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Overview of Sensor: Change in The External Environment Detect/convert Output Signal/data

This document provides an overview of sensors. It defines a sensor as a device that detects changes in the environment such as energy, heat, light, or magnetism, and converts these changes into electrical signals. Sensors are used in various applications including disaster monitoring, pollution monitoring, traffic control, security, medical devices, industrial automation, homes, and agriculture. Sensors can detect changes analogous to the five human senses: sight, smell, taste, touch, and hearing. The document discusses how sensors function as control components in automation by detecting and converting data to electrical signals. It provides an example of how different sensors monitor a pudding production process. Finally, it categorizes sensor types and output, and notes best practices for selecting,

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Tamer Ahmed Salem
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90 views7 pages

Overview of Sensor: Change in The External Environment Detect/convert Output Signal/data

This document provides an overview of sensors. It defines a sensor as a device that detects changes in the environment such as energy, heat, light, or magnetism, and converts these changes into electrical signals. Sensors are used in various applications including disaster monitoring, pollution monitoring, traffic control, security, medical devices, industrial automation, homes, and agriculture. Sensors can detect changes analogous to the five human senses: sight, smell, taste, touch, and hearing. The document discusses how sensors function as control components in automation by detecting and converting data to electrical signals. It provides an example of how different sensors monitor a pudding production process. Finally, it categorizes sensor types and output, and notes best practices for selecting,

Uploaded by

Tamer Ahmed Salem
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sensor

Chapter

Overview of Sensor
1. What is a sensor?
A sensor is a device to detect changes in the environment such as energy, heat, light, magnet, supersonic, etc. and convert them to electric signals.

Change in the external environment

Detect/convert

Output signal/data

SENSOR
Heat Temperature Changed

Light

Light volume changed

Instruct machine to do fixed operation by signal Electro Magnetism Magnetic field changed Display data in the indicator

Alcohol

Alcohol is included

Drainag e

Heavy oil included

Sensor (1) Applications


Disaster Environment
Pollution Air monitor Water quality Telemeter

Chapter

Traffic

Security Alarm for invader/ destruction

Disaster measures vibration sensor Gas/Smoke detector

Weather robot/ satellite/buoy

Traffic Traffic control system New traffic system Auto train control device

Automobile Electronic fuel jet Exhaustion control Anti-collision

Medical

Bio measurement Supersonic diagnosis device Patient monitor device

Industry

Housing/home

Agriculture/Fishery

Production automation Automation Chemical plant

Electric home appliances Microwave oven Auto washing machine Electric blanket

Life Air-conditioner Color TV VCR

Food Refrigerated food transparent Hydroponics Fish Farming

SENSOR
Visual (Eye) Smell (Nose) Taste (Mouth) Touch (Skin) Auditory (Ear)

(2)

Sensor and human 5 senses


5 Senses Environment changes Light/ shade/ size/ shape/ change/ far/ near/ color Pressure/ temperature/ pain/ itch/ contact Sensor TV Camera Photo-electric sensor Thermometer Proximity sensor SW, Vibration sensor Sugar measurer Others Ultraviolet rays Infrared rays Electro magnetic waves Static

Visual

Touch

Taste

Sweet/ hot/ sour/ bitter/salty Air vibration/ loudness of sound/ high/ low/tone Chemical composition of gas

Auditory

Microphone Supersonic sensor Alcohol/ gas detector

Supersonic waves

Smell

Sensor

Chapter

-Memo-

Sensor 2. Control Sensor?

Chapter

A sensor as a control component is to capture correctly and speedy data of an environment where a machine is installed and data of products that are being processed, and then convert those data to controllable electric signals or information that human can easily confirm.

(1)

Role of sensor in automation

Flow of control
PC

Signal transmission line


Product

Input

Sensor

Sensor detects product

Signal transmission line

Control

PC

Signal transmission line

PC receives the signal that product is coming and judges that conveyor has to be stopped

Output

Conveyor

Conveyor stops

Sensor Application in Factory <Pudding Production Process>

Chapter

Limit switch (upper & lower limit) Mold goes up & down and stops when it touches Limit switch

Level switch (surface level of liquid) It detects the amount of hopper, and add the necessary amount when lower than required

Photo-electric sensor (marking detection) It detects registered marking and adjusts positions of cup and printing.

Date Stamper Filter No.1 Heater Filter No.2 Marking Adjuster Sealing
Separator

Scrap Cutter

Mold

Photo-electric sensor (Existence of film) It detects the amount of film left

Pudding

Photo-electric sensor (Position Cup) It detects the edge of a cup and send a signal of Go Filling.

Proximity Switch (Existence of contents) It detects the contents thru a cup.

Sensor (2) Type of sensor


Intermediary Power Machine Fluid Visible Light Infrared Rays Magnetic Field Electro Field Electric current Heat Sound Micro Switch (M/S) Pressure Sensor Photo Electric Light Rotary Encoder Displacement Electro Magnetism Electric Heat Supersonic Proximity Switch Capacitance Electric conductor level switch Thermometer Supersonic (proximity) switch Type of Sensor

Chapter

Energy used

Limit Switch (L/S)

Photo Micro Sensor Visual recognition device Measurement Sensor Linear Proximity Switch Touch Sensor

(3)

Use of sensor <basic function>


Used Function Detect existence of certain object in a specific area Detect position in a specific point Differentiate length/size/shape/color by several criteria Judge dimension/size/shape/color/shade etc/ according to inspection standard

Existence Positioning Classification Inspection

(4)

Sensor Output ON/OFF Output is ON or OFF when input value exceeds the value set (it may be Called High/Low, 1/0) Sensor input which changes itself continuously is output as digital value such as BCD/BIN. Sensor input which changes itself continuously is output as consecutive value of voltage/electric current.

Digital

Analog

Select suitable sensor for your needs Clarify Install the sensor properly Object Real signal Correctly Place Establish inspection logic Purpose Implement in a good condition

Sensor

Chapter

-Memo-

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