/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------

Python Codec Registry and support functions

Written by Marc-Andre Lemburg ([email protected]).

Copyright (c) Corporation for National Research Initiatives.

------------------------------------------------------------------------ */

#include "Python.h"

#include "ucnhash.h"

#include <ctype.h>

const char *Py_hexdigits = "0123456789abcdef";

/* --- Codec Registry ----------------------------------------------------- */

/* Import the standard encodings package which will register the first

codec search function.

This is done in a lazy way so that the Unicode implementation does

not downgrade startup time of scripts not needing it.

ImportErrors are silently ignored by this function. Only one try is

made.

*/

static int _PyCodecRegistry_Init(void); /* Forward */

int PyCodec_Register(PyObject *search_function)

{

PyInterpreterState *interp = PyThreadState_GET()->interp;

if (interp->codec_search_path == NULL && _PyCodecRegistry_Init())

goto onError;

if (search_function == NULL) {

PyErr_BadArgument();

goto onError;

}

if (!PyCallable_Check(search_function)) {

PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "argument must be callable");

goto onError;

}

return PyList_Append(interp->codec_search_path, search_function);

onError:

return -1;

}

/* Convert a string to a normalized Python string: all characters are

converted to lower case, spaces are replaced with underscores. */

static

PyObject *normalizestring(const char *string)

{

size_t i;

size_t len = strlen(string);

char *p;

PyObject *v;

if (len > PY_SSIZE_T_MAX) {

PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError, "string is too large");

return NULL;

}

p = PyMem_Malloc(len + 1);

if (p == NULL)

return PyErr_NoMemory();

for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {

char ch = string[i];

if (ch == ' ')

ch = '-';

else

ch = Py_TOLOWER(Py_CHARMASK(ch));

p[i] = ch;

}

p[i] = '\0';

v = PyUnicode_FromString(p);

if (v == NULL)

return NULL;

PyMem_Free(p);

return v;

}

/* Lookup the given encoding and return a tuple providing the codec

facilities.

The encoding string is looked up converted to all lower-case

characters. This makes encodings looked up through this mechanism

effectively case-insensitive.

If no codec is found, a LookupError is set and NULL returned.

As side effect, this tries to load the encodings package, if not

yet done. This is part of the lazy load strategy for the encodings

package.

*/

PyObject *_PyCodec_Lookup(const char *encoding)

{

PyInterpreterState *interp;

PyObject *result, *args = NULL, *v;

Py_ssize_t i, len;

if (encoding == NULL) {

PyErr_BadArgument();

goto onError;

}

interp = PyThreadState_GET()->interp;

if (interp->codec_search_path == NULL && _PyCodecRegistry_Init())

goto onError;

/* Convert the encoding to a normalized Python string: all

characters are converted to lower case, spaces and hyphens are

replaced with underscores. */

v = normalizestring(encoding);

if (v == NULL)

goto onError;

PyUnicode_InternInPlace(&v);

/* First, try to lookup the name in the registry dictionary */

result = PyDict_GetItem(interp->codec_search_cache, v);

if (result != NULL) {

Py_INCREF(result);

Py_DECREF(v);

return result;

}

/* Next, scan the search functions in order of registration */

args = PyTuple_New(1);

if (args == NULL)

goto onError;

PyTuple_SET_ITEM(args,0,v);

len = PyList_Size(interp->codec_search_path);

if (len < 0)

goto onError;

if (len == 0) {

PyErr_SetString(PyExc_LookupError,

"no codec search functions registered: "

"can't find encoding");

goto onError;

}

for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {

PyObject *func;

func = PyList_GetItem(interp->codec_search_path, i);

if (func == NULL)

goto onError;

result = PyEval_CallObject(func, args);

if (result == NULL)

goto onError;

if (result == Py_None) {

Py_DECREF(result);

continue;

}

if (!PyTuple_Check(result) || PyTuple_GET_SIZE(result) != 4) {

PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,

"codec search functions must return 4-tuples");

Py_DECREF(result);

goto onError;

}

break;

}

if (i == len) {

/* XXX Perhaps we should cache misses too ? */

PyErr_Format(PyExc_LookupError,

"unknown encoding: %s", encoding);

goto onError;

}

/* Cache and return the result */

if (PyDict_SetItem(interp->codec_search_cache, v, result) < 0) {

Py_DECREF(result);

goto onError;

}

Py_DECREF(args);

return result;

onError:

Py_XDECREF(args);

return NULL;

}

int _PyCodec_Forget(const char *encoding)

{

PyInterpreterState *interp;

PyObject *v;

int result;

interp = PyThreadState_GET()->interp;

if (interp->codec_search_path == NULL) {

return -1;

}

/* Convert the encoding to a normalized Python string: all

characters are converted to lower case, spaces and hyphens are

replaced with underscores. */

v = normalizestring(encoding);

if (v == NULL) {

return -1;

}

/* Drop the named codec from the internal cache */

result = PyDict_DelItem(interp->codec_search_cache, v);

Py_DECREF(v);

return result;

}

/* Codec registry encoding check API. */

int PyCodec_KnownEncoding(const char *encoding)

{

PyObject *codecs;

codecs = _PyCodec_Lookup(encoding);

if (!codecs) {

PyErr_Clear();

return 0;

}

else {

Py_DECREF(codecs);

return 1;

}

}

static

PyObject *args_tuple(PyObject *object,

const char *errors)

{

PyObject *args;

args = PyTuple_New(1 + (errors != NULL));

if (args == NULL)

return NULL;

Py_INCREF(object);

PyTuple_SET_ITEM(args,0,object);

if (errors) {

PyObject *v;

v = PyUnicode_FromString(errors);

if (v == NULL) {

Py_DECREF(args);

return NULL;

}

PyTuple_SET_ITEM(args, 1, v);

}

return args;

}

/* Helper function to get a codec item */

static

PyObject *codec_getitem(const char *encoding, int index)

{

PyObject *codecs;

PyObject *v;

codecs = _PyCodec_Lookup(encoding);

if (codecs == NULL)

return NULL;

v = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(codecs, index);

Py_DECREF(codecs);

Py_INCREF(v);

return v;

}

/* Helper functions to create an incremental codec. */

static

PyObject *codec_makeincrementalcodec(PyObject *codec_info,

const char *errors,

const char *attrname)

{

PyObject *ret, *inccodec;

inccodec = PyObject_GetAttrString(codec_info, attrname);

if (inccodec == NULL)

return NULL;

if (errors)

ret = PyObject_CallFunction(inccodec, "s", errors);

else

ret = PyObject_CallFunction(inccodec, NULL);

Py_DECREF(inccodec);

return ret;

}

static

PyObject *codec_getincrementalcodec(const char *encoding,

const char *errors,

const char *attrname)

{

PyObject *codec_info, *ret;

codec_info = _PyCodec_Lookup(encoding);

if (codec_info == NULL)

return NULL;

ret = codec_makeincrementalcodec(codec_info, errors, attrname);

Py_DECREF(codec_info);

return ret;

}

/* Helper function to create a stream codec. */

static

PyObject *codec_getstreamcodec(const char *encoding,

PyObject *stream,

const char *errors,

const int index)

{

PyObject *codecs, *streamcodec, *codeccls;

codecs = _PyCodec_Lookup(encoding);

if (codecs == NULL)

return NULL;

codeccls = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(codecs, index);

if (errors != NULL)

streamcodec = PyObject_CallFunction(codeccls, "Os", stream, errors);

else

streamcodec = PyObject_CallFunction(codeccls, "O", stream);

Py_DECREF(codecs);

return streamcodec;

}

/* Helpers to work with the result of _PyCodec_Lookup

*/

PyObject *_PyCodecInfo_GetIncrementalDecoder(PyObject *codec_info,

const char *errors)

{

return codec_makeincrementalcodec(codec_info, errors,

"incrementaldecoder");

}

PyObject *_PyCodecInfo_GetIncrementalEncoder(PyObject *codec_info,

const char *errors)

{

return codec_makeincrementalcodec(codec_info, errors,

"incrementalencoder");

}

/* Convenience APIs to query the Codec registry.

All APIs return a codec object with incremented refcount.

*/

PyObject *PyCodec_Encoder(const char *encoding)

{

return codec_getitem(encoding, 0);

}

PyObject *PyCodec_Decoder(const char *encoding)

{

return codec_getitem(encoding, 1);

}

PyObject *PyCodec_IncrementalEncoder(const char *encoding,

const char *errors)

{

return codec_getincrementalcodec(encoding, errors, "incrementalencoder");

}

PyObject *PyCodec_IncrementalDecoder(const char *encoding,

const char *errors)

{

return codec_getincrementalcodec(encoding, errors, "incrementaldecoder");

}

PyObject *PyCodec_StreamReader(const char *encoding,

PyObject *stream,

const char *errors)

{

return codec_getstreamcodec(encoding, stream, errors, 2);

}

PyObject *PyCodec_StreamWriter(const char *encoding,

PyObject *stream,

const char *errors)

{

return codec_getstreamcodec(encoding, stream, errors, 3);

}

/* Helper that tries to ensure the reported exception chain indicates the

* codec that was invoked to trigger the failure without changing the type

* of the exception raised.

*/

static void

wrap_codec_error(const char *operation,

const char *encoding)

{

/* TrySetFromCause will replace the active exception with a suitably

* updated clone if it can, otherwise it will leave the original

* exception alone.

*/

_PyErr_TrySetFromCause("%s with '%s' codec failed",

operation, encoding);

}

/* Encode an object (e.g. an Unicode object) using the given encoding

and return the resulting encoded object (usually a Python string).

errors is passed to the encoder factory as argument if non-NULL. */

static PyObject *

_PyCodec_EncodeInternal(PyObject *object,

PyObject *encoder,

const char *encoding,

const char *errors)

{

PyObject *args = NULL, *result = NULL;

PyObject *v = NULL;

args = args_tuple(object, errors);

if (args == NULL)

goto onError;

result = PyEval_CallObject(encoder, args);

if (result == NULL) {

wrap_codec_error("encoding", encoding);

goto onError;

}

if (!PyTuple_Check(result) ||

PyTuple_GET_SIZE(result) != 2) {

PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,

"encoder must return a tuple (object, integer)");

goto onError;

}

v = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(result,0);

Py_INCREF(v);

/* We don't check or use the second (integer) entry. */

Py_DECREF(args);

Py_DECREF(encoder);

Py_DECREF(result);

return v;

onError:

Py_XDECREF(result);

Py_XDECREF(args);

Py_XDECREF(encoder);

return NULL;

}

/* Decode an object (usually a Python string) using the given encoding

and return an equivalent object (e.g. an Unicode object).

errors is passed to the decoder factory as argument if non-NULL. */

static PyObject *

_PyCodec_DecodeInternal(PyObject *object,

PyObject *decoder,

const char *encoding,

const char *errors)

{

PyObject *args = NULL, *result = NULL;

PyObject *v;

args = args_tuple(object, errors);

if (args == NULL)

goto onError;

result = PyEval_CallObject(decoder,args);

if (result == NULL) {

wrap_codec_error("decoding", encoding);

goto onError;

}

if (!PyTuple_Check(result) ||

PyTuple_GET_SIZE(result) != 2) {

PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,

"decoder must return a tuple (object,integer)");

goto onError;

}

v = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(result,0);

Py_INCREF(v);

/* We don't check or use the second (integer) entry. */

Py_DECREF(args);

Py_DECREF(decoder);

Py_DECREF(result);

return v;

onError:

Py_XDECREF(args);

Py_XDECREF(decoder);

Py_XDECREF(result);

return NULL;

}

/* Generic encoding/decoding API */

PyObject *PyCodec_Encode(PyObject *object,

const char *encoding,

const char *errors)

{

PyObject *encoder;

encoder = PyCodec_Encoder(encoding);

if (encoder == NULL)

return NULL;

return _PyCodec_EncodeInternal(object, encoder, encoding, errors);

}

PyObject *PyCodec_Decode(PyObject *object,

const char *encoding,

const char *errors)

{

PyObject *decoder;

decoder = PyCodec_Decoder(encoding);

if (decoder == NULL)

return NULL;

return _PyCodec_DecodeInternal(object, decoder, encoding, errors);

}

/* Text encoding/decoding API */

PyObject * _PyCodec_LookupTextEncoding(const char *encoding,

const char *alternate_command)

{

_Py_IDENTIFIER(_is_text_encoding);

PyObject *codec;

PyObject *attr;

int is_text_codec;

codec = _PyCodec_Lookup(encoding);

if (codec == NULL)

return NULL;

/* Backwards compatibility: assume any raw tuple describes a text

* encoding, and the same for anything lacking the private

* attribute.

*/

if (!PyTuple_CheckExact(codec)) {

attr = _PyObject_GetAttrId(codec, &PyId__is_text_encoding);

if (attr == NULL) {

if (PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_AttributeError)) {

PyErr_Clear();

} else {

Py_DECREF(codec);

return NULL;

}

} else {

is_text_codec = PyObject_IsTrue(attr);

Py_DECREF(attr);

if (!is_text_codec) {

Py_DECREF(codec);

PyErr_Format(PyExc_LookupError,

"'%.400s' is not a text encoding; "

"use %s to handle arbitrary codecs",

encoding, alternate_command);

return NULL;

}

}

}

/* This appears to be a valid text encoding */

return codec;

}

static

PyObject *codec_getitem_checked(const char *encoding,

const char *alternate_command,

int index)

{

PyObject *codec;

PyObject *v;

codec = _PyCodec_LookupTextEncoding(encoding, alternate_command);

if (codec == NULL)

return NULL;

v = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(codec, index);

Py_INCREF(v);

Py_DECREF(codec);

return v;

}

static PyObject * _PyCodec_TextEncoder(const char *encoding)

{

return codec_getitem_checked(encoding, "codecs.encode()", 0);

}

static PyObject * _PyCodec_TextDecoder(const char *encoding)

{

return codec_getitem_checked(encoding, "codecs.decode()", 1);

}

PyObject *_PyCodec_EncodeText(PyObject *object,

const char *encoding,

const char *errors)

{

PyObject *encoder;

encoder = _PyCodec_TextEncoder(encoding);

if (encoder == NULL)

return NULL;

return _PyCodec_EncodeInternal(object, encoder, encoding, errors);

}

PyObject *_PyCodec_DecodeText(PyObject *object,

const char *encoding,

const char *errors)

{

PyObject *decoder;

decoder = _PyCodec_TextDecoder(encoding);

if (decoder == NULL)

return NULL;

return _PyCodec_DecodeInternal(object, decoder, encoding, errors);

}

/* Register the error handling callback function error under the name

name. This function will be called by the codec when it encounters

an unencodable characters/undecodable bytes and doesn't know the

callback name, when name is specified as the error parameter

in the call to the encode/decode function.

Return 0 on success, -1 on error */

int PyCodec_RegisterError(const char *name, PyObject *error)

{

PyInterpreterState *interp = PyThreadState_GET()->interp;

if (interp->codec_search_path == NULL && _PyCodecRegistry_Init())

return -1;

if (!PyCallable_Check(error)) {

PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "handler must be callable");

return -1;

}

return PyDict_SetItemString(interp->codec_error_registry,

name, error);

}

/* Lookup the error handling callback function registered under the

name error. As a special case NULL can be passed, in which case

the error handling callback for strict encoding will be returned. */

PyObject *PyCodec_LookupError(const char *name)

{

PyObject *handler = NULL;

PyInterpreterState *interp = PyThreadState_GET()->interp;

if (interp->codec_search_path == NULL && _PyCodecRegistry_Init())

return NULL;

if (name==NULL)

name = "strict";

handler = PyDict_GetItemString(interp->codec_error_registry, name);

if (!handler)

PyErr_Format(PyExc_LookupError, "unknown error handler name '%.400s'", name);

else

Py_INCREF(handler);

return handler;

}

static void wrong_exception_type(PyObject *exc)

{

_Py_IDENTIFIER(__class__);

_Py_IDENTIFIER(__name__);

PyObject *type = _PyObject_GetAttrId(exc, &PyId___class__);

if (type != NULL) {

PyObject *name = _PyObject_GetAttrId(type, &PyId___name__);

Py_DECREF(type);

if (name != NULL) {

PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,

"don't know how to handle %S in error callback", name);

Py_DECREF(name);

}

}

}

PyObject *PyCodec_StrictErrors(PyObject *exc)

{

if (PyExceptionInstance_Check(exc))

PyErr_SetObject(PyExceptionInstance_Class(exc), exc);

else

PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "codec must pass exception instance");

return NULL;

}

PyObject *PyCodec_IgnoreErrors(PyObject *exc)

{

Py_ssize_t end;

if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeEncodeError)) {

if (PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetEnd(exc, &end))

return NULL;

}

else if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeDecodeError)) {

if (PyUnicodeDecodeError_GetEnd(exc, &end))

return NULL;

}

else if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeTranslateError)) {

if (PyUnicodeTranslateError_GetEnd(exc, &end))

return NULL;

}

else {

wrong_exception_type(exc);

return NULL;

}

return Py_BuildValue("(Nn)", PyUnicode_New(0, 0), end);

}

PyObject *PyCodec_ReplaceErrors(PyObject *exc)

{

Py_ssize_t start, end, i, len;

if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeEncodeError)) {

PyObject *res;

int kind;

void *data;

if (PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetStart(exc, &start))

return NULL;

if (PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetEnd(exc, &end))

return NULL;

len = end - start;

res = PyUnicode_New(len, '?');

if (res == NULL)

return NULL;

kind = PyUnicode_KIND(res);

data = PyUnicode_DATA(res);

for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)

PyUnicode_WRITE(kind, data, i, '?');

assert(_PyUnicode_CheckConsistency(res, 1));

return Py_BuildValue("(Nn)", res, end);

}

else if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeDecodeError)) {

if (PyUnicodeDecodeError_GetEnd(exc, &end))

return NULL;

return Py_BuildValue("(Cn)",

(int)Py_UNICODE_REPLACEMENT_CHARACTER,

end);

}

else if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeTranslateError)) {

PyObject *res;

int kind;

void *data;

if (PyUnicodeTranslateError_GetStart(exc, &start))

return NULL;

if (PyUnicodeTranslateError_GetEnd(exc, &end))

return NULL;

len = end - start;

res = PyUnicode_New(len, Py_UNICODE_REPLACEMENT_CHARACTER);

if (res == NULL)

return NULL;

kind = PyUnicode_KIND(res);

data = PyUnicode_DATA(res);

for (i=0; i < len; i++)

PyUnicode_WRITE(kind, data, i, Py_UNICODE_REPLACEMENT_CHARACTER);

assert(_PyUnicode_CheckConsistency(res, 1));

return Py_BuildValue("(Nn)", res, end);

}

else {

wrong_exception_type(exc);

return NULL;

}

}

PyObject *PyCodec_XMLCharRefReplaceErrors(PyObject *exc)

{

if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeEncodeError)) {

PyObject *restuple;

PyObject *object;

Py_ssize_t i;

Py_ssize_t start;

Py_ssize_t end;

PyObject *res;

unsigned char *outp;

Py_ssize_t ressize;

Py_UCS4 ch;

if (PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetStart(exc, &start))

return NULL;

if (PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetEnd(exc, &end))

return NULL;

if (!(object = PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetObject(exc)))

return NULL;

if (end - start > PY_SSIZE_T_MAX / (2+7+1))

end = start + PY_SSIZE_T_MAX / (2+7+1);

for (i = start, ressize = 0; i < end; ++i) {

/* object is guaranteed to be "ready" */

ch = PyUnicode_READ_CHAR(object, i);

if (ch<10)

ressize += 2+1+1;

else if (ch<100)

ressize += 2+2+1;

else if (ch<1000)

ressize += 2+3+1;

else if (ch<10000)

ressize += 2+4+1;

else if (ch<100000)

ressize += 2+5+1;

else if (ch<1000000)

ressize += 2+6+1;

else

ressize += 2+7+1;

}

/* allocate replacement */

res = PyUnicode_New(ressize, 127);

if (res == NULL) {

Py_DECREF(object);

return NULL;

}

outp = PyUnicode_1BYTE_DATA(res);

/* generate replacement */

for (i = start; i < end; ++i) {

int digits;

int base;

ch = PyUnicode_READ_CHAR(object, i);

*outp++ = '&';

*outp++ = '#';

if (ch<10) {

digits = 1;

base = 1;

}

else if (ch<100) {

digits = 2;

base = 10;

}

else if (ch<1000) {

digits = 3;

base = 100;

}

else if (ch<10000) {

digits = 4;

base = 1000;

}

else if (ch<100000) {

digits = 5;

base = 10000;

}

else if (ch<1000000) {

digits = 6;

base = 100000;

}

else {

digits = 7;

base = 1000000;

}

while (digits-->0) {

*outp++ = '0' + ch/base;

ch %= base;

base /= 10;

}

*outp++ = ';';

}

assert(_PyUnicode_CheckConsistency(res, 1));

restuple = Py_BuildValue("(Nn)", res, end);

Py_DECREF(object);

return restuple;

}

else {

wrong_exception_type(exc);

return NULL;

}

}

PyObject *PyCodec_BackslashReplaceErrors(PyObject *exc)

{

if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeEncodeError)) {

PyObject *restuple;

PyObject *object;

Py_ssize_t i;

Py_ssize_t start;

Py_ssize_t end;

PyObject *res;

unsigned char *outp;

Py_ssize_t ressize;

Py_UCS4 c;

if (PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetStart(exc, &start))

return NULL;

if (PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetEnd(exc, &end))

return NULL;

if (!(object = PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetObject(exc)))

return NULL;

if (end - start > PY_SSIZE_T_MAX / (1+1+8))

end = start + PY_SSIZE_T_MAX / (1+1+8);

for (i = start, ressize = 0; i < end; ++i) {

/* object is guaranteed to be "ready" */

c = PyUnicode_READ_CHAR(object, i);

if (c >= 0x10000) {

ressize += 1+1+8;

}

else if (c >= 0x100) {

ressize += 1+1+4;

}

else

ressize += 1+1+2;

}

res = PyUnicode_New(ressize, 127);

if (res == NULL) {

Py_DECREF(object);

return NULL;

}

for (i = start, outp = PyUnicode_1BYTE_DATA(res);

i < end; ++i) {

c = PyUnicode_READ_CHAR(object, i);

*outp++ = '\\';

if (c >= 0x00010000) {

*outp++ = 'U';

*outp++ = Py_hexdigits[(c>>28)&0xf];

*outp++ = Py_hexdigits[(c>>24)&0xf];

*outp++ = Py_hexdigits[(c>>20)&0xf];

*outp++ = Py_hexdigits[(c>>16)&0xf];

*outp++ = Py_hexdigits[(c>>12)&0xf];

*outp++ = Py_hexdigits[(c>>8)&0xf];

}

else if (c >= 0x100) {

*outp++ = 'u';

*outp++ = Py_hexdigits[(c>>12)&0xf];

*outp++ = Py_hexdigits[(c>>8)&0xf];

}

else

*outp++ = 'x';

*outp++ = Py_hexdigits[(c>>4)&0xf];

*outp++ = Py_hexdigits[c&0xf];

}

assert(_PyUnicode_CheckConsistency(res, 1));

restuple = Py_BuildValue("(Nn)", res, end);

Py_DECREF(object);

return restuple;

}

else {

wrong_exception_type(exc);

return NULL;

}

}

static _PyUnicode_Name_CAPI *ucnhash_CAPI = NULL;

static int ucnhash_initialized = 0;

PyObject *PyCodec_NameReplaceErrors(PyObject *exc)

{

if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeEncodeError)) {

PyObject *restuple;

PyObject *object;

Py_ssize_t i;

Py_ssize_t start;

Py_ssize_t end;

PyObject *res;

unsigned char *outp;

int ressize;

Py_UCS4 c;

char buffer[256]; /* NAME_MAXLEN */

if (PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetStart(exc, &start))

return NULL;

if (PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetEnd(exc, &end))

return NULL;

if (!(object = PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetObject(exc)))

return NULL;

if (!ucnhash_initialized) {

/* load the unicode data module */

ucnhash_CAPI = (_PyUnicode_Name_CAPI *)PyCapsule_Import(

PyUnicodeData_CAPSULE_NAME, 1);

ucnhash_initialized = 1;

}

for (i = start, ressize = 0; i < end; ++i) {

/* object is guaranteed to be "ready" */

c = PyUnicode_READ_CHAR(object, i);

if (ucnhash_CAPI &&

ucnhash_CAPI->getname(NULL, c, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 1)) {

ressize += 1+1+1+strlen(buffer)+1;

}

else if (c >= 0x10000) {

ressize += 1+1+8;

}

else if (c >= 0x100) {

ressize += 1+1+4;

}

else

ressize += 1+1+2;

}

res = PyUnicode_New(ressize, 127);

if (res==NULL)

return NULL;

for (i = start, outp = PyUnicode_1BYTE_DATA(res);

i < end; ++i) {

c = PyUnicode_READ_CHAR(object, i);

*outp++ = '\\';

if (ucnhash_CAPI &&

ucnhash_CAPI->getname(NULL, c, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 1)) {

*outp++ = 'N';

*outp++ = '{';

strcpy((char *)outp, buffer);

outp += strlen(buffer);

*outp++ = '}';

continue;

}

if (c >= 0x00010000) {

*outp++ = 'U';

*outp++ = Py_hexdigits[(c>>28)&0xf];

*outp++ = Py_hexdigits[(c>>24)&0xf];