def add(a,b):

return a + b

def subtract(a,b):

return a - b

def multiply(a,b):

return a * b

def divide(a,b):

return a // b

num = 10

if num % 2 == 0:

print("Even")

else:

print("Odd")

marks = 60

if marks >= 90:

print("Grade A")

elif marks < 90 and marks >= 75:

print("Grade B")

elif marks < 75 and marks >= 60:

print("Grade C")

else:

print("Grade D")

l1 = []

l1.append(1)

print(l1) # [1]

l1.append(2)

print(l1) # [1,2]

l1.extend([4,5])

print(l1) # [1,2,4,5]

l1.insert(2,3) # [1,2,3,4,5]

l1.remove(3)

print(l1) # [1,2,4,5]

remved_element = l1.pop() # [1,2,4]

removed_element = l1.pop(0) # [2,4]

del l1[1]

l1 = [1,3,4,5,2,6]

l1.sort() # [1,2,3,4,5,6]

l1.sort(reverse=True)

for num in l1:

print(num)

l1 = [1,2,3]

for num in l1:

print(num*num)

l1 = [1,2,3,2]

l1.count(2) # 2

l1.clear() # []

l1 = [1,2,3,4]

l1.reverse() # [4,3,2,1]

l1 = [1,2,3]

l2 = [4,5,6]

l3 = l1 + l2 # l3 = [1,2,3,4,5,6]

l1.extend(l2) # l4 = [1,2,3,4,5,6]

l1 = [1] * 10 # l1 = [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1]

print(l1)

l1 = [1,2,3,4] #[0,1,2,3]

print(l1[0])

s1 = {1,2,3} # 1-> 100 2-> 200

print(s1)

s1.add(4) # {1,2,3,4}

s1.update([5,6]) # {1,2,3,4,5,6}

s1.remove(5) # {1,2,3,4,6}

s1.discard(6) #{1,2,3,4,6}

s1 = {1,2,3}

s2 = {2,3,4}

s3 = s1.intersection(s2) # {2,3}

s3 = s1 & s2

s3 = s1.union(s2) # {1,2,3,4}

s3 = s1 ^ s2 #

s4 = s1 - s2 # {1}

s5 = s2 - s1 # {4}

s1.difference(s2) # {1}

s2.difference(s1) # {4}

s1.clear() # remove all the elements s1 = {}

d1 = dict()

d1['id'] = 1

d1['name'] = 'ABC'

print(d1)

d1.update({'age':26,'salary':34000})

print(d1)

d1.pop('id')

print(d1)

removed_item = d1.popitem()

print(removed_item)

print(d1)

print(d1.keys())

print(d1.values())

print(d1.items())

for key, value in d1.items(): # key = id, value=1

print(f"Key: {key} Value: {value}") # "Key: id Value: 1"

d2 = {'id': 1, 'name': 'ABC', 'age': 26, 'salary': 34000}

dept = d1.get('dept',None) # None

t1 = (1,2,3)

t1[0] = 100

for num in t1:

print(num)

t1.count(1) # 1

t1.index(3) # 2

def greet():

print("Hello, World!")

greet()

def add(a, b):

result = a + b

print(result)

add(10, 10)

def full_name(first_name, last_name):

result = first_name + " " + last_name

return result

result = full_name("Ramesh", "Ravuri")

print(result) # Ramesh Ravuri

def area_of_circle(radius, pi=3.14):

area = pi * radius * radius

return area

result = area_of_circle(5)

print(result)

result = area_of_circle(10,pi=3.18)

print(result) # 314.0

def catch_args_kwargs(*args, **kwargs):

print(args) # (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

print(kwargs) # {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}

catch_args_kwargs(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, a=1, b=2, c=3)

def sum_numbers(*args): # (1,2,3)

result = 0

for num in args:

result += num

return result

numbers = list(range(1,101))

result = sum_numbers(*numbers) # 15sum_numbers(1,2,3,4,5..100)

print(result)

num = 10

simple_lambda = lambda : "Hello World"

print(simple_lambda()) # Hello World

full_name = lambda first_name, last_name: first_name + " " + last_name

print(full_name("Ramesh", "Ravuri")) # Ramesh Ravuri

print(abs(-10))

print(min([1,2,3,200,302,400])) # 1

print(max([1,2,3,200,302,400])) # 400

print(sum([10,10,10])) # 30

print(round(10.6789)) # 11

print(round(10.6789,2)) # 10.68

print(pow(2,4)) # 16 # 2 ** 4

print(divmod(10,3)) # (3,1) # 10//3, 10%3

print(int('10')) # 10

print(float('10.5')) # 10.5

print(str(10)) # '10'

print(bool(10)) # True

print(bool(0)) # False

print(bool('')) # False

l1 = [1,2,3]

t1 = tuple(l1)

t2 = (1,2,3)

l2 = list(t2)

l1 = [1,2,3,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]

s1 = set(l1) # {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}

d1 = dict(a=1,b=2,c=3) # {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}

keys = ['name', 'age']

values = ['Ramesh', 30]

d2 = dict(zip(keys, values)) # {'name': 'Ramesh', 'age': 30}

d2 = dict((('name', 'Ramesh'), ('age', 30))) # {'name': 'Ramesh', 'age': 30}

print(eval('10+20-20')) # 10

print(any([False, False, False])) # False

print(any([True, False, False])) # True

print(all([True, True, False])) # False

print(all([True, True, True])) #

print(chr(65)) # A

print(chr(97)) # a

print(ord('A')) # 65

print(ord('a')) # 97

print(bin(10)) #

Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language known for

its simplicity, readability.

It was created by Guido van Rossum and first released in 1991.

Key Features:

Easy to Learn and Read: Uses clear, English-like syntax.

Interpreted Language: Code runs line-by-line, no need for compilation.

Dynamically Typed: You don’t need to declare variable types explicitly.

Multi-paradigm: Supports object-oriented, procedural, and functional programming.

Large Standard Library: Comes with built-in modules for file I/O, math, web services, etc.

Cross-platform: Works on Windows, Linux, macOS, etc.

Extensible: Can be integrated with C/C++, Java, etc.

Common Uses:

Web Development (e.g., Django, Flask)

Data Science & Machine Learning (e.g., pandas, NumPy, scikit-learn, TensorFlow)

Automation & Scripting

Desktop Applications

Game Development

Internet of Things (IoT)

for num in [1,2,3,4,5]:

print(num) # 1 2 3 4 5

for num in set([1,2,3,4,5]):

print(num) # 1 2 3 4 5

for key, value in {'a': 1, 'b': 2}.items():

print(key, value) # a 1 b 2

l1 = [1000,2000,3000,4000,5000]

print(list(range(0,100))) # 0-99

print(list(range(100)))

print(list(range(0,100,2))) # 0-98

index = 0

while index < 100:

print(index)

index += 1 # index = index + 1

index = 0

while index < 100:

print(index)

index += 2 # index = index + 1

while True:

agent = input("Enter agent message: ")

if agent == "exit":

break

customer = input("Enter customer message: ")

if customer == "exit":

continue

print(f"Agent: {agent}")

print(f"Customer: {customer}")

a = 10

b = 20

print(a+b)

print(b-a)

print(a*b)

print(b/a) # 2.0000

print(b//a) # Floor division # 2

print(b%a) # Modulus #0

print(2**2) # 4

print(3 % 5) # 3

a = 'abc'

b = 'abc'

print(a == b) # True

a = 10

b = 20

print(a != b) # True

print(a > b) # False

print(a < b) # True

print(a <= b) # True

print(a >= b) # False

a = 10

b = 20

print(a > 5 and b < 30) # True

print(a > 30 or b < 10) # True

print(not (a<20)) # False

a = 10

a = a + 5

a += 5 # a = a + 5

a -= 5 # a = a - 5

a *= 5 # a = a * 5

a /= 5 # a = a / 5

a //= 5 # a = a // 5

a %= 5 # a = a % 5

a **= 5 # a = a ** 5

l1 = [1,2,3,4,5]

print(4 in l1) # True

print(6 in l1) # False

print(4 not in l1) # False

print(6 not in l1) # True

l1 = [1,2,3]

l2 = [1,2,3]

print(l1 == l2) # True, because the values are same

print(id(l1), id(l2))

print(l1 is l2) # True

print(l1 is not l2) # False, because the values are same