-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 0
Expand file tree
/
Copy pathextending.html
More file actions
252 lines (228 loc) · 14.9 KB
/
extending.html
File metadata and controls
252 lines (228 loc) · 14.9 KB
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="zh_TW">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge" />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>8. Extending Distutils — Python 3.7.0 說明文件</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pydoctheme.css" type="text/css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" />
<script type="text/javascript" id="documentation_options" data-url_root="../" src="../_static/documentation_options.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/translations.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/sidebar.js"></script>
<link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml"
title="在 Python 3.7.0 說明文件 中搜尋"
href="../_static/opensearch.xml"/>
<link rel="author" title="關於這些文件" href="../about.html" />
<link rel="index" title="索引" href="../genindex.html" />
<link rel="search" title="搜尋" href="../search.html" />
<link rel="copyright" title="Copyright" href="../copyright.html" />
<link rel="next" title="9. 指令參照" href="commandref.html" />
<link rel="prev" title="7. 範例" href="examples.html" />
<link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="../_static/py.png" />
<link rel="canonical" href="https://docs.python.org/3/distutils/extending.html" />
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/copybutton.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/switchers.js"></script>
</head><body>
<div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation">
<h3>瀏覽</h3>
<ul>
<li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
<a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index"
accesskey="I">索引</a></li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python 模組索引"
>模組</a> |</li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="commandref.html" title="9. 指令參照"
accesskey="N">下一頁</a> |</li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="examples.html" title="7. 範例"
accesskey="P">上一頁</a> |</li>
<li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt=""
style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li>
<li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li>
<li>
<span class="language_switcher_placeholder">zh_TW</span>
<span class="version_switcher_placeholder">3.7.0</span>
<a href="../index.html">Documentation </a> »
</li>
<li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" accesskey="U">發布 Python 模組（舊版）</a> »</li>
<li class="right">
<div class="inline-search" style="display: none" role="search">
<form class="inline-search" action="../search.html" method="get">
<input placeholder="Quick search" type="text" name="q" />
<input type="submit" value="Go" />
<input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
<input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
</form>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">$('.inline-search').show(0);</script>
|
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="document">
<div class="documentwrapper">
<div class="bodywrapper">
<div class="body" role="main">
<div class="section" id="extending-distutils">
<span id="id1"></span><h1>8. Extending Distutils<a class="headerlink" href="#extending-distutils" title="本標題的永久連結">¶</a></h1>
<p>Distutils can be extended in various ways. Most extensions take the form of new
commands or replacements for existing commands. New commands may be written to
support new types of platform-specific packaging, for example, while
replacements for existing commands may be made to modify details of how the
command operates on a package.</p>
<p>Most extensions of the distutils are made within <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setup.py</span></code> scripts that
want to modify existing commands; many simply add a few file extensions that
should be copied into packages in addition to <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.py</span></code> files as a
convenience.</p>
<p>Most distutils command implementations are subclasses of the
<a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#distutils.cmd.Command" title="distutils.cmd.Command"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.cmd.Command</span></code></a> class. New commands may directly inherit from
<code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Command</span></code>, while replacements often derive from <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Command</span></code>
indirectly, directly subclassing the command they are replacing. Commands are
required to derive from <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Command</span></code>.</p>
<div class="section" id="integrating-new-commands">
<h2>8.1. Integrating new commands<a class="headerlink" href="#integrating-new-commands" title="本標題的永久連結">¶</a></h2>
<p>There are different ways to integrate new command implementations into
distutils. The most difficult is to lobby for the inclusion of the new features
in distutils itself, and wait for (and require) a version of Python that
provides that support. This is really hard for many reasons.</p>
<p>The most common, and possibly the most reasonable for most needs, is to include
the new implementations with your <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setup.py</span></code> script, and cause the
<a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#distutils.core.setup" title="distutils.core.setup"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.core.setup()</span></code></a> function use them:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">distutils.command.build_py</span> <span class="k">import</span> <span class="n">build_py</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">_build_py</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">distutils.core</span> <span class="k">import</span> <span class="n">setup</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">build_py</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_build_py</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">"""Specialized Python source builder."""</span>
<span class="c1"># implement whatever needs to be different...</span>
<span class="n">setup</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cmdclass</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="s1">'build_py'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">build_py</span><span class="p">},</span>
<span class="o">...</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>This approach is most valuable if the new implementations must be used to use a
particular package, as everyone interested in the package will need to have the
new command implementation.</p>
<p>Beginning with Python 2.4, a third option is available, intended to allow new
commands to be added which can support existing <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setup.py</span></code> scripts without
requiring modifications to the Python installation. This is expected to allow
third-party extensions to provide support for additional packaging systems, but
the commands can be used for anything distutils commands can be used for. A new
configuration option, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">command_packages</span></code> (command-line option
<code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--command-packages</span></code>), can be used to specify additional packages to be
searched for modules implementing commands. Like all distutils options, this
can be specified on the command line or in a configuration file. This option
can only be set in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[global]</span></code> section of a configuration file, or before
any commands on the command line. If set in a configuration file, it can be
overridden from the command line; setting it to an empty string on the command
line causes the default to be used. This should never be set in a configuration
file provided with a package.</p>
<p>This new option can be used to add any number of packages to the list of
packages searched for command implementations; multiple package names should be
separated by commas. When not specified, the search is only performed in the
<a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.command" title="distutils.command: This subpackage contains one module for each standard Distutils command."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.command</span></code></a> package. When <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setup.py</span></code> is run with the option
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--command-packages</span> <span class="pre">distcmds,buildcmds</span></code>, however, the packages
<a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.command" title="distutils.command: This subpackage contains one module for each standard Distutils command."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.command</span></code></a>, <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distcmds</span></code>, and <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">buildcmds</span></code> will be searched
in that order. New commands are expected to be implemented in modules of the
same name as the command by classes sharing the same name. Given the example
command line option above, the command <strong class="command">bdist_openpkg</strong> could be
implemented by the class <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distcmds.bdist_openpkg.bdist_openpkg</span></code> or
<code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">buildcmds.bdist_openpkg.bdist_openpkg</span></code>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="adding-new-distribution-types">
<h2>8.2. Adding new distribution types<a class="headerlink" href="#adding-new-distribution-types" title="本標題的永久連結">¶</a></h2>
<p>Commands that create distributions (files in the <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dist/</span></code> directory) need
to add <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(command,</span> <span class="pre">filename)</span></code> pairs to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">self.distribution.dist_files</span></code> so that
<strong class="command">upload</strong> can upload it to PyPI. The <em>filename</em> in the pair contains no
path information, only the name of the file itself. In dry-run mode, pairs
should still be added to represent what would have been created.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation">
<div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
<h3><a href="../contents.html">目錄</a></h3>
<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">8. Extending Distutils</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#integrating-new-commands">8.1. Integrating new commands</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#adding-new-distribution-types">8.2. Adding new distribution types</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>上個主題</h4>
<p class="topless"><a href="examples.html"
title="上一章">7. 範例</a></p>
<h4>下個主題</h4>
<p class="topless"><a href="commandref.html"
title="下一章">9. 指令參照</a></p>
<div role="note" aria-label="source link">
<h3>This Page</h3>
<ul class="this-page-menu">
<li><a href="../bugs.html">Report a Bug</a></li>
<li>
<a href="https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/3.7/Doc/distutils/extending.rst"
rel="nofollow">Show Source
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="clearer"></div>
</div>
<div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation">
<h3>瀏覽</h3>
<ul>
<li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
<a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index"
>索引</a></li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python 模組索引"
>模組</a> |</li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="commandref.html" title="9. 指令參照"
>下一頁</a> |</li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="examples.html" title="7. 範例"
>上一頁</a> |</li>
<li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt=""
style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li>
<li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li>
<li>
<span class="language_switcher_placeholder">zh_TW</span>
<span class="version_switcher_placeholder">3.7.0</span>
<a href="../index.html">Documentation </a> »
</li>
<li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >發布 Python 模組（舊版）</a> »</li>
<li class="right">
<div class="inline-search" style="display: none" role="search">
<form class="inline-search" action="../search.html" method="get">
<input placeholder="Quick search" type="text" name="q" />
<input type="submit" value="Go" />
<input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
<input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
</form>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">$('.inline-search').show(0);</script>
|
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="footer">
© <a href="../copyright.html">Copyright</a> 2001-2018, Python Software Foundation.
<br />
The Python Software Foundation is a non-profit corporation.
<a href="https://www.python.org/psf/donations/">Please donate.</a>
<br />
Last updated on 8月 22, 2018.
<a href="../bugs.html">Found a bug</a>?
<br />
Created using <a href="http://sphinx.pocoo.org/">Sphinx</a> 1.7.7.
</div>
</body>
</html>