Problem/challenge/misconception: Atmospheric pressure is caused by the collision of air molecules on the surface Hands-On Activity to conceptualise atmospheric pressure

. Topic: Approach: !ethod: Understanding atmospheric pressure. Active earning Hands-On Activity

"mplementing strategy: a. Six activity stations are prepared around the laboratory. b. Students are divided into six groups to conduct the activities in rotation. c. Worksheet is provided at each station. d. Teacher discusses the results of the Hands-On Activity ith the students. e. Teacher de!onstrates an activity on the concept of at!ospheric pressure follo ed by discussion. "Optional# Station $: Spider!an Station %: &reaking of !etre rule using ne spaper Station ': Anti-gravity ater Station (: Shelled boiled egg in conical flask Station ): *ru!pled plastic !ineral ater Station +: ,rinking of carbonated beverage ,e!onstration: *ru!pled tin can

#or$sheet for %tation & Apparatus: Suction pu!p "suction cap# "nstruction: -ress the suction cap onto a s!ooth surface. 'uestions: $. What do you observe. %. What happen to the air in the suction pu!p hen you press it. '. *o!pare the pressure bet een the air in the suction pu!p and the surrounding.

#or$sheet for %tation ( Apparatus: /etre rule !aterial: 0e spaper

"nstruction: $. Spread a s!all sheet of ne spaper on the table. %. -lace a half-!etre rule underneath the ne spaper ith part of it 1utting out as sho n in the figure belo . '. Try to lift the ne spaper by chopping the ruler at point A ith your fist. (. 2epeat the activity ith a bigger sheet of ne spaper.

Metre rule Newspaper

'uestions: $. Which sheet of ne spaper is !ore difficult to lift. %. 3xplain your ans er.

#or$sheet for %tation ) Apparatus: A drinking glass4 a s5uare shaped cardboard ") c! x ) c!# !aterial: Tap ater.

"nstruction: $. 6ill in the glass to the bri! ith tap ater. %. *over the glass ith a cardboard. '. -ress the cardboard fir!ly and turn the glass upside do n. (. 2elease your hand fro! the cardboard hen the glass is fully inverted. 'uestion: $. What happens to the ater hen the glass is fully inverted. %. What causes the pheno!enon that has been observed. '. What happen if the sa!e experi!ent is perfor!ed on the /oon.

#or$sheet for %tation * Apparatus: A conical flask !aterial: A shelled hard-boiled egg4 boiling ater

"nstruction: $. -our the boiling ater into the conical flask to about half of its volu!e. %. -lace the egg at the !outh of the conical flask ith about a third of the egg is inside the flask. '. Sho er the exterior of the conical flask ith tap ater. 'uestions: $. What happens to the egg after a fe !inutes. (The egg slowly slides down into the conical flask) %. *o!pare the air pressure inside the flask before and after the egg slides do n the !outh of the conical flask. (The air pressure is higher before the egg slides down into the flask) '. Why does the egg slide do n into the conical flask. (Atmospheric pressure which is higher than the pressure inside the flask causes the boiled egg to be pushed into the flask) +,tension: Will you observe the sa!e situation if this experi!ent is carried out on the !oon.

#or$sheet for %tation Apparatus: )77 !l plastic ater bottle !aterial: Hot ater

"nstruction: $. -our about %77 !l of hot ater into the plastic bottle and cap it. %. Observe the plastic bottle after $ or % !inutes. '. *o!pare the air pressure inside the plastic bottle and the surrounding. 'uestions: $. What happens to the plastic bottle. %. What causes the plastic bottle to be in the state you have observed. +,tension: Will you observe the sa!e situation if this experi!ent is carried out on the !oon.

#or$sheet for %tation . Apparatus: /aterials: T o drinking glasses4 drinking stra s *arbonated beverage

Straw B Straw A Perforation

Carbonated beverage

Glass A ,iagra! $

Glass B

"nstruction: $. Set up the apparatus as sho n in ,iagra! $. %. 8sing the drinking stra s4 try to drink the beverage in glass A and glass &. 'uestion: $. Which stra enables you to drink easily. A hen you

%. What ill happen to the air colu!n in drinking stra drink fro! glass A. '. *o!pare the air pressure inside stra pressure.

A ith the surrounding air A hen you

(. What ill happen to the air colu!n in drinking stra drink fro! glass &. ). *o!pare the air pressure inside stra air pressure.

& ith the surrounding

/iscussion: $. 3xplain the causes of the pheno!ena that have been observed.

+ffect of altitude on the magnitude of atmospheric pressure $. %. '. Have you ever traveled using airplane or !ountain cli!bing or being at the top of a tall building. ,o you experience any pain in your ear. Teacher and students discuss the effect of altitude on the !agnitude of at!ospheric pressure using the diagra! belo . Atmospheric limit

H2 H3 B C Sea level

H1 A

(. *o!pare the air colu!ns at position A4 & and * "the sea level#. Which air colu!n is the longest. ). Which position experienced highest at!ospheric pressure. +. What can you say of the relationship bet een the altitude and the !agnitude of the at!ospheric pressure . /iscussion: With the aid of the diagra! belo 4 teacher explains that the higher the altitude4 the lo er the air pressure.

#uter li"it

h2

h1

Eart !s at"osp ere

Eart

Topic: Approach: !ethod: %trategy:

8nderstanding 9as -ressure *onstructivis! 3ffective :uestioning Techni5ue Teacher de!onstrates ;it /odel Theory ;inetic4 follo ed by effective 5uestioning techni5ue to build understanding on the origin of gas pressure.

<!agine that the polystyrene balls represent the air !olecules trapped in an closed container as sho n in the diagra! belo .

polystyrene balls

"a# "b# "c#

What can you say about the nu!ber of polystyrene balls "air !olecules# in the closed container . What can you say about the !otion of the !olecules. State the type of collision bet een the !olecules and the all of the container.

+v

-v

$all of %ontainer

"d# What is the !o!entu! of the air !olecule before the collision. "e# What is the !o!entu! of the air !olecule after the collision. "f# What is the change in !o!entu!. "g# <f there are n !olecules collide ith the all in t seconds. "i# "ii# "ii# "iv# What is the total change of !o!entu! in t seconds . What is the change of !o!entu! in one second . What is the rate of change of !o!entu! . What is the total i!pulsive force acting on the all of the container .