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msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.13\n"
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#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:6
msgid "Virtual Environments and Packages"
msgstr "虛擬環境與套件"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:9
msgid "Introduction"
msgstr "簡介"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:11
msgid ""
"Python applications will often use packages and modules that don't come as "
"part of the standard library.  Applications will sometimes need a specific "
"version of a library, because the application may require that a particular "
"bug has been fixed or the application may be written using an obsolete "
"version of the library's interface."
msgstr ""
"Python 應用程式通常會用到不在標準函式庫的套件和模組。應用程式有時候會需要某個"
"特定版本的函式庫，因為這個應用程式可能需要某個特殊的臭蟲修正，或是這個應用程"
"式是根據該函式庫特定版本的介面所撰寫。"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:17
msgid ""
"This means it may not be possible for one Python installation to meet the "
"requirements of every application.  If application A needs version 1.0 of a "
"particular module but application B needs version 2.0, then the requirements "
"are in conflict and installing either version 1.0 or 2.0 will leave one "
"application unable to run."
msgstr ""
"這意味著不太可能安裝一套 Python 就可以滿足所有應用程式的要求。如果應用程式 A "
"需要一個特定的模組的 1.0 版，但另外一個應用程式 B 需要 2.0 版，那麼這整個需求"
"不管安裝 1.0 或是 2.0 都會衝突，以致於應用程式無法使用。"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:23
msgid ""
"The solution for this problem is to create a :term:`virtual environment`, a "
"self-contained directory tree that contains a Python installation for a "
"particular version of Python, plus a number of additional packages."
msgstr ""
"解決方案是建立一個\\ :term:`虛擬環境 (virtual environment) <virtual "
"environment>`，這是一個獨立的資料夾，並且裡面裝好了特定版本的 Python，以及一"
"系列相關的套件。"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:27
msgid ""
"Different applications can then use different virtual environments. To "
"resolve the earlier example of conflicting requirements, application A can "
"have its own virtual environment with version 1.0 installed while "
"application B has another virtual environment with version 2.0. If "
"application B requires a library be upgraded to version 3.0, this will not "
"affect application A's environment."
msgstr ""
"不同的應用程式可以使用不同的虛擬環境。以前述中需要被解決的例子中，應用程式 A "
"能夠擁有它自己的虛擬環境，並且是裝好 1.0 版，然而應用程式 B 則可以是用另外一"
"個有 2.0 版的虛擬環境。要是應用程式 B 需要某個函式庫被升級到 3.0 版，這並不會"
"影響到應用程式 A 的環境。"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:36
msgid "Creating Virtual Environments"
msgstr "建立虛擬環境"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:38
msgid ""
"The module used to create and manage virtual environments is called :mod:"
"`venv`.  :mod:`venv` will install the Python version from which the command "
"was run (as reported by the :option:`--version` option). For instance, "
"executing the command with ``python3.12`` will install version 3.12."
msgstr ""
"用來建立與管理虛擬環境的模組叫做 :mod:`venv`。:mod:`venv` 將安裝執行命令的 "
"Python 版本（如 :option:`--version` 選項所報告的）。例如使用 ``python3.12`` "
"執行命令將安裝 3.12 版本。"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:44
msgid ""
"To create a virtual environment, decide upon a directory where you want to "
"place it, and run the :mod:`venv` module as a script with the directory "
"path::"
msgstr ""
"在建立虛擬環境的時候，在你決定要放該虛擬環境的資料夾之後，以腳本 (script) 執"
"行 :mod:`venv` 模組並且給定資料夾路徑： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:47
msgid "python -m venv tutorial-env"
msgstr "python -m venv tutorial-env"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:49
msgid ""
"This will create the ``tutorial-env`` directory if it doesn't exist, and "
"also create directories inside it containing a copy of the Python "
"interpreter and various supporting files."
msgstr ""
"如果 ``tutorial-env`` 不存在的話，這會建立 ``tutorial-env`` 資料夾，並且也會"
"在裡面建立一個有 Python 直譯器的複本以及不同的支援檔案的資料夾。"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:53
msgid ""
"A common directory location for a virtual environment is ``.venv``. This "
"name keeps the directory typically hidden in your shell and thus out of the "
"way while giving it a name that explains why the directory exists. It also "
"prevents clashing with ``.env`` environment variable definition files that "
"some tooling supports."
msgstr ""
"虛擬環境的常用資料夾位置是 ``.venv``。這個名稱通常會使該資料夾在你的 shell 中"
"保持隱藏，因此這樣命名既可以解釋資料夾存在的原因，也不會造成任何困擾。它還能"
"防止與某些工具所支援的 ``.env`` 環境變數定義檔案發生衝突。"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:59
msgid "Once you've created a virtual environment, you may activate it."
msgstr "一旦你建立了一個虛擬環境，你可以啟動它。"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:61
msgid "On Windows, run::"
msgstr "在 Windows 系統中，使用： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:63
msgid "tutorial-env\\Scripts\\activate"
msgstr "tutorial-env\\Scripts\\activate"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:65
msgid "On Unix or MacOS, run::"
msgstr "在 Unix 或 MacOS 系統，使用： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:67
msgid "source tutorial-env/bin/activate"
msgstr "source tutorial-env/bin/activate"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:69
msgid ""
"(This script is written for the bash shell.  If you use the :program:`csh` "
"or :program:`fish` shells, there are alternate ``activate.csh`` and "
"``activate.fish`` scripts you should use instead.)"
msgstr ""
"（這段程式碼適用於 bash shell。如果你是用 :program:`csh` 或者 :program:"
"`fish` shell，應當使用替代的 ``activate.csh`` 與 ``activate.fish`` 腳本。）"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:74
msgid ""
"Activating the virtual environment will change your shell's prompt to show "
"what virtual environment you're using, and modify the environment so that "
"running ``python`` will get you that particular version and installation of "
"Python. For example:"
msgstr ""
"啟動虛擬環境會改變你的 shell 提示字元來顯示你正在使用的虛擬環境，並且修改環境"
"以讓你在執行 ``python`` 的時候可以得到特定的 Python 版本，例如："

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:79
msgid ""
"$ source ~/envs/tutorial-env/bin/activate\n"
"(tutorial-env) $ python\n"
"Python 3.5.1 (default, May  6 2016, 10:59:36)\n"
"  ...\n"
">>> import sys\n"
">>> sys.path\n"
"['', '/usr/local/lib/python35.zip', ...,\n"
"'~/envs/tutorial-env/lib/python3.5/site-packages']\n"
">>>"
msgstr ""
"$ source ~/envs/tutorial-env/bin/activate\n"
"(tutorial-env) $ python\n"
"Python 3.5.1 (default, May  6 2016, 10:59:36)\n"
"  ...\n"
">>> import sys\n"
">>> sys.path\n"
"['', '/usr/local/lib/python35.zip', ...,\n"
"'~/envs/tutorial-env/lib/python3.5/site-packages']\n"
">>>"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:91
msgid "To deactivate a virtual environment, type::"
msgstr "要停用虛擬環境，輸入： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:93
msgid "deactivate"
msgstr "deactivate"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:95
msgid "into the terminal."
msgstr "於終端機中。"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:98
msgid "Managing Packages with pip"
msgstr "用 pip 管理套件"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:100
msgid ""
"You can install, upgrade, and remove packages using a program called :"
"program:`pip`.  By default ``pip`` will install packages from the `Python "
"Package Index <https://pypi.org>`_.  You can browse the Python Package Index "
"by going to it in your web browser."
msgstr ""
"你可以使用一個叫做 :program:`pip` 的程式來安裝、升級和移除套件。``pip`` 預設"
"會從 `Python Package Index <https://pypi.org>`_ 安裝套件。你可以透過你的網頁"
"瀏覽器瀏覽 Python Package Index。"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:105
msgid ""
"``pip`` has a number of subcommands: \"install\", \"uninstall\", \"freeze\", "
"etc.  (Consult the :ref:`installing-index` guide for complete documentation "
"for ``pip``.)"
msgstr ""
"``pip`` 有好幾個子命令：\"install\"、\"uninstall\"、\"freeze\" 等等。（可以參"
"考\\ :ref:`installing-index`\\ 指南，來取得 ``pip`` 的完整說明文件。）"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:109
msgid ""
"You can install the latest version of a package by specifying a package's "
"name:"
msgstr "你可以透過指定套件名字來安裝最新版本的套件："

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:111
msgid ""
"(tutorial-env) $ python -m pip install novas\n"
"Collecting novas\n"
"  Downloading novas-3.1.1.3.tar.gz (136kB)\n"
"Installing collected packages: novas\n"
"  Running setup.py install for novas\n"
"Successfully installed novas-3.1.1.3"
msgstr ""
"(tutorial-env) $ python -m pip install novas\n"
"Collecting novas\n"
"  Downloading novas-3.1.1.3.tar.gz (136kB)\n"
"Installing collected packages: novas\n"
"  Running setup.py install for novas\n"
"Successfully installed novas-3.1.1.3"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:120
msgid ""
"You can also install a specific version of a package by giving the package "
"name  followed by ``==`` and the version number:"
msgstr "你也可以透過在套件名稱之後接上 ``==`` 和版號來指定特定版本："

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:123
msgid ""
"(tutorial-env) $ python -m pip install requests==2.6.0\n"
"Collecting requests==2.6.0\n"
"  Using cached requests-2.6.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl\n"
"Installing collected packages: requests\n"
"Successfully installed requests-2.6.0"
msgstr ""
"(tutorial-env) $ python -m pip install requests==2.6.0\n"
"Collecting requests==2.6.0\n"
"  Using cached requests-2.6.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl\n"
"Installing collected packages: requests\n"
"Successfully installed requests-2.6.0"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:131
msgid ""
"If you re-run this command, ``pip`` will notice that the requested version "
"is already installed and do nothing.  You can supply a different version "
"number to get that version, or you can run ``python -m pip install --"
"upgrade`` to upgrade the package to the latest version:"
msgstr ""
"要是你重新執行此命令，``pip`` 會知道該版本已經安裝過，然後什麼也不做。你可以"
"提供不同的版本號碼來取得該版本，或是可以執行 ``python -m pip install --"
"upgrade`` 來把套件升級到最新的版本："

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:136
msgid ""
"(tutorial-env) $ python -m pip install --upgrade requests\n"
"Collecting requests\n"
"Installing collected packages: requests\n"
"  Found existing installation: requests 2.6.0\n"
"    Uninstalling requests-2.6.0:\n"
"      Successfully uninstalled requests-2.6.0\n"
"Successfully installed requests-2.7.0"
msgstr ""
"(tutorial-env) $ python -m pip install --upgrade requests\n"
"Collecting requests\n"
"Installing collected packages: requests\n"
"  Found existing installation: requests 2.6.0\n"
"    Uninstalling requests-2.6.0:\n"
"      Successfully uninstalled requests-2.6.0\n"
"Successfully installed requests-2.7.0"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:146
msgid ""
"``python -m pip uninstall`` followed by one or more package names will "
"remove the packages from the virtual environment."
msgstr ""
"``python -m pip uninstall`` 後面接一個或是多個套件名稱可以從虛擬環境中移除套"
"件。"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:149
msgid ""
"``python -m pip show`` will display information about a particular package:"
msgstr "``python -m pip show`` 可以顯示一個特定套件的資訊："

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:151
msgid ""
"(tutorial-env) $ python -m pip show requests\n"
"---\n"
"Metadata-Version: 2.0\n"
"Name: requests\n"
"Version: 2.7.0\n"
"Summary: Python HTTP for Humans.\n"
"Home-page: http://python-requests.org\n"
"Author: Kenneth Reitz\n"
"Author-email: me@kennethreitz.com\n"
"License: Apache 2.0\n"
"Location: /Users/akuchling/envs/tutorial-env/lib/python3.4/site-packages\n"
"Requires:"
msgstr ""
"(tutorial-env) $ python -m pip show requests\n"
"---\n"
"Metadata-Version: 2.0\n"
"Name: requests\n"
"Version: 2.7.0\n"
"Summary: Python HTTP for Humans.\n"
"Home-page: http://python-requests.org\n"
"Author: Kenneth Reitz\n"
"Author-email: me@kennethreitz.com\n"
"License: Apache 2.0\n"
"Location: /Users/akuchling/envs/tutorial-env/lib/python3.4/site-packages\n"
"Requires:"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:166
msgid ""
"``python -m pip list`` will display all of the packages installed in the "
"virtual environment:"
msgstr "``python -m pip list`` 會顯示虛擬環境中所有已經安裝的套件："

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:169
msgid ""
"(tutorial-env) $ python -m pip list\n"
"novas (3.1.1.3)\n"
"numpy (1.9.2)\n"
"pip (7.0.3)\n"
"requests (2.7.0)\n"
"setuptools (16.0)"
msgstr ""
"(tutorial-env) $ python -m pip list\n"
"novas (3.1.1.3)\n"
"numpy (1.9.2)\n"
"pip (7.0.3)\n"
"requests (2.7.0)\n"
"setuptools (16.0)"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:178
msgid ""
"``python -m pip freeze`` will produce a similar list of the installed "
"packages, but the output uses the format that ``python -m pip install`` "
"expects. A common convention is to put this list in a ``requirements.txt`` "
"file:"
msgstr ""
"``python -m pip freeze`` 可以複製一整個已經安裝的套件清單，但是輸出使用 "
"``python -m pip install`` 可以讀懂的格式。一個常見的慣例是放這整個清單到一個"
"叫做 ``requirements.txt`` 的檔案："

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:182
msgid ""
"(tutorial-env) $ python -m pip freeze > requirements.txt\n"
"(tutorial-env) $ cat requirements.txt\n"
"novas==3.1.1.3\n"
"numpy==1.9.2\n"
"requests==2.7.0"
msgstr ""
"(tutorial-env) $ python -m pip freeze > requirements.txt\n"
"(tutorial-env) $ cat requirements.txt\n"
"novas==3.1.1.3\n"
"numpy==1.9.2\n"
"requests==2.7.0"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:190
msgid ""
"The ``requirements.txt`` can then be committed to version control and "
"shipped as part of an application.  Users can then install all the necessary "
"packages with ``install -r``:"
msgstr ""
"``requirements.txt`` 可以提交到版本控制，並且作為釋出應用程式的一部分。使用者"
"可以透過 ``install -r`` 安裝對應的的套件："

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:194
msgid ""
"(tutorial-env) $ python -m pip install -r requirements.txt\n"
"Collecting novas==3.1.1.3 (from -r requirements.txt (line 1))\n"
"  ...\n"
"Collecting numpy==1.9.2 (from -r requirements.txt (line 2))\n"
"  ...\n"
"Collecting requests==2.7.0 (from -r requirements.txt (line 3))\n"
"  ...\n"
"Installing collected packages: novas, numpy, requests\n"
"  Running setup.py install for novas\n"
"Successfully installed novas-3.1.1.3 numpy-1.9.2 requests-2.7.0"
msgstr ""
"(tutorial-env) $ python -m pip install -r requirements.txt\n"
"Collecting novas==3.1.1.3 (from -r requirements.txt (line 1))\n"
"  ...\n"
"Collecting numpy==1.9.2 (from -r requirements.txt (line 2))\n"
"  ...\n"
"Collecting requests==2.7.0 (from -r requirements.txt (line 3))\n"
"  ...\n"
"Installing collected packages: novas, numpy, requests\n"
"  Running setup.py install for novas\n"
"Successfully installed novas-3.1.1.3 numpy-1.9.2 requests-2.7.0"

#: ../../tutorial/venv.rst:207
msgid ""
"``pip`` has many more options.  Consult the :ref:`installing-index` guide "
"for complete documentation for ``pip``.  When you've written a package and "
"want to make it available on the Python Package Index, consult the `Python "
"packaging user guide`_."
msgstr ""
"``pip`` 還有更多功能。可以參考\\ :ref:`installing-index`\\ 指南，來取得完整"
"的 ``pip`` 說明文件。當你撰寫了一個套件並且想要讓它在 Python Package Index 上"
"可以取得的話，可以參考 `Python packaging user guide`_。"