# Copyright (C) 2001-2024, Python Software Foundation

# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.

#

# Translators:

msgid ""

msgstr ""

"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.12\n"

"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"

"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-09-07 03:11+0800\n"

"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-05-23 16:17+0000\n"

"Last-Translator: Adrian Liaw <[email protected]>\n"

"Language-Team: Chinese - TAIWAN (https://github.com/python/python-docs-zh-"

"tw)\n"

"Language: zh_TW\n"

"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"

"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"

"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"

"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:6

msgid "Data model"

msgstr "資料模型"

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:12

msgid "Objects, values and types"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:18

msgid ""

":dfn:`Objects` are Python's abstraction for data. All data in a Python "

"program is represented by objects or by relations between objects. (In a "

"sense, and in conformance to Von Neumann's model of a \"stored program "

"computer\", code is also represented by objects.)"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:35

msgid ""

"Every object has an identity, a type and a value. An object's *identity* "

"never changes once it has been created; you may think of it as the object's "

"address in memory. The :keyword:`is` operator compares the identity of two "

"objects; the :func:`id` function returns an integer representing its "

"identity."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:42

msgid "For CPython, ``id(x)`` is the memory address where ``x`` is stored."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:44

msgid ""

"An object's type determines the operations that the object supports (e.g., "

"\"does it have a length?\") and also defines the possible values for objects "

"of that type. The :func:`type` function returns an object's type (which is "

"an object itself). Like its identity, an object's :dfn:`type` is also "

"unchangeable. [#]_"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:50

msgid ""

"The *value* of some objects can change. Objects whose value can change are "

"said to be *mutable*; objects whose value is unchangeable once they are "

"created are called *immutable*. (The value of an immutable container object "

"that contains a reference to a mutable object can change when the latter's "

"value is changed; however the container is still considered immutable, "

"because the collection of objects it contains cannot be changed. So, "

"immutability is not strictly the same as having an unchangeable value, it is "

"more subtle.) An object's mutability is determined by its type; for "

"instance, numbers, strings and tuples are immutable, while dictionaries and "

"lists are mutable."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:65

msgid ""

"Objects are never explicitly destroyed; however, when they become "

"unreachable they may be garbage-collected. An implementation is allowed to "

"postpone garbage collection or omit it altogether --- it is a matter of "

"implementation quality how garbage collection is implemented, as long as no "

"objects are collected that are still reachable."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:73

msgid ""

"CPython currently uses a reference-counting scheme with (optional) delayed "

"detection of cyclically linked garbage, which collects most objects as soon "

"as they become unreachable, but is not guaranteed to collect garbage "

"containing circular references. See the documentation of the :mod:`gc` "

"module for information on controlling the collection of cyclic garbage. "

"Other implementations act differently and CPython may change. Do not depend "

"on immediate finalization of objects when they become unreachable (so you "

"should always close files explicitly)."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:82

msgid ""

"Note that the use of the implementation's tracing or debugging facilities "

"may keep objects alive that would normally be collectable. Also note that "

"catching an exception with a :keyword:`try`...\\ :keyword:`except` statement "

"may keep objects alive."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:87

msgid ""

"Some objects contain references to \"external\" resources such as open files "

"or windows. It is understood that these resources are freed when the object "

"is garbage-collected, but since garbage collection is not guaranteed to "

"happen, such objects also provide an explicit way to release the external "

"resource, usually a :meth:`!close` method. Programs are strongly recommended "

"to explicitly close such objects. The :keyword:`try`...\\ :keyword:"

"`finally` statement and the :keyword:`with` statement provide convenient "

"ways to do this."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:97

msgid ""

"Some objects contain references to other objects; these are called "

"*containers*. Examples of containers are tuples, lists and dictionaries. "

"The references are part of a container's value. In most cases, when we talk "

"about the value of a container, we imply the values, not the identities of "

"the contained objects; however, when we talk about the mutability of a "

"container, only the identities of the immediately contained objects are "

"implied. So, if an immutable container (like a tuple) contains a reference "

"to a mutable object, its value changes if that mutable object is changed."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:106

msgid ""

"Types affect almost all aspects of object behavior. Even the importance of "

"object identity is affected in some sense: for immutable types, operations "

"that compute new values may actually return a reference to any existing "

"object with the same type and value, while for mutable objects this is not "

"allowed. For example, after ``a = 1; b = 1``, *a* and *b* may or may not "

"refer to the same object with the value one, depending on the "

"implementation. This is because :class:`int` is an immutable type, so the "

"reference to ``1`` can be reused. This behaviour depends on the "

"implementation used, so should not be relied upon, but is something to be "

"aware of when making use of object identity tests. However, after ``c = []; "

"d = []``, *c* and *d* are guaranteed to refer to two different, unique, "

"newly created empty lists. (Note that ``e = f = []`` assigns the *same* "

"object to both *e* and *f*.)"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:124

msgid "The standard type hierarchy"

msgstr "標準型別階層"

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:133

msgid ""

"Below is a list of the types that are built into Python. Extension modules "

"(written in C, Java, or other languages, depending on the implementation) "

"can define additional types. Future versions of Python may add types to the "

"type hierarchy (e.g., rational numbers, efficiently stored arrays of "

"integers, etc.), although such additions will often be provided via the "

"standard library instead."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:144

msgid ""

"Some of the type descriptions below contain a paragraph listing 'special "

"attributes.' These are attributes that provide access to the implementation "

"and are not intended for general use. Their definition may change in the "

"future."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:150 ../../reference/datamodel.rst:152

msgid "None"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:154

msgid ""

"This type has a single value. There is a single object with this value. "

"This object is accessed through the built-in name ``None``. It is used to "

"signify the absence of a value in many situations, e.g., it is returned from "

"functions that don't explicitly return anything. Its truth value is false."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:161 ../../reference/datamodel.rst:163

msgid "NotImplemented"

msgstr "NotImplemented"

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:165

msgid ""

"This type has a single value. There is a single object with this value. "

"This object is accessed through the built-in name :data:`NotImplemented`. "

"Numeric methods and rich comparison methods should return this value if they "

"do not implement the operation for the operands provided. (The interpreter "

"will then try the reflected operation, or some other fallback, depending on "

"the operator.) It should not be evaluated in a boolean context."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:172

msgid "See :ref:`implementing-the-arithmetic-operations` for more details."

msgstr "更多細節請見 :ref:`implementing-the-arithmetic-operations`。"

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:176

msgid ""

"Evaluating :data:`NotImplemented` in a boolean context is deprecated. While "

"it currently evaluates as true, it will emit a :exc:`DeprecationWarning`. It "

"will raise a :exc:`TypeError` in a future version of Python."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:183 ../../reference/datamodel.rst:184

msgid "Ellipsis"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:188

msgid ""

"This type has a single value. There is a single object with this value. "

"This object is accessed through the literal ``...`` or the built-in name "

"``Ellipsis``. Its truth value is true."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:194

msgid ":class:`numbers.Number`"

msgstr ":class:`numbers.Number`"

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:198

msgid ""

"These are created by numeric literals and returned as results by arithmetic "

"operators and arithmetic built-in functions. Numeric objects are immutable; "

"once created their value never changes. Python numbers are of course "

"strongly related to mathematical numbers, but subject to the limitations of "

"numerical representation in computers."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:204

msgid ""

"The string representations of the numeric classes, computed by :meth:"

"`~object.__repr__` and :meth:`~object.__str__`, have the following "

"properties:"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:208

msgid ""

"They are valid numeric literals which, when passed to their class "

"constructor, produce an object having the value of the original numeric."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:212

msgid "The representation is in base 10, when possible."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:214

msgid ""

"Leading zeros, possibly excepting a single zero before a decimal point, are "

"not shown."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:217

msgid ""

"Trailing zeros, possibly excepting a single zero after a decimal point, are "

"not shown."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:220

msgid "A sign is shown only when the number is negative."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:222

msgid ""

"Python distinguishes between integers, floating-point numbers, and complex "

"numbers:"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:227

msgid ":class:`numbers.Integral`"

msgstr ":class:`numbers.Integral`"

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:231

msgid ""

"These represent elements from the mathematical set of integers (positive and "

"negative)."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:237

msgid ""

"The rules for integer representation are intended to give the most "

"meaningful interpretation of shift and mask operations involving negative "

"integers."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:240

msgid "There are two types of integers:"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:242

msgid "Integers (:class:`int`)"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:243

msgid ""

"These represent numbers in an unlimited range, subject to available "

"(virtual) memory only. For the purpose of shift and mask operations, a "

"binary representation is assumed, and negative numbers are represented in a "

"variant of 2's complement which gives the illusion of an infinite string of "

"sign bits extending to the left."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:249

msgid "Booleans (:class:`bool`)"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:255

msgid ""

"These represent the truth values False and True. The two objects "

"representing the values ``False`` and ``True`` are the only Boolean objects. "

"The Boolean type is a subtype of the integer type, and Boolean values behave "

"like the values 0 and 1, respectively, in almost all contexts, the exception "

"being that when converted to a string, the strings ``\"False\"`` or "

"``\"True\"`` are returned, respectively."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:263

msgid ":class:`numbers.Real` (:class:`float`)"

msgstr ":class:`numbers.Real` (:class:`float`)"

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:271

msgid ""

"These represent machine-level double precision floating-point numbers. You "

"are at the mercy of the underlying machine architecture (and C or Java "

"implementation) for the accepted range and handling of overflow. Python does "

"not support single-precision floating-point numbers; the savings in "

"processor and memory usage that are usually the reason for using these are "

"dwarfed by the overhead of using objects in Python, so there is no reason to "

"complicate the language with two kinds of floating-point numbers."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:281

msgid ":class:`numbers.Complex` (:class:`complex`)"

msgstr ":class:`numbers.Complex` (:class:`complex`)"

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:287

msgid ""

"These represent complex numbers as a pair of machine-level double precision "

"floating-point numbers. The same caveats apply as for floating-point "

"numbers. The real and imaginary parts of a complex number ``z`` can be "

"retrieved through the read-only attributes ``z.real`` and ``z.imag``."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:294

msgid "Sequences"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:303

msgid ""

"These represent finite ordered sets indexed by non-negative numbers. The "

"built-in function :func:`len` returns the number of items of a sequence. "

"When the length of a sequence is *n*, the index set contains the numbers 0, "

"1, ..., *n*-1. Item *i* of sequence *a* is selected by ``a[i]``. Some "

"sequences, including built-in sequences, interpret negative subscripts by "

"adding the sequence length. For example, ``a[-2]`` equals ``a[n-2]``, the "

"second to last item of sequence a with length ``n``."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:313

msgid ""

"Sequences also support slicing: ``a[i:j]`` selects all items with index *k* "

"such that *i* ``<=`` *k* ``<`` *j*. When used as an expression, a slice is "

"a sequence of the same type. The comment above about negative indexes also "

"applies to negative slice positions."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:318

msgid ""

"Some sequences also support \"extended slicing\" with a third \"step\" "

"parameter: ``a[i:j:k]`` selects all items of *a* with index *x* where ``x = "

"i + n*k``, *n* ``>=`` ``0`` and *i* ``<=`` *x* ``<`` *j*."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:322

msgid "Sequences are distinguished according to their mutability:"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:326

msgid "Immutable sequences"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:332

msgid ""

"An object of an immutable sequence type cannot change once it is created. "

"(If the object contains references to other objects, these other objects may "

"be mutable and may be changed; however, the collection of objects directly "

"referenced by an immutable object cannot change.)"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:337

msgid "The following types are immutable sequences:"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:342

msgid "Strings"

msgstr "字串 (String)"

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:350

msgid ""

"A string is a sequence of values that represent Unicode code points. All the "

"code points in the range ``U+0000 - U+10FFFF`` can be represented in a "

"string. Python doesn't have a :c:expr:`char` type; instead, every code "

"point in the string is represented as a string object with length ``1``. "

"The built-in function :func:`ord` converts a code point from its string form "

"to an integer in the range ``0 - 10FFFF``; :func:`chr` converts an integer "

"in the range ``0 - 10FFFF`` to the corresponding length ``1`` string "

"object. :meth:`str.encode` can be used to convert a :class:`str` to :class:"

"`bytes` using the given text encoding, and :meth:`bytes.decode` can be used "

"to achieve the opposite."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:362

msgid "Tuples"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:368

msgid ""

"The items of a tuple are arbitrary Python objects. Tuples of two or more "

"items are formed by comma-separated lists of expressions. A tuple of one "

"item (a 'singleton') can be formed by affixing a comma to an expression (an "

"expression by itself does not create a tuple, since parentheses must be "

"usable for grouping of expressions). An empty tuple can be formed by an "

"empty pair of parentheses."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:375

msgid "Bytes"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:378

msgid ""

"A bytes object is an immutable array. The items are 8-bit bytes, "

"represented by integers in the range 0 <= x < 256. Bytes literals (like "

"``b'abc'``) and the built-in :func:`bytes` constructor can be used to create "

"bytes objects. Also, bytes objects can be decoded to strings via the :meth:"

"`~bytes.decode` method."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:386

msgid "Mutable sequences"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:395

msgid ""

"Mutable sequences can be changed after they are created. The subscription "

"and slicing notations can be used as the target of assignment and :keyword:"

"`del` (delete) statements."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:403

msgid ""

"The :mod:`collections` and :mod:`array` module provide additional examples "

"of mutable sequence types."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:406

msgid "There are currently two intrinsic mutable sequence types:"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:408

msgid "Lists"

msgstr "List（串列）"

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:411

msgid ""

"The items of a list are arbitrary Python objects. Lists are formed by "

"placing a comma-separated list of expressions in square brackets. (Note that "

"there are no special cases needed to form lists of length 0 or 1.)"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:415

msgid "Byte Arrays"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:418

msgid ""

"A bytearray object is a mutable array. They are created by the built-in :"

"func:`bytearray` constructor. Aside from being mutable (and hence "

"unhashable), byte arrays otherwise provide the same interface and "

"functionality as immutable :class:`bytes` objects."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:425

msgid "Set types"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:431

msgid ""

"These represent unordered, finite sets of unique, immutable objects. As "

"such, they cannot be indexed by any subscript. However, they can be iterated "

"over, and the built-in function :func:`len` returns the number of items in a "

"set. Common uses for sets are fast membership testing, removing duplicates "

"from a sequence, and computing mathematical operations such as intersection, "

"union, difference, and symmetric difference."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:438

msgid ""

"For set elements, the same immutability rules apply as for dictionary keys. "

"Note that numeric types obey the normal rules for numeric comparison: if two "

"numbers compare equal (e.g., ``1`` and ``1.0``), only one of them can be "

"contained in a set."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:443

msgid "There are currently two intrinsic set types:"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:446

msgid "Sets"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:449

msgid ""

"These represent a mutable set. They are created by the built-in :func:`set` "

"constructor and can be modified afterwards by several methods, such as :meth:"

"`~set.add`."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:454

msgid "Frozen sets"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:457

msgid ""

"These represent an immutable set. They are created by the built-in :func:"

"`frozenset` constructor. As a frozenset is immutable and :term:`hashable`, "

"it can be used again as an element of another set, or as a dictionary key."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:464

msgid "Mappings"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:471

msgid ""

"These represent finite sets of objects indexed by arbitrary index sets. The "

"subscript notation ``a[k]`` selects the item indexed by ``k`` from the "

"mapping ``a``; this can be used in expressions and as the target of "

"assignments or :keyword:`del` statements. The built-in function :func:`len` "

"returns the number of items in a mapping."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:477

msgid "There is currently a single intrinsic mapping type:"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:481

msgid "Dictionaries"

msgstr "字典"

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:485

msgid ""

"These represent finite sets of objects indexed by nearly arbitrary values. "

"The only types of values not acceptable as keys are values containing lists "

"or dictionaries or other mutable types that are compared by value rather "

"than by object identity, the reason being that the efficient implementation "

"of dictionaries requires a key's hash value to remain constant. Numeric "

"types used for keys obey the normal rules for numeric comparison: if two "

"numbers compare equal (e.g., ``1`` and ``1.0``) then they can be used "

"interchangeably to index the same dictionary entry."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:494

msgid ""

"Dictionaries preserve insertion order, meaning that keys will be produced in "

"the same order they were added sequentially over the dictionary. Replacing "

"an existing key does not change the order, however removing a key and re-"

"inserting it will add it to the end instead of keeping its old place."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:499

msgid ""

"Dictionaries are mutable; they can be created by the ``{}`` notation (see "

"section :ref:`dict`)."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:506

msgid ""

"The extension modules :mod:`dbm.ndbm` and :mod:`dbm.gnu` provide additional "

"examples of mapping types, as does the :mod:`collections` module."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:510

msgid ""

"Dictionaries did not preserve insertion order in versions of Python before "

"3.6. In CPython 3.6, insertion order was preserved, but it was considered an "

"implementation detail at that time rather than a language guarantee."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:517

msgid "Callable types"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:525

msgid ""

"These are the types to which the function call operation (see section :ref:"

"`calls`) can be applied:"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:532

msgid "User-defined functions"

msgstr "自訂函式"

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:539

msgid ""

"A user-defined function object is created by a function definition (see "

"section :ref:`function`). It should be called with an argument list "

"containing the same number of items as the function's formal parameter list."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:545 ../../reference/datamodel.rst:1124

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:1319

msgid "Special read-only attributes"

msgstr "特殊唯讀屬性"

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:555 ../../reference/datamodel.rst:589

msgid "Attribute"

msgstr "屬性"

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:556 ../../reference/datamodel.rst:590

msgid "Meaning"

msgstr "含義"

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:559

msgid ""

"A reference to the :class:`dictionary <dict>` that holds the function's :ref:"

"`global variables <naming>` -- the global namespace of the module in which "

"the function was defined."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:564

msgid ""

"``None`` or a :class:`tuple` of cells that contain bindings for the "

"function's free variables."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:567

msgid ""

"A cell object has the attribute ``cell_contents``. This can be used to get "

"the value of the cell, as well as set the value."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:571 ../../reference/datamodel.rst:1356

msgid "Special writable attributes"

msgstr "特殊可寫屬性"

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:584

msgid "Most of these attributes check the type of the assigned value:"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:593

msgid ""

"The function's documentation string, or ``None`` if unavailable. Not "

"inherited by subclasses."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:597

msgid ""

"The function's name. See also: :attr:`__name__ attributes <definition."

"__name__>`."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:601

msgid ""

"The function's :term:`qualified name`. See also: :attr:`__qualname__ "

"attributes <definition.__qualname__>`."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:607

msgid ""

"The name of the module the function was defined in, or ``None`` if "

"unavailable."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:611

msgid ""

"A :class:`tuple` containing default :term:`parameter` values for those "

"parameters that have defaults, or ``None`` if no parameters have a default "

"value."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:616

msgid ""

"The :ref:`code object <code-objects>` representing the compiled function "

"body."

msgstr "代表編譯函式主體的\\ :ref:`程式碼物件 <code-objects>`。"

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:620

msgid ""

"The namespace supporting arbitrary function attributes. See also: :attr:"

"`__dict__ attributes <object.__dict__>`."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:624

msgid ""

"A :class:`dictionary <dict>` containing annotations of :term:`parameters "

"<parameter>`. The keys of the dictionary are the parameter names, and "

"``'return'`` for the return annotation, if provided. See also: :ref:"

"`annotations-howto`."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:631

msgid ""

"A :class:`dictionary <dict>` containing defaults for keyword-only :term:"

"`parameters <parameter>`."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:635

msgid ""

"A :class:`tuple` containing the :ref:`type parameters <type-params>` of a :"

"ref:`generic function <generic-functions>`."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:640

msgid ""

"Function objects also support getting and setting arbitrary attributes, "

"which can be used, for example, to attach metadata to functions. Regular "

"attribute dot-notation is used to get and set such attributes."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:646

msgid ""

"CPython's current implementation only supports function attributes on user-"

"defined functions. Function attributes on :ref:`built-in functions <builtin-"

"functions>` may be supported in the future."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:651

msgid ""

"Additional information about a function's definition can be retrieved from "

"its :ref:`code object <code-objects>` (accessible via the :attr:`~function."

"__code__` attribute)."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:659

msgid "Instance methods"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:666

msgid ""

"An instance method object combines a class, a class instance and any "

"callable object (normally a user-defined function)."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:676 ../../reference/datamodel.rst:1447

msgid "Special read-only attributes:"

msgstr "特殊唯讀屬性："

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:681

msgid ""

"Refers to the class instance object to which the method is :ref:`bound "

"<method-binding>`"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:685

msgid "Refers to the original :ref:`function object <user-defined-funcs>`"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:688

msgid ""

"The method's documentation (same as :attr:`method.__func__.__doc__ <function."

"__doc__>`). A :class:`string <str>` if the original function had a "

"docstring, else ``None``."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:694

msgid ""

"The name of the method (same as :attr:`method.__func__.__name__ <function."

"__name__>`)"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:698

msgid ""

"The name of the module the method was defined in, or ``None`` if unavailable."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:701

msgid ""

"Methods also support accessing (but not setting) the arbitrary function "

"attributes on the underlying :ref:`function object <user-defined-funcs>`."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:704

msgid ""

"User-defined method objects may be created when getting an attribute of a "

"class (perhaps via an instance of that class), if that attribute is a user-"

"defined :ref:`function object <user-defined-funcs>` or a :class:"

"`classmethod` object."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:711

msgid ""

"When an instance method object is created by retrieving a user-defined :ref:"

"`function object <user-defined-funcs>` from a class via one of its "

"instances, its :attr:`~method.__self__` attribute is the instance, and the "

"method object is said to be *bound*. The new method's :attr:`~method."

"__func__` attribute is the original function object."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:717

msgid ""

"When an instance method object is created by retrieving a :class:"

"`classmethod` object from a class or instance, its :attr:`~method.__self__` "

"attribute is the class itself, and its :attr:`~method.__func__` attribute is "

"the function object underlying the class method."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:722

msgid ""

"When an instance method object is called, the underlying function (:attr:"

"`~method.__func__`) is called, inserting the class instance (:attr:`~method."

"__self__`) in front of the argument list. For instance, when :class:`!C` is "

"a class which contains a definition for a function :meth:`!f`, and ``x`` is "

"an instance of :class:`!C`, calling ``x.f(1)`` is equivalent to calling ``C."

"f(x, 1)``."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:729

msgid ""

"When an instance method object is derived from a :class:`classmethod` "

"object, the \"class instance\" stored in :attr:`~method.__self__` will "

"actually be the class itself, so that calling either ``x.f(1)`` or ``C."

"f(1)`` is equivalent to calling ``f(C,1)`` where ``f`` is the underlying "

"function."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:734

msgid ""

"It is important to note that user-defined functions which are attributes of "

"a class instance are not converted to bound methods; this *only* happens "

"when the function is an attribute of the class."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:741

msgid "Generator functions"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:747

msgid ""

"A function or method which uses the :keyword:`yield` statement (see section :"

"ref:`yield`) is called a :dfn:`generator function`. Such a function, when "

"called, always returns an :term:`iterator` object which can be used to "

"execute the body of the function: calling the iterator's :meth:`iterator."

"__next__` method will cause the function to execute until it provides a "

"value using the :keyword:`!yield` statement. When the function executes a :"

"keyword:`return` statement or falls off the end, a :exc:`StopIteration` "

"exception is raised and the iterator will have reached the end of the set of "

"values to be returned."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:759

msgid "Coroutine functions"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:764

msgid ""

"A function or method which is defined using :keyword:`async def` is called "

"a :dfn:`coroutine function`. Such a function, when called, returns a :term:"

"`coroutine` object. It may contain :keyword:`await` expressions, as well "

"as :keyword:`async with` and :keyword:`async for` statements. See also the :"

"ref:`coroutine-objects` section."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:772

msgid "Asynchronous generator functions"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:778

msgid ""

"A function or method which is defined using :keyword:`async def` and which "

"uses the :keyword:`yield` statement is called a :dfn:`asynchronous generator "

"function`. Such a function, when called, returns an :term:`asynchronous "

"iterator` object which can be used in an :keyword:`async for` statement to "

"execute the body of the function."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:784

msgid ""

"Calling the asynchronous iterator's :meth:`aiterator.__anext__ <object."

"__anext__>` method will return an :term:`awaitable` which when awaited will "

"execute until it provides a value using the :keyword:`yield` expression. "

"When the function executes an empty :keyword:`return` statement or falls off "

"the end, a :exc:`StopAsyncIteration` exception is raised and the "

"asynchronous iterator will have reached the end of the set of values to be "

"yielded."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:797

msgid "Built-in functions"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:804

msgid ""

"A built-in function object is a wrapper around a C function. Examples of "

"built-in functions are :func:`len` and :func:`math.sin` (:mod:`math` is a "

"standard built-in module). The number and type of the arguments are "

"determined by the C function. Special read-only attributes:"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:809

msgid ""

":attr:`!__doc__` is the function's documentation string, or ``None`` if "

"unavailable. See :attr:`function.__doc__`."

msgstr ""

":attr:`!__doc__` 是函式的文件字串，若不可用則為 ``None``。請見 :attr:"

"`function.__doc__`。"

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:811

msgid ""

":attr:`!__name__` is the function's name. See :attr:`function.__name__`."

msgstr ":attr:`!__name__` 是函式的名稱。請見 :attr:`function.__name__`。"

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:812

msgid ":attr:`!__self__` is set to ``None`` (but see the next item)."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:813

msgid ""

":attr:`!__module__` is the name of the module the function was defined in or "

"``None`` if unavailable. See :attr:`function.__module__`."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:821

msgid "Built-in methods"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:828

msgid ""

"This is really a different disguise of a built-in function, this time "

"containing an object passed to the C function as an implicit extra "

"argument. An example of a built-in method is ``alist.append()``, assuming "

"*alist* is a list object. In this case, the special read-only attribute :"

"attr:`!__self__` is set to the object denoted by *alist*. (The attribute has "

"the same semantics as it does with :attr:`other instance methods <method."

"__self__>`.)"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:837

msgid "Classes"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:839

msgid ""

"Classes are callable. These objects normally act as factories for new "

"instances of themselves, but variations are possible for class types that "

"override :meth:`~object.__new__`. The arguments of the call are passed to :"

"meth:`!__new__` and, in the typical case, to :meth:`~object.__init__` to "

"initialize the new instance."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:847

msgid "Class Instances"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:849

msgid ""

"Instances of arbitrary classes can be made callable by defining a :meth:"

"`~object.__call__` method in their class."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:854

msgid "Modules"

msgstr "模組"

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:860

msgid ""

"Modules are a basic organizational unit of Python code, and are created by "

"the :ref:`import system <importsystem>` as invoked either by the :keyword:"

"`import` statement, or by calling functions such as :func:`importlib."

"import_module` and built-in :func:`__import__`. A module object has a "

"namespace implemented by a :class:`dictionary <dict>` object (this is the "

"dictionary referenced by the :attr:`~function.__globals__` attribute of "

"functions defined in the module). Attribute references are translated to "

"lookups in this dictionary, e.g., ``m.x`` is equivalent to ``m."

"__dict__[\"x\"]``. A module object does not contain the code object used to "

"initialize the module (since it isn't needed once the initialization is "

"done)."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:873

msgid ""

"Attribute assignment updates the module's namespace dictionary, e.g., ``m.x "

"= 1`` is equivalent to ``m.__dict__[\"x\"] = 1``."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:883

msgid "Predefined (writable) attributes:"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:885

msgid ":attr:`__name__`"

msgstr ":attr:`__name__`"

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:886

msgid "The module's name."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:888 ../../reference/datamodel.rst:986

msgid ":attr:`__doc__`"

msgstr ":attr:`__doc__`"

#: ../../reference/datamodel.rst:889

msgid "The module's documentation string, or ``None`` if unavailable."

msgstr ""