# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1.7

# Opt-in extension dependencies at build time (space-separated directory names).

# Example: docker build --build-arg OPENCLAW_EXTENSIONS="diagnostics-otel matrix" .

#

# Multi-stage build produces a minimal runtime image without build tools,

# source code, or Bun. Works with Docker, Buildx, and Podman.

# The ext-deps stage extracts only the package.json files we need from the

# bundled plugin workspace tree, so the main build layer is not invalidated by

# unrelated plugin source changes.

#

# Two runtime variants:

# Default (bookworm): docker build .

# Slim (bookworm-slim): docker build --build-arg OPENCLAW_VARIANT=slim .

ARG OPENCLAW_EXTENSIONS=""

ARG OPENCLAW_VARIANT=default

ARG OPENCLAW_BUNDLED_PLUGIN_DIR=extensions

ARG OPENCLAW_DOCKER_APT_UPGRADE=1

ARG OPENCLAW_NODE_BOOKWORM_IMAGE="node:24-bookworm@sha256:3a09aa6354567619221ef6c45a5051b671f953f0a1924d1f819ffb236e520e6b"

ARG OPENCLAW_NODE_BOOKWORM_DIGEST="sha256:3a09aa6354567619221ef6c45a5051b671f953f0a1924d1f819ffb236e520e6b"

ARG OPENCLAW_NODE_BOOKWORM_SLIM_IMAGE="node:24-bookworm-slim@sha256:e8e2e91b1378f83c5b2dd15f0247f34110e2fe895f6ca7719dbb780f929368eb"

ARG OPENCLAW_NODE_BOOKWORM_SLIM_DIGEST="sha256:e8e2e91b1378f83c5b2dd15f0247f34110e2fe895f6ca7719dbb780f929368eb"

# Base images are pinned to SHA256 digests for reproducible builds.

# Trade-off: digests must be updated manually when upstream tags move.

# To update, run: docker buildx imagetools inspect node:24-bookworm (or podman)

# and replace the digest below with the current multi-arch manifest list entry.

FROM ${OPENCLAW_NODE_BOOKWORM_IMAGE} AS ext-deps

ARG OPENCLAW_EXTENSIONS

ARG OPENCLAW_BUNDLED_PLUGIN_DIR

COPY ${OPENCLAW_BUNDLED_PLUGIN_DIR} /tmp/${OPENCLAW_BUNDLED_PLUGIN_DIR}

# Copy package.json for opted-in extensions so pnpm resolves their deps.

RUN mkdir -p /out && \

for ext in $OPENCLAW_EXTENSIONS; do \

if [ -f "/tmp/${OPENCLAW_BUNDLED_PLUGIN_DIR}/$ext/package.json" ]; then \

mkdir -p "/out/$ext" && \

cp "/tmp/${OPENCLAW_BUNDLED_PLUGIN_DIR}/$ext/package.json" "/out/$ext/package.json"; \

fi; \

done

# ── Stage 2: Build ──────────────────────────────────────────────

FROM ${OPENCLAW_NODE_BOOKWORM_IMAGE} AS build

ARG OPENCLAW_BUNDLED_PLUGIN_DIR

# Install Bun (required for build scripts). Retry the whole bootstrap flow to

# tolerate transient 5xx failures from bun.sh/GitHub during CI image builds.

RUN set -eux; \

for attempt in 1 2 3 4 5; do \

if curl --retry 5 --retry-all-errors --retry-delay 2 -fsSL https://bun.sh/install | bash; then \

break; \

fi; \

if [ "$attempt" -eq 5 ]; then \

exit 1; \

fi; \

sleep $((attempt * 2)); \

done

ENV PATH="/root/.bun/bin:${PATH}"

RUN corepack enable

WORKDIR /app

COPY package.json pnpm-lock.yaml pnpm-workspace.yaml .npmrc ./

COPY openclaw.mjs ./

COPY ui/package.json ./ui/package.json

COPY patches ./patches

COPY scripts/postinstall-bundled-plugins.mjs scripts/npm-runner.mjs scripts/windows-cmd-helpers.mjs ./scripts/

COPY --from=ext-deps /out/ ./${OPENCLAW_BUNDLED_PLUGIN_DIR}/

# Reduce OOM risk on low-memory hosts during dependency installation.

# Docker builds on small VMs may otherwise fail with "Killed" (exit 137).

RUN --mount=type=cache,id=openclaw-pnpm-store,target=/root/.local/share/pnpm/store,sharing=locked \

NODE_OPTIONS=--max-old-space-size=2048 pnpm install --frozen-lockfile

COPY . .

# Normalize extension paths now so runtime COPY preserves safe modes

# without adding a second full extensions layer.

RUN for dir in /app/${OPENCLAW_BUNDLED_PLUGIN_DIR} /app/.agent /app/.agents; do \

if [ -d "$dir" ]; then \

find "$dir" -type d -exec chmod 755 {} +; \

find "$dir" -type f -exec chmod 644 {} +; \

fi; \

done

# A2UI bundle may fail under QEMU cross-compilation (e.g. building amd64

# on Apple Silicon). CI builds natively per-arch so this is a no-op there.

# Stub it so local cross-arch builds still succeed.

RUN pnpm canvas:a2ui:bundle || \

(echo "A2UI bundle: creating stub (non-fatal)" && \

mkdir -p src/canvas-host/a2ui && \

echo "/* A2UI bundle unavailable in this build */" > src/canvas-host/a2ui/a2ui.bundle.js && \

echo "stub" > src/canvas-host/a2ui/.bundle.hash && \

rm -rf vendor/a2ui apps/shared/OpenClawKit/Tools/CanvasA2UI)

RUN pnpm build:docker

# Force pnpm for UI build (Bun may fail on ARM/Synology architectures)

ENV OPENCLAW_PREFER_PNPM=1

RUN pnpm ui:build

RUN pnpm qa:lab:build

# Prune dev dependencies and strip build-only metadata before copying

# runtime assets into the final image.

FROM build AS runtime-assets

ARG OPENCLAW_EXTENSIONS

ARG OPENCLAW_BUNDLED_PLUGIN_DIR

# Keep the install layer frozen, but allow prune to run against the full copied

# workspace tree subset used during `pnpm install`. The build stage only copied

# the root, `ui`, and opted-in plugin manifests into the install layer, so

# prune must not rediscover unrelated workspaces from the later full source

# copy.

RUN printf 'packages:\n - .\n - ui\n' > /tmp/pnpm-workspace.runtime.yaml && \

for ext in $OPENCLAW_EXTENSIONS; do \

printf ' - %s/%s\n' "$OPENCLAW_BUNDLED_PLUGIN_DIR" "$ext" >> /tmp/pnpm-workspace.runtime.yaml; \

done && \

cp /tmp/pnpm-workspace.runtime.yaml pnpm-workspace.yaml && \

CI=true NPM_CONFIG_FROZEN_LOCKFILE=false pnpm prune --prod && \

find dist -type f \( -name '*.d.ts' -o -name '*.d.mts' -o -name '*.d.cts' -o -name '*.map' \) -delete

# ── Runtime base images ─────────────────────────────────────────

FROM ${OPENCLAW_NODE_BOOKWORM_IMAGE} AS base-default

ARG OPENCLAW_NODE_BOOKWORM_DIGEST

LABEL org.opencontainers.image.base.name="docker.io/library/node:24-bookworm" \

org.opencontainers.image.base.digest="${OPENCLAW_NODE_BOOKWORM_DIGEST}"

FROM ${OPENCLAW_NODE_BOOKWORM_SLIM_IMAGE} AS base-slim

ARG OPENCLAW_NODE_BOOKWORM_SLIM_DIGEST

LABEL org.opencontainers.image.base.name="docker.io/library/node:24-bookworm-slim" \

org.opencontainers.image.base.digest="${OPENCLAW_NODE_BOOKWORM_SLIM_DIGEST}"

# ── Stage 3: Runtime ────────────────────────────────────────────

FROM base-${OPENCLAW_VARIANT}

ARG OPENCLAW_VARIANT

ARG OPENCLAW_BUNDLED_PLUGIN_DIR

ARG OPENCLAW_DOCKER_APT_UPGRADE

# OCI base-image metadata for downstream image consumers.

# If you change these annotations, also update:

# - docs/install/docker.md ("Base image metadata" section)

# - https://docs.openclaw.ai/install/docker

LABEL org.opencontainers.image.source="https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw" \

org.opencontainers.image.url="https://openclaw.ai" \

org.opencontainers.image.documentation="https://docs.openclaw.ai/install/docker" \

org.opencontainers.image.licenses="MIT" \

org.opencontainers.image.title="OpenClaw" \

org.opencontainers.image.description="OpenClaw gateway and CLI runtime container image"

WORKDIR /app

# Install system utilities present in bookworm but missing in bookworm-slim.

# On the full bookworm image these are already installed (apt-get is a no-op).

# Smoke workflows can opt out of distro upgrades to cut repeated CI time while

# keeping the default runtime image behavior unchanged.

RUN --mount=type=cache,id=openclaw-bookworm-apt-cache,target=/var/cache/apt,sharing=locked \

--mount=type=cache,id=openclaw-bookworm-apt-lists,target=/var/lib/apt,sharing=locked \

apt-get update && \

if [ "${OPENCLAW_DOCKER_APT_UPGRADE}" != "0" ]; then \

DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get upgrade -y --no-install-recommends; \

fi && \

DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \

procps hostname curl git lsof openssl

RUN chown node:node /app

COPY --from=runtime-assets --chown=node:node /app/dist ./dist

COPY --from=runtime-assets --chown=node:node /app/node_modules ./node_modules

COPY --from=runtime-assets --chown=node:node /app/package.json .

COPY --from=runtime-assets --chown=node:node /app/openclaw.mjs .

COPY --from=runtime-assets --chown=node:node /app/${OPENCLAW_BUNDLED_PLUGIN_DIR} ./${OPENCLAW_BUNDLED_PLUGIN_DIR}

COPY --from=runtime-assets --chown=node:node /app/skills ./skills

COPY --from=runtime-assets --chown=node:node /app/docs ./docs

COPY --from=runtime-assets --chown=node:node /app/qa ./qa

# Keep pnpm available in the runtime image for container-local workflows.

# Use a shared Corepack home so the non-root `node` user does not need a

# first-run network fetch when invoking pnpm.

ENV COREPACK_HOME=/usr/local/share/corepack

RUN install -d -m 0755 "$COREPACK_HOME" && \

corepack enable && \

for attempt in 1 2 3 4 5; do \

if corepack prepare "$(node -p "require('./package.json').packageManager")" --activate; then \

break; \

fi; \

if [ "$attempt" -eq 5 ]; then \

exit 1; \

fi; \

sleep $((attempt * 2)); \

done && \

chmod -R a+rX "$COREPACK_HOME"

# Install additional system packages needed by your skills or extensions.

# Example: docker build --build-arg OPENCLAW_DOCKER_APT_PACKAGES="python3 wget" .

ARG OPENCLAW_DOCKER_APT_PACKAGES=""

RUN --mount=type=cache,id=openclaw-bookworm-apt-cache,target=/var/cache/apt,sharing=locked \

--mount=type=cache,id=openclaw-bookworm-apt-lists,target=/var/lib/apt,sharing=locked \

if [ -n "$OPENCLAW_DOCKER_APT_PACKAGES" ]; then \

apt-get update && \

DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends $OPENCLAW_DOCKER_APT_PACKAGES; \

fi

# Optionally install Chromium and Xvfb for browser automation.

# Build with: docker build --build-arg OPENCLAW_INSTALL_BROWSER=1 ...

# Adds ~300MB but eliminates the 60-90s Playwright install on every container start.

# Must run after node_modules COPY so playwright-core is available.

ARG OPENCLAW_INSTALL_BROWSER=""

RUN --mount=type=cache,id=openclaw-bookworm-apt-cache,target=/var/cache/apt,sharing=locked \

--mount=type=cache,id=openclaw-bookworm-apt-lists,target=/var/lib/apt,sharing=locked \

if [ -n "$OPENCLAW_INSTALL_BROWSER" ]; then \

apt-get update && \

DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends xvfb && \

mkdir -p /home/node/.cache/ms-playwright && \

PLAYWRIGHT_BROWSERS_PATH=/home/node/.cache/ms-playwright \

node /app/node_modules/playwright-core/cli.js install --with-deps chromium && \

chown -R node:node /home/node/.cache/ms-playwright; \

fi

# Optionally install Docker CLI for sandbox container management.

# Build with: docker build --build-arg OPENCLAW_INSTALL_DOCKER_CLI=1 ...

# Adds ~50MB. Only the CLI is installed — no Docker daemon.

# Required for agents.defaults.sandbox to function in Docker deployments.

ARG OPENCLAW_INSTALL_DOCKER_CLI=""

ARG OPENCLAW_DOCKER_GPG_FINGERPRINT="9DC858229FC7DD38854AE2D88D81803C0EBFCD88"

RUN --mount=type=cache,id=openclaw-bookworm-apt-cache,target=/var/cache/apt,sharing=locked \

--mount=type=cache,id=openclaw-bookworm-apt-lists,target=/var/lib/apt,sharing=locked \

if [ -n "$OPENCLAW_INSTALL_DOCKER_CLI" ]; then \

apt-get update && \

DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \

ca-certificates curl gnupg && \

install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings && \

# Verify Docker apt signing key fingerprint before trusting it as a root key.

# Update OPENCLAW_DOCKER_GPG_FINGERPRINT when Docker rotates release keys.

curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg -o /tmp/docker.gpg.asc && \

expected_fingerprint="$(printf '%s' "$OPENCLAW_DOCKER_GPG_FINGERPRINT" | tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]' | tr -d '[:space:]')" && \

actual_fingerprint="$(gpg --batch --show-keys --with-colons /tmp/docker.gpg.asc | awk -F: '$1 == "fpr" { print toupper($10); exit }')" && \

if [ -z "$actual_fingerprint" ] || [ "$actual_fingerprint" != "$expected_fingerprint" ]; then \

echo "ERROR: Docker apt key fingerprint mismatch (expected $expected_fingerprint, got ${actual_fingerprint:-<empty>})" >&2; \

exit 1; \

fi && \

gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg /tmp/docker.gpg.asc && \

rm -f /tmp/docker.gpg.asc && \

chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg && \

printf 'deb [arch=%s signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm stable\n' \

"$(dpkg --print-architecture)" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list && \

apt-get update && \

DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \

docker-ce-cli docker-compose-plugin; \

fi

# Expose the CLI binary without requiring npm global writes as non-root.

RUN ln -sf /app/openclaw.mjs /usr/local/bin/openclaw \

&& chmod 755 /app/openclaw.mjs

ENV NODE_ENV=production

# Security hardening: Run as non-root user

# The node:24-bookworm image includes a 'node' user (uid 1000)

# This reduces the attack surface by preventing container escape via root privileges

USER node

# Start gateway server with default config.

# Binds to loopback (127.0.0.1) by default for security.

#

# IMPORTANT: With Docker bridge networking (-p 18789:18789), loopback bind

# makes the gateway unreachable from the host. Either:

# - Use --network host, OR

# - Override --bind to "lan" (0.0.0.0) and set auth credentials

#

# Built-in probe endpoints for container health checks:

# - GET /healthz (liveness) and GET /readyz (readiness)

# - aliases: /health and /ready

# For external access from host/ingress, override bind to "lan" and set auth.

HEALTHCHECK --interval=3m --timeout=10s --start-period=15s --retries=3 \

CMD node -e "fetch('http://127.0.0.1:18789/healthz').then((r)=>process.exit(r.ok?0:1)).catch(()=>process.exit(1))"

CMD ["node", "openclaw.mjs", "gateway", "--allow-unconfigured"]