Using Regular Expressions in Borland Delphi
Renato Mancuso - BUG UK Meeting
What Regular Expressions are
A Regular Expression is a string that describes a target text by defining the features that the target text must posses ex: the target text must start with a lower case letter, followed by 1 to 3 digits, and it must be terminated by a dot: ^[a- z]\d{1,3}.*\.$
Common Uses for Regular Expressions
P Validate data P Pull pieces of text out of larger blocks P Substitute new text for old text
Syntax
Characters and Metacharacters
P character shorthands: \a \n \r \t P octal escapes: \012 P hex and Unicode escapes: \x0A P control characters: \cH (backspace)
Character Classes and Class-like Construct
P normal classes: [...], [^...] P almost any character (dot): . P class shorthands: \d, \s, \w, \S, \D, \W P POSIX character classes: [[:alpha:]], [[:upper:]]
Anchors and Zerowidth Assertions
P start of line/string: ^, \A P end of line/string: $, \Z P start of match: \G P word boundary: \b, \B, \<, \> P lookahead: (?=...), (?!...) P lookbehind: (?<=...), (?<!...)
Comments and Mode Modifiers
P multi-line mode: m P single-line mode: s (DOTALL) P case insensitive mode: i P free spacing mode: x P inline mode modifiers: (?x), (?-x) P comments: (?#...), # (free spacing mode) P literal text spans: \Q...\E
Grouping, Capturing, Conditionals e Control
P capturing and grouping parentheses: (...) P back references: \1 \2 P grouping only parentheses: (?:...) P named captures: (?<name>...) [.NET], (?P<name>...) [PCRE] P atomic grouping: (?>...) P alternation: ...|... P conditional: (?if then|else) P greedy quantifiers: *, +, ?, {n,m} P lazy quantifiers: *?, +?, ??, {n,m}? P possessive quantifiers: *+, ++, ?+, {n,m}+
Using the VBScript 5.5 RegExp in Delphi
Microsoft VBScript 5.5 RegExp Interfaces
VBScript 1.0 interfaces interface IRegExp + + + + + + Pattern: WideString IgnoreCase: WordBool Global: WordBool Execute(WideString) : IDispatch Test(WideString) : WordBool Replace(WideString, WideString) : WideString interface IMatchCollection + + + Item[]: IDispatch Count: Integer _NewEnum: IUnknown + + + interface IMatch Value: WideString FirstIndex: Integer Length: Integer
interface IRegExp2 + + + + + + + Pattern: WideString IgnoreCase: WordBool Global: WordBool Multiline: WordBool Execute(WideString) : IDispatch Test(WideString) : WordBool Replace(WideString, WideString) : WideString interface IMatchCollection2 + + + Item[]: IDispatch Count: Integer _NewEnum: IUnknown + + + + interface IMatch2 Value: WideString FirstIndex: Integer Length: Integer SubMatches: IDispatch
interface ISubMatches realize + + + Item[]: OleVariant Count: Integer _NewEnum: IUnknown
coclass CoRegExp
+ + +
Execute(WideString) : IDispatch Test(WideString) : WordBool Replace(WideString, WideString) : WideString
Wrapping the VBScript 5.5 RegExp Interfaces
interface IRegex + + + + + + + + Pattern: W ideString IgnoreCase: Boolean MultiLine: Boolean Match(WideString) : Boolean Find(WideString) : IMatchCollection FindAll(WideString) : IMatchCollection Replace(WideString, WideString) : WideString ReplaceAll(WideString, WideString) : WideString interface IMatchCollection + + Count: Integer Item[]: IMatch + + + + interface IMatch Value: W ideString FirstIndex: Integer Length: Integer SubMatches: ISubMatches
interface ISubMatches + + Regex Count: Integer default Item[]: OleVariant
+ + + + + +
Create(W ideString, TRegexOptions) : IRegex Match(W ideString, W ideString) : Boolean Find(W ideString, W ideString) : IMatchCollection FindAll(W ideString, W ideString) : IMatchCollection Replace(W ideString, W ideString) : W ideString ReplaceAll(W ideString, W ideString) : W ideString
Using Pcre in Delphi
PCRE 4.4 Delphi wrapper
delphi interface IRegex + + + + + Match() : Boolean Matches() : IMatchCollection Grep() Split() : IStringCollection Replace() : string
delphi interface ICaptureGroupCollection + Count: Integer + default 0..* + + + 1..* +CaptureGroups[] Items[]
delphi interface ICaptureGroup Success: Boolean Value: string Index: Integer Length: Integer
delphi interface IRegexInfo + + CompiledSize: Integer CaptureCount: Integer + delphi interface IMatchCollection Count: Integer + default 0..* + + + Items[] delphi interface IMatch Success: Boolean Value: string Index: Integer Length: Integer
delphi interface IStringCollection + Count: Integer Strings[] default 0..*
string
References
Books
P Jeffrey E. F. Friedl - Mastering Regular Expressions (2nd edition) - OReilly P Tony Stubblebine - Regular Expression Pocket Reference - OReilly
Web
P http://www.pcre.org - PCRE P http://msdn.microsoft.com/library - VBScript RegExp docs & .NET Regex docs P http://www.boost.org/libs/regex/doc/index.html boost.regex documentation [C++](John Maddock) P http://www.renatomancuso.com - Delphi wrappers for PCRE and VBScript RegExp
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