/* Traceback implementation */

#include "Python.h"

#include "pycore_pystate.h"

#include "code.h"

#include "frameobject.h"

#include "structmember.h"

#include "osdefs.h"

#ifdef HAVE_FCNTL_H

#include <fcntl.h>

#endif

#define OFF(x) offsetof(PyTracebackObject, x)

#define PUTS(fd, str) _Py_write_noraise(fd, str, (int)strlen(str))

#define MAX_STRING_LENGTH 500

#define MAX_FRAME_DEPTH 100

#define MAX_NTHREADS 100

/* Function from Parser/tokenizer.c */

extern char * PyTokenizer_FindEncodingFilename(int, PyObject *);

_Py_IDENTIFIER(TextIOWrapper);

_Py_IDENTIFIER(close);

_Py_IDENTIFIER(open);

_Py_IDENTIFIER(path);

/*[clinic input]

class TracebackType "PyTracebackObject *" "&PyTraceback_Type"

[clinic start generated code]*/

/*[clinic end generated code: output=da39a3ee5e6b4b0d input=928fa06c10151120]*/

#include "clinic/traceback.c.h"

static PyObject *

tb_create_raw(PyTracebackObject *next, PyFrameObject *frame, int lasti,

int lineno)

{

PyTracebackObject *tb;

if ((next != NULL && !PyTraceBack_Check(next)) ||

frame == NULL || !PyFrame_Check(frame)) {

PyErr_BadInternalCall();

return NULL;

}

tb = PyObject_GC_New(PyTracebackObject, &PyTraceBack_Type);

if (tb != NULL) {

Py_XINCREF(next);

tb->tb_next = next;

Py_XINCREF(frame);

tb->tb_frame = frame;

tb->tb_lasti = lasti;

tb->tb_lineno = lineno;

PyObject_GC_Track(tb);

}

return (PyObject *)tb;

}

/*[clinic input]

@classmethod

TracebackType.__new__ as tb_new

tb_next: object

tb_frame: object(type='PyFrameObject *', subclass_of='&PyFrame_Type')

tb_lasti: int

tb_lineno: int

Create a new traceback object.

[clinic start generated code]*/

static PyObject *

tb_new_impl(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *tb_next, PyFrameObject *tb_frame,

int tb_lasti, int tb_lineno)

/*[clinic end generated code: output=fa077debd72d861a input=01cbe8ec8783fca7]*/

{

if (tb_next == Py_None) {

tb_next = NULL;

} else if (!PyTraceBack_Check(tb_next)) {

return PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,

"expected traceback object or None, got '%s'",

Py_TYPE(tb_next)->tp_name);

}

return tb_create_raw((PyTracebackObject *)tb_next, tb_frame, tb_lasti,

tb_lineno);

}

static PyObject *

tb_dir(PyTracebackObject *self, PyObject *Py_UNUSED(ignored))

{

return Py_BuildValue("[ssss]", "tb_frame", "tb_next",

"tb_lasti", "tb_lineno");

}

static PyObject *

tb_next_get(PyTracebackObject *self, void *Py_UNUSED(_))

{

PyObject* ret = (PyObject*)self->tb_next;

if (!ret) {

ret = Py_None;

}

Py_INCREF(ret);

return ret;

}

static int

tb_next_set(PyTracebackObject *self, PyObject *new_next, void *Py_UNUSED(_))

{

if (!new_next) {

PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "can't delete tb_next attribute");

return -1;

}

/* We accept None or a traceback object, and map None -> NULL (inverse of

tb_next_get) */

if (new_next == Py_None) {

new_next = NULL;

} else if (!PyTraceBack_Check(new_next)) {

PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,

"expected traceback object, got '%s'",

Py_TYPE(new_next)->tp_name);

return -1;

}

/* Check for loops */

PyTracebackObject *cursor = (PyTracebackObject *)new_next;

while (cursor) {

if (cursor == self) {

PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError, "traceback loop detected");

return -1;

}

cursor = cursor->tb_next;

}

PyObject *old_next = (PyObject*)self->tb_next;

Py_XINCREF(new_next);

self->tb_next = (PyTracebackObject *)new_next;

Py_XDECREF(old_next);

return 0;

}

static PyMethodDef tb_methods[] = {

{"__dir__", (PyCFunction)tb_dir, METH_NOARGS},

{NULL, NULL, 0, NULL},

};

static PyMemberDef tb_memberlist[] = {

{"tb_frame", T_OBJECT, OFF(tb_frame), READONLY},

{"tb_lasti", T_INT, OFF(tb_lasti), READONLY},

{"tb_lineno", T_INT, OFF(tb_lineno), READONLY},

{NULL} /* Sentinel */

};

static PyGetSetDef tb_getsetters[] = {

{"tb_next", (getter)tb_next_get, (setter)tb_next_set, NULL, NULL},

{NULL} /* Sentinel */

};

static void

tb_dealloc(PyTracebackObject *tb)

{

PyObject_GC_UnTrack(tb);

Py_TRASHCAN_BEGIN(tb, tb_dealloc)

Py_XDECREF(tb->tb_next);

Py_XDECREF(tb->tb_frame);

PyObject_GC_Del(tb);

Py_TRASHCAN_END

}

static int

tb_traverse(PyTracebackObject *tb, visitproc visit, void *arg)

{

Py_VISIT(tb->tb_next);

Py_VISIT(tb->tb_frame);

return 0;

}

static int

tb_clear(PyTracebackObject *tb)

{

Py_CLEAR(tb->tb_next);

Py_CLEAR(tb->tb_frame);

return 0;

}

PyTypeObject PyTraceBack_Type = {

PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(&PyType_Type, 0)

"traceback",

sizeof(PyTracebackObject),

0,

(destructor)tb_dealloc, /*tp_dealloc*/

0, /*tp_print*/

0, /*tp_getattr*/

0, /*tp_setattr*/

0, /*tp_reserved*/

0, /*tp_repr*/

0, /*tp_as_number*/

0, /*tp_as_sequence*/

0, /*tp_as_mapping*/

0, /* tp_hash */

0, /* tp_call */

0, /* tp_str */

PyObject_GenericGetAttr, /* tp_getattro */

0, /* tp_setattro */

0, /* tp_as_buffer */

Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC,/* tp_flags */

tb_new__doc__, /* tp_doc */

(traverseproc)tb_traverse, /* tp_traverse */

(inquiry)tb_clear, /* tp_clear */

0, /* tp_richcompare */

0, /* tp_weaklistoffset */

0, /* tp_iter */

0, /* tp_iternext */

tb_methods, /* tp_methods */

tb_memberlist, /* tp_members */

tb_getsetters, /* tp_getset */

0, /* tp_base */

0, /* tp_dict */

0, /* tp_descr_get */

0, /* tp_descr_set */

0, /* tp_dictoffset */

0, /* tp_init */

0, /* tp_alloc */

tb_new, /* tp_new */

};

int

PyTraceBack_Here(PyFrameObject *frame)

{

PyObject *exc, *val, *tb, *newtb;

PyErr_Fetch(&exc, &val, &tb);

newtb = tb_create_raw((PyTracebackObject *)tb, frame, frame->f_lasti,

PyFrame_GetLineNumber(frame));

if (newtb == NULL) {

_PyErr_ChainExceptions(exc, val, tb);

return -1;

}

PyErr_Restore(exc, val, newtb);

Py_XDECREF(tb);

return 0;

}

/* Insert a frame into the traceback for (funcname, filename, lineno). */

void _PyTraceback_Add(const char *funcname, const char *filename, int lineno)

{

PyObject *globals;

PyCodeObject *code;

PyFrameObject *frame;

PyObject *exc, *val, *tb;

/* Save and clear the current exception. Python functions must not be

called with an exception set. Calling Python functions happens when

the codec of the filesystem encoding is implemented in pure Python. */

PyErr_Fetch(&exc, &val, &tb);

globals = PyDict_New();

if (!globals)

goto error;

code = PyCode_NewEmpty(filename, funcname, lineno);

if (!code) {

Py_DECREF(globals);

goto error;

}

frame = PyFrame_New(PyThreadState_Get(), code, globals, NULL);

Py_DECREF(globals);

Py_DECREF(code);

if (!frame)

goto error;

frame->f_lineno = lineno;

PyErr_Restore(exc, val, tb);

PyTraceBack_Here(frame);

Py_DECREF(frame);

return;

error:

_PyErr_ChainExceptions(exc, val, tb);

}

static PyObject *

_Py_FindSourceFile(PyObject *filename, char* namebuf, size_t namelen, PyObject *io)

{

Py_ssize_t i;

PyObject *binary;

PyObject *v;

Py_ssize_t npath;

size_t taillen;

PyObject *syspath;

PyObject *path;

const char* tail;

PyObject *filebytes;

const char* filepath;

Py_ssize_t len;

PyObject* result;

filebytes = PyUnicode_EncodeFSDefault(filename);

if (filebytes == NULL) {

PyErr_Clear();

return NULL;

}

filepath = PyBytes_AS_STRING(filebytes);

/* Search tail of filename in sys.path before giving up */

tail = strrchr(filepath, SEP);

if (tail == NULL)

tail = filepath;

else

tail++;

taillen = strlen(tail);

syspath = _PySys_GetObjectId(&PyId_path);

if (syspath == NULL || !PyList_Check(syspath))

goto error;

npath = PyList_Size(syspath);

for (i = 0; i < npath; i++) {

v = PyList_GetItem(syspath, i);

if (v == NULL) {

PyErr_Clear();

break;

}

if (!PyUnicode_Check(v))

continue;

path = PyUnicode_EncodeFSDefault(v);

if (path == NULL) {

PyErr_Clear();

continue;

}

len = PyBytes_GET_SIZE(path);

if (len + 1 + (Py_ssize_t)taillen >= (Py_ssize_t)namelen - 1) {

Py_DECREF(path);

continue; /* Too long */

}

strcpy(namebuf, PyBytes_AS_STRING(path));

Py_DECREF(path);

if (strlen(namebuf) != (size_t)len)

continue; /* v contains '\0' */

if (len > 0 && namebuf[len-1] != SEP)

namebuf[len++] = SEP;

strcpy(namebuf+len, tail);

binary = _PyObject_CallMethodId(io, &PyId_open, "ss", namebuf, "rb");

if (binary != NULL) {

result = binary;

goto finally;

}

PyErr_Clear();

}

goto error;

error:

result = NULL;

finally:

Py_DECREF(filebytes);

return result;

}

int

_Py_DisplaySourceLine(PyObject *f, PyObject *filename, int lineno, int indent)

{

int err = 0;

int fd;

int i;

char *found_encoding;

char *encoding;

PyObject *io;

PyObject *binary;

PyObject *fob = NULL;

PyObject *lineobj = NULL;

PyObject *res;

char buf[MAXPATHLEN+1];

int kind;

void *data;

/* open the file */

if (filename == NULL)

return 0;

io = PyImport_ImportModuleNoBlock("io");

if (io == NULL)

return -1;

binary = _PyObject_CallMethodId(io, &PyId_open, "Os", filename, "rb");

if (binary == NULL) {

PyErr_Clear();

binary = _Py_FindSourceFile(filename, buf, sizeof(buf), io);

if (binary == NULL) {

Py_DECREF(io);

return -1;

}

}

/* use the right encoding to decode the file as unicode */

fd = PyObject_AsFileDescriptor(binary);

if (fd < 0) {

Py_DECREF(io);

Py_DECREF(binary);

return 0;

}

found_encoding = PyTokenizer_FindEncodingFilename(fd, filename);

if (found_encoding == NULL)

PyErr_Clear();

encoding = (found_encoding != NULL) ? found_encoding : "utf-8";

/* Reset position */

if (lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET) == (off_t)-1) {

Py_DECREF(io);

Py_DECREF(binary);

PyMem_FREE(found_encoding);

return 0;

}

fob = _PyObject_CallMethodId(io, &PyId_TextIOWrapper, "Os", binary, encoding);

Py_DECREF(io);

PyMem_FREE(found_encoding);

if (fob == NULL) {

PyErr_Clear();

res = _PyObject_CallMethodId(binary, &PyId_close, NULL);

Py_DECREF(binary);

if (res)

Py_DECREF(res);

else

PyErr_Clear();

return 0;

}

Py_DECREF(binary);

/* get the line number lineno */

for (i = 0; i < lineno; i++) {

Py_XDECREF(lineobj);

lineobj = PyFile_GetLine(fob, -1);

if (!lineobj) {

PyErr_Clear();

err = -1;

break;

}

}

res = _PyObject_CallMethodId(fob, &PyId_close, NULL);

if (res)

Py_DECREF(res);

else

PyErr_Clear();

Py_DECREF(fob);

if (!lineobj || !PyUnicode_Check(lineobj)) {

Py_XDECREF(lineobj);

return err;

}

/* remove the indentation of the line */

kind = PyUnicode_KIND(lineobj);

data = PyUnicode_DATA(lineobj);

for (i=0; i < PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(lineobj); i++) {

Py_UCS4 ch = PyUnicode_READ(kind, data, i);

if (ch != ' ' && ch != '\t' && ch != '\014')

break;

}

if (i) {

PyObject *truncated;

truncated = PyUnicode_Substring(lineobj, i, PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(lineobj));

if (truncated) {

Py_DECREF(lineobj);

lineobj = truncated;

} else {

PyErr_Clear();

}

}

/* Write some spaces before the line */

strcpy(buf, " ");

assert (strlen(buf) == 10);

while (indent > 0) {

if (indent < 10)

buf[indent] = '\0';

err = PyFile_WriteString(buf, f);

if (err != 0)

break;

indent -= 10;

}

/* finally display the line */

if (err == 0)

err = PyFile_WriteObject(lineobj, f, Py_PRINT_RAW);

Py_DECREF(lineobj);

if (err == 0)

err = PyFile_WriteString("\n", f);

return err;

}

static int

tb_displayline(PyObject *f, PyObject *filename, int lineno, PyObject *name)

{

int err;

PyObject *line;

if (filename == NULL || name == NULL)

return -1;

line = PyUnicode_FromFormat(" File \"%U\", line %d, in %U\n",

filename, lineno, name);

if (line == NULL)

return -1;

err = PyFile_WriteObject(line, f, Py_PRINT_RAW);

Py_DECREF(line);

if (err != 0)

return err;

/* ignore errors since we can't report them, can we? */

if (_Py_DisplaySourceLine(f, filename, lineno, 4))

PyErr_Clear();

return err;

}

static const int TB_RECURSIVE_CUTOFF = 3; // Also hardcoded in traceback.py.

static int

tb_print_line_repeated(PyObject *f, long cnt)

{

cnt -= TB_RECURSIVE_CUTOFF;

PyObject *line = PyUnicode_FromFormat(

(cnt > 1)

? " [Previous line repeated %ld more times]\n"

: " [Previous line repeated %ld more time]\n",

cnt);

if (line == NULL) {

return -1;

}

int err = PyFile_WriteObject(line, f, Py_PRINT_RAW);

Py_DECREF(line);

return err;

}

static int

tb_printinternal(PyTracebackObject *tb, PyObject *f, long limit)

{

int err = 0;

Py_ssize_t depth = 0;

PyObject *last_file = NULL;

int last_line = -1;

PyObject *last_name = NULL;

long cnt = 0;

PyTracebackObject *tb1 = tb;

while (tb1 != NULL) {

depth++;

tb1 = tb1->tb_next;

}

while (tb != NULL && depth > limit) {

depth--;

tb = tb->tb_next;

}

while (tb != NULL && err == 0) {

if (last_file == NULL ||

tb->tb_frame->f_code->co_filename != last_file ||

last_line == -1 || tb->tb_lineno != last_line ||

last_name == NULL || tb->tb_frame->f_code->co_name != last_name) {

if (cnt > TB_RECURSIVE_CUTOFF) {

err = tb_print_line_repeated(f, cnt);

}

last_file = tb->tb_frame->f_code->co_filename;

last_line = tb->tb_lineno;

last_name = tb->tb_frame->f_code->co_name;

cnt = 0;

}

cnt++;

if (err == 0 && cnt <= TB_RECURSIVE_CUTOFF) {

err = tb_displayline(f,

tb->tb_frame->f_code->co_filename,

tb->tb_lineno,

tb->tb_frame->f_code->co_name);

if (err == 0) {

err = PyErr_CheckSignals();

}

}

tb = tb->tb_next;

}

if (err == 0 && cnt > TB_RECURSIVE_CUTOFF) {

err = tb_print_line_repeated(f, cnt);

}

return err;

}

#define PyTraceBack_LIMIT 1000

int

PyTraceBack_Print(PyObject *v, PyObject *f)

{

int err;

PyObject *limitv;

long limit = PyTraceBack_LIMIT;

if (v == NULL)

return 0;

if (!PyTraceBack_Check(v)) {

PyErr_BadInternalCall();

return -1;

}

limitv = PySys_GetObject("tracebacklimit");

if (limitv && PyLong_Check(limitv)) {

int overflow;

limit = PyLong_AsLongAndOverflow(limitv, &overflow);

if (overflow > 0) {

limit = LONG_MAX;

}

else if (limit <= 0) {

return 0;

}

}

err = PyFile_WriteString("Traceback (most recent call last):\n", f);

if (!err)

err = tb_printinternal((PyTracebackObject *)v, f, limit);

return err;

}

/* Reverse a string. For example, "abcd" becomes "dcba".

This function is signal safe. */

void

_Py_DumpDecimal(int fd, unsigned long value)

{

/* maximum number of characters required for output of %lld or %p.

We need at most ceil(log10(256)*SIZEOF_LONG_LONG) digits,

plus 1 for the null byte. 53/22 is an upper bound for log10(256). */

char buffer[1 + (sizeof(unsigned long)*53-1) / 22 + 1];

char *ptr, *end;

end = &buffer[Py_ARRAY_LENGTH(buffer) - 1];

ptr = end;

*ptr = '\0';

do {

--ptr;

assert(ptr >= buffer);

*ptr = '0' + (value % 10);

value /= 10;

} while (value);

_Py_write_noraise(fd, ptr, end - ptr);

}

/* Format an integer in range [0; 0xffffffff] to hexadecimal of 'width' digits,

and write it into the file fd.

This function is signal safe. */

void

_Py_DumpHexadecimal(int fd, unsigned long value, Py_ssize_t width)

{

char buffer[sizeof(unsigned long) * 2 + 1], *ptr, *end;

const Py_ssize_t size = Py_ARRAY_LENGTH(buffer) - 1;

if (width > size)

width = size;

/* it's ok if width is negative */

end = &buffer[size];

ptr = end;

*ptr = '\0';

do {

--ptr;

assert(ptr >= buffer);

*ptr = Py_hexdigits[value & 15];

value >>= 4;

} while ((end - ptr) < width || value);

_Py_write_noraise(fd, ptr, end - ptr);

}

void

_Py_DumpASCII(int fd, PyObject *text)

{

PyASCIIObject *ascii = (PyASCIIObject *)text;

Py_ssize_t i, size;

int truncated;

int kind;

void *data = NULL;

wchar_t *wstr = NULL;

Py_UCS4 ch;

if (!PyUnicode_Check(text))

return;

size = ascii->length;

kind = ascii->state.kind;

if (kind == PyUnicode_WCHAR_KIND) {

wstr = ((PyASCIIObject *)text)->wstr;

if (wstr == NULL)

return;

size = ((PyCompactUnicodeObject *)text)->wstr_length;

}

else if (ascii->state.compact) {

if (ascii->state.ascii)

data = ((PyASCIIObject*)text) + 1;

else

data = ((PyCompactUnicodeObject*)text) + 1;

}

else {

data = ((PyUnicodeObject *)text)->data.any;

if (data == NULL)

return;

}

if (MAX_STRING_LENGTH < size) {

size = MAX_STRING_LENGTH;

truncated = 1;

}

else {

truncated = 0;

}

for (i=0; i < size; i++) {

if (kind != PyUnicode_WCHAR_KIND)

ch = PyUnicode_READ(kind, data, i);

else

ch = wstr[i];

if (' ' <= ch && ch <= 126) {

/* printable ASCII character */

char c = (char)ch;

_Py_write_noraise(fd, &c, 1);

}

else if (ch <= 0xff) {

PUTS(fd, "\\x");

_Py_DumpHexadecimal(fd, ch, 2);

}

else if (ch <= 0xffff) {

PUTS(fd, "\\u");

_Py_DumpHexadecimal(fd, ch, 4);

}

else {

PUTS(fd, "\\U");

_Py_DumpHexadecimal(fd, ch, 8);

}

}

if (truncated) {

PUTS(fd, "...");

}

}

/* Write a frame into the file fd: "File "xxx", line xxx in xxx".

This function is signal safe. */

static void

dump_frame(int fd, PyFrameObject *frame)

{

PyCodeObject *code;

int lineno;

code = frame->f_code;

PUTS(fd, " File ");

if (code != NULL && code->co_filename != NULL

&& PyUnicode_Check(code->co_filename))

{

PUTS(fd, "\"");

_Py_DumpASCII(fd, code->co_filename);

PUTS(fd, "\"");

} else {

PUTS(fd, "???");

}

/* PyFrame_GetLineNumber() was introduced in Python 2.7.0 and 3.2.0 */

lineno = PyCode_Addr2Line(code, frame->f_lasti);

PUTS(fd, ", line ");

if (lineno >= 0) {

_Py_DumpDecimal(fd, (unsigned long)lineno);

}

else {

PUTS(fd, "???");

}

PUTS(fd, " in ");

if (code != NULL && code->co_name != NULL

&& PyUnicode_Check(code->co_name)) {

_Py_DumpASCII(fd, code->co_name);

}

else {

PUTS(fd, "???");

}

PUTS(fd, "\n");

}

static void

dump_traceback(int fd, PyThreadState *tstate, int write_header)

{

PyFrameObject *frame;

unsigned int depth;

if (write_header)

PUTS(fd, "Stack (most recent call first):\n");

frame = _PyThreadState_GetFrame(tstate);

if (frame == NULL)

return;

depth = 0;

while (frame != NULL) {

if (MAX_FRAME_DEPTH <= depth) {

PUTS(fd, " ...\n");

break;

}

if (!PyFrame_Check(frame))

break;

dump_frame(fd, frame);

frame = frame->f_back;

depth++;

}

}

/* Dump the traceback of a Python thread into fd. Use write() to write the

traceback and retry if write() is interrupted by a signal (failed with

EINTR), but don't call the Python signal handler.

The caller is responsible to call PyErr_CheckSignals() to call Python signal

handlers if signals were received. */

void

_Py_DumpTraceback(int fd, PyThreadState *tstate)

{

dump_traceback(fd, tstate, 1);

}

/* Write the thread identifier into the file 'fd': "Current thread 0xHHHH:\" if

is_current is true, "Thread 0xHHHH:\n" otherwise.

This function is signal safe. */

static void

write_thread_id(int fd, PyThreadState *tstate, int is_current)

{

if (is_current)

PUTS(fd, "Current thread 0x");

else

PUTS(fd, "Thread 0x");

_Py_DumpHexadecimal(fd,

tstate->thread_id,

sizeof(unsigned long) * 2);

PUTS(fd, " (most recent call first):\n");

}

/* Dump the traceback of all Python threads into fd. Use write() to write the

traceback and retry if write() is interrupted by a signal (failed with

EINTR), but don't call the Python signal handler.

The caller is responsible to call PyErr_CheckSignals() to call Python signal

handlers if signals were received. */

const char*

_Py_DumpTracebackThreads(int fd, PyInterpreterState *interp,

PyThreadState *current_tstate)

{

PyThreadState *tstate;

unsigned int nthreads;

if (current_tstate == NULL) {

/* _Py_DumpTracebackThreads() is called from signal handlers by

faulthandler.

SIGSEGV, SIGFPE, SIGABRT, SIGBUS and SIGILL are synchronous signals

and are thus delivered to the thread that caused the fault. Get the

Python thread state of the current thread.

PyThreadState_Get() doesn't give the state of the thread that caused

the fault if the thread released the GIL, and so this function

cannot be used. Read the thread specific storage (TSS) instead: call

PyGILState_GetThisThreadState(). */

current_tstate = PyGILState_GetThisThreadState();

}

if (interp == NULL) {

if (current_tstate == NULL) {

interp = _PyGILState_GetInterpreterStateUnsafe();

if (interp == NULL) {

/* We need the interpreter state to get Python threads */

return "unable to get the interpreter state";

}

}

else {

interp = current_tstate->interp;

}

}

assert(interp != NULL);

/* Get the current interpreter from the current thread */

tstate = PyInterpreterState_ThreadHead(interp);

if (tstate == NULL)

return "unable to get the thread head state";

/* Dump the traceback of each thread */

tstate = PyInterpreterState_ThreadHead(interp);

nthreads = 0;

_Py_BEGIN_SUPPRESS_IPH

do

{

if (nthreads != 0)

PUTS(fd, "\n");

if (nthreads >= MAX_NTHREADS) {

PUTS(fd, "...\n");

break;

}

write_thread_id(fd, tstate, tstate == current_tstate);

dump_traceback(fd, tstate, 0);

tstate = PyThreadState_Next(tstate);

nthreads++;

} while (tstate != NULL);

_Py_END_SUPPRESS_IPH

return NULL;

}