ZipArchive::extractTo(): Invalid or uninitialized Zip object

this means the downloaded file is corrupted. Can you have a look at the file to see what it contains locally?
The fix could be to throw a meaningful exception when this occurs. (catching the first warning and turning it into an exception.)

Could you have a look?

OK after several tests I found the part that doesn't work, but this is a little bit strange so i want your advise before commit anything.

for begining i have edited the file in "\vendor\symfony\phpunit-bridge\bin\simple-phpunit" and i have added exceptions for the zip file

And after launch i have the exception "no such file"

So i looked the part that download the file :

if (extension_loaded('openssl') && ini_get('allow_url_fopen') && !isset($_SERVER['http_proxy']) && !isset($_SERVER['https_proxy'])) {
        $remoteZip = "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/phpunit/archive/$PHPUNIT_VERSION.zip";
        $remoteZipStream = @fopen($remoteZip, 'rb');
        if (!$remoteZipStream) {
            throw new \RuntimeException("Could not find $remoteZip");
        }
        stream_copy_to_stream($remoteZipStream, fopen("$PHPUNIT_VERSION.zip", 'wb'));
    } else {
        @unlink("$PHPUNIT_VERSION.zip");
        passthru("wget -q https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/phpunit/archive/$PHPUNIT_VERSION.zip");
    }

and after testing, the script doesn't enter in the condition statement, so i deleted the statement and then everything works out.

the strange part is this test

!isset($_SERVER['http_proxy']) && !isset($_SERVER['https_proxy']) 

In my symfony test app i've got 1 & 1
But in command line i've got nothing so this is why i have this bug

The logic here is that when an http(s)_proxy is set, we assume that we cannot use fopen() because it won't get through the proxy (it's possible, but requires some non trivial amount of code).

When this happens, we fallback to using wget, which is not available on your setup I suppose.

We could use certutil instead on Windows:
certutil.exe -urlcache -split -f "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/phpunit/archive/$PHPUNIT_VERSION.zip" $PHPUNIT_VERSION.zip

Would you like to have a try and submit a PR if it works?