diff --git a/src/Symfony/Component/Config/Exception/LogicException.php b/src/Symfony/Component/Config/Exception/LogicException.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..d227aece4b3b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Symfony/Component/Config/Exception/LogicException.php
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<?php
+
+/*
+ * This file is part of the Symfony package.
+ *
+ * (c) Fabien Potencier <fabien@symfony.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view the LICENSE
+ * file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace Symfony\Component\Config\Exception;
+
+class LogicException extends \LogicException
+{
+}
diff --git a/src/Symfony/Component/Config/Loader/Loader.php b/src/Symfony/Component/Config/Loader/Loader.php
index ad1c809324fec..30f45e11edeec 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/Component/Config/Loader/Loader.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/Component/Config/Loader/Loader.php
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 namespace Symfony\Component\Config\Loader;
 
 use Symfony\Component\Config\Exception\LoaderLoadException;
+use Symfony\Component\Config\Exception\LogicException;
 
 /**
  * Loader is the abstract class used by all built-in loaders.
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@
  */
 abstract class Loader implements LoaderInterface
 {
-    protected LoaderResolverInterface $resolver;
+    protected ?LoaderResolverInterface $resolver = null;
     protected ?string $env;
 
     public function __construct(?string $env = null)
@@ -30,6 +31,10 @@ public function __construct(?string $env = null)
 
     public function getResolver(): LoaderResolverInterface
     {
+        if (null === $this->resolver) {
+            throw new LogicException('Cannot get a resolver if none was set.');
+        }
+
         return $this->resolver;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/Symfony/Component/Config/Tests/Loader/LoaderTest.php b/src/Symfony/Component/Config/Tests/Loader/LoaderTest.php
index 70bfb8fc15005..263bde26de04a 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/Component/Config/Tests/Loader/LoaderTest.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/Component/Config/Tests/Loader/LoaderTest.php
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 
 use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
 use Symfony\Component\Config\Exception\LoaderLoadException;
+use Symfony\Component\Config\Exception\LogicException;
 use Symfony\Component\Config\Loader\Loader;
 use Symfony\Component\Config\Loader\LoaderInterface;
 use Symfony\Component\Config\Loader\LoaderResolverInterface;
@@ -29,6 +30,14 @@ public function testGetSetResolver()
         $this->assertSame($resolver, $loader->getResolver(), '->setResolver() sets the resolver loader');
     }
 
+    public function testGetResolverWithoutSetResolver()
+    {
+        $this->expectException(LogicException::class);
+
+        $loader = new ProjectLoader1();
+        $loader->getResolver();
+    }
+
     public function testResolve()
     {
         $resolvedLoader = $this->createMock(LoaderInterface::class);
@@ -46,6 +55,14 @@ public function testResolve()
         $this->assertSame($resolvedLoader, $loader->resolve('foo.xml'), '->resolve() finds a loader');
     }
 
+    public function testResolveWithoutSetResolver()
+    {
+        $this->expectException(LoaderLoadException::class);
+
+        $loader = new ProjectLoader1();
+        $loader->resolve('foo.xml');
+    }
+
     public function testResolveWhenResolverCannotFindLoader()
     {
         $resolver = $this->createMock(LoaderResolverInterface::class);
diff --git a/src/Symfony/Component/Routing/Exception/LogicException.php b/src/Symfony/Component/Routing/Exception/LogicException.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..16ed58eefe379
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Symfony/Component/Routing/Exception/LogicException.php
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<?php
+
+/*
+ * This file is part of the Symfony package.
+ *
+ * (c) Fabien Potencier <fabien@symfony.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view the LICENSE
+ * file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace Symfony\Component\Routing\Exception;
+
+class LogicException extends \LogicException
+{
+}
diff --git a/src/Symfony/Component/Routing/Loader/AttributeClassLoader.php b/src/Symfony/Component/Routing/Loader/AttributeClassLoader.php
index 3b895a9f8006e..8372d90ae9b49 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/Component/Routing/Loader/AttributeClassLoader.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/Component/Routing/Loader/AttributeClassLoader.php
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 use Symfony\Component\Config\Loader\LoaderResolverInterface;
 use Symfony\Component\Config\Resource\FileResource;
 use Symfony\Component\Routing\Attribute\Route as RouteAnnotation;
+use Symfony\Component\Routing\Exception\LogicException;
 use Symfony\Component\Routing\Route;
 use Symfony\Component\Routing\RouteCollection;
 
@@ -226,6 +227,7 @@ public function setResolver(LoaderResolverInterface $resolver): void
 
     public function getResolver(): LoaderResolverInterface
     {
+        throw new LogicException(sprintf('The "%s()" method must not be called.', __METHOD__));
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/Symfony/Component/Routing/Tests/Loader/AttributeClassLoaderTest.php b/src/Symfony/Component/Routing/Tests/Loader/AttributeClassLoaderTest.php
index 9b8c5d27397ed..ad65f09c253cc 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/Component/Routing/Tests/Loader/AttributeClassLoaderTest.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/Component/Routing/Tests/Loader/AttributeClassLoaderTest.php
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 
 use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
 use Symfony\Component\Routing\Alias;
+use Symfony\Component\Routing\Exception\LogicException;
 use Symfony\Component\Routing\Tests\Fixtures\AttributeFixtures\AbstractClassController;
 use Symfony\Component\Routing\Tests\Fixtures\AttributeFixtures\ActionPathController;
 use Symfony\Component\Routing\Tests\Fixtures\AttributeFixtures\BazClass;
@@ -54,6 +55,14 @@ protected function setUp(?string $env = null): void
         $this->loader = new TraceableAttributeClassLoader($env);
     }
 
+    public function testGetResolver()
+    {
+        $this->expectException(LogicException::class);
+
+        $loader = new TraceableAttributeClassLoader();
+        $loader->getResolver();
+    }
+
     /**
      * @dataProvider provideTestSupportsChecksResource
      */