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Enzymes 3

This document discusses different types of enzyme inhibition including competitive, uncompetitive, and noncompetitive inhibition. It provides graphical representations of Michaelis-Menten kinetics for enzymes in the absence and presence of inhibitors. Competitive inhibitors bind the enzyme's active site, increasing the apparent Km value. Uncompetitive inhibitors bind the enzyme-substrate complex, decreasing Vmax. Noncompetitive inhibitors can bind either the free enzyme or enzyme-substrate complex, increasing both the apparent Km and decreasing the apparent Vmax. The document uses kinetic equations and graphs to illustrate the effects of different inhibitors on the Michaelis-Menten model.

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Ifatin Illin
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25 views6 pages

Enzymes 3

This document discusses different types of enzyme inhibition including competitive, uncompetitive, and noncompetitive inhibition. It provides graphical representations of Michaelis-Menten kinetics for enzymes in the absence and presence of inhibitors. Competitive inhibitors bind the enzyme's active site, increasing the apparent Km value. Uncompetitive inhibitors bind the enzyme-substrate complex, decreasing Vmax. Noncompetitive inhibitors can bind either the free enzyme or enzyme-substrate complex, increasing both the apparent Km and decreasing the apparent Vmax. The document uses kinetic equations and graphs to illustrate the effects of different inhibitors on the Michaelis-Menten model.

Uploaded by

Ifatin Illin
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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-10

-5
0
5
10
15
20
-50 -30 -10 10 30 50
v
,

m
o
l
/
m
i
n
[S], mM
Enzymes
Eric Niederhoffer
SIU-SOM
E
S E S P
v =
V
max
[S]
K
m
+ [S]
k
1

k
-1

k
2

-K
m
, V
max


0
1
2
3
4
5
0 10 20 30 40 50
v
,

m
o
l
/
m
i
n
[S], mM
K
m

0.5V
max


0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
-0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
1
/
v
,

/

m
o
l
/
m
i
n
1/[S], /mM
-1/K
m
1/V
max
K
m
/V
max

0
1
2
3
4
5
0 10 20 30 40 50
v
,

m
o
l
/
m
i
n
[S], mM
0.5V
max
K
m
Competitive Inhibition
Competitive
S E CI S + E ES E + P
I
+
EI
K
ic


0
1
2
3
4
5
0 10 20 30 40 50
v
,

m
o
l
/
m
i
n
[S], mM
No I
+ C I
K
m
0.5V
max
K
m
app

1
v
=
K
m
V
max
1
[S]
+
1
V
max
v =
V
max
[S]
K
m
+ [S]
v =
V
max
[S]
oK
m
+[S]
1
v
=
oK
m
V
max
1
[S]
+
1
V
max
o = 1+
[I]
K
ic
|
\

|
.
|

0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
-0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
1
/
v
,

/

m
o
l
/
m
i
n
1/[S], /mM
+ C I
No I
-1/K
m
1/V
max
K
m
/V
max
-1/K
m
app

K
m
app
/V
max

0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
-0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
1
/
v
,

/

m
o
l
/
m
i
n
1/[S], /mM
-1/K
m
1/V
max
K
m
/V
max
Uncompetitive Inhibition
Uncompetitive
(catalytic)
S E UCI
K
iu

S + E ES E + P
ESI
I
+
v =
V
max
[S]
K
m
+ [S]
1
v
=
K
m
V
max
1
[S]
+
1
V
max
v =
V
max
[S]
K
m
+ o' [S]
1
v
=
K
m
V
max
1
[S]
+
o'
V
max
o' = 1+
[I]
K
iu
|
\

|
.
|

0
1
2
3
4
5
0 10 20 30 40 50
v
,

m
o
l
/
m
i
n
[S], mM
0.5V
max
K
m

0
1
2
3
4
5
0 10 20 30 40 50
v
,

m
o
l
/
m
i
n
[S]. mM
No I
+ UC I
K
m
0.5V
max
K
m
app

0.5V
max


0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
-0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
1
/
v
,

/

m
o
l
/
m
i
n
1/[S]. /mM
+ UC I
No I
-1/K
m
1/V
max
K
m
/V
max
1/V
max
app

-1/K
m
app

K
m
app
/V
max
app


0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
-0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
1
/
v
,

/

m
o
l
/
m
i
n
1/[S], /mM
-1/K
m
1/V
max
K
m
/V
max
Noncompetitive Inhibition
Noncompetitive
(mixed-type)

0
1
2
3
4
5
0 10 20 30 40 50
v
,

m
o
l
/
m
i
n
[S], mM
0.5V
max
K
m
S E NCI
NCI
+
K
ic

K
iu

S + E ES E + P
I
EI ESI
I
+
S E
v =
V
max
[S]
K
m
+ [S]
1
v
=
K
m
V
max
1
[S]
+
1
V
max
1
v
=
oK
m
V
max
1
[S]
+
o'
V
max
v =
V
max
[S]
oK
m
+o' [S]
o = 1+
[I]
K
ic
|
\

|
.
|
o' = 1+
[I]
K
iu
|
\

|
.
|

0
1
2
3
4
5
0 10 20 30 40 50
v
,

m
o
l
/
m
i
n
[S], mM
No I
+ NCI
K
m
0.5V
max

0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
-0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
1
/
v
,

/

m
o
l
/
m
i
n
1/[S], /mM
+ NC I
No I
-1/K
m
1/V
max
K
m
/V
max
K
m
/V
max
app

1/V
max
app

0.5V
max

Enzyme Inhibition Summary

0
1
2
3
4
5
0 10 20 30 40 50
v
,

m
o
l
/
m
i
n
[S], mM
No inhibitor
+ C I
+ NC I
+ UC I
0.5V
max
K
m
0.5V
max
app
K
app
m
0.5V
max
app
K
app
m
K
m

0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
-0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
1
/
v
,

/

m
o
l
/
m
i
n
1/[S], /mM
No I
+ C I
+ UC I
+ NC I
-1/K
m
1/V
max
K
m
/V
max
-1/K
m
app
1/V
max
app
K
m
app
/V
max
app
1/V
max
app
K
m
/V
max
app
-1/K
m
-1/K
m
K
m
app
/V
max
o = 1+
[I]
K
ic
|
\

|
.
|
o' = 1+
[I]
K
iu
|
\

|
.
|
v =
V
max
[S]
K
m
+ [S]
1
v
=
K
m
V
max
1
[S]
+
1
V
max
1
v
=
oK
m
V
max
1
[S]
+
o'
V
max
v =
V
max
[S]
oK
m
+o' [S]
Neat or what?
Review Questions
What is the function of enzymes?
What do enzyme names mean?
What are the types of enzyme
inhibition (functional and
graphical features)?

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