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Ionic vs. Covalent Bonding Lab Investigation

The student conducted an experiment to determine if compounds formed ionic or covalent bonds based on their melting points and ability to conduct electricity when dissolved in water. Sodium chloride and sodium sulfate had high melting points and their dissolved solutions conducted electricity, indicating they formed ionic bonds. Distilled water, sucrose, and dextrose had low melting points and their dissolved solutions did not conduct electricity, showing they formed covalent bonds. The hypotheses that the ionic compounds would have higher melting points and allow conductivity in solution, while the covalent compounds would have lower melting points and not conduct in solution, were all confirmed by the results of the experiment.

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67 views4 pages

Ionic vs. Covalent Bonding Lab Investigation

The student conducted an experiment to determine if compounds formed ionic or covalent bonds based on their melting points and ability to conduct electricity when dissolved in water. Sodium chloride and sodium sulfate had high melting points and their dissolved solutions conducted electricity, indicating they formed ionic bonds. Distilled water, sucrose, and dextrose had low melting points and their dissolved solutions did not conduct electricity, showing they formed covalent bonds. The hypotheses that the ionic compounds would have higher melting points and allow conductivity in solution, while the covalent compounds would have lower melting points and not conduct in solution, were all confirmed by the results of the experiment.

Uploaded by

Leslie
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Susana Muoz Period 6. Chemistry November 09,2012 Mr. Larkin Ionic vs.

Covalent Bonding Lab Investigation Introduction There are three types of bonds. There are metallic bonds in which a metal bonds with a metal. Ionic bond which non-metals and metals bond, and covalent in which a non mental and a nonmetal bond. The majority of atoms need to form chemical bonds so it can have a full octet so the atom can be stable. Covalent bonds share electrons while ionic bonds transfer. Ionic bonds conduct electricity because of the metal they have in them.

Hypothesis Co mp oun ds to be test ed


Che mica l For mul a Hyp othe sis 1: Ioni c or Cova lent Hyp othe sis 2: Hig h or Low Melt ing Poin t? Hyp othe sis 3: Will it con duct elec trici ty?

Dist illed HO (pur e) Wat er Sodi um NaC Chlo l ride Sucr ose( C

Cov alen t

Low No

Ioni c

Hig h

Yes

Cov alen

Low No

Susana Muoz Period 6. Chemistry November 09,2012 Mr. Larkin Sug ar) Dex tros e H O t

Cov CH alen O t Ioni c

Low No

Sodi um NaS Sulf O ate Procedure:

Hig h

Yes

PART I. Melting Point and Strength of Bonds 1. Fold the aluminum to a size that will fit neatly on the ring stand place. Place one of each 4 different compounds on the aluminum foil. Do not mix them up and keep track! 2. Place tray or ring stand and heat with Bunsen burner no more than 1-2 minutes. 3. Immediately begin recording the detailed observations. Keep track of the order the compounds melt. Observe which have strong bonds and which have weak. 4. Allow the square of aluminum to cool down and then wash it off in the sink. Throw the aluminum away. PART II. Electrical Conductivity 1. Get a small sample of each compound in different wells of the well plate. 2. Test dry compounds for conductivity with tester. Record observations (Yes or No) 3. Add enough drops of the distilled water to the well to dissolve the compound as much as possible. 4. Test the solution with the conductivity tester. Record the observations. Wash the conductivity tester with distilled water after every use!

Susana Muoz Period 6. Chemistry November 09,2012 Mr. Larkin 5. Repeat for all samples. Results:
Nam e/C hem ical

For mul a

PAR T I: Mel ting Poi nt (15;Hi gh)

Par t II: Con duc ted Elec trici ty?( Yes /No )

FIN AL CO NCL USI ON Ioni c or Cov alen t Bon ds?

Dry

Dis solv ed
NO Cova lent

1.Di stille d(pu re) Wat er/ HO 2.So diu m Chlo ride /Na 3.Su cros e/
CH O

1=L owe st: (Alr eady Melt ed)

N/A

Yes 5 NO Ioni c

NO 2 NO Cova lent

Susana Muoz Period 6. Chemistry November 09,2012 Mr. Larkin

4.De xtro se/ CH O 5.So diu m Sulfa te/ NaS O

NO 3 NO Cova lent

Yes 4 NO Ioni c

Conclusion: After this laboratory, it was concluded that sodium chloride and sodium sulfate were ionic compound, which distilled water, sucrose, and dextrose were covalent compounds. All of the initial hypotheses were correct. From the results, the ionic compounds were those that conducted electricity in water and had high melting points (strong bonds). However the covalent compounds were the ones that did not conduct electricity in water and had low melting points (weak bonds). Ionic bonds are formed from non-metal cations(+) and non-metal anions(-) so when they dissolve in water, electricity(moving charge) can flow through the solution. Additionally, ionic bonds are very strong since they attract that cations and ions and have a high melting point. Covalent bonds are formed from two non-metal _________________? When the covalent bonds dissolve in water, it flows through the solution. Covalent bonds are also very weak because of their melting points.

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