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Merge pull request #15602 from immaxchen/bar-chart-auto-label-gh12386
Add an auto-labeling helper function for bar charts
2 parents ba1e063 + 9bb3161 commit 6a322de

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Lines changed: 363 additions & 26 deletions

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‎doc/api/axes_api.rst‎

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@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ Basic
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Axes.bar
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Axes.barh
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Axes.bar_label
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Axes.stem
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Axes.eventplot

‎doc/users/next_whats_new/2019-11-06_auto-labeling-for-bar-charts.rst‎

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:orphan:
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Bar charts auto-labeling
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------------------------
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A new `.Axes.bar_label` method has been added for auto-labeling bar charts.
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See :doc:`/gallery/lines_bars_and_markers/bar_label_demo` for examples.
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‎doc/users/next_whats_new/2019-11-12_bar_container_accepts_orientation.rst‎

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:orphan:
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Setting BarContainer orientation
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--------------------------------
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`.BarContainer` now accepts a new string argument ``orientation``.
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It can be either ``vertical`` or ``horizontal``, default is ``None``.
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‎examples/lines_bars_and_markers/bar_label_demo.py‎

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"""
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==============
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Bar Label Demo
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==============
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This example shows how to use the `~.Axes.bar_label` helper function
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to create bar chart labels.
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See also the :doc:`grouped bar
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</gallery/lines_bars_and_markers/barchart>`,
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:doc:`stacked bar
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</gallery/lines_bars_and_markers/bar_stacked>` and
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:doc:`horizontal bar chart
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</gallery/lines_bars_and_markers/barh>` examples.
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"""
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import matplotlib
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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
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import numpy as np
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###############################################################################
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# Define the data
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N = 5
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menMeans = (20, 35, 30, 35, -27)
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womenMeans = (25, 32, 34, 20, -25)
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menStd = (2, 3, 4, 1, 2)
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womenStd = (3, 5, 2, 3, 3)
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ind = np.arange(N) # the x locations for the groups
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width = 0.35 # the width of the bars: can also be len(x) sequence
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###############################################################################
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# Stacked bar plot with error bars
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fig, ax = plt.subplots()
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p1 = ax.bar(ind, menMeans, width, yerr=menStd, label='Men')
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p2 = ax.bar(ind, womenMeans, width,
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bottom=menMeans, yerr=womenStd, label='Women')
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ax.axhline(0, color='grey', linewidth=0.8)
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ax.set_ylabel('Scores')
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ax.set_title('Scores by group and gender')
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ax.set_xticks(ind)
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ax.set_xticklabels(('G1', 'G2', 'G3', 'G4', 'G5'))
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ax.legend()
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# Label with label_type 'center' instead of the default 'edge'
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ax.bar_label(p1, label_type='center')
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ax.bar_label(p2, label_type='center')
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ax.bar_label(p2)
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plt.show()
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###############################################################################
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# Horizontal bar chart
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# Fixing random state for reproducibility
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np.random.seed(19680801)
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# Example data
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people = ('Tom', 'Dick', 'Harry', 'Slim', 'Jim')
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y_pos = np.arange(len(people))
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performance = 3 + 10 * np.random.rand(len(people))
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error = np.random.rand(len(people))
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fig, ax = plt.subplots()
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hbars = ax.barh(y_pos, performance, xerr=error, align='center')
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ax.set_yticks(y_pos)
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ax.set_yticklabels(people)
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ax.invert_yaxis() # labels read top-to-bottom
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ax.set_xlabel('Performance')
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ax.set_title('How fast do you want to go today?')
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# Label with specially formatted floats
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ax.bar_label(hbars, fmt='%.2f')
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ax.set_xlim(right=15) # adjust xlim to fit labels
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plt.show()
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###############################################################################
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# Some of the more advanced things that one can do with bar labels
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fig, ax = plt.subplots()
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hbars = ax.barh(y_pos, performance, xerr=error, align='center')
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ax.set_yticks(y_pos)
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ax.set_yticklabels(people)
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ax.invert_yaxis() # labels read top-to-bottom
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ax.set_xlabel('Performance')
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ax.set_title('How fast do you want to go today?')
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# Label with given captions, custom padding and annotate options
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ax.bar_label(hbars, labels=['±%.2f' % e for e in error],
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padding=8, color='b', fontsize=14)
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ax.set_xlim(right=16)
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plt.show()
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#############################################################################
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#
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# ------------
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#
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# References
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# """"""""""
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#
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# The use of the following functions, methods and classes is shown
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# in this example:
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matplotlib.axes.Axes.bar
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matplotlib.pyplot.bar
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matplotlib.axes.Axes.barh
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matplotlib.pyplot.barh
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matplotlib.axes.Axes.bar_label
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matplotlib.pyplot.bar_label

‎examples/lines_bars_and_markers/barchart.py‎

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ax.set_xticklabels(labels)
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ax.legend()
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def autolabel(rects):
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"""Attach a text label above each bar in *rects*, displaying its height."""
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for rect in rects:
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height = rect.get_height()
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ax.annotate('{}'.format(height),
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xy=(rect.get_x() + rect.get_width() / 2, height),
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xytext=(0, 3), # 3 points vertical offset
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textcoords="offset points",
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ha='center', va='bottom')
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autolabel(rects1)
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autolabel(rects2)
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ax.bar_label(rects1, padding=3)
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ax.bar_label(rects2, padding=3)
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fig.tight_layout()
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@@ -61,5 +49,5 @@ def autolabel(rects):
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matplotlib.axes.Axes.bar
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matplotlib.pyplot.bar
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matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate
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matplotlib.pyplot.annotate
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matplotlib.axes.Axes.bar_label
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matplotlib.pyplot.bar_label

‎examples/lines_bars_and_markers/horizontal_barchart_distribution.py‎

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@@ -54,15 +54,12 @@ def survey(results, category_names):
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for i, (colname, color) in enumerate(zip(category_names, category_colors)):
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widths = data[:, i]
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starts = data_cum[:, i] - widths
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ax.barh(labels, widths, left=starts, height=0.5,
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label=colname, color=color)
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xcenters = starts + widths / 2
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rects = ax.barh(labels, widths, left=starts, height=0.5,
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label=colname, color=color)
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r, g, b, _ = color
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text_color = 'white' if r * g * b < 0.5 else 'darkgrey'
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for y, (x, c) in enumerate(zip(xcenters, widths)):
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ax.text(x, y, str(int(c)), ha='center', va='center',
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color=text_color)
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ax.bar_label(rects, label_type='center', color=text_color)
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ax.legend(ncol=len(category_names), bbox_to_anchor=(0, 1),
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loc='lower left', fontsize='small')
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import matplotlib
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matplotlib.axes.Axes.barh
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matplotlib.pyplot.barh
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matplotlib.axes.Axes.text
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matplotlib.pyplot.text
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matplotlib.axes.Axes.bar_label
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matplotlib.pyplot.bar_label
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matplotlib.axes.Axes.legend
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matplotlib.pyplot.legend

‎lib/matplotlib/axes/_axes.py‎

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self._request_autoscale_view()
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bar_container = BarContainer(patches, errorbar, label=label)
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if orientation == 'vertical':
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datavalues = height
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elif orientation == 'horizontal':
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datavalues = width
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bar_container = BarContainer(patches, errorbar, datavalues=datavalues,
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orientation=orientation, label=label)
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self.add_container(bar_container)
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if tick_labels is not None:
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align=align, **kwargs)
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return patches
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def bar_label(self, container, labels=None, *, fmt="%g", label_type="edge",
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padding=0, **kwargs):
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"""
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Label a bar plot.
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Adds labels to bars in the given `.BarContainer`.
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You may need to adjust the axis limits to fit the labels.
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Parameters
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----------
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container : `.BarContainer`
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Container with all the bars and optionally errorbars, likely
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returned from `.bar` or `.barh`.
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labels : array-like, optional
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A list of label texts, that should be displayed. If not given, the
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label texts will be the data values formatted with *fmt*.
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fmt : str, default: '%g'
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A format string for the label.
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label_type : {'edge', 'center'}, default: 'edge'
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The label type. Possible values:
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- 'edge': label placed at the end-point of the bar segment, and the
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value displayed will be the position of that end-point.
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- 'center': label placed in the center of the bar segment, and the
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value displayed will be the length of that segment.
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(useful for stacked bars, i.e.
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:doc:`/gallery/lines_bars_and_markers/bar_label_demo`)
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padding : float, default: 0
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Distance of label from the end of the bar.
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**kwargs
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Any remaining keyword arguments are passed through to
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`.Axes.annotate`.
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Returns
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-------
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list of `.Text`
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A list of `.Text` instances for the labels.
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"""
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# want to know whether to put label on positive or negative direction
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# cannot use np.sign here because it will return 0 if x == 0
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def sign(x):
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return 1 if x >= 0 else -1
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_api.check_in_list(['edge', 'center'], label_type=label_type)
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bars = container.patches
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errorbar = container.errorbar
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datavalues = container.datavalues
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orientation = container.orientation
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if errorbar:
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# check "ErrorbarContainer" for the definition of these elements
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lines = errorbar.lines # attribute of "ErrorbarContainer" (tuple)
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barlinecols = lines[2] # 0: data_line, 1: caplines, 2: barlinecols
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barlinecol = barlinecols[0] # the "LineCollection" of error bars
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errs = barlinecol.get_segments()
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else:
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errs = []
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if labels is None:
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labels = []
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annotations = []
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for bar, err, dat, lbl in itertools.zip_longest(
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bars, errs, datavalues, labels
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):
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(x0, y0), (x1, y1) = bar.get_bbox().get_points()
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xc, yc = (x0 + x1) / 2, (y0 + y1) / 2
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if orientation == "vertical":
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extrema = max(y0, y1) if dat >= 0 else min(y0, y1)
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length = abs(y0 - y1)
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elif orientation == "horizontal":
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extrema = max(x0, x1) if dat >= 0 else min(x0, x1)
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length = abs(x0 - x1)
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if err is None:
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endpt = extrema
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elif orientation == "vertical":
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endpt = err[:, 1].max() if dat >= 0 else err[:, 1].min()
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elif orientation == "horizontal":
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endpt = err[:, 0].max() if dat >= 0 else err[:, 0].min()
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if label_type == "center":
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value = sign(dat) * length
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elif label_type == "edge":
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value = extrema
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if label_type == "center":
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xy = xc, yc
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elif label_type == "edge" and orientation == "vertical":
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xy = xc, endpt
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elif label_type == "edge" and orientation == "horizontal":
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xy = endpt, yc
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2612+
if orientation == "vertical":
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xytext = 0, sign(dat) * padding
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else:
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xytext = sign(dat) * padding, 0
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2617+
if label_type == "center":
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ha, va = "center", "center"
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elif label_type == "edge":
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if orientation == "vertical" and dat >= 0:
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ha, va = "center", "bottom"
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elif orientation == "vertical" and dat < 0:
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ha, va = "center", "top"
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elif orientation == "horizontal" and dat >= 0:
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ha, va = "left", "center"
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elif orientation == "horizontal" and dat < 0:
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ha, va = "right", "center"
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2629+
annotation = self.annotate(fmt % value if lbl is None else lbl,
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xy, xytext, textcoords="offset points",
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ha=ha, va=va, **kwargs)
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annotations.append(annotation)
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2634+
return annotations
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@_preprocess_data()
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@docstring.dedent_interpd
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def broken_barh(self, xranges, yrange, **kwargs):

‎lib/matplotlib/container.py‎

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A container for the error bar artists if error bars are present.
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*None* otherwise.
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datavalues : None or array-like
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The underlying data values corresponding to the bars.
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orientation : {'vertical', 'horizontal'}, default: None
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If 'vertical', the bars are assumed to be vertical.
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If 'horizontal', the bars are assumed to be horizontal.
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"""
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def __init__(self, patches, errorbar=None, **kwargs):
69+
def __init__(self, patches, errorbar=None, *, datavalues=None,
70+
orientation=None, **kwargs):
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self.patches = patches
6472
self.errorbar = errorbar
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self.datavalues = datavalues
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self.orientation = orientation
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super().__init__(patches, **kwargs)
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‎lib/matplotlib/pyplot.py‎

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@@ -2596,6 +2596,16 @@ def barh(y, width, height=0.8, left=None, *, align='center', **kwargs):
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y, width, height=height, left=left, align=align, **kwargs)
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25982598

2599+
# Autogenerated by boilerplate.py. Do not edit as changes will be lost.
2600+
@_copy_docstring_and_deprecators(Axes.bar_label)
2601+
def bar_label(
2602+
container, labels=None, *, fmt='%g', label_type='edge',
2603+
padding=0, **kwargs):
2604+
return gca().bar_label(
2605+
container, labels=labels, fmt=fmt, label_type=label_type,
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padding=padding, **kwargs)
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25992609
# Autogenerated by boilerplate.py. Do not edit as changes will be lost.
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@_copy_docstring_and_deprecators(Axes.boxplot)
26012611
def boxplot(

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