WIRELESS LAN
Presented by
SUBRATA CHAKRABORTY
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Dept- Information Technology
Roll No-IT-48/07
WHAT IS WIRELESS LAN
A wireless LAN or WLAN is the linking of more devices
without the use of wires.
WLAN utilizes the modulation technology based on radio
waves to communicate between devices in a limited network
area.
It gives users the mobility to move around within a broad
coverage area & still be connected to the network.
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WHY WIRELESS LAN
Previously Ethernet LANs was used,which was very
costly, messy & movement of those LANs was
difficult.To reduce this problems related to Wired LANs
the concept of Wireless LAN has evolved.
This is very much cost effective,less messy &
movement of this LANs are very easy because in this
type of LANs, problems related to wires are removed.
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TYPES OF WLAN
There are two types of WLAN:-
IEEE 802.11
- 802.11b
- 802.11a
- 802.11g
Bluetooth
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IEEE 802.11 WLAN(ARCHITECTURE)
The standard defines two kinds of services
i) Basic Service Set(BSS)
ii) Extended Service Set(ESS)
BSS:-
Set of all stations that can communicate with each other.
Access Point:-
Base stations for the wireless network.
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IEEE 802.11 WLAN(ARCHITECTURE)
ESS:-
Set of connected two or more BSS. It uses two types of stations:
mobile and stationary.
Distribution System:-
Wired LAN through which BSSs are connected.
Station:- All components that can connect into a wireless medium in a
network.
Three types of stations:
No-transition,
BSS-transition
ESS-transition
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802.11 WIRELESS LAN
Provides network connectivity over wireless media
An Access Point(AP) is installed to act as the Bridge
between Wireless and Wired network
An AP is connected to wired network and is equipped with
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antenna to provide wireless connectivity
802.11 WIRELESS LAN
Range depends on structural hindrances and RF gain of the
antenna at the Access Point.
To service larger areas, multiple APs may be installed with
20-30% overlap
A client is always associated with one AP and when the
client moves closer to another AP, it associates with the
new AP.
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MAC SUBLAYER
IEEE 802.11 defines two MAC sublayers:-
i) Distributed Coordination Function(DCF)
ii) Point Coordination Function(PCF)
DCF:- One of the two protocols defined by IEEE at the MAC sublayer is
called the distributed coordination function. Wireless LANs cannot
implement CSMA/CD for three reasons:-
1. For collision detection a station must be able to send data & receive
collision signals at the same time. This can mean costly stations &
increased bandwidth requirements.
2. Collision may not be detected because of the hidden station problem.
3. The distance between stations can be great. Signal fading could prevent a
station at one end from hearing a collision at the other end.
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MAC SUBLAYER
PCF:-
-The point coordination function is an optional access method
that can be implemented in an infrastructure network.
-PCF has a centralized,contention-free access method. The AP
performs polling for stations that are capable of being polled.
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WLAN : 802.11B
Supports 1, 2, 5.5 and 11 Mbps data rates in the 2.4-GHz
band.
802.11b systems will interoperate with 1 Mbps and 2
Mbps 802.11 DSSS system but not with FHSS systems.
Uses Complementary Code Keying(CCK)
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WLAN : 802.11A
Operates in 5-GHz band.
Incompatible with devices operating in 2.4-GHz.
Support data rates up to 54 Mbps.
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WLAN : 802.11G
IEEE 802.11g defines forward error correction using the
2.4-GHz band
The modulation technique achieves a 22 Mbps or 54
Mbps data rates on the 2.4-GHz band.
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SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
Two basic system architectures:-
a) Ad hoc
b) Infrastructure based
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AD HOC WIRELESS LANS
A BSS without an AP is
called as Ad hoc network.
A group of stations using
the same radio frequency.
.
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INFRASTRUCTURE BASED WIRELESS
LANS
A BSS with an Access
Point is called an
Infrastructure based
network.
Distribution system
connects cells via access
point to form a single
network..
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BLUETOOTH
Short-range wireless LAN technology.
It is an ad hoc network.
It connects the device of different functions.
A bluetooth device has the data rate of 1 Mbps with a
2.4-GHz bandwidth
It defines two types of networks:- Piconet & Scatternet.
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ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES OF
WLAN
Advantages:-
i) Convenience
ii) Productivity
iii) Deployment
iv) Expandability
v) Cost
Disadvantages:-
i) Security
ii) Range
iii) Reliability
iv) Speed
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REFERENCES
Data communications & Networking(Forouzan)
WWW.Google.Com
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THANK YOU
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