diff --git a/articles/add-two-numbers.md b/articles/add-two-numbers.md index 6225ac227..118adab49 100644 --- a/articles/add-two-numbers.md +++ b/articles/add-two-numbers.md @@ -303,6 +303,40 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for singly-linked list. + * public class ListNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: ListNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ next: ListNode?) { self.val = val; self.next = next; } + * } + */ +class Solution { + private func add(_ l1: ListNode?, _ l2: ListNode?, _ carry: Int) -> ListNode? { + if l1 == nil && l2 == nil && carry == 0 { + return nil + } + + let v1 = l1?.val ?? 0 + let v2 = l2?.val ?? 0 + + let sum = v1 + v2 + carry + let newCarry = sum / 10 + let val = sum % 10 + + let nextNode = add(l1?.next, l2?.next, newCarry) + return ListNode(val, nextNode) + } + + func addTwoNumbers(_ l1: ListNode?, _ l2: ListNode?) -> ListNode? { + return add(l1, l2, 0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -577,11 +611,49 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for singly-linked list. + * public class ListNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: ListNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ next: ListNode?) { self.val = val; self.next = next; } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func addTwoNumbers(_ l1: ListNode?, _ l2: ListNode?) -> ListNode? { + let dummy = ListNode(0) + var cur = dummy + var l1 = l1, l2 = l2 + var carry = 0 + + while l1 != nil || l2 != nil || carry != 0 { + let v1 = l1?.val ?? 0 + let v2 = l2?.val ?? 0 + + let sum = v1 + v2 + carry + carry = sum / 10 + let val = sum % 10 + cur.next = ListNode(val) + + cur = cur.next! + l1 = l1?.next + l2 = l2?.next + } + return dummy.next + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(m + n)$ -* Space complexity: $O(1)$ +* Space complexity: + * $O(1)$ extra space. + * $O(max(m, n))$ for the output list. > Where $m$ is the length of $l1$ and $n$ is the length of $l2$. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/articles/anagram-groups.md b/articles/anagram-groups.md index a0aae3216..bf41aaa79 100644 --- a/articles/anagram-groups.md +++ b/articles/anagram-groups.md @@ -125,6 +125,21 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func groupAnagrams(_ strs: [String]) -> [[String]] { + var res = [String: [String]]() + + for s in strs { + let sortedS = String(s.sorted()) + res[sortedS, default: []].append(s) + } + + return Array(res.values) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -277,11 +292,31 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func groupAnagrams(_ strs: [String]) -> [[String]] { + var res = [Array: [String]]() + + for s in strs { + var count = [Int](repeating: 0, count: 26) + for c in s { + count[Int(c.asciiValue!) - 97] += 1 + } + res[count, default: []].append(s) + } + + return Array(res.values) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(m * n)$ -* Space complexity: $O(m)$ +* Space complexity: + * $O(m)$ extra space. + * $O(m * n)$ space for the output list. -> Where $m$ is the number of strings and $n$ is the length of the longest string. +> Where $m$ is the number of strings and $n$ is the length of the longest string. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/articles/balanced-binary-tree.md b/articles/balanced-binary-tree.md index c9c407ed0..21715bc6f 100644 --- a/articles/balanced-binary-tree.md +++ b/articles/balanced-binary-tree.md @@ -254,6 +254,43 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func isBalanced(_ root: TreeNode?) -> Bool { + guard let root = root else { return true } + + let left = height(root.left) + let right = height(root.right) + + if abs(left - right) > 1 { + return false + } + + return isBalanced(root.left) && isBalanced(root.right) + } + + private func height(_ root: TreeNode?) -> Int { + guard let root = root else { return 0 } + return 1 + max(height(root.left), height(root.right)) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -521,6 +558,39 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func isBalanced(_ root: TreeNode?) -> Bool { + return dfs(root).0 + } + + private func dfs(_ root: TreeNode?) -> (Bool, Int) { + guard let root = root else { return (true, 0) } + + let left = dfs(root.left) + let right = dfs(root.right) + + let balanced = left.0 && right.0 && abs(left.1 - right.1) <= 1 + return (balanced, 1 + max(left.1, right.1)) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -534,7 +604,7 @@ class Solution { --- -## 3. Depth First Search (Stack) +## 3. Iterative DFS ::tabs-start @@ -866,6 +936,58 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func isBalanced(_ root: TreeNode?) -> Bool { + var stack = [TreeNode]() + var node = root + var last: TreeNode? = nil + var depths = [ObjectIdentifier: Int]() + + while !stack.isEmpty || node != nil { + if let current = node { + stack.append(current) + node = current.left + } else { + guard let current = stack.last else { break } + if current.right == nil || last === current.right { + stack.removeLast() + + let leftDepth = current.left != nil ? depths[ObjectIdentifier(current.left!)] ?? 0 : 0 + let rightDepth = current.right != nil ? depths[ObjectIdentifier(current.right!)] ?? 0 : 0 + if abs(leftDepth - rightDepth) > 1 { + return false + } + + depths[ObjectIdentifier(current)] = 1 + max(leftDepth, rightDepth) + last = current + node = nil + } else { + node = current.right + } + } + } + + return true + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/binary-search.md b/articles/binary-search.md index 5e88782ce..59a970a26 100644 --- a/articles/binary-search.md +++ b/articles/binary-search.md @@ -139,6 +139,29 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func binarySearch(_ l: Int, _ r: Int, _ nums: [Int], _ target: Int) -> Int { + if l > r { + return -1 + } + let m = l + (r - l) / 2 + + if nums[m] == target { + return m + } + if nums[m] < target { + return binarySearch(m + 1, r, nums, target) + } + return binarySearch(l, m - 1, nums, target) + } + + func search(_ nums: [Int], _ target: Int) -> Int { + return binarySearch(0, nums.count - 1, nums, target) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -296,6 +319,28 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func search(_ nums: [Int], _ target: Int) -> Int { + var l = 0, r = nums.count - 1 + + while l <= r { + // (l + r) // 2 can lead to overflow + let m = l + (r - l) / 2 + + if nums[m] > target { + r = m - 1 + } else if nums[m] < target { + l = m + 1 + } else { + return m + } + } + return -1 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -439,6 +484,24 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func search(_ nums: [Int], _ target: Int) -> Int { + var l = 0, r = nums.count + + while l < r { + let m = l + (r - l) / 2 + if nums[m] > target { + r = m + } else { + l = m + 1 + } + } + return (l > 0 && nums[l - 1] == target) ? l - 1 : -1 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -582,6 +645,24 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func search(_ nums: [Int], _ target: Int) -> Int { + var l = 0, r = nums.count + + while l < r { + let m = l + (r - l) / 2 + if nums[m] >= target { + r = m + } else { + l = m + 1 + } + } + return (l < nums.count && nums[l] == target) ? l : -1 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -664,6 +745,15 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func search(_ nums: [Int], _ target: Int) -> Int { + let index = nums.partitioningIndex { $0 >= target } + return (index < nums.count && nums[index] == target) ? index : -1 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/binary-tree-diameter.md b/articles/binary-tree-diameter.md index 3c73fbe92..b11c3e40e 100644 --- a/articles/binary-tree-diameter.md +++ b/articles/binary-tree-diameter.md @@ -259,6 +259,41 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func diameterOfBinaryTree(_ root: TreeNode?) -> Int { + guard let root = root else { return 0 } + + let leftHeight = maxHeight(root.left) + let rightHeight = maxHeight(root.right) + let diameter = leftHeight + rightHeight + let sub = max(diameterOfBinaryTree(root.left), diameterOfBinaryTree(root.right)) + + return max(diameter, sub) + } + + private func maxHeight(_ root: TreeNode?) -> Int { + guard let root = root else { return 0 } + return 1 + max(maxHeight(root.left), maxHeight(root.right)) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -515,6 +550,40 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func diameterOfBinaryTree(_ root: TreeNode?) -> Int { + var res = 0 + + func dfs(_ root: TreeNode?) -> Int { + guard let root = root else { return 0 } + let left = dfs(root.left) + let right = dfs(root.right) + res = max(res, left + right) + return 1 + max(left, right) + } + + dfs(root) + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -876,6 +945,49 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func diameterOfBinaryTree(_ root: TreeNode?) -> Int { + guard let root = root else { return 0 } + var stack: [TreeNode] = [root] + var mp = [ObjectIdentifier: (Int, Int)]() + + while !stack.isEmpty { + let node = stack.last! + if let left = node.left, mp[ObjectIdentifier(left)] == nil { + stack.append(left) + } else if let right = node.right, mp[ObjectIdentifier(right)] == nil { + stack.append(right) + } else { + let node = stack.removeLast() + let leftTuple = node.left != nil ? mp[ObjectIdentifier(node.left!)]! : (0, 0) + let rightTuple = node.right != nil ? mp[ObjectIdentifier(node.right!)]! : (0, 0) + let height = 1 + max(leftTuple.0, rightTuple.0) + let diameter = max(leftTuple.0 + rightTuple.0, leftTuple.1, rightTuple.1) + mp[ObjectIdentifier(node)] = (height, diameter) + } + } + + return mp[ObjectIdentifier(root)]!.1 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/binary-tree-from-preorder-and-inorder-traversal.md b/articles/binary-tree-from-preorder-and-inorder-traversal.md index 621fc91cd..b21106a35 100644 --- a/articles/binary-tree-from-preorder-and-inorder-traversal.md +++ b/articles/binary-tree-from-preorder-and-inorder-traversal.md @@ -235,6 +235,49 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func buildTree(_ preorder: [Int], _ inorder: [Int]) -> TreeNode? { + if preorder.isEmpty || inorder.isEmpty { + return nil + } + + let rootValue = preorder[0] + let root = TreeNode(rootValue) + guard let mid = inorder.firstIndex(of: rootValue) else { + return root + } + + root.left = buildTree( + Array(preorder[1..<(mid + 1)]), + Array(inorder[0.. TreeNode? { + for (index, value) in inorder.enumerated() { + indexMap[value] = index + } + return dfs(preorder, 0, inorder.count - 1) + } + + private func dfs(_ preorder: [Int], _ left: Int, _ right: Int) -> TreeNode? { + if left > right { + return nil + } + + let rootVal = preorder[preIndex] + preIndex += 1 + let root = TreeNode(rootVal) + let mid = indexMap[rootVal]! + + root.left = dfs(preorder, left, mid - 1) + root.right = dfs(preorder, mid + 1, right) + + return root + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -775,6 +863,48 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + var preIdx = 0 + var inIdx = 0 + + func buildTree(_ preorder: [Int], _ inorder: [Int]) -> TreeNode? { + return dfs(preorder, inorder, Int.max) + } + + private func dfs(_ preorder: [Int], _ inorder: [Int], _ limit: Int) -> TreeNode? { + if preIdx >= preorder.count { + return nil + } + if inorder[inIdx] == limit { + inIdx += 1 + return nil + } + + let root = TreeNode(preorder[preIdx]) + preIdx += 1 + root.left = dfs(preorder, inorder, root.val) + root.right = dfs(preorder, inorder, limit) + return root + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/binary-tree-maximum-path-sum.md b/articles/binary-tree-maximum-path-sum.md index af442201a..ebd5467bc 100644 --- a/articles/binary-tree-maximum-path-sum.md +++ b/articles/binary-tree-maximum-path-sum.md @@ -290,6 +290,49 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + var res = Int.min + + func maxPathSum(_ root: TreeNode?) -> Int { + dfs(root) + return res + } + + private func dfs(_ root: TreeNode?) { + guard let node = root else { return } + let left = getMax(node.left) + let right = getMax(node.right) + res = max(res, node.val + left + right) + dfs(node.left) + dfs(node.right) + } + + private func getMax(_ root: TreeNode?) -> Int { + guard let node = root else { return 0 } + let left = getMax(node.left) + let right = getMax(node.right) + let path = node.val + max(left, right) + return max(0, path) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -560,6 +603,42 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func maxPathSum(_ root: TreeNode?) -> Int { + var res = root!.val + + func dfs(_ root: TreeNode?) -> Int { + guard let node = root else { return 0 } + + let leftMax = max(dfs(node.left), 0) + let rightMax = max(dfs(node.right), 0) + + res = max(res, node.val + leftMax + rightMax) + return node.val + max(leftMax, rightMax) + } + + dfs(root) + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/binary-tree-right-side-view.md b/articles/binary-tree-right-side-view.md index e17b22299..4d8a68b19 100644 --- a/articles/binary-tree-right-side-view.md +++ b/articles/binary-tree-right-side-view.md @@ -236,6 +236,42 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func rightSideView(_ root: TreeNode?) -> [Int] { + var res = [Int]() + + func dfs(_ node: TreeNode?, _ depth: Int) { + guard let node = node else { return } + if depth == res.count { + res.append(node.val) + } + + dfs(node.right, depth + 1) + dfs(node.left, depth + 1) + } + + dfs(root, 0) + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -530,6 +566,48 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func rightSideView(_ root: TreeNode?) -> [Int] { + var res = [Int]() + var q = Deque() + q.append(root) + + while !q.isEmpty { + var rightSide: TreeNode? + let qLen = q.count + + for _ in 0.. Int { + var nums = [1] + nums + [1] + + func dfs(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + if nums.count == 2 { + return 0 + } + + var maxCoins = 0 + for i in 1..<(nums.count - 1) { + let coins = nums[i - 1] * nums[i] * nums[i + 1] + + dfs(Array(nums[.. Int { + var nums = [1] + nums + [1] + let n = nums.count + var dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: -1, count: n), count: n) + + func dfs(_ l: Int, _ r: Int) -> Int { + if l > r { + return 0 + } + if dp[l][r] != -1 { + return dp[l][r] + } + + dp[l][r] = 0 + for i in l...r { + let coins = nums[l - 1] * nums[i] * nums[r + 1] + dfs(l, i - 1) + dfs(i + 1, r) + dp[l][r] = max(dp[l][r], coins) + } + return dp[l][r] + } + + return dfs(1, n - 2) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -621,6 +673,29 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func maxCoins(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + let n = nums.count + var newNums = [1] + nums + [1] + + var dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: 0, count: n + 2), count: n + 2) + + for l in stride(from: n, through: 1, by: -1) { + for r in l...n { + for i in l...r { + let coins = (newNums[l - 1] * newNums[i] * newNums[r + 1]) + + dp[l][i - 1] + dp[i + 1][r] + dp[l][r] = max(dp[l][r], coins) + } + } + } + + return dp[1][n] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/buy-and-sell-crypto-with-cooldown.md b/articles/buy-and-sell-crypto-with-cooldown.md index 366028454..9c4ae550b 100644 --- a/articles/buy-and-sell-crypto-with-cooldown.md +++ b/articles/buy-and-sell-crypto-with-cooldown.md @@ -171,6 +171,31 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func maxProfit(_ prices: [Int]) -> Int { + let n = prices.count + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ buying: Bool) -> Int { + if i >= n { + return 0 + } + + let cooldown = dfs(i + 1, buying) + if buying { + let buy = dfs(i + 1, false) - prices[i] + return max(buy, cooldown) + } else { + let sell = dfs(i + 2, true) + prices[i] + return max(sell, cooldown) + } + } + + return dfs(0, true) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -412,6 +437,36 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func maxProfit(_ prices: [Int]) -> Int { + let n = prices.count + var dp = [[Int?]](repeating: [Int?](repeating: nil, count: 2), count: n) + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ buying: Int) -> Int { + if i >= n { + return 0 + } + if let cached = dp[i][buying] { + return cached + } + + let cooldown = dfs(i + 1, buying) + if buying == 1 { + let buy = dfs(i + 1, 0) - prices[i] + dp[i][buying] = max(buy, cooldown) + } else { + let sell = dfs(i + 2, 1) + prices[i] + dp[i][buying] = max(sell, cooldown) + } + return dp[i][buying]! + } + + return dfs(0, 1) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -611,6 +666,31 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func maxProfit(_ prices: [Int]) -> Int { + let n = prices.count + var dp = Array(repeating: [0, 0], count: n + 1) + + for i in stride(from: n - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + for buying in 0...1 { + if buying == 1 { + let buy = (i + 1 < n ? dp[i + 1][0] - prices[i] : -prices[i]) + let cooldown = (i + 1 < n ? dp[i + 1][1] : 0) + dp[i][1] = max(buy, cooldown) + } else { + let sell = (i + 2 < n ? dp[i + 2][1] + prices[i] : prices[i]) + let cooldown = (i + 1 < n ? dp[i + 1][0] : 0) + dp[i][0] = max(sell, cooldown) + } + } + } + + return dp[0][1] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -769,6 +849,26 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func maxProfit(_ prices: [Int]) -> Int { + let n = prices.count + var dp1Buy = 0, dp1Sell = 0 + var dp2Buy = 0 + + for i in stride(from: n - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + let dpBuy = max(dp1Sell - prices[i], dp1Buy) + let dpSell = max(dp2Buy + prices[i], dp1Sell) + dp2Buy = dp1Buy + dp1Buy = dpBuy + dp1Sell = dpSell + } + + return dp1Buy + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/buy-and-sell-crypto.md b/articles/buy-and-sell-crypto.md index 0e618efd5..b983fd272 100644 --- a/articles/buy-and-sell-crypto.md +++ b/articles/buy-and-sell-crypto.md @@ -120,6 +120,22 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func maxProfit(_ prices: [Int]) -> Int { + var res = 0 + for i in 0.. Int { + var l = 0, r = 1 + var maxP = 0 + + while r < prices.count { + if prices[l] < prices[r] { + let profit = prices[r] - prices[l] + maxP = max(maxP, profit) + } else { + l = r + } + r += 1 + } + return maxP + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -397,6 +433,21 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func maxProfit(_ prices: [Int]) -> Int { + var maxP = 0 + var minBuy = prices[0] + + for sell in prices { + maxP = max(maxP, sell - minBuy) + minBuy = min(minBuy, sell) + } + return maxP + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/car-fleet.md b/articles/car-fleet.md index 2d4e2ef35..22c7a9d0f 100644 --- a/articles/car-fleet.md +++ b/articles/car-fleet.md @@ -150,6 +150,26 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func carFleet(_ target: Int, _ position: [Int], _ speed: [Int]) -> Int { + var pair = zip(position, speed).map { ($0, $1) } + pair.sort { $0.0 > $1.0 } // Sort in descending order by position + + var stack = [Double]() + + for (p, s) in pair { + stack.append(Double(target - p) / Double(s)) + if stack.count >= 2 && stack.last! <= stack[stack.count - 2] { + stack.removeLast() + } + } + + return stack.count + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -327,6 +347,30 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func carFleet(_ target: Int, _ position: [Int], _ speed: [Int]) -> Int { + var pair = zip(position, speed).map { ($0, $1) } + pair.sort { $0.0 > $1.0 } // Sort in descending order by position + + var fleets = 1 + var prevTime = Double(target - pair[0].0) / Double(pair[0].1) + + for i in 1.. prevTime { + fleets += 1 + prevTime = currTime + } + } + + return fleets + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/cheapest-flight-path.md b/articles/cheapest-flight-path.md index 6c23351be..976640249 100644 --- a/articles/cheapest-flight-path.md +++ b/articles/cheapest-flight-path.md @@ -258,6 +258,53 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +struct Item: Comparable { + let cost: Int + let node: Int + let stops: Int + + static func < (lhs: Item, rhs: Item) -> Bool { + return lhs.cost < rhs.cost + } +} + +class Solution { + func findCheapestPrice(_ n: Int, _ flights: [[Int]], _ src: Int, _ dst: Int, _ k: Int) -> Int { + let INF = Int.max + var adj = Array(repeating: [(Int, Int)](), count: n) + var dist = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: INF, count: k + 5), count: n) + + for flight in flights { + let u = flight[0], v = flight[1], cst = flight[2] + adj[u].append((v, cst)) + } + + var minHeap = Heap() + minHeap.insert(Item(cost: 0, node: src, stops: -1)) + dist[src][0] = 0 + + while !minHeap.isEmpty { + let item = minHeap.removeMin() + let cst = item.cost, node = item.node, stops = item.stops + if node == dst { return cst } + if stops == k || dist[node][stops + 1] < cst { continue } + + for (nei, w) in adj[node] { + let nextCst = cst + w + let nextStops = stops + 1 + if dist[nei][nextStops + 1] > nextCst { + dist[nei][nextStops + 1] = nextCst + minHeap.insert(Item(cost: nextCst, node: nei, stops: nextStops)) + } + } + } + + return -1 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -471,6 +518,31 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findCheapestPrice(_ n: Int, _ flights: [[Int]], _ src: Int, _ dst: Int, _ k: Int) -> Int { + var prices = Array(repeating: Int.max, count: n) + prices[src] = 0 + + for _ in 0...k { + var tmpPrices = prices + + for flight in flights { + let s = flight[0], d = flight[1], p = flight[2] + if prices[s] == Int.max { + continue + } + if prices[s] + p < tmpPrices[d] { + tmpPrices[d] = prices[s] + p + } + } + prices = tmpPrices + } + return prices[dst] == Int.max ? -1 : prices[dst] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -727,6 +799,41 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findCheapestPrice(_ n: Int, _ flights: [[Int]], _ src: Int, _ dst: Int, _ k: Int) -> Int { + var prices = Array(repeating: Int.max, count: n) + prices[src] = 0 + var adj = Array(repeating: [(Int, Int)](), count: n) + + for flight in flights { + let u = flight[0], v = flight[1], cst = flight[2] + adj[u].append((v, cst)) + } + + var queue = Deque<(Int, Int, Int)>() + queue.append((0, src, 0)) + + while !queue.isEmpty { + let (cst, node, stops) = queue.popFirst()! + if stops > k { + continue + } + + for (nei, w) in adj[node] { + let nextCost = cst + w + if nextCost < prices[nei] { + prices[nei] = nextCost + queue.append((nextCost, nei, stops + 1)) + } + } + } + + return prices[dst] == Int.max ? -1 : prices[dst] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/climbing-stairs.md b/articles/climbing-stairs.md index a1a70e0fa..126511582 100644 --- a/articles/climbing-stairs.md +++ b/articles/climbing-stairs.md @@ -99,6 +99,21 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func climbStairs(_ n: Int) -> Int { + func dfs(_ i: Int) -> Int { + if i >= n { + return i == n ? 1 : 0 + } + return dfs(i + 1) + dfs(i + 2) + } + + return dfs(0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -240,6 +255,27 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func climbStairs(_ n: Int) -> Int { + var cache = Array(repeating: -1, count: n) + + func dfs(_ i: Int) -> Int { + if i >= n { + return i == n ? 1 : 0 + } + if cache[i] != -1 { + return cache[i] + } + cache[i] = dfs(i + 1) + dfs(i + 2) + return cache[i] + } + + return dfs(0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -368,6 +404,23 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func climbStairs(_ n: Int) -> Int { + if n <= 2 { + return n + } + var dp = Array(repeating: 0, count: n + 1) + dp[1] = 1 + dp[2] = 2 + for i in 3...n { + dp[i] = dp[i - 1] + dp[i - 2] + } + return dp[n] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -495,6 +548,22 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func climbStairs(_ n: Int) -> Int { + var one = 1, two = 1 + + for _ in 0..<(n - 1) { + let temp = one + one = one + two + two = temp + } + + return one + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -764,6 +833,45 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func climbStairs(_ n: Int) -> Int { + if n == 1 { + return 1 + } + + func matrixMult(_ A: [[Int]], _ B: [[Int]]) -> [[Int]] { + return [ + [A[0][0] * B[0][0] + A[0][1] * B[1][0], + A[0][0] * B[0][1] + A[0][1] * B[1][1]], + [A[1][0] * B[0][0] + A[1][1] * B[1][0], + A[1][0] * B[0][1] + A[1][1] * B[1][1]] + ] + } + + func matrixPow(_ M: [[Int]], _ p: Int) -> [[Int]] { + var result = [[1, 0], [0, 1]] + var base = M + var power = p + + while power > 0 { + if power % 2 == 1 { + result = matrixMult(result, base) + } + base = matrixMult(base, base) + power /= 2 + } + + return result + } + + let M = [[1, 1], [1, 0]] + let result = matrixPow(M, n) + return result[0][0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -865,6 +973,18 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func climbStairs(_ n: Int) -> Int { + let sqrt5 = sqrt(5.0) + let phi = (1.0 + sqrt5) / 2.0 + let psi = (1.0 - sqrt5) / 2.0 + let n = n + 1 + return Int(round((pow(phi, Double(n)) - pow(psi, Double(n))) / sqrt5)) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/clone-graph.md b/articles/clone-graph.md index ff2612c4c..e71e55184 100644 --- a/articles/clone-graph.md +++ b/articles/clone-graph.md @@ -290,6 +290,47 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a Node. + * public class Node { + * public var val: Int + * public var neighbors: [Node?] + * public init(_ val: Int) { + * self.val = val + * self.neighbors = [] + * } + * } + */ + +class Solution { + func cloneGraph(_ node: Node?) -> Node? { + var oldToNew = [Node: Node]() + + func dfs(_ node: Node?) -> Node? { + guard let node = node else { return nil } + + if let existingCopy = oldToNew[node] { + return existingCopy + } + + let copy = Node(node.val) + oldToNew[node] = copy + + for neighbor in node.neighbors { + if let clonedNeighbor = dfs(neighbor) { + copy.neighbors.append(clonedNeighbor) + } + } + + return copy + } + + return dfs(node) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -582,6 +623,49 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a Node. + * public class Node { + * public var val: Int + * public var neighbors: [Node?] + * public init(_ val: Int) { + * self.val = val + * self.neighbors = [] + * } + * } + */ + +class Solution { + func cloneGraph(_ node: Node?) -> Node? { + if node == nil { + return nil + } + + var oldToNew: [Node: Node] = [:] + let newNode = Node(node!.val) + oldToNew[node!] = newNode + var queue = Deque() + queue.append(node!) + + while !queue.isEmpty { + let cur = queue.popFirst()! + for nei in cur.neighbors { + if let nei = nei { + if oldToNew[nei] == nil { + oldToNew[nei] = Node(nei.val) + queue.append(nei) + } + oldToNew[cur]!.neighbors.append(oldToNew[nei]!) + } + } + } + + return oldToNew[node!] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/coin-change-ii.md b/articles/coin-change-ii.md index cdfd83983..6e4cce788 100644 --- a/articles/coin-change-ii.md +++ b/articles/coin-change-ii.md @@ -178,6 +178,32 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func change(_ amount: Int, _ coins: [Int]) -> Int { + let coins = coins.sorted() + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ a: Int) -> Int { + if a == 0 { + return 1 + } + if i >= coins.count { + return 0 + } + + var res = 0 + if a >= coins[i] { + res = dfs(i + 1, a) + res += dfs(i, a - coins[i]) + } + return res + } + + return dfs(0, amount) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -399,6 +425,38 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func change(_ amount: Int, _ coins: [Int]) -> Int { + let coins = coins.sorted() + var memo = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: -1, count: amount + 1), count: coins.count + 1) + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ a: Int) -> Int { + if a == 0 { + return 1 + } + if i >= coins.count { + return 0 + } + if memo[i][a] != -1 { + return memo[i][a] + } + + var res = 0 + if a >= coins[i] { + res = dfs(i + 1, a) + res += dfs(i, a - coins[i]) + } + + memo[i][a] = res + return res + } + + return dfs(0, amount) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -464,8 +522,8 @@ public: int change(int amount, vector& coins) { int n = coins.size(); sort(coins.begin(), coins.end()); - vector> dp(n + 1, vector(amount + 1, 0)); - + vector> dp(n + 1, vector(amount + 1, 0)); + for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) { dp[i][0] = 1; } @@ -592,6 +650,41 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func change(_ amount: Int, _ coins: [Int]) -> Int { + let n = coins.count + let sortedCoins = coins.sorted() + var dp = Array( + repeating: Array(repeating: 0, count: amount + 1), + count: n + 1 + ) + + for i in 0...n { + dp[i][0] = 1 + } + + for i in stride(from: n - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + for a in 0...amount { + let base = dp[i + 1][a] + if a >= sortedCoins[i] { + let addend = dp[i][a - sortedCoins[i]] + if base > Int.max - addend { + dp[i][a] = 0 + } else { + dp[i][a] = base + addend + } + } else { + dp[i][a] = base + } + } + } + + return dp[0][amount] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -650,10 +743,10 @@ public class Solution { class Solution { public: int change(int amount, vector& coins) { - vector dp(amount + 1, 0); + vector dp(amount + 1, 0); dp[0] = 1; for (int i = coins.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) { - vector nextDP(amount + 1, 0); + vector nextDP(amount + 1, 0); nextDP[0] = 1; for (int a = 1; a <= amount; a++) { @@ -764,6 +857,36 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func change(_ amount: Int, _ coins: [Int]) -> Int { + var dp = [Int](repeating: 0, count: amount + 1) + dp[0] = 1 + + for i in stride(from: coins.count - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + var nextDP = [Int](repeating: 0, count: amount + 1) + nextDP[0] = 1 + + for a in 1..<(amount + 1) { + nextDP[a] = dp[a] + if a - coins[i] >= 0 { + let addend = nextDP[a - coins[i]] + if nextDP[a] > Int.max - addend { + nextDP[a] = 0 + } else { + nextDP[a] += addend + } + } + } + + dp = nextDP + } + + return dp[amount] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -807,7 +930,7 @@ public class Solution { class Solution { public: int change(int amount, vector& coins) { - vector dp(amount + 1, 0); + vector dp(amount + 1, 0); dp[0] = 1; for (int i = coins.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) { for (int a = 1; a <= amount; a++) { @@ -890,6 +1013,30 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func change(_ amount: Int, _ coins: [Int]) -> Int { + var dp = [Int](repeating: 0, count: amount + 1) + dp[0] = 1 + + for i in stride(from: coins.count - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + for a in 1..<(amount + 1) { + if coins[i] <= a { + let addend = dp[a - coins[i]] + if dp[a] > Int.max - addend { + dp[a] = 0 + } else { + dp[a] += addend + } + } + } + } + + return dp[amount] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/coin-change.md b/articles/coin-change.md index eb1f7e715..f61f99922 100644 --- a/articles/coin-change.md +++ b/articles/coin-change.md @@ -170,6 +170,29 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func coinChange(_ coins: [Int], _ amount: Int) -> Int { + func dfs(_ amount: Int) -> Int { + if amount == 0 { + return 0 + } + + var res = Int(1e9) + for coin in coins { + if amount - coin >= 0 { + res = min(res, 1 + dfs(amount - coin)) + } + } + return res + } + + let minCoins = dfs(amount) + return minCoins >= Int(1e9) ? -1 : minCoins + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -393,6 +416,36 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func coinChange(_ coins: [Int], _ amount: Int) -> Int { + var memo = [Int: Int]() + + func dfs(_ amount: Int) -> Int { + if amount == 0 { + return 0 + } + if let cached = memo[amount] { + return cached + } + + var res = Int(1e9) + for coin in coins { + if amount - coin >= 0 { + res = min(res, 1 + dfs(amount - coin)) + } + } + + memo[amount] = res + return res + } + + let minCoins = dfs(amount) + return minCoins >= Int(1e9) ? -1 : minCoins + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -542,6 +595,29 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func coinChange(_ coins: [Int], _ amount: Int) -> Int { + if amount == 0 { + return 0 + } + + var dp = [Int](repeating: amount + 1, count: amount + 1) + dp[0] = 0 + + for a in 1...amount { + for coin in coins { + if a - coin >= 0 { + dp[a] = min(dp[a], 1 + dp[a - coin]) + } + } + } + + return dp[amount] == amount + 1 ? -1 : dp[amount] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -772,6 +848,41 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func coinChange(_ coins: [Int], _ amount: Int) -> Int { + if amount == 0 { + return 0 + } + + var q = Deque([0]) + var seen = Array(repeating: false, count: amount + 1) + seen[0] = true + var res = 0 + + while !q.isEmpty { + res += 1 + for _ in 0.. amount || seen[nxt] { + continue + } + seen[nxt] = true + q.append(nxt) + } + } + } + + return -1 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/combination-target-sum-ii.md b/articles/combination-target-sum-ii.md index 0c9a90f24..3b35aab6d 100644 --- a/articles/combination-target-sum-ii.md +++ b/articles/combination-target-sum-ii.md @@ -216,6 +216,35 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func combinationSum2(_ candidates: [Int], _ target: Int) -> [[Int]] { + var res = Set<[Int]>() + let sortedCandidates = candidates.sorted() + + func generateSubsets(_ i: Int, _ cur: inout [Int], _ total: Int) { + if total == target { + res.insert(cur) + return + } + if total > target || i == sortedCandidates.count { + return + } + + cur.append(sortedCandidates[i]) + generateSubsets(i + 1, &cur, total + sortedCandidates[i]) + cur.removeLast() + + generateSubsets(i + 1, &cur, total) + } + + var cur: [Int] = [] + generateSubsets(0, &cur, 0) + return Array(res) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -464,6 +493,39 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func combinationSum2(_ candidates: [Int], _ target: Int) -> [[Int]] { + var res = [[Int]]() + let sortedCandidates = candidates.sorted() + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ cur: inout [Int], _ total: Int) { + if total == target { + res.append(cur) + return + } + if total > target || i == sortedCandidates.count { + return + } + + cur.append(sortedCandidates[i]) + dfs(i + 1, &cur, total + sortedCandidates[i]) + cur.removeLast() + + var j = i + while j + 1 < sortedCandidates.count && sortedCandidates[j] == sortedCandidates[j + 1] { + j += 1 + } + dfs(j + 1, &cur, total) + } + + var cur: [Int] = [] + dfs(0, &cur, 0) + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -772,6 +834,47 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func combinationSum2(_ nums: [Int], _ target: Int) -> [[Int]] { + var res = [[Int]]() + var count = [Int: Int]() + var uniqueNums = [Int]() + + for num in nums { + if count[num] == nil { + uniqueNums.append(num) + } + count[num, default: 0] += 1 + } + + func backtrack(_ nums: [Int], _ target: Int, _ cur: inout [Int], _ i: Int) { + if target == 0 { + res.append(cur) + return + } + if target < 0 || i >= nums.count { + return + } + + if count[nums[i], default: 0] > 0 { + cur.append(nums[i]) + count[nums[i], default: 0] -= 1 + backtrack(nums, target - nums[i], &cur, i) + count[nums[i], default: 0] += 1 + cur.removeLast() + } + + backtrack(nums, target, &cur, i + 1) + } + + var cur: [Int] = [] + backtrack(uniqueNums, target, &cur, 0) + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1008,6 +1111,39 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func combinationSum2(_ candidates: [Int], _ target: Int) -> [[Int]] { + var res = [[Int]]() + let sortedCandidates = candidates.sorted() + + func dfs(_ idx: Int, _ path: inout [Int], _ cur: Int) { + if cur == target { + res.append(path) + return + } + + for i in idx.. idx && sortedCandidates[i] == sortedCandidates[i - 1] { + continue + } + if cur + sortedCandidates[i] > target { + break + } + + path.append(sortedCandidates[i]) + dfs(i + 1, &path, cur + sortedCandidates[i]) + path.removeLast() + } + } + + var path: [Int] = [] + dfs(0, &path, 0) + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/combination-target-sum.md b/articles/combination-target-sum.md index 43a9f3cd1..46436ad64 100644 --- a/articles/combination-target-sum.md +++ b/articles/combination-target-sum.md @@ -194,6 +194,33 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func combinationSum(_ nums: [Int], _ target: Int) -> [[Int]] { + var res: [[Int]] = [] + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ cur: inout [Int], _ total: Int) { + if total == target { + res.append(cur) + return + } + if i >= nums.count || total > target { + return + } + + cur.append(nums[i]) + dfs(i, &cur, total + nums[i]) + cur.removeLast() + dfs(i + 1, &cur, total) + } + + var cur: [Int] = [] + dfs(0, &cur, 0) + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -406,6 +433,35 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func combinationSum(_ nums: [Int], _ target: Int) -> [[Int]] { + var res: [[Int]] = [] + let sortedNums = nums.sorted() + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ cur: inout [Int], _ total: Int) { + if total == target { + res.append(cur) + return + } + + for j in i.. target { + return + } + cur.append(sortedNums[j]) + dfs(j, &cur, total + sortedNums[j]) + cur.removeLast() + } + } + + var cur: [Int] = [] + dfs(0, &cur, 0) + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/combinations-of-a-phone-number.md b/articles/combinations-of-a-phone-number.md index 941f7ebf6..6f6bfd6dd 100644 --- a/articles/combinations-of-a-phone-number.md +++ b/articles/combinations-of-a-phone-number.md @@ -212,12 +212,45 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func letterCombinations(_ digits: String) -> [String] { + guard !digits.isEmpty else { return [] } + + let digitToChar: [Character: String] = [ + "2": "abc", "3": "def", "4": "ghi", "5": "jkl", + "6": "mno", "7": "pqrs", "8": "tuv", "9": "wxyz" + ] + + var res = [String]() + let digitsArray = Array(digits) + + func backtrack(_ i: Int, _ curStr: String) { + if curStr.count == digits.count { + res.append(curStr) + return + } + if let letters = digitToChar[digitsArray[i]] { + for c in letters { + backtrack(i + 1, curStr + String(c)) + } + } + } + + backtrack(0, "") + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(n * 4 ^ n)$ -* Space complexity: $O(n)$ +* Space complexity: + * $O(n)$ extra space. + * $O(n * 4 ^ n)$ space for the output list. --- @@ -429,9 +462,39 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func letterCombinations(_ digits: String) -> [String] { + guard !digits.isEmpty else { return [] } + + let digitToChar: [Character: String] = [ + "2": "abc", "3": "def", "4": "ghi", "5": "jkl", + "6": "mno", "7": "pqrs", "8": "tuv", "9": "wxyz" + ] + + var res = [""] + + for digit in digits { + guard let letters = digitToChar[digit] else { continue } + var tmp = [String]() + for curStr in res { + for c in letters { + tmp.append(curStr + String(c)) + } + } + res = tmp + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(n * 4 ^ n)$ -* Space complexity: $O(n)$ \ No newline at end of file +* Space complexity: + * $O(n)$ extra space. + * $O(n * 4 ^ n)$ space for the output list. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/articles/copy-linked-list-with-random-pointer.md b/articles/copy-linked-list-with-random-pointer.md index 2c8acaed9..0b595bf64 100644 --- a/articles/copy-linked-list-with-random-pointer.md +++ b/articles/copy-linked-list-with-random-pointer.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -## 1. Hash Map (Recursion) +## 1. Recursion + Hash Map ::tabs-start @@ -223,6 +223,44 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a Node. + * public class Node { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: Node? + * public var random: Node? + * public init(_ val: Int) { + * self.val = val + * self.next = nil + * self.random = nil + * } + * } + */ + +class Solution { + private var map = [Node: Node]() + + func copyRandomList(_ head: Node?) -> Node? { + if head == nil { + return nil + } + + if let copied = map[head!] { + return copied + } + + let copy = Node(head!.val) + map[head!] = copy + + copy.next = copyRandomList(head!.next) + copy.random = copyRandomList(head!.random) + + return copy + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -494,6 +532,45 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a Node. + * public class Node { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: Node? + * public var random: Node? + * public init(_ val: Int) { + * self.val = val + * self.next = nil + * self.random = nil + * } + * } + */ + +class Solution { + func copyRandomList(_ head: Node?) -> Node? { + var oldToCopy: [Node?: Node?] = [nil: nil] + + var cur = head + while cur != nil { + let copy = Node(cur!.val) + oldToCopy[cur] = copy + cur = cur?.next + } + + cur = head + while cur != nil { + let copy = oldToCopy[cur]! + copy?.next = oldToCopy[cur?.next]! + copy?.random = oldToCopy[cur?.random]! + cur = cur?.next + } + + return oldToCopy[head]! + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -789,6 +866,46 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a Node. + * public class Node { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: Node? + * public var random: Node? + * public init(_ val: Int) { + * self.val = val + * self.next = nil + * self.random = nil + * } + * } + */ + +class Solution { + func copyRandomList(_ head: Node?) -> Node? { + var oldToCopy = [Node?: Node?]() + + func getNode(_ node: Node?) -> Node? { + if node == nil { return nil } + if oldToCopy[node] == nil { + oldToCopy[node] = Node(0) + } + return oldToCopy[node]! + } + + var cur = head + while cur != nil { + getNode(cur)!.val = cur!.val + getNode(cur)!.next = getNode(cur!.next) + getNode(cur)!.random = getNode(cur!.random) + cur = cur!.next + } + + return getNode(head) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1161,12 +1278,67 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a Node. + * public class Node { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: Node? + * public var random: Node? + * public init(_ val: Int) { + * self.val = val + * self.next = nil + * self.random = nil + * } + * } + */ + +class Solution { + func copyRandomList(_ head: Node?) -> Node? { + if head == nil { + return nil + } + + var l1 = head + while l1 != nil { + let l2 = Node(l1!.val) + l2.next = l1?.next + l1?.next = l2 + l1 = l2.next + } + + let newHead = head?.next + l1 = head + while l1 != nil { + if let random = l1?.random { + l1?.next?.random = random.next + } + l1 = l1?.next?.next + } + + l1 = head + while l1 != nil { + let l2 = l1?.next + l1?.next = l2?.next + if l2?.next != nil { + l2?.next = l2?.next?.next + } + l1 = l1?.next + } + + return newHead + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(n)$ -* Space complexity: $O(1)$ +* Space complexity: + * $O(1)$ extra space. + * $O(n)$ for the output. --- @@ -1525,9 +1697,62 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a Node. + * public class Node { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: Node? + * public var random: Node? + * public init(_ val: Int) { + * self.val = val + * self.next = nil + * self.random = nil + * } + * } + */ + +class Solution { + func copyRandomList(_ head: Node?) -> Node? { + if head == nil { + return nil + } + + var l1 = head + while l1 != nil { + let l2 = Node(l1!.val) + l2.next = l1?.random + l1?.random = l2 + l1 = l1?.next + } + + let newHead = head?.random + + l1 = head + while l1 != nil { + let l2 = l1?.random + l2?.random = l2?.next?.random + l1 = l1?.next + } + + l1 = head + while l1 != nil { + let l2 = l1?.random + l1?.random = l2?.next + l2?.next = l1?.next?.random + l1 = l1?.next + } + + return newHead + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(n)$ -* Space complexity: $O(1)$ \ No newline at end of file +* Space complexity: + * $O(1)$ extra space. + * $O(n)$ for the output. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/articles/count-connected-components.md b/articles/count-connected-components.md index 0f0dc28ba..c31580864 100644 --- a/articles/count-connected-components.md +++ b/articles/count-connected-components.md @@ -229,6 +229,41 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func countComponents(_ n: Int, _ edges: [[Int]]) -> Int { + var adj = Array(repeating: [Int](), count: n) + var visit = Array(repeating: false, count: n) + + for edge in edges { + let u = edge[0], v = edge[1] + adj[u].append(v) + adj[v].append(u) + } + + func dfs(_ node: Int) { + for nei in adj[node] { + if !visit[nei] { + visit[nei] = true + dfs(nei) + } + } + } + + var res = 0 + for node in 0.. Int { + var adj = Array(repeating: [Int](), count: n) + var visit = Array(repeating: false, count: n) + for edge in edges { + let u = edge[0], v = edge[1] + adj[u].append(v) + adj[v].append(u) + } + + func bfs(_ node: Int) { + var q = Deque() + q.append(node) + visit[node] = true + while !q.isEmpty { + let cur = q.removeFirst() + for nei in adj[cur] { + if !visit[nei] { + visit[nei] = true + q.append(nei) + } + } + } + } + + var res = 0 + for node in 0.. Int { + var cur = node + while cur != parent[cur] { + parent[cur] = parent[parent[cur]] + cur = parent[cur] + } + return cur + } + + func union(_ u: Int, _ v: Int) -> Bool { + let pu = find(u) + let pv = find(v) + if pu == pv { return false } + var rootU = pu + var rootV = pv + if rank[rootV] > rank[rootU] { + swap(&rootU, &rootV) + } + parent[rootV] = rootU + rank[rootU] += rank[rootV] + return true + } +} + +class Solution { + func countComponents(_ n: Int, _ edges: [[Int]]) -> Int { + let dsu = DSU(n) + var res = n + for edge in edges { + let u = edge[0], v = edge[1] + if dsu.union(u, v) { + res -= 1 + } + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/count-good-nodes-in-binary-tree.md b/articles/count-good-nodes-in-binary-tree.md index 1eda1a860..d9356f32c 100644 --- a/articles/count-good-nodes-in-binary-tree.md +++ b/articles/count-good-nodes-in-binary-tree.md @@ -250,6 +250,39 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func goodNodes(_ root: TreeNode?) -> Int { + func dfs(_ node: TreeNode?, _ maxVal: Int) -> Int { + guard let node = node else { return 0 } + + var res = node.val >= maxVal ? 1 : 0 + let newMaxVal = max(maxVal, node.val) + res += dfs(node.left, newMaxVal) + res += dfs(node.right, newMaxVal) + return res + } + + return dfs(root, root?.val ?? Int.min) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -545,6 +578,51 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func goodNodes(_ root: TreeNode?) -> Int { + guard let root = root else { return 0 } + + var res = 0 + var q = Deque<(TreeNode, Int)>() + q.append((root, Int.min)) + + while !q.isEmpty { + let (node, maxVal) = q.popFirst()! + if node.val >= maxVal { + res += 1 + } + + let newMaxVal = max(maxVal, node.val) + + if let left = node.left { + q.append((left, newMaxVal)) + } + if let right = node.right { + q.append((right, newMaxVal)) + } + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/count-number-of-islands.md b/articles/count-number-of-islands.md index cee406700..042d79082 100644 --- a/articles/count-number-of-islands.md +++ b/articles/count-number-of-islands.md @@ -236,6 +236,40 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func numIslands(_ grid: [[Character]]) -> Int { + let directions = [[1, 0], [-1, 0], [0, 1], [0, -1]] + let ROWS = grid.count + let COLS = grid[0].count + var islands = 0 + var grid = grid + + func dfs(_ r: Int, _ c: Int) { + if r < 0 || c < 0 || r >= ROWS || c >= COLS || grid[r][c] == "0" { + return + } + + grid[r][c] = "0" + for dir in directions { + dfs(r + dir[0], c + dir[1]) + } + } + + for r in 0.. Int { + let directions = [[1, 0], [-1, 0], [0, 1], [0, -1]] + let ROWS = grid.count + let COLS = grid[0].count + var islands = 0 + var grid = grid + + func bfs(_ r: Int, _ c: Int) { + var queue = Deque<(Int, Int)>() + grid[r][c] = "0" + queue.append((r, c)) + + while !queue.isEmpty { + let (row, col) = queue.popFirst()! + for dir in directions { + let nr = row + dir[0] + let nc = col + dir[1] + if nr < 0 || nc < 0 || nr >= ROWS || nc >= COLS || grid[nr][nc] == "0" { + continue + } + queue.append((nr, nc)) + grid[nr][nc] = "0" + } + } + } + + for r in 0.. Int { + if parent[node] != node { + parent[node] = find(parent[node]) + } + return parent[node] + } + + func union(_ u: Int, _ v: Int) -> Bool { + let pu = find(u) + let pv = find(v) + if pu == pv { + return false + } + if size[pu] >= size[pv] { + size[pu] += size[pv] + parent[pv] = pu + } else { + size[pv] += size[pu] + parent[pu] = pv + } + return true + } +} + +class Solution { + func numIslands(_ grid: [[Character]]) -> Int { + let ROWS = grid.count + let COLS = grid[0].count + let dsu = DSU(ROWS * COLS) + + func index(_ r: Int, _ c: Int) -> Int { + return r * COLS + c + } + + let directions = [(1, 0), (-1, 0), (0, 1), (0, -1)] + var islands = 0 + var grid = grid + + for r in 0..= ROWS || nc >= COLS || grid[nr][nc] == "0" { + continue + } + if dsu.union(index(r, c), index(nr, nc)) { + islands -= 1 + } + } + } + } + } + + return islands + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/count-paths.md b/articles/count-paths.md index 61ab8e148..5db166df2 100644 --- a/articles/count-paths.md +++ b/articles/count-paths.md @@ -121,6 +121,24 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func uniquePaths(_ m: Int, _ n: Int) -> Int { + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ j: Int) -> Int { + if i == m - 1 && j == n - 1 { + return 1 + } + if i >= m || j >= n { + return 0 + } + return dfs(i, j + 1) + dfs(i + 1, j) + } + + return dfs(0, 0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -304,6 +322,31 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func uniquePaths(_ m: Int, _ n: Int) -> Int { + var memo = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: -1, count: n), count: m) + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ j: Int) -> Int { + if i == m - 1 && j == n - 1 { + return 1 + } + if i >= m || j >= n { + return 0 + } + if memo[i][j] != -1 { + return memo[i][j] + } + + memo[i][j] = dfs(i, j + 1) + dfs(i + 1, j) + return memo[i][j] + } + + return dfs(0, 0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -442,6 +485,23 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func uniquePaths(_ m: Int, _ n: Int) -> Int { + var dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: 0, count: n + 1), count: m + 1) + dp[m - 1][n - 1] = 1 + + for i in stride(from: m - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + for j in stride(from: n - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + dp[i][j] += dp[i + 1][j] + dp[i][j + 1] + } + } + + return dp[0][0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -585,6 +645,23 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func uniquePaths(_ m: Int, _ n: Int) -> Int { + var row = Array(repeating: 1, count: n) + + for _ in 0..<(m - 1) { + var newRow = Array(repeating: 1, count: n) + for j in stride(from: n - 2, through: 0, by: -1) { + newRow[j] = newRow[j + 1] + row[j] + } + row = newRow + } + return row[0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -716,6 +793,22 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func uniquePaths(_ m: Int, _ n: Int) -> Int { + var dp = Array(repeating: 1, count: n) + + for _ in stride(from: m - 2, through: 0, by: -1) { + for j in stride(from: n - 2, through: 0, by: -1) { + dp[j] += dp[j + 1] + } + } + + return dp[0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -896,6 +989,30 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func uniquePaths(_ m: Int, _ n: Int) -> Int { + if m == 1 || n == 1 { + return 1 + } + var m = m, n = n + if m < n { + swap(&m, &n) + } + + var res = 1 + var j = 1 + for i in m..<(m + n - 1) { + res *= i + res /= j + j += 1 + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/count-squares.md b/articles/count-squares.md index 6b27ebb50..1b5defe8c 100644 --- a/articles/count-squares.md +++ b/articles/count-squares.md @@ -240,6 +240,40 @@ class CountSquares() { } ``` +```swift +class CountSquares { + private var ptsCount: [String: Int] + private var pts: [[Int]] + + init() { + self.ptsCount = [:] + self.pts = [] + } + + func add(_ point: [Int]) { + let key = "\(point[0]),\(point[1])" + ptsCount[key, default: 0] += 1 + pts.append(point) + } + + func count(_ point: [Int]) -> Int { + var res = 0 + let px = point[0], py = point[1] + + for pt in pts { + let x = pt[0], y = pt[1] + if abs(py - y) != abs(px - x) || x == px || y == py { + continue + } + let key1 = "\(x),\(py)" + let key2 = "\(px),\(y)" + res += (ptsCount[key1] ?? 0) * (ptsCount[key2] ?? 0) + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -320,10 +354,9 @@ public class CountSquares { ```cpp class CountSquares { unordered_map> ptsCount; + public: - CountSquares() { - - } + CountSquares() {} void add(vector point) { ptsCount[point[0]][point[1]]++; @@ -531,6 +564,40 @@ class CountSquares { } ``` +```swift +class CountSquares { + var ptsCount: [Int: [Int: Int]] + + init() { + ptsCount = [:] + } + + func add(_ point: [Int]) { + let x = point[0] + let y = point[1] + ptsCount[x, default: [:]][y, default: 0] += 1 + } + + func count(_ point: [Int]) -> Int { + var res = 0 + let x1 = point[0] + let y1 = point[1] + + if let yMap = ptsCount[x1] { + for (y2, countXY2) in yMap { + let side = y2 - y1 + if side == 0 { continue } + let x3 = x1 + side + let x4 = x1 - side + res += countXY2 * (ptsCount[x3]?[y1] ?? 0) * (ptsCount[x3]?[y2] ?? 0) + res += countXY2 * (ptsCount[x4]?[y1] ?? 0) * (ptsCount[x4]?[y2] ?? 0) + } + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/count-subsequences.md b/articles/count-subsequences.md index 04fd77389..241876a84 100644 --- a/articles/count-subsequences.md +++ b/articles/count-subsequences.md @@ -181,6 +181,29 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func numDistinct(_ s: String, _ t: String) -> Int { + let sArray = Array(s), tArray = Array(t) + let sLen = sArray.count, tLen = tArray.count + if tLen > sLen { return 0 } + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ j: Int) -> Int { + if j == tLen { return 1 } + if i == sLen { return 0 } + + var res = dfs(i + 1, j) + if sArray[i] == tArray[j] { + res += dfs(i + 1, j + 1) + } + return res + } + + return dfs(0, 0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -188,6 +211,8 @@ class Solution { * Time complexity: $O(2 ^ m)$ * Space complexity: $O(m)$ +> Where $m$ is the length of the string $s$. + --- ## 2. Dynamic Programming (Top-Down) @@ -396,6 +421,33 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func numDistinct(_ s: String, _ t: String) -> Int { + let sArray = Array(s), tArray = Array(t) + let sLen = sArray.count, tLen = tArray.count + if tLen > sLen { return 0 } + + var dp = [[Int]: Int]() + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ j: Int) -> Int { + if j == tLen { return 1 } + if i == sLen { return 0 } + if let val = dp[[i, j]] { return val } + + var res = dfs(i + 1, j) + if sArray[i] == tArray[j] { + res += dfs(i + 1, j + 1) + } + dp[[i, j]] = res + return res + } + + return dfs(0, 0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -458,7 +510,7 @@ class Solution { public: int numDistinct(string s, string t) { int m = s.length(), n = t.length(); - vector> dp(m + 1, vector(n + 1, 0)); + vector> dp(m + 1, vector(n + 1, 0)); for (int i = 0; i <= m; i++) { dp[i][n] = 1; @@ -582,6 +634,42 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func numDistinct(_ s: String, _ t: String) -> Int { + let m = s.count, n = t.count + var dp = Array( + repeating: Array(repeating: 0, count: n + 1), + count: m + 1 + ) + + let sArray = Array(s) + let tArray = Array(t) + + for i in 0...m { + dp[i][n] = 1 + } + + for i in stride(from: m - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + for j in stride(from: n - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + let base = dp[i + 1][j] + dp[i][j] = base + if sArray[i] == tArray[j] { + let addend = dp[i + 1][j + 1] + if base > Int.max - addend { + dp[i][j] = 0 + } else { + dp[i][j] += addend + } + } + } + } + + return dp[0][0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -643,8 +731,8 @@ class Solution { public: int numDistinct(string s, string t) { int m = s.size(), n = t.size(); - vector dp(n + 1, 0); - vector nextDp(n + 1, 0); + vector dp(n + 1, 0); + vector nextDp(n + 1, 0); dp[n] = nextDp[n] = 1; for (int i = m - 1; i >= 0; i--) { @@ -762,6 +850,38 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func numDistinct(_ s: String, _ t: String) -> Int { + let m = s.count, n = t.count + var dp = [Int](repeating: 0, count: n + 1) + var nextDp = [Int](repeating: 0, count: n + 1) + dp[n] = 1 + nextDp[n] = 1 + + let sArr = Array(s) + let tArr = Array(t) + + for i in stride(from: m - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + for j in stride(from: n - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + nextDp[j] = dp[j] + if sArr[i] == tArr[j] { + let addend = dp[j + 1] + if nextDp[j] > Int.max - addend { + nextDp[j] = 0 + } else { + nextDp[j] += addend + } + } + } + dp = nextDp + } + + return dp[0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -827,13 +947,13 @@ class Solution { public: int numDistinct(string s, string t) { int m = s.size(), n = t.size(); - vector dp(n + 1, 0); + vector dp(n + 1, 0); dp[n] = 1; for (int i = m - 1; i >= 0; i--) { int prev = 1; for (int j = n - 1; j >= 0; j--) { - int res = dp[j]; + uint res = dp[j]; if (s[i] == t[j]) { res += prev; } @@ -950,6 +1070,37 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func numDistinct(_ s: String, _ t: String) -> Int { + let m = s.count, n = t.count + var dp = [Int](repeating: 0, count: n + 1) + dp[n] = 1 + let sArr = Array(s) + let tArr = Array(t) + + for i in stride(from: m - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + var prev = 1 + for j in stride(from: n - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + let base = dp[j] + var res = base + if sArr[i] == tArr[j] { + if base > Int.max - prev { + res = 0 + } else { + res += prev + } + } + prev = dp[j] + dp[j] = res + } + } + + return dp[0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/counting-bits.md b/articles/counting-bits.md index ac8139aba..66b5db885 100644 --- a/articles/counting-bits.md +++ b/articles/counting-bits.md @@ -120,6 +120,24 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func countBits(_ n: Int) -> [Int] { + var res = [Int]() + for num in 0...n { + var one = 0 + for i in 0..<32 { + if num & (1 << i) != 0 { + one += 1 + } + } + res.append(one) + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -246,6 +264,22 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func countBits(_ n: Int) -> [Int] { + var res = [Int](repeating: 0, count: n + 1) + for i in 1..<(n + 1) { + var num = i + while num != 0 { + res[i] += 1 + num &= (num - 1) + } + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -338,6 +372,18 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func countBits(_ n: Int) -> [Int] { + var res = [Int](repeating: 0, count: n + 1) + for num in 1..<(n + 1) { + res[num] = num.nonzeroBitCount + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -471,6 +517,23 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func countBits(_ n: Int) -> [Int] { + var dp = [Int](repeating: 0, count: n + 1) + var offset = 1 + + for i in 1..<(n + 1) { + if offset * 2 == i { + offset = i + } + dp[i] = 1 + dp[i - offset] + } + return dp + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -570,6 +633,18 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func countBits(_ n: Int) -> [Int] { + var dp = [Int](repeating: 0, count: n + 1) + for i in 0..<(n + 1) { + dp[i] = dp[i >> 1] + (i & 1) + } + return dp + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/course-schedule-ii.md b/articles/course-schedule-ii.md index 7980e9e5e..6a3e85924 100644 --- a/articles/course-schedule-ii.md +++ b/articles/course-schedule-ii.md @@ -329,6 +329,51 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findOrder(_ numCourses: Int, _ prerequisites: [[Int]]) -> [Int] { + var prereq = [Int: [Int]]() + for c in 0..() + var cycle = Set() + + func dfs(_ crs: Int) -> Bool { + if cycle.contains(crs) { + return false + } + if visit.contains(crs) { + return true + } + + cycle.insert(crs) + for pre in prereq[crs]! { + if !dfs(pre) { + return false + } + } + cycle.remove(crs) + visit.insert(crs) + output.append(crs) + return true + } + + for c in 0.. [Int] { + var indegree = Array(repeating: 0, count: numCourses) + var adj = Array(repeating: [Int](), count: numCourses) + + for pair in prerequisites { + let src = pair[0] + let dst = pair[1] + indegree[dst] += 1 + adj[src].append(dst) + } + + var queue = Deque() + for n in 0.. [Int] { + var adj = Array(repeating: [Int](), count: numCourses) + var indegree = Array(repeating: 0, count: numCourses) + + for pair in prerequisites { + let nxt = pair[0] + let pre = pair[1] + indegree[nxt] += 1 + adj[pre].append(nxt) + } + + var output = [Int]() + + func dfs(_ node: Int) { + output.append(node) + indegree[node] -= 1 + for nei in adj[node] { + indegree[nei] -= 1 + if indegree[nei] == 0 { + dfs(nei) + } + } + } + + for i in 0.. Bool { + // Map each course to its prerequisites + var preMap = [Int: [Int]]() + for i in 0..() + + func dfs(_ crs: Int) -> Bool { + if visiting.contains(crs) { + // Cycle detected + return false + } + if preMap[crs]!.isEmpty { + return true + } + + visiting.insert(crs) + for pre in preMap[crs]! { + if !dfs(pre) { + return false + } + } + visiting.remove(crs) + preMap[crs] = [] + return true + } + + for c in 0.. Bool { + var indegree = Array(repeating: 0, count: numCourses) + var adj = Array(repeating: [Int](), count: numCourses) + + for pair in prerequisites { + let src = pair[0] + let dst = pair[1] + indegree[dst] += 1 + adj[src].append(dst) + } + + var queue = Deque() + for n in 0.. [Int] { + let n = temperatures.count + var res = [Int]() + + for i in 0.. temperatures[i] { + break + } + j += 1 + count += 1 + } + count = (j == n) ? 0 : count + res.append(count) + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(n ^ 2)$ -* Space complexity: $O(1)$ +* Space complexity: + * $O(1)$ extra space. + * $O(n)$ space for the output array. --- @@ -323,6 +349,24 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func dailyTemperatures(_ temperatures: [Int]) -> [Int] { + var res = [Int](repeating: 0, count: temperatures.count) + var stack = [(Int, Int)]() // Pair: (temperature, index) + + for (i, t) in temperatures.enumerated() { + while !stack.isEmpty && t > stack.last!.0 { + let (stackT, stackInd) = stack.removeLast() + res[stackInd] = i - stackInd + } + stack.append((t, i)) + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -508,9 +552,36 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func dailyTemperatures(_ temperatures: [Int]) -> [Int] { + let n = temperatures.count + var res = [Int](repeating: 0, count: n) + + for i in stride(from: n - 2, through: 0, by: -1) { + var j = i + 1 + while j < n && temperatures[j] <= temperatures[i] { + if res[j] == 0 { + j = n + break + } + j += res[j] + } + + if j < n { + res[i] = j - i + } + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(n)$ -* Space complexity: $O(1)$ \ No newline at end of file +* Space complexity: + * $O(1)$ extra space. + * $O(n)$ space for the output array. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/articles/decode-ways.md b/articles/decode-ways.md index bfda19321..c735d1d3f 100644 --- a/articles/decode-ways.md +++ b/articles/decode-ways.md @@ -163,6 +163,34 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func numDecodings(_ s: String) -> Int { + let chars = Array(s) + + func dfs(_ i: Int) -> Int { + if i == chars.count { + return 1 + } + if chars[i] == "0" { + return 0 + } + + var res = dfs(i + 1) + if i < chars.count - 1 { + if chars[i] == "1" || (chars[i] == "2" && chars[i + 1] < "7") { + res += dfs(i + 2) + } + } + + return res + } + + return dfs(0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -375,6 +403,35 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func numDecodings(_ s: String) -> Int { + let chars = Array(s) + var dp = [Int: Int]() + dp[chars.count] = 1 + + func dfs(_ i: Int) -> Int { + if let cached = dp[i] { + return cached + } + if chars[i] == "0" { + return 0 + } + + var res = dfs(i + 1) + if i + 1 < chars.count, + chars[i] == "1" || (chars[i] == "2" && "0123456".contains(chars[i + 1])) { + res += dfs(i + 2) + } + dp[i] = res + return res + } + + return dfs(0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -533,6 +590,30 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func numDecodings(_ s: String) -> Int { + let chars = Array(s) + var dp = [Int: Int]() + dp[chars.count] = 1 + + for i in stride(from: chars.count - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + if chars[i] == "0" { + dp[i] = 0 + } else { + dp[i] = dp[i + 1] ?? 0 + } + + if i + 1 < chars.count, + chars[i] == "1" || (chars[i] == "2" && "0123456".contains(chars[i + 1])) { + dp[i]! += dp[i + 2] ?? 0 + } + } + return dp[0] ?? 0 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -711,6 +792,30 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func numDecodings(_ s: String) -> Int { + let chars = Array(s) + var dp = 0, dp1 = 1, dp2 = 0 + + for i in stride(from: chars.count - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + if chars[i] == "0" { + dp = 0 + } else { + dp = dp1 + } + + if i + 1 < chars.count, + chars[i] == "1" || (chars[i] == "2" && "0123456".contains(chars[i + 1])) { + dp += dp2 + } + (dp, dp1, dp2) = (0, dp, dp1) + } + return dp1 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/depth-of-binary-tree.md b/articles/depth-of-binary-tree.md index efd76b64d..88a35751d 100644 --- a/articles/depth-of-binary-tree.md +++ b/articles/depth-of-binary-tree.md @@ -171,6 +171,30 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func maxDepth(_ root: TreeNode?) -> Int { + guard let root = root else { return 0 } + return 1 + max(maxDepth(root.left), maxDepth(root.right)) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -440,6 +464,41 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func maxDepth(_ root: TreeNode?) -> Int { + var stack: [(TreeNode?, Int)] = [(root, 1)] + var res = 0 + + while !stack.isEmpty { + let (node, depth) = stack.removeLast() + + if let node = node { + res = max(res, depth) + stack.append((node.left, depth + 1)) + stack.append((node.right, depth + 1)) + } + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -723,6 +782,47 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func maxDepth(_ root: TreeNode?) -> Int { + var queue = Deque() + if let root = root { + queue.append(root) + } + + var level = 0 + while !queue.isEmpty { + for _ in 0..] + private var tweetMap: [Int: [(Int, Int)]] + + init() { + self.time = 0 + self.followMap = [:] + self.tweetMap = [:] + } + + func postTweet(_ userId: Int, _ tweetId: Int) { + if tweetMap[userId] == nil { + tweetMap[userId] = [] + } + tweetMap[userId]!.append((time, tweetId)) + time += 1 + } + + func getNewsFeed(_ userId: Int) -> [Int] { + var feed = tweetMap[userId] ?? [] + if let followees = followMap[userId] { + for followeeId in followees { + if let tweets = tweetMap[followeeId] { + feed.append(contentsOf: tweets) + } + } + } + feed.sort { $0.0 > $1.0 } + return feed.prefix(10).map { $0.1 } + } + + func follow(_ followerId: Int, _ followeeId: Int) { + if followerId != followeeId { + followMap[followerId, default: Set()].insert(followeeId) + } + } + + func unfollow(_ followerId: Int, _ followeeId: Int) { + followMap[followerId]?.remove(followeeId) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -769,6 +814,84 @@ class Twitter { } ``` +```swift +class Twitter { + private var count: Int + private var tweetMap: [Int: [(Int, Int)]] // userId -> list of (count, tweetId) + private var followMap: [Int: Set] // userId -> set of followeeId + + init() { + self.count = 0 + self.tweetMap = [:] + self.followMap = [:] + } + + func postTweet(_ userId: Int, _ tweetId: Int) { + tweetMap[userId, default: []].append((count, tweetId)) + count -= 1 + } + + func getNewsFeed(_ userId: Int) -> [Int] { + var res = [Int]() + var minHeap = Heap() + + followMap[userId, default: Set()].insert(userId) + if let followees = followMap[userId] { + for followee in followees { + if let tweets = tweetMap[followee], !tweets.isEmpty { + let index = tweets.count - 1 + let (cnt, tweetId) = tweets[index] + minHeap.insert( + Item( + count: cnt, tweetId: tweetId, + followeeId: followee, index: index - 1 + ) + ) + } + } + } + + while !minHeap.isEmpty && res.count < 10 { + let entry = minHeap.popMin()! + res.append(entry.tweetId) + if entry.index >= 0, let tweets = tweetMap[entry.followeeId] { + let (cnt, tweetId) = tweets[entry.index] + minHeap.insert( + Item( + count: cnt, tweetId: tweetId, + followeeId: entry.followeeId, index: entry.index - 1 + ) + ) + } + } + return res + } + + func follow(_ followerId: Int, _ followeeId: Int) { + followMap[followerId, default: Set()].insert(followeeId) + } + + func unfollow(_ followerId: Int, _ followeeId: Int) { + followMap[followerId]?.remove(followeeId) + } +} + +struct Item: Comparable { + let count: Int + let tweetId: Int + let followeeId: Int + let index: Int + + static func < (lhs: Item, rhs: Item) -> Bool { + return lhs.count < rhs.count + } + + static func == (lhs: Item, rhs: Item) -> Bool { + return lhs.count == rhs.count + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1425,6 +1548,112 @@ class Twitter { } ``` +```swift +struct Item: Comparable { + let count: Int + let tweetId: Int + let followeeId: Int + let index: Int + + static func < (lhs: Item, rhs: Item) -> Bool { + return lhs.count < rhs.count + } + + static func == (lhs: Item, rhs: Item) -> Bool { + return lhs.count == rhs.count && + lhs.tweetId == rhs.tweetId && + lhs.followeeId == rhs.followeeId && + lhs.index == rhs.index + } +} + +class Twitter { + private var count: Int + private var tweetMap: [Int: [(Int, Int)]] // userId -> list of (count, tweetId) + private var followMap: [Int: Set] // userId -> set of followeeId + + init() { + self.count = 0 + self.tweetMap = [:] + self.followMap = [:] + } + + func postTweet(_ userId: Int, _ tweetId: Int) { + tweetMap[userId, default: []].append((count, tweetId)) + if tweetMap[userId]!.count > 10 { + tweetMap[userId]!.removeFirst() + } + count -= 1 + } + + func getNewsFeed(_ userId: Int) -> [Int] { + var res = [Int]() + var minHeap = Heap() + followMap[userId, default: Set()].insert(userId) + + if followMap[userId]!.count >= 10 { + var maxHeap = Heap() + for followeeId in followMap[userId]! { + if let tweets = tweetMap[followeeId], !tweets.isEmpty { + let index = tweets.count - 1 + let (cnt, tweetId) = tweets[index] + maxHeap.insert( + Item( + count: cnt, tweetId: tweetId, + followeeId: followeeId, index: index - 1 + ) + ) + if maxHeap.count > 10 { + maxHeap.removeMax() + } + } + } + while !maxHeap.isEmpty { + let item = maxHeap.popMax()! + minHeap.insert(item) + } + } else { + for followeeId in followMap[userId]! { + if let tweets = tweetMap[followeeId], !tweets.isEmpty { + let index = tweets.count - 1 + let (cnt, tweetId) = tweets[index] + minHeap.insert( + Item( + count: cnt, tweetId: tweetId, + followeeId: followeeId, index: index - 1 + ) + ) + } + } + } + + while !minHeap.isEmpty && res.count < 10 { + let item = minHeap.popMin()! + res.append(item.tweetId) + if item.index >= 0, let tweets = tweetMap[item.followeeId] { + let (cnt, tweetId) = tweets[item.index] + minHeap.insert( + Item( + count: cnt, tweetId: tweetId, + followeeId: item.followeeId, index: item.index - 1 + ) + ) + } + } + + return res + } + + func follow(_ followerId: Int, _ followeeId: Int) { + followMap[followerId, default: Set()].insert(followeeId) + } + + func unfollow(_ followerId: Int, _ followeeId: Int) { + followMap[followerId]?.remove(followeeId) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/design-word-search-data-structure.md b/articles/design-word-search-data-structure.md index 501e42785..033096234 100644 --- a/articles/design-word-search-data-structure.md +++ b/articles/design-word-search-data-structure.md @@ -222,6 +222,42 @@ class WordDictionary { } ``` +```swift +class WordDictionary { + private var store: [String] + + init() { + self.store = [] + } + + func addWord(_ word: String) { + store.append(word) + } + + func search(_ word: String) -> Bool { + for w in store { + if w.count != word.count { + continue + } + var i = 0 + let wArray = Array(w) + let wordArray = Array(word) + while i < wArray.count { + if wArray[i] == wordArray[i] || wordArray[i] == "." { + i += 1 + } else { + break + } + } + if i == wArray.count { + return true + } + } + return false + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -627,6 +663,64 @@ class WordDictionary { } ``` +```swift +class TrieNode { + var children: [Character: TrieNode] + var word: Bool + + init() { + self.children = [:] + self.word = false + } +} + +class WordDictionary { + private let root: TrieNode + + init() { + self.root = TrieNode() + } + + func addWord(_ word: String) { + var cur = root + for c in word { + if cur.children[c] == nil { + cur.children[c] = TrieNode() + } + cur = cur.children[c]! + } + cur.word = true + } + + func search(_ word: String) -> Bool { + func dfs(_ j: Int, _ root: TrieNode) -> Bool { + var cur = root + let wordArray = Array(word) + + for i in j.. Bool { + for i in 0.. Bool { + var nums = nums.sorted() + for i in 1.. Bool { + var seen = Set() + for num in nums { + if seen.contains(num) { + return true + } + seen.insert(num) + } + return false + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -406,6 +450,14 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func hasDuplicate(_ nums: [Int]) -> Bool { + return Set(nums).count < nums.count + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/eating-bananas.md b/articles/eating-bananas.md index bf00f6c04..4acd82fb0 100644 --- a/articles/eating-bananas.md +++ b/articles/eating-bananas.md @@ -137,6 +137,27 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func minEatingSpeed(_ piles: [Int], _ h: Int) -> Int { + var speed = 1 + + while true { + var totalTime = 0 + for pile in piles { + totalTime += Int(ceil(Double(pile) / Double(speed))) + } + + if totalTime <= h { + return speed + } + speed += 1 + } + return speed + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -338,6 +359,32 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func minEatingSpeed(_ piles: [Int], _ h: Int) -> Int { + var l = 1, r = piles.max()! + var res = r + + while l <= r { + let k = (l + r) / 2 + + var totalTime = 0 + for p in piles { + totalTime += Int(ceil(Double(p) / Double(k))) + } + + if totalTime <= h { + res = k + r = k - 1 + } else { + l = k + 1 + } + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/edit-distance.md b/articles/edit-distance.md index a116df5c7..7c4b6bfeb 100644 --- a/articles/edit-distance.md +++ b/articles/edit-distance.md @@ -169,6 +169,27 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func minDistance(_ word1: String, _ word2: String) -> Int { + let m = word1.count, n = word2.count + let word1Array = Array(word1), word2Array = Array(word2) + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ j: Int) -> Int { + if i == m { return n - j } + if j == n { return m - i } + if word1Array[i] == word2Array[j] { + return dfs(i + 1, j + 1) + } + let res = min(dfs(i + 1, j), dfs(i, j + 1)) + return min(res, dfs(i + 1, j + 1)) + 1 + } + + return dfs(0, 0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -403,6 +424,32 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func minDistance(_ word1: String, _ word2: String) -> Int { + let m = word1.count, n = word2.count + let word1Array = Array(word1), word2Array = Array(word2) + var dp = [[Int?]](repeating: [Int?](repeating: nil, count: n + 1), count: m + 1) + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ j: Int) -> Int { + if i == m { return n - j } + if j == n { return m - i } + if let val = dp[i][j] { return val } + + if word1Array[i] == word2Array[j] { + dp[i][j] = dfs(i + 1, j + 1) + } else { + let res = min(dfs(i + 1, j), dfs(i, j + 1), dfs(i + 1, j + 1)) + 1 + dp[i][j] = res + } + return dp[i][j]! + } + + return dfs(0, 0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -624,6 +671,34 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func minDistance(_ word1: String, _ word2: String) -> Int { + let m = word1.count, n = word2.count + let word1Array = Array(word1), word2Array = Array(word2) + var dp = [[Int]](repeating: [Int](repeating: Int.max, count: n + 1), count: m + 1) + + for j in 0...n { + dp[m][j] = n - j + } + for i in 0...m { + dp[i][n] = m - i + } + + for i in stride(from: m - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + for j in stride(from: n - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + if word1Array[i] == word2Array[j] { + dp[i][j] = dp[i + 1][j + 1] + } else { + dp[i][j] = 1 + min(dp[i + 1][j], dp[i][j + 1], dp[i + 1][j + 1]) + } + } + } + return dp[0][0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -890,6 +965,41 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func minDistance(_ word1: String, _ word2: String) -> Int { + var m = word1.count, n = word2.count + var word1Array = Array(word1), word2Array = Array(word2) + + if m < n { + swap(&m, &n) + swap(&word1Array, &word2Array) + } + + var dp = [Int](repeating: 0, count: n + 1) + var nextDp = [Int](repeating: 0, count: n + 1) + + for j in 0...n { + dp[j] = n - j + } + + for i in stride(from: m - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + nextDp[n] = m - i + for j in stride(from: n - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + if word1Array[i] == word2Array[j] { + nextDp[j] = dp[j + 1] + } else { + nextDp[j] = 1 + min(dp[j], nextDp[j + 1], dp[j + 1]) + } + } + dp = nextDp + } + + return dp[0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1134,6 +1244,37 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func minDistance(_ word1: String, _ word2: String) -> Int { + var m = word1.count, n = word2.count + var word1Array = Array(word1), word2Array = Array(word2) + + if m < n { + swap(&m, &n) + swap(&word1Array, &word2Array) + } + + var dp = (0...n).map { n - $0 } + + for i in stride(from: m - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + var nextDp = dp[n] + dp[n] = m - i + for j in stride(from: n - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + let temp = dp[j] + if word1Array[i] == word2Array[j] { + dp[j] = nextDp + } else { + dp[j] = 1 + min(dp[j], dp[j + 1], nextDp) + } + nextDp = temp + } + } + return dp[0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/evaluate-reverse-polish-notation.md b/articles/evaluate-reverse-polish-notation.md index 9c3520b02..3ad96eff8 100644 --- a/articles/evaluate-reverse-polish-notation.md +++ b/articles/evaluate-reverse-polish-notation.md @@ -216,6 +216,39 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func evalRPN(_ tokens: [String]) -> Int { + var tokens = tokens + + while tokens.count > 1 { + for i in 0.. Int { + var head: DoublyLinkedList? = DoublyLinkedList(val: tokens[0]) + var curr = head + + for i in 1.. Int { + var tokens = tokens + + func dfs() -> Int { + let token = tokens.removeLast() + if let num = Int(token) { + return num + } + + let right = dfs() + let left = dfs() + + switch token { + case "+": return left + right + case "-": return left - right + case "*": return left * right + case "/": return left / right + default: return 0 + } + } + + return dfs() + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1042,6 +1161,34 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func evalRPN(_ tokens: [String]) -> Int { + var stack = [Int]() + + for c in tokens { + switch c { + case "+": + stack.append(stack.removeLast() + stack.removeLast()) + case "-": + let a = stack.removeLast() + let b = stack.removeLast() + stack.append(b - a) + case "*": + stack.append(stack.removeLast() * stack.removeLast()) + case "/": + let a = stack.removeLast() + let b = stack.removeLast() + stack.append(b / a) + default: + stack.append(Int(c)!) + } + } + return stack[0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/find-duplicate-integer.md b/articles/find-duplicate-integer.md index 46542d9b6..ef3317436 100644 --- a/articles/find-duplicate-integer.md +++ b/articles/find-duplicate-integer.md @@ -99,6 +99,20 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findDuplicate(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + var nums = nums.sorted() + for i in 0.. Int { + var seen = Set() + for num in nums { + if seen.contains(num) { + return num + } + seen.insert(num) + } + return -1 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -333,6 +362,21 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findDuplicate(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + var seen = [Int](repeating: 0, count: nums.count) + for num in nums { + if seen[num - 1] == 1 { + return num + } + seen[num - 1] = 1 + } + return -1 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -457,6 +501,22 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findDuplicate(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + var nums = nums + for num in nums { + let idx = abs(num) - 1 + if nums[idx] < 0 { + return abs(num) + } + nums[idx] *= -1 + } + return -1 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -656,6 +716,27 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findDuplicate(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + let n = nums.count + var low = 1, high = n - 1 + + while low < high { + let mid = low + (high - low) / 2 + let lessOrEqual = nums.filter { $0 <= mid }.count + + if lessOrEqual <= mid { + low = mid + 1 + } else { + high = mid + } + } + return low + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -866,6 +947,37 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findDuplicate(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + let n = nums.count + var res = 0 + + for b in 0..<32 { + var x = 0, y = 0 + let mask = 1 << b + + for num in nums { + if num & mask != 0 { + x += 1 + } + } + + for num in 1.. y { + res |= mask + } + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1052,6 +1164,31 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findDuplicate(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + var slow = 0, fast = 0 + + while true { + slow = nums[slow] + fast = nums[nums[fast]] + if slow == fast { + break + } + } + + var slow2 = 0 + while true { + slow = nums[slow] + slow2 = nums[slow2] + if slow == slow2 { + return slow + } + } + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/find-median-in-a-data-stream.md b/articles/find-median-in-a-data-stream.md index ab246b370..ad27aa749 100644 --- a/articles/find-median-in-a-data-stream.md +++ b/articles/find-median-in-a-data-stream.md @@ -162,6 +162,30 @@ class MedianFinder() { } ``` +```swift +class MedianFinder { + private var data: [Int] + + init() { + self.data = [] + } + + func addNum(_ num: Int) { + data.append(num) + } + + func findMedian() -> Double { + data.sort() + let n = data.count + if n % 2 == 1 { + return Double(data[n / 2]) + } else { + return (Double(data[n / 2]) + Double(data[n / 2 - 1])) / 2.0 + } + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -447,6 +471,47 @@ class MedianFinder() { } ``` +```swift +class MedianFinder { + // two heaps, large, small, minheap, maxheap + // heaps should be equal size + private var small: Heap + private var large: Heap + + init() { + self.small = Heap() + self.large = Heap() + } + + func addNum(_ num: Int) { + if let top = large.min, num > top { + large.insert(num) + } else { + small.insert(num) + } + if small.count > large.count + 1 { + if let val = small.popMax() { + large.insert(val) + } + } + if large.count > small.count + 1 { + if let val = large.popMin() { + small.insert(val) + } + } + } + + func findMedian() -> Double { + if small.count > large.count { + return Double(small.max!) + } else if large.count > small.count { + return Double(large.min!) + } + return (Double(small.max!) + Double(large.min!)) / 2.0 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/find-minimum-in-rotated-sorted-array.md b/articles/find-minimum-in-rotated-sorted-array.md index 3c4c59be9..9443959d2 100644 --- a/articles/find-minimum-in-rotated-sorted-array.md +++ b/articles/find-minimum-in-rotated-sorted-array.md @@ -65,6 +65,14 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findMin(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + return nums.min()! + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -261,6 +269,32 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findMin(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + var res = nums[0] + var l = 0, r = nums.count - 1 + + while l <= r { + if nums[l] < nums[r] { + res = min(res, nums[l]) + break + } + + let m = (l + r) / 2 + res = min(res, nums[m]) + + if nums[m] >= nums[l] { + l = m + 1 + } else { + r = m - 1 + } + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -396,6 +430,23 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findMin(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + var l = 0, r = nums.count - 1 + while l < r { + let m = l + (r - l) / 2 + if nums[m] < nums[r] { + r = m + } else { + l = m + 1 + } + } + return nums[l] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/find-target-in-rotated-sorted-array.md b/articles/find-target-in-rotated-sorted-array.md index 2e6dd37e5..b406838bb 100644 --- a/articles/find-target-in-rotated-sorted-array.md +++ b/articles/find-target-in-rotated-sorted-array.md @@ -93,6 +93,19 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func search(_ nums: [Int], _ target: Int) -> Int { + for i in 0.. Int { + var l = 0, r = nums.count - 1 + + while l < r { + let m = (l + r) / 2 + if nums[m] > nums[r] { + l = m + 1 + } else { + r = m + } + } + + let pivot = l + + func binarySearch(_ left: Int, _ right: Int) -> Int { + var l = left, r = right + while l <= r { + let mid = (l + r) / 2 + if nums[mid] == target { + return mid + } else if nums[mid] < target { + l = mid + 1 + } else { + r = mid - 1 + } + } + return -1 + } + + let result = binarySearch(0, pivot - 1) + if result != -1 { + return result + } + + return binarySearch(pivot, nums.count - 1) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -681,6 +735,46 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func search(_ nums: [Int], _ target: Int) -> Int { + var l = 0, r = nums.count - 1 + + while l < r { + let m = (l + r) / 2 + if nums[m] > nums[r] { + l = m + 1 + } else { + r = m + } + } + + let pivot = l + l = 0 + r = nums.count - 1 + + if target >= nums[pivot] && target <= nums[r] { + l = pivot + } else { + r = pivot - 1 + } + + while l <= r { + let m = (l + r) / 2 + if nums[m] == target { + return m + } else if nums[m] < target { + l = m + 1 + } else { + r = m - 1 + } + } + + return -1 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -908,6 +1002,36 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func search(_ nums: [Int], _ target: Int) -> Int { + var l = 0, r = nums.count - 1 + + while l <= r { + let mid = (l + r) / 2 + if target == nums[mid] { + return mid + } + + if nums[l] <= nums[mid] { + if target > nums[mid] || target < nums[l] { + l = mid + 1 + } else { + r = mid - 1 + } + } else { + if target < nums[mid] || target > nums[r] { + r = mid - 1 + } else { + l = mid + 1 + } + } + } + return -1 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/foreign-dictionary.md b/articles/foreign-dictionary.md index f1353b74a..1bb32e486 100644 --- a/articles/foreign-dictionary.md +++ b/articles/foreign-dictionary.md @@ -405,6 +405,65 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func foreignDictionary(_ words: [String]) -> String { + var adj = [Character: Set]() + for word in words { + for char in word { + if adj[char] == nil { + adj[char] = Set() + } + } + } + + for i in 0.. w2.count && String(w1.prefix(minLen)) == String(w2.prefix(minLen)) { + return "" + } + for j in 0.. Bool { + if let flag = visited[char] { + return flag + } + visited[char] = true + for neigh in adj[char]! { + if dfs(neigh) { + return true + } + } + visited[char] = false + res.append(char) + return false + } + + for char in adj.keys { + if dfs(char) { + return "" + } + } + + res.reverse() + return String(res) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -823,6 +882,69 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func foreignDictionary(_ words: [String]) -> String { + var adj = [Character: Set]() + for word in words { + for char in word { + adj[char] = Set() + } + } + + var indegree = [Character: Int]() + for key in adj.keys { + indegree[key] = 0 + } + + for i in 0.. w2.count && String(w1.prefix(minLen)) == String(w2.prefix(minLen)) { + return "" + } + let w1Arr = Array(w1) + let w2Arr = Array(w2) + for j in 0..() + for (c, deg) in indegree { + if deg == 0 { + q.append(c) + } + } + + var res = [Character]() + while !q.isEmpty { + let char = q.removeFirst() + res.append(char) + for neighbor in adj[char]! { + indegree[neighbor]! -= 1 + if indegree[neighbor]! == 0 { + q.append(neighbor) + } + } + } + + if res.count != indegree.count { + return "" + } + + return String(res) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/gas-station.md b/articles/gas-station.md index cedbf31c2..9e779b1d8 100644 --- a/articles/gas-station.md +++ b/articles/gas-station.md @@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ class Solution: tank = gas[i] - cost[i] if tank < 0: continue + j = (i + 1) % n while j != i: tank += gas[j] @@ -19,6 +20,7 @@ class Solution: break j += 1 j %= n + if j == i: return i return -1 @@ -32,12 +34,14 @@ public class Solution { for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { int tank = gas[i] - cost[i]; if (tank < 0) continue; + int j = (i + 1) % n; while (j != i) { tank += gas[j] - cost[j]; if (tank < 0) break; j = (j + 1) % n; } + if (j == i) return i; } return -1; @@ -54,12 +58,14 @@ public: for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { int tank = gas[i] - cost[i]; if (tank < 0) continue; + int j = (i + 1) % n; while (j != i) { tank += gas[j] - cost[j]; if (tank < 0) break; j = (j + 1) % n; } + if (j == i) return i; } return -1; @@ -80,12 +86,14 @@ class Solution { for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) { let tank = gas[i] - cost[i]; if (tank < 0) continue; + let j = (i + 1) % n; while (j !== i) { tank += gas[j] - cost[j]; if (tank < 0) break; j = (j + 1) % n; } + if (j === i) return i; } return -1; @@ -101,14 +109,17 @@ public class Solution { for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { int tank = gas[i] - cost[i]; if (tank < 0) continue; + int j = (i + 1) % n; while (j != i) { tank += gas[j] - cost[j]; if (tank < 0) break; j = (j + 1) % n; } + if (j == i) return i; } + return -1; } } @@ -117,11 +128,13 @@ public class Solution { ```go func canCompleteCircuit(gas []int, cost []int) int { n := len(gas) + for i := 0; i < n; i++ { tank := gas[i] - cost[i] if tank < 0 { continue } + j := (i + 1) % n for j != i { tank += gas[j] @@ -131,10 +144,12 @@ func canCompleteCircuit(gas []int, cost []int) int { } j = (j + 1) % n } + if j == i { return i } } + return -1 } ``` @@ -166,6 +181,38 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func canCompleteCircuit(_ gas: [Int], _ cost: [Int]) -> Int { + let n = gas.count + + for i in 0.. Int { + let n = gas.count + var start = n - 1 + var end = 0 + var tank = gas[start] - cost[start] + + while start > end { + if tank < 0 { + start -= 1 + tank += gas[start] - cost[start] + } else { + tank += gas[end] - cost[end] + end += 1 + } + } + + return tank >= 0 ? start : -1 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -510,6 +580,29 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func canCompleteCircuit(_ gas: [Int], _ cost: [Int]) -> Int { + if gas.reduce(0, +) < cost.reduce(0, +) { + return -1 + } + + var total = 0 + var res = 0 + for i in 0.. [String] { + var res = [String]() + + func isValid(_ s: String) -> Bool { + var open = 0 + for c in s { + open += (c == "(") ? 1 : -1 + if open < 0 { + return false + } + } + return open == 0 + } + + func dfs(_ s: String) { + if s.count == n * 2 { + if isValid(s) { + res.append(s) + } + return + } + dfs(s + "(") + dfs(s + ")") + } + + dfs("") + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -442,6 +475,37 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func generateParenthesis(_ n: Int) -> [String] { + var stack = [Character]() + var res = [String]() + + func backtrack(_ openN: Int, _ closedN: Int) { + if openN == n && closedN == n { + res.append(String(stack)) + return + } + + if openN < n { + stack.append("(") + backtrack(openN + 1, closedN) + stack.removeLast() + } + + if closedN < openN { + stack.append(")") + backtrack(openN, closedN + 1) + stack.removeLast() + } + } + + backtrack(0, 0) + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -606,6 +670,27 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func generateParenthesis(_ n: Int) -> [String] { + var res = [[String]](repeating: [], count: n + 1) + res[0] = [""] + + for k in 0...n { + for i in 0.. count = new HashMap<>(); for (int num : hand) { count.put(num, count.getOrDefault(num, 0) + 1); } + Arrays.sort(hand); for (int num : hand) { if (count.get(num) > 0) { @@ -45,8 +48,10 @@ class Solution { public: bool isNStraightHand(vector& hand, int groupSize) { if (hand.size() % groupSize != 0) return false; + unordered_map count; for (int num : hand) count[num]++; + sort(hand.begin(), hand.end()); for (int num : hand) { if (count[num] > 0) { @@ -72,10 +77,12 @@ class Solution { if (hand.length % groupSize !== 0) { return false; } + const count = {}; for (const num of hand) { count[num] = (count[num] || 0) + 1; } + hand.sort((a, b) => a - b); for (const num of hand) { if (count[num] > 0) { @@ -94,10 +101,12 @@ class Solution { public class Solution { public bool IsNStraightHand(int[] hand, int groupSize) { if (hand.Length % groupSize != 0) return false; + var count = new Dictionary(); foreach (var num in hand) { count[num] = count.GetValueOrDefault(num, 0) + 1; } + Array.Sort(hand); foreach (var num in hand) { if (count[num] > 0) { @@ -164,6 +173,36 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isNStraightHand(_ hand: [Int], _ groupSize: Int) -> Bool { + if hand.count % groupSize != 0 { + return false + } + + var count = [Int: Int]() + for num in hand { + count[num, default: 0] += 1 + } + + let sortedHand = hand.sorted() + for num in sortedHand { + if let freq = count[num], freq > 0 { + for i in num..<(num + groupSize) { + if let f = count[i], f > 0 { + count[i] = f - 1 + } else { + return false + } + } + } + } + + return true + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -410,6 +449,40 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isNStraightHand(_ hand: [Int], _ groupSize: Int) -> Bool { + if hand.count % groupSize != 0 { + return false + } + + var count = [Int: Int]() + for n in hand { + count[n, default: 0] += 1 + } + + var minH = Heap(Array(count.keys)) + + while !minH.isEmpty { + guard let first = minH.min else { return false } + + for i in first..<(first + groupSize) { + guard let freq = count[i] else { return false } + count[i] = freq - 1 + if count[i] == 0 { + if i != minH.min { + return false + } + minH.removeMin() + } + } + } + + return true + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -655,6 +728,40 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isNStraightHand(_ hand: [Int], _ groupSize: Int) -> Bool { + if hand.count % groupSize != 0 { + return false + } + + var count = [Int: Int]() + for num in hand { + count[num, default: 0] += 1 + } + + var queue = Deque() + var lastNum = -1 + var openGroups = 0 + + for (num, numCount) in count.sorted(by: { $0.key < $1.key }) { + if (openGroups > 0 && num > lastNum + 1) || openGroups > numCount { + return false + } + + queue.append(numCount - openGroups) + lastNum = num + openGroups = numCount + + if queue.count == groupSize { + openGroups -= queue.removeFirst() + } + } + return openGroups == 0 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -673,6 +780,7 @@ class Solution: def isNStraightHand(self, hand: List[int], groupSize: int) -> bool: if len(hand) % groupSize != 0: return False + count = Counter(hand) for num in hand: start = num @@ -692,6 +800,7 @@ class Solution: public class Solution { public boolean isNStraightHand(int[] hand, int groupSize) { if (hand.length % groupSize != 0) return false; + Map count = new HashMap<>(); for (int num : hand) { count.put(num, count.getOrDefault(num, 0) + 1); @@ -720,6 +829,7 @@ class Solution { public: bool isNStraightHand(vector& hand, int groupSize) { if (hand.size() % groupSize != 0) return false; + unordered_map count; for (int num : hand) count[num]++; @@ -750,6 +860,7 @@ class Solution { */ isNStraightHand(hand, groupSize) { if (hand.length % groupSize !== 0) return false; + const count = new Map(); hand.forEach(num => count.set(num, (count.get(num) || 0) + 1)); @@ -775,6 +886,7 @@ class Solution { public class Solution { public bool IsNStraightHand(int[] hand, int groupSize) { if (hand.Length % groupSize != 0) return false; + Dictionary count = new Dictionary(); foreach (int num in hand) { if (!count.ContainsKey(num)) count[num] = 0; @@ -867,6 +979,41 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isNStraightHand(_ hand: [Int], _ groupSize: Int) -> Bool { + if hand.count % groupSize != 0 { + return false + } + + var count = [Int: Int]() + for num in hand { + count[num, default: 0] += 1 + } + + for num in hand { + var start = num + while (count[start - 1] ?? 0) > 0 { + start -= 1 + } + while start <= num { + while (count[start] ?? 0) > 0 { + for i in start..<(start + groupSize) { + if (count[i] ?? 0) == 0 { + return false + } + count[i]! -= 1 + } + } + start += 1 + } + } + + return true + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/house-robber-ii.md b/articles/house-robber-ii.md index 9157646c6..0469d73df 100644 --- a/articles/house-robber-ii.md +++ b/articles/house-robber-ii.md @@ -131,6 +131,25 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func rob(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + if nums.count == 1 { + return nums[0] + } + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ flag: Bool) -> Int { + if i >= nums.count || (flag && i == nums.count - 1) { + return 0 + } + return max(dfs(i + 1, flag), nums[i] + dfs(i + 2, flag || i == 0)) + } + + return max(dfs(0, true), dfs(1, false)) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -336,6 +355,35 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func rob(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + if nums.count == 1 { + return nums[0] + } + + var memo = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: -1, count: 2), count: nums.count) + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ flag: Bool) -> Int { + if i >= nums.count || (flag && i == nums.count - 1) { + return 0 + } + if memo[i][flag ? 1 : 0] != -1 { + return memo[i][flag ? 1 : 0] + } + + memo[i][flag ? 1 : 0] = max( + dfs(i + 1, flag), nums[i] + dfs(i + 2, flag || i == 0) + ) + + return memo[i][flag ? 1 : 0] + } + + return max(dfs(0, true), dfs(1, false)) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -553,6 +601,36 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func rob(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + if nums.count == 1 { + return nums[0] + } + return max(helper(Array(nums[1...])), helper(Array(nums[..<(nums.count - 1)]))) + } + + func helper(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + if nums.isEmpty { + return 0 + } + if nums.count == 1 { + return nums[0] + } + + var dp = [Int](repeating: 0, count: nums.count) + dp[0] = nums[0] + dp[1] = max(nums[0], nums[1]) + + for i in 2.. Int { + if nums.isEmpty { + return 0 + } + if nums.count == 1 { + return nums[0] + } + + let candidate1 = nums[0] + let candidate2 = helper(Array(nums[1.. Int { + var rob1 = 0 + var rob2 = 0 + + for num in nums { + let newRob = max(rob1 + num, rob2) + rob1 = rob2 + rob2 = newRob + } + + return rob2 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/house-robber.md b/articles/house-robber.md index 6122135cb..22be9ba02 100644 --- a/articles/house-robber.md +++ b/articles/house-robber.md @@ -118,6 +118,21 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func rob(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + func dfs(_ i: Int) -> Int { + if i >= nums.count { + return 0 + } + return max(dfs(i + 1), nums[i] + dfs(i + 2)) + } + + return dfs(0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -291,6 +306,27 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func rob(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + var memo = Array(repeating: -1, count: nums.count) + + func dfs(_ i: Int) -> Int { + if i >= nums.count { + return 0 + } + if memo[i] != -1 { + return memo[i] + } + memo[i] = max(dfs(i + 1), nums[i] + dfs(i + 2)) + return memo[i] + } + + return dfs(0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -455,6 +491,29 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func rob(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + if nums.isEmpty { + return 0 + } + if nums.count == 1 { + return nums[0] + } + + var dp = Array(repeating: 0, count: nums.count) + dp[0] = nums[0] + dp[1] = max(nums[0], nums[1]) + + for i in 2.. Int { + var rob1 = 0, rob2 = 0 + + for num in nums { + let temp = max(num + rob1, rob2) + rob1 = rob2 + rob2 = temp + } + + return rob2 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/implement-prefix-tree.md b/articles/implement-prefix-tree.md index 493258c7b..3e4a303f2 100644 --- a/articles/implement-prefix-tree.md +++ b/articles/implement-prefix-tree.md @@ -363,6 +363,62 @@ class PrefixTree { } ``` +```swift +class TrieNode { + var children: [TrieNode?] + var endOfWord: Bool + + init() { + self.children = Array(repeating: nil, count: 26) + self.endOfWord = false + } +} + +class PrefixTree { + private let root: TrieNode + + init() { + self.root = TrieNode() + } + + func insert(_ word: String) { + var cur = root + for c in word { + let i = Int(c.asciiValue! - Character("a").asciiValue!) + if cur.children[i] == nil { + cur.children[i] = TrieNode() + } + cur = cur.children[i]! + } + cur.endOfWord = true + } + + func search(_ word: String) -> Bool { + var cur = root + for c in word { + let i = Int(c.asciiValue! - Character("a").asciiValue!) + if cur.children[i] == nil { + return false + } + cur = cur.children[i]! + } + return cur.endOfWord + } + + func startsWith(_ prefix: String) -> Bool { + var cur = root + for c in prefix { + let i = Int(c.asciiValue! - Character("a").asciiValue!) + if cur.children[i] == nil { + return false + } + cur = cur.children[i]! + } + return true + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -708,6 +764,59 @@ class PrefixTree { } ``` +```swift +class TrieNode { + var children: [Character: TrieNode] + var endOfWord: Bool + + init() { + self.children = [:] + self.endOfWord = false + } +} + +class PrefixTree { + private let root: TrieNode + + init() { + self.root = TrieNode() + } + + func insert(_ word: String) { + var cur = root + for c in word { + if cur.children[c] == nil { + cur.children[c] = TrieNode() + } + cur = cur.children[c]! + } + cur.endOfWord = true + } + + func search(_ word: String) -> Bool { + var cur = root + for c in word { + if cur.children[c] == nil { + return false + } + cur = cur.children[c]! + } + return cur.endOfWord + } + + func startsWith(_ prefix: String) -> Bool { + var cur = root + for c in prefix { + if cur.children[c] == nil { + return false + } + cur = cur.children[c]! + } + return true + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/insert-new-interval.md b/articles/insert-new-interval.md index 367a09391..13f29a037 100644 --- a/articles/insert-new-interval.md +++ b/articles/insert-new-interval.md @@ -216,6 +216,37 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func insert(_ intervals: [[Int]], _ newInterval: [Int]) -> [[Int]] { + var intervals = intervals + var newInterval = newInterval + var res: [[Int]] = [] + var i = 0 + let n = intervals.count + + while i < n && intervals[i][1] < newInterval[0] { + res.append(intervals[i]) + i += 1 + } + + while i < n && newInterval[1] >= intervals[i][0] { + newInterval[0] = min(newInterval[0], intervals[i][0]) + newInterval[1] = max(newInterval[1], intervals[i][1]) + i += 1 + } + res.append(newInterval) + + while i < n { + res.append(intervals[i]) + i += 1 + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -512,6 +543,41 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func insert(_ intervals: [[Int]], _ newInterval: [Int]) -> [[Int]] { + if intervals.isEmpty { + return [newInterval] + } + + var intervals = intervals + let target = newInterval[0] + var left = 0, right = intervals.count - 1 + + while left <= right { + let mid = (left + right) / 2 + if intervals[mid][0] < target { + left = mid + 1 + } else { + right = mid - 1 + } + } + + intervals.insert(newInterval, at: left) + + var res: [[Int]] = [] + for interval in intervals { + if res.isEmpty || res.last![1] < interval[0] { + res.append(interval) + } else { + res[res.count - 1][1] = max(res.last![1], interval[1]) + } + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -707,6 +773,31 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func insert(_ intervals: [[Int]], _ newInterval: [Int]) -> [[Int]] { + var res = [[Int]]() + var newInterval = newInterval + + for i in 0.. intervals[i][1] { + res.append(intervals[i]) + } else { + newInterval[0] = min(newInterval[0], intervals[i][0]) + newInterval[1] = max(newInterval[1], intervals[i][1]) + } + } + + res.append(newInterval) + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/interleaving-string.md b/articles/interleaving-string.md index c5e0566de..3d124cd01 100644 --- a/articles/interleaving-string.md +++ b/articles/interleaving-string.md @@ -199,6 +199,39 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isInterleave(_ s1: String, _ s2: String, _ s3: String) -> Bool { + let n1 = s1.count, n2 = s2.count, n3 = s3.count + if n1 + n2 != n3 { return false } + + let s1 = Array(s1), s2 = Array(s2), s3 = Array(s3) + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ j: Int, _ k: Int) -> Bool { + if k == n3 { + return i == n1 && j == n2 + } + + if i < n1 && s1[i] == s3[k] { + if dfs(i + 1, j, k + 1) { + return true + } + } + + if j < n2 && s2[j] == s3[k] { + if dfs(i, j + 1, k + 1) { + return true + } + } + + return false + } + + return dfs(0, 0, 0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -462,6 +495,40 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isInterleave(_ s1: String, _ s2: String, _ s3: String) -> Bool { + let m = s1.count, n = s2.count, l = s3.count + if m + n != l { return false } + + let s1 = Array(s1), s2 = Array(s2), s3 = Array(s3) + var dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: nil as Bool?, count: n + 1), count: m + 1) + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ j: Int, _ k: Int) -> Bool { + if k == l { + return i == m && j == n + } + if let cached = dp[i][j] { + return cached + } + + var res = false + if i < m && s1[i] == s3[k] { + res = dfs(i + 1, j, k + 1) + } + if !res && j < n && s2[j] == s3[k] { + res = dfs(i, j + 1, k + 1) + } + + dp[i][j] = res + return res + } + + return dfs(0, 0, 0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -660,6 +727,31 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isInterleave(_ s1: String, _ s2: String, _ s3: String) -> Bool { + let m = s1.count, n = s2.count, l = s3.count + if m + n != l { return false } + + let s1 = Array(s1), s2 = Array(s2), s3 = Array(s3) + var dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: false, count: n + 1), count: m + 1) + dp[m][n] = true + + for i in stride(from: m, through: 0, by: -1) { + for j in stride(from: n, through: 0, by: -1) { + if i < m && s1[i] == s3[i + j] && dp[i + 1][j] { + dp[i][j] = true + } + if j < n && s2[j] == s3[i + j] && dp[i][j + 1] { + dp[i][j] = true + } + } + } + return dp[0][0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -904,6 +996,38 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isInterleave(_ s1: String, _ s2: String, _ s3: String) -> Bool { + var s1 = Array(s1), s2 = Array(s2), s3 = Array(s3) + var m = s1.count, n = s2.count + if m + n != s3.count { return false } + if n < m { + swap(&s1, &s2) + swap(&m, &n) + } + + var dp = Array(repeating: false, count: n + 1) + dp[n] = true + + for i in stride(from: m, through: 0, by: -1) { + var nextDp = Array(repeating: false, count: n + 1) + nextDp[n] = true + for j in stride(from: n, through: 0, by: -1) { + if i < m && s1[i] == s3[i + j] && dp[j] { + nextDp[j] = true + } + if j < n && s2[j] == s3[i + j] && nextDp[j + 1] { + nextDp[j] = true + } + } + dp = nextDp + } + return dp[0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1155,6 +1279,39 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isInterleave(_ s1: String, _ s2: String, _ s3: String) -> Bool { + var s1 = Array(s1), s2 = Array(s2), s3 = Array(s3) + var m = s1.count, n = s2.count + if m + n != s3.count { return false } + if n < m { + swap(&s1, &s2) + swap(&m, &n) + } + + var dp = Array(repeating: false, count: n + 1) + dp[n] = true + + for i in stride(from: m, through: 0, by: -1) { + var nextDp = true + for j in stride(from: n - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + var res = false + if i < m && s1[i] == s3[i + j] && dp[j] { + res = true + } + if j < n && s2[j] == s3[i + j] && nextDp { + res = true + } + dp[j] = res + nextDp = dp[j] + } + } + return dp[0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/invert-a-binary-tree.md b/articles/invert-a-binary-tree.md index 2c7622067..33ee15f84 100644 --- a/articles/invert-a-binary-tree.md +++ b/articles/invert-a-binary-tree.md @@ -227,6 +227,44 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func invertTree(_ root: TreeNode?) -> TreeNode? { + guard let root = root else { return nil } + var queue = Deque() + queue.append(root) + + while !queue.isEmpty { + let node = queue.removeFirst() + (node.left, node.right) = (node.right, node.left) + + if let left = node.left { + queue.append(left) + } + if let right = node.right { + queue.append(right) + } + } + return root + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -253,10 +291,10 @@ class Solution: if not root: return None root.left, root.right = root.right, root.left - + self.invertTree(root.left) self.invertTree(root.right) - + return root ``` @@ -277,16 +315,18 @@ class Solution: * } */ -class Solution { +public class Solution { public TreeNode invertTree(TreeNode root) { if (root == null) return null; - - TreeNode node = new TreeNode(root.val); - node.right = invertTree(root.left); - node.left = invertTree(root.right); - - return node; + TreeNode temp = root.left; + root.left = root.right; + root.right = temp; + + invertTree(root.left); + invertTree(root.right); + + return root; } } ``` @@ -307,14 +347,13 @@ class Solution { class Solution { public: TreeNode* invertTree(TreeNode* root) { - if (root == nullptr) return nullptr; + if (!root) return nullptr; - TreeNode* node = new TreeNode(root->val); - - node->right = invertTree(root->left); - node->left = invertTree(root->right); + swap(root->left, root->right); + invertTree(root->left); + invertTree(root->right); - return node; + return root; } }; ``` @@ -337,14 +376,13 @@ class Solution { * @return {TreeNode} */ invertTree(root) { - if (root === null) return null; - - const node = new TreeNode(root.val); + if (!root) return null; - node.right = this.invertTree(root.left); - node.left = this.invertTree(root.right); + [root.left, root.right] = [root.right, root.left]; + this.invertTree(root.left); + this.invertTree(root.right); - return node; + return root; } } ``` @@ -368,12 +406,95 @@ public class Solution { public TreeNode InvertTree(TreeNode root) { if (root == null) return null; - TreeNode node = new TreeNode(root.val); - - node.right = InvertTree(root.left); - node.left = InvertTree(root.right); + TreeNode temp = root.left; + root.left = root.right; + root.right = temp; + + InvertTree(root.left); + InvertTree(root.right); - return node; + return root; + } +} +``` + +```go +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * type TreeNode struct { + * Val int + * Left *TreeNode + * Right *TreeNode + * } + */ + +func invertTree(root *TreeNode) *TreeNode { + if root == nil { + return nil + } + + root.Left, root.Right = root.Right, root.Left + invertTree(root.Left) + invertTree(root.Right) + + return root +} +``` + +```kotlin +/** + * Example: + * var ti = TreeNode(5) + * var v = ti.`val` + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * class TreeNode(var `val`: Int) { + * var left: TreeNode? = null + * var right: TreeNode? = null + * } + */ + +class Solution { + fun invertTree(root: TreeNode?): TreeNode? { + if (root == null) return null + + val temp = root.left + root.left = root.right + root.right = temp + + invertTree(root.left) + invertTree(root.right) + + return root + } +} +``` + +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func invertTree(_ root: TreeNode?) -> TreeNode? { + guard let root = root else { return nil } + + (root.left, root.right) = (root.right, root.left) + + invertTree(root.left) + invertTree(root.right) + + return root } } ``` @@ -383,7 +504,7 @@ public class Solution { ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(n)$ -* Space complexity: $O(n)$ +* Space complexity: $O(n)$ for recursion stack. --- @@ -592,6 +713,43 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func invertTree(_ root: TreeNode?) -> TreeNode? { + guard let root = root else { return nil } + var stack: [TreeNode] = [root] + + while !stack.isEmpty { + let node = stack.removeLast() + (node.left, node.right) = (node.right, node.left) + + if let left = node.left { + stack.append(left) + } + if let right = node.right { + stack.append(right) + } + } + return root + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/is-anagram.md b/articles/is-anagram.md index ae3a44534..eb996634a 100644 --- a/articles/is-anagram.md +++ b/articles/is-anagram.md @@ -112,6 +112,14 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isAnagram(_ s: String, _ t: String) -> Bool { + return s.count == t.count && s.sorted() == t.sorted() + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -123,7 +131,7 @@ class Solution { --- -## 2. Hash Table +## 2. Hash Map ::tabs-start @@ -266,6 +274,29 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isAnagram(_ s: String, _ t: String) -> Bool { + if s.count != t.count { + return false + } + + var countS = [Character: Int]() + var countT = [Character: Int]() + + let sArray = Array(s) + let tArray = Array(t) + + for i in 0.. Bool { + if s.count != t.count { + return false + } + + var count = [Int](repeating: 0, count: 26) + let sArray = Array(s) + let tArray = Array(t) + + for i in 0.. Where $n$ is the length of string $s$ and $m$ is the length of string $t$. +> Where $n$ is the length of string $s$ and $m$ is the length of string $t$. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/articles/is-palindrome.md b/articles/is-palindrome.md index e7675ceb9..9aea0c833 100644 --- a/articles/is-palindrome.md +++ b/articles/is-palindrome.md @@ -123,6 +123,22 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isPalindrome(_ s: String) -> Bool { + var newStr = "" + + for c in s { + if c.isLetter || c.isNumber { + newStr.append(c.lowercased()) + } + } + + return newStr == String(newStr.reversed()) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -327,6 +343,34 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isPalindrome(_ s: String) -> Bool { + let chars = Array(s) + var l = 0, r = chars.count - 1 + + while l < r { + while l < r && !isAlphaNum(chars[l]) { + l += 1 + } + while r > l && !isAlphaNum(chars[r]) { + r -= 1 + } + if chars[l].lowercased() != chars[r].lowercased() { + return false + } + l += 1 + r -= 1 + } + return true + } + + private func isAlphaNum(_ c: Character) -> Bool { + return c.isLetter || c.isNumber + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/islands-and-treasure.md b/articles/islands-and-treasure.md index ff99ef107..86e92192f 100644 --- a/articles/islands-and-treasure.md +++ b/articles/islands-and-treasure.md @@ -302,6 +302,43 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func islandsAndTreasure(_ grid: inout [[Int]]) { + let ROWS = grid.count + let COLS = grid[0].count + let INF = 2147483647 + let directions = [(1, 0), (-1, 0), (0, 1), (0, -1)] + var visit = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: false, count: COLS), count: ROWS) + + func dfs(_ r: Int, _ c: Int) -> Int { + if r < 0 || c < 0 || r >= ROWS || c >= COLS || grid[r][c] == -1 || visit[r][c] { + return INF + } + if grid[r][c] == 0 { + return 0 + } + + visit[r][c] = true + var res = INF + for (dx, dy) in directions { + res = min(res, 1 + dfs(r + dx, c + dy)) + } + visit[r][c] = false + return res + } + + for r in 0.. Int { + var q = Deque<(Int, Int)>() + q.append((r, c)) + var visit = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: false, count: COLS), count: ROWS) + visit[r][c] = true + var steps = 0 + while !q.isEmpty { + let levelCount = q.count + for _ in 0..= 0 && nr < ROWS && nc >= 0 && nc < COLS && + !visit[nr][nc] && grid[nr][nc] != -1) { + visit[nr][nc] = true + q.append((nr, nc)) + } + } + } + steps += 1 + } + return INF + } + + for r in 0..() + var q = Deque() + + func addCell(_ r: Int, _ c: Int) { + if r < 0 || c < 0 || r >= ROWS || c >= COLS { return } + let item = Item(r: r, c: c) + if visit.contains(item) || grid[r][c] == -1 { return } + visit.insert(item) + q.append(item) + } + + for r in 0.. Int { + func dfs(_ i: Int) -> Int { + if i == nums.count - 1 { + return 0 + } + if nums[i] == 0 { + return 1000000 + } + + let end = min(nums.count - 1, i + nums[i]) + var res = 1000000 + for j in i + 1..<(end + 1) { + res = min(res, 1 + dfs(j)) + } + + return res + } + + return dfs(0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -382,6 +411,37 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + var memo: [Int: Int] = [:] + + func jump(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + return dfs(nums, 0) + } + + private func dfs(_ nums: [Int], _ i: Int) -> Int { + if let cachedResult = memo[i] { + return cachedResult + } + if i == nums.count - 1 { + return 0 + } + if nums[i] == 0 { + return 1000000 + } + + var res = 1000000 + let end = min(nums.count, i + nums[i] + 1) + for j in i + 1.. Int { + let n = nums.count + var dp = Array(repeating: 1000000, count: n) + dp[n - 1] = 0 + + for i in stride(from: n - 2, through: 0, by: -1) { + let end = min(n, i + nums[i] + 1) + for j in i + 1.. Int { + var res = 0 + var l = 0 + var r = 0 + + while r < nums.count - 1 { + var farthest = 0 + for i in l...r { + farthest = max(farthest, i + nums[i]) + } + l = r + 1 + r = farthest + res += 1 + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/jump-game.md b/articles/jump-game.md index 850539bca..c5048055e 100644 --- a/articles/jump-game.md +++ b/articles/jump-game.md @@ -157,6 +157,29 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func canJump(_ nums: [Int]) -> Bool { + + func dfs(_ i: Int) -> Bool { + if i == nums.count - 1 { + return true + } + + let end = min(nums.count - 1, i + nums[i]) + for j in i + 1..<(end + 1) { + if dfs(j) { + return true + } + } + return false + } + + return dfs(0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -397,6 +420,39 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func canJump(_ nums: [Int]) -> Bool { + var memo: [Int: Bool] = [:] + + func dfs(_ i: Int) -> Bool { + if let cachedResult = memo[i] { + return cachedResult + } + if i == nums.count - 1 { + return true + } + if nums[i] == 0 { + return false + } + + let end = min(nums.count, i + nums[i] + 1) + for j in i + 1.. Bool { + let n = nums.count + var dp = [Bool](repeating: false, count: n) + dp[n - 1] = true + + for i in (0.. Bool { + var goal = nums.count - 1 + + for i in stride(from: nums.count - 2, through: 0, by: -1) { + if i + nums[i] >= goal { + goal = i + } + } + + return goal == 0 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/k-closest-points-to-origin.md b/articles/k-closest-points-to-origin.md index 823a5a33f..7882e7c18 100644 --- a/articles/k-closest-points-to-origin.md +++ b/articles/k-closest-points-to-origin.md @@ -75,6 +75,16 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func kClosest(_ points: [[Int]], _ k: Int) -> [[Int]] { + return points.sorted { ($0[0] * $0[0] + $0[1] * $0[1]) < ($1[0] * $1[0] + $1[1] * $1[1]) } + .prefix(k) + .map { $0 } + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -84,7 +94,7 @@ class Solution { --- -## 2. Min Heap +## 2. Min-Heap ::tabs-start @@ -242,6 +252,39 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +struct Item: Comparable { + let dist: Int + let x: Int + let y: Int + + static func < (lhs: Item, rhs: Item) -> Bool { + return lhs.dist < rhs.dist + } +} + +class Solution { + func kClosest(_ points: [[Int]], _ k: Int) -> [[Int]] { + var minHeap = Heap() + + for point in points { + let x = point[0], y = point[1] + let dist = x * x + y * y + minHeap.insert(Item(dist: dist, x: x, y: y)) + } + + var res = [[Int]]() + for _ in 0.. Bool { + return lhs.dist > rhs.dist + } +} + +class Solution { + func kClosest(_ points: [[Int]], _ k: Int) -> [[Int]] { + var maxHeap = Heap() + + for point in points { + let x = point[0], y = point[1] + let dist = x * x + y * y + maxHeap.insert(Item(dist: dist, x: x, y: y)) + if maxHeap.count > k { + _ = maxHeap.popMin() + } + } + + var res = [[Int]]() + while !maxHeap.isEmpty { + if let item = maxHeap.popMin() { + res.append([item.x, item.y]) + } + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -721,6 +800,46 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func kClosest(_ points: [[Int]], _ k: Int) -> [[Int]] { + var points = points + + func euclidean(_ point: [Int]) -> Int { + return point[0] * point[0] + point[1] * point[1] + } + + func partition(_ l: Int, _ r: Int) -> Int { + let pivotIdx = r + let pivotDist = euclidean(points[pivotIdx]) + var i = l + for j in l.. Int { + let sortedNums = nums.sorted() + return sortedNums[sortedNums.count - k] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -184,6 +193,23 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findKthLargest(_ nums: [Int], _ k: Int) -> Int { + var minHeap = Heap() + + for num in nums { + minHeap.insert(num) + if minHeap.count > k { + _ = minHeap.removeMin() + } + } + + return minHeap.popMin()! + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -417,6 +443,38 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findKthLargest(_ nums: [Int], _ k: Int) -> Int { + var nums = nums + let k = nums.count - k + + func quickSelect(_ l: Int, _ r: Int) -> Int { + let pivot = nums[r] + var p = l + + for i in l.. k { + return quickSelect(l, p - 1) + } else if p < k { + return quickSelect(p + 1, r) + } else { + return nums[p] + } + } + + return quickSelect(0, nums.count - 1) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -822,6 +880,70 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func partition(_ nums: inout [Int], _ left: Int, _ right: Int) -> Int { + let mid = (left + right) >> 1 + nums.swapAt(mid, left + 1) + + if nums[left] < nums[right] { + nums.swapAt(left, right) + } + if nums[left + 1] < nums[right] { + nums.swapAt(left + 1, right) + } + if nums[left] < nums[left + 1] { + nums.swapAt(left, left + 1) + } + + let pivot = nums[left + 1] + var i = left + 1 + var j = right + + while true { + repeat { i += 1 } while nums[i] > pivot + repeat { j -= 1 } while nums[j] < pivot + + if i > j { + break + } + nums.swapAt(i, j) + } + + nums.swapAt(left + 1, j) + return j + } + + func quickSelect(_ nums: inout [Int], _ k: Int) -> Int { + var left = 0 + var right = nums.count - 1 + + while true { + if right <= left + 1 { + if right == left + 1 && nums[right] > nums[left] { + nums.swapAt(left, right) + } + return nums[k] + } + + let j = partition(&nums, left, right) + + if j >= k { + right = j - 1 + } + if j <= k { + left = j + 1 + } + } + } + + func findKthLargest(_ nums: [Int], _ k: Int) -> Int { + var nums = nums + return quickSelect(&nums, k - 1) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/kth-largest-integer-in-a-stream.md b/articles/kth-largest-integer-in-a-stream.md index 7913b93ca..42a4f617a 100644 --- a/articles/kth-largest-integer-in-a-stream.md +++ b/articles/kth-largest-integer-in-a-stream.md @@ -124,12 +124,32 @@ class KthLargest(k: Int, nums: IntArray) { } ``` +```swift +class KthLargest { + private var k: Int + private var arr: [Int] + + init(_ k: Int, _ nums: [Int]) { + self.k = k + self.arr = nums + } + + func add(_ val: Int) -> Int { + arr.append(val) + arr.sort() + return arr[arr.count - k] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(m * n\log n)$ -* Space complexity: $O(1)$ or $O(n)$ depending on the sorting algorithm. +* Space complexity: + * $O(m)$ extra space. + * $O(1)$ or $O(n)$ space depending on the sorting algorithm. > Where $m$ is the number of calls made to $add()$ and $n$ is the current size of the array. @@ -324,6 +344,32 @@ class KthLargest(k: Int, nums: IntArray) { } ``` +```swift +class KthLargest { + private var minHeap: Heap + private let k: Int + + init(_ k: Int, _ nums: [Int]) { + self.k = k + self.minHeap = Heap() + for num in nums { + minHeap.insert(num) + if minHeap.count > k { + minHeap.popMin() + } + } + } + + func add(_ val: Int) -> Int { + minHeap.insert(val) + if minHeap.count > k { + minHeap.popMin() + } + return minHeap.min! + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/kth-smallest-integer-in-bst.md b/articles/kth-smallest-integer-in-bst.md index 1014ba6d4..ec5dfe795 100644 --- a/articles/kth-smallest-integer-in-bst.md +++ b/articles/kth-smallest-integer-in-bst.md @@ -225,6 +225,40 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func kthSmallest(_ root: TreeNode?, _ k: Int) -> Int { + var arr = [Int]() + + func dfs(_ node: TreeNode?) { + guard let node = node else { return } + arr.append(node.val) + dfs(node.left) + dfs(node.right) + } + + dfs(root) + arr.sort() + return arr[k - 1] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -456,6 +490,39 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func kthSmallest(_ root: TreeNode?, _ k: Int) -> Int { + var arr = [Int]() + + func dfs(_ node: TreeNode?) { + guard let node = node else { return } + dfs(node.left) + arr.append(node.val) + dfs(node.right) + } + + dfs(root) + return arr[k - 1] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -721,6 +788,45 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func kthSmallest(_ root: TreeNode?, _ k: Int) -> Int { + var cnt = k + var res = root!.val + + func dfs(_ node: TreeNode?) { + guard let node = node else { return } + + dfs(node.left) + cnt -= 1 + if cnt == 0 { + res = node.val + return + } + dfs(node.right) + } + + dfs(root) + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -983,6 +1089,45 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func kthSmallest(_ root: TreeNode?, _ k: Int) -> Int { + var stack = [TreeNode]() + var curr = root + var k = k + + while !stack.isEmpty || curr != nil { + while curr != nil { + stack.append(curr!) + curr = curr?.left + } + curr = stack.removeLast() + k -= 1 + if k == 0 { + return curr!.val + } + curr = curr?.right + } + return -1 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1298,6 +1443,58 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func kthSmallest(_ root: TreeNode?, _ k: Int) -> Int { + var curr = root + var k = k + + while curr != nil { + if curr?.left == nil { + k -= 1 + if k == 0 { + return curr!.val + } + curr = curr?.right + } else { + var pred = curr?.left + while pred?.right != nil && pred?.right !== curr { + pred = pred?.right + } + + if pred?.right == nil { + pred?.right = curr + curr = curr?.left + } else { + pred?.right = nil + k -= 1 + if k == 0 { + return curr!.val + } + curr = curr?.right + } + } + } + return -1 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/largest-rectangle-in-histogram.md b/articles/largest-rectangle-in-histogram.md index 54d44de5b..75df88ffe 100644 --- a/articles/largest-rectangle-in-histogram.md +++ b/articles/largest-rectangle-in-histogram.md @@ -203,6 +203,35 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func largestRectangleArea(_ heights: [Int]) -> Int { + let n = heights.count + var maxArea = 0 + + for i in 0..= height { + rightMost += 1 + } + + var leftMost = i + while leftMost >= 0 && heights[leftMost] >= height { + leftMost -= 1 + } + + rightMost -= 1 + leftMost += 1 + maxArea = max(maxArea, height * (rightMost - leftMost + 1)) + } + + return maxArea + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -767,6 +796,86 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class MinIdxSegmentTree { + private var n: Int + private var INF = Int(1e9) + private var A: [Int] + private var tree: [Int] + + init(_ N: Int, _ A: [Int]) { + self.n = N + self.A = A + while (self.n & (self.n - 1)) != 0 { + self.A.append(self.INF) + self.n += 1 + } + self.tree = [Int](repeating: 0, count: 2 * self.n) + build() + } + + private func build() { + for i in 0..> 1 + while j >= 1 { + let a = tree[j << 1] + let b = tree[(j << 1) + 1] + tree[j] = (A[a] <= A[b]) ? a : b + j >>= 1 + } + } + + func query(_ ql: Int, _ qh: Int) -> Int { + return _query(1, 0, n - 1, ql, qh) + } + + private func _query(_ node: Int, _ l: Int, _ h: Int, _ ql: Int, _ qh: Int) -> Int { + if ql > h || qh < l { + return INF + } + if l >= ql && h <= qh { + return tree[node] + } + let a = _query(node << 1, l, (l + h) >> 1, ql, qh) + let b = _query((node << 1) + 1, ((l + h) >> 1) + 1, h, ql, qh) + if a == INF { return b } + if b == INF { return a } + return (A[a] <= A[b]) ? a : b + } +} + +class Solution { + func getMaxArea(_ heights: [Int], _ l: Int, _ r: Int, _ st: MinIdxSegmentTree) -> Int { + if l > r { return 0 } + if l == r { return heights[l] } + + let minIdx = st.query(l, r) + return max( + max(getMaxArea(heights, l, minIdx - 1, st), + getMaxArea(heights, minIdx + 1, r, st)), + (r - l + 1) * heights[minIdx] + ) + } + + func largestRectangleArea(_ heights: [Int]) -> Int { + let n = heights.count + let st = MinIdxSegmentTree(n, heights) + return getMaxArea(heights, 0, n - 1, st) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1075,6 +1184,46 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func largestRectangleArea(_ heights: [Int]) -> Int { + let n = heights.count + var stack = [Int]() + + var leftMost = [Int](repeating: -1, count: n) + for i in 0..= heights[i] { + stack.removeLast() + } + if !stack.isEmpty { + leftMost[i] = stack.last! + } + stack.append(i) + } + + stack.removeAll() + var rightMost = [Int](repeating: n, count: n) + for i in stride(from: n - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + while !stack.isEmpty && heights[stack.last!] >= heights[i] { + stack.removeLast() + } + if !stack.isEmpty { + rightMost[i] = stack.last! + } + stack.append(i) + } + + var maxArea = 0 + for i in 0.. Int { + var maxArea = 0 + var stack = [(Int, Int)]() // Pair: (index, height) + + for (i, h) in heights.enumerated() { + var start = i + while !stack.isEmpty && stack.last!.1 > h { + let (index, height) = stack.removeLast() + maxArea = max(maxArea, height * (i - index)) + start = index + } + stack.append((start, h)) + } + + for (i, h) in stack { + maxArea = max(maxArea, h * (heights.count - i)) + } + + return maxArea + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1292,7 +1466,7 @@ class Solution { --- -## 5. Stack (One Pass) +## 5. Stack (Optimal) ::tabs-start @@ -1453,6 +1627,26 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func largestRectangleArea(_ heights: [Int]) -> Int { + let n = heights.count + var maxArea = 0 + var stack = [Int]() + + for i in 0...n { + while !stack.isEmpty && (i == n || heights[stack.last!] >= heights[i]) { + let height = heights[stack.removeLast()] + let width = stack.isEmpty ? i : i - stack.last! - 1 + maxArea = max(maxArea, height * width) + } + stack.append(i) + } + return maxArea + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/last-stone-weight.md b/articles/last-stone-weight.md index da1ec745e..69ab3403a 100644 --- a/articles/last-stone-weight.md +++ b/articles/last-stone-weight.md @@ -127,6 +127,24 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func lastStoneWeight(_ stones: [Int]) -> Int { + var stones = stones + + while stones.count > 1 { + stones.sort() + let cur = stones.removeLast() - stones.removeLast() + if cur > 0 { + stones.append(cur) + } + } + + return stones.isEmpty ? 0 : stones[0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -368,6 +386,40 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func lastStoneWeight(_ stones: [Int]) -> Int { + var stones = stones.sorted() + var n = stones.count + + while n > 1 { + let cur = stones.removeLast() - stones.removeLast() + n -= 2 + if cur > 0 { + var l = 0, r = n + while l < r { + let mid = (l + r) / 2 + if stones[mid] < cur { + l = mid + 1 + } else { + r = mid + } + } + let pos = l + stones.append(0) + n += 1 + for i in stride(from: n - 1, to: pos, by: -1) { + stones[i] = stones[i - 1] + } + stones[pos] = cur + } + } + + return n > 0 ? stones[0] : 0 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -543,6 +595,22 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func lastStoneWeight(_ stones: [Int]) -> Int { + var heap = Heap(stones) + while heap.count > 1 { + let first = heap.popMax()! + let second = heap.popMax()! + if first > second { + heap.insert(first - second) + } + } + return heap.isEmpty ? 0 : heap.popMax()! + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -843,6 +911,46 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func lastStoneWeight(_ stones: [Int]) -> Int { + guard let maxStone = stones.max() else { return 0 } + + var bucket = [Int](repeating: 0, count: maxStone + 1) + for stone in stones { + bucket[stone] += 1 + } + + var first = maxStone + var second = maxStone + + while first > 0 { + if bucket[first] % 2 == 0 { + first -= 1 + continue + } + + var j = min(first - 1, second) + while j > 0 && bucket[j] == 0 { + j -= 1 + } + + if j == 0 { + return first + } + + second = j + bucket[first] -= 1 + bucket[second] -= 1 + bucket[first - second] += 1 + first = max(first - second, second) + } + + return first + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/level-order-traversal-of-binary-tree.md b/articles/level-order-traversal-of-binary-tree.md index 3bb08fe9a..28df7fc5f 100644 --- a/articles/level-order-traversal-of-binary-tree.md +++ b/articles/level-order-traversal-of-binary-tree.md @@ -19,11 +19,11 @@ class Solution: return None if len(res) == depth: res.append([]) - + res[depth].append(node.val) dfs(node.left, depth + 1) dfs(node.right, depth + 1) - + dfs(root, 0) return res ``` @@ -251,6 +251,44 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func levelOrder(_ root: TreeNode?) -> [[Int]] { + var res = [[Int]]() + + func dfs(_ node: TreeNode?, _ depth: Int) { + guard let node = node else { return } + + if res.count == depth { + res.append([]) + } + + res[depth].append(node.val) + dfs(node.left, depth + 1) + dfs(node.right, depth + 1) + } + + dfs(root, 0) + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -549,6 +587,48 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func levelOrder(_ root: TreeNode?) -> [[Int]] { + var res = [[Int]]() + var q = Deque() + q.append(root) + + while !q.isEmpty { + let qLen = q.count + var level = [Int]() + + for _ in 0.. Bool { + var seen = Set() + var cur = head + + while cur != nil { + let nodeId = ObjectIdentifier(cur!) + if seen.contains(nodeId) { + return true + } + seen.insert(nodeId) + cur = cur?.next + } + return false + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -387,6 +418,36 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for singly-linked list. + * public class ListNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: ListNode? + * public init(_ val: Int) { + * self.val = val + * self.next = nil + * } + * } + */ + +class Solution { + func hasCycle(_ head: ListNode?) -> Bool { + var slow = head + var fast = head + + while fast != nil && fast?.next != nil { + slow = slow?.next + fast = fast?.next?.next + if slow === fast { + return true + } + } + return false + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/longest-common-subsequence.md b/articles/longest-common-subsequence.md index f75a48573..95c23cd86 100644 --- a/articles/longest-common-subsequence.md +++ b/articles/longest-common-subsequence.md @@ -136,6 +136,27 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func longestCommonSubsequence(_ text1: String, _ text2: String) -> Int { + let arr1 = Array(text1) + let arr2 = Array(text2) + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ j: Int) -> Int { + if i == arr1.count || j == arr2.count { + return 0 + } + if arr1[i] == arr2[j] { + return 1 + dfs(i + 1, j + 1) + } + return max(dfs(i + 1, j), dfs(i, j + 1)) + } + + return dfs(0, 0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -363,6 +384,35 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func longestCommonSubsequence(_ text1: String, _ text2: String) -> Int { + let arr1 = Array(text1) + let arr2 = Array(text2) + var memo = [String: Int]() + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ j: Int) -> Int { + if i == arr1.count || j == arr2.count { + return 0 + } + let key = "\(i),\(j)" + if let val = memo[key] { + return val + } + + if arr1[i] == arr2[j] { + memo[key] = 1 + dfs(i + 1, j + 1) + } else { + memo[key] = max(dfs(i + 1, j), dfs(i, j + 1)) + } + return memo[key]! + } + + return dfs(0, 0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -534,6 +584,31 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func longestCommonSubsequence(_ text1: String, _ text2: String) -> Int { + let m = text1.count + let n = text2.count + let arr1 = Array(text1) + let arr2 = Array(text2) + + var dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: 0, count: n + 1), count: m + 1) + + for i in stride(from: m - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + for j in stride(from: n - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + if arr1[i] == arr2[j] { + dp[i][j] = 1 + dp[i + 1][j + 1] + } else { + dp[i][j] = max(dp[i][j + 1], dp[i + 1][j]) + } + } + } + + return dp[0][0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -749,6 +824,35 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func longestCommonSubsequence(_ text1: String, _ text2: String) -> Int { + var t1 = Array(text1) + var t2 = Array(text2) + + if t1.count < t2.count { + swap(&t1, &t2) + } + + var prev = Array(repeating: 0, count: t2.count + 1) + var curr = Array(repeating: 0, count: t2.count + 1) + + for i in stride(from: t1.count - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + for j in stride(from: t2.count - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + if t1[i] == t2[j] { + curr[j] = 1 + prev[j + 1] + } else { + curr[j] = max(curr[j + 1], prev[j]) + } + } + swap(&prev, &curr) + } + + return prev[0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -966,6 +1070,36 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func longestCommonSubsequence(_ text1: String, _ text2: String) -> Int { + var t1 = Array(text1) + var t2 = Array(text2) + + if t1.count < t2.count { + swap(&t1, &t2) + } + + var dp = Array(repeating: 0, count: t2.count + 1) + + for i in stride(from: t1.count - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + var prev = 0 + for j in stride(from: t2.count - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + let temp = dp[j] + if t1[i] == t2[j] { + dp[j] = 1 + prev + } else { + dp[j] = max(dp[j], dp[j + 1]) + } + prev = temp + } + } + + return dp[0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/longest-consecutive-sequence.md b/articles/longest-consecutive-sequence.md index 9f7193486..22cd5db3f 100644 --- a/articles/longest-consecutive-sequence.md +++ b/articles/longest-consecutive-sequence.md @@ -143,6 +143,29 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func longestConsecutive(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + var res = 0 + let store = Set(nums) + + for num in nums { + var streak = 0 + var curr = num + + while store.contains(curr) { + streak += 1 + curr += 1 + } + + res = max(res, streak) + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -343,12 +366,44 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func longestConsecutive(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + if nums.isEmpty { + return 0 + } + + var res = 0 + var nums = nums.sorted() + + var curr = nums[0] + var streak = 0 + var i = 0 + + while i < nums.count { + if curr != nums[i] { + curr = nums[i] + streak = 0 + } + while i < nums.count && nums[i] == curr { + i += 1 + } + streak += 1 + curr += 1 + res = max(res, streak) + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(n \log n)$ -* Space complexity: $O(1)$ +* Space complexity: $O(1)$ or $O(n)$ depending on the sorting algorithm. --- @@ -506,6 +561,27 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func longestConsecutive(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + let numSet = Set(nums) + var longest = 0 + + for num in numSet { + if !numSet.contains(num - 1) { + var length = 1 + while numSet.contains(num + length) { + length += 1 + } + longest = max(length, longest) + } + } + + return longest + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -662,6 +738,31 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func longestConsecutive(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + var mp = [Int: Int]() + var res = 0 + + for num in nums { + if mp[num] == nil { + let left = mp[num - 1] ?? 0 + let right = mp[num + 1] ?? 0 + let length = left + right + 1 + + mp[num] = length + mp[num - left] = length + mp[num + right] = length + + res = max(res, length) + } + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/longest-increasing-path-in-matrix.md b/articles/longest-increasing-path-in-matrix.md index 950ac6e73..e529b1ded 100644 --- a/articles/longest-increasing-path-in-matrix.md +++ b/articles/longest-increasing-path-in-matrix.md @@ -230,6 +230,35 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func longestIncreasingPath(_ matrix: [[Int]]) -> Int { + let rows = matrix.count, cols = matrix[0].count + let directions = [(-1, 0), (1, 0), (0, -1), (0, 1)] + + func dfs(_ r: Int, _ c: Int, _ prevVal: Int) -> Int { + if r < 0 || c < 0 || r >= rows || c >= cols || matrix[r][c] <= prevVal { + return 0 + } + + var res = 1 + for (dr, dc) in directions { + res = max(res, 1 + dfs(r + dr, c + dc, matrix[r][c])) + } + return res + } + + var lip = 0 + for r in 0.. Int { + let rows = matrix.count, cols = matrix[0].count + var dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: -1, count: cols), count: rows) + + func dfs(_ r: Int, _ c: Int, _ prevVal: Int) -> Int { + if r < 0 || r >= rows || c < 0 || c >= cols || matrix[r][c] <= prevVal { + return 0 + } + if dp[r][c] != -1 { + return dp[r][c] + } + + var res = 1 + res = max(res, 1 + dfs(r + 1, c, matrix[r][c])) + res = max(res, 1 + dfs(r - 1, c, matrix[r][c])) + res = max(res, 1 + dfs(r, c + 1, matrix[r][c])) + res = max(res, 1 + dfs(r, c - 1, matrix[r][c])) + + dp[r][c] = res + return res + } + + var maxPath = 0 + for r in 0.. Int { + let rows = matrix.count, cols = matrix[0].count + let directions = [(-1, 0), (1, 0), (0, -1), (0, 1)] + var indegree = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: 0, count: cols), count: rows) + + for r in 0..= 0 && nr < rows && nc >= 0 && nc < cols && + matrix[nr][nc] < matrix[r][c]) { + indegree[r][c] += 1 + } + } + } + } + + var q = Deque<(Int, Int)>() + for r in 0..= 0 && nr < rows && nc >= 0 && nc < cols && + matrix[nr][nc] > matrix[r][c]) { + indegree[nr][nc] -= 1 + if indegree[nr][nc] == 0 { + q.append((nr, nc)) + } + } + } + } + LIS += 1 + } + return LIS + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/longest-increasing-subsequence.md b/articles/longest-increasing-subsequence.md index 1b24412eb..79391921a 100644 --- a/articles/longest-increasing-subsequence.md +++ b/articles/longest-increasing-subsequence.md @@ -170,6 +170,28 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func lengthOfLIS(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ j: Int) -> Int { + if i == nums.count { + return 0 + } + + var LIS = dfs(i + 1, j) // not include + + if j == -1 || nums[j] < nums[i] { + LIS = max(LIS, 1 + dfs(i + 1, i)) // include + } + + return LIS + } + + return dfs(0, -1) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -179,7 +201,7 @@ class Solution { --- -## 2. Dynamic Programming (Top-Down) +## 2. Dynamic Programming (Top-Down) - I ::tabs-start @@ -410,6 +432,508 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func lengthOfLIS(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + let n = nums.count + var memo = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: -1, count: n + 1), count: n) + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ j: Int) -> Int { + if i == n { + return 0 + } + if memo[i][j + 1] != -1 { + return memo[i][j + 1] + } + + var LIS = dfs(i + 1, j) // not include + + if j == -1 || nums[j] < nums[i] { + LIS = max(LIS, 1 + dfs(i + 1, i)) // include + } + + memo[i][j + 1] = LIS + return LIS + } + + return dfs(0, -1) + } +} +``` + +::tabs-end + +### Time & Space Complexity + +* Time complexity: $O(n ^ 2)$ +* Space complexity: $O(n ^ 2)$ + +--- + +## 3. Dynamic Programming (Top-Down) - II + +::tabs-start + +```python +class Solution: + def lengthOfLIS(self, nums: List[int]) -> int: + n = len(nums) + memo = [-1] * n + + def dfs(i): + if memo[i] != -1: + return memo[i] + + LIS = 1 + for j in range(i + 1, n): + if nums[i] < nums[j]: + LIS = max(LIS, 1 + dfs(j)) + + memo[i] = LIS + return LIS + + return max(dfs(i) for i in range(n)) +``` + +```java +public class Solution { + private int[] memo; + + public int lengthOfLIS(int[] nums) { + int n = nums.length; + memo = new int[n]; + Arrays.fill(memo, -1); + + int maxLIS = 1; + for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { + maxLIS = Math.max(maxLIS, dfs(nums, i)); + } + return maxLIS; + } + + private int dfs(int[] nums, int i) { + if (memo[i] != -1) { + return memo[i]; + } + + int LIS = 1; + for (int j = i + 1; j < nums.length; j++) { + if (nums[i] < nums[j]) { + LIS = Math.max(LIS, 1 + dfs(nums, j)); + } + } + + memo[i] = LIS; + return LIS; + } +} +``` + +```cpp +class Solution { +private: + vector memo; + + int dfs(vector& nums, int i) { + if (memo[i] != -1) { + return memo[i]; + } + + int LIS = 1; + for (int j = i + 1; j < nums.size(); j++) { + if (nums[i] < nums[j]) { + LIS = max(LIS, 1 + dfs(nums, j)); + } + } + + return memo[i] = LIS; + } + +public: + int lengthOfLIS(vector& nums) { + int n = nums.size(); + memo.assign(n, -1); + + int maxLIS = 1; + for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { + maxLIS = max(maxLIS, dfs(nums, i)); + } + return maxLIS; + } +}; +``` + +```javascript +class Solution { + /** + * @param {number[]} nums + * @return {number} + */ + lengthOfLIS(nums) { + const n = nums.length; + const memo = new Array(n).fill(-1); + + const dfs = (i) => { + if (memo[i] !== -1) { + return memo[i]; + } + + let LIS = 1; + for (let j = i + 1; j < n; j++) { + if (nums[i] < nums[j]) { + LIS = Math.max(LIS, 1 + dfs(j)); + } + } + + memo[i] = LIS; + return LIS; + }; + + return Math.max(...nums.map((_, i) => dfs(i))); + } +} +``` + +```csharp +public class Solution { + private int[] memo; + + public int LengthOfLIS(int[] nums) { + int n = nums.Length; + memo = new int[n]; + Array.Fill(memo, -1); + + int maxLIS = 1; + for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { + maxLIS = Math.Max(maxLIS, Dfs(nums, i)); + } + return maxLIS; + } + + private int Dfs(int[] nums, int i) { + if (memo[i] != -1) { + return memo[i]; + } + + int LIS = 1; + for (int j = i + 1; j < nums.Length; j++) { + if (nums[i] < nums[j]) { + LIS = Math.Max(LIS, 1 + Dfs(nums, j)); + } + } + + memo[i] = LIS; + return LIS; + } +} +``` + +```go +func lengthOfLIS(nums []int) int { + n := len(nums) + memo := make([]int, n) + for i := range memo { + memo[i] = -1 + } + + var dfs func(int) int + dfs = func(i int) int { + if memo[i] != -1 { + return memo[i] + } + + LIS := 1 + for j := i + 1; j < n; j++ { + if nums[i] < nums[j] { + LIS = max(LIS, 1+dfs(j)) + } + } + + memo[i] = LIS + return LIS + } + + maxLIS := 1 + for i := 0; i < n; i++ { + maxLIS = max(maxLIS, dfs(i)) + } + + return maxLIS +} + +func max(a, b int) int { + if a > b { + return a + } + return b +} +``` + +```kotlin +class Solution { + private lateinit var memo: IntArray + + fun lengthOfLIS(nums: IntArray): Int { + val n = nums.size + memo = IntArray(n) { -1 } + + var maxLIS = 1 + for (i in nums.indices) { + maxLIS = maxOf(maxLIS, dfs(nums, i)) + } + return maxLIS + } + + private fun dfs(nums: IntArray, i: Int): Int { + if (memo[i] != -1) { + return memo[i] + } + + var LIS = 1 + for (j in i + 1 until nums.size) { + if (nums[i] < nums[j]) { + LIS = maxOf(LIS, 1 + dfs(nums, j)) + } + } + + memo[i] = LIS + return LIS + } +} +``` + +```swift +class Solution { + func lengthOfLIS(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + let n = nums.count + var memo = Array(repeating: -1, count: n) + + func dfs(_ i: Int) -> Int { + if memo[i] != -1 { + return memo[i] + } + + var LIS = 1 + for j in (i + 1)..= 0; i--) { + for (int j = i - 1; j >= -1; j--) { + int LIS = dp[i + 1][j + 1]; // Not including nums[i] + + if (j == -1 || nums[j] < nums[i]) { + LIS = Math.max(LIS, 1 + dp[i + 1][i + 1]); // Including nums[i] + } + + dp[i][j + 1] = LIS; + } + } + + return dp[0][0]; + } +} +``` + +```cpp +class Solution { +public: + int lengthOfLIS(vector& nums) { + int n = nums.size(); + vector> dp(n + 1, vector(n + 1, 0)); + + for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; --i) { + for (int j = i - 1; j >= -1; --j) { + int LIS = dp[i + 1][j + 1]; // Not including nums[i] + + if (j == -1 || nums[j] < nums[i]) { + LIS = max(LIS, 1 + dp[i + 1][i + 1]); // Including nums[i] + } + + dp[i][j + 1] = LIS; + } + } + + return dp[0][0]; + } +}; +``` + +```javascript +class Solution { + /** + * @param {number[]} nums + * @return {number} + */ + lengthOfLIS(nums) { + const n = nums.length; + const dp = Array.from({ length: n + 1 }, () => new Array(n + 1).fill(0)); + + for (let i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) { + for (let j = i - 1; j >= -1; j--) { + let LIS = dp[i + 1][j + 1]; // Not including nums[i] + + if (j === -1 || nums[j] < nums[i]) { + LIS = Math.max(LIS, 1 + dp[i + 1][i + 1]); // Including nums[i] + } + + dp[i][j + 1] = LIS; + } + } + + return dp[0][0]; + } +} +``` + +```csharp +public class Solution { + public int LengthOfLIS(int[] nums) { + int n = nums.Length; + int[,] dp = new int[n + 1, n + 1]; + + for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) { + for (int j = i - 1; j >= -1; j--) { + int LIS = dp[i + 1, j + 1]; // Not including nums[i] + + if (j == -1 || nums[j] < nums[i]) { + LIS = Math.Max(LIS, 1 + dp[i + 1, i + 1]); // Including nums[i] + } + + dp[i, j + 1] = LIS; + } + } + + return dp[0, 0]; + } +} +``` + +```go +func lengthOfLIS(nums []int) int { + n := len(nums) + dp := make([][]int, n+1) + for i := range dp { + dp[i] = make([]int, n+1) + } + + for i := n - 1; i >= 0; i-- { + for j := i - 1; j >= -1; j-- { + LIS := dp[i+1][j+1] // Not including nums[i] + + if j == -1 || nums[j] < nums[i] { + LIS = max(LIS, 1+dp[i+1][i+1]) // Including nums[i] + } + + dp[i][j+1] = LIS + } + } + + return dp[0][0] +} + +func max(a, b int) int { + if a > b { + return a + } + return b +} +``` + +```kotlin +class Solution { + fun lengthOfLIS(nums: IntArray): Int { + val n = nums.size + val dp = Array(n + 1) { IntArray(n + 1) } + + for (i in n - 1 downTo 0) { + for (j in i - 1 downTo -1) { + var LIS = dp[i + 1][j + 1] // Not including nums[i] + + if (j == -1 || nums[j] < nums[i]) { + LIS = maxOf(LIS, 1 + dp[i + 1][i + 1]) // Including nums[i] + } + + dp[i][j + 1] = LIS + } + } + + return dp[0][0] + } +} +``` + +```swift +class Solution { + func lengthOfLIS(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + let n = nums.count + var dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: 0, count: n + 1), count: n + 1) + + for i in stride(from: n - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + for j in stride(from: i - 1, through: -1, by: -1) { + var LIS = dp[i + 1][j + 1] // Not including nums[i] + + if j == -1 || nums[j] < nums[i] { + LIS = max(LIS, 1 + dp[i + 1][i + 1]) // Including nums[i] + } + + dp[i][j + 1] = LIS + } + } + + return dp[0][0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -419,7 +943,7 @@ class Solution { --- -## 3. Dynamic Programming (Bottom-Up) +## 5. Dynamic Programming (Bottom-Up) - II ::tabs-start @@ -556,6 +1080,23 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func lengthOfLIS(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + var LIS = Array(repeating: 1, count: nums.count) + + for i in stride(from: nums.count - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + for j in (i + 1)..> 1 + while j >= 1 { + tree[j] = max(tree[j << 1], tree[j << 1 | 1]) + j >>= 1 + } + } + + func query(_ l: Int, _ r: Int) -> Int { + if l > r { + return 0 + } + var res = Int.min + var l = l + n + var r = r + n + 1 + while l < r { + if l & 1 == 1 { + res = max(res, tree[l]) + l += 1 + } + if r & 1 == 1 { + r -= 1 + res = max(res, tree[r]) + } + l >>= 1 + r >>= 1 + } + return res + } +} + +class Solution { + func lengthOfLIS(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + func compress(_ arr: [Int]) -> [Int] { + let sortedArr = Array(Set(arr)).sorted() + return arr.map { sortedArr.firstIndex(of: $0)! } + } + + let nums = compress(nums) + let n = nums.count + let segTree = SegmentTree(n) + + var LIS = 0 + for num in nums { + let curLIS = segTree.query(0, num - 1) + 1 + segTree.update(num, curLIS) + LIS = max(LIS, curLIS) + } + return LIS + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1059,7 +1667,7 @@ class Solution { --- -## 5. Binary Search +## 7. Dynamic Programming + Binary Search ::tabs-start @@ -1237,6 +1845,39 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func lengthOfLIS(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + var dp = [nums[0]] + var LIS = 1 + + for i in 1.. Int { + var left = 0, right = dp.count - 1 + while left < right { + let mid = (left + right) / 2 + if dp[mid] < target { + left = mid + 1 + } else { + right = mid + } + } + return left + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/longest-palindromic-substring.md b/articles/longest-palindromic-substring.md index 715d7c512..1d0f82c17 100644 --- a/articles/longest-palindromic-substring.md +++ b/articles/longest-palindromic-substring.md @@ -180,12 +180,38 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func longestPalindrome(_ s: String) -> String { + let chars = Array(s) + var res = "" + var resLen = 0 + + for i in 0..= r && resLen < (j - i + 1) { + res = String(chars[i...j]) + resLen = j - i + 1 + } + } + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(n ^ 3)$ -* Space complexity: $O(1)$ +* Space complexity: $O(n)$ --- @@ -377,6 +403,31 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func longestPalindrome(_ s: String) -> String { + let chars = Array(s) + let n = chars.count + var resIdx = 0, resLen = 0 + var dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: false, count: n), count: n) + + for i in stride(from: n - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + for j in i.. String { + let chars = Array(s) + var resIdx = 0 + var resLen = 0 + + for i in 0..= 0 && r < chars.count && chars[l] == chars[r] { + if (r - l + 1) > resLen { + resIdx = l + resLen = r - l + 1 + } + l -= 1 + r += 1 + } + + // Even length palindrome + l = i + r = i + 1 + while l >= 0 && r < chars.count && chars[l] == chars[r] { + if (r - l + 1) > resLen { + resIdx = l + resLen = r - l + 1 + } + l -= 1 + r += 1 + } + } + + return String(chars[resIdx.. String { + func manacher(_ s: String) -> [Int] { + let t = "#" + s.map { String($0) }.joined(separator: "#") + "#" + let tArray = Array(t) + let n = tArray.count + var p = [Int](repeating: 0, count: n) + var l = 0, r = 0 + + for i in 0..= 0 && + tArray[i + p[i] + 1] == tArray[i - p[i] - 1]) { + p[i] += 1 + } + if i + p[i] > r { + l = i - p[i] + r = i + p[i] + } + } + return p + } + + let p = manacher(s) + var resLen = 0, centerIndex = 0 + for (i, v) in p.enumerated() { + if v > resLen { + resLen = v + centerIndex = i + } + } + let resIdx = (centerIndex - resLen) / 2 + let start = s.index(s.startIndex, offsetBy: resIdx) + let end = s.index(start, offsetBy: resLen) + return String(s[start.. Int { + var res = 0 + let chars = Array(s) + + for i in 0.. Int { + var res = 0 + let charSet = Set(s) + let chars = Array(s) + + for c in charSet { + var count = 0, l = 0 + + for r in 0.. k { + if chars[l] == c { + count -= 1 + } + l += 1 + } + + res = max(res, r - l + 1) + } + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -563,6 +617,30 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func characterReplacement(_ s: String, _ k: Int) -> Int { + var count = [Character: Int]() + var res = 0 + var l = 0, maxf = 0 + let chars = Array(s) + + for r in 0.. k { + count[chars[l], default: 0] -= 1 + l += 1 + } + res = max(res, r - l + 1) + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/longest-substring-without-duplicates.md b/articles/longest-substring-without-duplicates.md index a37747ed3..3d197dc21 100644 --- a/articles/longest-substring-without-duplicates.md +++ b/articles/longest-substring-without-duplicates.md @@ -137,6 +137,27 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```kotlin +class Solution { + func lengthOfLongestSubstring(_ s: String) -> Int { + var res = 0 + let chars = Array(s) + + for i in 0..() + for j in i.. Int { + var charSet = Set() + var l = 0, res = 0 + let chars = Array(s) + + for r in 0.. Int { + var mp = [Character: Int]() + var l = 0, res = 0 + let chars = Array(s) + + for r in 0.. TreeNode? { + guard let root = root, let p = p, let q = q else { + return nil + } + + if max(p.val, q.val) < root.val { + return lowestCommonAncestor(root.left, p, q) + } else if min(p.val, q.val) > root.val { + return lowestCommonAncestor(root.right, p, q) + } else { + return root + } + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -436,6 +468,41 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init(_ val: Int) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = nil + * self.right = nil + * } + * } + */ + +class Solution { + func lowestCommonAncestor(_ root: TreeNode?, _ p: TreeNode?, _ q: TreeNode?) -> TreeNode? { + var cur = root + + while let node = cur { + if let p = p, let q = q { + if p.val > node.val && q.val > node.val { + cur = node.right + } else if p.val < node.val && q.val < node.val { + cur = node.left + } else { + return node + } + } + } + return nil + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/lru-cache.md b/articles/lru-cache.md index d93c79886..2bd939f9c 100644 --- a/articles/lru-cache.md +++ b/articles/lru-cache.md @@ -279,6 +279,46 @@ class LRUCache(capacity: Int) { } ``` +```swift +class LRUCache { + private var cache: [(Int, Int)] + private let capacity: Int + + init(_ capacity: Int) { + self.cache = [] + self.capacity = capacity + } + + func get(_ key: Int) -> Int { + for i in 0.. Int { + if let node = cache[key] { + remove(node) + insert(node) + return node.val + } + return -1 + } + + func put(_ key: Int, _ value: Int) { + if let node = cache[key] { + remove(node) + } + let newNode = Node(key, value) + cache[key] = newNode + insert(newNode) + + if cache.count > cap { + if let lru = left.next { + remove(lru) + cache.removeValue(forKey: lru.key) + } + } + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1002,6 +1112,45 @@ class LRUCache(capacity: Int) { } ``` +```swift +class LRUCache { + private var capacity: Int + private var cache: [Int: Int] = [:] + private var keyOrder: [Int] = [] + + init(_ capacity: Int) { + self.capacity = capacity + } + + func get(_ key: Int) -> Int { + if let value = cache[key] { + if let index = keyOrder.firstIndex(of: key) { + keyOrder.remove(at: index) + } + keyOrder.append(key) + return value + } + return -1 + } + + func put(_ key: Int, _ value: Int) { + if cache[key] != nil { + if let index = keyOrder.firstIndex(of: key) { + keyOrder.remove(at: index) + } + } else if cache.count >= capacity { + if let lruKey = keyOrder.first { + cache.removeValue(forKey: lruKey) + keyOrder.removeFirst() + } + } + + cache[key] = value + keyOrder.append(key) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/max-area-of-island.md b/articles/max-area-of-island.md index 22f9f8b53..cb69ca56d 100644 --- a/articles/max-area-of-island.md +++ b/articles/max-area-of-island.md @@ -232,6 +232,34 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func maxAreaOfIsland(_ grid: [[Int]]) -> Int { + let ROWS = grid.count + let COLS = grid[0].count + var visit = Set<[Int]>() + var grid = grid + + func dfs(_ r: Int, _ c: Int) -> Int { + if (r < 0 || r == ROWS || c < 0 || c == COLS || + grid[r][c] == 0 || visit.contains([r, c])) { + return 0 + } + visit.insert([r, c]) + return 1 + dfs(r + 1, c) + dfs(r - 1, c) + dfs(r, c + 1) + dfs(r, c - 1) + } + + var area = 0 + for r in 0.. Int { + let directions = [[1, 0], [-1, 0], [0, 1], [0, -1]] + let ROWS = grid.count + let COLS = grid[0].count + var grid = grid + var area = 0 + + func bfs(_ r: Int, _ c: Int) -> Int { + var queue = Deque<(Int, Int)>() + grid[r][c] = 0 + queue.append((r, c)) + var res = 1 + + while !queue.isEmpty { + let (row, col) = queue.popFirst()! + for dir in directions { + let nr = row + dir[0] + let nc = col + dir[1] + if nr < 0 || nc < 0 || nr >= ROWS || nc >= COLS || grid[nr][nc] == 0 { + continue + } + queue.append((nr, nc)) + grid[nr][nc] = 0 + res += 1 + } + } + return res + } + + for r in 0.. Int { + if parent[node] != node { + parent[node] = find(parent[node]) + } + return parent[node] + } + + func union(_ u: Int, _ v: Int) -> Bool { + let pu = find(u) + let pv = find(v) + if pu == pv { + return false + } + if size[pu] >= size[pv] { + size[pu] += size[pv] + parent[pv] = pu + } else { + size[pv] += size[pu] + parent[pu] = pv + } + return true + } + + func getSize(_ node: Int) -> Int { + let par = find(node) + return size[par] + } +} + +class Solution { + func maxAreaOfIsland(_ grid: [[Int]]) -> Int { + var grid = grid + let ROWS = grid.count + let COLS = grid[0].count + let dsu = DSU(ROWS * COLS) + + func index(_ r: Int, _ c: Int) -> Int { + return r * COLS + c + } + + let directions = [(1, 0), (-1, 0), (0, 1), (0, -1)] + var area = 0 + + for r in 0..= ROWS || nc >= COLS || grid[nr][nc] == 0 { + continue + } + dsu.union(index(r, c), index(nr, nc)) + } + area = max(area, dsu.getSize(index(r, c))) + } + } + } + + return area + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/max-water-container.md b/articles/max-water-container.md index dfd046f07..bb1ea6083 100644 --- a/articles/max-water-container.md +++ b/articles/max-water-container.md @@ -110,6 +110,20 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func maxArea(_ heights: [Int]) -> Int { + var res = 0 + for i in 0.. Int { + var l = 0, r = heights.count - 1 + var res = 0 + + while l < r { + let area = min(heights[l], heights[r]) * (r - l) + res = max(res, area) + if heights[l] <= heights[r] { + l += 1 + } else { + r -= 1 + } + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/maximum-product-subarray.md b/articles/maximum-product-subarray.md index 5f5f0e299..f163b341f 100644 --- a/articles/maximum-product-subarray.md +++ b/articles/maximum-product-subarray.md @@ -137,6 +137,25 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func maxProduct(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + var res = nums[0] + + for i in 0.. Int { + var A = [[Int]]() + var cur = [Int]() + var res = Int.min + + for num in nums { + res = max(res, num) + if num == 0 { + if !cur.isEmpty { + A.append(cur) + } + cur = [] + } else { + cur.append(num) + } + } + + if !cur.isEmpty { + A.append(cur) + } + + for sub in A { + let negsCount = sub.filter { $0 < 0 }.count + var prod = 1 + var need = negsCount % 2 == 0 ? negsCount : negsCount - 1 + var negs = 0 + var j = 0 + + for i in 0.. need { + prod /= sub[j] + if sub[j] < 0 { + negs -= 1 + } + j += 1 + } + } + if j <= i { + res = max(res, prod) + } + } + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -642,6 +714,23 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func maxProduct(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + var res = nums[0] + var curMin = 1, curMax = 1 + + for num in nums { + let tmp = curMax * num + curMax = max(num * curMax, num * curMin, num) + curMin = min(tmp, num * curMin, num) + res = max(res, curMax) + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -791,6 +880,23 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func maxProduct(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + let n = nums.count + var res = nums[0] + var prefix = 0, suffix = 0 + + for i in 0.. Int { + let n = nums.count + var res = nums[0] + + for i in 0.. Int { + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ flag: Bool) -> Int { + if i == nums.count { + return flag ? 0 : Int.min + } + + if flag { + return max(0, nums[i] + dfs(i + 1, true)) + } + + return max(dfs(i + 1, false), nums[i] + dfs(i + 1, true)) + } + + return dfs(0, false) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -449,6 +488,33 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func maxSubArray(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + var memo = Array(repeating: [Int?](repeating: nil, count: 2), count: nums.count + 1) + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ flag: Bool) -> Int { + if i == nums.count { + return flag ? 0 : Int.min + } + if let value = memo[i][flag ? 1 : 0] { + return value + } + + if flag { + memo[i][flag ? 1 : 0] = max(0, nums[i] + dfs(i + 1, true)) + } else { + memo[i][flag ? 1 : 0] = max(dfs(i + 1, false), nums[i] + dfs(i + 1, true)) + } + + return memo[i][flag ? 1 : 0]! + } + + return dfs(0, false) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -594,6 +660,24 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func maxSubArray(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + let n = nums.count + var dp = Array(repeating: [0, 0], count: n) + dp[n - 1][1] = nums[n - 1] + dp[n - 1][0] = nums[n - 1] + + for i in (0.. Int { + var dp = nums + + for i in 1.. Int { + var maxSub = nums[0] + var curSum = 0 + + for num in nums { + if curSum < 0 { + curSum = 0 + } + curSum += num + maxSub = max(maxSub, curSum) + } + + return maxSub + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1092,6 +1209,39 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func maxSubArray(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + + func dfs(_ l: Int, _ r: Int) -> Int { + if l > r { + return Int.min + } + + let m = (l + r) / 2 + var leftSum = 0 + var rightSum = 0 + var curSum = 0 + + for i in stride(from: m - 1, through: l, by: -1) { + curSum += nums[i] + leftSum = max(leftSum, curSum) + } + + curSum = 0 + for i in stride(from: m + 1, to: r + 1, by: 1) { + curSum += nums[i] + rightSum = max(rightSum, curSum) + } + + return max(dfs(l, m - 1), dfs(m + 1, r), leftSum + nums[m] + rightSum) + } + + return dfs(0, nums.count - 1) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/median-of-two-sorted-arrays.md b/articles/median-of-two-sorted-arrays.md index 6fb01b6af..3ac051111 100644 --- a/articles/median-of-two-sorted-arrays.md +++ b/articles/median-of-two-sorted-arrays.md @@ -127,6 +127,22 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findMedianSortedArrays(_ nums1: [Int], _ nums2: [Int]) -> Double { + var merged = nums1 + nums2 + merged.sort() + + let totalLen = merged.count + if totalLen % 2 == 0 { + return (Double(merged[totalLen / 2 - 1]) + Double(merged[totalLen / 2])) / 2.0 + } else { + return Double(merged[totalLen / 2]) + } + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -391,6 +407,41 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```kotlin +class Solution { + func findMedianSortedArrays(_ nums1: [Int], _ nums2: [Int]) -> Double { + let len1 = nums1.count, len2 = nums2.count + var i = 0, j = 0 + var median1 = 0, median2 = 0 + + for _ in 0..<(len1 + len2) / 2 + 1 { + median2 = median1 + if i < len1 && j < len2 { + if nums1[i] > nums2[j] { + median1 = nums2[j] + j += 1 + } else { + median1 = nums1[i] + i += 1 + } + } else if i < len1 { + median1 = nums1[i] + i += 1 + } else { + median1 = nums2[j] + j += 1 + } + } + + if (len1 + len2) % 2 == 1 { + return Double(median1) + } else { + return (Double(median1) + Double(median2)) / 2.0 + } + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -653,12 +704,44 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func getKth(_ a: [Int], _ m: Int, _ b: [Int], _ n: Int, _ k: Int, _ aStart: Int = 0, _ bStart: Int = 0) -> Int { + if m > n { + return getKth(b, n, a, m, k, bStart, aStart) + } + if m == 0 { + return b[bStart + k - 1] + } + if k == 1 { + return min(a[aStart], b[bStart]) + } + + let i = min(m, k / 2) + let j = min(n, k / 2) + + if a[aStart + i - 1] > b[bStart + j - 1] { + return getKth(a, m, b, n - j, k - j, aStart, bStart + j) + } else { + return getKth(a, m - i, b, n, k - i, aStart + i, bStart) + } + } + + func findMedianSortedArrays(_ nums1: [Int], _ nums2: [Int]) -> Double { + let left = (nums1.count + nums2.count + 1) / 2 + let right = (nums1.count + nums2.count + 2) / 2 + return (Double(getKth(nums1, nums1.count, nums2, nums2.count, left)) + + Double(getKth(nums1, nums1.count, nums2, nums2.count, right))) / 2.0 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(\log (m + n))$ -* Space complexity: $O(\log (m + n))$ +* Space complexity: $O(\log (m + n))$ for recursion stack. > Where $n$ is the length of $nums1$ and $m$ is the length of $nums2$. @@ -969,6 +1052,44 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findMedianSortedArrays(_ nums1: [Int], _ nums2: [Int]) -> Double { + var A = nums1, B = nums2 + if A.count > B.count { + swap(&A, &B) + } + + let total = A.count + B.count + let half = total / 2 + var l = 0 + var r = A.count + + while true { + let i = (l + r) / 2 + let j = half - i + + let Aleft = i > 0 ? Double(A[i - 1]) : -Double.infinity + let Aright = i < A.count ? Double(A[i]) : Double.infinity + let Bleft = j > 0 ? Double(B[j - 1]) : -Double.infinity + let Bright = j < B.count ? Double(B[j]) : Double.infinity + + if Aleft <= Bright && Bleft <= Aright { + if total % 2 == 1 { + return min(Aright, Bright) + } else { + return (max(Aleft, Bleft) + min(Aright, Bright)) / 2.0 + } + } else if Aleft > Bright { + r = i - 1 + } else { + l = i + 1 + } + } + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/meeting-schedule-ii.md b/articles/meeting-schedule-ii.md index ce53b1e92..afd50a48e 100644 --- a/articles/meeting-schedule-ii.md +++ b/articles/meeting-schedule-ii.md @@ -193,6 +193,34 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition of Interval: + * class Interval { + * var start: Int + * var end: Int + * init(start: Int, end: Int) { + * self.start = start + * self.end = end + * } + * } + */ + +class Solution { + func minMeetingRooms(_ intervals: [Interval]) -> Int { + let sortedIntervals = intervals.sorted { $0.start < $1.start } + var minHeap = Heap() + for interval in sortedIntervals { + if !minHeap.isEmpty, let earliest = minHeap.min!, earliest <= interval.start { + minHeap.removeMin() + } + minHeap.insert(interval.end) + } + return minHeap.count + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -414,6 +442,37 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition of Interval: + * class Interval { + * var start: Int + * var end: Int + * init(start: Int, end: Int) { + * self.start = start + * self.end = end + * } + * } + */ + +class Solution { + func minMeetingRooms(_ intervals: [Interval]) -> Int { + var mp = [Int: Int]() + for interval in intervals { + mp[interval.start, default: 0] += 1 + mp[interval.end, default: 0] -= 1 + } + var prev = 0 + var res = 0 + for key in mp.keys.sorted() { + prev += mp[key]! + res = max(res, prev) + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -689,6 +748,40 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition of Interval: + * class Interval { + * var start: Int + * var end: Int + * init(start: Int, end: Int) { + * self.start = start + * self.end = end + * } + * } + */ + +class Solution { + func minMeetingRooms(_ intervals: [Interval]) -> Int { + let starts = intervals.map { $0.start }.sorted() + let ends = intervals.map { $0.end }.sorted() + + var res = 0, count = 0, s = 0, e = 0 + while s < intervals.count { + if starts[s] < ends[e] { + count += 1 + s += 1 + } else { + count -= 1 + e += 1 + } + res = max(res, count) + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -929,6 +1022,47 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition of Interval: + * class Interval { + * var start: Int + * var end: Int + * init(start: Int, end: Int) { + * self.start = start + * self.end = end + * } + * } + */ + +class Solution { + func minMeetingRooms(_ intervals: [Interval]) -> Int { + var times = [(Int, Int)]() + for interval in intervals { + times.append((interval.start, 1)) + times.append((interval.end, -1)) + } + + times.sort { + if $0.0 != $1.0 { + return $0.0 < $1.0 + } else { + return $0.1 < $1.1 + } + } + + var count = 0 + var res = 0 + for t in times { + count += t.1 + res = max(res, count) + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/meeting-schedule.md b/articles/meeting-schedule.md index 735df876a..226a6a70f 100644 --- a/articles/meeting-schedule.md +++ b/articles/meeting-schedule.md @@ -205,6 +205,36 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition of Interval: + * class Interval { + * var start: Int + * var end: Int + * init(start: Int, end: Int) { + * self.start = start + * self.end = end + * } + * } + */ + +class Solution { + func canAttendMeetings(_ intervals: [Interval]) -> Bool { + let n = intervals.count + for i in 0.. max(A.start, B.start) { + return false + } + } + } + return true + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -400,6 +430,32 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition of Interval: + * class Interval { + * var start: Int + * var end: Int + * init(start: Int, end: Int) { + * self.start = start + * self.end = end + * } + * } + */ + +class Solution { + func canAttendMeetings(_ intervals: [Interval]) -> Bool { + let sortedIntervals = intervals.sorted { $0.start < $1.start } + for i in 1.. sortedIntervals[i].start { + return false + } + } + return true + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/merge-intervals.md b/articles/merge-intervals.md index 4ff97b569..100d894b6 100644 --- a/articles/merge-intervals.md +++ b/articles/merge-intervals.md @@ -164,6 +164,28 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func merge(_ intervals: [[Int]]) -> [[Int]] { + let intervals = intervals.sorted { $0[0] < $1[0] } + var output: [[Int]] = [intervals[0]] + + for interval in intervals { + let start = interval[0] + let end = interval[1] + var lastEnd = output.last![1] + + if start <= lastEnd { + output[output.count - 1][1] = max(lastEnd, end) + } else { + output.append([start, end]) + } + } + return output + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -383,6 +405,38 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func merge(_ intervals: [[Int]]) -> [[Int]] { + var mp = [Int: Int]() + + for interval in intervals { + let start = interval[0] + let end = interval[1] + mp[start, default: 0] += 1 + mp[end, default: 0] -= 1 + } + + var res = [[Int]]() + var interval = [Int]() + var have = 0 + + for i in mp.keys.sorted() { + if interval.isEmpty { + interval.append(i) + } + have += mp[i, default: 0] + if have == 0 { + interval.append(i) + res.append(interval) + interval = [] + } + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -678,6 +732,44 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func merge(_ intervals: [[Int]]) -> [[Int]] { + let maxVal = intervals.map { $0[0] }.max() ?? 0 + var mp = [Int](repeating: 0, count: maxVal + 1) + for interval in intervals { + let start = interval[0] + let end = interval[1] + mp[start] = max(end + 1, mp[start]) + } + + var res = [[Int]]() + var have = -1 + var intervalStart = -1 + + for i in 0.. ListNode? { + var nodes: [Int] = [] + + for list in lists { + var lst = list + while lst != nil { + nodes.append(lst!.val) + lst = lst?.next + } + } + + nodes.sort() + + let dummy = ListNode(0) + var cur = dummy + for node in nodes { + cur.next = ListNode(node) + cur = cur.next! + } + + return dummy.next + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -510,6 +547,47 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for singly-linked list. + * public class ListNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: ListNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ next: ListNode?) { self.val = val; self.next = next; } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func mergeKLists(_ lists: [ListNode?]) -> ListNode? { + var lists = lists + let dummy = ListNode(0) + var cur = dummy + + while true { + var minNodeIndex: Int? = nil + for i in 0.. ListNode? { + if lists.isEmpty { + return nil + } + + var lists = lists + for i in 1.. ListNode? { + let dummy = ListNode(0) + var tail = dummy + var l1 = l1, l2 = l2 + + while l1 != nil && l2 != nil { + if l1!.val < l2!.val { + tail.next = l1 + l1 = l1?.next + } else { + tail.next = l2 + l2 = l2?.next + } + tail = tail.next! + } + + if l1 != nil { + tail.next = l1 + } + if l2 != nil { + tail.next = l2 + } + + return dummy.next + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1157,6 +1288,60 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for singly-linked list. + * public class ListNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: ListNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ next: ListNode?) { self.val = val; self.next = next; } + * } + */ +struct NodeWrapper: Comparable { + let node: ListNode + + init(_ node: ListNode) { + self.node = node + } + + static func < (lhs: NodeWrapper, rhs: NodeWrapper) -> Bool { + return lhs.node.val < rhs.node.val + } + + static func == (lhs: NodeWrapper, rhs: NodeWrapper) -> Bool { + return lhs.node.val == rhs.node.val + } +} + +class Solution { + func mergeKLists(_ lists: [ListNode?]) -> ListNode? { + var heap = Heap() + + for list in lists { + if let node = list { + heap.insert(NodeWrapper(node)) + } + } + + let dummy = ListNode(0) + var tail = dummy + + while let wrapper = heap.popMin() { + tail.next = wrapper.node + tail = tail.next! + + if let next = wrapper.node.next { + heap.insert(NodeWrapper(next)) + } + } + + return dummy.next + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1190,14 +1375,17 @@ class Solution: return None if l == r: return lists[l] + mid = l + (r - l) // 2 left = self.divide(lists, l, mid) right = self.divide(lists, mid + 1, r) + return self.conquer(left, right) def conquer(self, l1, l2): dummy = ListNode(0) curr = dummy + while l1 and l2: if l1.val <= l2.val: curr.next = l1 @@ -1206,10 +1394,12 @@ class Solution: curr.next = l2 l2 = l2.next curr = curr.next + if l1: curr.next = l1 else: curr.next = l2 + return dummy.next ``` @@ -1240,9 +1430,11 @@ class Solution { if (l == r) { return lists[l]; } + int mid = l + (r - l) / 2; ListNode left = divide(lists, l, mid); ListNode right = divide(lists, mid + 1, r); + return conquer(left, right); } @@ -1302,15 +1494,18 @@ private: if (l == r) { return lists[l]; } + int mid = l + (r - l) / 2; ListNode* left = divide(lists, l, mid); ListNode* right = divide(lists, mid + 1, r); + return conquer(left, right); } ListNode* conquer(ListNode* l1, ListNode* l2) { ListNode dummy(0); ListNode* curr = &dummy; + while (l1 && l2) { if (l1->val <= l2->val) { curr->next = l1; @@ -1321,11 +1516,13 @@ private: } curr = curr->next; } + if (l1) { curr->next = l1; } else { curr->next = l2; } + return dummy.next; } }; @@ -1367,9 +1564,11 @@ class Solution { if (l === r) { return lists[l]; } + const mid = Math.floor(l + (r - l) / 2); const left = this.divide(lists, l, mid); const right = this.divide(lists, mid + 1, r); + return this.conquer(left, right); } @@ -1381,6 +1580,7 @@ class Solution { conquer(l1, l2) { const dummy = new ListNode(0); let curr = dummy; + while (l1 && l2) { if (l1.val <= l2.val) { curr.next = l1; @@ -1391,6 +1591,7 @@ class Solution { } curr = curr.next; } + curr.next = l1 ? l1 : l2; return dummy.next; } @@ -1425,9 +1626,11 @@ public class Solution { if (l == r) { return lists[l]; } + int mid = l + (r - l) / 2; ListNode left = Divide(lists, l, mid); ListNode right = Divide(lists, mid + 1, r); + return Conquer(left, right); } @@ -1479,15 +1682,18 @@ func divide(lists []*ListNode, left, right int) *ListNode { if left == right { return lists[left] } + mid := left + (right-left)/2 l1 := divide(lists, left, mid) l2 := divide(lists, mid+1, right) + return conquer(l1, l2) } func conquer(l1, l2 *ListNode) *ListNode { dummy := &ListNode{} curr := dummy + for l1 != nil && l2 != nil { if l1.Val <= l2.Val { curr.Next = l1 @@ -1498,11 +1704,13 @@ func conquer(l1, l2 *ListNode) *ListNode { } curr = curr.Next } + if l1 != nil { curr.Next = l1 } else { curr.Next = l2 } + return dummy.Next } ``` @@ -1526,9 +1734,11 @@ class Solution { private fun divide(lists: Array, left: Int, right: Int): ListNode? { if (left > right) return null if (left == right) return lists[left] + val mid = left + (right - left) / 2 val l1 = divide(lists, left, mid) val l2 = divide(lists, mid + 1, right) + return conquer(l1, l2) } @@ -1537,6 +1747,7 @@ class Solution { var curr = dummy var list1 = l1 var list2 = l2 + while (list1 != null && list2 != null) { if (list1.`val` <= list2.`val`) { curr.next = list1 @@ -1547,12 +1758,68 @@ class Solution { } curr = curr.next!! } + curr.next = list1 ?: list2 return dummy.next } } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for singly-linked list. + * public class ListNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: ListNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ next: ListNode?) { self.val = val; self.next = next; } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func mergeKLists(_ lists: [ListNode?]) -> ListNode? { + if lists.isEmpty { + return nil + } + return divide(lists, 0, lists.count - 1) + } + + private func divide(_ lists: [ListNode?], _ l: Int, _ r: Int) -> ListNode? { + if l > r { + return nil + } + if l == r { + return lists[l] + } + + let mid = l + (r - l) / 2 + let left = divide(lists, l, mid) + let right = divide(lists, mid + 1, r) + return conquer(left, right) + } + + private func conquer(_ l1: ListNode?, _ l2: ListNode?) -> ListNode? { + let dummy = ListNode(0) + var curr = dummy + var l1 = l1, l2 = l2 + + while let node1 = l1, let node2 = l2 { + if node1.val <= node2.val { + curr.next = node1 + l1 = node1.next + } else { + curr.next = node2 + l2 = node2.next + } + curr = curr.next! + } + + curr.next = l1 ?? l2 + return dummy.next + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1602,10 +1869,12 @@ class Solution: tail.next = l2 l2 = l2.next tail = tail.next + if l1: tail.next = l1 if l2: tail.next = l2 + return dummy.next ``` @@ -1653,12 +1922,14 @@ public class Solution { } tail = tail.next; } + if (l1 != null) { tail.next = l1; } if (l2 != null) { tail.next = l2; } + return dummy.next; } } @@ -1710,12 +1981,14 @@ private: } tail = tail->next; } + if (l1) { tail->next = l1; } if (l2) { tail->next = l2; } + return dummy.next; } }; @@ -1762,6 +2035,7 @@ class Solution { mergeList(l1, l2) { const dummy = new ListNode(0); let curr = dummy; + while (l1 && l2) { if (l1.val <= l2.val) { curr.next = l1; @@ -1772,6 +2046,7 @@ class Solution { } curr = curr.next; } + curr.next = l1 ? l1 : l2; return dummy.next; } @@ -1823,12 +2098,14 @@ public class Solution { } tail = tail.next; } + if (l1 != null) { tail.next = l1; } if (l2 != null) { tail.next = l2; } + return dummy.next; } } @@ -1876,11 +2153,13 @@ func mergeList(l1, l2 *ListNode) *ListNode { } tail = tail.Next } + if l1 != nil { tail.Next = l1 } else { tail.Next = l2 } + return dummy.Next } ``` @@ -1928,12 +2207,69 @@ class Solution { } tail = tail.next!! } + tail.next = list1 ?: list2 return dummy.next } } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for singly-linked list. + * public class ListNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: ListNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ next: ListNode?) { self.val = val; self.next = next; } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func mergeKLists(_ lists: [ListNode?]) -> ListNode? { + if lists.isEmpty { + return nil + } + + var lists = lists + + while lists.count > 1 { + var mergedLists: [ListNode?] = [] + + for i in stride(from: 0, to: lists.count, by: 2) { + let l1 = lists[i] + let l2 = i + 1 < lists.count ? lists[i + 1] : nil + mergedLists.append(mergeList(l1, l2)) + } + + lists = mergedLists + } + + return lists[0] + } + + private func mergeList(_ l1: ListNode?, _ l2: ListNode?) -> ListNode? { + let dummy = ListNode(0) + var tail = dummy + var l1 = l1, l2 = l2 + + while let node1 = l1, let node2 = l2 { + if node1.val < node2.val { + tail.next = node1 + l1 = node1.next + } else { + tail.next = node2 + l2 = node2.next + } + tail = tail.next! + } + + tail.next = l1 ?? l2 + return dummy.next + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/merge-triplets-to-form-target.md b/articles/merge-triplets-to-form-target.md index 4fe080b4c..268d8ae9d 100644 --- a/articles/merge-triplets-to-form-target.md +++ b/articles/merge-triplets-to-form-target.md @@ -138,6 +138,27 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func mergeTriplets(_ triplets: [[Int]], _ target: [Int]) -> Bool { + var good = Set() + + for t in triplets { + if t[0] > target[0] || t[1] > target[1] || t[2] > target[2] { + continue + } + for (i, v) in t.enumerated() { + if v == target[i] { + good.insert(i) + } + } + } + + return good.count == 3 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -268,6 +289,28 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func mergeTriplets(_ triplets: [[Int]], _ target: [Int]) -> Bool { + var x = false, y = false, z = false + + for t in triplets { + if t[0] <= target[0] && t[1] <= target[1] && t[2] <= target[2] { + if t[0] == target[0] { x = true } + if t[1] == target[1] { y = true } + if t[2] == target[2] { z = true } + } + + if x && y && z { + return true + } + } + + return false + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/merge-two-sorted-linked-lists.md b/articles/merge-two-sorted-linked-lists.md index bffc3e16f..b65407ade 100644 --- a/articles/merge-two-sorted-linked-lists.md +++ b/articles/merge-two-sorted-linked-lists.md @@ -203,6 +203,36 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for singly-linked list. + * public class ListNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: ListNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ next: ListNode?) { self.val = val; self.next = next; } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func mergeTwoLists(_ list1: ListNode?, _ list2: ListNode?) -> ListNode? { + if list1 == nil { + return list2 + } + if list2 == nil { + return list1 + } + if list1!.val <= list2!.val { + list1!.next = mergeTwoLists(list1!.next, list2) + return list1 + } else { + list2!.next = mergeTwoLists(list1, list2!.next) + return list2 + } + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -473,6 +503,42 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for singly-linked list. + * public class ListNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: ListNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ next: ListNode?) { self.val = val; self.next = next; } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func mergeTwoLists(_ list1: ListNode?, _ list2: ListNode?) -> ListNode? { + let dummy = ListNode(0) + var node = dummy + var l1 = list1 + var l2 = list2 + + while l1 != nil && l2 != nil { + if l1!.val < l2!.val { + node.next = l1 + l1 = l1?.next + } else { + node.next = l2 + l2 = l2?.next + } + node = node.next! + } + + node.next = l1 ?? l2 + + return dummy.next + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/min-cost-climbing-stairs.md b/articles/min-cost-climbing-stairs.md index 3c7139726..9433d007b 100644 --- a/articles/min-cost-climbing-stairs.md +++ b/articles/min-cost-climbing-stairs.md @@ -118,6 +118,21 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func minCostClimbingStairs(_ cost: [Int]) -> Int { + func dfs(_ i: Int) -> Int { + if i >= cost.count { + return 0 + } + return cost[i] + min(dfs(i + 1), dfs(i + 2)) + } + + return min(dfs(0), dfs(1)) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -291,6 +306,27 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func minCostClimbingStairs(_ cost: [Int]) -> Int { + var memo = Array(repeating: -1, count: cost.count) + + func dfs(_ i: Int) -> Int { + if i >= cost.count { + return 0 + } + if memo[i] != -1 { + return memo[i] + } + memo[i] = cost[i] + min(dfs(i + 1), dfs(i + 2)) + return memo[i] + } + + return min(dfs(0), dfs(1)) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -423,6 +459,22 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func minCostClimbingStairs(_ cost: [Int]) -> Int { + let n = cost.count + var dp = Array(repeating: 0, count: n + 1) + + for i in 2...n { + dp[i] = min(dp[i - 1] + cost[i - 1], + dp[i - 2] + cost[i - 2]) + } + + return dp[n] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -523,6 +575,17 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func minCostClimbingStairs(_ cost: inout [Int]) -> Int { + for i in stride(from: cost.count - 3, through: 0, by: -1) { + cost[i] += min(cost[i + 1], cost[i + 2]) + } + return min(cost[0], cost[1]) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/min-cost-to-connect-points.md b/articles/min-cost-to-connect-points.md index 8e9e5226a..6688ee3a1 100644 --- a/articles/min-cost-to-connect-points.md +++ b/articles/min-cost-to-connect-points.md @@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class Solution: ``` ```java -public class DSU { +class DSU { int[] Parent, Size; public DSU(int n) { @@ -398,6 +398,68 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class DSU { + private var parent: [Int] + private var size: [Int] + + init(_ n: Int) { + parent = Array(0...n) + size = Array(repeating: 1, count: n + 1) + } + + func find(_ node: Int) -> Int { + if parent[node] != node { + parent[node] = find(parent[node]) + } + return parent[node] + } + + func union(_ u: Int, _ v: Int) -> Bool { + let pu = find(u) + let pv = find(v) + if pu == pv { + return false + } + if size[pu] < size[pv] { + parent[pu] = pv + size[pv] += size[pu] + } else { + parent[pv] = pu + size[pu] += size[pv] + } + return true + } +} + +class Solution { + func minCostConnectPoints(_ points: [[Int]]) -> Int { + let n = points.count + let dsu = DSU(n) + var edges = [(Int, Int, Int)]() + + for i in 0.. Bool { + return lhs.cost < rhs.cost + } +} + +class Solution { + func minCostConnectPoints(_ points: [[Int]]) -> Int { + let N = points.count + var adj = [Int: [(Int, Int)]]() + + for i in 0..() + var minHeap = Heap() + minHeap.insert(Item(cost: 0, node: 0)) + + while visit.count < N { + guard let item = minHeap.popMin() else { break } + let cost = item.cost + let i = item.node + + if visit.contains(i) { + continue + } + + res += cost + visit.insert(i) + + if let neighbors = adj[i] { + for (neiCost, nei) in neighbors { + if !visit.contains(nei) { + minHeap.insert(Item(cost: neiCost, node: nei)) + } + } + } + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -940,6 +1058,42 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func minCostConnectPoints(_ points: [[Int]]) -> Int { + let n = points.count + var node = 0 + var dist = Array(repeating: 100000000, count: n) + var visit = Array(repeating: false, count: n) + var edges = 0 + var res = 0 + + while edges < n - 1 { + visit[node] = true + var nextNode = -1 + + for i in 0.. [Int] { + var res = [Int]() + + for q in queries { + var cur = -1 + for interval in intervals { + let l = interval[0] + let r = interval[1] + + if l <= q && q <= r { + if cur == -1 || (r - l + 1) < cur { + cur = r - l + 1 + } + } + } + res.append(cur) + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(m * n)$ -* Space complexity: $O(1)$ +* Space complexity: + * $O(1)$ extra space. + * $O(m)$ space for the output array. > Where $m$ is the length of the array $queries$ and $n$ is the length of the array $intervals$. @@ -508,6 +535,78 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +struct Event { + let time: Int + let type: Int // 0: interval start, 1: query, 2: interval end + let size: Int? // interval size for start/end events + let idx: Int? // index for interval (for start/end) or query index (for query) +} + +struct Item: Comparable { + let size: Int + let idx: Int + + static func < (lhs: Item, rhs: Item) -> Bool { + return lhs.size < rhs.size + } +} + +class Solution { + func minInterval(_ intervals: [[Int]], _ queries: [Int]) -> [Int] { + var events = [Event]() + + // Create events for intervals + for (idx, interval) in intervals.enumerated() { + let start = interval[0] + let end = interval[1] + let intervalSize = end - start + 1 + events.append(Event(time: start, type: 0, size: intervalSize, idx: idx)) + events.append(Event(time: end, type: 2, size: intervalSize, idx: idx)) + } + + // Create events for queries + for (i, q) in queries.enumerated() { + events.append(Event(time: q, type: 1, size: nil, idx: i)) + } + + // Sort by time and type (end before query) + events.sort { (a, b) in + if a.time != b.time { + return a.time < b.time + } + return a.type < b.type + } + + // Min heap storing [size, index] + var sizes = Heap() + var ans = Array(repeating: -1, count: queries.count) + var inactive = Array(repeating: false, count: intervals.count) + + for event in events { + if event.type == 0 { // Interval start + let intervalSize = event.size! + let idx = event.idx! + sizes.insert(Item(size: intervalSize, idx: idx)) + } else if event.type == 2 { // Interval end + let idx = event.idx! + inactive[idx] = true + } else { // Query + let queryIdx = event.idx! + while !sizes.isEmpty, inactive[sizes.min!.idx] { + sizes.removeMin() + } + if !sizes.isEmpty { + ans[queryIdx] = sizes.min!.size + } + } + } + + return ans + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -779,6 +878,44 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +struct HeapItem: Comparable { + let size: Int + let end: Int + static func < (lhs: HeapItem, rhs: HeapItem) -> Bool { + if lhs.size == rhs.size { + return lhs.end < rhs.end + } + return lhs.size < rhs.size + } +} + +class Solution { + func minInterval(_ intervals: [[Int]], _ queries: [Int]) -> [Int] { + let sortedIntervals = intervals.sorted { $0[0] < $1[0] } + var minHeap = Heap() + var res = [Int: Int]() + var i = 0 + + for q in queries.sorted() { + while i < sortedIntervals.count && sortedIntervals[i][0] <= q { + let l = sortedIntervals[i][0] + let r = sortedIntervals[i][1] + minHeap.insert(HeapItem(size: r - l + 1, end: r)) + i += 1 + } + + while !minHeap.isEmpty, minHeap.min!.end < q { + minHeap.removeMin() + } + res[q] = minHeap.isEmpty ? -1 : minHeap.min!.size + } + + return queries.map { res[$0] ?? -1 } + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -871,7 +1008,7 @@ class Solution: ``` ```java -public class SegmentTree { +class SegmentTree { int n; int[] tree; int[] lazy; @@ -1471,11 +1608,120 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class SegmentTree { + let n: Int + var tree: [Int] + var lazy: [Int] + let INF = Int.max + + init(_ N: Int) { + self.n = N + self.tree = [Int](repeating: INF, count: 4 * N) + self.lazy = [Int](repeating: INF, count: 4 * N) + } + + // Propagate lazy value at tree index over range [lo, hi] + func propagate(_ treeidx: Int, _ lo: Int, _ hi: Int) { + if lazy[treeidx] != INF { + tree[treeidx] = min(tree[treeidx], lazy[treeidx]) + if lo != hi { + lazy[2 * treeidx + 1] = min(lazy[2 * treeidx + 1], lazy[treeidx]) + lazy[2 * treeidx + 2] = min(lazy[2 * treeidx + 2], lazy[treeidx]) + } + lazy[treeidx] = INF + } + } + + // Update the segment tree over range [left, right] with value val + func update(_ treeidx: Int, _ lo: Int, _ hi: Int, _ left: Int, _ right: Int, _ val: Int) { + propagate(treeidx, lo, hi) + if lo > right || hi < left { + return + } + if lo >= left && hi <= right { + lazy[treeidx] = min(lazy[treeidx], val) + propagate(treeidx, lo, hi) + return + } + let mid = (lo + hi) / 2 + update(2 * treeidx + 1, lo, mid, left, right, val) + update(2 * treeidx + 2, mid + 1, hi, left, right, val) + tree[treeidx] = min(tree[2 * treeidx + 1], tree[2 * treeidx + 2]) + } + + // Query the value at index idx in the original array + func query(_ treeidx: Int, _ lo: Int, _ hi: Int, _ idx: Int) -> Int { + propagate(treeidx, lo, hi) + if lo == hi { + return tree[treeidx] + } + let mid = (lo + hi) / 2 + if idx <= mid { + return query(2 * treeidx + 1, lo, mid, idx) + } else { + return query(2 * treeidx + 2, mid + 1, hi, idx) + } + } + + func update_range(_ left: Int, _ right: Int, _ val: Int) { + update(0, 0, n - 1, left, right, val) + } + + func query_point(_ idx: Int) -> Int { + return query(0, 0, n - 1, idx) + } +} + +class Solution { + func minInterval(_ intervals: [[Int]], _ queries: [Int]) -> [Int] { + var points = [Int]() + // Create events for intervals + for interval in intervals { + points.append(interval[0]) + points.append(interval[1]) + } + // Create events for queries + for q in queries { + points.append(q) + } + + // Compress the coordinates + let sortedPoints = Array(Set(points)).sorted() + var compress = [Int: Int]() + for (i, point) in sortedPoints.enumerated() { + compress[point] = i + } + + // Lazy Segment Tree + let segTree = SegmentTree(sortedPoints.count) + + for interval in intervals { + let start = compress[interval[0]]! + let end = compress[interval[1]]! + let length = interval[1] - interval[0] + 1 + segTree.update_range(start, end, length) + } + + var ans = [Int]() + for q in queries { + let idx = compress[q]! + // Query for minSize + let res = segTree.query_point(idx) + ans.append(res == segTree.INF ? -1 : res) + } + return ans + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O((n + m)\log k)$ -* Space complexity: $O(k)$ +* Space complexity: + * $O(k)$ extra space. + * $O(m)$ space for the output array. > Where $m$ is the length of the array $queries$, $n$ is the length of the array $intervals$ and $k$ is the number of unique points. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/articles/minimum-stack.md b/articles/minimum-stack.md index 28527e995..29041a02c 100644 --- a/articles/minimum-stack.md +++ b/articles/minimum-stack.md @@ -278,6 +278,42 @@ class MinStack() { } ``` +```swift +class MinStack { + private var stack: [Int] = [] + + init() {} + + func push(_ val: Int) { + stack.append(val) + } + + func pop() { + stack.popLast() + } + + func top() -> Int { + return stack.last! + } + + func getMin() -> Int { + var tmp = [Int]() + var mini = stack.last! + + while !stack.isEmpty { + mini = min(mini, stack.last!) + tmp.append(stack.removeLast()) + } + + while !tmp.isEmpty { + stack.append(tmp.removeLast()) + } + + return mini + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -524,6 +560,34 @@ class MinStack() { } ``` +```swift +class MinStack { + private var stack: [Int] = [] + private var minStack: [Int] = [] + + init() {} + + func push(_ val: Int) { + stack.append(val) + let minVal = min(val, minStack.last ?? val) + minStack.append(minVal) + } + + func pop() { + stack.popLast() + minStack.popLast() + } + + func top() -> Int { + return stack.last! + } + + func getMin() -> Int { + return minStack.last! + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -543,14 +607,14 @@ class MinStack: self.min = float('inf') self.stack = [] - def push(self, x: int) -> None: + def push(self, val: int) -> None: if not self.stack: self.stack.append(0) - self.min = x + self.min = val else: - self.stack.append(x - self.min) - if x < self.min: - self.min = x + self.stack.append(val - self.min) + if val < self.min: + self.min = val def pop(self) -> None: if not self.stack: @@ -581,13 +645,13 @@ public class MinStack { stack = new Stack<>(); } - public void push(int x) { + public void push(int val) { if (stack.isEmpty()) { stack.push(0L); - min = x; + min = val; } else { - stack.push(x - min); - if (x < min) min = x; + stack.push(val - min); + if (val < min) min = val; } } @@ -621,9 +685,7 @@ private: std::stack stack; public: - MinStack() { - - } + MinStack() {} void push(int val) { if (stack.empty()) { @@ -755,14 +817,14 @@ func Constructor() MinStack { } } -func (this *MinStack) Push(x int) { +func (this *MinStack) Push(val int) { if len(this.stack) == 0 { this.stack = append(this.stack, 0) - this.min = x + this.min = val } else { - this.stack = append(this.stack, x - this.min) - if x < this.min { - this.min = x + this.stack = append(this.stack, val - this.min) + if val < this.min { + this.min = val } } } @@ -796,8 +858,8 @@ class MinStack() { private var min: Long = Long.MAX_VALUE private val stack = ArrayDeque() - fun push(x: Int) { - val valAsLong = x.toLong() + fun push(`val`: Int) { + val valAsLong = `val`.toLong() if (stack.isEmpty()) { stack.addLast(0L) min = valAsLong @@ -828,6 +890,48 @@ class MinStack() { } ``` +```swift +class MinStack { + private var minVal: Int = Int.max + private var stack: [Int] = [] + + init() {} + + func push(_ val: Int) { + if stack.isEmpty { + stack.append(0) + minVal = val + } else { + stack.append(val - minVal) + if val < minVal { + minVal = val + } + } + } + + func pop() { + if stack.isEmpty { + return + } + + let pop = stack.removeLast() + + if pop < 0 { + minVal -= pop + } + } + + func top() -> Int { + let top = stack.last! + return top > 0 ? top + minVal : minVal + } + + func getMin() -> Int { + return minVal + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/minimum-window-with-characters.md b/articles/minimum-window-with-characters.md index 9e0b36005..887cb769c 100644 --- a/articles/minimum-window-with-characters.md +++ b/articles/minimum-window-with-characters.md @@ -279,6 +279,48 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func minWindow(_ s: String, _ t: String) -> String { + if t.isEmpty { + return "" + } + + var countT = [Character: Int]() + for c in t { + countT[c, default: 0] += 1 + } + + var res = [-1, -1] + var resLen = Int.max + let chars = Array(s) + + for i in 0.. countS[c, default: 0] { + flag = false + break + } + } + + if flag && (j - i + 1) < resLen { + resLen = j - i + 1 + res = [i, j] + } + } + } + + let (l, r) = (res[0], res[1]) + return resLen != Int.max ? String(chars[l...r]) : "" + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -608,6 +650,53 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func minWindow(_ s: String, _ t: String) -> String { + if t.isEmpty { + return "" + } + + var countT = [Character: Int]() + var window = [Character: Int]() + for c in t { + countT[c, default: 0] += 1 + } + + var have = 0, need = countT.count + var res = [-1, -1], resLen = Int.max + let chars = Array(s) + var l = 0 + + for r in 0.. Int { + var nums = nums.sorted() + let n = nums.count + for i in 0.. Int { + let numSet = Set(nums) + let n = nums.count + for i in 0...n { + if !numSet.contains(i) { + return i + } + } + return -1 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -331,6 +361,21 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func missingNumber(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + let n = nums.count + var xorr = n + + for i in 0.. Int { + var res = nums.count + + for i in 0.. String { + if num1 == "0" || num2 == "0" { + return "0" + } + if num1.count < num2.count { + return multiply(num2, num1) + } + + var res = "" + var zero = 0 + let num2Arr = Array(num2) + + for i in stride(from: num2Arr.count - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + let cur = mul(num1, num2Arr[i], zero) + res = add(res, cur) + zero += 1 + } + + return res + } + + func mul(_ s: String, _ d: Character, _ zero: Int) -> String { + var i = s.count - 1 + var carry = 0 + let dInt = Int(String(d))! + let sArr = Array(s) + var cur = [String]() + + while i >= 0 || carry > 0 { + let n = i >= 0 ? Int(String(sArr[i]))! : 0 + let prod = n * dInt + carry + cur.append(String(prod % 10)) + carry = prod / 10 + i -= 1 + } + + let prodStr = cur.reversed().joined() + let zeros = String(repeating: "0", count: zero) + return prodStr + zeros + } + + func add(_ num1: String, _ num2: String) -> String { + let s1 = Array(num1) + let s2 = Array(num2) + var i = s1.count - 1 + var j = s2.count - 1 + var carry = 0 + var res = [String]() + + while i >= 0 || j >= 0 || carry > 0 { + let n1 = i >= 0 ? Int(String(s1[i]))! : 0 + let n2 = j >= 0 ? Int(String(s2[j]))! : 0 + let total = n1 + n2 + carry + res.append(String(total % 10)) + carry = total / 10 + i -= 1 + j -= 1 + } + + return res.reversed().joined() + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -667,6 +733,37 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func multiply(_ num1: String, _ num2: String) -> String { + if num1 == "0" || num2 == "0" { + return "0" + } + + let n1 = Array(num1.reversed()).map { Int(String($0))! } + let n2 = Array(num2.reversed()).map { Int(String($0))! } + var res = [Int](repeating: 0, count: num1.count + num2.count) + + for i1 in 0.. [[String]] { + var res = [[String]]() + var board = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: ".", count: n), count: n) + + func backtrack(_ r: Int) { + if r == n { + let copy = board.map { $0.joined() } + res.append(copy) + return + } + for c in 0.. Bool { + var row = r - 1 + while row >= 0 { + if board[row][c] == "Q" { return false } + row -= 1 + } + + var row1 = r - 1, col1 = c - 1 + while row1 >= 0, col1 >= 0 { + if board[row1][col1] == "Q" { return false } + row1 -= 1 + col1 -= 1 + } + + var row2 = r - 1, col2 = c + 1 + while row2 >= 0, col2 < board.count { + if board[row2][col2] == "Q" { return false } + row2 -= 1 + col2 += 1 + } + + return true + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -666,6 +717,47 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func solveNQueens(_ n: Int) -> [[String]] { + var col = Set() + var posDiag = Set() + var negDiag = Set() + var res = [[String]]() + var board = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: ".", count: n), count: n) + + func backtrack(_ r: Int) { + if r == n { + let copy = board.map { $0.joined() } + res.append(copy) + return + } + + for c in 0.. [[String]] { + var col = Array(repeating: false, count: n) + var posDiag = Array(repeating: false, count: 2 * n) + var negDiag = Array(repeating: false, count: 2 * n) + var res = [[String]]() + var board = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: ".", count: n), count: n) + + func backtrack(_ r: Int) { + if r == n { + let copy = board.map { $0.joined() } + res.append(copy) + return + } + + for c in 0.. [[String]] { + var col = 0 + var posDiag = 0 + var negDiag = 0 + var res = [[String]]() + var board = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: ".", count: n), count: n) + + func backtrack(_ r: Int) { + if r == n { + let copy = board.map { $0.joined() } + res.append(copy) + return + } + + for c in 0.. Int { + var adj = [Int: [(Int, Int)]]() + for time in times { + let u = time[0], v = time[1], w = time[2] + adj[u, default: []].append((v, w)) + } + + var dist = [Int: Int]() + for node in 1...n { + dist[node] = Int.max + } + + func dfs(_ node: Int, _ time: Int) { + if time >= dist[node]! { + return + } + + dist[node] = time + if let neighbors = adj[node] { + for (nei, w) in neighbors { + dfs(nei, time + w) + } + } + } + + dfs(k, 0) + let res = dist.values.max()! + return res == Int.max ? -1 : res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -450,6 +484,34 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func networkDelayTime(_ times: [[Int]], _ n: Int, _ k: Int) -> Int { + let inf = Int.max / 2 + var dist = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: inf, count: n), count: n) + + for time in times { + let u = time[0] - 1, v = time[1] - 1, w = time[2] + dist[u][v] = w + } + for i in 0..= inf ? -1 : res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -621,6 +683,32 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func networkDelayTime(_ times: [[Int]], _ n: Int, _ k: Int) -> Int { + var dist = Array(repeating: Int.max, count: n) + dist[k - 1] = 0 + + for _ in 0.. Int { + var adj = [Int: [(Int, Int)]]() + for time in times { + let u = time[0], v = time[1], w = time[2] + adj[u, default: []].append((v, w)) + } + + var dist = [Int: Int]() + for node in 1...n { + dist[node] = Int.max + } + dist[k] = 0 + + var queue = Deque<(Int, Int)>() + queue.append((k, 0)) + + while !queue.isEmpty { + let (node, time) = queue.popFirst()! + if dist[node]! < time { + continue + } + if let neighbors = adj[node] { + for (nei, w) in neighbors { + if time + w < dist[nei]! { + dist[nei] = time + w + queue.append((nei, time + w)) + } + } + } + } + + let res = dist.values.max()! + return res == Int.max ? -1 : res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1175,6 +1302,53 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +struct Item: Comparable { + let weight: Int + let node: Int + + static func < (lhs: Item, rhs: Item) -> Bool { + return lhs.weight < rhs.weight + } +} + +class Solution { + func networkDelayTime(_ times: [[Int]], _ n: Int, _ k: Int) -> Int { + var edges = [Int: [(Int, Int)]]() + for time in times { + let u = time[0], v = time[1], w = time[2] + edges[u, default: []].append((v, w)) + } + + var minHeap = Heap() + minHeap.insert(Item(weight: 0, node: k)) + var visit = Set() + var t = 0 + + while !minHeap.isEmpty { + let item = minHeap.removeMin() + let w1 = item.weight + let n1 = item.node + + if visit.contains(n1) { + continue + } + visit.insert(n1) + t = w1 + + if let neighbors = edges[n1] { + for (n2, w2) in neighbors { + if !visit.contains(n2) { + minHeap.insert(Item(weight: w1 + w2, node: n2)) + } + } + } + } + return visit.count == n ? t : -1 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/non-cyclical-number.md b/articles/non-cyclical-number.md index 5290a69a7..6b3053011 100644 --- a/articles/non-cyclical-number.md +++ b/articles/non-cyclical-number.md @@ -206,6 +206,36 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isHappy(_ n: Int) -> Bool { + var visit = Set() + var num = n + + while !visit.contains(num) { + visit.insert(num) + num = sumOfSquares(num) + if num == 1 { + return true + } + } + return false + } + + private func sumOfSquares(_ n: Int) -> Int { + var num = n + var output = 0 + + while num > 0 { + let digit = num % 10 + output += digit * digit + num /= 10 + } + return output + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -404,6 +434,34 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isHappy(_ n: Int) -> Bool { + var slow = n + var fast = sumOfSquares(n) + + while slow != fast { + fast = sumOfSquares(fast) + fast = sumOfSquares(fast) + slow = sumOfSquares(slow) + } + return fast == 1 + } + + private func sumOfSquares(_ n: Int) -> Int { + var num = n + var output = 0 + + while num > 0 { + let digit = num % 10 + output += digit * digit + num /= 10 + } + return output + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -636,6 +694,40 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isHappy(_ n: Int) -> Bool { + var slow = n + var fast = sumOfSquares(n) + var power = 1 + var lam = 1 + + while slow != fast { + if power == lam { + slow = fast + power *= 2 + lam = 0 + } + fast = sumOfSquares(fast) + lam += 1 + } + return fast == 1 + } + + private func sumOfSquares(_ n: Int) -> Int { + var num = n + var output = 0 + + while num > 0 { + let digit = num % 10 + output += digit * digit + num /= 10 + } + return output + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/non-overlapping-intervals.md b/articles/non-overlapping-intervals.md index 7970155cb..60f0b89a1 100644 --- a/articles/non-overlapping-intervals.md +++ b/articles/non-overlapping-intervals.md @@ -147,6 +147,28 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func eraseOverlapIntervals(_ intervals: [[Int]]) -> Int { + var intervals = intervals + intervals.sort { $0[0] < $1[0] } + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ prev: Int) -> Int { + if i == intervals.count { + return 0 + } + var res = dfs(i + 1, prev) + if prev == -1 || intervals[prev][1] <= intervals[i][0] { + res = max(res, 1 + dfs(i + 1, i)) + } + return res + } + + return intervals.count - dfs(0, -1) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -365,6 +387,34 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func eraseOverlapIntervals(_ intervals: [[Int]]) -> Int { + var intervals = intervals + intervals.sort { $0[1] < $1[1] } + let n = intervals.count + var memo = [Int: Int]() + + func dfs(_ i: Int) -> Int { + if let result = memo[i] { + return result + } + + var res = 1 + for j in i + 1.. Int { + var intervals = intervals + intervals.sort { $0[1] < $1[1] } + let n = intervals.count + var dp = [Int](repeating: 0, count: n) + + for i in 0.. Int { + var intervals = intervals + intervals.sort { $0[1] < $1[1] } + let n = intervals.count + var dp = [Int](repeating: 0, count: n) + dp[0] = 1 + + func bs(_ r: Int, _ target: Int) -> Int { + var l = 0 + var r = r + while l < r { + let m = (l + r) >> 1 + if intervals[m][1] <= target { + l = m + 1 + } else { + r = m + } + } + return l + } + + for i in 1.. Int { + var intervals = intervals + intervals.sort { $0[0] < $1[0] } + + var res = 0 + var prevEnd = intervals[0][1] + + for i in 1..= prevEnd { + prevEnd = end + } else { + res += 1 + prevEnd = min(end, prevEnd) + } + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1142,6 +1275,28 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func eraseOverlapIntervals(_ intervals: [[Int]]) -> Int { + var intervals = intervals + intervals.sort { $0[1] < $1[1] } + + var prevEnd = intervals[0][1] + var res = 0 + + for i in 1.. intervals[i][0] { + res += 1 + } else { + prevEnd = intervals[i][1] + } + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/number-of-one-bits.md b/articles/number-of-one-bits.md index 9468bf89b..4ea545b0d 100644 --- a/articles/number-of-one-bits.md +++ b/articles/number-of-one-bits.md @@ -99,6 +99,20 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func hammingWeight(_ n: Int) -> Int { + var res = 0 + for i in 0..<32 { + if (1 << i) & n != 0 { + res += 1 + } + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -208,6 +222,20 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func hammingWeight(_ n: Int) -> Int { + var n = n + var res = 0 + while n != 0 { + res += (n & 1) != 0 ? 1 : 0 + n >>= 1 + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -313,6 +341,20 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func hammingWeight(_ n: Int) -> Int { + var n = n + var res = 0 + while n != 0 { + n &= (n - 1) + res += 1 + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -383,6 +425,14 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func hammingWeight(_ n: Int) -> Int { + return n.nonzeroBitCount + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/pacific-atlantic-water-flow.md b/articles/pacific-atlantic-water-flow.md index 1b718571a..1245a570d 100644 --- a/articles/pacific-atlantic-water-flow.md +++ b/articles/pacific-atlantic-water-flow.md @@ -351,6 +351,57 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func pacificAtlantic(_ heights: [[Int]]) -> [[Int]] { + var heights = heights + let ROWS = heights.count + let COLS = heights[0].count + let directions = [(1, 0), (-1, 0), (0, 1), (0, -1)] + + var pacific = false + var atlantic = false + + func dfs(_ r: Int, _ c: Int, _ prevVal: Int) { + if r < 0 || c < 0 { + pacific = true + return + } + if r >= ROWS || c >= COLS { + atlantic = true + return + } + if heights[r][c] > prevVal { + return + } + + let tmp = heights[r][c] + heights[r][c] = Int.max + for dir in directions { + dfs(r + dir.0, c + dir.1, tmp) + if pacific && atlantic { + break + } + } + heights[r][c] = tmp + } + + var res = [[Int]]() + for r in 0.. [[Int]] { + let ROWS = heights.count + let COLS = heights[0].count + var pac = Set<[Int]>() + var atl = Set<[Int]>() + + func dfs(_ r: Int, _ c: Int, _ visit: inout Set<[Int]>, _ prevHeight: Int) { + if (visit.contains([r, c]) || r < 0 || c < 0 || r == ROWS || + c == COLS || heights[r][c] < prevHeight) { + return + } + visit.insert([r, c]) + dfs(r + 1, c, &visit, heights[r][c]) + dfs(r - 1, c, &visit, heights[r][c]) + dfs(r, c + 1, &visit, heights[r][c]) + dfs(r, c - 1, &visit, heights[r][c]) + } + + for c in 0.. [[Int]] { + let ROWS = heights.count + let COLS = heights[0].count + let directions = [(1, 0), (-1, 0), (0, 1), (0, -1)] + + var pac = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: false, count: COLS), count: ROWS) + var atl = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: false, count: COLS), count: ROWS) + + func bfs(_ source: [(Int, Int)], _ ocean: inout [[Bool]]) { + var queue = Deque(source) + while !queue.isEmpty { + let (r, c) = queue.popFirst()! + ocean[r][c] = true + for dir in directions { + let nr = r + dir.0 + let nc = c + dir.1 + if nr >= 0, nr < ROWS, nc >= 0, nc < COLS, + !ocean[nr][nc], heights[nr][nc] >= heights[r][c] { + queue.append((nr, nc)) + } + } + } + } + + var pacific: [(Int, Int)] = [] + var atlantic: [(Int, Int)] = [] + + for c in 0.. [[String]] { + var res = [[String]]() + var part = [String]() + let sArray = Array(s) + + func dfs(_ j: Int, _ i: Int) { + if i >= sArray.count { + if i == j { + res.append(part) + } + return + } + + if isPali(sArray, j, i) { + part.append(String(sArray[j...i])) + dfs(i + 1, i + 1) + part.removeLast() + } + + dfs(j, i + 1) + } + + func isPali(_ s: [Character], _ l: Int, _ r: Int) -> Bool { + var l = l, r = r + while l < r { + if s[l] != s[r] { + return false + } + l += 1 + r -= 1 + } + return true + } + + dfs(0, 0) + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(n * 2 ^ n)$ -* Space complexity: $O(n)$ +* Space complexity: + * $O(n)$ extra space. + * $O(n * 2 ^ n)$ space for the output list. --- -## 2. Backtracking +## 2. Backtracking - II ::tabs-start @@ -562,12 +606,53 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func partition(_ s: String) -> [[String]] { + var res = [[String]]() + var part = [String]() + let sArray = Array(s) + + func dfs(_ i: Int) { + if i >= sArray.count { + res.append(part) + return + } + for j in i.. Bool { + var l = l, r = r + while l < r { + if s[l] != s[r] { + return false + } + l += 1 + r -= 1 + } + return true + } + + dfs(0) + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(n * 2 ^ n)$ -* Space complexity: $O(n)$ +* Space complexity: + * $O(n)$ extra space. + * $O(n * 2 ^ n)$ space for the output list. --- @@ -823,12 +908,51 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func partition(_ s: String) -> [[String]] { + let n = s.count + let sArray = Array(s) + var dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: false, count: n), count: n) + + for l in 1...n { + for i in 0...(n - l) { + dp[i][i + l - 1] = (sArray[i] == sArray[i + l - 1] && + (i + 1 > (i + l - 2) || dp[i + 1][i + l - 2])) + } + } + + var res = [[String]]() + var part = [String]() + + func dfs(_ i: Int) { + if i >= sArray.count { + res.append(part) + return + } + for j in i.. [[String]] { + let n = s.count + let sArray = Array(s) + var dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: false, count: n), count: n) + + for l in 1...n { + for i in 0...(n - l) { + dp[i][i + l - 1] = (sArray[i] == sArray[i + l - 1] && + (i + 1 > (i + l - 2) || dp[i + 1][i + l - 2])) + } + } + + func dfs(_ i: Int) -> [[String]] { + if i >= n { + return [[]] + } + + var ret = [[String]]() + for j in i.. Int { + let chars = Array(s) + var res = 0 + + for i in 0..= r { + res += 1 + } + } + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -313,6 +337,28 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func countSubstrings(_ s: String) -> Int { + let n = s.count + var res = 0 + var dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: false, count: n), count: n) + let chars = Array(s) + + for i in stride(from: n - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + for j in i.. Int { + let chars = Array(s) + var res = 0 + + for i in 0..= 0 && r < chars.count && chars[l] == chars[r] { + res += 1 + l -= 1 + r += 1 + } + + // Even length palindromes + l = i + r = i + 1 + while l >= 0 && r < chars.count && chars[l] == chars[r] { + res += 1 + l -= 1 + r += 1 + } + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -722,6 +798,33 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func countSubstrings(_ s: String) -> Int { + var res = 0 + let chars = Array(s) + + for i in 0.. Int { + var res = 0 + var left = l, right = r + + while left >= 0 && right < s.count && s[left] == s[right] { + res += 1 + left -= 1 + right += 1 + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -982,6 +1085,42 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func countSubstrings(_ s: String) -> Int { + func manacher(_ s: String) -> [Int] { + let t = "#" + s.map { "\($0)#" }.joined() + let chars = Array(t) + let n = chars.count + var p = Array(repeating: 0, count: n) + var l = 0, r = 0 + + for i in 0..= 0, + chars[i + p[i] + 1] == chars[i - p[i] - 1] { + p[i] += 1 + } + if i + p[i] > r { + l = i - p[i] + r = i + p[i] + } + } + return p + } + + let p = manacher(s) + var res = 0 + for i in p { + res += (i + 1) / 2 + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/partition-equal-subset-sum.md b/articles/partition-equal-subset-sum.md index d51654692..6d6fd0caa 100644 --- a/articles/partition-equal-subset-sum.md +++ b/articles/partition-equal-subset-sum.md @@ -194,6 +194,33 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func canPartition(_ nums: [Int]) -> Bool { + let totalSum = nums.reduce(0, +) + if totalSum % 2 != 0 { + return false + } + + let target = totalSum / 2 + let n = nums.count + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ target: Int) -> Bool { + if i >= n { + return target == 0 + } + if target < 0 { + return false + } + + return dfs(i + 1, target) || dfs(i + 1, target - nums[i]) + } + + return dfs(0, target) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -454,6 +481,39 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func canPartition(_ nums: [Int]) -> Bool { + let total = nums.reduce(0, +) + if total % 2 != 0 { + return false + } + + let target = total / 2 + let n = nums.count + var memo = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: -1, count: target + 1), count: n + 1) + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ target: Int) -> Bool { + if target == 0 { + return true + } + if i >= n || target < 0 { + return false + } + if memo[i][target] != -1 { + return memo[i][target] == 1 + } + + let result = dfs(i + 1, target) || dfs(i + 1, target - nums[i]) + memo[i][target] = result ? 1 : 0 + return result + } + + return dfs(0, target) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -702,6 +762,37 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func canPartition(_ nums: [Int]) -> Bool { + let total = nums.reduce(0, +) + if total % 2 != 0 { + return false + } + + let target = total / 2 + let n = nums.count + var dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: false, count: target + 1), count: n + 1) + + for i in 0...n { + dp[i][0] = true + } + + for i in 1...n { + for j in 1...target { + if nums[i - 1] <= j { + dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j] || dp[i - 1][j - nums[i - 1]] + } else { + dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j] + } + } + } + + return dp[n][target] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -940,6 +1031,34 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func canPartition(_ nums: [Int]) -> Bool { + if nums.reduce(0, +) % 2 != 0 { + return false + } + + let target = nums.reduce(0, +) / 2 + var dp = Array(repeating: false, count: target + 1) + var nextDp = Array(repeating: false, count: target + 1) + + dp[0] = true + for num in nums { + for j in stride(from: target, through: 1, by: -1) { + if j >= num { + nextDp[j] = dp[j] || dp[j - num] + } else { + nextDp[j] = dp[j] + } + } + swap(&dp, &nextDp) + } + + return dp[target] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1147,6 +1266,32 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func canPartition(_ nums: [Int]) -> Bool { + if nums.reduce(0, +) % 2 != 0 { + return false + } + + var dp: Set = [0] + let target = nums.reduce(0, +) / 2 + + for i in stride(from: nums.count - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + var nextDP: Set = [] + for t in dp { + if t + nums[i] == target { + return true + } + nextDP.insert(t + nums[i]) + nextDP.insert(t) + } + dp = nextDP + } + return false + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1342,6 +1487,28 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func canPartition(_ nums: [Int]) -> Bool { + if nums.reduce(0, +) % 2 != 0 { + return false + } + + let target = nums.reduce(0, +) / 2 + var dp = Array(repeating: false, count: target + 1) + + dp[0] = true + for num in nums { + for j in stride(from: target, through: num, by: -1) { + dp[j] = dp[j] || dp[j - num] + } + } + + return dp[target] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1366,10 +1533,10 @@ class Solution: target = total // 2 dp = 1 << 0 - + for num in nums: dp |= dp << num - + return (dp & (1 << target)) != 0 ``` diff --git a/articles/partition-labels.md b/articles/partition-labels.md index 5eb089e85..1e4e2b3a1 100644 --- a/articles/partition-labels.md +++ b/articles/partition-labels.md @@ -169,6 +169,31 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func partitionLabels(_ s: String) -> [Int] { + var lastIndex = [Character: Int]() + for (i, c) in s.enumerated() { + lastIndex[c] = i + } + + var res = [Int]() + var size = 0 + var end = 0 + for (i, c) in s.enumerated() { + size += 1 + end = max(end, lastIndex[c]!) + + if i == end { + res.append(size) + size = 0 + } + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/permutation-string.md b/articles/permutation-string.md index 07e79c7ef..482890ee4 100644 --- a/articles/permutation-string.md +++ b/articles/permutation-string.md @@ -149,6 +149,25 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func checkInclusion(_ s1: String, _ s2: String) -> Bool { + let s1Sorted = s1.sorted() + let chars = Array(s2) + + for i in 0.. Bool { + var count1 = [Character: Int]() + for c in s1 { + count1[c, default: 0] += 1 + } + + let need = count1.count + let chars = Array(s2) + + for i in 0.. Where $n$ is the length of the string1 and $m$ is the length of string2. @@ -736,6 +788,61 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func checkInclusion(_ s1: String, _ s2: String) -> Bool { + if s1.count > s2.count { + return false + } + + var s1Count = [Int](repeating: 0, count: 26) + var s2Count = [Int](repeating: 0, count: 26) + let aAscii = Int(Character("a").asciiValue!) + + let s1Array = Array(s1) + let s2Array = Array(s2) + + for i in 0.. [[Int]] { + if nums.isEmpty { + return [[]] + } + + let perms = permute(Array(nums.dropFirst())) + var res = [[Int]]() + + for p in perms { + for i in 0...p.count { + var pCopy = p + pCopy.insert(nums[0], at: i) + res.append(pCopy) + } + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -303,6 +326,28 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func permute(_ nums: [Int]) -> [[Int]] { + var perms: [[Int]] = [[]] + + for num in nums { + var newPerms = [[Int]]() + for p in perms { + for i in 0...p.count { + var pCopy = p + pCopy.insert(num, at: i) + newPerms.append(pCopy) + } + } + perms = newPerms + } + + return perms + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -501,6 +546,35 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func permute(_ nums: [Int]) -> [[Int]] { + var res = [[Int]]() + var pick = [Bool](repeating: false, count: nums.count) + + func backtrack(_ perm: inout [Int]) { + if perm.count == nums.count { + res.append(perm) + return + } + for i in 0.. [[Int]] { + var res = [[Int]]() + + func backtrack(_ perm: inout [Int], _ mask: Int) { + if perm.count == nums.count { + res.append(perm) + return + } + for i in 0.. [[Int]] { + var res = [[Int]]() + var nums = nums + + func backtrack(_ idx: Int) { + if idx == nums.count { + res.append(nums) + return + } + for i in idx.. [Int] { + if digits.isEmpty { + return [1] + } + + var digits = digits + if digits[digits.count - 1] < 9 { + digits[digits.count - 1] += 1 + return digits + } else { + return plusOne(Array(digits.dropLast())) + [0] + } + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -341,6 +359,35 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func plusOne(_ digits: [Int]) -> [Int] { + var digits = digits + var one = 1 + var i = 0 + digits.reverse() + + while one > 0 { + if i < digits.count { + if digits[i] == 9 { + digits[i] = 0 + } else { + digits[i] += 1 + one = 0 + } + } else { + digits.append(one) + one = 0 + } + i += 1 + } + + digits.reverse() + return digits + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -476,6 +523,25 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func plusOne(_ digits: [Int]) -> [Int] { + var digits = digits + let n = digits.count + + for i in stride(from: n - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + if digits[i] < 9 { + digits[i] += 1 + return digits + } + digits[i] = 0 + } + + return [1] + digits + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/pow-x-n.md b/articles/pow-x-n.md index 341e3ae9d..50beeb0f4 100644 --- a/articles/pow-x-n.md +++ b/articles/pow-x-n.md @@ -139,6 +139,25 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func myPow(_ x: Double, _ n: Int) -> Double { + if x == 0 { + return 0 + } + if n == 0 { + return 1 + } + + var res: Double = 1 + for _ in 0..= 0 ? res : 1 / res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -320,12 +339,33 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func myPow(_ x: Double, _ n: Int) -> Double { + func helper(_ x: Double, _ n: Int) -> Double { + if x == 0 { + return 0 + } + if n == 0 { + return 1 + } + + let res = helper(x * x, n / 2) + return n % 2 == 0 ? res : x * res + } + + let res = helper(x, abs(n)) + return n >= 0 ? res : 1 / res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(\log n)$ -* Space complexity: $O(\log n)$ +* Space complexity: $O(\log n)$ for recursion stack. --- @@ -501,6 +541,33 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func myPow(_ x: Double, _ n: Int) -> Double { + if x == 0 { + return 0 + } + if n == 0 { + return 1 + } + + var res: Double = 1 + var base = x + var power = abs(n) + + while power > 0 { + if power & 1 == 1 { + res *= base + } + base *= base + power >>= 1 + } + + return n >= 0 ? res : 1 / res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/products-of-array-discluding-self.md b/articles/products-of-array-discluding-self.md index 1a74a5c68..1370fac97 100644 --- a/articles/products-of-array-discluding-self.md +++ b/articles/products-of-array-discluding-self.md @@ -142,12 +142,37 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func productExceptSelf(_ nums: [Int]) -> [Int] { + let n = nums.count + var res = [Int](repeating: 0, count: n) + + for i in 0.. [Int] { + var prod = 1 + var zeroCount = 0 + + for num in nums { + if num != 0 { + prod *= num + } else { + zeroCount += 1 + } + } + + if zeroCount > 1 { + return [Int](repeating: 0, count: nums.count) + } + + var res = [Int](repeating: 0, count: nums.count) + for (i, num) in nums.enumerated() { + if zeroCount > 0 { + res[i] = num == 0 ? prod : 0 + } else { + res[i] = prod / num + } + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(n)$ -* Space complexity: $O(1)$ since the output array is excluded from space analysis. +* Space complexity: + * $O(1)$ extra space. + * $O(n)$ space for the output array. --- @@ -533,6 +592,34 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func productExceptSelf(_ nums: [Int]) -> [Int] { + let n = nums.count + var res = [Int](repeating: 0, count: n) + var pref = [Int](repeating: 0, count: n) + var suff = [Int](repeating: 0, count: n) + + pref[0] = 1 + suff[n - 1] = 1 + + for i in 1.. [Int] { + var res = [Int](repeating: 1, count: nums.count) + + var prefix = 1 + for i in 0.. [String] { + var adj = [String: [String]]() + for ticket in tickets { + adj[ticket[0], default: []].append(ticket[1]) + } + + for key in adj.keys { + adj[key]?.sort() + } + + var res = ["JFK"] + + func dfs(_ src: String) -> Bool { + if res.count == tickets.count + 1 { + return true + } + guard let destinations = adj[src] else { + return false + } + + var temp = destinations + for i in 0.. [String] { + var adj = [String: [String]]() + for ticket in tickets.sorted(by: { $0[1] > $1[1] }) { + adj[ticket[0], default: []].append(ticket[1]) + } + + var res = [String]() + + func dfs(_ src: String) { + while let destinations = adj[src], !destinations.isEmpty { + let dst = adj[src]!.removeLast() + dfs(dst) + } + res.append(src) + } + + dfs("JFK") + return res.reversed() + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -718,6 +782,31 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findItinerary(_ tickets: [[String]]) -> [String] { + var adj = [String: [String]]() + for ticket in tickets.sorted(by: { $0[1] > $1[1] }) { + adj[ticket[0], default: []].append(ticket[1]) + } + + var stack = ["JFK"] + var res = [String]() + + while !stack.isEmpty { + let curr = stack.last! + if adj[curr] == nil || adj[curr]!.isEmpty { + res.append(stack.removeLast()) + } else { + stack.append(adj[curr]!.removeLast()) + } + } + + return res.reversed() + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/redundant-connection.md b/articles/redundant-connection.md index 81a67ff84..154493da7 100644 --- a/articles/redundant-connection.md +++ b/articles/redundant-connection.md @@ -247,6 +247,45 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findRedundantConnection(_ edges: [[Int]]) -> [Int] { + let n = edges.count + var adj = Array(repeating: [Int](), count: n + 1) + + func dfs(_ node: Int, _ par: Int, _ visit: inout [Bool]) -> Bool { + if visit[node] { + return true + } + + visit[node] = true + for nei in adj[node] { + if nei == par { + continue + } + if dfs(nei, node, &visit) { + return true + } + } + return false + } + + for edge in edges { + let u = edge[0] + let v = edge[1] + adj[u].append(v) + adj[v].append(u) + var visit = Array(repeating: false, count: n + 1) + + if dfs(u, -1, &visit) { + return [u, v] + } + } + return [] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -606,6 +645,62 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findRedundantConnection(_ edges: [[Int]]) -> [Int] { + let n = edges.count + var adj = Array(repeating: [Int](), count: n + 1) + + for edge in edges { + let u = edge[0] + let v = edge[1] + adj[u].append(v) + adj[v].append(u) + } + + var visit = Array(repeating: false, count: n + 1) + var cycle = Set() + var cycleStart = -1 + + func dfs(_ node: Int, _ par: Int) -> Bool { + if visit[node] { + cycleStart = node + return true + } + + visit[node] = true + for nei in adj[node] { + if nei == par { + continue + } + if dfs(nei, node) { + if cycleStart != -1 { + cycle.insert(node) + } + if node == cycleStart { + cycleStart = -1 + } + return true + } + } + return false + } + + dfs(1, -1) + + for edge in edges.reversed() { + let u = edge[0] + let v = edge[1] + if cycle.contains(u) && cycle.contains(v) { + return [u, v] + } + } + + return [] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -895,6 +990,52 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findRedundantConnection(_ edges: [[Int]]) -> [Int] { + let n = edges.count + var indegree = Array(repeating: 0, count: n + 1) + var adj = Array(repeating: [Int](), count: n + 1) + + for edge in edges { + let u = edge[0] + let v = edge[1] + adj[u].append(v) + adj[v].append(u) + indegree[u] += 1 + indegree[v] += 1 + } + + var queue = Deque() + for i in 1...n { + if indegree[i] == 1 { + queue.append(i) + } + } + + while !queue.isEmpty { + let node = queue.popFirst()! + indegree[node] -= 1 + for nei in adj[node] { + indegree[nei] -= 1 + if indegree[nei] == 1 { + queue.append(nei) + } + } + } + + for edge in edges.reversed() { + let u = edge[0] + let v = edge[1] + if indegree[u] == 2 && indegree[v] > 0 { + return [u, v] + } + } + return [] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1212,6 +1353,50 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findRedundantConnection(_ edges: [[Int]]) -> [Int] { + var par = Array(0...edges.count) + var rank = Array(repeating: 1, count: edges.count + 1) + + func find(_ n: Int) -> Int { + var p = par[n] + while p != par[p] { + par[p] = par[par[p]] + p = par[p] + } + return p + } + + func union(_ n1: Int, _ n2: Int) -> Bool { + let p1 = find(n1) + let p2 = find(n2) + + if p1 == p2 { + return false + } + if rank[p1] > rank[p2] { + par[p2] = p1 + rank[p1] += rank[p2] + } else { + par[p1] = p2 + rank[p2] += rank[p1] + } + return true + } + + for edge in edges { + let n1 = edge[0] + let n2 = edge[1] + if !union(n1, n2) { + return [n1, n2] + } + } + return [] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/regular-expression-matching.md b/articles/regular-expression-matching.md index 31b2a26a4..fd4bfda86 100644 --- a/articles/regular-expression-matching.md +++ b/articles/regular-expression-matching.md @@ -184,6 +184,35 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isMatch(_ s: String, _ p: String) -> Bool { + let sArr = Array(s), pArr = Array(p) + let m = sArr.count, n = pArr.count + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ j: Int) -> Bool { + if j == n { + return i == m + } + + let match = i < m && (sArr[i] == pArr[j] || pArr[j] == ".") + + if j + 1 < n && pArr[j + 1] == "*" { + return dfs(i, j + 2) || (match && dfs(i + 1, j)) + } + + if match { + return dfs(i + 1, j + 1) + } + + return false + } + + return dfs(0, 0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -432,6 +461,42 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isMatch(_ s: String, _ p: String) -> Bool { + let sArr = Array(s), pArr = Array(p) + let m = sArr.count, n = pArr.count + var cache = [[Bool?]](repeating: [Bool?](repeating: nil, count: n + 1), count: m + 1) + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ j: Int) -> Bool { + if j == n { + return i == m + } + if let cached = cache[i][j] { + return cached + } + + let match = i < m && (sArr[i] == pArr[j] || pArr[j] == ".") + + if j + 1 < n && pArr[j + 1] == "*" { + cache[i][j] = dfs(i, j + 2) || (match && dfs(i + 1, j)) + return cache[i][j]! + } + + if match { + cache[i][j] = dfs(i + 1, j + 1) + return cache[i][j]! + } + + cache[i][j] = false + return false + } + + return dfs(0, 0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -635,6 +700,34 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isMatch(_ s: String, _ p: String) -> Bool { + let sArr = Array(s), pArr = Array(p) + let m = sArr.count, n = pArr.count + var dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: false, count: n + 1), count: m + 1) + dp[m][n] = true + + for i in stride(from: m, through: 0, by: -1) { + for j in stride(from: n - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + let match = i < m && (sArr[i] == pArr[j] || pArr[j] == ".") + + if j + 1 < n && pArr[j + 1] == "*" { + dp[i][j] = dp[i][j + 2] + if match { + dp[i][j] = dp[i][j] || dp[i + 1][j] + } + } else if match { + dp[i][j] = dp[i + 1][j + 1] + } + } + } + + return dp[0][0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -862,6 +955,38 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isMatch(_ s: String, _ p: String) -> Bool { + let sArr = Array(s), pArr = Array(p) + var dp = Array(repeating: false, count: pArr.count + 1) + dp[pArr.count] = true + + for i in stride(from: sArr.count, through: 0, by: -1) { + var nextDp = Array(repeating: false, count: pArr.count + 1) + nextDp[pArr.count] = (i == sArr.count) + + for j in stride(from: pArr.count - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + let match = i < sArr.count && (sArr[i] == pArr[j] || pArr[j] == ".") + + if j + 1 < pArr.count && pArr[j + 1] == "*" { + nextDp[j] = nextDp[j + 2] + if match { + nextDp[j] = nextDp[j] || dp[j] + } + } else if match { + nextDp[j] = dp[j + 1] + } + } + + dp = nextDp + } + + return dp[0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1096,6 +1221,39 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isMatch(_ s: String, _ p: String) -> Bool { + let sArr = Array(s) + let pArr = Array(p) + var dp = [Bool](repeating: false, count: pArr.count + 1) + dp[pArr.count] = true + + for i in stride(from: sArr.count, through: 0, by: -1) { + var dp1 = dp[pArr.count] + dp[pArr.count] = (i == sArr.count) + + for j in stride(from: pArr.count - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + let match = i < sArr.count && (sArr[i] == pArr[j] || pArr[j] == ".") + var res = false + if j + 1 < pArr.count && pArr[j + 1] == "*" { + res = dp[j + 2] + if match { + res = res || dp[j] + } + } else if match { + res = dp1 + } + dp1 = dp[j] + dp[j] = res + } + } + + return dp[0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/remove-node-from-end-of-linked-list.md b/articles/remove-node-from-end-of-linked-list.md index 141817504..ee936f416 100644 --- a/articles/remove-node-from-end-of-linked-list.md +++ b/articles/remove-node-from-end-of-linked-list.md @@ -216,6 +216,38 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for singly-linked list. + * public class ListNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: ListNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ next: ListNode?) { self.val = val; self.next = next; } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func removeNthFromEnd(_ head: ListNode?, _ n: Int) -> ListNode? { + var nodes: [ListNode] = [] + var cur = head + + while cur != nil { + nodes.append(cur!) + cur = cur?.next + } + + let removeIndex = nodes.count - n + if removeIndex == 0 { + return head?.next + } + + nodes[removeIndex - 1].next = nodes[removeIndex].next + return head + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -490,6 +522,44 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for singly-linked list. + * public class ListNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: ListNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ next: ListNode?) { self.val = val; self.next = next; } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func removeNthFromEnd(_ head: ListNode?, _ n: Int) -> ListNode? { + var N = 0 + var cur = head + while cur != nil { + N += 1 + cur = cur?.next + } + + let removeIndex = N - n + if removeIndex == 0 { + return head?.next + } + + cur = head + for i in 0..<(N - 1) { + if (i + 1) == removeIndex { + cur?.next = cur?.next?.next + break + } + cur = cur?.next + } + return head + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -723,12 +793,44 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for singly-linked list. + * public class ListNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: ListNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ next: ListNode?) { self.val = val; self.next = next; } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func rec(_ head: ListNode?, _ n: inout Int) -> ListNode? { + if head == nil { + return nil + } + + head?.next = rec(head?.next, &n) + n -= 1 + if n == 0 { + return head?.next + } + return head + } + + func removeNthFromEnd(_ head: ListNode?, _ n: Int) -> ListNode? { + var n = n + return rec(head, &n) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(N)$ -* Space complexity: $O(N)$ +* Space complexity: $O(N)$ for recursion stack. --- @@ -964,6 +1066,40 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for singly-linked list. + * public class ListNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: ListNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ next: ListNode?) { self.val = val; self.next = next; } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func removeNthFromEnd(_ head: ListNode?, _ n: Int) -> ListNode? { + let dummy = ListNode(0, head) + var left: ListNode? = dummy + var right: ListNode? = head + var n = n + + while n > 0 { + right = right?.next + n -= 1 + } + + while right != nil { + left = left?.next + right = right?.next + } + + left?.next = left?.next?.next + return dummy.next + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/reorder-linked-list.md b/articles/reorder-linked-list.md index 399860a22..75e0ef82c 100644 --- a/articles/reorder-linked-list.md +++ b/articles/reorder-linked-list.md @@ -260,6 +260,47 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for singly-linked list. + * public class ListNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: ListNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ next: ListNode?) { self.val = val; self.next = next; } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func reorderList(_ head: ListNode?) { + if head == nil { + return + } + + var nodes: [ListNode] = [] + var cur = head + + while cur != nil { + nodes.append(cur!) + cur = cur?.next + } + + var i = 0, j = nodes.count - 1 + while i < j { + nodes[i].next = nodes[j] + i += 1 + if i >= j { + break + } + nodes[j].next = nodes[i] + j -= 1 + } + + nodes[i].next = nil + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -286,10 +327,11 @@ class Solution: def rec(root: ListNode, cur: ListNode) -> ListNode: if not cur: return root - root = rec(root, cur.next) + root = rec(root, cur.next) if not root: return None + tmp = None if root == cur or root.next == cur: cur.next = None @@ -297,8 +339,9 @@ class Solution: tmp = root.next root.next = cur cur.next = tmp + return tmp - + head = rec(head, head.next) ``` @@ -323,10 +366,12 @@ public class Solution { if (cur == null) { return root; } + root = rec(root, cur.next); if (root == null) { return null; } + ListNode tmp = null; if (root == cur || root.next == cur) { cur.next = null; @@ -335,6 +380,7 @@ public class Solution { root.next = cur; cur.next = tmp; } + return tmp; } } @@ -363,10 +409,12 @@ private: if (cur == nullptr) { return root; } + root = rec(root, cur->next); if (root == nullptr) { return nullptr; } + ListNode* tmp = nullptr; if (root == cur || root->next == cur) { cur->next = nullptr; @@ -375,6 +423,7 @@ private: root->next = cur; cur->next = tmp; } + return tmp; } }; @@ -409,10 +458,12 @@ class Solution { if (cur === null) { return root; } + root = this.rec(root, cur.next); if (root === null) { return null; } + let tmp = null; if (root === cur || root.next === cur) { cur.next = null; @@ -421,6 +472,7 @@ class Solution { root.next = cur; cur.next = tmp; } + return tmp; } } @@ -448,10 +500,12 @@ public class Solution { if (cur == null) { return root; } + root = Rec(root, cur.next); if (root == null) { return null; } + ListNode tmp = null; if (root == cur || root.next == cur) { cur.next = null; @@ -460,6 +514,7 @@ public class Solution { root.next = cur; cur.next = tmp; } + return tmp; } } @@ -483,11 +538,12 @@ func reorderList(head *ListNode) { if cur == nil { return root } - root = rec(root, cur.Next) + root = rec(root, cur.Next) if root == nil { return nil } + var tmp *ListNode if root == cur || root.Next == cur { cur.Next = nil @@ -496,6 +552,7 @@ func reorderList(head *ListNode) { root.Next = cur cur.Next = tmp } + return tmp } @@ -521,11 +578,12 @@ class Solution { if (cur == null) { return root } - var updatedRoot = rec(root, cur.next) + var updatedRoot = rec(root, cur.next) if (updatedRoot == null) { return null } + var tmp: ListNode? = null if (updatedRoot == cur || updatedRoot?.next == cur) { cur.next = null @@ -534,6 +592,7 @@ class Solution { updatedRoot.next = cur cur.next = tmp } + return tmp } @@ -542,6 +601,46 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for singly-linked list. + * public class ListNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: ListNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ next: ListNode?) { self.val = val; self.next = next; } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func reorderList(_ head: ListNode?) { + func rec(_ root: ListNode?, _ cur: ListNode?) -> ListNode? { + if cur == nil { + return root + } + + var root = rec(root, cur?.next) + if root == nil { + return nil + } + + var tmp: ListNode? = nil + if root === cur || root?.next === cur { + cur?.next = nil + } else { + tmp = root?.next + root?.next = cur + cur?.next = tmp + } + + return tmp + } + + rec(head, head?.next) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -852,6 +951,51 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for singly-linked list. + * public class ListNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: ListNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ next: ListNode?) { self.val = val; self.next = next; } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func reorderList(_ head: ListNode?) { + var slow = head, fast = head?.next + while fast != nil && fast?.next != nil { + slow = slow?.next + fast = fast?.next?.next + } + + var second = slow?.next + var prev: ListNode? = nil + slow?.next = nil + + while second != nil { + let tmp = second?.next + second?.next = prev + prev = second + second = tmp + } + + var first = head + second = prev + + while second != nil { + let tmp1 = first?.next + let tmp2 = second?.next + first?.next = second + second?.next = tmp1 + first = tmp1 + second = tmp2 + } + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/reverse-a-linked-list.md b/articles/reverse-a-linked-list.md index 98f5ee98d..3a205a543 100644 --- a/articles/reverse-a-linked-list.md +++ b/articles/reverse-a-linked-list.md @@ -200,6 +200,35 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for singly-linked list. + * public class ListNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: ListNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ next: ListNode?) { self.val = val; self.next = next; } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func reverseList(_ head: ListNode?) -> ListNode? { + if head == nil { + return nil + } + + var newHead = head + if head?.next != nil { + newHead = reverseList(head?.next) + head?.next?.next = head + } + head?.next = nil + + return newHead + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -397,6 +426,33 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for singly-linked list. + * public class ListNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: ListNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ next: ListNode?) { self.val = val; self.next = next; } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func reverseList(_ head: ListNode?) -> ListNode? { + var prev: ListNode? = nil + var curr = head + + while curr != nil { + let temp = curr?.next + curr?.next = prev + prev = curr + curr = temp + } + return prev + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/reverse-bits.md b/articles/reverse-bits.md index d5267bf19..84cbe88ce 100644 --- a/articles/reverse-bits.md +++ b/articles/reverse-bits.md @@ -162,6 +162,30 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func reverseBits(_ n: Int) -> Int { + var binary = "" + for i in 0..<32 { + if (n & (1 << i)) != 0 { + binary += "1" + } else { + binary += "0" + } + } + + var res = 0 + for (i, bit) in binary.reversed().enumerated() { + if bit == "1" { + res |= (1 << i) + } + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -266,6 +290,20 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func reverseBits(_ n: Int) -> Int { + var res = 0 + var num = n + for i in 0..<32 { + let bit = (num >> i) & 1 + res |= (bit << (31 - i)) + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -378,6 +416,20 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func reverseBits(_ n: Int) -> Int { + var res = n + res = (res >> 16) | (res << 16) & 0xFFFFFFFF + res = ((res & 0xff00ff00) >> 8) | ((res & 0x00ff00ff) << 8) + res = ((res & 0xf0f0f0f0) >> 4) | ((res & 0x0f0f0f0f) << 4) + res = ((res & 0xcccccccc) >> 2) | ((res & 0x33333333) << 2) + res = ((res & 0xaaaaaaaa) >> 1) | ((res & 0x55555555) << 1) + return res & 0xFFFFFFFF + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/reverse-integer.md b/articles/reverse-integer.md index f6d060a33..c388a821f 100644 --- a/articles/reverse-integer.md +++ b/articles/reverse-integer.md @@ -147,6 +147,25 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func reverse(_ x: Int) -> Int { + let org = x + var x = abs(x) + var res = Int(String(String(x).reversed()))! + + if org < 0 { + res *= -1 + } + if res < Int32.min || res > Int32.max { + return 0 + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -310,6 +329,28 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func reverse(_ x: Int) -> Int { + func rec(_ n: Int, _ rev: Int) -> Int { + if n == 0 { + return rev + } + return rec(n / 10, rev * 10 + n % 10) + } + + let sign = x < 0 ? -1 : 1 + let reversedNum = rec(abs(x), 0) * sign + + if reversedNum < Int32.min || reversedNum > Int32.max { + return 0 + } + + return reversedNum + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -489,6 +530,33 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func reverse(_ x: Int) -> Int { + let MIN = Int32.min + let MAX = Int32.max + + var res = 0 + var num = x + + while num != 0 { + let digit = num % 10 + num /= 10 + + if res > MAX / 10 || (res == MAX / 10 && digit > MAX % 10) { + return 0 + } + if res < MIN / 10 || (res == MIN / 10 && digit < MIN % 10) { + return 0 + } + res = res * 10 + digit + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/reverse-nodes-in-k-group.md b/articles/reverse-nodes-in-k-group.md index ad54de13e..f5836142d 100644 --- a/articles/reverse-nodes-in-k-group.md +++ b/articles/reverse-nodes-in-k-group.md @@ -251,6 +251,47 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for singly-linked list. + * public class ListNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: ListNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ next: ListNode?) { self.val = val; self.next = next; } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func reverseKGroup(_ head: ListNode?, _ k: Int) -> ListNode? { + var cur = head + var group = 0 + + while cur != nil && group < k { + cur = cur!.next + group += 1 + } + + if group == k { + cur = reverseKGroup(cur, k) + + var tempHead = head + while group > 0 { + let tmp = tempHead!.next + tempHead!.next = cur + cur = tempHead + tempHead = tmp + group -= 1 + } + + return cur + } + + return head + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -603,6 +644,57 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for singly-linked list. + * public class ListNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var next: ListNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.next = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ next: ListNode?) { self.val = val; self.next = next; } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func reverseKGroup(_ head: ListNode?, _ k: Int) -> ListNode? { + let dummy = ListNode(0, head) + var groupPrev: ListNode? = dummy + + while true { + guard let kth = getKth(groupPrev, k) else { + break + } + let groupNext = kth.next + + var prev: ListNode? = kth.next + var curr = groupPrev?.next + + while curr !== groupNext { + let tmp = curr?.next + curr?.next = prev + prev = curr + curr = tmp + } + + let tmp = groupPrev?.next + groupPrev?.next = kth + groupPrev = tmp + } + return dummy.next + } + + private func getKth(_ curr: ListNode?, _ k: Int) -> ListNode? { + var curr = curr + var k = k + while curr != nil && k > 0 { + curr = curr?.next + k -= 1 + } + return curr + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/rotate-matrix.md b/articles/rotate-matrix.md index 2f050d984..c7ea787f1 100644 --- a/articles/rotate-matrix.md +++ b/articles/rotate-matrix.md @@ -145,6 +145,27 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func rotate(_ matrix: inout [[Int]]) { + let n = matrix.count + var rotated = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: 0, count: n), count: n) + + for i in 0.. Int { + var grid = grid + var queue = Deque<(Int, Int)>() + var fresh = 0 + var time = 0 + + let ROWS = grid.count + let COLS = grid[0].count + + for r in 0.. 0 && !queue.isEmpty { + let length = queue.count + for _ in 0..= 0 && row < ROWS && col >= 0 && col < COLS && grid[row][col] == 1 { + grid[row][col] = 2 + queue.append((row, col)) + fresh -= 1 + } + } + } + time += 1 + } + + return fresh == 0 ? time : -1 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -704,6 +752,64 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func orangesRotting(_ grid: [[Int]]) -> Int { + var grid = grid + let ROWS = grid.count + let COLS = grid[0].count + var fresh = 0 + var time = 0 + + for r in 0.. 0 { + var flag = false + for r in 0..= 0 && row < ROWS && col >= 0 && + col < COLS && grid[row][col] == 1) { + grid[row][col] = 3 + fresh -= 1 + flag = true + } + } + } + } + } + + if !flag { + return -1 + } + + for r in 0.. Bool { + if p == nil && q == nil { + return true + } + if let p = p, let q = q, p.val == q.val { + return isSameTree(p.left, q.left) && isSameTree(p.right, q.right) + } else { + return false + } + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -444,6 +474,45 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func isSameTree(_ p: TreeNode?, _ q: TreeNode?) -> Bool { + var stack: [(TreeNode?, TreeNode?)] = [(p, q)] + + while !stack.isEmpty { + let (node1, node2) = stack.removeLast() + + if node1 == nil && node2 == nil { + continue + } + if node1 == nil || node2 == nil || node1!.val != node2!.val { + return false + } + + stack.append((node1!.right, node2!.right)) + stack.append((node1!.left, node2!.left)) + } + + return true + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -742,6 +811,51 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func isSameTree(_ p: TreeNode?, _ q: TreeNode?) -> Bool { + var q1 = Deque() + var q2 = Deque() + q1.append(p) + q2.append(q) + + while !q1.isEmpty && !q2.isEmpty { + let nodeP = q1.removeFirst() + let nodeQ = q2.removeFirst() + + if nodeP == nil && nodeQ == nil { + continue + } + if nodeP == nil || nodeQ == nil || nodeP!.val != nodeQ!.val { + return false + } + + q1.append(nodeP!.left) + q1.append(nodeP!.right) + q2.append(nodeQ!.left) + q2.append(nodeQ!.right) + } + + return true + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/search-2d-matrix.md b/articles/search-2d-matrix.md index 722cbe2b6..45181e5df 100644 --- a/articles/search-2d-matrix.md +++ b/articles/search-2d-matrix.md @@ -106,6 +106,21 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func searchMatrix(_ matrix: [[Int]], _ target: Int) -> Bool { + for r in 0.. Bool { + let m = matrix.count + let n = matrix[0].count + var r = 0, c = n - 1 + + while r < m && c >= 0 { + if matrix[r][c] > target { + c -= 1 + } else if matrix[r][c] < target { + r += 1 + } else { + return true + } + } + return false + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -546,6 +582,44 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func searchMatrix(_ matrix: [[Int]], _ target: Int) -> Bool { + let ROWS = matrix.count + let COLS = matrix[0].count + + var top = 0, bot = ROWS - 1 + while top <= bot { + let row = (top + bot) / 2 + if target > matrix[row][COLS - 1] { + top = row + 1 + } else if target < matrix[row][0] { + bot = row - 1 + } else { + break + } + } + + if !(top <= bot) { + return false + } + let row = (top + bot) / 2 + var l = 0, r = COLS - 1 + while l <= r { + let m = (l + r) / 2 + if target > matrix[row][m] { + l = m + 1 + } else if target < matrix[row][m] { + r = m - 1 + } else { + return true + } + } + return false + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -718,6 +792,31 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func searchMatrix(_ matrix: [[Int]], _ target: Int) -> Bool { + let ROWS = matrix.count + let COLS = matrix[0].count + + var l = 0, r = ROWS * COLS - 1 + while l <= r { + let m = l + (r - l) / 2 + let row = m / COLS + let col = m % COLS + + if target > matrix[row][col] { + l = m + 1 + } else if target < matrix[row][col] { + r = m - 1 + } else { + return true + } + } + return false + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/search-for-word-ii.md b/articles/search-for-word-ii.md index d304ea983..519307f04 100644 --- a/articles/search-for-word-ii.md +++ b/articles/search-for-word-ii.md @@ -282,6 +282,53 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findWords(_ board: [[Character]], _ words: [String]) -> [String] { + let ROWS = board.count + let COLS = board[0].count + var res: [String] = [] + var board = board + + func backtrack(_ r: Int, _ c: Int, _ i: Int, _ word: [Character]) -> Bool { + if i == word.count { + return true + } + if r < 0 || c < 0 || r >= ROWS || c >= COLS || board[r][c] != word[i] { + return false + } + + board[r][c] = "*" + let ret = backtrack(r + 1, c, i + 1, word) || + backtrack(r - 1, c, i + 1, word) || + backtrack(r, c + 1, i + 1, word) || + backtrack(r, c - 1, i + 1, word) + board[r][c] = word[i] + return ret + } + + for word in words { + var flag = false + let wordArray = Array(word) + for r in 0.. children; boolean isWord; @@ -743,6 +790,68 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class TrieNode { + var children: [Character: TrieNode] = [:] + var isWord: Bool = false + + func addWord(_ word: String) { + var current = self + for char in word { + if current.children[char] == nil { + current.children[char] = TrieNode() + } + current = current.children[char]! + } + current.isWord = true + } +} + +class Solution { + func findWords(_ board: [[Character]], _ words: [String]) -> [String] { + let root = TrieNode() + for word in words { + root.addWord(word) + } + + let ROWS = board.count + let COLS = board[0].count + var result = Set() + var visited = Set<[Int]>() + + func dfs(_ r: Int, _ c: Int, _ node: TrieNode, _ word: String) { + if r < 0 || c < 0 || r >= ROWS || c >= COLS || + visited.contains([r, c]) || node.children[board[r][c]] == nil { + return + } + + visited.insert([r, c]) + let nextNode = node.children[board[r][c]]! + let newWord = word + String(board[r][c]) + + if nextNode.isWord { + result.insert(newWord) + } + + dfs(r + 1, c, nextNode, newWord) + dfs(r - 1, c, nextNode, newWord) + dfs(r, c + 1, nextNode, newWord) + dfs(r, c - 1, nextNode, newWord) + + visited.remove([r, c]) + } + + for r in 0.. [String] { + let root = TrieNode() + for i in 0.. Int { + return Int(c.asciiValue! - Character("a").asciiValue!) + } + + func dfs(_ r: Int, _ c: Int, _ node: TrieNode) { + if r < 0 || c < 0 || r >= ROWS || c >= COLS || + boardCopy[r][c] == "*" || + node.children[getIndex(boardCopy[r][c])] == nil { + return + } + + let tmp = boardCopy[r][c] + boardCopy[r][c] = "*" + let prev = node + let nextNode = node.children[getIndex(tmp)]! + + if nextNode.idx != -1 { + res.append(words[nextNode.idx]) + nextNode.idx = -1 + nextNode.refs -= 1 + if nextNode.refs == 0 { + prev.children[getIndex(tmp)] = nil + boardCopy[r][c] = tmp + return + } + } + + dfs(r + 1, c, nextNode) + dfs(r - 1, c, nextNode) + dfs(r, c + 1, nextNode) + dfs(r, c - 1, nextNode) + + boardCopy[r][c] = tmp + } + + for r in 0.. Bool { + let ROWS = board.count + let COLS = board[0].count + var path = Set<[Int]>() + let wordArray = Array(word) + + func dfs(_ r: Int, _ c: Int, _ i: Int) -> Bool { + if i == wordArray.count { + return true + } + if (r < 0 || c < 0 || r >= ROWS || c >= COLS || + board[r][c] != wordArray[i] || path.contains([r, c])) { + return false + } + + path.insert([r, c]) + let res = dfs(r + 1, c, i + 1) || + dfs(r - 1, c, i + 1) || + dfs(r, c + 1, i + 1) || + dfs(r, c - 1, i + 1) + path.remove([r, c]) + return res + } + + for r in 0.. Bool { + let ROWS = board.count + let COLS = board[0].count + var visited = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: false, count: COLS), count: ROWS) + let wordArray = Array(word) + + func dfs(_ r: Int, _ c: Int, _ i: Int) -> Bool { + if i == wordArray.count { + return true + } + if (r < 0 || c < 0 || r >= ROWS || c >= COLS || + board[r][c] != wordArray[i] || visited[r][c]) { + return false + } + + visited[r][c] = true + let res = dfs(r + 1, c, i + 1) || + dfs(r - 1, c, i + 1) || + dfs(r, c + 1, i + 1) || + dfs(r, c - 1, i + 1) + visited[r][c] = false + return res + } + + for r in 0.. Bool { + let ROWS = board.count + let COLS = board[0].count + let wordArray = Array(word) + var board = board + + func dfs(_ r: Int, _ c: Int, _ i: Int) -> Bool { + if i == wordArray.count { + return true + } + if (r < 0 || c < 0 || r >= ROWS || c >= COLS || + board[r][c] != wordArray[i] || board[r][c] == "#") { + return false + } + + let temp = board[r][c] + board[r][c] = "#" + let res = dfs(r + 1, c, i + 1) || + dfs(r - 1, c, i + 1) || + dfs(r, c + 1, i + 1) || + dfs(r, c - 1, i + 1) + board[r][c] = temp + return res + } + + for r in 0.. String { + var res = [String]() + + func dfs(_ node: TreeNode?) { + guard let node = node else { + res.append("N") + return + } + res.append("\(node.val)") + dfs(node.left) + dfs(node.right) + } + + dfs(root) + return res.joined(separator: ",") + } + + func deserialize(_ data: String) -> TreeNode? { + var vals = data.split(separator: ",").map { String($0) } + var i = 0 + + func dfs() -> TreeNode? { + if vals[i] == "N" { + i += 1 + return nil + } + let node = TreeNode(Int(vals[i])!) + i += 1 + node.left = dfs() + node.right = dfs() + return node + } + + return dfs() + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -863,6 +918,76 @@ class Codec { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init(_ val: Int) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = nil + * self.right = nil + * } + * } + */ + +class Codec { + + func serialize(_ root: TreeNode?) -> String { + guard let root = root else { + return "N" + } + + var res = [String]() + var queue: Deque = [root] + + while !queue.isEmpty { + let node = queue.removeFirst() + if let node = node { + res.append("\(node.val)") + queue.append(node.left) + queue.append(node.right) + } else { + res.append("N") + } + } + + return res.joined(separator: ",") + } + + func deserialize(_ data: String) -> TreeNode? { + let vals = data.split(separator: ",").map { String($0) } + guard vals[0] != "N" else { + return nil + } + + let root = TreeNode(Int(vals[0])!) + var queue: Deque = [root] + var index = 1 + + while !queue.isEmpty { + let node = queue.popFirst()! + + if vals[index] != "N" { + node.left = TreeNode(Int(vals[index])!) + queue.append(node.left!) + } + index += 1 + + if vals[index] != "N" { + node.right = TreeNode(Int(vals[index])!) + queue.append(node.right!) + } + index += 1 + } + + return root + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/set-zeroes-in-matrix.md b/articles/set-zeroes-in-matrix.md index 5a265e1f5..72cef4283 100644 --- a/articles/set-zeroes-in-matrix.md +++ b/articles/set-zeroes-in-matrix.md @@ -208,6 +208,35 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func setZeroes(_ matrix: inout [[Int]]) { + let rows = matrix.count + let cols = matrix[0].count + var mark = matrix + + for r in 0.. 0 { + matrix[r][0] = 0 + } else { + rowZero = true + } + } + } + } + + for r in 1.. Int { + for i in 0.. Int { + var seen = Set() + + for num in nums { + if seen.contains(num) { + seen.remove(num) + } else { + seen.insert(num) + } + } + + return seen.first! + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -397,6 +435,25 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func singleNumber(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + var nums = nums.sorted() + var i = 0 + + while i < nums.count - 1 { + if nums[i] == nums[i + 1] { + i += 2 + } else { + return nums[i] + } + } + + return nums[i] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -494,6 +551,18 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func singleNumber(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int { + var res = 0 + for num in nums { + res ^= num + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/sliding-window-maximum.md b/articles/sliding-window-maximum.md index c4accb268..a7af08296 100644 --- a/articles/sliding-window-maximum.md +++ b/articles/sliding-window-maximum.md @@ -133,12 +133,32 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func maxSlidingWindow(_ nums: [Int], _ k: Int) -> [Int] { + var output = [Int]() + + for i in 0...(nums.count - k) { + var maxi = nums[i] + for j in i..<(i + k) { + maxi = max(maxi, nums[j]) + } + output.append(maxi) + } + + return output + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(n * k)$ -* Space complexity: $O(1)$ +* Space complexity: + * $O(1)$ extra space. + * $O(n - k + 1)$ space for the output array. > Where $n$ is the length of the array and $k$ is the size of the window. @@ -537,6 +557,64 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class SegmentTree { + private var n: Int + private var tree: [Int] + + init(_ N: Int, _ A: [Int]) { + self.n = N + while (self.n & (self.n - 1)) != 0 { + self.n += 1 + } + self.tree = [Int](repeating: Int.min, count: 2 * self.n) + build(N, A) + } + + private func build(_ N: Int, _ A: [Int]) { + for i in 0.. Int { + var res = Int.min + var l = l + n + var r = r + n + 1 + while l < r { + if l & 1 != 0 { + res = max(res, tree[l]) + l += 1 + } + if r & 1 != 0 { + r -= 1 + res = max(res, tree[r]) + } + l >>= 1 + r >>= 1 + } + return res + } +} + +class Solution { + func maxSlidingWindow(_ nums: [Int], _ k: Int) -> [Int] { + let n = nums.count + let segTree = SegmentTree(n, nums) + var output = [Int]() + + for i in 0...(n - k) { + output.append(segTree.query(i, i + k - 1)) + } + + return output + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -635,8 +713,9 @@ class Solution { ```csharp public class Solution { public int[] MaxSlidingWindow(int[] nums, int k) { - PriorityQueue<(int val, int idx), int> pq = new PriorityQueue<(int val, int idx), int> - (Comparer.Create((a, b) => b.CompareTo(a))); + PriorityQueue<(int val, int idx), int> pq = new PriorityQueue<(int val, int idx), int>( + Comparer.Create((a, b) => b.CompareTo(a)) + ); int[] output = new int[nums.Length - k + 1]; int idx = 0; @@ -700,6 +779,36 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func maxSlidingWindow(_ nums: [Int], _ k: Int) -> [Int] { + var heap = Heap() + var output = [Int]() + + for i in 0..= k - 1 { + while heap.max!.index <= i - k { + heap.removeMax() + } + output.append(heap.max!.num) + } + } + return output + } +} + +struct Item: Comparable { + let num: Int + let index: Int + + static func < (lhs: Item, rhs: Item) -> Bool { + return lhs.num < rhs.num + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -963,6 +1072,41 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func maxSlidingWindow(_ nums: [Int], _ k: Int) -> [Int] { + let n = nums.count + var leftMax = [Int](repeating: 0, count: n) + var rightMax = [Int](repeating: 0, count: n) + + leftMax[0] = nums[0] + rightMax[n - 1] = nums[n - 1] + + for i in 1.. [Int] { + var output = [Int]() + var deque = [Int]() // Index + var l = 0, r = 0 + + while r < nums.count { + while !deque.isEmpty && nums[deque.last!] < nums[r] { + deque.removeLast() + } + deque.append(r) + + if l > deque.first! { + deque.removeFirst() + } + + if (r + 1) >= k { + output.append(nums[deque.first!]) + l += 1 + } + r += 1 + } + + return output + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/spiral-matrix.md b/articles/spiral-matrix.md index 7935874fc..2e82fff76 100644 --- a/articles/spiral-matrix.md +++ b/articles/spiral-matrix.md @@ -198,6 +198,39 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func spiralOrder(_ matrix: [[Int]]) -> [Int] { + var m = matrix.count + var n = matrix[0].count + var res: [Int] = [] + + // append all the elements in the given direction + func dfs(_ row: Int, _ col: Int, _ r: inout Int, _ c: inout Int, _ dr: Int, _ dc: Int) { + if row == 0 || col == 0 { + return + } + + for _ in 0.. [Int] { + var res: [Int] = [] + var left = 0, right = matrix[0].count + var top = 0, bottom = matrix.count + + while left < right && top < bottom { + for i in left.. [Int] { + var res: [Int] = [] + let directions = [(0, 1), (1, 0), (0, -1), (-1, 0)] + var steps = [matrix[0].count, matrix.count - 1] + + var r = 0, c = -1, d = 0 + while steps[d & 1] > 0 { + for _ in 0.. String { + if strs.isEmpty { return "" } + + var sizes: [Int] = [] + var res = "" + for s in strs { + sizes.append(s.count) + } + for sz in sizes { + res += String(sz) + res += "," + } + + res += "#" + for s in strs { + res += s + } + return res + } + + func decode(_ s: String) -> [String] { + if s.isEmpty { return [] } + let sArr = Array(s) + var sizes: [Int] = [] + var res: [String] = [] + var i = 0 + + while sArr[i] != "#" { + var cur = "" + while sArr[i] != "," { + cur.append(sArr[i]) + i += 1 + } + sizes.append(Int(cur)!) + i += 1 + } + + i += 1 + for sz in sizes { + let substring = String(sArr[i.. String { + var res = "" + for s in strs { + res += "\(s.count)#\(s)" + } + return res + } + + func decode(_ s: String) -> [String] { + var res = [String]() + let sArr = Array(s) + var i = 0 + + while i < sArr.count { + var j = i + while sArr[j] != "#" { + j += 1 + } + let lengthStr = String(sArr[i.. [[Int]] { + var res = Set<[Int]>() + var subset = [Int]() + let nums = nums.sorted() + + func backtrack(_ i: Int) { + if i == nums.count { + res.insert(subset) + return + } + + subset.append(nums[i]) + backtrack(i + 1) + subset.removeLast() + backtrack(i + 1) + } + + backtrack(0) + return Array(res) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -202,7 +227,7 @@ class Solution { --- -## 2. Backtracking (Pick / Not Pick) +## 2. Backtracking - I ::tabs-start @@ -405,16 +430,48 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func subsetsWithDup(_ nums: [Int]) -> [[Int]] { + var res = [[Int]]() + var subset = [Int]() + let nums = nums.sorted() + + func backtrack(_ i: Int) { + if i == nums.count { + res.append(subset) + return + } + + subset.append(nums[i]) + backtrack(i + 1) + subset.removeLast() + + var j = i + while j + 1 < nums.count && nums[j] == nums[j + 1] { + j += 1 + } + backtrack(j + 1) + } + + backtrack(0) + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(n * 2 ^ n)$ -* Space complexity: $O(n)$ +* Space complexity: + * $O(n)$ extra space. + * $O(2 ^ n)$ space for the output list. --- -## 3. Backtracking +## 3. Backtracking - II ::tabs-start @@ -595,12 +652,40 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func subsetsWithDup(_ nums: [Int]) -> [[Int]] { + var res = [[Int]]() + var subset = [Int]() + let nums = nums.sorted() + + func backtrack(_ i: Int) { + res.append(subset) + + for j in i.. i && nums[j] == nums[j - 1] { + continue + } + subset.append(nums[j]) + backtrack(j + 1) + subset.removeLast() + } + } + + backtrack(0) + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(n * 2 ^ n)$ -* Space complexity: $O(n)$ +* Space complexity: + * $O(n)$ extra space. + * $O(2 ^ n)$ space for the output list. --- @@ -614,6 +699,7 @@ class Solution: nums.sort() res = [[]] prev_Idx = idx = 0 + for i in range(len(nums)): idx = prev_idx if i >= 1 and nums[i] == nums[i - 1] else 0 prev_idx = len(res) @@ -621,6 +707,7 @@ class Solution: tmp = res[j].copy() tmp.append(nums[i]) res.append(tmp) + return res ``` @@ -632,6 +719,7 @@ public class Solution { res.add(new ArrayList<>()); int prevIdx = 0; int idx = 0; + for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) { idx = (i >= 1 && nums[i] == nums[i - 1]) ? prevIdx : 0; prevIdx = res.size(); @@ -641,6 +729,7 @@ public class Solution { res.add(tmp); } } + return res; } } @@ -654,6 +743,7 @@ public: vector> res = {{}}; int prevIdx = 0; int idx = 0; + for (int i = 0; i < nums.size(); i++) { idx = (i >= 1 && nums[i] == nums[i - 1]) ? prevIdx : 0; prevIdx = res.size(); @@ -663,6 +753,7 @@ public: res.push_back(tmp); } } + return res; } }; @@ -679,6 +770,7 @@ class Solution { const res = [[]]; let prevIdx = 0; let idx = 0; + for (let i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) { idx = (i >= 1 && nums[i] === nums[i - 1]) ? prevIdx : 0; prevIdx = res.length; @@ -688,6 +780,7 @@ class Solution { res.push(tmp); } } + return res; } } @@ -700,6 +793,7 @@ public class Solution { var res = new List> { new List() }; int prevIdx = 0; int idx = 0; + for (int i = 0; i < nums.Length; i++) { idx = (i >= 1 && nums[i] == nums[i - 1]) ? prevIdx : 0; prevIdx = res.Count; @@ -709,6 +803,7 @@ public class Solution { res.Add(tmp); } } + return res; } } @@ -761,9 +856,35 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func subsetsWithDup(_ nums: [Int]) -> [[Int]] { + let nums = nums.sorted() + var res: [[Int]] = [[]] + var prevIdx = 0 + var idx = 0 + + for i in 0..= 1 && nums[i] == nums[i - 1]) ? prevIdx : 0 + prevIdx = res.count + + for j in idx.. List[List[int]]: res = [] - subset = [] def dfs(i): @@ -172,12 +171,37 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func subsets(_ nums: [Int]) -> [[Int]] { + var res = [[Int]]() + var subset = [Int]() + + func dfs(_ i: Int) { + if i >= nums.count { + res.append(subset) + return + } + subset.append(nums[i]) + dfs(i + 1) + subset.removeLast() + dfs(i + 1) + } + + dfs(0) + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(n * 2 ^ n)$ -* Space complexity: $O(n)$ +* Space complexity: + * $O(n)$ extra space. + * $O(2 ^ n)$ for the output list. --- @@ -316,12 +340,28 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func subsets(_ nums: [Int]) -> [[Int]] { + var res: [[Int]] = [[]] + + for num in nums { + res += res.map { $0 + [num] } + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(n * 2 ^ n)$ -* Space complexity: $O(n)$ +* Space complexity: + * $O(n)$ extra space. + * $O(2 ^ n)$ for the output list. --- @@ -461,9 +501,32 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func subsets(_ nums: [Int]) -> [[Int]] { + let n = nums.count + var res: [[Int]] = [] + + for i in 0..<(1 << n) { + var subset: [Int] = [] + for j in 0.. Bool { + if subRoot == nil { + return true + } + if root == nil { + return false + } + if sameTree(root, subRoot) { + return true + } + return isSubtree(root?.left, subRoot) || isSubtree(root?.right, subRoot) + } + + func sameTree(_ root: TreeNode?, _ subRoot: TreeNode?) -> Bool { + if root == nil && subRoot == nil { + return true + } + if let root = root, let subRoot = subRoot, root.val == subRoot.val { + return sameTree(root.left, subRoot.left) && sameTree(root.right, subRoot.right) + } + return false + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -319,11 +361,10 @@ class Solution { class Solution: def serialize(self, root: Optional[TreeNode]) -> str: - if root == None: - return "$#" - - return ("$" + str(root.val) + - self.serialize(root.left) + self.serialize(root.right)) + if root == None: + return "$#" + + return ("$" + str(root.val) + self.serialize(root.left) + self.serialize(root.right)) def z_function(self, s: str) -> list: z = [0] * len(s) @@ -341,10 +382,10 @@ class Solution: serialized_root = self.serialize(root) serialized_subRoot = self.serialize(subRoot) combined = serialized_subRoot + "|" + serialized_root - + z_values = self.z_function(combined) sub_len = len(serialized_subRoot) - + for i in range(sub_len + 1, len(combined)): if z_values[i] == sub_len: return True @@ -492,8 +533,7 @@ class Solution { if (root === null) { return "$#"; } - return "$" + root.val + - this.serialize(root.left) + this.serialize(root.right); + return "$" + root.val + this.serialize(root.left) + this.serialize(root.right); } /** @@ -714,6 +754,69 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func serialize(_ root: TreeNode?) -> String { + guard let root = root else { + return "$#" + } + return "$\(root.val)" + serialize(root.left) + serialize(root.right) + } + + func zFunction(_ s: String) -> [Int] { + let n = s.count + var z = [Int](repeating: 0, count: n) + var l = 0, r = 0 + let chars = Array(s) + + for i in 1.. r { + l = i + r = i + z[i] - 1 + } + } + return z + } + + func isSubtree(_ root: TreeNode?, _ subRoot: TreeNode?) -> Bool { + let serializedRoot = serialize(root) + let serializedSubRoot = serialize(subRoot) + let combined = serializedSubRoot + "|" + serializedRoot + + let zValues = zFunction(combined) + let subLen = serializedSubRoot.count + + for i in (subLen + 1).. Int { + return a + b + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -250,6 +258,32 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func getSum(_ a: Int, _ b: Int) -> Int { + var carry = 0 + var res = 0 + let mask = 0xFFFFFFFF + + for i in 0..<32 { + let aBit = (a >> i) & 1 + let bBit = (b >> i) & 1 + let curBit = aBit ^ bBit ^ carry + carry = (aBit + bBit + carry) >= 2 ? 1 : 0 + if curBit == 1 { + res |= (1 << i) + } + } + + if res > 0x7FFFFFFF { + res = ~(res ^ mask) + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -379,6 +413,25 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func getSum(_ a: Int, _ b: Int) -> Int { + let mask = 0xFFFFFFFF + let maxInt = 0x7FFFFFFF + var a = a + var b = b + + while b != 0 { + let carry = (a & b) << 1 + a = (a ^ b) & mask + b = carry & mask + } + + return a <= maxInt ? a : ~(a ^ mask) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/surrounded-regions.md b/articles/surrounded-regions.md index f1009a0bc..1c0c5445c 100644 --- a/articles/surrounded-regions.md +++ b/articles/surrounded-regions.md @@ -330,6 +330,54 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func solve(_ board: inout [[Character]]) { + let ROWS = board.count + let COLS = board[0].count + + func capture(_ r: Int, _ c: Int) { + if r < 0 || c < 0 || r == ROWS || c == COLS || board[r][c] != "O" { + return + } + board[r][c] = "T" + capture(r + 1, c) + capture(r - 1, c) + capture(r, c + 1) + capture(r, c - 1) + } + + for r in 0.. { - let q = []; + let q = new Queue(); for (let r = 0; r < ROWS; r++) { for (let c = 0; c < COLS; c++) { if (r === 0 || r === ROWS - 1 || @@ -506,8 +554,8 @@ class Solution { } } } - while (q.length) { - let [r, c] = q.shift(); + while (!q.isEmpty()) { + let [r, c] = q.pop(); if (board[r][c] === 'O') { board[r][c] = 'T'; for (let [dr, dc] of directions) { @@ -684,6 +732,53 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func solve(_ board: inout [[Character]]) { + let ROWS = board.count + let COLS = board[0].count + let directions = [(1, 0), (-1, 0), (0, 1), (0, -1)] + + func capture() { + var queue = Deque<(Int, Int)>() + for r in 0..= 0, nr < ROWS, nc >= 0, nc < COLS { + queue.append((nr, nc)) + } + } + } + } + } + + capture() + + for r in 0.. Int { + if parent[node] != node { + parent[node] = find(parent[node]) + } + return parent[node] + } + + func union(_ u: Int, _ v: Int) { + let pu = find(u) + let pv = find(v) + if pu == pv { return } + if size[pu] >= size[pv] { + size[pu] += size[pv] + parent[pv] = pu + } else { + size[pv] += size[pu] + parent[pu] = pv + } + } + + func connected(_ u: Int, _ v: Int) -> Bool { + return find(u) == find(v) + } +} + +class Solution { + func solve(_ board: inout [[Character]]) { + let ROWS = board.count + let COLS = board[0].count + let directions = [(1, 0), (-1, 0), (0, 1), (0, -1)] + let dsu = DSU(ROWS * COLS + 1) + let N = ROWS * COLS + + for r in 0..= 0, nr < ROWS, nc >= 0, nc < COLS, board[nr][nc] == "O" { + dsu.union(r * COLS + c, nr * COLS + nc) + } + } + } + } + } + + for r in 0.. Int { + let n = grid.count + var visit = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: false, count: n), count: n) + + func dfs(_ node: (Int, Int), _ t: Int) -> Int { + let (r, c) = node + if r < 0 || c < 0 || r >= n || c >= n || visit[r][c] { + return 1000000 + } + if r == n - 1 && c == n - 1 { + return max(t, grid[r][c]) + } + visit[r][c] = true + let t = max(t, grid[r][c]) + let res = min(dfs((r + 1, c), t), + dfs((r - 1, c), t), + dfs((r, c + 1), t), + dfs((r, c - 1), t)) + visit[r][c] = false + return res + } + + return dfs((0, 0), 0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -544,6 +573,51 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func swimInWater(_ grid: [[Int]]) -> Int { + let n = grid.count + var visit = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: false, count: n), count: n) + var minH = grid[0][0], maxH = grid[0][0] + + for row in 0.. Bool { + let (r, c) = node + if r < 0 || c < 0 || r >= n || c >= n || visit[r][c] || grid[r][c] > t { + return false + } + if r == n - 1 && c == n - 1 { + return true + } + visit[r][c] = true + return dfs((r + 1, c), t) || + dfs((r - 1, c), t) || + dfs((r, c + 1), t) || + dfs((r, c - 1), t) + } + + for t in minH...maxH { + if dfs((0, 0), t) { + return t + } + for r in 0.. Int { + let n = grid.count + var visit = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: false, count: n), count: n) + var minH = grid[0][0], maxH = grid[0][0] + + for row in 0.. Bool { + let (r, c) = node + if r < 0 || c < 0 || r >= n || c >= n || visit[r][c] || grid[r][c] > t { + return false + } + if r == n - 1 && c == n - 1 { + return true + } + visit[r][c] = true + return dfs((r + 1, c), t) || + dfs((r - 1, c), t) || + dfs((r, c + 1), t) || + dfs((r, c - 1), t) + } + + var l = minH, r = maxH + while l < r { + let m = (l + r) >> 1 + if dfs((0, 0), m) { + r = m + } else { + l = m + 1 + } + for row in 0.. Bool { + return lhs.time < rhs.time + } +} + +class Solution { + func swimInWater(_ grid: [[Int]]) -> Int { + let N = grid.count + var visit = Set<[Int]>() + var minHeap = Heap() + + let directions = [(0, 1), (0, -1), (1, 0), (-1, 0)] + + minHeap.insert(Item(time: grid[0][0], row: 0, col: 0)) + visit.insert([0, 0]) + + while !minHeap.isEmpty { + let item = minHeap.removeMin() + let t = item.time, r = item.row, c = item.col + + if r == N - 1 && c == N - 1 { + return t + } + + for (dr, dc) in directions { + let neiR = r + dr, neiC = c + dc + if neiR < 0 || neiC < 0 || neiR == N || neiC == N || visit.contains([neiR, neiC]) { + continue + } + visit.insert([neiR, neiC]) + minHeap.insert(Item(time: max(t, grid[neiR][neiC]), row: neiR, col: neiC)) + } + } + + return -1 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1230,7 +1398,7 @@ class Solution: ``` ```java -public class DSU { +class DSU { private int[] Parent; private int[] Size; @@ -1625,6 +1793,75 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class DSU { + private var parent: [Int] + private var size: [Int] + + init(_ n: Int) { + parent = Array(0...(n - 1)) + size = Array(repeating: 1, count: n) + } + + func find(_ node: Int) -> Int { + if parent[node] != node { + parent[node] = find(parent[node]) + } + return parent[node] + } + + func union(_ u: Int, _ v: Int) -> Bool { + let pu = find(u) + let pv = find(v) + if pu == pv { + return false + } + if size[pu] < size[pv] { + parent[pu] = pv + size[pv] += size[pu] + } else { + parent[pv] = pu + size[pu] += size[pv] + } + return true + } + + func connected(_ u: Int, _ v: Int) -> Bool { + return find(u) == find(v) + } +} + +class Solution { + func swimInWater(_ grid: [[Int]]) -> Int { + let N = grid.count + let dsu = DSU(N * N) + var positions = [(Int, Int, Int)]() + let directions = [(0, 1), (1, 0), (0, -1), (-1, 0)] + + for r in 0..= 0, nc >= 0, nr < N, nc < N, grid[nr][nc] <= t { + dsu.union(r * N + c, nr * N + nc) + } + } + if dsu.connected(0, N * N - 1) { + return t + } + } + return -1 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/target-sum.md b/articles/target-sum.md index 819f11b56..71c10c0c2 100644 --- a/articles/target-sum.md +++ b/articles/target-sum.md @@ -120,6 +120,20 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findTargetSumWays(_ nums: [Int], _ target: Int) -> Int { + func backtrack(_ i: Int, _ total: Int) -> Int { + if i == nums.count { + return total == target ? 1 : 0 + } + return backtrack(i + 1, total + nums[i]) + backtrack(i + 1, total - nums[i]) + } + return backtrack(0, 0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -331,6 +345,29 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findTargetSumWays(_ nums: [Int], _ target: Int) -> Int { + let totalSum = nums.reduce(0, +) + var dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: Int.min, count: 2 * totalSum + 1), count: nums.count) + + func backtrack(_ i: Int, _ total: Int) -> Int { + if i == nums.count { + return total == target ? 1 : 0 + } + if dp[i][total + totalSum] != Int.min { + return dp[i][total + totalSum] + } + dp[i][total + totalSum] = backtrack(i + 1, total + nums[i]) + + backtrack(i + 1, total - nums[i]) + return dp[i][total + totalSum] + } + + return backtrack(0, 0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -502,6 +539,24 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func findTargetSumWays(_ nums: [Int], _ target: Int) -> Int { + let n = nums.count + var dp = Array(repeating: [Int: Int](), count: n + 1) + dp[0][0] = 1 + + for i in 0.. Int { + var dp = [0: 1] + + for num in nums { + var nextDp = [Int: Int]() + for (total, count) in dp { + nextDp[total + num, default: 0] += count + nextDp[total - num, default: 0] += count + } + dp = nextDp + } + return dp[target, default: 0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/task-scheduling.md b/articles/task-scheduling.md index d6718ba3f..03e752212 100644 --- a/articles/task-scheduling.md +++ b/articles/task-scheduling.md @@ -330,6 +330,50 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func leastInterval(_ tasks: [Character], _ n: Int) -> Int { + var count = [Int](repeating: 0, count: 26) + for task in tasks { + count[Int(task.asciiValue! - Character("A").asciiValue!)] += 1 + } + + var arr = [(Int, Int)]() + for i in 0..<26 { + if count[i] > 0 { + arr.append((count[i], i)) + } + } + + var time = 0 + var processed = [Int]() + + while !arr.isEmpty { + var maxi = -1 + for i in 0.. Int { + var count = [Character: Int]() + for task in tasks { + count[task, default: 0] += 1 + } + + var maxHeap = Heap(Array(count.values)) + var time = 0 + var queue = Deque<(Int, Int)>() + + while !maxHeap.isEmpty || !queue.isEmpty { + time += 1 + if maxHeap.isEmpty { + time = queue.first!.1 + } else { + let cnt = maxHeap.popMax()! - 1 + if cnt > 0 { + queue.append((cnt, time + n)) + } + } + if let front = queue.first, front.1 == time { + maxHeap.insert(front.0) + queue.removeFirst() + } + } + + return time + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -775,6 +852,27 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func leastInterval(_ tasks: [Character], _ n: Int) -> Int { + var count = [Int](repeating: 0, count: 26) + for task in tasks { + count[Int(task.asciiValue! - Character("A").asciiValue!)] += 1 + } + + count.sort() + let maxf = count[25] + var idle = (maxf - 1) * n + + for i in stride(from: 24, through: 0, by: -1) { + idle -= min(maxf - 1, count[i]) + } + + return max(0, idle) + tasks.count + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -951,6 +1049,28 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func leastInterval(_ tasks: [Character], _ n: Int) -> Int { + var count = [Int](repeating: 0, count: 26) + for task in tasks { + count[Int(task.asciiValue! - Character("A").asciiValue!)] += 1 + } + + let maxf = count.max()! + var maxCount = 0 + for i in count { + if i == maxf { + maxCount += 1 + } + } + + let time = (maxf - 1) * (n + 1) + maxCount + return max(tasks.count, time) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/three-integer-sum.md b/articles/three-integer-sum.md index 74afca85c..18b4b76b7 100644 --- a/articles/three-integer-sum.md +++ b/articles/three-integer-sum.md @@ -145,6 +145,27 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func threeSum(_ nums: [Int]) -> [[Int]] { + var res = Set<[Int]>() + let nums = nums.sorted() + + for i in 0.. [[Int]] { + var nums = nums.sorted() + var count = [Int: Int]() + for num in nums { + count[num, default: 0] += 1 + } + + var res = [[Int]]() + for i in 0.. 0 && nums[i] == nums[i - 1] { + continue + } + + for j in (i + 1).. i + 1 && nums[j] == nums[j - 1] { + continue + } + let target = -(nums[i] + nums[j]) + if let cnt = count[target], cnt > 0 { + res.append([nums[i], nums[j], target]) + } + } + + for j in (i + 1).. [[Int]] { + var res = [[Int]]() + var nums = nums.sorted() + + for i in 0.. 0 { + break + } + if i > 0 && a == nums[i - 1] { + continue + } + + var l = i + 1, r = nums.count - 1 + while l < r { + let threeSum = a + nums[l] + nums[r] + if threeSum > 0 { + r -= 1 + } else if threeSum < 0 { + l += 1 + } else { + res.append([a, nums[l], nums[r]]) + l += 1 + r -= 1 + while l < r && nums[l] == nums[l - 1] { + l += 1 + } + } + } + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity * Time complexity: $O(n ^ 2)$ -* Space complexity: $O(1)$ or $O(n)$ depending on the sorting algorithm. \ No newline at end of file +* Space complexity: + * $O(1)$ or $O(n)$ extra space depending on the sorting algorithm. + * $O(m)$ space for the output list. + +> Where $m$ is the number of triplets and $n$ is the length of the given array. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/articles/time-based-key-value-store.md b/articles/time-based-key-value-store.md index bfdc75b3e..8fc87e0e5 100644 --- a/articles/time-based-key-value-store.md +++ b/articles/time-based-key-value-store.md @@ -244,6 +244,40 @@ class TimeMap() { } ``` +```swift +class TimeMap { + private var keyStore: [String: [Int: [String]]] + + init() { + self.keyStore = [:] + } + + func set(_ key: String, _ value: String, _ timestamp: Int) { + if keyStore[key] == nil { + keyStore[key] = [:] + } + if keyStore[key]![timestamp] == nil { + keyStore[key]![timestamp] = [] + } + keyStore[key]![timestamp]!.append(value) + } + + func get(_ key: String, _ timestamp: Int) -> String { + guard let timeMap = keyStore[key] else { + return "" + } + + var seen = 0 + for time in timeMap.keys { + if time <= timestamp { + seen = max(seen, time) + } + } + return seen == 0 ? "" : timeMap[seen]!.last! + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -458,6 +492,44 @@ class TimeMap() { } ``` +```swift +class TimeMap { + private var m: [String: [(Int, String)]] + + init() { + self.m = [:] + } + + func set(_ key: String, _ value: String, _ timestamp: Int) { + if m[key] == nil { + m[key] = [] + } + m[key]!.append((timestamp, value)) + } + + func get(_ key: String, _ timestamp: Int) -> String { + guard let timestamps = m[key] else { + return "" + } + + var l = 0, r = timestamps.count - 1 + var res = "" + + while l <= r { + let mid = (l + r) / 2 + if timestamps[mid].0 <= timestamp { + res = timestamps[mid].1 + l = mid + 1 + } else { + r = mid - 1 + } + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -739,6 +811,44 @@ class TimeMap() { } ``` +```swift +class TimeMap { + private var keyStore: [String: [(String, Int)]] + + init() { + self.keyStore = [:] + } + + func set(_ key: String, _ value: String, _ timestamp: Int) { + if keyStore[key] == nil { + keyStore[key] = [] + } + keyStore[key]!.append((value, timestamp)) + } + + func get(_ key: String, _ timestamp: Int) -> String { + guard let values = keyStore[key] else { + return "" + } + + var res = "" + var l = 0, r = values.count - 1 + + while l <= r { + let m = (l + r) / 2 + if values[m].1 <= timestamp { + res = values[m].0 + l = m + 1 + } else { + r = m - 1 + } + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/top-k-elements-in-list.md b/articles/top-k-elements-in-list.md index ae16871e1..7bca2df74 100644 --- a/articles/top-k-elements-in-list.md +++ b/articles/top-k-elements-in-list.md @@ -156,6 +156,30 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func topKFrequent(_ nums: [Int], _ k: Int) -> [Int] { + var count = [Int: Int]() + for num in nums { + count[num, default: 0] += 1 + } + + var arr = [(Int, Int)]() + for (num, cnt) in count { + arr.append((cnt, num)) + } + arr.sort { $0.0 < $1.0 } + + var res = [Int]() + while res.count < k { + res.append(arr.removeLast().1) + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -165,7 +189,7 @@ class Solution { --- -## 2. Heap +## 2. Min-Heap ::tabs-start @@ -352,6 +376,41 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +struct NumFreq: Comparable { + let num: Int + let freq: Int + + static func < (lhs: NumFreq, rhs: NumFreq) -> Bool { + return lhs.freq < rhs.freq + } +} + +class Solution { + func topKFrequent(_ nums: [Int], _ k: Int) -> [Int] { + var count = [Int: Int]() + for num in nums { + count[num, default: 0] += 1 + } + + var heap: Heap = [] + for (num, freq) in count { + heap.insert(NumFreq(num: num, freq: freq)) + if heap.count > k { + heap.removeMin() + } + } + + var res = [Int]() + while !heap.isEmpty { + res.append(heap.removeMin().num) + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -564,6 +623,35 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func topKFrequent(_ nums: [Int], _ k: Int) -> [Int] { + var count = [Int: Int]() + var freq = [[Int]](repeating: [], count: nums.count + 1) + + for num in nums { + count[num, default: 0] += 1 + } + + for (num, cnt) in count { + freq[cnt].append(num) + } + + var res = [Int]() + for i in stride(from: freq.count - 1, through: 1, by: -1) { + for num in freq[i] { + res.append(num) + if res.count == k { + return res + } + } + } + + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/trapping-rain-water.md b/articles/trapping-rain-water.md index 73635a85d..4e8f600b8 100644 --- a/articles/trapping-rain-water.md +++ b/articles/trapping-rain-water.md @@ -197,6 +197,33 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func trap(_ height: [Int]) -> Int { + if height.isEmpty { + return 0 + } + let n = height.count + var res = 0 + + for i in 0.. Int { + let n = height.count + if n == 0 { + return 0 + } + + var leftMax = [Int](repeating: 0, count: n) + var rightMax = [Int](repeating: 0, count: n) + + leftMax[0] = height[0] + for i in 1.. Int { + if height.isEmpty { + return 0 + } + var stack = [Int]() + var res = 0 + + for i in 0..= height[stack.last!] { + let mid = height[stack.removeLast()] + if !stack.isEmpty { + let right = height[i] + let left = height[stack.last!] + let h = min(right, left) - mid + let w = i - stack.last! - 1 + res += h * w + } + } + stack.append(i) + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -852,6 +936,33 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func trap(_ height: [Int]) -> Int { + if height.isEmpty { + return 0 + } + + var l = 0, r = height.count - 1 + var leftMax = height[l], rightMax = height[r] + var res = 0 + + while l < r { + if leftMax < rightMax { + l += 1 + leftMax = max(leftMax, height[l]) + res += leftMax - height[l] + } else { + r -= 1 + rightMax = max(rightMax, height[r]) + res += rightMax - height[r] + } + } + return res + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/two-integer-sum-ii.md b/articles/two-integer-sum-ii.md index 8aea74e9d..f63e71a60 100644 --- a/articles/two-integer-sum-ii.md +++ b/articles/two-integer-sum-ii.md @@ -106,6 +106,21 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func twoSum(_ numbers: [Int], _ target: Int) -> [Int] { + for i in 0.. [Int] { + for i in 0.. [Int] { + var mp = [Int: Int]() + + for i in 0.. [Int] { + var l = 0, r = numbers.count - 1 + + while l < r { + let curSum = numbers[l] + numbers[r] + + if curSum > target { + r -= 1 + } else if curSum < target { + l += 1 + } else { + return [l + 1, r + 1] + } + } + return [] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/two-integer-sum.md b/articles/two-integer-sum.md index 5b08e079d..9fba0afdc 100644 --- a/articles/two-integer-sum.md +++ b/articles/two-integer-sum.md @@ -106,6 +106,21 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func twoSum(_ nums: [Int], _ target: Int) -> [Int] { + for i in 0.. [Int] { + var A = [(Int, Int)]() + for (i, num) in nums.enumerated() { + A.append((num, i)) + } + + A.sort { $0.0 < $1.0 } + var i = 0 + var j = nums.count - 1 + + while i < j { + let cur = A[i].0 + A[j].0 + if cur == target { + return [min(A[i].1, A[j].1), + max(A[i].1, A[j].1)] + } else if cur < target { + i += 1 + } else { + j -= 1 + } + } + return [] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -469,6 +512,27 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func twoSum(_ nums: [Int], _ target: Int) -> [Int] { + var indices = [Int: Int]() // val -> index + + for (i, n) in nums.enumerated() { + indices[n] = i + } + + for (i, n) in nums.enumerated() { + let diff = target - n + if let j = indices[diff], j != i { + return [i, j] + } + } + + return [] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -607,6 +671,24 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func twoSum(_ nums: [Int], _ target: Int) -> [Int] { + var prevMap = [Int: Int]() // val -> index + + for (i, n) in nums.enumerated() { + let diff = target - n + if let index = prevMap[diff] { + return [index, i] + } + prevMap[n] = i + } + + return [] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/valid-binary-search-tree.md b/articles/valid-binary-search-tree.md index fd885ddfc..3b076e3c7 100644 --- a/articles/valid-binary-search-tree.md +++ b/articles/valid-binary-search-tree.md @@ -316,6 +316,44 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func isValidBST(_ root: TreeNode?) -> Bool { + guard let root = root else { return true } + if !isValid(root.left, root.val, { $0 < $1 }) || + !isValid(root.right, root.val, { $0 > $1 }) { + return false + } + + return isValidBST(root.left) && isValidBST(root.right) + } + + private func isValid(_ root: TreeNode?, _ limit: Int, _ check: (Int, Int) -> Bool) -> Bool { + guard let root = root else { return true } + if !check(root.val, limit) { + return false + } + + return isValid(root.left, limit, check) && isValid(root.right, limit, check) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -550,6 +588,37 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func isValidBST(_ root: TreeNode?) -> Bool { + return valid(root, Int.min, Int.max) + } + + private func valid(_ node: TreeNode?, _ left: Int, _ right: Int) -> Bool { + guard let node = node else { return true } + if !(left < node.val && node.val < right) { + return false + } + return valid(node.left, left, node.val) && valid(node.right, node.val, right) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -858,6 +927,48 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +/** + * Definition for a binary tree node. + * public class TreeNode { + * public var val: Int + * public var left: TreeNode? + * public var right: TreeNode? + * public init() { self.val = 0; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.left = nil; self.right = nil; } + * public init(_ val: Int, _ left: TreeNode?, _ right: TreeNode?) { + * self.val = val + * self.left = left + * self.right = right + * } + * } + */ +class Solution { + func isValidBST(_ root: TreeNode?) -> Bool { + guard let root = root else { return true } + + var q = Deque<(TreeNode, Int, Int)>() + q.append((root, Int.min, Int.max)) + + while !q.isEmpty { + let (node, left, right) = q.popFirst()! + + if !(left < node.val && node.val < right) { + return false + } + + if let leftNode = node.left { + q.append((leftNode, left, node.val)) + } + if let rightNode = node.right { + q.append((rightNode, node.val, right)) + } + } + return true + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/valid-parenthesis-string.md b/articles/valid-parenthesis-string.md index 84c0422d8..c412ad605 100644 --- a/articles/valid-parenthesis-string.md +++ b/articles/valid-parenthesis-string.md @@ -148,7 +148,52 @@ func checkValidString(s string) bool { ``` ```kotlin +class Solution { + fun checkValidString(s: String): Boolean { + + fun dfs(i: Int, open: Int): Boolean { + if (open < 0) { + return false + } + if (i == s.length) { + return open == 0 + } + + return when (s[i]) { + '(' -> dfs(i + 1, open + 1) + ')' -> dfs(i + 1, open - 1) + else -> dfs(i + 1, open) || dfs(i + 1, open + 1) || dfs(i + 1, open - 1) + } + } + + return dfs(0, 0) + } +} +``` + +```swift +class Solution { + func checkValidString(_ s: String) -> Bool { + let chars = Array(s) + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ open: Int) -> Bool { + if open < 0 { return false } + if i == chars.count { return open == 0 } + + if chars[i] == "(" { + return dfs(i + 1, open + 1) + } else if chars[i] == ")" { + return dfs(i + 1, open - 1) + } else { + return dfs(i + 1, open) || + dfs(i + 1, open + 1) || + dfs(i + 1, open - 1) + } + } + return dfs(0, 0) + } +} ``` ::tabs-end @@ -397,6 +442,47 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func checkValidString(_ s: String) -> Bool { + let n = s.count + let sArr = Array(s) + var memo = Array( + repeating: Array(repeating: nil, count: n + 1), + count: n + 1 + ) + + func dfs(_ i: Int, _ open: Int) -> Bool { + if open < 0 { + return false + } + if i == n { + return open == 0 + } + if let memoized = memo[i][open] { + return memoized + } + + let result: Bool + if sArr[i] == "(" { + result = dfs(i + 1, open + 1) + } else if sArr[i] == ")" { + result = dfs(i + 1, open - 1) + } else { + result = dfs(i + 1, open) || + dfs(i + 1, open + 1) || + dfs(i + 1, open - 1) + } + + memo[i][open] = result + return result + } + + return dfs(0, 0) + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -620,6 +706,40 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func checkValidString(_ s: String) -> Bool { + let n = s.count + var dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: false, count: n + 1), count: n + 1) + dp[n][0] = true + + let chars = Array(s) + + for i in stride(from: n - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + for open in 0.. 0 { + res = res || dp[i + 1][open - 1] + } + res = res || dp[i + 1][open] + } else { + if chars[i] == "(" { + res = res || dp[i + 1][open + 1] + } else if open > 0 { + res = res || dp[i + 1][open - 1] + } + } + dp[i][open] = res + } + } + + return dp[0][0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -815,6 +935,34 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func checkValidString(_ s: String) -> Bool { + let n = s.count + var dp = Array(repeating: false, count: n + 1) + dp[0] = true + + let chars = Array(s) + + for i in stride(from: n - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + var new_dp = Array(repeating: false, count: n + 1) + for open in 0.. 0 && dp[open - 1]) || dp[open] + } else if chars[i] == "(" { + new_dp[open] = dp[open + 1] + } else if open > 0 { + new_dp[open] = dp[open - 1] + } + } + dp = new_dp + } + + return dp[0] + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1034,6 +1182,44 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func checkValidString(_ s: String) -> Bool { + var left = [Int]() + var star = [Int]() + + let chars = Array(s) + + for (i, ch) in chars.enumerated() { + if ch == "(" { + left.append(i) + } else if ch == "*" { + star.append(i) + } else { + if left.isEmpty && star.isEmpty { + return false + } + if !left.isEmpty { + left.popLast() + } else { + star.popLast() + } + } + } + + while !left.isEmpty && !star.isEmpty { + if left.last! > star.last! { + return false + } + left.popLast() + star.popLast() + } + + return left.isEmpty + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -1236,6 +1422,35 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func checkValidString(_ s: String) -> Bool { + var leftMin = 0 + var leftMax = 0 + + for c in s { + if c == "(" { + leftMin += 1 + leftMax += 1 + } else if c == ")" { + leftMin -= 1 + leftMax -= 1 + } else { + leftMin -= 1 + leftMax += 1 + } + if leftMax < 0 { + return false + } + if leftMin < 0 { + leftMin = 0 + } + } + return leftMin == 0 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/valid-sudoku.md b/articles/valid-sudoku.md index 14c8dc735..74fb5deda 100644 --- a/articles/valid-sudoku.md +++ b/articles/valid-sudoku.md @@ -284,6 +284,45 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isValidSudoku(_ board: [[Character]]) -> Bool { + for row in 0..<9 { + var seen = Set() + for i in 0..<9 { + if board[row][i] == "." { continue } + if seen.contains(board[row][i]) { return false } + seen.insert(board[row][i]) + } + } + + for col in 0..<9 { + var seen = Set() + for i in 0..<9 { + if board[i][col] == "." { continue } + if seen.contains(board[i][col]) { return false } + seen.insert(board[i][col]) + } + } + + for square in 0..<9 { + var seen = Set() + for i in 0..<3 { + for j in 0..<3 { + let row = (square / 3) * 3 + i + let col = (square % 3) * 3 + j + if board[row][col] == "." { continue } + if seen.contains(board[row][col]) { return false } + seen.insert(board[row][col]) + } + } + } + + return true + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -510,6 +549,36 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isValidSudoku(_ board: [[Character]]) -> Bool { + var cols = [Int: Set]() + var rows = [Int: Set]() + var squares = [String: Set]() + + for r in 0..<9 { + for c in 0..<9 { + if board[r][c] == "." { continue } + + let squareKey = "\(r / 3),\(c / 3)" + + if rows[r]?.contains(board[r][c]) == true || + cols[c]?.contains(board[r][c]) == true || + squares[squareKey]?.contains(board[r][c]) == true { + return false + } + + rows[r, default: []].insert(board[r][c]) + cols[c, default: []].insert(board[r][c]) + squares[squareKey, default: []].insert(board[r][c]) + } + } + + return true + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -725,6 +794,35 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isValidSudoku(_ board: [[Character]]) -> Bool { + var rows = [Int](repeating: 0, count: 9) + var cols = [Int](repeating: 0, count: 9) + var squares = [Int](repeating: 0, count: 9) + + for r in 0..<9 { + for c in 0..<9 { + if board[r][c] == "." { continue } + + let val = Int(board[r][c].asciiValue! - Character("0").asciiValue!) + let bitmask = 1 << (val - 1) + + if (rows[r] & bitmask) != 0 { return false } + if (cols[c] & bitmask) != 0 { return false } + if (squares[(r / 3) * 3 + (c / 3)] & bitmask) != 0 { return false } + + rows[r] |= bitmask + cols[c] |= bitmask + squares[(r / 3) * 3 + (c / 3)] |= bitmask + } + } + + return true + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/valid-tree.md b/articles/valid-tree.md index a343b676e..7266d9836 100644 --- a/articles/valid-tree.md +++ b/articles/valid-tree.md @@ -266,6 +266,44 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func validTree(_ n: Int, _ edges: [[Int]]) -> Bool { + if edges.count > (n - 1) { + return false + } + + var adj = Array(repeating: [Int](), count: n) + for edge in edges { + let u = edge[0] + let v = edge[1] + adj[u].append(v) + adj[v].append(u) + } + + var visited = Set() + + func dfs(_ node: Int, _ parent: Int) -> Bool { + if visited.contains(node) { + return false + } + visited.insert(node) + for nei in adj[node] { + if nei == parent { + continue + } + if !dfs(nei, node) { + return false + } + } + return true + } + + return dfs(0, -1) && visited.count == n + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -537,6 +575,45 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func validTree(_ n: Int, _ edges: [[Int]]) -> Bool { + if edges.count > n - 1 { + return false + } + + var adj = [[Int]](repeating: [], count: n) + for edge in edges { + let u = edge[0] + let v = edge[1] + adj[u].append(v) + adj[v].append(u) + } + + var visit = Set() + var q = Deque<(Int, Int)>() // (current node, parent node) + q.append((0, -1)) + visit.insert(0) + + while !q.isEmpty { + let (node, parent) = q.removeFirst() + for nei in adj[node] { + if nei == parent { + continue + } + if visit.contains(nei) { + return false + } + visit.insert(nei) + q.append((nei, node)) + } + } + + return visit.count == n + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -593,7 +670,7 @@ class Solution: ``` ```java -public class DSU { +class DSU { int[] Parent, Size; int comps; @@ -932,6 +1009,65 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class DSU { + var comps: Int + var parent: [Int] + var size: [Int] + + init(_ n: Int) { + comps = n + parent = Array(0.. Int { + if parent[node] != node { + parent[node] = find(parent[node]) + } + return parent[node] + } + + func union(_ u: Int, _ v: Int) -> Bool { + let pu = find(u) + let pv = find(v) + if pu == pv { + return false + } + comps -= 1 + if size[pu] < size[pv] { + parent[pu] = pv + size[pv] += size[pu] + } else { + parent[pv] = pu + size[pu] += size[pv] + } + return true + } + + func components() -> Int { + return comps + } +} + +class Solution { + func validTree(_ n: Int, _ edges: [[Int]]) -> Bool { + if edges.count > n - 1 { + return false + } + + let dsu = DSU(n) + for edge in edges { + let u = edge[0], v = edge[1] + if !dsu.union(u, v) { + return false + } + } + return dsu.components() == 1 + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/validate-parentheses.md b/articles/validate-parentheses.md index fc97eac24..a7e649a78 100644 --- a/articles/validate-parentheses.md +++ b/articles/validate-parentheses.md @@ -105,6 +105,20 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isValid(_ s: String) -> Bool { + var str = s + while str.contains("()") || str.contains("{}") || str.contains("[]") { + str = str.replacingOccurrences(of: "()", with: "") + str = str.replacingOccurrences(of: "{}", with: "") + str = str.replacingOccurrences(of: "[]", with: "") + } + return str.isEmpty + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity @@ -291,6 +305,29 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func isValid(_ s: String) -> Bool { + var stack = [Character]() + let closeToOpen: [Character: Character] = [")": "(", "]": "[", "}": "{"] + + for c in s { + if let open = closeToOpen[c] { + if !stack.isEmpty && stack.last! == open { + stack.popLast() + } else { + return false + } + } else { + stack.append(c) + } + } + + return stack.isEmpty + } +} +``` + ::tabs-end ### Time & Space Complexity diff --git a/articles/word-break.md b/articles/word-break.md index 908708670..acc8366d3 100644 --- a/articles/word-break.md +++ b/articles/word-break.md @@ -176,6 +176,32 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class Solution { + func wordBreak(_ s: String, _ wordDict: [String]) -> Bool { + let chars = Array(s) + + func dfs(_ i: Int) -> Bool { + if i == chars.count { + return true + } + + for w in wordDict { + if i + w.count <= chars.count, + String(chars[i.. Bool { + let wordSet = Set(wordDict) + let chars = Array(s) + + func dfs(_ i: Int) -> Bool { + if i == chars.count { + return true + } + + for j in i.. Bool { + var memo = [Int: Bool]() + memo[s.count] = true + let chars = Array(s) + + func dfs(_ i: Int) -> Bool { + if let cached = memo[i] { + return cached + } + + for w in wordDict { + if i + w.count <= chars.count, + String(chars[i.. Bool { + let wordSet = Set(wordDict) + var maxLen = 0 + for w in wordDict { + maxLen = max(maxLen, w.count) + } + + var memo = [Int: Bool]() + let chars = Array(s) + + func dfs(_ i: Int) -> Bool { + if let cached = memo[i] { + return cached + } + if i == chars.count { + return true + } + for j in i.. Bool { + var dp = Array(repeating: false, count: s.count + 1) + dp[s.count] = true + let chars = Array(s) + + for i in stride(from: s.count - 1, through: 0, by: -1) { + for w in wordDict { + if i + w.count <= chars.count, String(chars[i.. children; boolean isWord; @@ -1096,7 +1237,7 @@ public class TrieNode { } } -public class Trie { +class Trie { TrieNode root; public Trie() { @@ -1497,6 +1638,70 @@ class Solution { } ``` +```swift +class TrieNode { + var children = [Character: TrieNode]() + var isWord = false +} + +class Trie { + private let root = TrieNode() + + func insert(_ word: String) { + var node = root + for char in word { + if node.children[char] == nil { + node.children[char] = TrieNode() + } + node = node.children[char]! + } + node.isWord = true + } + + func search(_ s: [Character], _ i: Int, _ j: Int) -> Bool { + var node = root + for idx in i...j { + if node.children[s[idx]] == nil { + return false + } + node = node.children[s[idx]]! + } + return node.isWord + } +} + +class Solution { + func wordBreak(_ s: String, _ wordDict: [String]) -> Bool { + let trie = Trie() + for word in wordDict { + trie.insert(word) + } + + var dp = Array(repeating: false, count: s.count + 1) + dp[s.count] = true + let chars = Array(s) + + var maxLen = 0 + for word in wordDict { + maxLen = max(maxLen, word.count) + } + + for i in stride(from: s.count, through: 0, by: -1) { + for j in i.. Int { + if !wordList.contains(endWord) || beginWord == endWord { + return 0 + } + + let n = wordList.count + let m = wordList[0].count + var adj = [[Int]](repeating: [], count: n) + var mp = [String: Int]() + + for i in 0..() + var res = 1 + var visit = Set() + let beginChars = Array(beginWord) + + for i in 0.. Int { + if !wordList.contains(endWord) || beginWord == endWord { + return 0 + } + + var words = Set(wordList) + var queue = Deque() + queue.append(beginWord) + var res = 0 + + while !queue.isEmpty { + res += 1 + for _ in 0.. Int { + if !wordList.contains(endWord) { + return 0 + } + + var nei = [String: [String]]() + var wordList = wordList + wordList.append(beginWord) + + for word in wordList { + let wordArray = Array(word) + for j in 0.. = [beginWord] + var queue = Deque() + queue.append(beginWord) + var res = 1 + + while !queue.isEmpty { + for _ in 0.. Int { + if !wordList.contains(endWord) || beginWord == endWord { + return 0 + } + + let m = wordList[0].count + var wordSet = Set(wordList) + var qb = Deque([beginWord]) + var qe = Deque([endWord]) + var fromBegin = [beginWord: 1] + var fromEnd = [endWord: 1] + + while !qb.isEmpty && !qe.isEmpty { + if qb.count > qe.count { + swap(&qb, &qe) + swap(&fromBegin, &fromEnd) + } + + for _ in 0..