# Copyright (C) 2001 Python Software Foundation

# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.

#

# Translators:

# Leon H., 2017

msgid ""

msgstr ""

"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.14\n"

"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"

"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-03-22 00:20+0000\n"

"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-05-23 14:39+0000\n"

"Last-Translator: Adrian Liaw <[email protected]>\n"

"Language-Team: Chinese - TAIWAN (https://github.com/python/python-docs-zh-"

"tw)\n"

"Language: zh_TW\n"

"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"

"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"

"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"

"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:7

msgid "Subprocesses"

msgstr "子行程"

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:9

msgid ""

"**Source code:** :source:`Lib/asyncio/subprocess.py`, :source:`Lib/asyncio/"

"base_subprocess.py`"

msgstr ""

"**原始碼：**\\ :source:`Lib/asyncio/subprocess.py`、:source:`Lib/asyncio/"

"base_subprocess.py`"

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:14

msgid ""

"This section describes high-level async/await asyncio APIs to create and "

"manage subprocesses."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:19

msgid ""

"Here's an example of how asyncio can run a shell command and obtain its "

"result::"

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:22

msgid ""

"import asyncio\n"

"\n"

"async def run(cmd):\n"

" proc = await asyncio.create_subprocess_shell(\n"

" cmd,\n"

" stdout=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE,\n"

" stderr=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE)\n"

"\n"

" stdout, stderr = await proc.communicate()\n"

"\n"

" print(f'[{cmd!r} exited with {proc.returncode}]')\n"

" if stdout:\n"

" print(f'[stdout]\\n{stdout.decode()}')\n"

" if stderr:\n"

" print(f'[stderr]\\n{stderr.decode()}')\n"

"\n"

"asyncio.run(run('ls /zzz'))"

msgstr ""

"import asyncio\n"

"\n"

"async def run(cmd):\n"

" proc = await asyncio.create_subprocess_shell(\n"

" cmd,\n"

" stdout=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE,\n"

" stderr=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE)\n"

"\n"

" stdout, stderr = await proc.communicate()\n"

"\n"

" print(f'[{cmd!r} exited with {proc.returncode}]')\n"

" if stdout:\n"

" print(f'[stdout]\\n{stdout.decode()}')\n"

" if stderr:\n"

" print(f'[stderr]\\n{stderr.decode()}')\n"

"\n"

"asyncio.run(run('ls /zzz'))"

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:40

msgid "will print::"

msgstr "會印出： ::"

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:42

msgid ""

"['ls /zzz' exited with 1]\n"

"[stderr]\n"

"ls: /zzz: No such file or directory"

msgstr ""

"['ls /zzz' exited with 1]\n"

"[stderr]\n"

"ls: /zzz: No such file or directory"

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:46

msgid ""

"Because all asyncio subprocess functions are asynchronous and asyncio "

"provides many tools to work with such functions, it is easy to execute and "

"monitor multiple subprocesses in parallel. It is indeed trivial to modify "

"the above example to run several commands simultaneously::"

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:51

msgid ""

"async def main():\n"

" await asyncio.gather(\n"

" run('ls /zzz'),\n"

" run('sleep 1; echo \"hello\"'))\n"

"\n"

"asyncio.run(main())"

msgstr ""

"async def main():\n"

" await asyncio.gather(\n"

" run('ls /zzz'),\n"

" run('sleep 1; echo \"hello\"'))\n"

"\n"

"asyncio.run(main())"

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:58

msgid "See also the `Examples`_ subsection."

msgstr "另請參閱\\ `Examples`_。"

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:62

msgid "Creating Subprocesses"

msgstr "建立子行程"

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:68

msgid "Create a subprocess."

msgstr "建立一個子行程。"

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:70

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:92

msgid ""

"The *limit* argument sets the buffer limit for :class:`StreamReader` "

"wrappers for :attr:`~asyncio.subprocess.Process.stdout` and :attr:`~asyncio."

"subprocess.Process.stderr` (if :const:`subprocess.PIPE` is passed to "

"*stdout* and *stderr* arguments)."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:74

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:96

msgid "Return a :class:`~asyncio.subprocess.Process` instance."

msgstr "回傳一個 :class:`~asyncio.subprocess.Process` 實例。"

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:76

msgid ""

"See the documentation of :meth:`loop.subprocess_exec` for other parameters."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:79

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:101

msgid ""

"If the process object is garbage collected while the process is still "

"running, the child process will be killed."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:82

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:113

msgid "Removed the *loop* parameter."

msgstr "移除了 *loop* 參數。"

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:90

msgid "Run the *cmd* shell command."

msgstr "執行 *cmd* shell 命令。"

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:98

msgid ""

"See the documentation of :meth:`loop.subprocess_shell` for other parameters."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:106

msgid ""

"It is the application's responsibility to ensure that all whitespace and "

"special characters are quoted appropriately to avoid `shell injection "

"<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell_injection#Shell_injection>`_ "

"vulnerabilities. The :func:`shlex.quote` function can be used to properly "

"escape whitespace and special shell characters in strings that are going to "

"be used to construct shell commands."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:118

msgid ""

"Subprocesses are available for Windows if a :class:`ProactorEventLoop` is "

"used. See :ref:`Subprocess Support on Windows <asyncio-windows-subprocess>` "

"for details."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:124

msgid ""

"asyncio also has the following *low-level* APIs to work with subprocesses: :"

"meth:`loop.subprocess_exec`, :meth:`loop.subprocess_shell`, :meth:`loop."

"connect_read_pipe`, :meth:`loop.connect_write_pipe`, as well as the :ref:"

"`Subprocess Transports <asyncio-subprocess-transports>` and :ref:`Subprocess "

"Protocols <asyncio-subprocess-protocols>`."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:132

msgid "Constants"

msgstr "常數"

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:137

msgid "Can be passed to the *stdin*, *stdout* or *stderr* parameters."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:139

msgid ""

"If *PIPE* is passed to *stdin* argument, the :attr:`Process.stdin <asyncio."

"subprocess.Process.stdin>` attribute will point to a :class:`~asyncio."

"StreamWriter` instance."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:143

msgid ""

"If *PIPE* is passed to *stdout* or *stderr* arguments, the :attr:`Process."

"stdout <asyncio.subprocess.Process.stdout>` and :attr:`Process.stderr "

"<asyncio.subprocess.Process.stderr>` attributes will point to :class:"

"`~asyncio.StreamReader` instances."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:151

msgid ""

"Special value that can be used as the *stderr* argument and indicates that "

"standard error should be redirected into standard output."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:157

msgid ""

"Special value that can be used as the *stdin*, *stdout* or *stderr* argument "

"to process creation functions. It indicates that the special file :data:`os."

"devnull` will be used for the corresponding subprocess stream."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:163

msgid "Interacting with Subprocesses"

msgstr "與子行程互動"

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:165

msgid ""

"Both :func:`create_subprocess_exec` and :func:`create_subprocess_shell` "

"functions return instances of the *Process* class. *Process* is a high-"

"level wrapper that allows communicating with subprocesses and watching for "

"their completion."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:173

msgid ""

"An object that wraps OS processes created by the :func:`~asyncio."

"create_subprocess_exec` and :func:`~asyncio.create_subprocess_shell` "

"functions."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:177

msgid ""

"This class is designed to have a similar API to the :class:`subprocess."

"Popen` class, but there are some notable differences:"

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:181

msgid ""

"unlike Popen, Process instances do not have an equivalent to the :meth:"

"`~subprocess.Popen.poll` method;"

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:184

msgid ""

"the :meth:`~asyncio.subprocess.Process.communicate` and :meth:`~asyncio."

"subprocess.Process.wait` methods don't have a *timeout* parameter: use the :"

"func:`~asyncio.wait_for` function;"

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:188

msgid ""

"the :meth:`Process.wait() <asyncio.subprocess.Process.wait>` method is "

"asynchronous, whereas :meth:`subprocess.Popen.wait` method is implemented as "

"a blocking busy loop;"

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:192

msgid "the *universal_newlines* parameter is not supported."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:194

msgid "This class is :ref:`not thread safe <asyncio-multithreading>`."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:196

msgid ""

"See also the :ref:`Subprocess and Threads <asyncio-subprocess-threads>` "

"section."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:202

msgid "Wait for the child process to terminate."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:204

msgid "Set and return the :attr:`returncode` attribute."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:208

msgid ""

"This method can deadlock when using ``stdout=PIPE`` or ``stderr=PIPE`` and "

"the child process generates so much output that it blocks waiting for the OS "

"pipe buffer to accept more data. Use the :meth:`communicate` method when "

"using pipes to avoid this condition."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:217

msgid "Interact with process:"

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:219

msgid "send data to *stdin* (if *input* is not ``None``);"

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:220

msgid "closes *stdin*;"

msgstr "關閉 *stdin*；"

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:221

msgid "read data from *stdout* and *stderr*, until EOF is reached;"

msgstr "從 *stdout* 和 *stderr* 讀取資料，直到 EOF；"

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:222

msgid "wait for process to terminate."

msgstr "等待行程終止。"

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:224

msgid ""

"The optional *input* argument is the data (:class:`bytes` object) that will "

"be sent to the child process."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:227

msgid "Return a tuple ``(stdout_data, stderr_data)``."

msgstr "回傳一個 ``(stdout_data, stderr_data)`` 元組。"

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:229

msgid ""

"If either :exc:`BrokenPipeError` or :exc:`ConnectionResetError` exception is "

"raised when writing *input* into *stdin*, the exception is ignored. This "

"condition occurs when the process exits before all data are written into "

"*stdin*."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:234

msgid ""

"If it is desired to send data to the process' *stdin*, the process needs to "

"be created with ``stdin=PIPE``. Similarly, to get anything other than "

"``None`` in the result tuple, the process has to be created with "

"``stdout=PIPE`` and/or ``stderr=PIPE`` arguments."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:240

msgid ""

"Note, that the data read is buffered in memory, so do not use this method if "

"the data size is large or unlimited."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:245

msgid "*stdin* gets closed when ``input=None`` too."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:249

msgid "Sends the signal *signal* to the child process."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:253

msgid ""

"On Windows, :py:const:`~signal.SIGTERM` is an alias for :meth:`terminate`. "

"``CTRL_C_EVENT`` and ``CTRL_BREAK_EVENT`` can be sent to processes started "

"with a *creationflags* parameter which includes ``CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP``."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:260

msgid "Stop the child process."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:262

msgid ""

"On POSIX systems this method sends :py:const:`~signal.SIGTERM` to the child "

"process."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:265

msgid ""

"On Windows the Win32 API function :c:func:`!TerminateProcess` is called to "

"stop the child process."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:270

msgid "Kill the child process."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:272

msgid ""

"On POSIX systems this method sends :py:data:`~signal.SIGKILL` to the child "

"process."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:275

msgid "On Windows this method is an alias for :meth:`terminate`."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:279

msgid ""

"Standard input stream (:class:`~asyncio.StreamWriter`) or ``None`` if the "

"process was created with ``stdin=None``."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:284

msgid ""

"Standard output stream (:class:`~asyncio.StreamReader`) or ``None`` if the "

"process was created with ``stdout=None``."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:289

msgid ""

"Standard error stream (:class:`~asyncio.StreamReader`) or ``None`` if the "

"process was created with ``stderr=None``."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:294

msgid ""

"Use the :meth:`communicate` method rather than :attr:`process.stdin.write() "

"<stdin>`, :attr:`await process.stdout.read() <stdout>` or :attr:`await "

"process.stderr.read() <stderr>`. This avoids deadlocks due to streams "

"pausing reading or writing and blocking the child process."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:303

msgid "Process identification number (PID)."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:305

msgid ""

"Note that for processes created by the :func:`~asyncio."

"create_subprocess_shell` function, this attribute is the PID of the spawned "

"shell."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:310

msgid "Return code of the process when it exits."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:312

msgid "A ``None`` value indicates that the process has not terminated yet."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:314

msgid ""

"For processes created with :func:`~asyncio.create_subprocess_exec`, a "

"negative value ``-N`` indicates that the child was terminated by signal "

"``N`` (POSIX only)."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:318

msgid ""

"For processes created with :func:`~asyncio.create_subprocess_shell`, the "

"return code reflects the exit status of the shell itself (e.g. ``/bin/sh``), "

"which may map signals to codes such as ``128+N``. See the documentation of "

"the shell (for example, the Bash manual's Exit Status) for details."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:329

msgid "Subprocess and Threads"

msgstr "子行程與執行緒"

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:331

msgid ""

"Standard asyncio event loop supports running subprocesses from different "

"threads by default."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:334

msgid ""

"On Windows subprocesses are provided by :class:`ProactorEventLoop` only "

"(default), :class:`SelectorEventLoop` has no subprocess support."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:337

msgid ""

"Note that alternative event loop implementations might have own limitations; "

"please refer to their documentation."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:342

msgid ""

"The :ref:`Concurrency and multithreading in asyncio <asyncio-"

"multithreading>` section."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:347

msgid "Examples"

msgstr "範例"

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:349

msgid ""

"An example using the :class:`~asyncio.subprocess.Process` class to control a "

"subprocess and the :class:`StreamReader` class to read from its standard "

"output."

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:355

msgid ""

"The subprocess is created by the :func:`create_subprocess_exec` function::"

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:358

msgid ""

"import asyncio\n"

"import sys\n"

"\n"

"async def get_date():\n"

" code = 'import datetime as dt; print(dt.datetime.now())'\n"

"\n"

" # Create the subprocess; redirect the standard output\n"

" # into a pipe.\n"

" proc = await asyncio.create_subprocess_exec(\n"

" sys.executable, '-c', code,\n"

" stdout=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE)\n"

"\n"

" # Read one line of output.\n"

" data = await proc.stdout.readline()\n"

" line = data.decode('ascii').rstrip()\n"

"\n"

" # Wait for the subprocess exit.\n"

" await proc.wait()\n"

" return line\n"

"\n"

"date = asyncio.run(get_date())\n"

"print(f\"Current date: {date}\")"

msgstr ""

#: ../../library/asyncio-subprocess.rst:382

msgid ""

"See also the :ref:`same example <asyncio_example_subprocess_proto>` written "

"using low-level APIs."

msgstr ""