When working in a project where some paths are not blacked yet, you may configure file discovery and run something like:

black .

Once you have this, you may need to integrate black in your editor, and some plugins end up piping from stdin:

stdin | black - --stdin-filename "$FILEPATH"

The problem is the integration will fail when trying to format a file being excluded by force-exclude directive.

You can check other tools like ruff output unformatted stdin in this case:

astral-sh/ruff#8596

So they can have editor integrations such as:

https://github.com/JoshHayes/emacs-ruff-format/blob/main/ruff-format.el#L43

Where they just pipe the content of the buffer to their cli