CasCading Style Sheets (CSS)
An introduction and overview
Mike Hamilton V.P. Product Management MadCap Software [email protected]
Presenter Information Mike Hamilton
MadCap V.P. of Product Management
Mike Hamilton is the Vice President of Product Management at MadCap Software where he is working on the next generation authoring tool, Flare. Before joining MadCap Software, he was the Product Manager for the RoboHelp product line since the days of Blue Sky Software, eHelp, and Macromedia. Mr. Hamilton joined the RoboHelp team in the mid 90s as a founding member of the Training Solutions Program team, where he co-authored the certified training materials supporting the RoboHelp family. Mike has over 20 years of experience in training, technical communication, multimedia development, and software development at several organizations including Macromedia, eHelp/Blue Sky Software, Cymer, a leading supplier of laser illumination sources in the semiconductor industry, National Steel and Shipbuilding, and the US Navy.
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MadCap Product manager
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Agenda What are Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)? What can CSS do? Types of CSS What is Cascading? CSS rules What is Inheritance? Creating a Cascading Style Sheet Creating a custom style Applying a style sheet to documents
What Are Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)?
What Are Cascading Style Sheets?
Cascading Style Sheets
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used to describe the presentation (that is, the look and formatting) of a document written in a markup language. Its most common application is to style web pages written in HTML and XHTML, but the language can be applied to any kind of XML document, including SVG and XUL. Created by: CSS was created by Hkon Wium Lie and Bert Bos and was adopted as a W3C Recommendation in late 1996.
CSS Status
Cascading Style Sheets
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Current: CSS 2.1, adopted by the W3C in 2007 is the current recommendation. Future: CSS 3 has been broken into new categories and is under development. http://www.w3.org/Style/CSS/current-work#table Support: Early browser support was problematic leading many to ignore the CSS technology. Modern browsers may still have the occasional quirk, but CSS rendering has become quite reliable.
http://www.webdevout.net/browser-support-summary
What Are Cascading Style Sheets?
A standards-based method for controlling the look and feel of XML content. Comprised of Rules to control elements in the document. Designed to separate formatting from the content while being flexible and scalable
What Can CSS Do?
What Can CSS Do?
Text formatting Element sizing Element positioning Change link attributes Cursor manipulation And more http://www.csszengarden.com/
What Can CSS Do?
Most importantly, CSS can support the control of hundreds or thousands of documents from a single control file This makes your life much easier when it is time to make updates
Types of CSS
Types of CSS
Three CSS implementations
Inline
Affects only the element applied to
Embedded
Affects only the elements in a single file
External
Linked to an unlimited number of files
HTML Page Structure
<HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>Title Text</TITLE> </HEAD>
Document (HTML) Head Title Text Body
<BODY> <H1>H1 Heading</H1> <P>Paragraph 1</P> <P>Paragraph 2</P> </BODY>
</HTML>
H1 Heading
Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2
HTML Page Structure
<HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>Title Text</TITLE> </HEAD>
Document (HTML) Head Title Text Body
<BODY> <H1>H1 Heading</H1> <P>Paragraph 1</P> <P>Paragraph 2</P> </BODY>
</HTML>
H1 Heading
Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2
Inline CSS Use the STYLE attribute
<p>This is normal text</p> <p><b>This is bold text</b></p>
<p style=font-weight: bold>This is bold text</p>
Embedded CSS
Added to the <HEAD> area of file Use <STYLE> element
<HEAD> <TITLE>New Topic1</TITLE> <STYLE>P{font-weight:bold}</STYLE> </HEAD>
External CSS The <LINK> element is used to attach a CSS document to an HTML document <HEAD> <TITLE>New Topic1</TITLE> </HEAD>
<LINK HREF="example.css" REL="StyleSheet" >
What is Cascading?
Cascading The three CSS types combine at run time to render the page. Order of precedence Inline styles Embedded style sheets
Linked (external) style sheets
CSS Rules
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) Style Rules Inline style=font-weight: bold
Property Value
Embedded/ External
H1 {font-weight: bold}
Selector Declaration
H1 {font-weight: bold; color:black; }
What is Inheritance?
CSS Inheritance
XHTML elements inherit style attributes <body> <h1>Sample heading</h1> <p>Sample text</p> </body> body { font-family: Arial; }
HTML Page Structure
Document (HTML) Head Title Body
H1 Heading
Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2
Creating a Cascading Style Sheet
Creating a Cascading Style Sheet
body {color: #000000; <html > background: #F1F2EC; <head> <link href="test.css" rel="stylesheet" /> font-size: 8pt; </head> font-family: Verdana, <body> Arial,Helvetica, Sans Serif;} <h1>Heading 1 Text</h1> <p>A normal paragraph</p> h1 {color: #0D10E5; <h2>Heading 2 Text</h2> font-size: 12pt;} <p>Another normal paragraph</p> <p>This paragraph will be a tip.</p> h2 {color: #040677; </body> font-size: 10pt;} </html> p {margin-bottom: 16px;}
Creating a Custom Style
CLASS attribute The CLASS attribute can be used to create custom styles for a set of items on a page
P { color:blue; margin-left:3px; } P.myclass { color:blue; marginleft:3px; }
CLASS attribute Class Syntax:
In a style sheet: P.myclass { color:blue;}
In a page: <P CLASS=myclass>Text</P>
Creating a Cascading Style Sheet
body {color: #000000; background: #F1F2EC; font-size: 8pt; <html > font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, Sans Serif;} <head> h1 h2 p {color: #002000; font-size: 12pt;} {color: #002b00; font-size: 10pt;} {margin-bottom: 16px;}
p.tip {color: #BEF5BF; font-weight: bold; background-color: #696969; padding-left: 0.8em; padding-right: 0.8em; padding-bottom: 0.3em; padding-top: 0.3em; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-bottom-style: Solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-top-color: #000000; border-top-style: Solid; border-top-width: 1px;}
<link href="test.css" rel="stylesheet" /> </head> <body> <h1>Heading 1 Text</h1> <p>A normal paragraph</p> <h2>Heading 2 Text</h2> <p>Another normal paragraph</p> <p class=tip>This paragraph will be a tip.</p> </body> </html>
Applying a Style Sheet to Documents
External CSS The <LINK> element is used to attach a CSS document to an HTML document <HEAD> <TITLE>New Topic1</TITLE> </HEAD>
<LINK HREF="example.css" REL="StyleSheet" >
Suggested Reading List
HTML, XHTML, and CSS, Sixth Edition (Visual Quickstart Guide) by Elizabeth Castro ISBN-13: 978-0-321-43084-7
CSS To The Point by Scott DeLoach ISBN-13: 978-0-615-21213-5
Cascading Style Sheets: Designing for the Web (3rd Edition) (Paperback) by Hakon Wium Lie and Bert Bos ISBN-13: 978-0321193124
CSS: The Definitive Guide, Third Edition by Eric Meyer ISBN-13: 978-0596527334
Questions?
Mike Hamilton V.P. Product Management MadCap Software [email protected]
Thank You!
Mike Hamilton V.P. Product Management MadCap Software [email protected]
