How to Use the Volatile Keyword in C++?

// C++ Program to Show how to use the Volatile Keyword
#include <iostream>
#include <mutex>
#include <thread>
using namespace std;

// Mutex for synchronization
mutex mtx;

// Volatile variable to be accessed by multiple threads
volatile int volVar = 0;

// Function to increment the volatile variable
void incValue()
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
        mtx.lock(); // Lock the mutex before accessing
                    // volVar
        volVar++;
        mtx.unlock(); // Unlock the mutex after modifying
                      // volVar
    }
}

int main()
{
    // Create two threads to increment volVar
    thread t1(incValue);
    thread t2(incValue);

    // Wait for both threads to finish
    t1.join();
    t2.join();

    // Output the final value of volVar
    cout << "Final value of volVar: " << volVar << endl;

    return 0;
}