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Aeration in Fermentation

There are three main types of spargers used to introduce air into liquid in bioreactors: porous spargers, orifice spargers, and nozzle spargers. Porous spargers made of materials like glass or ceramic are primarily used on a small laboratory scale. Orifice spargers use perforated pipes arranged below impellers to distribute air. Nozzle spargers, the most common design, use a single open or partially closed pipe below the impeller to introduce an air stream with low pressure loss. Combined spargers integrate air introduction through holes in agitator discs to provide effective aeration with agitation in baffled vessels.

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493 views14 pages

Aeration in Fermentation

There are three main types of spargers used to introduce air into liquid in bioreactors: porous spargers, orifice spargers, and nozzle spargers. Porous spargers made of materials like glass or ceramic are primarily used on a small laboratory scale. Orifice spargers use perforated pipes arranged below impellers to distribute air. Nozzle spargers, the most common design, use a single open or partially closed pipe below the impeller to introduce an air stream with low pressure loss. Combined spargers integrate air introduction through holes in agitator discs to provide effective aeration with agitation in baffled vessels.

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Shelvy S
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Aeration: in a bioreactor

-MEERA MOHAN 2011-09-121

sparger
A sparger may be defined as a

device used for introducing air into liquid in a fermenter.

Types of sparger
There are 3 basic types of sparger: Porous sparger The orifice sparger ( perforated pipe)

The nozzle sparger (an open or partially closed pipe )

Porous sparger
The porous sparger of sintered glass ,

ceramic ,or metal has been used primarily used on a laboratory scale in non agitated vessel. The bubble size produced is always 10 to 1oo times larger than the pore size of the aerator block

The throughput of air is low because of

pressure drop across the sparger and there is also the problem of the fine holes becoming blocked by growth of microbial culture.

Orifice sparger
Various arrangements of perforated

pipes are used in fermenter with or without impellers In small stirred fermenters the perforated pipes were arranged below the impeller in the form of crosses or rings.

Nozzle sparger
Most modern mechanically stirred fermenter designs

from laboratory to industrial scale have a single open or partially closed pipe as a sparger to provide the stream of air bubbles. Ideally the pipe should be positioned centrally below the impeller as far away as possible to ensure that the impeller is flooded by the air stream The single nozzle sparger causes a lower pressure loss than any other sparger and donot get blocked.

advantages
Higher aeration could be obtained before flooding

occurs. Power is 75% than unaerated one. Higher kla value Orifice sparger without agitation have been used to an extend in yeast manufacture ,effluent treatment, & production of SCP These advantages are lost in viscosity above 100mpa

Combined sparger - agitator


Introducing the air via a hollow agitator shaft and

emitting it through the holes in the disc between the blades and connected to the base of the main shaft. The design gives a good aeration in a baffled vessel when the agitator is operated at a range of rpm.

THANKYOU ..

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