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Chapter 1: Invitation To Biology

The document provides an overview of biology from the level of atoms to entire ecosystems. It introduces key terms like emergent property, molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, populations, communities, and ecosystems. It describes the basic characteristics of life as requiring energy and nutrients, sensing and responding to change, and using DNA. It also differentiates the domains and kingdoms of living things, and outlines the scientific method of formulating hypotheses and using experiments and conclusions to support or nullify hypotheses.

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82 views1 page

Chapter 1: Invitation To Biology

The document provides an overview of biology from the level of atoms to entire ecosystems. It introduces key terms like emergent property, molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, populations, communities, and ecosystems. It describes the basic characteristics of life as requiring energy and nutrients, sensing and responding to change, and using DNA. It also differentiates the domains and kingdoms of living things, and outlines the scientific method of formulating hypotheses and using experiments and conclusions to support or nullify hypotheses.

Uploaded by

Sper Bacena
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CHAPTER 1: INVITATION TO BIOLOGY Emergent property - A characteristic of a system that does not appear in any of the system's component

parts. LIFE ORGANIZATION Atom- fundamental unit of all substances Molecule - atoms joined in chemical bonds. Cell - smallest unit of life. Tissue - Organized array of cells and substances that interact in a collective task. Organ - structural unit of interacting tissues. Organ system - a set of interacting organs. Multicelled organism - individual that consists of different types of cells Population - group of the same species in a given area. Community - all population of all species in a specified area. Ecosystem - A community interacting with its environment through transfer of energy and materials. Biosphere - the sum of all ecosystems. Characteristics of Life 1. Organisms require energy and nutrients. energy - the capacity to do work. nutrient - substance needed for survival but cannot be produced by organism itself. producer - organism that makes its own food using energy and raw materials from environment. photosynthesis - process by which producers use light energy to make sugars from carbon dioxide and water. consumer - organism that gets energy and nutrients by feeding on tissues, wastes, or remains of other organisms 2. Organisms sense and respond to change homeostasis -set of processes by which an organism keeps internal conditions within tolerable ranges. 3. Organisms use DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid - carries hereditary information that guides growth and development.

HOW LIVING THINGS DIFFER biodiversity - variation among living organisms. nucleus - double membraned sac that encloses the DNA. DOMAIN a) Bacteria - single cell, no nucleus, ancient lineage. b) Archaea - single cell, no nucleus, evolutionarily closer to eukaryotes than bacteria. c) Eukarya - eukaryotic (has true nucleus) -can be single celled or multicellular. - protists, plants, animals K (ing) KINGDOM P (hillip)PHYLUM C (ame)CLASS O (ver) ORDER F (or)FAMILY G (ood)GENUS S (teak)SPECIES SCIENTIFIC METHOD Hypothesis - testable explanation of a natural phenomenon. Prediction - statement based on the hypothesis, about a condition that should exist if hypothesis is correct. Experiment - a test designed to support or falsify the prediction. Conclusion - derived from data gathered. -nullify or support hypothesis. ---------------------------------------------------------------Science - systematic study of the observable world. Inductive reasoning - drawing a conclusion based on observation. Deductive reasoning - using a general idea to make a conclusion about a specific idea. Model - analogous system used for testing hypotheses.

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