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[ADD] journals: explain journals and accounts
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‎content/applications/finance/accounting/bank.rst

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@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ account. Both the journal and the account are automatically created and configur
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a bank account.
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.. note::
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Cash journals and accounts must be configured manually.
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:ref:`Cash journals <accounting/journals/cash>` and accounts must be configured manually.
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Bank journals are displayed by default on the :guilabel:`Accounting Dashboard` in the form of cards
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which include action buttons.
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Connect a bank for automatic synchronization
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--------------------------------------------
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To connect your bank account to your database, go to :menuselection:`Accounting --> Configuration
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--> Add a Bank Account`, select your bank in the list, click on :guilabel:`Connect`, and follow the
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instructions.
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To connect your bank account to your database, go to the :guilabel:`Accounting Dashboard` and on the
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kanban card of an unconnected bank, click :guilabel:`Search over 26000 banks`. Select your bank from
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the list, click on :guilabel:`Connect`, and follow the instructions.
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.. seealso::
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:doc:`bank/bank_synchronization`
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If your banking institution is not available in Odoo, or if you don't want to connect your bank
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account to your database, you can configure your bank account manually.
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To manually add a bank account, go to :menuselection:`Accounting --> Configuration --> Add a Bank
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Account`, click on :guilabel:`Record transactions manually` (at the bottom right), fill out the bank
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information, and click :guilabel:`Create`.
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To manually add a bank account, go to the :guilabel:`Accounting Dashboard` and on the kanban card of
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an unconnected bank, click :guilabel:`Search over 26000 banks`. Then, click on :guilabel:`Record
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transactions manually` (at the bottom right), fill out the bank information, and click
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:guilabel:`Create`.
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.. note::
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- Odoo automatically detects the bank account type (e.g., IBAN) and enables some features
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accordingly.
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- A default bank journal is available and can be used to configure your bank account by going to
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:menuselection:`Accounting --> Configuration --> Accounting: Journals --> Bank`. Open it and
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edit the different fields to match your bank account information.
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Create a cash journal
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---------------------
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To create a new cash journal, go to :menuselection:`Accounting --> Configuration --> Accounting:
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Journals`, click on :guilabel:`Create` and select :guilabel:`Cash` in the :guilabel:`Type` field.
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For more information on the accounting information fields, read the
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:ref:`accounting/bank/configuration` section of this page.
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.. note::
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A default cash journal is available and can be used straight away. You can review it by going to
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:menuselection:`Accounting --> Configuration --> Accounting: Journals --> Cash`.
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Edit an existing bank or cash journal
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-------------------------------------
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To edit an existing bank journal, go to :menuselection:`Accounting --> Configuration --> Accounting:
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Journals` and select the journal you want to modify.
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.. _accounting/bank/configuration:
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Configuration
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=============
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You can edit the accounting information and bank account number according to your needs.
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.. image:: bank/bank-journal-config.png
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:alt: Manually configure your bank information
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.. seealso::
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- :doc:`get_started/multi_currency`
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- :doc:`bank/transactions`
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- `Bank configuration <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tVhhXw-VnGE>`_
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.. _accounting/bank/suspense:
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Suspense account
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----------------
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Bank statement transactions are posted on the suspense account until they are reconciled. At any
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moment, the suspense account's balance in the general ledger shows the balance of transactions that
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have not yet been reconciled.
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.. note::
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When a bank transaction is reconciled, the journal entry is modified to replace the bank suspense
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account with the account of the journal item it is reconciled with. This account is usually the
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:ref:`outstanding receipts or payments account <accounting/bank/outstanding-accounts>` if
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reconciling with a registered payment or the account receivable or payable if reconciling with
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an invoice or bill directly.
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Profit and loss accounts
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------------------------
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The :guilabel:`Profit Account` is used to register a profit when the ending balance of a cash
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register differs from what the system computes, while the :guilabel:`Loss Account` is used to
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register a loss when the ending balance of a cash register differs from what the system computes.
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Currency
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--------
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You can edit the currency used to enter the transactions.
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.. seealso::
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:doc:`get_started/multi_currency`
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.. _accounting/bank/account-number:
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Account number
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--------------
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If you need to **edit your bank account details**, click on the external link arrow next to your
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:guilabel:`Account Number`. On the account page, click on the external link arrow next to your
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:guilabel:`Bank` and update your bank information accordingly. These details are used when
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registering payments.
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.. image:: bank/bank-account-number.png
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:alt: Edit your bank information
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Bank feeds
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----------
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:guilabel:`Bank Feeds` defines how the bank transactions are registered. Three options are
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available:
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- :guilabel:`Undefined yet`, which should be selected when you don’t know yet if you will
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synchronize your bank account with your database or not.
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- :guilabel:`Import (CAMT, CODA, CSV, OFX, QIF)`, which should be selected if you want to import
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your bank statements and transactions using a different format.
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- :guilabel:`Automated Bank Synchronization`, which should be selected if your bank is synchronized
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with your database.
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.. seealso::
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- :doc:`bank/bank_synchronization`
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- :doc:`bank/transactions`
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.. _accounting/bank/outstanding-accounts:
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Outstanding accounts
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====================
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By default, payments in Odoo do not create journal entries, but they can easily be configured to
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create journal entries using **outstanding accounts**.
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- An **outstanding receipts account** is where incoming payments are posted until they are linked
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with incoming bank transactions.
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- An **outstanding payments account** is where outgoing payments are posted until they are linked
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with outgoing bank transactions.
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These accounts are usually of :ref:`type <chart-of-account/type>` :guilabel:`Current Assets` and
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:guilabel:`Current Liabilities`.
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Payments that are registered in Odoo are posted to the outstanding receipts and outstanding accounts
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until they are reconciled. At any moment, the outstanding receipts account's balance in the general
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ledger shows the balance of registered incoming payments that have not yet been reconciled, and the
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outstanding payments account's balance in the general ledger shows the balance of registered
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outgoing payments that have not yet been reconciled.
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Bank and cash journal configuration
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-----------------------------------
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To configure payments to create journal entries, set outstanding accounts for the journal's payment
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methods. This can be done for any journal with the :ref:`type <chart-of-account/type>`
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:guilabel:`Bank` or :guilabel:`Cash`.
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To configure the outstanding accounts for a journal's payment methods, first go to
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:menuselection:`Accounting --> Configuration --> Journals` and select a bank or cash journal. In the
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:guilabel:`Incoming Payments` and :guilabel:`Outgoing Payments` tabs, set :guilabel:`Outstanding
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Receipts accounts` and :guilabel:`Outstanding Payments accounts` for each payment method that you
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want to create journal entries.
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.. note::
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- If the main bank account of the journal is added as an outstanding receipts account or
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outstanding payments account, when a payment is registered, the invoice or bill's status is
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directly set to :guilabel:`Paid`.
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- If the outstanding receipts or outstanding payments account for a payment method is left blank,
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registering a payment with that payment method will not create any journal entry.
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- A default :ref:`bank journal <accounting/journals/bank>` is available and can be used to
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configure your bank account by going to :menuselection:`Accounting --> Configuration -->
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Accounting: Journals --> Bank`. Open it and edit the different fields to match your bank
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account information.
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.. toctree::
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:titlesonly:

‎content/applications/finance/accounting/bank/bank-journal-config.png

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‎content/applications/finance/accounting/get_started.rst

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@@ -191,6 +191,7 @@ Get started with Stripe and enable secure integrated credit and debit card payme
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get_started/cheat_sheet
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get_started/chart_of_accounts
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get_started/consolidation
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get_started/journals
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get_started/multi_currency
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get_started/avg_price_valuation
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get_started/tax_units

‎content/applications/finance/accounting/get_started/chart_of_accounts.rst

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@@ -54,45 +54,45 @@ Correctly configuring the **account type** is critical as it serves multiple pur
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To configure an account type, open the :guilabel:`Type` field's drop-down selector and select the
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corresponding type from the following list:
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+---------------+--------------+-------------------------+
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| Report | Category | Account Types |
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+===============+==============+=========================+
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| Balance Sheet | Assets | Receivable |
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| | +-------------------------+
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| | | Bank and Cash |
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| | +-------------------------+
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| | | Current Assets |
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| | +-------------------------+
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| | | Non-current Assets |
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| | +-------------------------+
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| | | Prepayments |
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| | +-------------------------+
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| | | Fixed Assets |
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| +--------------+-------------------------+
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| | Liabilities | Payable |
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| | +-------------------------+
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| | | Credit Card |
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| | +-------------------------+
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| | | Current Liabilities |
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| | +-------------------------+
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| | | Non-current Liabilities |
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| +--------------+-------------------------+
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| | Equity | Equity |
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| | +-------------------------+
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| | | Current Year Earnings |
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+---------------+--------------+-------------------------+
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| Profit & Loss | Income | Income |
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| | +-------------------------+
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| | | Other Income |
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| +--------------+-------------------------+
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| | Expense | Expense |
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| | +-------------------------+
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| | | Depreciation |
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| | +-------------------------+
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| | | Cost of Revenue |
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+---------------+--------------+-------------------------+
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|Other | Other | Off-Balance Sheet |
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+---------------+--------------+-------------------------+
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+---------------+-------------+-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| Report | Category | Account Types | Description |
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+===============+=============+=========================+================================================================================================================+
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| Balance Sheet | Assets | Receivable | Money owed to the company by customers for goods or services delivered |
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| | +-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| | | Bank and Cash | Funds held in company bank accounts or on hand as cash |
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| | +-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| | | Current Assets | Short-term assets expected to be converted into cash within a year |
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| | +-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| | | Non-current Assets | Long-term assets not expected to be converted to cash within a year |
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| | +-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| | | Prepayments | Payments made in advance for goods or services to be received in the future |
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| | +-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| | | Fixed Assets | Tangible long-term assets like building, machinery, and vehicles used in operation and subject to depreciation |
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| +-------------+-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| | Liabilities | Payable | Money the company owes to suppliers or vendors |
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| | +-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| | | Credit Card | Balances and transactions associated with company credit card usage |
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| | +-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| | | Current Liabilities | Obligations due within one year, such as short-term loans or accrued expenses |
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| | +-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| | | Non-current Liabilities | Long-term debts and financial obligations due beyond one year |
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| +-------------+-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| | Equity | Equity | The owner's residual interest in the company after liabilities are deducted from assets |
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| | +-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| | | Current Year Earnings | The company's net profit or loss accumulated in the current fiscal year |
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+---------------+-------------+-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| Profit & Loss | Income | Income | Revenue generated from the company's primary business activities |
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| | +-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| | | Other Income | Revenue from secondary or non-operational sources, like interest or asset sales |
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| +-------------+-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| | Expense | Expense | Costs incurred during operations to generate revenue |
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| | +-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| | | Depreciation | The allocation of the cost of tangible assets over their useful life |
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| | +-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| | | Cost of Revenue | Direct costs attributable to the production or delivery of goods and services |
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+---------------+-------------+-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| Other | Other | Off-Balance Sheet | Transactions not displayed on the balance sheet or profit and loss report |
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+---------------+-------------+-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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Assets
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~~~~~~
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Allow reconciliation
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--------------------
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Some accounts, such as accounts made to record the transactions of a payment method, can be used for
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the reconciliation of journal entries.
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To keep the reconciliation process simple, when reconciling a bank, cash, or credit card transaction
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with an existing journal item, only journal items that debit or credit accounts with the
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:guilabel:`Allow reconciliation` option enabled are displayed as possible matches.
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For example, an invoice paid with a credit card can be marked as :guilabel:`paid` if reconciled with
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its payment. Therefore, the account used to record credit card payments needs to be configured as
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**allowing reconciliation**.
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To do so, check the :guilabel:`Allow Reconciliation` box in the account's settings, and
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:guilabel:`Save`; or enable the button from the chart of accounts view.
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.. image:: chart_of_accounts/chart-of-accounts-reconciliation.png
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:alt: Allow reconciliation for accounts in Odoo Accounting
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To enable this option on an account, tick the :guilabel:`Allow Reconciliation` checkbox in the
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account's settings, and :guilabel:`Save`; or enable the button from the chart of accounts view.
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.. _coa_shared_accounts:
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‎content/applications/finance/accounting/get_started/chart_of_accounts/chart-of-accounts-reconciliation.png

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