on the 65 system) after 30 years’ service), pantry, +buttery, larder, refrigerator, outoffices, coal and wood cellarage with +winebin (still and sparkling vintages) for distinguished guests, if +entertained to dinner (evening dress), carbon monoxide gas supply +throughout. + +What additional attractions might the grounds contain? + +As addenda, a tennis and fives court, a shrubbery, a glass summerhouse +with tropical palms, equipped in the best botanical manner, a rockery +with waterspray, a beehive arranged on humane principles, oval +flowerbeds in rectangular grassplots set with eccentric ellipses of +scarlet and chrome tulips, blue scillas, crocuses, polyanthus, sweet +William, sweet pea, lily of the valley (bulbs obtainable from sir James +W. Mackey (Limited) wholesale and retail seed and bulb merchants and +nurserymen, agents for chemical manures, 23 Sackville street, upper), +an orchard, kitchen garden and vinery, protected against illegal +trespassers by glasstopped mural enclosures, a lumbershed with padlock +for various inventoried implements. + +As? + +Eeltraps, lobsterpots, fishingrods, hatchet, steelyard, grindstone, +clodcrusher, swatheturner, carriagesack, telescope ladder, 10 tooth +rake, washing clogs, haytedder, tumbling rake, billhook, paintpot, +brush, hoe and so on. + +What improvements might be subsequently introduced? + +A rabbitry and fowlrun, a dovecote, a botanical conservatory, 2 +hammocks (lady’s and gentleman’s), a sundial shaded and sheltered by +laburnum or lilac trees, an exotically harmonically accorded Japanese +tinkle gatebell affixed to left lateral gatepost, a capacious +waterbutt, a lawnmower with side delivery and grassbox, a lawnsprinkler +with hydraulic hose. + +What facilities of transit were desirable? + +When citybound frequent connection by train or tram from their +respective intermediate station or terminal. When countrybound +velocipedes, a chainless freewheel roadster cycle with side basketcar +attached, or draught conveyance, a donkey with wicker trap or smart +phaeton with good working solidungular cob (roan gelding, 14 h). + +What might be the name of this erigible or erected residence? + +Bloom Cottage. Saint Leopold’s. Flowerville. + +Could Bloom of 7 Eccles street foresee Bloom of Flowerville? + +In loose allwool garments with Harris tweed cap, price 8/6, and useful +garden boots with elastic gussets and wateringcan, planting aligned +young firtrees, syringing, pruning, staking, sowing hayseed, trundling +a weedladen wheelbarrow without excessive fatigue at sunset amid the +scent of newmown hay, ameliorating the soil, multiplying wisdom, +achieving longevity. + +What syllabus of intellectual pursuits was simultaneously possible? + +Snapshot photography, comparative study of religions, folklore relative +to various amatory and superstitious practices, contemplation of the +celestial constellations. + +What lighter recreations? + +Outdoor: garden and fieldwork, cycling on level macadamised causeways, +ascents of moderately high hills, natation in secluded fresh water and +unmolested river boating in secure wherry or light curricle with kedge +anchor on reaches free from weirs and rapids (period of estivation), +vespertinal perambulation or equestrian circumprocession with +inspection of sterile landscape and contrastingly agreeable cottagers’ +fires of smoking peat turves (period of hibernation). Indoor: +discussion in tepid security of unsolved historical and criminal +problems: lecture of unexpurgated exotic erotic masterpieces: house +carpentry with toolbox containing hammer, awl, nails, screws, tintacks, +gimlet, tweezers, bullnose plane and turnscrew. + +Might he become a gentleman farmer of field produce and live stock? + +Not impossibly, with 1 or 2 stripper cows, 1 pike of upland hay and +requisite farming implements, e.g., an end-to-end churn, a turnip +pulper etc. + +What would be his civic functions and social status among the county +families and landed gentry? + +Arranged successively in ascending powers of hierarchical order, that +of gardener, groundsman, cultivator, breeder, and at the zenith of his +career, resident magistrate or justice of the peace with a family crest +and coat of arms and appropriate classical motto _(Semper paratus_), +duly recorded in the court directory (Bloom, Leopold P., M. P., P. C., +K. P., L. L. D. (_honoris causa_), Bloomville, Dundrum) and mentioned +in court and fashionable intelligence (Mr and Mrs Leopold Bloom have +left Kingstown for England). + +What course of action did he outline for himself in such capacity? + +A course that lay between undue clemency and excessive rigour: the +dispensation in a heterogeneous society of arbitrary classes, +incessantly rearranged in terms of greater and lesser social +inequality, of unbiassed homogeneous indisputable justice, tempered +with mitigants of the widest possible latitude but exactable to the +uttermost farthing with confiscation of estate, real and personal, to +the crown. Loyal to the highest constituted power in the land, actuated +by an innate love of rectitude his aims would be the strict maintenance +of public order, the repression of many abuses though not of all +simultaneously (every measure of reform or retrenchment being a +preliminary solution to be contained by fluxion in the final solution), +the upholding of the letter of the law (common, statute and law +merchant) against all traversers in covin and trespassers acting in +contravention of bylaws and regulations, all resuscitators (by trespass +and petty larceny of kindlings) of venville rights, obsolete by +desuetude, all orotund instigators of international persecution, all +perpetuators of international animosities, all menial molestors of +domestic conviviality, all recalcitrant violators of domestic +connubiality. + +Prove that he had loved rectitude from his earliest youth. + +To Master Percy Apjohn at High School in 1880 he had divulged his +disbelief in the tenets of the Irish (protestant) church (to which his +father Rudolf Virag (later Rudolph Bloom) had been converted from the +Israelitic faith and communion in 1865 by the Society for promoting +Christianity among the jews) subsequently abjured by him in favour of +Roman catholicism at the epoch of and with a view to his matrimony in +1888. To Daniel Magrane and Francis Wade in 1882 during a juvenile +friendship (terminated by the premature emigration of the former) he +had advocated during nocturnal perambulations the political theory of +colonial (e.g. Canadian) expansion and the evolutionary theories of +Charles Darwin, expounded in _The Descent of Man_ and _The Origin of +Species_. In 1885 he had publicly expressed his adherence to the +collective and national economic programme advocated by James Fintan +Lalor, John Fisher Murray, John Mitchel, J. F. X. O’Brien and others, +the agrarian policy of Michael Davitt, the constitutional agitation of +Charles Stewart Parnell (M. P. for Cork City), the programme of peace, +retrenchment and reform of William Ewart Gladstone (M. P. for +Midlothian, N. B.) and, in support of his political convictions, had +climbed up into a secure position amid the ramifications of a tree on +Northumberland road to see the entrance (2 February 1888) into the +capital of a demonstrative torchlight procession of 20,000 +torchbearers, divided into 120 trade corporations, bearing 2000 torches +in escort of the marquess of Ripon and (honest) John Morley. + +How much and how did he propose to pay for this country residence? + +As per prospectus of the Industrious Foreign Acclimatised Nationalised +Friendly Stateaided Building Society (incorporated 1874), a maximum of +£ 60 per annum, being 1/6 of an assured income, derived from giltedged +securities, representing at 5 % simple interest on capital of £ 1200 +(estimate of price at 20 years’ purchase), of which 1/3 to be paid on +acquisition and the balance in the form of annual rent, viz. £ 800 plus +2 1/2 % interest on the same, repayable quarterly in equal annual +instalments until extinction by amortisation of loan advanced for +purchase within a period of 20 years, amounting to an annual rental of +£ 64, headrent included, the titledeeds to remain in possession of the +lender or lenders with a saving clause envisaging forced sale, +foreclosure and mutual compensation in the event of protracted failure +to pay the terms assigned, otherwise the messuage to become the +absolute property of the tenant occupier upon expiry of the period of +years stipulated. + +What rapid but insecure means to opulence might facilitate immediate +purchase? + +A private wireless telegraph which would transmit by dot and dash +system the result of a national equine handicap (flat or steeplechase) +of 1 or more miles and furlongs won by an outsider at odds of 50 to 1 +at 3 hr 8 m p.m. at Ascot (Greenwich time), the message being received +and available for betting purposes in Dublin at 2.59 p.m. (Dunsink +time). The unexpected discovery of an object of great monetary value +(precious stone, valuable adhesive or impressed postage stamps (7 +schilling, mauve, imperforate, Hamburg, 1866: 4 pence, rose, blue +paper, perforate, Great Britain, 1855: 1 franc, stone, official, +rouletted, diagonal surcharge, Luxemburg, 1878), antique dynastical +ring, unique relic) in unusual repositories or by unusual means: from +the air (dropped by an eagle in flight), by fire (amid the carbonised +remains of an incendiated edifice), in the sea (amid flotsam, jetsam, +lagan and derelict), on earth (in the gizzard of a comestible fowl). A +Spanish prisoner’s donation of a distant treasure of valuables or +specie or bullion lodged with a solvent banking corporation 100 years +previously at 5% compound interest of the collective worth of £ +5,000,000 stg (five million pounds sterling). A contract with an +inconsiderate contractee for the delivery of 32 consignments of some +given commodity in consideration of cash payment on delivery per +delivery at the initial rate of 1/4d to be increased constantly in the +geometrical progression of 2 (1/4d, 1/2d, 1d, 2d, 4d, 8d, 1s 4d, 2s 8d +to 32 terms). A prepared scheme based on a study of the laws of +probability to break the bank at Monte Carlo. A solution of the secular +problem of the quadrature of the circle, government premium £ 1,000,000 +sterling. + +Was vast wealth acquirable through industrial channels? + +The reclamation of dunams of waste arenary soil, proposed in the +prospectus of Agendath Netaim, Bleibtreustrasse, Berlin, W. 15, by the +cultivation of orange plantations and melonfields and reafforestation. +The utilisation of waste paper, fells of sewer rodents, human excrement +possessing chemical properties, in view of the vast production of the +first, vast number of the second and immense quantity of the third, +every normal human being of average vitality and appetite producing +annually, cancelling byproducts of water, a sum total of 80 lbs. (mixed +animal and vegetable diet), to be multiplied by 4,386,035, the total +population of Ireland according to census returns of 1901. + +Were there schemes of wider scope? + +A scheme to be formulated and submitted for approval to the harbour +commissioners for the exploitation of white coal (hydraulic power), +obtained by hydroelectric plant at peak of tide at Dublin bar or at +head of water at Poulaphouca or Powerscourt or catchment basins of main +streams for the economic production of 500,000 W. H. P. of electricity. +A scheme to enclose the peninsular delta of the North Bull at +Dollymount and erect on the space of the foreland, used for golf links +and rifle ranges, an asphalted esplanade with casinos, booths, shooting +galleries, hotels, boardinghouses, readingrooms, establishments for +mixed bathing. A scheme for the use of dogvans and goatvans for the +delivery of early morning milk. A scheme for the development of Irish +tourist traffic in and around Dublin by means of petrolpropelled +riverboats, plying in the fluvial fairway between Island bridge and +Ringsend, charabancs, narrow gauge local railways, and pleasure +steamers for coastwise navigation (10/- per person per day, guide +(trilingual) included). A scheme for the repristination of passenger +and goods traffics over Irish waterways, when freed from weedbeds. A +scheme to connect by tramline the Cattle Market (North Circular road +and Prussia street) with the quays (Sheriff street, lower, and East +Wall), parallel with the Link line railway laid (in conjunction with +the Great Southern and Western railway line) between the cattle park, +Liffey junction, and terminus of Midland Great Western Railway 43 to 45 +North Wall, in proximity to the terminal stations or Dublin branches of +Great Central Railway, Midland Railway of England, City of Dublin Steam +Packet Company, Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Company, Dublin and +Glasgow Steam Packet Company, Glasgow, Dublin and Londonderry Steam +Packet Company (Laird line), British and Irish Steam Packet Company, +Dublin and Morecambe Steamers, London and North Western Railway +Company, Dublin Port and Docks Board Landing Sheds and transit sheds of +Palgrave, Murphy and Company, steamship owners, agents for steamers +from Mediterranean, Spain, Portugal, France, Belgium and Holland and +for Liverpool Underwriters’ Association, the cost of acquired rolling +stock for animal transport and of additional mileage operated by the +Dublin United Tramways Company, limited, to be covered by graziers’ +fees. + +Positing what protasis would the contraction for such several schemes +become a natural and necessary apodosis? + +Given a guarantee equal to the sum sought, the support, by deed of gift +and transfer vouchers during donor’s lifetime or by bequest after +donor’s painless extinction, of eminent financiers (Blum Pasha, +Rothschild, Guggenheim, Hirsch, Montefiore, Morgan, Rockefeller) +possessing fortunes in 6 figures, amassed during a successful life, and +joining capital with opportunity the thing required was done. + +What eventuality would render him independent of such wealth? + +The independent discovery of a goldseam of inexhaustible ore. + +For what reason did he meditate on schemes so difficult of realisation? + +It was one of his axioms that similar meditations or the automatic +relation to himself of a narrative concerning himself or tranquil +recollection of the past when practised habitually before retiring for +the night alleviated fatigue and produced as a result sound repose and +renovated vitality. + +His justifications? + +As a physicist he had learned that of the 70 years of complete human +life at least 2/7, viz. 20 years are passed in sleep. As a philosopher +he knew that at the termination of any allotted life only an +infinitesimal part of any person’s desires has been realised. As a +physiologist he believed in the artificial placation of malignant +agencies chiefly operative during somnolence. + +What did he fear? + +The committal of homicide or suicide during sleep by an aberration of +the light of reason, the incommensurable categorical intelligence +situated in the cerebral convolutions. + +What were habitually his final meditations? + +Of some one sole unique advertisement to cause passers to stop in +wonder, a poster novelty, with all extraneous accretions excluded, +reduced to its simplest and most efficient terms not exceeding the span +of casual vision and congruous with the velocity of modern life. + +What did the first drawer unlocked contain? + +A Vere Foster’s handwriting copybook, property of Milly (Millicent) +Bloom, certain pages of which bore diagram drawings, marked _Papli_, +which showed a large globular head with 5 hairs erect, 2 eyes in +profile, the trunk full front with 3 large buttons, 1 triangular foot: +2 fading photographs of queen Alexandra of England and of Maud +Branscombe, actress and professional beauty: a Yuletide card, bearing +on it a pictorial representation of a parasitic plant, the legend +_Mizpah_, the date Xmas 1892, the name of the senders: from Mr + Mrs M. +Comerford, the versicle: _May this Yuletide bring to thee, Joy and +peace and welcome glee_: a butt of red partly liquefied sealing wax, +obtained from the stores department of Messrs Hely’s, Ltd., 89, 90, and +91 Dame street: a box containing the remainder of a gross of gilt “J” +pennibs, obtained from same department of same firm: an old sandglass +which rolled containing sand which rolled: a sealed prophecy (never +unsealed) written by Leopold Bloom in 1886 concerning the consequences +of the passing into law of William Ewart Gladstone’s Home Rule bill of +1886 (never passed into law): a bazaar ticket, No 2004, of S. Kevin’s +Charity Fair, price 6d, 100 prizes: an infantile epistle, dated, small +em monday, reading: capital pee Papli comma capital aitch How are you +note of interrogation capital eye I am very well full stop new +paragraph signature with flourishes capital em Milly no stop: a cameo +brooch, property of Ellen Bloom (born Higgins), deceased: a cameo +scarfpin, property of Rudolph Bloom (born Virag), deceased: 3 +typewritten letters, addressee, Henry Flower, c/o. P. O. Westland Row, +addresser, Martha Clifford, c/o. P. O. Dolphin’s Barn: the +transliterated name and address of the addresser of the 3 letters in +reversed alphabetic boustrophedonic punctated quadrilinear cryptogram +(vowels suppressed) N. IGS./WI. UU. OX/W. OKS. MH/Y. IM: a press +cutting from an English weekly periodical _Modern Society_, subject +corporal chastisement in girls’ schools: a pink ribbon which had +festooned an Easter egg in the year 1899: two partly uncoiled rubber +preservatives with reserve pockets, purchased by post from Box 32, P. +O., Charing Cross, London, W. C.: 1 pack of 1 dozen creamlaid envelopes +and feintruled notepaper, watermarked, now reduced by 3: some assorted +Austrian-Hungarian coins: 2 coupons of the Royal and Privileged +Hungarian Lottery: a lowpower magnifying glass: 2 erotic photocards +showing a) buccal coition between nude senorita (rere presentation, +superior position) and nude torero (fore presentation, inferior +position) b) anal violation by male religious (fully clothed, eyes +abject) of female religious (partly clothed, eyes direct), purchased by +post from Box 32, P. O., Charing Cross, London, W. C.: a press cutting +of recipe for renovation of old tan boots: a 1d adhesive stamp, +lavender, of the reign of Queen Victoria: a chart of the measurements +of Leopold Bloom compiled before, during and after 2 months’ +consecutive use of Sandow-Whiteley’s pulley exerciser (men’s 15/-, +athlete’s 20/-) viz. chest 28 in and 29 1/2 in, biceps 9 in and 10 in, +forearm 8 1/2 in and 9 in, thigh 10 in and 12 in, calf 11 in and 12 in: +1 prospectus of The Wonderworker, the world’s greatest remedy for +rectal complaints, direct from Wonderworker, Coventry House, South +Place, London E C, addressed (erroneously) to Mrs L. Bloom with brief +accompanying note commencing (erroneously): Dear Madam. + +Quote the textual terms in which the prospectus claimed advantages for +this thaumaturgic remedy. + +It heals and soothes while you sleep, in case of trouble in breaking +wind, assists nature in the most formidable way, insuring instant +relief in discharge of gases, keeping parts clean and free natural +action, an initial outlay of 7/6 making a new man of you and life worth +living. Ladies find Wonderworker especially useful, a pleasant surprise +when they note delightful result like a cool drink of fresh spring +water on a sultry summer’s day. Recommend it to your lady and gentlemen +friends, lasts a lifetime. Insert long round end. Wonderworker. + +Were there testimonials? + +Numerous. From clergyman, British naval officer, wellknown author, city +man, hospital nurse, lady, mother of five, absentminded beggar. + +How did absentminded beggar’s concluding testimonial conclude? + +What a pity the government did not supply our men with wonderworkers +during the South African campaign! What a relief it would have been! + +What object did Bloom add to this collection of objects? + +A 4th typewritten letter received by Henry Flower (let H. F. be L. B.) +from Martha Clifford (find M. C.). + +What pleasant reflection accompanied this action? + +The reflection that, apart from the letter in question, his magnetic +face, form and address had been favourably received during the course +of the preceding day by a wife (Mrs Josephine Breen, born Josie +Powell), a nurse, Miss Callan (Christian name unknown), a maid, +Gertrude (Gerty, family name unknown). + +What possibility suggested itself? + +The possibility of exercising virile power of fascination in the not +immediate future after an expensive repast in a private apartment in +the company of an elegant courtesan, of corporal beauty, moderately +mercenary, variously instructed, a lady by origin. + +What did the 2nd drawer contain? + +Documents: the birth certificate of Leopold Paula Bloom: an endowment +assurance policy of £ 500 in the Scottish Widows’ Assurance Society, +intestated Millicent (Milly) Bloom, coming into force at 25 years as +with profit policy of £ 430, £ 462-10-0 and £ 500 at 60 years or death, +65 years or death and death, respectively, or with profit policy +(paidup) of £ 299-10-0 together with cash payment of £ 133-10-0, at +option: a bank passbook issued by the Ulster Bank, College Green branch +showing statement of a/c for halfyear ending 31 December 1903, balance +in depositor’s favour: £ 18-14-6 (eighteen pounds, fourteen shillings +and sixpence, sterling), net personalty: certificate of possession of £ +900, Canadian 4% (inscribed) government stock (free of stamp duty): +dockets of the Catholic Cemeteries’ (Glasnevin) Committee, relative to +a graveplot purchased: a local press cutting concerning change of name +by deedpoll. + +Quote the textual terms of this notice. + +I, Rudolph Virag, now resident at no 52 Clanbrassil street, Dublin, +formerly of Szombathely in the kingdom of Hungary, hereby give notice +that I have assumed and intend henceforth upon all occasions and at all +times to be known by the name of Rudolph Bloom. + +What other objects relative to Rudolph Bloom (born Virag) were in the +2nd drawer? + +An indistinct daguerreotype of Rudolf Virag and his father Leopold +Virag executed in the year 1852 in the portrait atelier of their +(respectively) 1st and 2nd cousin, Stefan Virag of Szesfehervar, +Hungary. An ancient haggadah book in which a pair of hornrimmed convex +spectacles inserted marked the passage of thanksgiving in the ritual +prayers for Pessach (Passover): a photocard of the Queen’s Hotel, +Ennis, proprietor, Rudolph Bloom: an envelope addressed: _To My Dear +Son Leopold_. + +What fractions of phrases did the lecture of those five whole words +evoke? + +Tomorrow will be a week that I received... it is no use Leopold to be +... with your dear mother... that is not more to stand... to her... all +for me is out... be kind to Athos, Leopold... my dear son... always... +of me... _das Herz... Gott... dein_... + +What reminiscences of a human subject suffering from progressive +melancholia did these objects evoke in Bloom? + +An old man, widower, unkempt of hair, in bed, with head covered, +sighing: an infirm dog, Athos: aconite, resorted to by increasing doses +of grains and scruples as a palliative of recrudescent neuralgia: the +face in death of a septuagenarian, suicide by poison. + +Why did Bloom experience a sentiment of remorse? + +Because in immature impatience he had treated with disrespect certain +beliefs and practices. + +As? + +The prohibition of the use of fleshmeat and milk at one meal: the +hebdomadary symposium of incoordinately abstract, perfervidly concrete +mercantile coexreligionist excompatriots: the circumcision of male +infants: the supernatural character of Judaic scripture: the +ineffability of the tetragrammaton: the sanctity of the sabbath. + +How did these beliefs and practices now appear to him? + +Not more rational than they had then appeared, not less rational than +other beliefs and practices now appeared. + +What first reminiscence had he of Rudolph Bloom (deceased)? + +Rudolph Bloom (deceased) narrated to his son Leopold Bloom (aged 6) a +retrospective arrangement of migrations and settlements in and between +Dublin, London, Florence, Milan, Vienna, Budapest, Szombathely with +statements of satisfaction (his grandfather having seen Maria Theresia, +empress of Austria, queen of Hungary), with commercial advice (having +taken care of pence, the pounds having taken care of themselves). +Leopold Bloom (aged 6) had accompanied these narrations by constant +consultation of a geographical map of Europe (political) and by +suggestions for the establishment of affiliated business premises in +the various centres mentioned. + +Had time equally but differently obliterated the memory of these +migrations in narrator and listener? + +In narrator by the access of years and in consequence of the use of +narcotic toxin: in listener by the access of years and in consequence +of the action of distraction upon vicarious experiences. + +What idiosyncracies of the narrator were concomitant products of +amnesia? + +Occasionally he ate without having previously removed his hat. +Occasionally he drank voraciously the juice of gooseberry fool from an +inclined plate. Occasionally he removed from his lips the traces of +food by means of a lacerated envelope or other accessible fragment of +paper. + +What two phenomena of senescence were more frequent? + +The myopic digital calculation of coins, eructation consequent upon +repletion. + +What object offered partial consolation for these reminiscences? + +The endowment policy, the bank passbook, the certificate of the +possession of scrip. + +Reduce Bloom by cross multiplication of reverses of fortune, from which +these supports protected him, and by elimination of all positive values +to a negligible negative irrational unreal quantity. + +Successively, in descending helotic order: Poverty: that of the outdoor +hawker of imitation jewellery, the dun for the recovery of bad and +doubtful debts, the poor rate and deputy cess collector. Mendicancy: +that of the fraudulent bankrupt with negligible assets paying 1/4d in +the £, sandwichman, distributor of throwaways, nocturnal vagrant, +insinuating sycophant, maimed sailor, blind stripling, superannuated +bailiff’s man, marfeast, lickplate, spoilsport, pickthank, eccentric +public laughingstock seated on bench of public park under discarded +perforated umbrella. Destitution: the inmate of Old Man’s House (Royal +Hospital), Kilmainham, the inmate of Simpson’s Hospital for reduced but +respectable men permanently disabled by gout or want of sight. Nadir of +misery: the aged impotent disfranchised ratesupported moribund lunatic +pauper. + +With which attendant indignities? + +The unsympathetic indifference of previously amiable females, the +contempt of muscular males, the acceptance of fragments of bread, the +simulated ignorance of casual acquaintances, the latration of +illegitimate unlicensed vagabond dogs, the infantile discharge of +decomposed vegetable missiles, worth little or nothing, nothing or less +than nothing. + +By what could such a situation be precluded? + +By decease (change of state): by departure (change of place). + +Which preferably? + +The latter, by the line of least resistance. + +What considerations rendered departure not entirely undesirable? + +Constant cohabitation impeding mutual toleration of personal defects. +The habit of independent purchase increasingly cultivated. The +necessity to counteract by impermanent sojourn the permanence of +arrest. + +What considerations rendered departure not irrational? + +The parties concerned, uniting, had increased and multiplied, which +being done, offspring produced and educed to maturity, the parties, if +not disunited were obliged to reunite for increase and multiplication, +which was absurd, to form by reunion the original couple of uniting +parties, which was impossible. + +What considerations rendered departure desirable? + +The attractive character of certain localities in Ireland and abroad, +as represented in general geographical maps of polychrome design or in +special ordnance survey charts by employment of scale numerals and +hachures. + +In Ireland? + +The cliffs of Moher, the windy wilds of Connemara, lough Neagh with +submerged petrified city, the Giant’s Causeway, Fort Camden and Fort +Carlisle, the Golden Vale of Tipperary, the islands of Aran, the +pastures of royal Meath, Brigid’s elm in Kildare, the Queen’s Island +shipyard in Belfast, the Salmon Leap, the lakes of Killarney. + +Abroad? + +Ceylon (with spicegardens supplying tea to Thomas Kernan, agent for +Pulbrook, Robertson and Co, 2 Mincing Lane, London, E. C., 5 Dame +street, Dublin), Jerusalem, the holy city (with mosque of Omar and gate +of Damascus, goal of aspiration), the straits of Gibraltar (the unique +birthplace of Marion Tweedy), the Parthenon (containing statues of nude +Grecian divinities), the Wall street money market (which controlled +international finance), the Plaza de Toros at La Linea, Spain (where +O’Hara of the Camerons had slain the bull), Niagara (over which no +human being had passed with impunity), the land of the Eskimos (eaters +of soap), the forbidden country of Thibet (from which no traveller +returns), the bay of Naples (to see which was to die), the Dead Sea. + +Under what guidance, following what signs? + +At sea, septentrional, by night the polestar, located at the point of +intersection of the right line from beta to alpha in Ursa Maior +produced and divided externally at omega and the hypotenuse of the +rightangled triangle formed by the line alpha omega so produced and the +line alpha delta of Ursa Maior. On land, meridional, a bispherical +moon, revealed in imperfect varying phases of lunation through the +posterior interstice of the imperfectly occluded skirt of a carnose +negligent perambulating female, a pillar of the cloud by day. + +What public advertisement would divulge the occultation of the +departed? + +£ 5 reward, lost, stolen or strayed from his residence 7 Eccles street, +missing gent about 40, answering to the name of Bloom, Leopold (Poldy), +height 5 ft 9 1/2 inches, full build, olive complexion, may have since +grown a beard, when last seen was wearing a black suit. Above sum will +be paid for information leading to his discovery. + +What universal binomial denominations would be his as entity and +nonentity? + +Assumed by any or known to none. Everyman or Noman. + +What tributes his? + +Honour and gifts of strangers, the friends of Everyman. A nymph +immortal, beauty, the bride of Noman. + +Would the departed never nowhere nohow reappear? + +Ever he would wander, selfcompelled, to the extreme limit of his +cometary orbit, beyond the fixed stars and variable suns and telescopic +planets, astronomical waifs and strays, to the extreme boundary of +space, passing from land to land, among peoples, amid events. Somewhere +imperceptibly he would hear and somehow reluctantly, suncompelled, obey +the summons of recall. Whence, disappearing from the constellation of +the Northern Crown he would somehow reappear reborn above delta in the +constellation of Cassiopeia and after incalculable eons of +peregrination return an estranged avenger, a wreaker of justice on +malefactors, a dark crusader, a sleeper awakened, with financial +resources (by supposition) surpassing those of Rothschild or the silver +king. + +What would render such return irrational? + +An unsatisfactory equation between an exodus and return in time through +reversible space and an exodus and return in space through irreversible +time. + +What play of forces, inducing inertia, rendered departure undesirable? + +The lateness of the hour, rendering procrastinatory: the obscurity of +the night, rendering invisible: the uncertainty of thoroughfares, +rendering perilous: the necessity for repose, obviating movement: the +proximity of an occupied bed, obviating research: the anticipation of +warmth (human) tempered with coolness (linen), obviating desire and +rendering desirable: the statue of Narcissus, sound without echo, +desired desire. + +What advantages were possessed by an occupied, as distinct from an +unoccupied bed? + +The removal of nocturnal solitude, the superior quality of human +(mature female) to inhuman (hotwaterjar) calefaction, the stimulation +of matutinal contact, the economy of mangling done on the premises in +the case of trousers accurately folded and placed lengthwise between +the spring mattress (striped) and the woollen mattress (biscuit +section). + +What past consecutive causes, before rising preapprehended, of +accumulated fatigue did Bloom, before rising, silently recapitulate? + +The preparation of breakfast (burnt offering): intestinal congestion +and premeditative defecation (holy of holies): the bath (rite of John): +the funeral (rite of Samuel): the advertisement of Alexander Keyes +(Urim and Thummim): the unsubstantial lunch (rite of Melchisedek): the +visit to museum and national library (holy place): the bookhunt along +Bedford row, Merchants’ Arch, Wellington Quay (Simchath Torah): the +music in the Ormond Hotel (Shira Shirim): the altercation with a +truculent troglodyte in Bernard Kiernan’s premises (holocaust): a blank +period of time including a cardrive, a visit to a house of mourning, a +leavetaking (wilderness): the eroticism produced by feminine +exhibitionism (rite of Onan): the prolonged delivery of Mrs Mina +Purefoy (heave offering): the visit to the disorderly house of Mrs +Bella Cohen, 82 Tyrone street, lower, and subsequent brawl and chance +medley in Beaver street (Armageddon): nocturnal perambulation to and +from the cabman’s shelter, Butt Bridge (atonement). + +What selfimposed enigma did Bloom about to rise in order to go so as to +conclude lest he should not conclude involuntarily apprehend? + +The cause of a brief sharp unforeseen heard loud lone crack emitted by +the insentient material of a strainveined timber table. + +What selfinvolved enigma did Bloom risen, going, gathering +multicoloured multiform multitudinous garments, voluntarily +apprehending, not comprehend? + +Who was M’Intosh? + +What selfevident enigma pondered with desultory constancy during 30 +years did Bloom now, having effected natural obscurity by the +extinction of artificial light, silently suddenly comprehend? + +Where was Moses when the candle went out? + +What imperfections in a perfect day did Bloom, walking, charged with +collected articles of recently disvested male wearing apparel, +silently, successively, enumerate? + +A provisional failure to obtain renewal of an advertisement: to obtain +a certain quantity of tea from Thomas Kernan (agent for Pulbrook, +Robertson and Co, 5 Dame Street, Dublin, and 2 Mincing Lane, London E. +C.): to certify the presence or absence of posterior rectal orifice in +the case of Hellenic female divinities: to obtain admission (gratuitous +or paid) to the performance of _Leah_ by Mrs Bandmann Palmer at the +Gaiety Theatre, 46, 47, 48, 49 South King street. + +What impression of an absent face did Bloom, arrested, silently recall? + +The face of her father, the late Major Brian Cooper Tweedy, Royal +Dublin Fusiliers, of Gibraltar and Rehoboth, Dolphin’s Barn. + +What recurrent impressions of the same were possible by hypothesis? + +Retreating, at the terminus of the Great Northern Railway, Amiens +street, with constant uniform acceleration, along parallel lines +meeting at infinity, if produced: along parallel lines, reproduced from +infinity, with constant uniform retardation, at the terminus of the +Great Northern Railway, Amiens street, returning. + +What miscellaneous effects of female personal wearing apparel were +perceived by him? + +A pair of new inodorous halfsilk black ladies’ hose, a pair of new +violet garters, a pair of outsize ladies’ drawers of India mull, cut on +generous lines, redolent of opoponax, jessamine and Muratti’s Turkish +cigarettes and containing a long bright steel safety pin, folded +curvilinear, a camisole of batiste with thin lace border, an accordion +underskirt of blue silk moirette, all these objects being disposed +irregularly on the top of a rectangular trunk, quadruple battened, +having capped corners, with multicoloured labels, initialled on its +fore side in white lettering B. C. T. (Brian Cooper Tweedy). + +What impersonal objects were perceived? + +A commode, one leg fractured, totally covered by square cretonne +cutting, apple design, on which rested a lady’s black straw hat. +Orangekeyed ware, bought of Henry Price, basket, fancy goods, chinaware +and ironmongery manufacturer, 21, 22, 23 Moore street, disposed +irregularly on the washstand and floor and consisting of basin, +soapdish and brushtray (on the washstand, together), pitcher and night +article (on the floor, separate). + +Bloom’s acts? + +He deposited the articles of clothing on a chair, removed his remaining +articles of clothing, took from beneath the bolster at the head of the +bed a folded long white nightshirt, inserted his head and arms into the +proper apertures of the nightshirt, removed a pillow from the head to +the foot of the bed, prepared the bedlinen accordingly and entered the +bed. + +How? + +With circumspection, as invariably when entering an abode (his own or +not his own): with solicitude, the snakespiral springs of the mattress +being old, the brass quoits and pendent viper radii loose and tremulous +under stress and strain: prudently, as entering a lair or ambush of +lust or adders: lightly, the less to disturb: reverently, the bed of +conception and of birth, of consummation of marriage and of breach of +marriage, of sleep and of death. + +What did his limbs, when gradually extended, encounter? + +New clean bedlinen, additional odours, the presence of a human form, +female, hers, the imprint of a human form, male, not his, some crumbs, +some flakes of potted meat, recooked, which he removed. + +If he had smiled why would he have smiled? + +To reflect that each one who enters imagines himself to be the first to +enter whereas he is always the last term of a preceding series even if +the first term of a succeeding one, each imagining himself to be first, +last, only and alone whereas he is neither first nor last nor only nor +alone in a series originating in and repeated to infinity. + +What preceding series? + +Assuming Mulvey to be the first term of his series, Penrose, Bartell +d’Arcy, professor Goodwin, Julius Mastiansky, John Henry Menton, Father +Bernard Corrigan, a farmer at the Royal Dublin Society’s Horse Show, +Maggot O’Reilly, Matthew Dillon, Valentine Blake Dillon (Lord Mayor of +Dublin), Christopher Callinan, Lenehan, an Italian organgrinder, an +unknown gentleman in the Gaiety Theatre, Benjamin Dollard, Simon +Dedalus, Andrew (Pisser) Burke, Joseph Cuffe, Wisdom Hely, Alderman +John Hooper, Dr Francis Brady, Father Sebastian of Mount Argus, a +bootblack at the General Post Office, Hugh E. (Blazes) Boylan and so +each and so on to no last term. + +What were his reflections concerning the last member of this series and +late occupant of the bed? + +Reflections on his vigour (a bounder), corporal proportion (a +billsticker), commercial ability (a bester), impressionability (a +boaster). + +Why for the observer impressionability in addition to vigour, corporal +proportion and commercial ability? + +Because he had observed with augmenting frequency in the preceding +members of the same series the same concupiscence, inflammably +transmitted, first with alarm, then with understanding, then with +desire, finally with fatigue, with alternating symptoms of epicene +comprehension and apprehension. + +With what antagonistic sentiments were his subsequent reflections +affected? + +Envy, jealousy, abnegation, equanimity. + +Envy? + +Of a bodily and mental male organism specially adapted for the +superincumbent posture of energetic human copulation and energetic +piston and cylinder movement necessary for the complete satisfaction of +a constant but not acute concupiscence resident in a bodily and mental +female organism, passive but not obtuse. + +Jealousy? + +Because a nature full and volatile in its free state, was alternately +the agent and reagent of attraction. Because attraction between +agent(s) and reagent(s) at all instants varied, with inverse proportion +of increase and decrease, with incessant circular extension and radial +reentrance. Because the controlled contemplation of the fluctuation of +attraction produced, if desired, a fluctuation of pleasure. + +Abnegation? + +In virtue of a) acquaintance initiated in September 1903 in the +establishment of George Mesias, merchant tailor and outfitter, 5 Eden +Quay, b) hospitality extended and received in kind, reciprocated and +reappropriated in person, c) comparative youth subject to impulses of +ambition and magnanimity, colleagual altruism and amorous egoism, d) +extraracial attraction, intraracial inhibition, supraracial +prerogative, e) an imminent provincial musical tour, common current +expenses, net proceeds divided. + +Equanimity? + +As as natural as any and every natural act of a nature expressed or +understood executed in natured nature by natural creatures in +accordance with his, her and their natured natures, of dissimilar +similarity. As not so calamitous as a cataclysmic annihilation of the +planet in consequence of a collision with a dark sun. As less +reprehensible than theft, highway robbery, cruelty to children and +animals, obtaining money under false pretences, forgery, embezzlement, +misappropriation of public money, betrayal of public trust, +malingering, mayhem, corruption of minors, criminal libel, blackmail, +contempt of court, arson, treason, felony, mutiny on the high seas, +trespass, burglary, jailbreaking, practice of unnatural vice, desertion +from armed forces in the field, perjury, poaching, usury, intelligence +with the king’s enemies, impersonation, criminal assault, manslaughter, +wilful and premeditated murder. As not more abnormal than all other +parallel processes of adaptation to altered conditions of existence, +resulting in a reciprocal equilibrium between the bodily organism and +its attendant circumstances, foods, beverages, acquired habits, +indulged inclinations, significant disease. As more than inevitable, +irreparable. + +Why more abnegation than jealousy, less envy than equanimity? + +From outrage (matrimony) to outrage (adultery) there arose nought but +outrage (copulation) yet the matrimonial violator of the matrimonially +violated had not been outraged by the adulterous violator of the +adulterously violated. + +What retribution, if any? + +Assassination, never, as two wrongs did not make one right. Duel by +combat, no. Divorce, not now. Exposure by mechanical artifice +(automatic bed) or individual testimony (concealed ocular witnesses), +not yet. Suit for damages by legal influence or simulation of assault +with evidence of injuries sustained (selfinflicted), not impossibly. +Hushmoney by moral influence, possibly. If any, positively, connivance, +introduction of emulation (material, a prosperous rival agency of +publicity: moral, a successful rival agent of intimacy), depreciation, +alienation, humiliation, separation protecting the one separated from +the other, protecting the separator from both. + +By what reflections did he, a conscious reactor against the void of +incertitude, justify to himself his sentiments? + +The preordained frangibility of the hymen: the presupposed +intangibility of the thing in itself: the incongruity and disproportion +between the selfprolonging tension of the thing proposed to be done and +the selfabbreviating relaxation of the thing done: the fallaciously +inferred debility of the female: the muscularity of the male: the +variations of ethical codes: the natural grammatical transition by +inversion involving no alteration of sense of an aorist preterite +proposition (parsed as masculine subject, monosyllabic onomatopoeic +transitive verb with direct feminine object) from the active voice into +its correlative aorist preterite proposition (parsed as feminine +subject, auxiliary verb and quasimonosyllabic onomatopoeic past +participle with complementary masculine agent) in the passive voice: +the continued product of seminators by generation: the continual +production of semen by distillation: the futility of triumph or protest +or vindication: the inanity of extolled virtue: the lethargy of +nescient matter: the apathy of the stars. + +In what final satisfaction did these antagonistic sentiments and +reflections, reduced to their simplest forms, converge? + +Satisfaction at the ubiquity in eastern and western terrestrial +hemispheres, in all habitable lands and islands explored or unexplored +(the land of the midnight sun, the islands of the blessed, the isles of +Greece, the land of promise), of adipose anterior and posterior female +hemispheres, redolent of milk and honey and of excretory sanguine and +seminal warmth, reminiscent of secular families of curves of amplitude, +insusceptible of moods of impression or of contrarieties of expression, +expressive of mute immutable mature animality. + +The visible signs of antesatisfaction? + +An approximate erection: a solicitous adversion: a gradual elevation: a +tentative revelation: a silent contemplation. + +Then? + +He kissed the plump mellow yellow smellow melons of her rump, on each +plump melonous hemisphere, in their mellow yellow furrow, with obscure +prolonged provocative melonsmellonous osculation. + +The visible signs of postsatisfaction? + +A silent contemplation: a tentative velation: a gradual abasement: a +solicitous aversion: a proximate erection. + +What followed this silent action? + +Somnolent invocation, less somnolent recognition, incipient excitation, +catechetical interrogation. + +With what modifications did the narrator reply to this interrogation? + +Negative: he omitted to mention the clandestine correspondence between +Martha Clifford and Henry Flower, the public altercation at, in and in +the vicinity of the licensed premises of Bernard Kiernan and Co, +Limited, 8, 9 and 10 Little Britain street, the erotic provocation and +response thereto caused by the exhibitionism of Gertrude (Gerty), +surname unknown. Positive: he included mention of a performance by Mrs +Bandmann Palmer of _Leah_ at the Gaiety Theatre, 46, 47, 48, 49 South +King street, an invitation to supper at Wynn’s (Murphy’s) Hotel, 35, 36 +and 37 Lower Abbey street, a volume of peccaminous pornographical +tendency entituled _Sweets of Sin_, anonymous author a gentleman of +fashion, a temporary concussion caused by a falsely calculated movement +in the course of a postcenal gymnastic display, the victim (since +completely recovered) being Stephen Dedalus, professor and author, +eldest surviving son of Simon Dedalus, of no fixed occupation, an +aeronautical feat executed by him (narrator) in the presence of a +witness, the professor and author aforesaid, with promptitude of +decision and gymnastic flexibility. + +Was the narration otherwise unaltered by modifications? + +Absolutely. + +Which event or person emerged as the salient point of his narration? + +Stephen Dedalus, professor and author. + +What limitations of activity and inhibitions of conjugal rights were +perceived by listener and narrator concerning themselves during the +course of this intermittent and increasingly more laconic narration? + +By the listener a limitation of fertility inasmuch as marriage had been +celebrated 1 calendar month after the 18th anniversary of her birth (8 +September 1870), viz. 8 October, and consummated on the same date with +female issue born 15 June 1889, having been anticipatorily consummated +on the 10 September of the same year and complete carnal intercourse, +with ejaculation of semen within the natural female organ, having last +taken place 5 weeks previous, viz. 27 November 1893, to the birth on 29 +December 1893 of second (and only male) issue, deceased 9 January 1894, +aged 11 days, there remained a period of 10 years, 5 months and 18 days +during which carnal intercourse had been incomplete, without +ejaculation of semen within the natural female organ. By the narrator a +limitation of activity, mental and corporal, inasmuch as complete +mental intercourse between himself and the listener had not taken place +since the consummation of puberty, indicated by catamenic hemorrhage, +of the female issue of narrator and listener, 15 September 1903, there +remained a period of 9 months and 1 day during which, in consequence of +a preestablished natural comprehension in incomprehension between the +consummated females (listener and issue), complete corporal liberty of +action had been circumscribed. + +How? + +By various reiterated feminine interrogation concerning the masculine +destination whither, the place where, the time at which, the duration +for which, the object with which in the case of temporary absences, +projected or effected. + +What moved visibly above the listener’s and the narrator’s invisible +thoughts? + +The upcast reflection of a lamp and shade, an inconstant series of +concentric circles of varying gradations of light and shadow. + +In what directions did listener and narrator lie? + +Listener, S. E. by E.: Narrator, N. W. by W.: on the 53rd parallel of +latitude, N., and 6th meridian of longitude, W.: at an angle of 45° to +the terrestrial equator. + +In what state of rest or motion? + +At rest relatively to themselves and to each other. In motion being +each and both carried westward, forward and rereward respectively, by +the proper perpetual motion of the earth through everchanging tracks of +neverchanging space. + +In what posture? + +Listener: reclined semilaterally, left, left hand under head, right leg +extended in a straight line and resting on left leg, flexed, in the +attitude of Gea-Tellus, fulfilled, recumbent, big with seed. Narrator: +reclined laterally, left, with right and left legs flexed, the index +finger and thumb of the right hand resting on the bridge of the nose, +in the attitude depicted in a snapshot photograph made by Percy Apjohn, +the childman weary, the manchild in the womb. + +Womb? Weary? + +He rests. He has travelled. + +With? + +Sinbad the Sailor and Tinbad the Tailor and Jinbad the Jailer and +Whinbad the Whaler and Ninbad the Nailer and Finbad the Failer and +Binbad the Bailer and Pinbad the Pailer and Minbad the Mailer and +Hinbad the Hailer and Rinbad the Railer and Dinbad the Kailer and +Vinbad the Quailer and Linbad the Yailer and Xinbad the Phthailer. + +When? + +Going to dark bed there was a square round Sinbad the Sailor roc’s +auk’s egg in the night of the bed of all the auks of the rocs of +Darkinbad the Brightdayler. + +Where? + +• + + + + +[ 18 ] + + +Yes because he never did a thing like that before as ask to get his +breakfast in bed with a couple of eggs since the _City Arms_ hotel when +he used to be pretending to be laid up with a sick voice doing his +highness to make himself interesting for that old faggot Mrs Riordan +that he thought he had a great leg of and she never left us a farthing +all for masses for herself and her soul greatest miser ever was +actually afraid to lay out 4d for her methylated spirit telling me all +her ailments she had too much old chat in her about politics and +earthquakes and the end of the world let us have a bit of fun first God +help the world if all the women were her sort down on bathingsuits and +lownecks of course nobody wanted her to wear them I suppose she was +pious because no man would look at her twice I hope Ill never be like +her a wonder she didnt want us to cover our faces but she was a +welleducated woman certainly and her gabby talk about Mr Riordan here +and Mr Riordan there I suppose he was glad to get shut of her and her +dog smelling my fur and always edging to get up under my petticoats +especially then still I like that in him polite to old women like that +and waiters and beggars too hes not proud out of nothing but not always +if ever he got anything really serious the matter with him its much +better for them to go into a hospital where everything is clean but I +suppose Id have to dring it into him for a month yes and then wed have +a hospital nurse next thing on the carpet have him staying there till +they throw him out or a nun maybe like the smutty photo he has shes as +much a nun as Im not yes because theyre so weak and puling when theyre +sick they want a woman to get well if his nose bleeds youd think it was +O tragic and that dyinglooking one off the south circular when he +sprained his foot at the choir party at the sugarloaf Mountain the day +I wore that dress Miss Stack bringing him flowers the worst old ones +she could find at the bottom of the basket anything at all to get into +a mans bedroom with her old maids voice trying to imagine he was dying +on account of her to never see thy face again though he looked more +like a man with his beard a bit grown in the bed father was the same +besides I hate bandaging and dosing when he cut his toe with the razor +paring his corns afraid hed get bloodpoisoning but if it was a thing I +was sick then wed see what attention only of course the woman hides it +not to give all the trouble they do yes he came somewhere Im sure by +his appetite anyway love its not or hed be off his feed thinking of her +so either it was one of those night women if it was down there he was +really and the hotel story he made up a pack of lies to hide it +planning it Hynes kept me who did I meet ah yes I met do you remember +Menton and who else who let me see that big babbyface I saw him and he +not long married flirting with a young girl at Pooles Myriorama and +turned my back on him when he slinked out looking quite conscious what +harm but he had the impudence to make up to me one time well done to +him mouth almighty and his boiled eyes of all the big stupoes I ever +met and thats called a solicitor only for I hate having a long wrangle +in bed or else if its not that its some little bitch or other he got in +with somewhere or picked up on the sly if they only knew him as well as +I do yes because the day before yesterday he was scribbling something a +letter when I came into the front room to show him Dignams death in the +paper as if something told me and he covered it up with the +blottingpaper pretending to be thinking about business so very probably +that was it to somebody who thinks she has a softy in him because all +men get a bit like that at his age especially getting on to forty he is +now so as to wheedle any money she can out of him no fool like an old +fool and then the usual kissing my bottom was to hide it not that I +care two straws now who he does it with or knew before that way though +Id like to find out so long as I dont have the two of them under my +nose all the time like that slut that Mary we had in Ontario terrace +padding out her false bottom to excite him bad enough to get the smell +of those painted women off him once or twice I had a suspicion by +getting him to come near me when I found the long hair on his coat +without that one when I went into the kitchen pretending he was +drinking water 1 woman is not enough for them it was all his fault of +course ruining servants then proposing that she could eat at our table +on Christmas day if you please O no thank you not in my house stealing +my potatoes and the oysters 2/6 per doz going out to see her aunt if +you please common robbery so it was but I was sure he had something on +with that one it takes me to find out a thing like that he said you +have no proof it was her proof O yes her aunt was very fond of oysters +but I told her what I thought of her suggesting me to go out to be +alone with her I wouldnt lower myself to spy on them the garters I +found in her room the Friday she was out that was enough for me a +little bit too much her face swelled up on her with temper when I gave +her her weeks notice I saw to that better do without them altogether do +out the rooms myself quicker only for the damn cooking and throwing out +the dirt I gave it to him anyhow either she or me leaves the house I +couldnt even touch him if I thought he was with a dirty barefaced liar +and sloven like that one denying it up to my face and singing about the +place in the W C too because she knew she was too well off yes because +he couldnt possibly do without it that long so he must do it somewhere +and the last time he came on my bottom when was it the night Boylan +gave my hand a great squeeze going along by the Tolka in my hand there +steals another I just pressed the back of his like that with my thumb +to squeeze back singing the young May moon shes beaming love because he +has an idea about him and me hes not such a fool he said Im dining out +and going to the Gaiety though Im not going to give him the +satisfaction in any case God knows hes a change in a way not to be +always and ever wearing the same old hat unless I paid some nicelooking +boy to do it since I cant do it myself a young boy would like me Id +confuse him a little alone with him if we were Id let him see my +garters the new ones and make him turn red looking at him seduce him I +know what boys feel with that down on their cheek doing that frigging +drawing out the thing by the hour question and answer would you do this +that and the other with the coalman yes with a bishop yes I would +because I told him about some dean or bishop was sitting beside me in +the jews temples gardens when I was knitting that woollen thing a +stranger to Dublin what place was it and so on about the monuments and +he tired me out with statues encouraging him making him worse than he +is who is in your mind now tell me who are you thinking of who is it +tell me his name who tell me who the german Emperor is it yes imagine +Im him think of him can you feel him trying to make a whore of me what +he never will he ought to give it up now at this age of his life simply +ruination for any woman and no satisfaction in it pretending to like it +till he comes and then finish it off myself anyway and it makes your +lips pale anyhow its done now once and for all with all the talk of the +world about it people make its only the first time after that its just +the ordinary do it and think no more about it why cant you kiss a man +without going and marrying him first you sometimes love to wildly when +you feel that way so nice all over you you cant help yourself I wish +some man or other would take me sometime when hes there and kiss me in +his arms theres nothing like a kiss long and hot down to your soul +almost paralyses you then I hate that confession when I used to go to +Father Corrigan he touched me father and what harm if he did where and +I said on the canal bank like a fool but whereabouts on your person my +child on the leg behind high up was it yes rather high up was it where +you sit down yes O Lord couldnt he say bottom right out and have done +with it what has that got to do with it and did you whatever way he put +it I forget no father and I always think of the real father what did he +want to know for when I already confessed it to God he had a nice fat +hand the palm moist always I wouldnt mind feeling it neither would he +Id say by the bullneck in his horsecollar I wonder did he know me in +the box I could see his face he couldnt see mine of course hed never +turn or let on still his eyes were red when his father died theyre lost +for a woman of course must be terrible when a man cries let alone them +Id like to be embraced by one in his vestments and the smell of incense +off him like the pope besides theres no danger with a priest if youre +married hes too careful about himself then give something to H H the +pope for a penance I wonder was he satisfied with me one thing I didnt +like his slapping me behind going away so familiarly in the hall though +I laughed Im not a horse or an ass am I I suppose he was thinking of +his fathers I wonder is he awake thinking of me or dreaming am I in it +who gave him that flower he said he bought he smelt of some kind of +drink not whisky or stout or perhaps the sweety kind of paste they +stick their bills up with some liqueur Id like to sip those richlooking +green and yellow expensive drinks those stagedoor johnnies drink with +the opera hats I tasted once with my finger dipped out of that American +that had the squirrel talking stamps with father he had all he could do +to keep himself from falling asleep after the last time after we took +the port and potted meat it had a fine salty taste yes because I felt +lovely and tired myself and fell asleep as sound as a top the moment I +popped straight into bed till that thunder woke me up God be merciful +to us I thought the heavens were coming down about us to punish us when +I blessed myself and said a Hail Mary like those awful thunderbolts in +Gibraltar as if the world was coming to an end and then they come and +tell you theres no God what could you do if it was running and rushing +about nothing only make an act of contrition the candle I lit that +evening in Whitefriars street chapel for the month of May see it +brought its luck though hed scoff if he heard because he never goes to +church mass or meeting he says your soul you have no soul inside only +grey matter because he doesnt know what it is to have one yes when I +lit the lamp because he must have come 3 or 4 times with that +tremendous big red brute of a thing he has I thought the vein or +whatever the dickens they call it was going to burst though his nose is +not so big after I took off all my things with the blinds down after my +hours dressing and perfuming and combing it like iron or some kind of a +thick crowbar standing all the time he must have eaten oysters I think +a few dozen he was in great singing voice no I never in all my life +felt anyone had one the size of that to make you feel full up he must +have eaten a whole sheep after whats the idea making us like that with +a big hole in the middle of us or like a Stallion driving it up into +you because thats all they want out of you with that determined vicious +look in his eye I had to halfshut my eyes still he hasnt such a +tremendous amount of spunk in him when I made him pull out and do it on +me considering how big it is so much the better in case any of it wasnt +washed out properly the last time I let him finish it in me nice +invention they made for women for him to get all the pleasure but if +someone gave them a touch of it themselves theyd know what I went +through with Milly nobody would believe cutting her teeth too and Mina +Purefoys husband give us a swing out of your whiskers filling her up +with a child or twins once a year as regular as the clock always with a +smell of children off her the one they called budgers or something like +a nigger with a shock of hair on it Jesusjack the child is a black the +last time I was there a squad of them falling over one another and +bawling you couldnt hear your ears supposed to be healthy not satisfied +till they have us swollen out like elephants or I dont know what +supposing I risked having another not off him though still if he was +married Im sure hed have a fine strong child but I dont know Poldy has +more spunk in him yes thatd be awfully jolly I suppose it was meeting +Josie Powell and the funeral and thinking about me and Boylan set him +off well he can think what he likes now if thatll do him any good I +know they were spooning a bit when I came on the scene he was dancing +and sitting out with her the night of Georgina Simpsons housewarming +and then he wanted to ram it down my neck it was on account of not +liking to see her a wallflower that was why we had the standup row over +politics he began it not me when he said about Our Lord being a +carpenter at last he made me cry of course a woman is so sensitive +about everything I was fuming with myself after for giving in only for +I knew he was gone on me and the first socialist he said He was he +annoyed me so much I couldnt put him into a temper still he knows a lot +of mixedup things especially about the body and the inside I often +wanted to study up that myself what we have inside us in that family +physician I could always hear his voice talking when the room was +crowded and watch him after that I pretended I had a coolness on with +her over him because he used to be a bit on the jealous side whenever +he asked who are you going to and I said over to Floey and he made me +the present of Byrons poems and the three pairs of gloves so that +finished that I could quite easily get him to make it up any time I +know how Id even supposing he got in with her again and was going out +to see her somewhere Id know if he refused to eat the onions I know +plenty of ways ask him to tuck down the collar of my blouse or touch +him with my veil and gloves on going out 1 kiss then would send them +all spinning however alright well see then let him go to her she of +course would only be too delighted to pretend shes mad in love with him +that I wouldnt so much mind Id just go to her and ask her do you love +him and look her square in the eyes she couldnt fool me but he might +imagine he was and make a declaration to her with his plabbery kind of +a manner like he did to me though I had the devils own job to get it +out of him though I liked him for that it showed he could hold in and +wasnt to be got for the asking he was on the pop of asking me too the +night in the kitchen I was rolling the potato cake theres something I +want to say to you only for I put him off letting on I was in a temper +with my hands and arms full of pasty flour in any case I let out too +much the night before talking of dreams so I didnt want to let him know +more than was good for him she used to be always embracing me Josie +whenever he was there meaning him of course glauming me over and when I +said I washed up and down as far as possible asking me and did you wash +possible the women are always egging on to that putting it on thick +when hes there they know by his sly eye blinking a bit putting on the +indifferent when they come out with something the kind he is what +spoils him I dont wonder in the least because he was very handsome at +that time trying to look like Lord Byron I said I liked though he was +too beautiful for a man and he was a little before we got engaged +afterwards though she didnt like it so much the day I was in fits of +laughing with the giggles I couldnt stop about all my hairpins falling +out one after another with the mass of hair I had youre always in great +humour she said yes because it grigged her because she knew what it +meant because I used to tell her a good bit of what went on between us +not all but just enough to make her mouth water but that wasnt my fault +she didnt darken the door much after we were married I wonder what shes +got like now after living with that dotty husband of hers she had her +face beginning to look drawn and run down the last time I saw her she +must have been just after a row with him because I saw on the moment +she was edging to draw down a conversation about husbands and talk +about him to run him down what was it she told me O yes that sometimes +he used to go to bed with his muddy boots on when the maggot takes him +just imagine having to get into bed with a thing like that that might +murder you any moment what a man well its not the one way everyone goes +mad Poldy anyhow whatever he does always wipes his feet on the mat when +he comes in wet or shine and always blacks his own boots too and he +always takes off his hat when he comes up in the street like then and +now hes going about in his slippers to look for £ 10000 for a postcard +U p up O sweetheart May wouldnt a thing like that simply bore you stiff +to extinction actually too stupid even to take his boots off now what +could you make of a man like that Id rather die 20 times over than +marry another of their sex of course hed never find another woman like +me to put up with him the way I do know me come sleep with me yes and +he knows that too at the bottom of his heart take that Mrs Maybrick +that poisoned her husband for what I wonder in love with some other man +yes it was found out on her wasnt she the downright villain to go and +do a thing like that of course some men can be dreadfully aggravating +drive you mad and always the worst word in the world what do they ask +us to marry them for if were so bad as all that comes to yes because +they cant get on without us white Arsenic she put in his tea off +flypaper wasnt it I wonder why they call it that if I asked him hed say +its from the Greek leave us as wise as we were before she must have +been madly in love with the other fellow to run the chance of being +hanged O she didnt care if that was her nature what could she do +besides theyre not brutes enough to go and hang a woman surely are they + +theyre all so different Boylan talking about the shape of my foot he +noticed at once even before he was introduced when I was in the D B C +with Poldy laughing and trying to listen I was waggling my foot we both +ordered 2 teas and plain bread and butter I saw him looking with his +two old maids of sisters when I stood up and asked the girl where it +was what do I care with it dropping out of me and that black closed +breeches he made me buy takes you half an hour to let them down wetting +all myself always with some brandnew fad every other week such a long +one I did I forgot my suede gloves on the seat behind that I never got +after some robber of a woman and he wanted me to put it in the Irish +times lost in the ladies lavatory D B C Dame street finder return to +Mrs Marion Bloom and I saw his eyes on my feet going out through the +turning door he was looking when I looked back and I went there for tea +2 days after in the hope but he wasnt now how did that excite him +because I was crossing them when we were in the other room first he +meant the shoes that are too tight to walk in my hand is nice like that +if I only had a ring with the stone for my month a nice aquamarine Ill +stick him for one and a gold bracelet I dont like my foot so much still +I made him spend once with my foot the night after Goodwins botchup of +a concert so cold and windy it was well we had that rum in the house to +mull and the fire wasnt black out when he asked to take off my +stockings lying on the hearthrug in Lombard street west and another +time it was my muddy boots hed like me to walk in all the horses dung I +could find but of course hes not natural like the rest of the world +that I what did he say I could give 9 points in 10 to Katty Lanner and +beat her what does that mean I asked him I forget what he said because +the stoppress edition just passed and the man with the curly hair in +the Lucan dairy thats so polite I think I saw his face before somewhere +I noticed him when I was tasting the butter so I took my time Bartell +DArcy too that he used to make fun of when he commenced kissing me on +the choir stairs after I sang Gounods _Ave Maria_ what are we waiting +for O my heart kiss me straight on the brow and part which is my brown +part he was pretty hot for all his tinny voice too my low notes he was +always raving about if you can believe him I liked the way he used his +mouth singing then he said wasnt it terrible to do that there in a +place like that I dont see anything so terrible about it Ill tell him +about that some day not now and surprise him ay and Ill take him there +and show him the very place too we did it so now there you are like it +or lump it he thinks nothing can happen without him knowing he hadnt an +idea about my mother till we were engaged otherwise hed never have got +me so cheap as he did he was 10 times worse himself anyhow begging me +to give him a tiny bit cut off my drawers that was the evening coming +along Kenilworth square he kissed me in the eye of my glove and I had +to take it off asking me questions is it permitted to enquire the shape +of my bedroom so I let him keep it as if I forgot it to think of me +when I saw him slip it into his pocket of course hes mad on the subject +of drawers thats plain to be seen always skeezing at those brazenfaced +things on the bicycles with their skirts blowing up to their navels +even when Milly and I were out with him at the open air fete that one +in the cream muslin standing right against the sun so he could see +every atom she had on when he saw me from behind following in the rain +I saw him before he saw me however standing at the corner of the +Harolds cross road with a new raincoat on him with the muffler in the +Zingari colours to show off his complexion and the brown hat looking +slyboots as usual what was he doing there where hed no business they +can go and get whatever they like from anything at all with a skirt on +it and were not to ask any questions but they want to know where were +you where are you going I could feel him coming along skulking after me +his eyes on my neck he had been keeping away from the house he felt it +was getting too warm for him so I halfturned and stopped then he +pestered me to say yes till I took off my glove slowly watching him he +said my openwork sleeves were too cold for the rain anything for an +excuse to put his hand anear me drawers drawers the whole blessed time +till I promised to give him the pair off my doll to carry about in his +waistcoat pocket _O Maria Santisima_ he did look a big fool dreeping in +the rain splendid set of teeth he had made me hungry to look at them +and beseeched of me to lift the orange petticoat I had on with the +sunray pleats that there was nobody he said hed kneel down in the wet +if I didnt so persevering he would too and ruin his new raincoat you +never know what freak theyd take alone with you theyre so savage for it +if anyone was passing so I lifted them a bit and touched his trousers +outside the way I used to Gardner after with my ring hand to keep him +from doing worse where it was too public I was dying to find out was he +circumcised he was shaking like a jelly all over they want to do +everything too quick take all the pleasure out of it and father waiting +all the time for his dinner he told me to say I left my purse in the +butchers and had to go back for it what a Deceiver then he wrote me +that letter with all those words in it how could he have the face to +any woman after his company manners making it so awkward after when we +met asking me have I offended you with my eyelids down of course he saw +I wasnt he had a few brains not like that other fool Henny Doyle he was +always breaking or tearing something in the charades I hate an unlucky +man and if I knew what it meant of course I had to say no for form sake +dont understand you I said and wasnt it natural so it is of course it +used to be written up with a picture of a womans on that wall in +Gibraltar with that word I couldnt find anywhere only for children +seeing it too young then writing every morning a letter sometimes twice +a day I liked the way he made love then he knew the way to take a woman +when he sent me the 8 big poppies because mine was the 8th then I wrote +the night he kissed my heart at Dolphins barn I couldnt describe it +simply it makes you feel like nothing on earth but he never knew how to +embrace well like Gardner I hope hell come on Monday as he said at the +same time four I hate people who come at all hours answer the door you +think its the vegetables then its somebody and you all undressed or the +door of the filthy sloppy kitchen blows open the day old frostyface +Goodwin called about the concert in Lombard street and I just after +dinner all flushed and tossed with boiling old stew dont look at me +professor I had to say Im a fright yes but he was a real old gent in +his way it was impossible to be more respectful nobody to say youre out +you have to peep out through the blind like the messengerboy today I +thought it was a putoff first him sending the port and the peaches +first and I was just beginning to yawn with nerves thinking he was +trying to make a fool of me when I knew his tattarrattat at the door he +must have been a bit late because it was 1/4 after 3 when I saw the 2 +Dedalus girls coming from school I never know the time even that watch +he gave me never seems to go properly Id want to get it looked after +when I threw the penny to that lame sailor for England home and beauty +when I was whistling there is a charming girl I love and I hadnt even +put on my clean shift or powdered myself or a thing then this day week +were to go to Belfast just as well he has to go to Ennis his fathers +anniversary the 27th it wouldnt be pleasant if he did suppose our rooms +at the hotel were beside each other and any fooling went on in the new +bed I couldnt tell him to stop and not bother me with him in the next +room or perhaps some protestant clergyman with a cough knocking on the +wall then hed never believe the next day we didnt do something its all +very well a husband but you cant fool a lover after me telling him we +never did anything of course he didnt believe me no its better hes +going where he is besides something always happens with him the time +going to the Mallow concert at Maryborough ordering boiling soup for +the two of us then the bell rang out he walks down the platform with +the soup splashing about taking spoonfuls of it hadnt he the nerve and +the waiter after him making a holy show of us screeching and confusion +for the engine to start but he wouldnt pay till he finished it the two +gentlemen in the 3rd class carriage said he was quite right so he was +too hes so pigheaded sometimes when he gets a thing into his head a +good job he was able to open the carriage door with his knife or theyd +have taken us on to Cork I suppose that was done out of revenge on him +O I love jaunting in a train or a car with lovely soft cushions I +wonder will he take a 1st class for me he might want to do it in the +train by tipping the guard well O I suppose therell be the usual idiots +of men gaping at us with their eyes as stupid as ever they can possibly +be that was an exceptional man that common workman that left us alone +in the carriage that day going to Howth Id like to find out something +about him 1 or 2 tunnels perhaps then you have to look out of the +window all the nicer then coming back suppose I never came back what +would they say eloped with him that gets you on on the stage the last +concert I sang at where its over a year ago when was it St Teresas hall +Clarendon St little chits of missies they have now singing Kathleen +Kearney and her like on account of father being in the army and my +singing the absentminded beggar and wearing a brooch for Lord Roberts +when I had the map of it all and Poldy not Irish enough was it him +managed it this time I wouldnt put it past him like he got me on to +sing in the _Stabat Mater_ by going around saying he was putting Lead +Kindly Light to music I put him up to that till the jesuits found out +he was a freemason thumping the piano lead Thou me on copied from some +old opera yes and he was going about with some of them Sinner Fein +lately or whatever they call themselves talking his usual trash and +nonsense he says that little man he showed me without the neck is very +intelligent the coming man Griffiths is he well he doesnt look it thats +all I can say still it must have been him he knew there was a boycott I +hate the mention of their politics after the war that Pretoria and +Ladysmith and Bloemfontein where Gardner lieut Stanley G 8th Bn 2nd +East Lancs Rgt of enteric fever he was a lovely fellow in khaki and +just the right height over me Im sure he was brave too he said I was +lovely the evening we kissed goodbye at the canal lock my Irish beauty +he was pale with excitement about going away or wed be seen from the +road he couldnt stand properly and I so hot as I never felt they could +have made their peace in the beginning or old oom Paul and the rest of +the other old Krugers go and fight it out between them instead of +dragging on for years killing any finelooking men there were with their +fever if he was even decently shot it wouldnt have been so bad I love +to see a regiment pass in review the first time I saw the Spanish +cavalry at La Roque it was lovely after looking across the bay from +Algeciras all the lights of the rock like fireflies or those sham +battles on the 15 acres the Black Watch with their kilts in time at the +march past the 10th hussars the prince of Wales own or the lancers O +the lancers theyre grand or the Dublins that won Tugela his father made +his money over selling the horses for the cavalry well he could buy me +a nice present up in Belfast after what I gave him theyve lovely linen +up there or one of those nice kimono things I must buy a mothball like +I had before to keep in the drawer with them it would be exciting going +round with him shopping buying those things in a new city better leave +this ring behind want to keep turning and turning to get it over the +knuckle there or they might bell it round the town in their papers or +tell the police on me but theyd think were married O let them all go +and smother themselves for the fat lot I care he has plenty of money +and hes not a marrying man so somebody better get it out of him if I +could find out whether he likes me I looked a bit washy of course when +I looked close in the handglass powdering a mirror never gives you the +expression besides scrooching down on me like that all the time with +his big hipbones hes heavy too with his hairy chest for this heat +always having to lie down for them better for him put it into me from +behind the way Mrs Mastiansky told me her husband made her like the +dogs do it and stick out her tongue as far as ever she could and he so +quiet and mild with his tingating cither can you ever be up to men the +way it takes them lovely stuff in that blue suit he had on and stylish +tie and socks with the skyblue silk things on them hes certainly +welloff I know by the cut his clothes have and his heavy watch but he +was like a perfect devil for a few minutes after he came back with the +stoppress tearing up the tickets and swearing blazes because he lost 20 +quid he said he lost over that outsider that won and half he put on for +me on account of Lenehans tip cursing him to the lowest pits that +sponger he was making free with me after the Glencree dinner coming +back that long joult over the featherbed mountain after the lord Mayor +looking at me with his dirty eyes Val Dillon that big heathen I first +noticed him at dessert when I was cracking the nuts with my teeth I +wished I could have picked every morsel of that chicken out of my +fingers it was so tasty and browned and as tender as anything only for +I didnt want to eat everything on my plate those forks and fishslicers +were hallmarked silver too I wish I had some I could easily have +slipped a couple into my muff when I was playing with them then always +hanging out of them for money in a restaurant for the bit you put down +your throat we have to be thankful for our mangy cup of tea itself as a +great compliment to be noticed the way the world is divided in any case +if its going to go on I want at least two other good chemises for one +thing and but I dont know what kind of drawers he likes none at all I +think didnt he say yes and half the girls in Gibraltar never wore them +either naked as God made them that Andalusian singing her Manola she +didnt make much secret of what she hadnt yes and the second pair of +silkette stockings is laddered after one days wear I could have brought +them back to Lewers this morning and kicked up a row and made that one +change them only not to upset myself and run the risk of walking into +him and ruining the whole thing and one of those kidfitting corsets Id +want advertised cheap in the Gentlewoman with elastic gores on the hips +he saved the one I have but thats no good what did they say they give a +delightful figure line 11/6 obviating that unsightly broad appearance +across the lower back to reduce flesh my belly is a bit too big Ill +have to knock off the stout at dinner or am I getting too fond of it +the last they sent from ORourkes was as flat as a pancake he makes his +money easy Larry they call him the old mangy parcel he sent at Xmas a +cottage cake and a bottle of hogwash he tried to palm off as claret +that he couldnt get anyone to drink God spare his spit for fear hed die +of the drouth or I must do a few breathing exercises I wonder is that +antifat any good might overdo it the thin ones are not so much the +fashion now garters that much I have the violet pair I wore today thats +all he bought me out of the cheque he got on the first O no there was +the face lotion I finished the last of yesterday that made my skin like +new I told him over and over again get that made up in the same place +and dont forget it God only knows whether he did after all I said to +him Ill know by the bottle anyway if not I suppose Ill only have to +wash in my piss like beeftea or chickensoup with some of that opoponax +and violet I thought it was beginning to look coarse or old a bit the +skin underneath is much finer where it peeled off there on my finger +after the burn its a pity it isnt all like that and the four paltry +handkerchiefs about 6/- in all sure you cant get on in this world +without style all going in food and rent when I get it Ill lash it +around I tell you in fine style I always want to throw a handful of tea +into the pot measuring and mincing if I buy a pair of old brogues +itself do you like those new shoes yes were they Ive no clothes at all +the brown costume and the skirt and jacket and the one at the cleaners +3 whats that for any woman cutting up this old hat and patching up the +other the men wont look at you and women try to walk on you because +they know youve no man then with all the things getting dearer every +day for the 4 years more I have of life up to 35 no Im what am I at all +Ill be 33 in September will I what O well look at that Mrs Galbraith +shes much older than me I saw her when I was out last week her beautys +on the wane she was a lovely woman magnificent head of hair on her down +to her waist tossing it back like that like Kitty OShea in Grantham +street 1st thing I did every morning to look across see her combing it +as if she loved it and was full of it pity I only got to know her the +day before we left and that Mrs Langtry the jersey lily the prince of +Wales was in love with I suppose hes like the first man going the roads +only for the name of a king theyre all made the one way only a black +mans Id like to try a beauty up to what was she 45 there was some funny +story about the jealous old husband what was it at all and an oyster +knife he went no he made her wear a kind of a tin thing round her and +the prince of Wales yes he had the oyster knife cant be true a thing +like that like some of those books he brings me the works of Master +Francois Somebody supposed to be a priest about a child born out of her +ear because her bumgut fell out a nice word for any priest to write and +her a—e as if any fool wouldnt know what that meant I hate that +pretending of all things with that old blackguards face on him anybody +can see its not true and that Ruby and Fair Tyrants he brought me that +twice I remember when I came to page 50 the part about where she hangs +him up out of a hook with a cord flagellate sure theres nothing for a +woman in that all invention made up about he drinking the champagne out +of her slipper after the ball was over like the infant Jesus in the +crib at Inchicore in the Blessed Virgins arms sure no woman could have +a child that big taken out of her and I thought first it came out of +her side because how could she go to the chamber when she wanted to and +she a rich lady of course she felt honoured H R H he was in Gibraltar +the year I was born I bet he found lilies there too where he planted +the tree he planted more than that in his time he might have planted me +too if hed come a bit sooner then I wouldnt be here as I am he ought to +chuck that Freeman with the paltry few shillings he knocks out of it +and go into an office or something where hed get regular pay or a bank +where they could put him up on a throne to count the money all the day +of course he prefers plottering about the house so you cant stir with +him any side whats your programme today I wish hed even smoke a pipe +like father to get the smell of a man or pretending to be mooching +about for advertisements when he could have been in Mr Cuffes still +only for what he did then sending me to try and patch it up I could +have got him promoted there to be the manager he gave me a great mirada +once or twice first he was as stiff as the mischief really and truly +Mrs Bloom only I felt rotten simply with the old rubbishy dress that I +lost the leads out of the tails with no cut in it but theyre coming +into fashion again I bought it simply to please him I knew it was no +good by the finish pity I changed my mind of going to Todd and Burns as +I said and not Lees it was just like the shop itself rummage sale a lot +of trash I hate those rich shops get on your nerves nothing kills me +altogether only he thinks he knows a great lot about a womans dress and +cooking mathering everything he can scour off the shelves into it if I +went by his advices every blessed hat I put on does that suit me yes +take that thats alright the one like a weddingcake standing up miles +off my head he said suited me or the dishcover one coming down on my +backside on pins and needles about the shopgirl in that place in +Grafton street I had the misfortune to bring him into and she as +insolent as ever she could be with her smirk saying Im afraid were +giving you too much trouble what shes there for but I stared it out of +her yes he was awfully stiff and no wonder but he changed the second +time he looked Poldy pigheaded as usual like the soup but I could see +him looking very hard at my chest when he stood up to open the door for +me it was nice of him to show me out in any case Im extremely sorry Mrs +Bloom believe me without making it too marked the first time after him +being insulted and me being supposed to be his wife I just half smiled +I know my chest was out that way at the door when he said Im extremely +sorry and Im sure you were + +yes I think he made them a bit firmer sucking them like that so long he +made me thirsty titties he calls them I had to laugh yes this one +anyhow stiff the nipple gets for the least thing Ill get him to keep +that up and Ill take those eggs beaten up with marsala fatten them out +for him what are all those veins and things curious the way its made 2 +the same in case of twins theyre supposed to represent beauty placed up +there like those statues in the museum one of them pretending to hide +it with her hand are they so beautiful of course compared with what a +man looks like with his two bags full and his other thing hanging down +out of him or sticking up at you like a hatrack no wonder they hide it +with a cabbageleaf that disgusting Cameron highlander behind the meat +market or that other wretch with the red head behind the tree where the +statue of the fish used to be when I was passing pretending he was +pissing standing out for me to see it with his babyclothes up to one +side the Queens own they were a nice lot its well the Surreys relieved +them theyre always trying to show it to you every time nearly I passed +outside the mens greenhouse near the Harcourt street station just to +try some fellow or other trying to catch my eye as if it was 1 of the 7 +wonders of the world O and the stink of those rotten places the night +coming home with Poldy after the Comerfords party oranges and lemonade +to make you feel nice and watery I went into 1 of them it was so biting +cold I couldnt keep it when was that 93 the canal was frozen yes it was +a few months after a pity a couple of the Camerons werent there to see +me squatting in the mens place meadero I tried to draw a picture of it +before I tore it up like a sausage or something I wonder theyre not +afraid going about of getting a kick or a bang of something there the +woman is beauty of course thats admitted when he said I could pose for +a picture naked to some rich fellow in Holles street when he lost the +job in Helys and I was selling the clothes and strumming in the coffee +palace would I be like that bath of the nymph with my hair down yes +only shes younger or Im a little like that dirty bitch in that Spanish +photo he has nymphs used they go about like that I asked him about her +and that word met something with hoses in it and he came out with some +jawbreakers about the incarnation he never can explain a thing simply +the way a body can understand then he goes and burns the bottom out of +the pan all for his Kidney this one not so much theres the mark of his +teeth still where he tried to bite the nipple I had to scream out arent +they fearful trying to hurt you I had a great breast of milk with Milly +enough for two what was the reason of that he said I could have got a +pound a week as a wet nurse all swelled out the morning that delicate +looking student that stopped in no 28 with the Citrons Penrose nearly +caught me washing through the window only for I snapped up the towel to +my face that was his studenting hurt me they used to weaning her till +he got doctor Brady to give me the belladonna prescription I had to get +him to suck them they were so hard he said it was sweeter and thicker +than cows then he wanted to milk me into the tea well hes beyond +everything I declare somebody ought to put him in the budget if I only +could remember the one half of the things and write a book out of it +the works of Master Poldy yes and its so much smoother the skin much an +hour he was at them Im sure by the clock like some kind of a big infant +I had at me they want everything in their mouth all the pleasure those +men get out of a woman I can feel his mouth O Lord I must stretch +myself I wished he was here or somebody to let myself go with and come +again like that I feel all fire inside me or if I could dream it when +he made me spend the 2nd time tickling me behind with his finger I was +coming for about 5 minutes with my legs round him I had to hug him +after O Lord I wanted to shout out all sorts of things fuck or shit or +anything at all only not to look ugly or those lines from the strain +who knows the way hed take it you want to feel your way with a man +theyre not all like him thank God some of them want you to be so nice +about it I noticed the contrast he does it and doesnt talk I gave my +eyes that look with my hair a bit loose from the tumbling and my tongue +between my lips up to him the savage brute Thursday Friday one Saturday +two Sunday three O Lord I cant wait till Monday + +frseeeeeeeefronnnng train somewhere whistling the strength those +engines have in them like big giants and the water rolling all over and +out of them all sides like the end of Loves old sweeeetsonnnng the poor +men that have to be out all the night from their wives and families in +those roasting engines stifling it was today Im glad I burned the half +of those old Freemans and Photo Bits leaving things like that lying +about hes getting very careless and threw the rest of them up in the W +C I’ll get him to cut them tomorrow for me instead of having them there +for the next year to get a few pence for them have him asking wheres +last Januarys paper and all those old overcoats I bundled out of the +hall making the place hotter than it is that rain was lovely and +refreshing just after my beauty sleep I thought it was going to get +like Gibraltar my goodness the heat there before the levanter came on +black as night and the glare of the rock standing up in it like a big +giant compared with their 3 Rock mountain they think is so great with +the red sentries here and there the poplars and they all whitehot and +the smell of the rainwater in those tanks watching the sun all the time +weltering down on you faded all that lovely frock fathers friend Mrs +Stanhope sent me from the B Marche paris what a shame my dearest +Doggerina she wrote on it she was very nice whats this her other name +was just a p c to tell you I sent the little present have just had a +jolly warm bath and feel a very clean dog now enjoyed it wogger she +called him wogger wd give anything to be back in Gib and hear you sing +Waiting and in old Madrid Concone is the name of those exercises he +bought me one of those new some word I couldnt make out shawls amusing +things but tear for the least thing still there lovely I think dont you +will always think of the lovely teas we had together scrumptious +currant scones and raspberry wafers I adore well now dearest Doggerina +be sure and write soon kind she left out regards to your father also +Captain Grove with love yrs affly Hester x x x x x she didnt look a bit +married just like a girl he was years older than her wogger he was +awfully fond of me when he held down the wire with his foot for me to +step over at the bullfight at La Linea when that matador Gomez was +given the bulls ear these clothes we have to wear whoever invented them +expecting you to walk up Killiney hill then for example at that picnic +all staysed up you cant do a blessed thing in them in a crowd run or +jump out of the way thats why I was afraid when that other ferocious +old Bull began to charge the banderilleros with the sashes and the 2 +things in their hats and the brutes of men shouting bravo toro sure the +women were as bad in their nice white mantillas ripping all the whole +insides out of those poor horses I never heard of such a thing in all +my life yes he used to break his heart at me taking off the dog barking +in bell lane poor brute and it sick what became of them ever I suppose +theyre dead long ago the 2 of them its like all through a mist makes +you feel so old I made the scones of course I had everything all to +myself then a girl Hester we used to compare our hair mine was thicker +than hers she showed me how to settle it at the back when I put it up +and whats this else how to make a knot on a thread with the one hand we +were like cousins what age was I then the night of the storm I slept in +her bed she had her arms round me then we were fighting in the morning +with the pillow what fun he was watching me whenever he got an +opportunity at the band on the Alameda esplanade when I was with father +and Captain Grove I looked up at the church first and then at the +windows then down and our eyes met I felt something go through me like +all needles my eyes were dancing I remember after when I looked at +myself in the glass hardly recognised myself the change he was +attractive to a girl in spite of his being a little bald intelligent +looking disappointed and gay at the same time he was like Thomas in the +shadow of Ashlydyat I had a splendid skin from the sun and the +excitement like a rose I didnt get a wink of sleep it wouldnt have been +nice on account of her but I could have stopped it in time she gave me +the Moonstone to read that was the first I read of Wilkie Collins East +Lynne I read and the shadow of Ashlydyat Mrs Henry Wood Henry Dunbar by +that other woman I lent him afterwards with Mulveys photo in it so as +he see I wasnt without and Lord Lytton Eugene Aram Molly bawn she gave +me by Mrs Hungerford on account of the name I dont like books with a +Molly in them like that one he brought me about the one from Flanders a +whore always shoplifting anything she could cloth and stuff and yards +of it O this blanket is too heavy on me thats better I havent even one +decent nightdress this thing gets all rolled under me besides him and +his fooling thats better I used to be weltering then in the heat my +shift drenched with the sweat stuck in the cheeks of my bottom on the +chair when I stood up they were so fattish and firm when I got up on +the sofa cushions to see with my clothes up and the bugs tons of them +at night and the mosquito nets I couldnt read a line Lord how long ago +it seems centuries of course they never came back and she didnt put her +address right on it either she may have noticed her wogger people were +always going away and we never I remember that day with the waves and +the boats with their high heads rocking and the smell of ship those +Officers uniforms on shore leave made me seasick he didnt say anything +he was very serious I had the high buttoned boots on and my skirt was +blowing she kissed me six or seven times didnt I cry yes I believe I +did or near it my lips were taittering when I said goodbye she had a +Gorgeous wrap of some special kind of blue colour on her for the voyage +made very peculiarly to one side like and it was extremely pretty it +got as dull as the devil after they went I was almost planning to run +away mad out of it somewhere were never easy where we are father or +aunt or marriage waiting always waiting to guiiiide him toooo me +waiting nor speeeed his flying feet their damn guns bursting and +booming all over the shop especially the Queens birthday and throwing +everything down in all directions if you didnt open the windows when +general Ulysses Grant whoever he was or did supposed to be some great +fellow landed off the ship and old Sprague the consul that was there +from before the flood dressed up poor man and he in mourning for the +son then the same old bugles for reveille in the morning and drums +rolling and the unfortunate poor devils of soldiers walking about with +messtins smelling the place more than the old longbearded jews in their +jellibees and levites assembly and sound clear and gunfire for the men +to cross the lines and the warden marching with his keys to lock the +gates and the bagpipes and only captain Groves and father talking about +Rorkes drift and Plevna and sir Garnet Wolseley and Gordon at Khartoum +lighting their pipes for them everytime they went out drunken old devil +with his grog on the windowsill catch him leaving any of it picking his +nose trying to think of some other dirty story to tell up in a corner +but he never forgot himself when I was there sending me out of the room +on some blind excuse paying his compliments the Bushmills whisky +talking of course but hed do the same to the next woman that came along +I suppose he died of galloping drink ages ago the days like years not a +letter from a living soul except the odd few I posted to myself with +bits of paper in them so bored sometimes I could fight with my nails +listening to that old Arab with the one eye and his heass of an +instrument singing his heah heah aheah all my compriment on your +hotchapotch of your heass as bad as now with the hands hanging off me +looking out of the window if there was a nice fellow even in the +opposite house that medical in Holles street the nurse was after when I +put on my gloves and hat at the window to show I was going out not a +notion what I meant arent they thick never understand what you say even +youd want to print it up on a big poster for them not even if you shake +hands twice with the left he didnt recognise me either when I half +frowned at him outside Westland row chapel where does their great +intelligence come in Id like to know grey matter they have it all in +their tail if you ask me those country gougers up in the City Arms +intelligence they had a damn sight less than the bulls and cows they +were selling the meat and the coalmans bell that noisy bugger trying to +swindle me with the wrong bill he took out of his hat what a pair of +paws and pots and pans and kettles to mend any broken bottles for a +poor man today and no visitors or post ever except his cheques or some +advertisement like that wonderworker they sent him addressed dear Madam +only his letter and the card from Milly this morning see she wrote a +letter to him who did I get the last letter from O Mrs Dwenn now what +possessed her to write from Canada after so many years to know the +recipe I had for pisto madrileno Floey Dillon since she wrote to say +she was married to a very rich architect if Im to believe all I hear +with a villa and eight rooms her father was an awfully nice man he was +near seventy always goodhumoured well now Miss Tweedy or Miss Gillespie +theres the piannyer that was a solid silver coffee service he had too +on the mahogany sideboard then dying so far away I hate people that +have always their poor story to tell everybody has their own troubles +that poor Nancy Blake died a month ago of acute neumonia well I didnt +know her so well as all that she was Floeys friend more than mine poor +Nancy its a bother having to answer he always tells me the wrong things +and no stops to say like making a speech your sad bereavement +symph̸athy I always make that mistake and new̸phew with 2 double yous +in I hope hell write me a longer letter the next time if its a thing he +really likes me O thanks be to the great God I got somebody to give me +what I badly wanted to put some heart up into me youve no chances at +all in this place like you used long ago I wish somebody would write me +a loveletter his wasnt much and I told him he could write what he liked +yours ever Hugh Boylan in old Madrid stuff silly women believe love is +sighing I am dying still if he wrote it I suppose thered be some truth +in it true or no it fills up your whole day and life always something +to think about every moment and see it all round you like a new world I +could write the answer in bed to let him imagine me short just a few +words not those long crossed letters Atty Dillon used to write to the +fellow that was something in the four courts that jilted her after out +of the ladies letterwriter when I told her to say a few simple words he +could twist how he liked not acting with precipat precipitancy with +equal candour the greatest earthly happiness answer to a gentlemans +proposal affirmatively my goodness theres nothing else its all very +fine for them but as for being a woman as soon as youre old they might +as well throw you out in the bottom of the ashpit. + +Mulveys was the first when I was in bed that morning and Mrs Rubio +brought it in with the coffee she stood there standing when I asked her +to hand me and I pointing at them I couldnt think of the word a hairpin +to open it with ah horquilla disobliging old thing and it staring her +in the face with her switch of false hair on her and vain about her +appearance ugly as she was near 80 or a 100 her face a mass of wrinkles +with all her religion domineering because she never could get over the +Atlantic fleet coming in half the ships of the world and the Union Jack +flying with all her carabineros because 4 drunken English sailors took +all the rock from them and because I didnt run into mass often enough +in Santa Maria to please her with her shawl up on her except when there +was a marriage on with all her miracles of the saints and her black +blessed virgin with the silver dress and the sun dancing 3 times on +Easter Sunday morning and when the priest was going by with the bell +bringing the vatican to the dying blessing herself for his Majestad an +admirer he signed it I near jumped out of my skin I wanted to pick him +up when I saw him following me along the Calle Real in the shop window +then he tipped me just in passing but I never thought hed write making +an appointment I had it inside my petticoat bodice all day reading it +up in every hole and corner while father was up at the drill +instructing to find out by the handwriting or the language of stamps +singing I remember shall I wear a white rose and I wanted to put on the +old stupid clock to near the time he was the first man kissed me under +the Moorish wall my sweetheart when a boy it never entered my head what +kissing meant till he put his tongue in my mouth his mouth was +sweetlike young I put my knee up to him a few times to learn the way +what did I tell him I was engaged for for fun to the son of a Spanish +nobleman named Don Miguel de la Flora and he believed me that I was to +be married to him in 3 years time theres many a true word spoken in +jest there is a flower that bloometh a few things I told him true about +myself just for him to be imagining the Spanish girls he didnt like I +suppose one of them wouldnt have him I got him excited he crushed all +the flowers on my bosom he brought me he couldnt count the pesetas and +the perragordas till I taught him Cappoquin he came from he said on the +black water but it was too short then the day before he left May yes it +was May when the infant king of Spain was born Im always like that in +the spring Id like a new fellow every year up on the tiptop under the +rockgun near OHaras tower I told him it was struck by lightning and all +about the old Barbary apes they sent to Clapham without a tail +careering all over the show on each others back Mrs Rubio said she was +a regular old rock scorpion robbing the chickens out of Inces farm and +throw stones at you if you went anear he was looking at me I had that +white blouse on open in the front to encourage him as much as I could +without too openly they were just beginning to be plump I said I was +tired we lay over the firtree cove a wild place I suppose it must be +the highest rock in existence the galleries and casemates and those +frightful rocks and Saint Michaels cave with the icicles or whatever +they call them hanging down and ladders all the mud plotching my boots +Im sure thats the way down the monkeys go under the sea to Africa when +they die the ships out far like chips that was the Malta boat passing +yes the sea and the sky you could do what you liked lie there for ever +he caressed them outside they love doing that its the roundness there I +was leaning over him with my white ricestraw hat to take the newness +out of it the left side of my face the best my blouse open for his last +day transparent kind of shirt he had I could see his chest pink he +wanted to touch mine with his for a moment but I wouldnt let him he was +awfully put out first for fear you never know consumption or leave me +with a child embarazada that old servant Ines told me that one drop +even if it got into you at all after I tried with the Banana but I was +afraid it might break and get lost up in me somewhere because they once +took something down out of a woman that was up there for years covered +with limesalts theyre all mad to get in there where they come out of +youd think they could never go far enough up and then theyre done with +you in a way till the next time yes because theres a wonderful feeling +there so tender all the time how did we finish it off yes O yes I +pulled him off into my handkerchief pretending not to be excited but I +opened my legs I wouldnt let him touch me inside my petticoat because I +had a skirt opening up the side I tormented the life out of him first +tickling him I loved rousing that dog in the hotel rrrsssstt +awokwokawok his eyes shut and a bird flying below us he was shy all the +same I liked him like that moaning I made him blush a little when I got +over him that way when I unbuttoned him and took his out and drew back +the skin it had a kind of eye in it theyre all Buttons men down the +middle on the wrong side of them Molly darling he called me what was +his name Jack Joe Harry Mulvey was it yes I think a lieutenant he was +rather fair he had a laughing kind of a voice so I went round to the +whatyoucallit everything was whatyoucallit moustache had he he said hed +come back Lord its just like yesterday to me and if I was married hed +do it to me and I promised him yes faithfully Id let him block me now +flying perhaps hes dead or killed or a captain or admiral its nearly 20 +years if I said firtree cove he would if he came up behind me and put +his hands over my eyes to guess who I might recognise him hes young +still about 40 perhaps hes married some girl on the black water and is +quite changed they all do they havent half the character a woman has +she little knows what I did with her beloved husband before he ever +dreamt of her in broad daylight too in the sight of the whole world you +might say they could have put an article about it in the Chronicle I +was a bit wild after when I blew out the old bag the biscuits were in +from Benady Bros and exploded it Lord what a bang all the woodcocks and +pigeons screaming coming back the same way that we went over middle +hill round by the old guardhouse and the jews burialplace pretending to +read out the Hebrew on them I wanted to fire his pistol he said he +hadnt one he didnt know what to make of me with his peak cap on that he +always wore crooked as often as I settled it straight H M S Calypso +swinging my hat that old Bishop that spoke off the altar his long +preach about womans higher functions about girls now riding the bicycle +and wearing peak caps and the new woman bloomers God send him sense and +me more money I suppose theyre called after him I never thought that +would be my name Bloom when I used to write it in print to see how it +looked on a visiting card or practising for the butcher and oblige M +Bloom youre looking blooming Josie used to say after I married him well +its better than Breen or Briggs does brig or those awful names with +bottom in them Mrs Ramsbottom or some other kind of a bottom Mulvey I +wouldnt go mad about either or suppose I divorced him Mrs Boylan my +mother whoever she was might have given me a nicer name the Lord knows +after the lovely one she had Lunita Laredo the fun we had running along +Williss road to Europa point twisting in and out all round the other +side of Jersey they were shaking and dancing about in my blouse like +Millys little ones now when she runs up the stairs I loved looking down +at them I was jumping up at the pepper trees and the white poplars +pulling the leaves off and throwing them at him he went to India he was +to write the voyages those men have to make to the ends of the world +and back its the least they might get a squeeze or two at a woman while +they can going out to be drowned or blown up somewhere I went up +Windmill hill to the flats that Sunday morning with captain Rubios that +was dead spyglass like the sentry had he said hed have one or two from +on board I wore that frock from the B Marche paris and the coral +necklace the straits shining I could see over to Morocco almost the bay +of Tangier white and the Atlas mountain with snow on it and the straits +like a river so clear Harry Molly darling I was thinking of him on the +sea all the time after at mass when my petticoat began to slip down at +the elevation weeks and weeks I kept the handkerchief under my pillow +for the smell of him there was no decent perfume to be got in that +Gibraltar only that cheap peau dEspagne that faded and left a stink on +you more than anything else I wanted to give him a memento he gave me +that clumsy Claddagh ring for luck that I gave Gardner going to south +Africa where those Boers killed him with their war and fever but they +were well beaten all the same as if it brought its bad luck with it +like an opal or pearl still it must have been pure 18 carrot gold +because it was very heavy but what could you get in a place like that +the sandfrog shower from Africa and that derelict ship that came up to +the harbour Marie the Marie whatyoucallit no he hadnt a moustache that +was Gardner yes I can see his face cleanshaven +Frseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeefrong that train again weeping tone once in the +dear deaead days beyondre call close my eyes breath my lips forward +kiss sad look eyes open piano ere oer the world the mists began I hate +that istsbeg comes loves sweet sooooooooooong Ill let that out full +when I get in front of the footlights again Kathleen Kearney and her +lot of squealers Miss This Miss That Miss Theother lot of sparrowfarts +skitting around talking about politics they know as much about as my +backside anything in the world to make themselves someway interesting +Irish homemade beauties soldiers daughter am I ay and whose are you +bootmakers and publicans I beg your pardon coach I thought you were a +wheelbarrow theyd die down dead off their feet if ever they got a +chance of walking down the Alameda on an officers arm like me on the +bandnight my eyes flash my bust that they havent passion God help their +poor head I knew more about men and life when I was 15 than theyll all +know at 50 they dont know how to sing a song like that Gardner said no +man could look at my mouth and teeth smiling like that and not think of +it I was afraid he mightnt like my accent first he so English all +father left me in spite of his stamps Ive my mothers eyes and figure +anyhow he always said theyre so snotty about themselves some of those +cads he wasnt a bit like that he was dead gone on my lips let them get +a husband first thats fit to be looked at and a daughter like mine or +see if they can excite a swell with money that can pick and choose +whoever he wants like Boylan to do it 4 or 5 times locked in each +others arms or the voice either I could have been a prima donna only I +married him comes looooves old deep down chin back not too much make it +double My Ladys Bower is too long for an encore about the moated grange +at twilight and vaunted rooms yes Ill sing Winds that blow from the +south that he gave after the choirstairs performance Ill change that +lace on my black dress to show off my bubs and Ill yes by God Ill get +that big fan mended make them burst with envy my hole is itching me +always when I think of him I feel I want to I feel some wind in me +better go easy not wake him have him at it again slobbering after +washing every bit of myself back belly and sides if we had even a bath +itself or my own room anyway I wish hed sleep in some bed by himself +with his cold feet on me give us room even to let a fart God or do the +least thing better yes hold them like that a bit on my side piano +quietly sweeeee theres that train far away pianissimo eeeee one more +song + +that was a relief wherever you be let your wind go free who knows if +that pork chop I took with my cup of tea after was quite good with the +heat I couldnt smell anything off it Im sure that queerlooking man in +the porkbutchers is a great rogue I hope that lamp is not smoking fill +my nose up with smuts better than having him leaving the gas on all +night I couldnt rest easy in my bed in Gibraltar even getting up to see +why am I so damned nervous about that though I like it in the winter +its more company O Lord it was rotten cold too that winter when I was +only about ten was I yes I had the big doll with all the funny clothes +dressing her up and undressing that icy wind skeeting across from those +mountains the something Nevada sierra nevada standing at the fire with +the little bit of a short shift I had up to heat myself I loved dancing +about in it then make a race back into bed Im sure that fellow opposite +used to be there the whole time watching with the lights out in the +summer and I in my skin hopping around I used to love myself then +stripped at the washstand dabbing and creaming only when it came to the +chamber performance I put out the light too so then there were 2 of us +goodbye to my sleep for this night anyhow I hope hes not going to get +in with those medicals leading him astray to imagine hes young again +coming in at 4 in the morning it must be if not more still he had the +manners not to wake me what do they find to gabber about all night +squandering money and getting drunker and drunker couldnt they drink +water then he starts giving us his orders for eggs and tea and Findon +haddy and hot buttered toast I suppose well have him sitting up like +the king of the country pumping the wrong end of the spoon up and down +in his egg wherever he learned that from and I love to hear him falling +up the stairs of a morning with the cups rattling on the tray and then +play with the cat she rubs up against you for her own sake I wonder has +she fleas shes as bad as a woman always licking and lecking but I hate +their claws I wonder do they see anything that we cant staring like +that when she sits at the top of the stairs so long and listening as I +wait always what a robber too that lovely fresh plaice I bought I think +Ill get a bit of fish tomorrow or today is it Friday yes I will with +some blancmange with black currant jam like long ago not those 2 lb +pots of mixed plum and apple from the London and Newcastle Williams and +Woods goes twice as far only for the bones I hate those eels cod yes +Ill get a nice piece of cod Im always getting enough for 3 forgetting +anyway Im sick of that everlasting butchers meat from Buckleys loin +chops and leg beef and rib steak and scrag of mutton and calfs pluck +the very name is enough or a picnic suppose we all gave 5/- each and or +let him pay it and invite some other woman for him who Mrs Fleming and +drove out to the furry glen or the strawberry beds wed have him +examining all the horses toenails first like he does with the letters +no not with Boylan there yes with some cold veal and ham mixed +sandwiches there are little houses down at the bottom of the banks +there on purpose but its as hot as blazes he says not a bank holiday +anyhow I hate those ruck of Mary Ann coalboxes out for the day Whit +Monday is a cursed day too no wonder that bee bit him better the +seaside but Id never again in this life get into a boat with him after +him at Bray telling the boatman he knew how to row if anyone asked +could he ride the steeplechase for the gold cup hed say yes then it +came on to get rough the old thing crookeding about and the weight all +down my side telling me pull the right reins now pull the left and the +tide all swamping in floods in through the bottom and his oar slipping +out of the stirrup its a mercy we werent all drowned he can swim of +course me no theres no danger whatsoever keep yourself calm in his +flannel trousers Id like to have tattered them down off him before all +the people and give him what that one calls flagellate till he was +black and blue do him all the good in the world only for that longnosed +chap I dont know who he is with that other beauty Burke out of the City +Arms hotel was there spying around as usual on the slip always where he +wasnt wanted if there was a row on youd vomit a better face there was +no love lost between us thats 1 consolation I wonder what kind is that +book he brought me Sweets of Sin by a gentleman of fashion some other +Mr de Kock I suppose the people gave him that nickname going about with +his tube from one woman to another I couldnt even change my new white +shoes all ruined with the saltwater and the hat I had with that feather +all blowy and tossed on me how annoying and provoking because the smell +of the sea excited me of course the sardines and the bream in Catalan +bay round the back of the rock they were fine all silver in the +fishermens baskets old Luigi near a hundred they said came from Genoa +and the tall old chap with the earrings I dont like a man you have to +climb up to to get at I suppose theyre all dead and rotten long ago +besides I dont like being alone in this big barracks of a place at +night I suppose Ill have to put up with it I never brought a bit of +salt in even when we moved in the confusion musical academy he was +going to make on the first floor drawingroom with a brassplate or +Blooms private hotel he suggested go and ruin himself altogether the +way his father did down in Ennis like all the things he told father he +was going to do and me but I saw through him telling me all the lovely +places we could go for the honeymoon Venice by moonlight with the +gondolas and the lake of Como he had a picture cut out of some paper of +and mandolines and lanterns O how nice I said whatever I liked he was +going to do immediately if not sooner will you be my man will you carry +my can he ought to get a leather medal with a putty rim for all the +plans he invents then leaving us here all day youd never know what old +beggar at the door for a crust with his long story might be a tramp and +put his foot in the way to prevent me shutting it like that picture of +that hardened criminal he was called in Lloyds Weekly news 20 years in +jail then he comes out and murders an old woman for her money imagine +his poor wife or mother or whoever she is such a face youd run miles +away from I couldnt rest easy till I bolted all the doors and windows +to make sure but its worse again being locked up like in a prison or a +madhouse they ought to be all shot or the cat of nine tails a big brute +like that that would attack a poor old woman to murder her in her bed +Id cut them off him so I would not that hed be much use still better +than nothing the night I was sure I heard burglars in the kitchen and +he went down in his shirt with a candle and a poker as if he was +looking for a mouse as white as a sheet frightened out of his wits +making as much noise as he possibly could for the burglars benefit +there isnt much to steal indeed the Lord knows still its the feeling +especially now with Milly away such an idea for him to send the girl +down there to learn to take photographs on account of his grandfather +instead of sending her to Skerrys academy where shed have to learn not +like me getting all at school only hed do a thing like that all the +same on account of me and Boylan thats why he did it Im certain the way +he plots and plans everything out I couldnt turn round with her in the +place lately unless I bolted the door first gave me the fidgets coming +in without knocking first when I put the chair against the door just as +I was washing myself there below with the glove get on your nerves then +doing the loglady all day put her in a glasscase with two at a time to +look at her if he knew she broke off the hand off that little gimcrack +statue with her roughness and carelessness before she left that I got +that little Italian boy to mend so that you cant see the join for 2 +shillings wouldnt even teem the potatoes for you of course shes right +not to ruin her hands I noticed he was always talking to her lately at +the table explaining things in the paper and she pretending to +understand sly of course that comes from his side of the house he cant +say I pretend things can he Im too honest as a matter of fact and +helping her into her coat but if there was anything wrong with her its +me shed tell not him I suppose he thinks Im finished out and laid on +the shelf well Im not no nor anything like it well see well see now +shes well on for flirting too with Tom Devans two sons imitating me +whistling with those romps of Murray girls calling for her can Milly +come out please shes in great demand to pick what they can out of her +round in Nelson street riding Harry Devans bicycle at night its as well +he sent her where she is she was just getting out of bounds wanting to +go on the skatingrink and smoking their cigarettes through their nose I +smelt it off her dress when I was biting off the thread of the button I +sewed on to the bottom of her jacket she couldnt hide much from me I +tell you only I oughtnt to have stitched it and it on her it brings a +parting and the last plumpudding too split in 2 halves see it comes out +no matter what they say her tongue is a bit too long for my taste your +blouse is open too low she says to me the pan calling the kettle +blackbottom and I had to tell her not to cock her legs up like that on +show on the windowsill before all the people passing they all look at +her like me when I was her age of course any old rag looks well on you +then a great touchmenot too in her own way at the Only Way in the +Theatre royal take your foot away out of that I hate people touching me +afraid of her life Id crush her skirt with the pleats a lot of that +touching must go on in theatres in the crush in the dark theyre always +trying to wiggle up to you that fellow in the pit at the Gaiety for +Beerbohm Tree in Trilby the last time Ill ever go there to be squashed +like that for any Trilby or her barebum every two minutes tipping me +there and looking away hes a bit daft I think I saw him after trying to +get near two stylishdressed ladies outside Switzers window at the same +little game I recognised him on the moment the face and everything but +he didnt remember me yes and she didnt even want me to kiss her at the +Broadstone going away well I hope shell get someone to dance attendance +on her the way I did when she was down with the mumps and her glands +swollen wheres this and wheres that of course she cant feel anything +deep yet I never came properly till I was what 22 or so it went into +the wrong place always only the usual girls nonsense and giggling that +Conny Connolly writing to her in white ink on black paper sealed with +sealingwax though she clapped when the curtain came down because he +looked so handsome then we had Martin Harvey for breakfast dinner and +supper I thought to myself afterwards it must be real love if a man +gives up his life for her that way for nothing I suppose there are a +few men like that left its hard to believe in it though unless it +really happened to me the majority of them with not a particle of love +in their natures to find two people like that nowadays full up of each +other that would feel the same way as you do theyre usually a bit +foolish in the head his father must have been a bit queer to go and +poison himself after her still poor old man I suppose he felt lost shes +always making love to my things too the few old rags I have wanting to +put her hair up at 15 my powder too only ruin her skin on her shes time +enough for that all her life after of course shes restless knowing shes +pretty with her lips so red a pity they wont stay that way I was too +but theres no use going to the fair with the thing answering me like a +fishwoman when I asked to go for a half a stone of potatoes the day we +met Mrs Joe Gallaher at the trottingmatches and she pretended not to +see us in her trap with Friery the solicitor we werent grand enough +till I gave her 2 damn fine cracks across the ear for herself take that +now for answering me like that and that for your impudence she had me +that exasperated of course contradicting I was badtempered too because +how was it there was a weed in the tea or I didnt sleep the night +before cheese I ate was it and I told her over and over again not to +leave knives crossed like that because she has nobody to command her as +she said herself well if he doesnt correct her faith I will that was +the last time she turned on the teartap I was just like that myself +they darent order me about the place its his fault of course having the +two of us slaving here instead of getting in a woman long ago am I ever +going to have a proper servant again of course then shed see him coming +Id have to let her know or shed revenge it arent they a nuisance that +old Mrs Fleming you have to be walking round after her putting the +things into her hands sneezing and farting into the pots well of course +shes old she cant help it a good job I found that rotten old smelly +dishcloth that got lost behind the dresser I knew there was something +and opened the area window to let out the smell bringing in his friends +to entertain them like the night he walked home with a dog if you +please that might have been mad especially Simon Dedalus son his father +such a criticiser with his glasses up with his tall hat on him at the +cricket match and a great big hole in his sock one thing laughing at +the other and his son that got all those prizes for whatever he won +them in the intermediate imagine climbing over the railings if anybody +saw him that knew us I wonder he didnt tear a big hole in his grand +funeral trousers as if the one nature gave wasnt enough for anybody +hawking him down into the dirty old kitchen now is he right in his head +I ask pity it wasnt washing day my old pair of drawers might have been +hanging up too on the line on exhibition for all hed ever care with the +ironmould mark the stupid old bundle burned on them he might think was +something else and she never even rendered down the fat I told her and +now shes going such as she was on account of her paralysed husband +getting worse theres always something wrong with them disease or they +have to go under an operation or if its not that its drink and he beats +her Ill have to hunt around again for someone every day I get up theres +some new thing on sweet God sweet God well when Im stretched out dead +in my grave I suppose Ill have some peace I want to get up a minute if +Im let wait O Jesus wait yes that thing has come on me yes now wouldnt +that afflict you of course all the poking and rooting and ploughing he +had up in me now what am I to do Friday Saturday Sunday wouldnt that +pester the soul out of a body unless he likes it some men do God knows +theres always something wrong with us 5 days every 3 or 4 weeks usual +monthly auction isnt it simply sickening that night it came on me like +that the one and only time we were in a box that Michael Gunn gave him +to see Mrs Kendal and her husband at the Gaiety something he did about +insurance for him in Drimmies I was fit to be tied though I wouldnt +give in with that gentleman of fashion staring down at me with his +glasses and him the other side of me talking about Spinoza and his soul +thats dead I suppose millions of years ago I smiled the best I could +all in a swamp leaning forward as if I was interested having to sit it +out then to the last tag I wont forget that wife of Scarli in a hurry +supposed to be a fast play about adultery that idiot in the gallery +hissing the woman adulteress he shouted I suppose he went and had a +woman in the next lane running round all the back ways after to make up +for it I wish he had what I had then hed boo I bet the cat itself is +better off than us have we too much blood up in us or what O patience +above its pouring out of me like the sea anyhow he didnt make me +pregnant as big as he is I dont want to ruin the clean sheets I just +put on I suppose the clean linen I wore brought it on too damn it damn +it and they always want to see a stain on the bed to know youre a +virgin for them all thats troubling them theyre such fools too you +could be a widow or divorced 40 times over a daub of red ink would do +or blackberry juice no thats too purply O Jamesy let me up out of this +pooh sweets of sin whoever suggested that business for women what +between clothes and cooking and children this damned old bed too +jingling like the dickens I suppose they could hear us away over the +other side of the park till I suggested to put the quilt on the floor +with the pillow under my bottom I wonder is it nicer in the day I think +it is easy I think Ill cut all this hair off me there scalding me I +might look like a young girl wouldnt he get the great suckin the next +time he turned up my clothes on me Id give anything to see his face +wheres the chamber gone easy Ive a holy horror of its breaking under me +after that old commode I wonder was I too heavy sitting on his knee I +made him sit on the easychair purposely when I took off only my blouse +and skirt first in the other room he was so busy where he oughtnt to be +he never felt me I hope my breath was sweet after those kissing comfits +easy God I remember one time I could scout it out straight whistling +like a man almost easy O Lord how noisy I hope theyre bubbles on it for +a wad of money from some fellow Ill have to perfume it in the morning +dont forget I bet he never saw a better pair of thighs than that look +how white they are the smoothest place is right there between this bit +here how soft like a peach easy God I wouldnt mind being a man and get +up on a lovely woman O Lord what a row youre making like the jersey +lily easy easy O how the waters come down at Lahore + +who knows is there anything the matter with my insides or have I +something growing in me getting that thing like that every week when +was it last I Whit Monday yes its only about 3 weeks I ought to go to +the doctor only it would be like before I married him when I had that +white thing coming from me and Floey made me go to that dry old stick +Dr Collins for womens diseases on Pembroke road your vagina he called +it I suppose thats how he got all the gilt mirrors and carpets getting +round those rich ones off Stephens green running up to him for every +little fiddlefaddle her vagina and her cochinchina theyve money of +course so theyre all right I wouldnt marry him not if he was the last +man in the world besides theres something queer about their children +always smelling around those filthy bitches all sides asking me if what +I did had an offensive odour what did he want me to do but the one +thing gold maybe what a question if I smathered it all over his wrinkly +old face for him with all my compriments I suppose hed know then and +could you pass it easily pass what I thought he was talking about the +rock of Gibraltar the way he put it thats a very nice invention too by +the way only I like letting myself down after in the hole as far as I +can squeeze and pull the chain then to flush it nice cool pins and +needles still theres something in it I suppose I always used to know by +Millys when she was a child whether she had worms or not still all the +same paying him for that how much is that doctor one guinea please and +asking me had I frequent omissions where do those old fellows get all +the words they have omissions with his shortsighted eyes on me cocked +sideways I wouldnt trust him too far to give me chloroform or God knows +what else still I liked him when he sat down to write the thing out +frowning so severe his nose intelligent like that you be damned you +lying strap O anything no matter who except an idiot he was clever +enough to spot that of course that was all thinking of him and his mad +crazy letters my Precious one everything connected with your glorious +Body everything underlined that comes from it is a thing of beauty and +of joy for ever something he got out of some nonsensical book that he +had me always at myself 4 and 5 times a day sometimes and I said I +hadnt are you sure O yes I said I am quite sure in a way that shut him +up I knew what was coming next only natural weakness it was he excited +me I dont know how the first night ever we met when I was living in +Rehoboth terrace we stood staring at one another for about 10 minutes +as if we met somewhere I suppose on account of my being jewess looking +after my mother he used to amuse me the things he said with the half +sloothering smile on him and all the Doyles said he was going to stand +for a member of Parliament O wasnt I the born fool to believe all his +blather about home rule and the land league sending me that long strool +of a song out of the Huguenots to sing in French to be more classy O +beau pays de la Touraine that I never even sang once explaining and +rigmaroling about religion and persecution he wont let you enjoy +anything naturally then might he as a great favour the very 1st +opportunity he got a chance in Brighton square running into my bedroom +pretending the ink got on his hands to wash it off with the Albion milk +and sulphur soap I used to use and the gelatine still round it O I +laughed myself sick at him that day I better not make an alnight +sitting on this affair they ought to make chambers a natural size so +that a woman could sit on it properly he kneels down to do it I suppose +there isnt in all creation another man with the habits he has look at +the way hes sleeping at the foot of the bed how can he without a hard +bolster its well he doesnt kick or he might knock out all my teeth +breathing with his hand on his nose like that Indian god he took me to +show one wet Sunday in the museum in Kildare street all yellow in a +pinafore lying on his side on his hand with his ten toes sticking out +that he said was a bigger religion than the jews and Our Lords both put +together all over Asia imitating him as hes always imitating everybody +I suppose he used to sleep at the foot of the bed too with his big +square feet up in his wifes mouth damn this stinking thing anyway +wheres this those napkins are ah yes I know I hope the old press doesnt +creak ah I knew it would hes sleeping hard had a good time somewhere +still she must have given him great value for his money of course he +has to pay for it from her O this nuisance of a thing I hope theyll +have something better for us in the other world tying ourselves up God +help us thats all right for tonight now the lumpy old jingly bed always +reminds me of old Cohen I suppose he scratched himself in it often +enough and he thinks father bought it from Lord Napier that I used to +admire when I was a little girl because I told him easy piano O I like +my bed God here we are as bad as ever after 16 years how many houses +were we in at all Raymond terrace and Ontario terrace and Lombard +street and Holles street and he goes about whistling every time were on +the run again his huguenots or the frogs march pretending to help the +men with our 4 sticks of furniture and then the City Arms hotel worse +and worse says Warden Daly that charming place on the landing always +somebody inside praying then leaving all their stinks after them always +know who was in there last every time were just getting on right +something happens or he puts his big foot in it Thoms and Helys and Mr +Cuffes and Drimmies either hes going to be run into prison over his old +lottery tickets that was to be all our salvations or he goes and gives +impudence well have him coming home with the sack soon out of the +Freeman too like the rest on account of those Sinner Fein or the +freemasons then well see if the little man he showed me dribbling along +in the wet all by himself round by Coadys lane will give him much +consolation that he says is so capable and sincerely Irish he is indeed +judging by the sincerity of the trousers I saw on him wait theres +Georges church bells wait 3 quarters the hour wait two oclock well +thats a nice hour of the night for him to be coming home at to anybody +climbing down into the area if anybody saw him Ill knock him off that +little habit tomorrow first Ill look at his shirt to see or Ill see if +he has that French letter still in his pocketbook I suppose he thinks I +dont know deceitful men all their 20 pockets arent enough for their +lies then why should we tell them even if its the truth they dont +believe you then tucked up in bed like those babies in the Aristocrats +Masterpiece he brought me another time as if we hadnt enough of that in +real life without some old Aristocrat or whatever his name is +disgusting you more with those rotten pictures children with two heads +and no legs thats the kind of villainy theyre always dreaming about +with not another thing in their empty heads they ought to get slow +poison the half of them then tea and toast for him buttered on both +sides and newlaid eggs I suppose Im nothing any more when I wouldnt let +him lick me in Holles street one night man man tyrant as ever for the +one thing he slept on the floor half the night naked the way the jews +used when somebody dies belonged to them and wouldnt eat any breakfast +or speak a word wanting to be petted so I thought I stood out enough +for one time and let him he does it all wrong too thinking only of his +own pleasure his tongue is too flat or I dont know what he forgets that +wethen I dont Ill make him do it again if he doesnt mind himself and +lock him down to sleep in the coalcellar with the blackbeetles I wonder +was it her Josie off her head with my castoffs hes such a born liar too +no hed never have the courage with a married woman thats why he wants +me and Boylan though as for her Denis as she calls him that +forlornlooking spectacle you couldnt call him a husband yes its some +little bitch hes got in with even when I was with him with Milly at the +College races that Hornblower with the childs bonnet on the top of his +nob let us into by the back way he was throwing his sheeps eyes at +those two doing skirt duty up and down I tried to wink at him first no +use of course and thats the way his money goes this is the fruits of Mr +Paddy Dignam yes they were all in great style at the grand funeral in +the paper Boylan brought in if they saw a real officers funeral thatd +be something reversed arms muffled drums the poor horse walking behind +in black L Boom and Tom Kernan that drunken little barrelly man that +bit his tongue off falling down the mens W C drunk in some place or +other and Martin Cunningham and the two Dedaluses and Fanny MCoys +husband white head of cabbage skinny thing with a turn in her eye +trying to sing my songs shed want to be born all over again and her old +green dress with the lowneck as she cant attract them any other way +like dabbling on a rainy day I see it all now plainly and they call +that friendship killing and then burying one another and they all with +their wives and families at home more especially Jack Power keeping +that barmaid he does of course his wife is always sick or going to be +sick or just getting better of it and hes a goodlooking man still +though hes getting a bit grey over the ears theyre a nice lot all of +them well theyre not going to get my husband again into their clutches +if I can help it making fun of him then behind his back I know well +when he goes on with his idiotics because he has sense enough not to +squander every penny piece he earns down their gullets and looks after +his wife and family goodfornothings poor Paddy Dignam all the same Im +sorry in a way for him what are his wife and 5 children going to do +unless he was insured comical little teetotum always stuck up in some +pub corner and her or her son waiting Bill Bailey wont you please come +home her widows weeds wont improve her appearance theyre awfully +becoming though if youre goodlooking what men wasnt he yes he was at +the Glencree dinner and Ben Dollard base barreltone the night he +borrowed the swallowtail to sing out of in Holles street squeezed and +squashed into them and grinning all over his big Dolly face like a +wellwhipped childs botty didnt he look a balmy ballocks sure enough +that must have been a spectacle on the stage imagine paying 5/- in the +preserved seats for that to see him trotting off in his trowlers and +Simon Dedalus too he was always turning up half screwed singing the +second verse first the old love is the new was one of his so sweetly +sang the maiden on the hawthorn bough he was always on for flirtyfying +too when I sang Maritana with him at Freddy Mayers private opera he had +a delicious glorious voice Phoebe dearest goodbye sweetheart +_sweet_heart he always sang it not like Bartell DArcy sweet _tart_ +goodbye of course he had the gift of the voice so there was no art in +it all over you like a warm showerbath O Maritana wildwood flower we +sang splendidly though it was a bit too high for my register even +transposed and he was married at the time to May Goulding but then hed +say or do something to knock the good out of it hes a widower now I +wonder what sort is his son he says hes an author and going to be a +university professor of Italian and Im to take lessons what is he +driving at now showing him my photo its not good of me I ought to have +got it taken in drapery that never looks out of fashion still I look +young in it I wonder he didnt make him a present of it altogether and +me too after all why not I saw him driving down to the Kingsbridge +station with his father and mother I was in mourning thats 11 years ago +now yes hed be 11 though what was the good in going into mourning for +what was neither one thing nor the other the first cry was enough for +me I heard the deathwatch too ticking in the wall of course he insisted +hed go into mourning for the cat I suppose hes a man now by this time +he was an innocent boy then and a darling little fellow in his lord +Fauntleroy suit and curly hair like a prince on the stage when I saw +him at Mat Dillons he liked me too I remember they all do wait by God +yes wait yes hold on he was on the cards this morning when I laid out +the deck union with a young stranger neither dark nor fair you met +before I thought it meant him but hes no chicken nor a stranger either +besides my face was turned the other way what was the 7th card after +that the 10 of spades for a journey by land then there was a letter on +its way and scandals too the 3 queens and the 8 of diamonds for a rise +in society yes wait it all came out and 2 red 8s for new garments look +at that and didnt I dream something too yes there was something about +poetry in it I hope he hasnt long greasy hair hanging into his eyes or +standing up like a red Indian what do they go about like that for only +getting themselves and their poetry laughed at I always liked poetry +when I was a girl first I thought he was a poet like lord Byron and not +an ounce of it in his composition I thought he was quite different I +wonder is he too young hes about wait 88 I was married 88 Milly is 15 +yesterday 89 what age was he then at Dillons 5 or 6 about 88 I suppose +hes 20 or more Im not too old for him if hes 23 or 24 I hope hes not +that stuckup university student sort no otherwise he wouldnt go sitting +down in the old kitchen with him taking Eppss cocoa and talking of +course he pretended to understand it all probably he told him he was +out of Trinity college hes very young to be a professor I hope hes not +a professor like Goodwin was he was a potent professor of John Jameson +they all write about some woman in their poetry well I suppose he wont +find many like me where softly sighs of love the light guitar where +poetry is in the air the blue sea and the moon shining so beautifully +coming back on the nightboat from Tarifa the lighthouse at Europa point +the guitar that fellow played was so expressive will I ever go back +there again all new faces two glancing eyes a lattice hid Ill sing that +for him theyre my eyes if hes anything of a poet two eyes as darkly +bright as loves own star arent those beautiful words as loves young +star itll be a change the Lord knows to have an intelligent person to +talk to about yourself not always listening to him and Billy Prescotts +ad and Keyess ad and Tom the Devils ad then if anything goes wrong in +their business we have to suffer Im sure hes very distinguished Id like +to meet a man like that God not those other ruck besides hes young +those fine young men I could see down in Margate strand bathingplace +from the side of the rock standing up in the sun naked like a God or +something and then plunging into the sea with them why arent all men +like that thered be some consolation for a woman like that lovely +little statue he bought I could look at him all day long curly head and +his shoulders his finger up for you to listen theres real beauty and +poetry for you I often felt I wanted to kiss him all over also his +lovely young cock there so simple I wouldnt mind taking him in my mouth +if nobody was looking as if it was asking you to suck it so clean and +white he looks with his boyish face I would too in 1/2 a minute even if +some of it went down what its only like gruel or the dew theres no +danger besides hed be so clean compared with those pigs of men I +suppose never dream of washing it from 1 years end to the other the +most of them only thats what gives the women the moustaches Im sure +itll be grand if I can only get in with a handsome young poet at my age +Ill throw them the 1st thing in the morning till I see if the wishcard +comes out or Ill try pairing the lady herself and see if he comes out +Ill read and study all I can find or learn a bit off by heart if I knew +who he likes so he wont think me stupid if he thinks all women are the +same and I can teach him the other part Ill make him feel all over him +till he half faints under me then hell write about me lover and +mistress publicly too with our 2 photographs in all the papers when he +becomes famous O but then what am I going to do about him though + +no thats no way for him has he no manners nor no refinement nor no +nothing in his nature slapping us behind like that on my bottom because +I didnt call him Hugh the ignoramus that doesnt know poetry from a +cabbage thats what you get for not keeping them in their proper place +pulling off his shoes and trousers there on the chair before me so +barefaced without even asking permission and standing out that vulgar +way in the half of a shirt they wear to be admired like a priest or a +butcher or those old hypocrites in the time of Julius Caesar of course +hes right enough in his way to pass the time as a joke sure you might +as well be in bed with what with a lion God Im sure hed have something +better to say for himself an old Lion would O well I suppose its +because they were so plump and tempting in my short petticoat he +couldnt resist they excite myself sometimes its well for men all the +amount of pleasure they get off a womans body were so round and white +for them always I wished I was one myself for a change just to try with +that thing they have swelling up on you so hard and at the same time so +soft when you touch it my uncle John has a thing long I heard those +cornerboys saying passing the comer of Marrowbone lane my aunt Mary has +a thing hairy because it was dark and they knew a girl was passing it +didnt make me blush why should it either its only nature and he puts +his thing long into my aunt Marys hairy etcetera and turns out to be +you put the handle in a sweepingbrush men again all over they can pick +and choose what they please a married woman or a fast widow or a girl +for their different tastes like those houses round behind Irish street +no but were to be always chained up theyre not going to be chaining me +up no damn fear once I start I tell you for their stupid husbands +jealousy why cant we all remain friends over it instead of quarrelling +her husband found it out what they did together well naturally and if +he did can he undo it hes coronado anyway whatever he does and then he +going to the other mad extreme about the wife in Fair Tyrants of course +the man never even casts a 2nd thought on the husband or wife either +its the woman he wants and he gets her what else were we given all +those desires for Id like to know I cant help it if Im young still can +I its a wonder Im not an old shrivelled hag before my time living with +him so cold never embracing me except sometimes when hes asleep the +wrong end of me not knowing I suppose who he has any man thatd kiss a +womans bottom Id throw my hat at him after that hed kiss anything +unnatural where we havent 1 atom of any kind of expression in us all of +us the same 2 lumps of lard before ever Id do that to a man pfooh the +dirty brutes the mere thought is enough I kiss the feet of you senorita +theres some sense in that didnt he kiss our halldoor yes he did what a +madman nobody understands his cracked ideas but me still of course a +woman wants to be embraced 20 times a day almost to make her look young +no matter by who so long as to be in love or loved by somebody if the +fellow you want isnt there sometimes by the Lord God I was thinking +would I go around by the quays there some dark evening where nobodyd +know me and pick up a sailor off the sea thatd be hot on for it and not +care a pin whose I was only do it off up in a gate somewhere or one of +those wildlooking gipsies in Rathfarnham had their camp pitched near +the Bloomfield laundry to try and steal our things if they could I only +sent mine there a few times for the name model laundry sending me back +over and over some old ones odd stockings that blackguardlooking fellow +with the fine eyes peeling a switch attack me in the dark and ride me +up against the wall without a word or a murderer anybody what they do +themselves the fine gentlemen in their silk hats that K C lives up +somewhere this way coming out of Hardwicke lane the night he gave us +the fish supper on account of winning over the boxing match of course +it was for me he gave it I knew him by his gaiters and the walk and +when I turned round a minute after just to see there was a woman after +coming out of it too some filthy prostitute then he goes home to his +wife after that only I suppose the half of those sailors are rotten +again with disease O move over your big carcass out of that for the +love of Mike listen to him the winds that waft my sighs to thee so well +he may sleep and sigh the great Suggester Don Poldo de la Flora if he +knew how he came out on the cards this morning hed have something to +sigh for a dark man in some perplexity between 2 7s too in prison for +Lord knows what he does that I dont know and Im to be slooching around +down in the kitchen to get his lordship his breakfast while hes rolled +up like a mummy will I indeed did you ever see me running Id just like +to see myself at it show them attention and they treat you like dirt I +dont care what anybody says itd be much better for the world to be +governed by the women in it you wouldnt see women going and killing one +another and slaughtering when do you ever see women rolling around +drunk like they do or gambling every penny they have and losing it on +horses yes because a woman whatever she does she knows where to stop +sure they wouldnt be in the world at all only for us they dont know +what it is to be a woman and a mother how could they where would they +all of them be if they hadnt all a mother to look after them what I +never had thats why I suppose hes running wild now out at night away +from his books and studies and not living at home on account of the +usual rowy house I suppose well its a poor case that those that have a +fine son like that theyre not satisfied and I none was he not able to +make one it wasnt my fault we came together when I was watching the two +dogs up in her behind in the middle of the naked street that +disheartened me altogether I suppose I oughtnt to have buried him in +that little woolly jacket I knitted crying as I was but give it to some +poor child but I knew well Id never have another our 1st death too it +was we were never the same since O Im not going to think myself into +the glooms about that any more I wonder why he wouldnt stay the night I +felt all the time it was somebody strange he brought in instead of +roving around the city meeting God knows who nightwalkers and +pickpockets his poor mother wouldnt like that if she was alive ruining +himself for life perhaps still its a lovely hour so silent I used to +love coming home after dances the air of the night they have friends +they can talk to weve none either he wants what he wont get or its some +woman ready to stick her knife in you I hate that in women no wonder +they treat us the way they do we are a dreadful lot of bitches I +suppose its all the troubles we have makes us so snappy Im not like +that he could easy have slept in there on the sofa in the other room I +suppose he was as shy as a boy he being so young hardly 20 of me in the +next room hed have heard me on the chamber arrah what harm Dedalus I +wonder its like those names in Gibraltar Delapaz Delagracia they had +the devils queer names there father Vilaplana of Santa Maria that gave +me the rosary Rosales y OReilly in the Calle las Siete Revueltas and +Pisimbo and Mrs Opisso in Governor street O what a name Id go and drown +myself in the first river if I had a name like her O my and all the +bits of streets Paradise ramp and Bedlam ramp and Rodgers ramp and +Crutchetts ramp and the devils gap steps well small blame to me if I am +a harumscarum I know I am a bit I declare to God I dont feel a day +older than then I wonder could I get my tongue round any of the Spanish +como esta usted muy bien gracias y usted see I havent forgotten it all +I thought I had only for the grammar a noun is the name of any person +place or thing pity I never tried to read that novel cantankerous Mrs +Rubio lent me by Valera with the questions in it all upside down the +two ways I always knew wed go away in the end I can tell him the +Spanish and he tell me the Italian then hell see Im not so ignorant +what a pity he didnt stay Im sure the poor fellow was dead tired and +wanted a good sleep badly I could have brought him in his breakfast in +bed with a bit of toast so long as I didnt do it on the knife for bad +luck or if the woman was going her rounds with the watercress and +something nice and tasty there are a few olives in the kitchen he might +like I never could bear the look of them in Abrines I could do the +criada the room looks all right since I changed it the other way you +see something was telling me all the time Id have to introduce myself +not knowing me from Adam very funny wouldnt it Im his wife or pretend +we were in Spain with him half awake without a Gods notion where he is +dos huevos estrellados senor Lord the cracked things come into my head +sometimes itd be great fun supposing he stayed with us why not theres +the room upstairs empty and Millys bed in the back room he could do his +writing and studies at the table in there for all the scribbling he +does at it and if he wants to read in bed in the morning like me as hes +making the breakfast for 1 he can make it for 2 Im sure Im not going to +take in lodgers off the street for him if he takes a gesabo of a house +like this Id love to have a long talk with an intelligent welleducated +person Id have to get a nice pair of red slippers like those Turks with +the fez used to sell or yellow and a nice semitransparent morning gown +that I badly want or a peachblossom dressing jacket like the one long +ago in Walpoles only 8/6 or 18/6 Ill just give him one more chance Ill +get up early in the morning Im sick of Cohens old bed in any case I +might go over to the markets to see all the vegetables and cabbages and +tomatoes and carrots and all kinds of splendid fruits all coming in +lovely and fresh who knows whod be the 1st man Id meet theyre out +looking for it in the morning Mamy Dillon used to say they are and the +night too that was her massgoing Id love a big juicy pear now to melt +in your mouth like when I used to be in the longing way then Ill throw +him up his eggs and tea in the moustachecup she gave him to make his +mouth bigger I suppose hed like my nice cream too I know what Ill do +Ill go about rather gay not too much singing a bit now and then mi fa +pieta Masetto then Ill start dressing myself to go out presto non son +piu forte Ill put on my best shift and drawers let him have a good +eyeful out of that to make his micky stand for him Ill let him know if +thats what he wanted that his wife is fucked yes and damn well fucked +too up to my neck nearly not by him 5 or 6 times handrunning theres the +mark of his spunk on the clean sheet I wouldnt bother to even iron it +out that ought to satisfy him if you dont believe me feel my belly +unless I made him stand there and put him into me Ive a mind to tell +him every scrap and make him do it out in front of me serve him right +its all his own fault if I am an adulteress as the thing in the gallery +said O much about it if thats all the harm ever we did in this vale of +tears God knows its not much doesnt everybody only they hide it I +suppose thats what a woman is supposed to be there for or He wouldnt +have made us the way He did so attractive to men then if he wants to +kiss my bottom Ill drag open my drawers and bulge it right out in his +face as large as life he can stick his tongue 7 miles up my hole as hes +there my brown part then Ill tell him I want £ 1 or perhaps 30/- Ill +tell him I want to buy underclothes then if he gives me that well he +wont be too bad I dont want to soak it all out of him like other women +do I could often have written out a fine cheque for myself and write +his name on it for a couple of pounds a few times he forgot to lock it +up besides he wont spend it Ill let him do it off on me behind provided +he doesnt smear all my good drawers O I suppose that cant be helped Ill +do the indifferent 1 or 2 questions Ill know by the answers when hes +like that he cant keep a thing back I know every turn in him Ill +tighten my bottom well and let out a few smutty words smellrump or lick +my shit or the first mad thing comes into my head then Ill suggest +about yes O wait now sonny my turn is coming Ill be quite gay and +friendly over it O but I was forgetting this bloody pest of a thing +pfooh you wouldnt know which to laugh or cry were such a mixture of +plum and apple no Ill have to wear the old things so much the better +itll be more pointed hell never know whether he did it or not there +thats good enough for you any old thing at all then Ill wipe him off me +just like a business his omission then Ill go out Ill have him eying up +at the ceiling where is she gone now make him want me thats the only +way a quarter after what an unearthly hour I suppose theyre just +getting up in China now combing out their pigtails for the day well +soon have the nuns ringing the angelus theyve nobody coming in to spoil +their sleep except an odd priest or two for his night office or the +alarmclock next door at cockshout clattering the brains out of itself +let me see if I can doze off 1 2 3 4 5 what kind of flowers are those +they invented like the stars the wallpaper in Lombard street was much +nicer the apron he gave me was like that something only I only wore it +twice better lower this lamp and try again so as I can get up early Ill +go to Lambes there beside Findlaters and get them to send us some +flowers to put about the place in case he brings him home tomorrow +today I mean no no Fridays an unlucky day first I want to do the place +up someway the dust grows in it I think while Im asleep then we can +have music and cigarettes I can accompany him first I must clean the +keys of the piano with milk whatll I wear shall I wear a white rose or +those fairy cakes in Liptons I love the smell of a rich big shop at 7 +1/2d a lb or the other ones with the cherries in them and the pinky +sugar 11d a couple of lbs of those a nice plant for the middle of the +table Id get that cheaper in wait wheres this I saw them not long ago I +love flowers Id love to have the whole place swimming in roses God of +heaven theres nothing like nature the wild mountains then the sea and +the waves rushing then the beautiful country with the fields of oats +and wheat and all kinds of things and all the fine cattle going about +that would do your heart good to see rivers and lakes and flowers all +sorts of shapes and smells and colours springing up even out of the +ditches primroses and violets nature it is as for them saying theres no +God I wouldnt give a snap of my two fingers for all their learning why +dont they go and create something I often asked him atheists or +whatever they call themselves go and wash the cobbles off themselves +first then they go howling for the priest and they dying and why why +because theyre afraid of hell on account of their bad conscience ah yes +I know them well who was the first person in the universe before there +was anybody that made it all who ah that they dont know neither do I so +there you are they might as well try to stop the sun from rising +tomorrow the sun shines for you he said the day we were lying among the +rhododendrons on Howth head in the grey tweed suit and his straw hat +the day I got him to propose to me yes first I gave him the bit of +seedcake out of my mouth and it was leapyear like now yes 16 years ago +my God after that long kiss I near lost my breath yes he said I was a +flower of the mountain yes so we are flowers all a womans body yes that +was one true thing he said in his life and the sun shines for you today +yes that was why I liked him because I saw he understood or felt what a +woman is and I knew I could always get round him and I gave him all the +pleasure I could leading him on till he asked me to say yes and I +wouldnt answer first only looked out over the sea and the sky I was +thinking of so many things he didnt know of Mulvey and Mr Stanhope and +Hester and father and old captain Groves and the sailors playing all +birds fly and I say stoop and washing up dishes they called it on the +pier and the sentry in front of the governors house with the thing +round his white helmet poor devil half roasted and the Spanish girls +laughing in their shawls and their tall combs and the auctions in the +morning the Greeks and the jews and the Arabs and the devil knows who +else from all the ends of Europe and Duke street and the fowl market +all clucking outside Larby Sharons and the poor donkeys slipping half +asleep and the vague fellows in the cloaks asleep in the shade on the +steps and the big wheels of the carts of the bulls and the old castle +thousands of years old yes and those handsome Moors all in white and +turbans like kings asking you to sit down in their little bit of a shop +and Ronda with the old windows of the posadas 2 glancing eyes a lattice +hid for her lover to kiss the iron and the wineshops half open at night +and the castanets and the night we missed the boat at Algeciras the +watchman going about serene with his lamp and O that awful deepdown +torrent O and the sea the sea crimson sometimes like fire and the +glorious sunsets and the figtrees in the Alameda gardens yes and all +the queer little streets and the pink and blue and yellow houses and +the rosegardens and the jessamine and geraniums and cactuses and +Gibraltar as a girl where I was a Flower of the mountain yes when I put +the rose in my hair like the Andalusian girls used or shall I wear a +red yes and how he kissed me under the Moorish wall and I thought well +as well him as another and then I asked him with my eyes to ask again +yes and then he asked me would I yes to say yes my mountain flower and +first I put my arms around him yes and drew him down to me so he could +feel my breasts all perfume yes and his heart was going like mad and +yes I said yes I will Yes. + +Trieste-Zurich-Paris + +1914-1921 + + + + +*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ULYSSES *** + +***** This file should be named 4300-0.txt or 4300-0.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/4/3/0/4300/ + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will +be renamed. + +Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright +law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, +so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the +United States without permission and without paying copyright +royalties. 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Proporcionó una influyente formalización de los conceptos de algoritmo y computación: la máquina de Turing. Formuló su propia versión que hoy es ampliamente aceptada como la tesis de Church-Turing (1936). + +Durante la segunda guerra mundial, trabajó en descifrar los códigos nazis, particularmente los de la máquina Enigma, y durante un tiempo fue el director de la sección Naval Enigma de Bletchley Park. Se ha estimado que su trabajo acortó la duración de esa guerra entre dos y cuatro años.6​ Tras la guerra, diseñó uno de los primeros computadores electrónicos programables digitales en el Laboratorio Nacional de Física del Reino Unido y poco tiempo después construyó otra de las primeras máquinas en la Universidad de Mánchester. + +En el campo de la inteligencia artificial, es conocido sobre todo por la concepción de la prueba de Turing (1950), un criterio según el cual puede juzgarse la inteligencia de una máquina si sus respuestas en la prueba son indistinguibles de las de un ser humano. + +La carrera de Turing terminó súbitamente tras ser procesado por homosexualidad en 1952. Dos años después de su condena, murió —según la versión oficial por suicidio; sin embargo, su muerte ha dado lugar a otras hipótesis, incluida la del envenenamiento accidental —. El 24 de diciembre de 2013, la reina Isabel II del Reino Unido promulgó el edicto por el que se exoneró oficialmente al matemático, quedando anulados todos los cargos en su contra.7​ diff --git a/exersizes/listexs.py b/exersizes/listexs.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9aafe64 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/listexs.py @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ +import random as rnd +import pudb; pu.db + +def nestedsum(nest): + acc = 0 + for t in nest: + for n in t: + acc += n + return acc + +def cumsum(integers): + acc = 0 + t = [] + for i in integers: + acc += i + t.append(acc) + return t + +def middle(t): + return t[1:-1] + +def chop(t): + del t[0] + del t[-1] + return None + +def is_sorted(t): + prev = t[0] + for succ in t[1:]: + if succ < prev: + return False + else: + prev = succ + continue + return True + +def is_anagram(word, target): + if len(word) != len(target): + return False + for letter in word: + target = target.replace(letter, '#', 1) + if target == "#"*len(word): + return True + else: + return False + + + return False + +def has_duplicates(t): + uniques = set(t) + if len(t) == len(uniques): + return False + else: + return True + +def homeroom(n): + """ Returns a list of birthdays for a homeroom of n students""" + allbdays = [] + for kid in range(n): + birthday = rnd.randint(1,365) + allbdays.append(birthday) + return allbdays + +def paradox_test(n, limit): + """ For a class of n students, test up to 'limit' times""" + i = 0 + acc = 0 + while i < limit: + i += 1 + oneclass = homeroom(n) + if has_duplicates(oneclass): + acc += 1 + else: + continue + print(acc/limit) + +def in_bisect(space, target, leftindex = 0, rightindex=-1): + if rightindex == -1: + rightindex = len(space)-1 + elif leftindex == rightindex: + if space[0] == target: + return leftindex + else: + return None + else: + midindex = len(space) // 2 # Rounded down. + leftside = space[:midindex] # Not including midindex + rightside = space[midindex:] # including midindex + if target < space[midindex]: + return in_bisect(leftside, target, leftindex, midindex-1) + else: + return in_bisect(rightside, target, midindex, rightindex) + +paradox_test(13, 1000) + +t1 = [1,2,3] +t2 = [4,5,6] +t3 = [7,8,9] + +t4 = [t1, t2, t3] +t5 = [1,2,3,4,5,6] + +word1 = "rape" +word2 = "pear" +print(in_bisect(t5, 6)) diff --git a/exersizes/moby.py b/exersizes/moby.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..002b370 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/moby.py @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ + +filepath = "../code/words.txt" + + +def has_no_e(word): + for letter in word: + if letter == 'e': + return False + return True + +def avoids(word, taboos="xyz"): + for letter in word: + if letter in taboos: + return False + return True + +def abecedarian(word): + for letter in range(1, len(word)): + n = word[letter] + p = word[letter-1] + follows = ord(n) > ord(p) + if follows: + continue + else: + return False + return True + +def tripledouble(word): + if len(word) < 6: + return False + startplaces = (len(word) % 6) + 1 + for i in range(startplaces): + section = word[i:i+6] + if isnapoleon(section): + return True + return False + +def isnapoleon(word): + """Only takes a six character string""" + one = word[0] == word[1] + two = word[2] == word[3] + thr = word[4] == word[5] + if one and two and thr: + return True + else: + return False + + +forbidfives = [ + "quxyz", + "xyzwh", + "qvxyz" + ] + +if __name__=="__main__": + print(avoids('manpage')) + with open(filepath) as wrdfile: + number_of_words = 0 + avoided = 0 + for line in wrdfile: + number_of_words += 1 + stripped = line.strip() + if tripledouble(stripped): + print(stripped) + else: + pass + print(avoided/number_of_words) diff --git a/exersizes/mypolygon.py b/exersizes/mypolygon.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..873adc4 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/mypolygon.py @@ -0,0 +1,51 @@ +import turtle +import math +bob = turtle.Turtle() + +def square(t, length): + for i in range(4): + t.fd(length) + t.lt(90) +def polygon(t, length, n): + degrees = 360/n + for i in range(n): + t.fd(length) + t.lt(degrees) +def circle(t, r): + circumference = 2*3.14*r + length = circumference / 30 + polygon(t, length, 30) + +def arccircle(t, r, arc): + percentage = arc/360 + circumference = 2*3.14*r + length = circumference / 30 + polygon(t, length, int(30*percentage)) + +def drawpie(t, length, n): + """ Draws an n-sided regular polygon pie + t: which turtle + r: radius + n: number of sides + """ + sinevalue = math.sin(math.pi/n) + r = abs(length/(2*sinevalue)) + print(r) + interior_angle = 180*(n-2)/n + print(interior_angle) + turning_angle = 360 / n + # First draw a polygon + polygon(t, length, n) + # Then go to the centre + t.lt(interior_angle/2) + t.fd(r) + for spoke in range(n-1): + t.rt(180-(360/n)) + t.fd(r) + t.rt(180) + t.fd(r) + +drawpie(bob, 100, 5) +bob.fd(200) +drawpie(bob, 69, 8) +turtle.mainloop() diff --git a/exersizes/mysed.py b/exersizes/mysed.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..697a76e --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/mysed.py @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +def mysed(patterns, repls, infile, outfile): + with open(infile) as reader: + with open(outfile, 'w') as writer: + for line in reader.readlines(): + newline = line.replace(patterns, repls) + writer.write(newline) + + +orig = 'greengold' +dest = 'greengreen' + +mysed('gold', 'green', 'greengold', 'greengreen') diff --git a/exersizes/mysqrt.py b/exersizes/mysqrt.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7f044a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/mysqrt.py @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +import math as m + +def mysqrt(a, x, epsilon=0.00000001): + """ Use guess x to find the square root of a""" + while True: + y = (x + a/x)/2 + if abs(y-x) < epsilon: + break + x = y + return x + +def printTable(rows=9): + widths = (4,15,15,15) + for i, label in enumerate(('a', 'mysqrt(a)', 'math.sqrt(a)', 'diff')): + print(label, end='') + print(" "*(widths[i]-len(label)), end='') + print() + for w in widths: + print('-'*(w-1), end='') + print(' ', end='') + print() + for r in range(1, rows+1): + mine = mysqrt(r,5) + theirs = m.sqrt(r) + print(f"{r}", end='') + print(" ", end='') + print(f"{mine:.8f}", end='') + print(' '*5, end='') + print(f"{theirs:.8f}", end='') + print(' '*5, end='') + print(abs(mine-theirs)) + + +print(mysqrt(2, 1.5)) +printTable() diff --git a/exersizes/palindrome.py b/exersizes/palindrome.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f4df061 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/palindrome.py @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +def first(word): + return word[0] + +def last(word): + return word[-1] + +def middle(word): + return word[1:-1] + +def is_palindrome(word): + length = len(word) + if length == 0: + return True + elif length == 1: + return True + endsAreSame = first(word) == last(word) + if endsAreSame and is_palindrome(middle(word)): + return True + return False + +foo = "2002" +print(foo) +print(is_palindrome(foo)) diff --git a/exersizes/powerof.py b/exersizes/powerof.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b30d077 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/powerof.py @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +# Is 'a' a power of 'b'. + +def isPowerOf(a,b): + if a == b: + return True + elif a % b == 0: + return isPowerOf(a/b, b) + return False + + +powersof2 = [2**n for n in range(10)] +powersof3 = [3**n for n in range(10)] +powersof4 = [4**n for n in range(10)] +print(powersof2) +print(powersof3) +print(powersof4) + +print(isPowerOf(81, 3)) diff --git a/exersizes/randos/randos.py b/exersizes/randos/randos.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e3ad819 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/randos/randos.py @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +# Some random number stuff + +import random + +source = """When I consider how my light is spent ere half my days in this dark +world and wide, and that one talent which is death to hide lodged with me +useless, though my soul more bent to serve therewith my maker, lest he +returning chide, 'doth God exact day labor, light denied?' I fondly ask, though +patience, to silence that murmur, soon replies""" + +def histogram(text): + """ Return a character histogram dictionary for the given text.""" + hist = dict() + for letter in text: + hist.setdefault(letter, 0) + hist[letter] += 1 + return hist + +def choose_from_hist(hist): + """ Return a probalistic key from the hist""" + grabbag = [] + for key, count in hist.items(): + for drop in range(count): + grabbag.append(key) + return random.choice(grabbag) + +for x in range(20): + print(choose_from_hist(histogram(source))) diff --git a/exersizes/recurse.py b/exersizes/recurse.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..fb6a46b --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/recurse.py @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +import turtle + +def draw(t, length, n): + if n == 0: + return + angle = 50 + t.fd(length*n) + t.lt(angle) + draw(t, length, n-1) + t.rt(2*angle) + draw(t, length, n-1) + t.lt(angle) + t.bk(length*n) + +def koch(t, length): + print('calling with ', length) + if length < 10: + t.fd(length) + return + koch(t, length/3) + t.lt(90) + koch(t, length/3) + t.rt(180) + koch(t, length/3) + t.lt(90) + koch(t, length/3) + # Something to return to the starting angle? + +def snowflake(t, length): + koch(t, length) + t.rt(120) + koch(t, length) + t.rt(120) + koch(t, length) + +bob = turtle.Turtle() + +snowflake(bob, 250) +turtle.mainloop() diff --git a/exersizes/rotatepairs.py b/exersizes/rotatepairs.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..277299a --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/rotatepairs.py @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +corpuspath = "../code/words.txt" + +def rotate_word(word, shift): + """ Take a string and rotates the words around, tape-style. + word: a string to be rotated + shift: an integer, how much to rotate the string 'abc' +1 is 'cba' + """ + shifted = "" + overflow = word[-shift:] # Takes the last n = shift chars + secondpart = word[0:-shift]#slicey + shifted = overflow + secondpart + return shifted + +allwords = {} +with open(corpuspath) as reader: + for line in reader: + stripped = line.strip() + allwords[stripped] = len(stripped) + +for key in allwords.keys(): + for r in range(1, len(key)): + spun = rotate_word(key, r) + if spun in allwords: + print(key, spun) diff --git a/exersizes/spiral.py b/exersizes/spiral.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7a9c316 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/spiral.py @@ -0,0 +1,82 @@ + +"""This module contains a code example related to + +Think Python, 2nd Edition +by Allen Downey +http://thinkpython2.com + +Copyright 2015 Allen Downey + +License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ +""" + +from __future__ import print_function, division + +import math +import turtle + +def spiralLeg(t, turn, length): + """ For drawing one leg of the spiral. How much to turn to the left and go + forward + turn: an angle in degrees + length: how far to go + """ + t.lt(turn) + t.fd(length) + +def spiralarc(t, max_angle=360, constant=1): + """Draws an arc with the given angle and constant proportion. + + t: Turtle + r: degrees of revolution + angle: the ratio of the radius to the angle + """ + radius = 100 + theta = 100 + while theta < max_angle: + theta1 = 5 + theta2 = 5 + rad1 = theta + rad2 = rad1 + theta1 + rad3 = rad2 + theta2 + length1 = abs(cosineLaw(rad1, rad2, theta1)) + length2 = abs(cosineLaw(rad2, rad3, theta2)) + beta1 = abs(sineLaw(rad1, length1, theta1)) + alpha2 = abs(sineLaw(rad3, length2, theta2)) + turn = 180 - beta1 - alpha2 + spiralLeg(t, turn, length1) + theta += 5 + +def rad_to_deg(radians): + degrees = 360 * (radians/(2*math.pi)) + return degrees + +def deg_to_rad(degrees): + radians = 2*math.pi*(degrees/360) + return radians + +def cosineLaw(a, b, theta): + """ Given two triangle lengths a,b and an angle t, + finds the length of the side opposite the angle + a: first length + b: second length + t: angle in degrees + """ + radians = deg_to_rad(theta) + term1 = a**2 + term2 = b**2 + term3 = -(2*a*b*math.cos(radians)) + return term1 + term2 + term3 + +def sineLaw(a, l, theta): + """ Find a missing angle when given two sides and an angle""" + radians = deg_to_rad(theta) + alpha = a*math.sin(theta)/l + return alpha + +if __name__ == '__main__': + bob = turtle.Turtle() + spiralarc(bob) + + # wait for the user to close the window + turtle.mainloop() diff --git a/exersizes/tuples.py b/exersizes/tuples.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..df0a0f1 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/tuples.py @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +languages = [ + "french.txt", + "italian.txt", + "german.txt", + "english.txt" + ] + +def most_frequent(text): + """ Returns the letter frequencies of the given text""" + letters = tuple(text) + freqs = {} + for let in letters: + freqs.setdefault(let, 0) + freqs[let] += 1 + rankedpairs = [] + for key, val in freqs.items(): + rankedpairs += [(val, key)] + rankedpairs = sorted(rankedpairs) + rankedpairs = list(reversed(rankedpairs)) + for rank in rankedpairs: + print(rank[1], end="") + print() + +for lang in languages: + with open(lang) as reader: + most_frequent(reader.read()) diff --git a/exersizes/wc.py b/exersizes/wc.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..465cb2b --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/wc.py @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +def linecount(filename): + count = 0 + for line in open(filename): + count +=1 + return count + +print(linecount('wc.py')) diff --git a/exersizes/wordchildren.py b/exersizes/wordchildren.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cd8cc7e --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/wordchildren.py @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +import pudb; pu.db +corpuspath = '../code/words.txt' + +lexicon = set() +lexicon.add('i') +lexicon.add('a') +lexicon.add('') + +with open(corpuspath) as reader: + for line in reader: + stripped = line.strip() + lexicon.add(stripped) + +def bastardkids(word): + kids = [] + for i in range(len(word)): + kid = word[0:i] + word[i+1:] + kids.append(kid) + return kids + +def truekids(word): + kids = [] + for i in range(len(word)): + kid = word[0:i] + word[i+1:] + if kid in lexicon: + kids.append(kid) + return kids + +def is_shrinkable(word, v=False): + """ If a string can be reduced to another word, return True""" + if word == '': + return True + possibles = truekids(word) + for pos in possibles: + if is_shrinkable(pos, v): + if v: + print(pos, end=" ") + return True + return False + +for word in lexicon: + if is_shrinkable(word) and len(word) > 9: + print(word, len(word)) diff --git a/exersizes/words.txt b/exersizes/words.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b91f6fc --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/words.txt @@ -0,0 +1,113783 @@ +aa +aah +aahed +aahing +aahs +aal +aalii +aaliis +aals +aardvark +aardvarks +aardwolf +aardwolves +aas +aasvogel +aasvogels +aba +abaca +abacas +abaci +aback +abacus +abacuses +abaft +abaka +abakas +abalone +abalones +abamp +abampere +abamperes +abamps +abandon +abandoned +abandoning +abandonment +abandonments +abandons +abas +abase +abased +abasedly +abasement +abasements +abaser +abasers +abases +abash +abashed +abashes +abashing +abasing +abatable +abate +abated +abatement +abatements +abater +abaters +abates +abating +abatis +abatises +abator +abators +abattis +abattises +abattoir +abattoirs +abaxial +abaxile +abbacies +abbacy +abbatial +abbe +abbes +abbess +abbesses +abbey +abbeys +abbot +abbotcies +abbotcy +abbots +abbreviate +abbreviated +abbreviates +abbreviating +abbreviation +abbreviations +abdicate +abdicated +abdicates +abdicating +abdication +abdications +abdomen +abdomens +abdomina +abdominal +abdominally +abduce +abduced +abducens +abducent +abducentes +abduces +abducing +abduct +abducted +abducting +abductor +abductores +abductors +abducts +abeam +abed +abele +abeles +abelmosk +abelmosks +aberrant +aberrants +aberration +aberrations +abet +abetment +abetments +abets +abettal +abettals +abetted 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+zygotene +zygotenes +zygotes +zygotic +zymase +zymases +zyme +zymes +zymogen +zymogene +zymogenes +zymogens +zymologies +zymology +zymoses +zymosis +zymotic +zymurgies +zymurgy diff --git a/exersizes/wrangler.py b/exersizes/wrangler.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..08f2370 --- /dev/null +++ b/exersizes/wrangler.py @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +# Write a file to read text, split it around whitespace, and strip punctuation. +# Make everything lowercase +import re + +def snip_paper(filepath): + """Takes a text file and turns it into a list of lowercase words with no + punctuation""" + import string + punct = [ord(x) for x in string.punctuation] + cleanerdict = dict() + cd = cleanerdict.fromkeys(punct, None) + with open(filepath) as reader: + rawstring = reader.read() + fragments = rawstring.split() + cleanones = [] + for word in fragments: + cleanones += [word.translate(cd).lower()] + return cleanones + +def freqlist(words): + freqs = dict() + for word in words: + freqs.setdefault(word, 0) + freqs[word] += 1 + rankings = [x[::-1] for x in freqs.items()] + rankings.sort(reverse=True) + return rankings + +grimmies = snip_paper('./gutenberg/grimm.txt') +print(freqlist(grimmies))