[case testAnnotateNonNativeAttribute]
from typing import Any

def f1(x):
    return x.foo  # A: Get non-native attribute "foo".

def f2(x: Any) -> object:
    return x.foo  # A: Get non-native attribute "foo".

def f3(x):
    x.bar = 1  # A: Set non-native attribute "bar".

class C:
    foo: int

    def method(self) -> int:
        return self.foo

def good1(x: C) -> int:
    return x.foo

[case testAnnotateMethod]
class C:
    def method(self, x):
        return x + "y"  # A: Generic "+" operation.

[case testAnnotateGenericBinaryOperations]
def generic_add(x):
    return x + 1  # A: Generic "+" operation.

def generic_sub(x):
    return x - 1  # A: Generic "-" operation.

def generic_mul(x):
    return x * 1  # A: Generic "*" operation.

def generic_div(x):
    return x / 1  # A: Generic "/" operation.

def generic_floor_div(x):
    return x // 1  # A: Generic "//" operation.

def generic_unary_plus(x):
    return +x  # A: Generic unary "+" operation.

def generic_unary_minus(x):
    return -x  # A: Generic unary "-" operation.

def native_int_ops(x: int, y: int) -> int:
    a = x + 1 - y
    return x * a // y

[case testAnnotateGenericBitwiseOperations]
def generic_and(x):
    return x & 1  # A: Generic "&" operation.

def generic_or(x):
    return x | 1  # A: Generic "|" operation.

def generic_xor(x):
    return x ^ 1  # A: Generic "^" operation.

def generic_left_shift(x):
    return x << 1  # A: Generic "<<" operation.

def generic_right_shift(x):
    return x >> 1  # A: Generic ">>" operation.

def generic_invert(x):
    return ~x  # A: Generic "~" operation.

def native_int_ops(x: int, y: int) -> int:
    a = (x & 1) << y
    return (x | a) >> (y ^ 1)

[case testAnnotateGenericComparisonOperations]
def generic_eq(x, y):
    return x == y  # A: Generic comparison operation.

def generic_ne(x, y):
    return x != y  # A: Generic comparison operation.

def generic_lt(x, y):
    return x < y  # A: Generic comparison operation.

def generic_le(x, y):
    return x <= y  # A: Generic comparison operation.

def generic_gt(x, y):
    return x > y  # A: Generic comparison operation.

def generic_ge(x, y):
    return x >= y  # A: Generic comparison operation.

def int_comparisons(x: int, y: int) -> int:
    if x == y:
        return 0
    if x < y:
        return 1
    if x > y:
        return 2
    return 3

[case testAnnotateTwoOperationsOnLine]
def f(x):
    return x.foo + 1  # A: Get non-native attribute "foo". Generic "+" operation.

[case testAnnotateNonNativeMethod]
from typing import Any

def f1(x):
    return x.foo()  # A: Call non-native method "foo" (it may be defined in a non-native class, or decorated).

def f2(x: Any) -> None:
    x.foo(1)  # A: Call non-native method "foo" (it may be defined in a non-native class, or decorated).
    x.foo(a=1)  # A: Call non-native method "foo" (it may be defined in a non-native class, or decorated).
    t = (1, 'x')
    x.foo(*t)  # A: Get non-native attribute "foo". Generic call operation.
    d = {"a": 1}
    x.foo(*d)  # A: Get non-native attribute "foo". Generic call operation.

class C:
    def foo(self) -> int:
        return 0

def g(c: C) -> int:
    return c.foo()

[case testAnnotateGlobalVariableAccess]
from typing import Final
import nonnative

x = 0
y: Final = 0

def read() -> int:
    return x  # A: Access global "x" through namespace dictionary (hint: access is faster if you can make it Final).

def assign(a: int) -> None:
    global x
    x = a  # A: Access global "x" through namespace dictionary (hint: access is faster if you can make it Final).

def read_final() -> int:
    return y

def read_nonnative() -> int:
    return nonnative.z  # A: Get non-native attribute "z".

[file nonnative.py]
z = 2

[case testAnnotateNestedFunction]
def f1() -> None:
    def g() -> None:  # A: A nested function object is allocated each time statement is executed. A module-level function would be faster.
        pass

    g()

def f2() -> int:
    l = lambda: 1  # A: A new object is allocated for lambda each time it is evaluated. A module-level function would be faster.
    return l()

[case testAnnotateGetSetItem]
from typing import List, Dict

def f1(x, y):
    return x[y]  # A: Generic indexing operation.

def f2(x, y, z):
    x[y] = z  # A: Generic indexed assignment.

def list_get_item(x: List[int], y: int) -> int:
    return x[y]

def list_set_item(x: List[int], y: int) -> None:
    x[y] = 5

def dict_get_item(d: Dict[str, str]) -> str:
    return d['x']

def dict_set_item(d: Dict[str, str]) -> None:
    d['x'] = 'y'

[case testAnnotateStrMethods]
def startswith(x: str) -> bool:
    return x.startswith('foo')

def islower(x: str) -> bool:
    return x.islower()  # A: Call non-native method "islower" (it may be defined in a non-native class, or decorated).

[case testAnnotateSpecificStdlibFeatures]
import functools
import itertools
from functools import partial
from itertools import chain, groupby, islice

def f(x: int, y: int) -> None: pass

def use_partial1() -> None:
    p = partial(f, 1)  # A: "functools.partial" is inefficient in compiled code.
    p(2)

def use_partial2() -> None:
    p = functools.partial(f, 1)  # A: "functools.partial" is inefficient in compiled code.
    p(2)

def use_chain1() -> None:
    for x in chain([1, 3], [4, 5]):  # A: "itertools.chain" is inefficient in compiled code (hint: replace with for loops).
        pass

def use_chain2() -> None:
    for x in itertools.chain([1, 3], [4, 5]):  # A: "itertools.chain" is inefficient in compiled code (hint: replace with for loops).
        pass

def use_groupby1() -> None:
    for a, b in groupby([('A', 'B')]):  # A: "itertools.groupby" is inefficient in compiled code.
        pass

def use_groupby2() -> None:
    for a, b in itertools.groupby([('A', 'B')]):  # A: "itertools.groupby" is inefficient in compiled code.
        pass

def use_islice() -> None:
    for x in islice([1, 2, 3], 1, 2):  # A: "itertools.islice" is inefficient in compiled code (hint: replace with for loop over index range).
        pass

[case testAnnotateGenericForLoop]
from typing import Iterable, Sequence, Iterator, List

def f1(a):
    for x in a:  # A: For loop uses generic operations (iterable has type "Any").
        pass

def f2(a: Iterable[str]) -> None:
    for x in a:  # A: For loop uses generic operations (iterable has the abstract type "typing.Iterable").
        pass

def f3(a: Sequence[str]) -> None:
    for x in a:  # A: For loop uses generic operations (iterable has the abstract type "typing.Sequence").
        pass

def f4(a: Iterator[str]) -> None:
    for x in a:  # A: For loop uses generic operations (iterable has the abstract type "typing.Iterator").
        pass

def good1(a: List[str]) -> None:
    for x in a:
        pass

class C:
    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[str]:
        assert False

def good2(a: List[str]) -> None:
    for x in a:
        pass

[case testAnnotateGenericComprehensionOrGenerator]
from typing import List, Iterable

def f1(a):
    return [x for x in a]  # A: Comprehension or generator uses generic operations (iterable has type "Any").

def f2(a: Iterable[int]):
    return {x for x in a}  # A: Comprehension or generator uses generic operations (iterable has the abstract type "typing.Iterable").

def f3(a):
    return {x: 1 for x in a}  # A: Comprehension uses generic operations (iterable has type "Any").

def f4(a):
    return (x for x in a)  # A: Comprehension or generator uses generic operations (iterable has type "Any").

def good1(a: List[int]) -> List[int]:
    return [x + 1 for x in a]

[case testAnnotateIsinstance]
from typing import Protocol, runtime_checkable, Union

@runtime_checkable
class P(Protocol):
    def foo(self) -> None: ...

class C: pass

class D(C):
    def bar(self) -> None: pass

def bad1(x: object) -> bool:
    return isinstance(x, P)  # A: Expensive isinstance() check against protocol "P".

def bad2(x: object) -> bool:
    return isinstance(x, (str, P))  # A: Expensive isinstance() check against protocol "P".

def good1(x: C) -> bool:
    if isinstance(x, D):
        x.bar()
    return isinstance(x, D)

def good2(x: Union[int, str]) -> int:
    if isinstance(x, int):
        return x + 1
    else:
        return int(x + "1")
[typing fixtures/typing-full.pyi]

[case testAnnotateDeepcopy]
from typing import Any
import copy

def f(x: Any) -> Any:
    return copy.deepcopy(x)  # A: "copy.deepcopy" tends to be slow. Make a shallow copy if possible.

[case testAnnotateContextManager]
from typing import Iterator
from contextlib import contextmanager

@contextmanager
def slow_ctx_manager() -> Iterator[None]:
    yield

class FastCtxManager:
    def __enter__(self) -> None: pass
    def __exit__(self, a, b, c) -> None: pass

def f1(x) -> None:
    with slow_ctx_manager():  # A: "slow_ctx_manager" uses @contextmanager, which is slow in compiled code. Use a native class with "__enter__" and "__exit__" methods instead.
        x.foo  # A: Get non-native attribute "foo".

def f2(x) -> None:
    with FastCtxManager():
        x.foo  # A: Get non-native attribute "foo".

[case testAnnotateAvoidNoiseAtTopLevel]
from typing import Final

class C(object):
    x = "s"
    y: Final = 1

x = "s"
y: Final = 1

def f1() -> None:
    x = object  # A: Get non-native attribute "object".

[case testAnnotateCreateNonNativeInstance]
from typing import NamedTuple
from dataclasses import dataclass

from nonnative import C

def f1() -> None:
    c = C()  # A: Creating an instance of non-native class "C" is slow.
    c.foo()  # A: Call non-native method "foo" (it may be defined in a non-native class, or decorated).

class NT(NamedTuple):
    x: int
    y: str

def f2() -> int:
    o = NT(1, "x")  # A: Creating an instance of non-native class "NT" is slow.
    return o.x

def f3() -> int:
    o = NT(x=1, y="x")  # A: Creating an instance of non-native class "NT" is slow.
    a, b = o
    return a

@dataclass
class D:
    x: int

def f4() -> int:
    o = D(1)  # A: Class "D" is only partially native, and constructing an instance is slow.
    return o.x

class Nat:
    x: int

class Deriv(Nat):
    def __init__(self, y: int) -> None:
        self.y = y

def good1() -> int:
    n = Nat()
    d = Deriv(y=1)
    return n.x + d.x + d.y

[file nonnative.py]
class C:
    def foo(self) -> None: pass

[case testAnnotateGetAttrAndSetAttrBuiltins]
def f1(x, s: str):
    return getattr("x", s)  # A: Dynamic attribute lookup.

def f2(x, s: str):
    setattr(x, s, None)  # A: Dynamic attribute set.

[case testAnnotateSpecialAssignments]
from typing import TypeVar, NamedTuple, List, TypedDict, NewType

# Even though these are slow, we don't complain about them since there is generally
# no better way (and at module top level these are very unlikely to be bottlenecks)
A = List[int]
T = TypeVar("T", bound=List[int])
NT = NamedTuple("NT", [("x", List[int])])
TD = TypedDict("TD", {"x": List[int]})
New = NewType("New", List[int])
[typing fixtures/typing-full.pyi]

[case testAnnotateCallDecoratedNativeFunctionOrMethod]
from typing import TypeVar, Callable, Any

F = TypeVar("F", bound=Callable[..., Any])

def mydeco(f: F) -> F:
    return f

@mydeco
def d(x: int) -> int:
    return x

def f1() -> int:
    return d(1)  # A: Calling a decorated function ("d") is inefficient, even if it's native.

class C:
    @mydeco
    def d(self) -> None:
        pass


def f2() -> None:
    c = C()
    c.d()  # A: Call non-native method "d" (it may be defined in a non-native class, or decorated).

[case testAnnotateCallDifferentKindsOfMethods]
from abc import ABC, abstractmethod

class C:
    @staticmethod
    def s() -> None: ...

    @classmethod
    def c(cls) -> None: ...

    @property
    def p(self) -> int:
        return 0

    @property
    def p2(self) -> int:
        return 0

    @p2.setter
    def p2(self, x: int) -> None:
        pass

def f1() -> int:
    c = C()
    c.s()
    c.c()
    c.p2 = 1
    return c.p + c.p2

class A(ABC):
    @abstractmethod
    def m(self) -> int:
        raise NotImplementedError  # A: Get non-native attribute "NotImplementedError".

class D(A):
    def m(self) -> int:
        return 1

def f2() -> int:
    d = D()
    return d.m()