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Understanding API 4F Structures

This document provides an overview of well serving structures used in drilling and oil extraction. It describes key components like the derrick, mast, substructure, crown block, wire ropes, and travelling block. When an oil field is located, drilling equipment is brought to the site on mobile offshore drilling units and erected to drill down into the sea. Well serving structures support the drill pipes, equipment, and mechanisms used. The document then provides more detailed descriptions and specifications for various structural components like the crown block, derrick vs mast, bolted/welded connections, racking boards, and equipment on the substructure and drill floor.

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1K views16 pages

Understanding API 4F Structures

This document provides an overview of well serving structures used in drilling and oil extraction. It describes key components like the derrick, mast, substructure, crown block, wire ropes, and travelling block. When an oil field is located, drilling equipment is brought to the site on mobile offshore drilling units and erected to drill down into the sea. Well serving structures support the drill pipes, equipment, and mechanisms used. The document then provides more detailed descriptions and specifications for various structural components like the crown block, derrick vs mast, bolted/welded connections, racking boards, and equipment on the substructure and drill floor.

Uploaded by

Ye Wint Thu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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API SPEC 4F - Internal Training

FAMILIZARITION OF DRILLING &


WELL SERVING STRUCTURES

BY:

What are Well Serving Structures?

Derrick
(Upper Sec)

Derrick
(Lower Sec)

SubStructure

When oil field is found on land or under


the sea, drilling equipment (DEs) are
brought to the site on mobile offshore
drilling units (MODU)
When oil field is found on land or under
the sea, drilling equipment (DEs) are
brought to the site on mobile offshore
drilling units (MODU)
At the site, Drill pipes are erected, joined
and brought down into the sea.
These processes are done by travelling
blocks, rotary table, racking boards, dead W.L
lines anchors, drums, etc.
Well Serving Structures are structures
that support these pipes, equipment and
Seabed
mechanisms.

Rig
Drill Pipe

Crown Block

Oil

Crown Block
Design - AISC 335-89 (CH D, E, F, H, J)
Fabrication - AISC 335-89 (CH M)
Welding AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2010

First Line Sheaves

Shafts &
Shaft Houses

API SPEC 8C

Cluster Line
Sheaves

API SPEC 4F

API SPEC 8C

Handrail & Kick


Plate
(Prevention of
drop objects)
API SPEC 8C

First Line
(Wire Rope)
API RP 9B

Crown Block
Main members
API SPEC 4F/ AISC 335-89

Cluster Line
(Wire Rope)
API RP 9B

Crown Block (Cont.)


Gin-pole
A hosting arm mounted on main members
Used for lifting during maintenance of crown block equipment
Substitute in the place of frame structures of early kind of crown block

Frame Structures used for lifting of


crown block equipment

Padeye attached to Crown Block Structure

Padeye for Tugging

Padeye for Lifting of Crown Block Structure

Reeving Components

Wire Rope

Selection of wire rope, clips and thimble eyes are done in accordance with API RP 9B 4th Edition
Thimble Eye
Wire rope

Clip

Turn Back Length

Derrick vs Mast

Derrick

Mast

Bolts & Nut connected Structure


Disassemble member by member during
transportation when necessary

Welded Structure
Lay down during transportation when
necessary

Design - AISC 335-89 (CH D, E, F, H, J)


Fabrication - AISC 335-89 (CH M)
Welding AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2010

Travelling Block & Guide Track


Travelling Block runs up and down on guide
tracks to raise and lower drill pipes
Travelling Block

Racking Board (Finger Board)


In derrick, racking boards are inside the structural frame, but they are outside of the frame in mast
Racking boards are used as a support to rack drill pipes

Bolt & Nut Connections in Derrick


Derrick members are joined by bolts & nuts which are selected by using
Specification for Structural Joints using ASTM A325 or A490 Bolts
Main Vertical Members Connections

Anchor Bolt Connection

Diagonal Members Connections

Derrick Structure is fixed at four locations at sub-structure using


anchor bolts connection

Mast Support A Frame


Operating Condition

Lay Down Condition

Sub-Structure
Equipment and mechanism required for drilling are
mounted on drill floor.

Sub-Structure

Main Equipment on Drill Floor


Deadline Anchor and Spool
Chock & Kill Manifold

Driller Cabin
Draw Work Drum

Rotary Table

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