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‎Mac/Demo/calldll/readme‎

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Preliminary notes/documentation for the calldll module, version 0.2.
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====================================================================
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Calldll allows you to call random C functions from python without writing any
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C code. It is mainly meant to call MacOS toolbox routines for which no Python
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wrapper module is available. It is also incomplete, in that only a few argument
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types are currently supported. Please let me know which other argument types
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you need, and/or whether you have any ideas on a general "escape" allowing people
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to pass anything.
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The module works *only* on PowerPC currently. It is distributed complete
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with source and project files, so that people willing to look at a CFM68K port
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are welcome to do so. A classic 68K implementation is impossible, I think (so
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prove me wrong, please:-).
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The module exports three functions:
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- symtable = getlibrary(libraryname)
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Get a reference to import library libraryname. "InterfaceLib" is the most commonly
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used one, containing most toolbox routines. The symbol table can be used
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to lookup routines to be passed to newcall: "symtable.WaitNextEvent" will
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return the address of routine WaitNextEvent. and so will "symtable['WaitNextEvent']".
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The symtable is a mapping, so you can use keys() and len(...) to inspect it.
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- symtable = getdiskfragment(file)
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Load the specified file (given by fsspec or filename) and return a reference to
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its symboltable.
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- callable = newcall(routine, returntype, [argtype, ...])
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Return a callable object. You specify the C routine to be called (as explained above),
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the type of the return value and the argument types. The resulting object can
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be called from Python code in the normal way, and typechecking on arguments is
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performed (but, of course, if you specify incorrect argument types in this call
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you may well crash your machine). Printing a callable will give you a description
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of the (C-) calling sequence.
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The C return value can be one of 'None', 'Byte', 'Short', 'Long', 'Pstring' (a pascal
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string returned by address, copied to a Python string), 'Cobject' (a wrapper around a void
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pointer), 'Handle' (a new handle, returned as a Res.Resource object) or 'OSErr' (which raises
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MacOS.Error if non-zero).
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Arguments can be any of 'InByte', 'InShort', 'InLong', 'InString' (a python string, with the
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address of the data passed to the C routine, so be careful!), 'InPstring' (a python string copied
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to a Str255 and passed by address), 'InCobject', 'InHandle', 'OutByte' (storage is allocated for
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a single byte, the address passed to C and the resulting value returned to Python), 'OutShort',
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'OutLong', 'OutPstring' (again: storage pre-allocated and the address passed to C), 'OutCobject'
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(storage for a void * is allocated, this void ** is passed to C and the resulting void * is
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encapsulated in the Cobject returned) or 'OutHandle' (ditto, which means that this is usually *not*
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what you use, you normally use 'InHandle' because most toolbox calls expect you to preallocate
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the handle).
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All values to be returned (from the return value and the Out arguments) are collected. If there
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aren't any None is returned, if there is one value this value is returned, if there are multiple
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values a tuple is returned.
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There is test code in testcalldll.py, and a minimal example in samplecalldll.py.
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Have fun, and let's discuss the design of this thingy on pythonmac-sig,
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Jack Jansen, [email protected], 23-May-97.

‎Mac/Demo/calldll/samplecalldll.py‎

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#
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# Test calldll. Tell the user how often menus flash, and let her change it.
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#
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import calldll
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import sys
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# Obtain a reference to the library with the toolbox calls
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interfacelib = calldll.getlibrary('InterfaceLib')
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# Get the routines we need (see LowMem.h for details)
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LMGetMenuFlash = calldll.newcall(interfacelib.LMGetMenuFlash, 'Short')
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LMSetMenuFlash = calldll.newcall(interfacelib.LMSetMenuFlash, 'None', 'InShort')
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print "Menus currently flash",LMGetMenuFlash(),"times."
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print "How often would you like them to flash?",
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# Note: we use input(), so you can try passing non-integer objects
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newflash = input()
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LMSetMenuFlash(newflash)
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print "Okay, menus now flash", LMGetMenuFlash(),"times."
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sys.exit(1) # So the window stays on-screen

‎Mac/Demo/calldll/testcalldll.py‎

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import calldll
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import macfs
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import sys
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import MacOS
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import Res
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fss, ok = macfs.PromptGetFile("Show me calldll.ppc.slb")
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lib = calldll.getdiskfragment(fss, 'calldll.ppc.slb')
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cdll_b_bbbbbbbb = calldll.newcall(lib.cdll_b_bbbbbbbb, 'Byte', 'InByte', 'InByte',
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'InByte', 'InByte','InByte', 'InByte','InByte', 'InByte')
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cdll_h_hhhhhhhh = calldll.newcall(lib.cdll_h_hhhhhhhh, 'Short', 'InShort', 'InShort',
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'InShort', 'InShort','InShort', 'InShort','InShort', 'InShort')
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cdll_l_llllllll = calldll.newcall(lib.cdll_l_llllllll, 'Long', 'InLong', 'InLong',
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'InLong', 'InLong','InLong', 'InLong','InLong', 'InLong')
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cdll_N_ssssssss = calldll.newcall(lib.cdll_N_ssssssss, 'None', 'InString', 'InString',
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'InString', 'InString', 'InString', 'InString', 'InString', 'InString')
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cdll_o_l = calldll.newcall(lib.cdll_o_l, 'OSErr', 'InLong')
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cdll_N_pp = calldll.newcall(lib.cdll_N_pp, 'None', 'InPstring', 'OutPstring')
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cdll_N_bb = calldll.newcall(lib.cdll_N_bb, 'None', 'InByte', 'OutByte')
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cdll_N_hh = calldll.newcall(lib.cdll_N_hh, 'None', 'InShort', 'OutShort')
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cdll_N_ll = calldll.newcall(lib.cdll_N_ll, 'None', 'InLong', 'OutLong')
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cdll_N_sH = calldll.newcall(lib.cdll_N_sH, 'None', 'InString', 'InHandle')
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print 'Test cdll_b_bbbbbbbb'
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rv = cdll_b_bbbbbbbb(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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if rv == 36:
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print 'ok.'
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else:
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print 'Failed, returned', rv
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print 'Test cdll_b_bbbbbbbb negative'
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rv = cdll_b_bbbbbbbb(-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6, -7, -8)
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if rv == -36:
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print 'ok.'
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else:
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print 'Failed, returned', rv
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print 'Test cdll_h_hhhhhhhh'
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rv = cdll_h_hhhhhhhh(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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if rv == 36:
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print 'ok.'
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else:
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print 'Failed, returned', rv
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print 'Test cdll_h_hhhhhhhh negative'
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rv = cdll_h_hhhhhhhh(-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6, -7, -8)
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if rv == -36:
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print 'ok.'
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else:
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print 'Failed, returned', rv
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print 'Test cdll_l_llllllll'
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rv = cdll_l_llllllll(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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if rv == 36:
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print 'ok.'
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else:
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print 'Failed, returned', rv
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print 'Test cdll_l_llllllll negative'
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rv = cdll_l_llllllll(-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6, -7, -8)
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if rv == -36:
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print 'ok.'
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else:
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print 'Failed, returned', rv
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print 'Test cdll_N_ssssssss'
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print 'Should print one two three four five six seven eight'
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rv = cdll_N_ssssssss('one', 'two', 'three', 'four', 'five', 'six', 'seven', 'eight')
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if rv == None:
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print 'ok.'
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else:
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print 'Failed, returned', rv
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print 'Test cdll_o_l(0)'
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rv = cdll_o_l(0)
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if rv == None:
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print 'ok.'
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else:
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print 'Error, returned', rv
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print 'Test cdll_o_l(-100)'
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try:
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rv = cdll_o_l(-100)
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print 'Error, did not raise exception, returned', rv
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except MacOS.Error, arg:
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if arg[0] == -100:
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print 'ok.'
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else:
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print 'Error, returned incorrect exception arg:', arg[0]
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print 'Test cdll_N_pp'
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rv = cdll_N_pp('pascal string')
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if rv == 'Was: pascal string':
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print 'ok.'
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else:
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print 'Failed, returned', `rv`
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print 'Test cdll_N_bb'
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rv = cdll_N_bb(-100)
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if rv == -100:
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print 'ok.'
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else:
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print 'Failed, returned', rv
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print 'Test cdll_N_hh'
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rv = cdll_N_hh(-100)
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if rv == -100:
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print 'ok.'
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else:
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print 'Failed, returned', rv
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print 'Test cdll_N_ll'
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rv = cdll_N_ll(-100)
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if rv == -100:
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print 'ok.'
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else:
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print 'Failed, returned', rv
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print 'Test cdll_N_sH'
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h = Res.Resource('xyz')
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rv = cdll_N_sH('new data', h)
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if rv == None and h.data == 'new data':
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print 'ok.'
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else:
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print 'Failed, rv is', rv, 'and handle data is', `rv.data`
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sys.exit(1)

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