import java.util.Scanner;

public class ConsoleIoLecture{

public static void main(String[] args) {

/* ***************************************

print() and println()

****************************************/

// >> this:

// System.out.println("here");

// System.out.println("there");

// >> is equivalent to this:

// System.out.print("here2\n");

// System.out.print("there2\n");

// >> without the newline characters, print outputs this:

// System.out.print("here");

// System.out.print("there");

// >> to concatenate, just like JS:

// System.out.println("Hello" + " " + "World");

/* ***************************************

printf()/.format

****************************************/

//TODO TOGETHER: Print a formatted string using the following... printf(formatString, data)

System.out.printf("Hello%n");

System.out.printf("World%n");

//TODO TOGETHER:

// (1) Create a string variable

// (2) print using printf() with placeholder %s

String name = "kristen";

System.out.printf("User name is: %s. \n", name);

// TODO: print using printf() with placeholder %S

int age = 30;

System.out.printf("Age of %S: %d.\n", name, age);

//TODO: Remove the %n from the first printf. What do you notice?

// doesn't print to next line, stays on same line

// >>>> Multiple Variables

//TODO TOGETHER:

// (1) Create 2 variables - int and string

// (2) Print using printf() and placeholders

// note: d : decimal integer [byte, short, int, long]

int three = 3;

String typeOfPet = "cats";

System.out.printf("I have %d %s%n", three, typeOfPet);

//TODO:

// (1) Print using printf(), multiple variables, and placeholders

String name2 = "Kristen";

int age2 = 30;

String typeOfPet2 = "dog";

System.out.printf("Hello %S! You have entered you are %d years old and have a %s.", name2, age2, typeOfPet2);

// >>>> Currency

// %f => float/double formatting

//We can control the precision of the decimal using .___

//TODO TOGETHER:

// (1) Create int variable currencyPennies

// (2) Print variable using currency formatting

int currencyPennies = 1000;

System.out.printf("I'll sell you land for $%d.2f of an acre!%n", currencyPennies/100);

/* ***************************************

USER INPUT

****************************************/

// The Scanner class allows us to get data input that the user enters into the console.

// Scanner Docs ==> http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/ndale/Scanner.html

// >>>> .next() method

// .next() captures each input usually signified by whitespace. The input is returned as a string

// >>>> .nextInt() method

// .nextInt() captures the first valid int value

// >>>> .nextLine() method

// .nextLine() Returns the rest of the current line

/* ****************** NOTE ********************

*Quirk of using next() then nextLine()...

*https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13102045/scanner-is-skipping-nextline-after-using-next-or-nextfoo

*

*That's because the Scanner.nextInt method does not read the newline character in your input created by hitting "Enter,"

*the call to Scanner.nextLine returns after reading that newline.

*You will encounter the similar behaviour when you use Scanner.nextLine() after Scanner.next()

*or any Scanner.nextFoo method (except nextLine itself).

*/

Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Please enter your favorite number: ");

int num = sc.nextInt();

System.out.println(num);

System.out.print("Please enter your favorite words: ");

String words = sc.nextLine();

System.out.println(words);

}

}