1.
0 Introduction
Open-source software (OSS) is computer software with its source code made available and licensed with an open-source license in which the copyright holder provides the rights to study, change and distribute the software for free to anyone and for any purpose. Open-source software is very often developed in a public, collaborative manner. Open-source software is the most prominent example of open-source development and often compared to (technically defined) user-generated content or (legally defined) open-content movements.[1] A report by the Standish Group (from 2008) states that adoption of open-source software models has resulted in savings of about $60 billion per year to consumers.[
Open-source hardware consists of physical artifacts of technology designed and offered by the open design movement. Both free and open-source software (FOSS) as well as open-source hardware is created by this open-source culture movement and applies a like concept to a variety of components. The term usually means that information about the hardware is easily discerned. Hardware design (i.e. mechanical drawings, schematics, bills of material, PCB layout data, HDL source code and integrated circuit layout data), in addition to the software that drives the hardware, are all released with the FOSS approach. Since the rise of reconfigurable programmable logic devices, sharing of logic designs has been a form of open-source hardware. Instead of the schematics, hardware description language (HDL) code is shared. HDL descriptions are commonly used to set up system-on-a-chip systems either in field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or directly in application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) designs. HDL modules, when distributed, are called semiconductor intellectual property cores, or IP cores.
2.0 The latest open source operating system(os)
2.1
Meaning of open source OS"The Open Source Definition" is a document
published by the Open Source Initiative, to determine whether a software license can be labeled with the open-source certification mark.[1] The definition was based on the Debian Free Software Guidelines, written and adapted primarily by Bruce Perens.
2.2 Examples of open source
OpenDarwin A free software multi-platform Unix-like operating system based on Apple Computer's Darwin operating system. Founded in April 2002 by Apple Computer and Internet Systems Consortium, the goal of the OpenDarwin.org project was to create an independent branch of the Darwin operating system that increases collaboration between Apple developers and the free software/open source community. Apple theoretically benefited from the project because improvements to OpenDarwin would be incorporated into Darwin releases; and the free/open source community benefits since it was given complete control over its own operating system, which could then be used in free software distributions such as GNU-Darwin. On July 25, 2006, the OpenDarwin team announced that the project was shutting down, as they felt OpenDarwin had "become a mere hosting facility for Mac OS X related projects," and that the efforts to create a stand-alone Darwin OS had failed. They also state: "Availability of sources, interaction with Apple representatives, difficulty building and tracking sources, and a lack of interest from the community have all contributed to this." (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDarwin)
OpenSolaris An open source project created by Sun Microsystems to build a developer community around Solaris Operating System technology. The project is aimed at developers, system administrators, and users who want to develop and improve operating systems. As of April 2007, over 40,000 community members are registered on OpenSolaris.org, of whom over 11,000 are not Sun employees. An active OpenSolaris User Group community is now growing worldwide, and dozens of OpenSolaris technology communities and projects are being formed on opensolaris.org. OpenSolaris is derived from the Unix System V Release 4 codebase, although with significant modifications made by Sun since it bought out the rights to the codebase in 1994. It is the only open source System V derivative available. Open sourced components are snapshots of the latest Solaris release under development.[1] Future versions of Solaris will be based on technology from the OpenSolaris project.[2]
3.0
The latest open source application software
3.1
Meaning of open source application software
Open source application software is computer software that is available in source code form for which the source code and certain other rights normally reserved for copyright holders are provided under a software license that permits users to study, change, and improve the software. Open source licenses often meet the requirements of the Open Source Definition. Some open source application software is available within the public domain. Open source application software is very often developed in a public, collaborative manner. Open source application software is the most prominent example of open source development and often compared to user-generated content or open content movements. The term open source application software originated as part of a marketing campaign for free application software.
3.2
Examples of open source application software
OpenOffice.org A free office suite of applications available for many different operating systems including Linux, Microsoft Windows, Solaris, OpenVMS, IRIX and Mac OS X. It supports the OpenDocument standard for data interchange. OpenOffice.org is based on StarOffice, an office suite developed by StarDivision and acquired by Sun Microsystems in August 1999. The source code of the suite was released in July 2000 with the aim of reducing the dominant market share of Microsoft Office by providing a free, open and high-quality alternative. OpenOffice.org is free software, available under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL). The project and software are informally referred to as "Open Office", but project organizers report that this term is a trademark held by another party, requiring them to adopt "OpenOffice.org" as its formal name, and abbreviated as OOo or OO.o (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenOffice.org)
KOffice A free, integrated office suite for KDE, the K Desktop Environment. KOffice is an integrated office suite for the KDE (K Desktop Environment) consisting of several applications like for examples a word processor (KWord) and a spread sheet (KSpread). Based on the KParts component model, KOffice offers a lot of interoperability between all its components. For example, you can embed every KOffice component into another component (for example a KSpread table into your KWord document.) KOffice is an open-source project and completely free. All licences are GPL-compatible, mostly GPL or LGPL version 2. Apart exceptions, libraries and filters are mostly LGPL, while applications are LGPL or GPL. (http://www.koffice.org/)
4.0 The latest development in ICT 4.1 Hardware Hardware specification
A server is required to run the PRIMO system. The specification below is for a server running Windows Server, IIS, file sharing, backup, and antivirus, Microsoft SQL Server and the Tharstern MIS. It is recommended that the server is joined to a domain as a member server. The disk space is based upon our experience and allows for the applications in this proposal only. Additional software and services such as other SQL based applications, Active Directory and Exchange Server will increase server utilization and may require additional hardware, storage or a higher specification than that below. Required server software and services are as follows: Microsoft Windows 2003 or 2008 Server (Standard or Enterprise Editions) Microsoft SQL Server 2005, 2008 or 2012 (Express or Standard Edition) Microsoft Internet Information Server Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0 SP1 and 4.0 Remote Desktop Connection or suitable remote access for Tharstern Technical Support Suitable back-up and antivirus facilities
Software specification
A Software requirements specification (SRS), a requirements specification for a software system, is a complete description of the behavior of a system to be developed and may include a set of use cases that describe interactions the users will have with the software. In addition it also contains non-functional requirements. Non-functional requirements impose constraints on the design or implementation (such as performance engineering requirements, quality standards, or design constraints) . The software requirements specification document enlists all necessary requirements that are required for the project development.[1] To derive the requirements we need to have clear and thorough understanding of the products to be developed. This is prepared after detailed communications with the project team and customer.
4.2 Software
Comparison chart
Hardware Software Collection of instructions that enables a user to interact with the computer. Software is a program that enables a computer to perform a specific task, as opposed to the physical components of the system (hardware). System software, Programming software, and Application software. Quickbooks, Adobe Acrobat, Winoms-Cs, Internet Explorer , Microsoft Word , Microsoft Excel To perform the specific task you need to complete. Software is generally not needed to for the hardware to perform its basic level tasks such as turning on and reponding to input. To deliver its set of instructions, Software is installed on hardware. Software failure is systematic. Software does not have an increasing failure rate. Software does not wear out over time. However, bugs are discovered in software as time passes. Software is logical in nature.
Definition:
Devices that are required to store and execute (or run) the software.
Types:
Input,storage,processing,control, and output devices. CD-ROM, monitor, printer, video card, scanners , label makers, routers , and modems.
Examples:
Function:
Hardware serve as the delivery system for software solutions. The hardware of a computer is infrequently changed, in comparison with software and data, which are soft in the sense that they are readily created, modified, or erased on the comput
Inter Hardware starts functioning once software is dependency: loaded. Failure: Hardware failure is random. Hardware does have increasing failure at the last stage.
Durability: Nature:
Hardware wears out over time. Hardware is physical in nature.
5.0 Pervasive Computing
5.1 Meaning of pervasive computing
Pervasive computing means that the technology is gracefully integrated in our everyday life. The user is no longer aware of this embedded technology. It also refers to computers contained in common place objects such as cars and etc. It appliances and implies that people are unaware of their presence. Pervasive computing uses web technology, portable devices, mobile devices, wireless communications and nomadic or ubiquitos computing system. Other terms for pervasive computing are Ubiquitous Computing, Calm Technology and Thing That Think. It is about the ability to deliver any information to any device over any network. In short, it is about computers everywhere, where computers are embedded into equipment, machines, furniture or people. The current technology has evolved into embedded network and wireless.
5.2 Examples of pervasive
ASUS Eee Pad 101TC
The Eee Pad 101TC is in some respects a whole different kettle of fish to its bigger brother. It's not just the 10 inches of glass that follows in the iPad's footsteps, but also the metal sleeve around the edge now. Either way, this has become an aesthetically acceptable style and the textured backside also looks good and adds grip, however in the early sample on show the quality of manufacture still needs some tweaking around the edges.
iGo new green technology products
You may not be familiar with iGo products, but the company comes up with products that utilize the companys proprietary and patent-pending iGo Green Technology. Products with said technology integrated are smart enough to detect when a device isnt being used and will shut off the power being drawn from the wall, eliminating up to 85% of the standby power used over standard power management products. The newly announced products are the Power Smart Tower, Power Smart Wall and the Laptop Charger.
6.0 Conclusion
Reference
1. http://www.ubergizmo.com 2. http://smksgruan.wordpress.com
