RENEWABLE ENERGIES
2023284 Period:2013-1 Introduction to Renewable Energy
Lecture Schedule
Energy worldwide
Environmental and Global problems related with energy Overview of traditional Energy sources Review of renewable Energy sources Advantages and Limitations of alternative energy systems
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
Could you live without energy?
When do you need to use energy?
Which types of energy do you know?
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE CarlosAndrs Forero. Feb. 2013
3
Fossil Fuel Overview
Evolution from 1971 to 2008 of world total primary energy supply by fuel (Mtoe)
Source:Key stats 2010 Mtoe:Million tonnes of oil equivalent (1 Mtoe = 41,9 PJ)
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
Electricity Generation by source
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
What is happening with the price..
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to REn
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
Human effects on the environment
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
GlobalWarming Acid Rain Unsafe drinking water Hazardous/ solid waste disposal Loss of plants and animal species,and human health and well-being OceanAcidification
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE CarlosAndrs Forero. Feb 2013
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GlobalWarming
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to Ren
Carlos Andrs Forero.
Feb 2013
Green House Gases (GHG)
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb 2013
OceanAcidification
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to REn
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
10
CO2 emission by fossil fuels
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
11
CO2 concentration in the atmosphere
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
12
Energy consumption & CO2 production
Check these links. International Energy Agency Video
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
February 2013
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Based on that, the humankind must develop technologies which harness cleaner resources for energy production.
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
February 2013
14
Energy
Renewable:
Consumption rate is lower than production rate and wont decrease with time Clean: The process has not any environmental assessment related with wastes produced Uncommon or alternative: This resource is not known nor used at an specific area
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE CarlosAndrs Forero. February 2013
15
Sustainable Development
Meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needsBrundtland
1987
Process of change in which the exploitation of resources,the direction of investments,the orientation of technical development,and institutional change are all in harmony and enhance both current and future potential to meet human needs and aspirations
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE CarlosAndrs Forero. February 2013
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Sustainable Development
How could we organize the renewable energy resources?? Solar power
Wind power Biomass Solar radiation Hydropower Wave energy Renewable sources Gravitational effect Ocean Thermal gradient Tidal energy
Thermal gradient
Geothermal
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
February 2013
17
Energy resources
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
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Renewable energy worldwide
Renewable energy share of global final energy consumption, 2010
Source: REN21
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
February 2013
19
Renewable energy worldwide
Renewable energy share of global electricity production, 2011
Source: REN21
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
February 2013
20
Renewable energy worldwide
Added during 2011 Power Generation (GW) Hydropower 25 970 Existing at end of 2011
Wind power
Biomass power Solar PV Geothermal Power Concentrating Solar Power
40
5,9 30 0,1 0,5
238
72 70 11,2 1,8
Ocean Power
Modern Biomass Heating Solar collectors for heating Geothermal heating Biodiesel production Ethanol production
0,3
Hot water/Heating (GWth) 10 >49 7 Transport fuels (Billion liters/year) 2,9 -0,4
0,5
290 232 58 21,4 86,1
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Source: REN21
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
February 2013
21
Renewable energy worldwide
Global new investments in Renewable energy
Source: REN21
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
February 2013
22
Renewable energy worldwide
EU policies
Energy share
Source: REN21
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
February 2013
23
Hydropower
It provides about 20% of the worlds electricity.In the developing countries the proportion rises up to 40%
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
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Electricity Production from Hydropower
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
25
Solar Energy
The amount of Solar Energy incident on the Earth is equivalent to 160 times the energy stored in the worlds proven reserves of fossil fuels From Solar Energy either heat or electricity could be produced.
SolarThermal Collectors Photovoltaic panels
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE CarlosAndrs Forero. Feb. 2013
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SolarThermal Collector
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
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SolarThermal Production potential
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
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Electricity generation by PVs
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
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Wind Energy
Wind energy offers potential to generate substantial amounts of electricity without the pollution problems of most conventional forms of energy
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
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Wind Energy Increase
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
31
Wind Energy Power Production
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to REn
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
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OffshoreWind Energy Potential
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
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Biomass
Biomass is considered neutral
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to REn
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
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Biomass multiple processes
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
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Biomass Potential
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
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Geothermal Energy
Geothermal results from heat stored in rocks by Earths natural heat flow
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
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Geothermal Potential
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
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Tidal Energy
Tidal is the result of the interaction of the gravitational pull of the moon on the seas Tidal Energy involves the construction of a dam with a floodgate that opens when sea level increases and its closed after dam is full,then it opens when sea level decrease releasing water stored
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to REn
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
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Wave Energy
Ocean waves are generated by wind passing over stretches of water The total power of waves breaking on the worlds coastlines is estimated at 2 to 3 million megawatts.In favorable locations wave energy density can average 65 megawatts per mile coastline.
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to REn
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
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OceanThermal Energy Conversion (OTEC)
This technology converts solar radiation to electric power.They use the oceans natural thermal gradient to drive a power producing cycle.
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to REn
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
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Advantages / Disadvantages
Advantages Low Emissions
Sustainable Huge Potential
Disadvantages Cost (time dependent)
Intermittent Noise
Free Fuel
Decentralized Generation Employment
Geographically dependent
Low Energy Density New Infrastructure required Social Impacts
Low conversion efficiency
Research needed
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
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Disadvantages
Costs of Renewable Energy systems
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
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Advantages of RE
Decentralized energy production increase regional development. The modular character of the technologies allows gradual implementation,which is easier to finance;it offers the chance of rapid scale-up when required,and it gives shorter lead times between investment and return Energy/ political/ economic independence for nations and regions Lower overall environmental impact as compared with conventional systems
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE CarlosAndrs Forero. Feb. 2013
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Advantages of RE
The use of broader range of sources implies a greater security of energy supply Increased employment,mainly in small and medium-sized enterprises,and stimulation of agriculture and rural employment in case of biomass The cost of energy is mainly determined by the investment implying higher cost stability and thus lower financial risk Short time between decision and implementation Reliability of electricity supply in decentralized applications
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE CarlosAndrs Forero. Feb. 2013
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Advantages
Low GHG emissions
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to REn
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
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Advantages
Huge Potential
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
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What we have and what we need..
Supply side CCS Fossil fuel power generation Nuclear power plants Onshore and offshore wind Biomass IGCCS and co-firing PVs systems Demand side Energy efficiency in buildings and appliances Heat pumps Water heating Energy efficiency in transport H2 fuel cell vehicles
Concentrating Solar Power Coal: IGCC
Coal: supercritical Second generation biofuels
Renewable Energy .- Lecture 1.Introduction to RE
CCS in industry and H2 fuel transformation Industrial motor system
Rural energy
CarlosAndrs Forero.
Feb. 2013
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