Find the area of the region between the cardioids r = 1 + cos(t) and r = 1 + sin(t).
Figure 1: The curves in polar and cartesian coordinates In the graph on the right, there are two different innter regions, one between and /2, and one between /2 and . In the graph on the left, these are the two regions which lie below both of the curves. So we need four separate integrals, or you can use symmetry to break it down to two. The smaller region is:
3 /4
0 1+cos( )
/2
1+sin( )
r dr d
3 /4 0
r dr d .
Both of these integrals should be equal, so you can save time by just doubling one. And the bigger one is:
/4 1+sin( ) 1+cos( )
/2 0
r dr d
+
/4 0
r dr d .
And again, both of these integrals should be equal. The nal answer is the sum of all of these integrals.