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| 1 | +IndeterminateProgressbar解析 – Part 1 |
| 2 | +--- |
| 3 | + |
| 4 | +> * 原文链接 : [Indeterminate – Part 1](https://blog.stylingandroid.com/indeterminate-part-1/) |
| 5 | +* 原文作者 : [Mark Allison](https://blog.stylingandroid.com/) |
| 6 | +* 译文出自 : [开发技术前线 www.devtf.cn](http://www.devtf.cn) |
| 7 | +* 转载声明: 本译文已授权[开发者头条](http://toutiao.io/download)享有独家转载权,未经允许,不得转载! |
| 8 | +* 译者 : [chaossss](https://github.com/chaossss) |
| 9 | +* 校对者: [desmond1121](https://github.com/desmond1121) |
| 10 | +* 状态 : 完成 |
| 11 | + |
| 12 | + |
| 13 | + |
| 14 | + |
| 15 | +IndeterminateProgressBar 能在用户进行某项不定时长的耗时操作时提供绝佳的用户体验,之前我有教过大家怎么创建[水平的 IndeterminateProgressBar](http://blog.csdn.net/u012403246/article/details/49582789),今天我就来教大家实现圆形的 IndeterminateProgressBar,这个控件将支持 API 11(Honeycomb)以上的设备。 |
| 16 | + |
| 17 | +这系列博文将有别于传统的自定义控件方法,而是从 Lollipop+ 提供的 API 实现去理解其运作机制,最后我会将从中学习到的知识应用到开发中,创造一个在低版本设备中效果类似的控件。 |
| 18 | + |
| 19 | +在开始研究之前可以看看我们期望实现的效果: |
| 20 | + |
| 21 | +[Youtube视频](https://youtu.be/g6Zo6WDS2Gg) |
| 22 | + |
| 23 | +所以我们要做的就是:进度条在旋转,然后由长变短最后消失,再出现,由短变长。不妨看看[ Google 的实现](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/refs/heads/master/core/res/res/drawable/progress_medium_material.xml): |
| 24 | + |
| 25 | +```xml |
| 26 | +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> |
| 27 | +<!-- Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project |
| 28 | + Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); |
| 29 | + you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. |
| 30 | + You may obtain a copy of the License at |
| 31 | + http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 |
| 32 | + Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software |
| 33 | + distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, |
| 34 | + WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. |
| 35 | + See the License for the specific language governing permissions and |
| 36 | + limitations under the License. |
| 37 | +--> |
| 38 | +<animated-vector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" |
| 39 | + android:drawable="@drawable/vector_drawable_progress_bar_medium" > |
| 40 | + <target |
| 41 | + android:name="progressBar" |
| 42 | + android:animation="@anim/progress_indeterminate_material" /> |
| 43 | + <target |
| 44 | + android:name="root" |
| 45 | + android:animation="@anim/progress_indeterminate_rotation_material" /> |
| 46 | +</animated-vector> |
| 47 | +``` |
| 48 | + |
| 49 | +在这里他们使用了 AnimatedVectorDrawable - Lollipop+ 才有的特性,在低版本设备中将使用 Holo 风格的 drawable 资源。因此这个效果应用了两个动画 - 一个完成进度条长度变化,另一个完成旋转,[具体实现](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/refs/heads/master/core/res/res/drawable/vector_drawable_progress_bar_medium.xml)可以参考: |
| 50 | + |
| 51 | +```xml |
| 52 | +<!-- |
| 53 | + Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project |
| 54 | + Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); |
| 55 | + you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. |
| 56 | + You may obtain a copy of the License at |
| 57 | + http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 |
| 58 | + Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software |
| 59 | + distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, |
| 60 | + WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. |
| 61 | + See the License for the specific language governing permissions and |
| 62 | + limitations under the License. |
| 63 | +--> |
| 64 | +<vector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" |
| 65 | + android:height="48dp" |
| 66 | + android:width="48dp" |
| 67 | + android:viewportHeight="48" |
| 68 | + android:viewportWidth="48" |
| 69 | + android:tint="?attr/colorControlActivated"> |
| 70 | + <group |
| 71 | + android:name="root" |
| 72 | + android:translateX="24.0" |
| 73 | + android:translateY="24.0" > |
| 74 | + <path |
| 75 | + android:name="progressBar" |
| 76 | + android:fillColor="#00000000" |
| 77 | + android:pathData="M0, 0 m 0, -19 a 19,19 0 1,1 0,38 a 19,19 0 1,1 0,-38" |
| 78 | + android:strokeColor="@color/white" |
| 79 | + android:strokeLineCap="square" |
| 80 | + android:strokeLineJoin="miter" |
| 81 | + android:strokeWidth="4" |
| 82 | + android:trimPathEnd="0" |
| 83 | + android:trimPathOffset="0" |
| 84 | + android:trimPathStart="0" /> |
| 85 | + </group> |
| 86 | +</vector> |
| 87 | +``` |
| 88 | + |
| 89 | +我不想在这里解释 pathData,但它确实绘制了一个圆。但控件不会被渲染成一个圆,因为 trimPath 相关的值都为 0(其实是因为 trimPathEnd="0",使得 Path 起点处的绘制被停止)。 |
| 90 | + |
| 91 | +值得一提的是 path 的命名及其成员元素都与 Animator 关联并应用于 AnimatedVectorDrawable。旋转 Animator 也被应用到其中(在这里都是很常见的方法,所以我不打算过多地解释,有兴趣的话可以[看这里](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/refs/heads/master/core/res/res/anim/progress_indeterminate_rotation_material.xml))。但用于进度条长度变化的 Aniamtor 值得学习: |
| 92 | + |
| 93 | +```xml |
| 94 | +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> |
| 95 | +<!-- |
| 96 | + Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project |
| 97 | + Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); |
| 98 | + you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. |
| 99 | + You may obtain a copy of the License at |
| 100 | + http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 |
| 101 | + Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software |
| 102 | + distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, |
| 103 | + WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. |
| 104 | + See the License for the specific language governing permissions and |
| 105 | + limitations under the License. |
| 106 | +--> |
| 107 | +<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" > |
| 108 | + <objectAnimator |
| 109 | + android:duration="1333" |
| 110 | + android:interpolator="@interpolator/trim_start_interpolator" |
| 111 | + android:propertyName="trimPathStart" |
| 112 | + android:repeatCount="-1" |
| 113 | + android:valueFrom="0" |
| 114 | + android:valueTo="0.75" |
| 115 | + android:valueType="floatType" /> |
| 116 | + <objectAnimator |
| 117 | + android:duration="1333" |
| 118 | + android:interpolator="@interpolator/trim_end_interpolator" |
| 119 | + android:propertyName="trimPathEnd" |
| 120 | + android:repeatCount="-1" |
| 121 | + android:valueFrom="0" |
| 122 | + android:valueTo="0.75" |
| 123 | + android:valueType="floatType" /> |
| 124 | + <objectAnimator |
| 125 | + android:duration="1333" |
| 126 | + android:interpolator="@android:anim/linear_interpolator" |
| 127 | + android:propertyName="trimPathOffset" |
| 128 | + android:repeatCount="-1" |
| 129 | + android:valueFrom="0" |
| 130 | + android:valueTo="0.25" |
| 131 | + android:valueType="floatType" /> |
| 132 | +</set> |
| 133 | +``` |
| 134 | + |
| 135 | +在这里用了三个 Animator,三者并行运行动画效果,且每一个修改 path 元素中 trimPath 前缀的值,最终就实现了我们想要的效果。 |
| 136 | + |
| 137 | +其中第一和第二个 ObjectAnimator 控制圆的起点和终点,绘制出两点间的圆弧。所以当我们以不同的速率改变这两个 Animator 的值时,就会得到我们所说的变长变短的效果。除了应用的插值器,它们对应的参数都是相同的不同。 |
| 138 | + |
| 139 | +第三个 Animator 用于显示间距,以显示长度变化时,长度渐变消失的效果。 |
| 140 | + |
| 141 | +关注我的读者都知道我很喜欢用插值器,因为它们实在是太好用了!在下一篇博文中我会解释其中的细节。 |
| 142 | + |
| 143 | +因为这篇博文都是基于[ Google 源码](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/refs/heads/master/core/res/res/anim/progress_indeterminate_rotation_material.xml)进行的,所以我就不提供源码了,但后面的文章我保证都会有源码! |
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