MODERN PHYSICS

Problem
31
e
Calculate the velocity with which electrons in a cathode ray tube strike the anode when 30000 V is
operating between the cathode and anode of the tube. mass of electron, = 9.11 10 kg; c ( harg m

=

= = = = = =

Solution
19
19
2 8 8
31
e
e
of electron, 1.60 10 C)
1 2 2 2 30000 1.60 10 2 3 1.60
m/s 10 m/s 1.03 10 m/s
2 9.11 9.11 10
e
qV eV
qV mv v
m m


2
16
16
An electron falls through a potential difference of 1000 V and gives up 1.6 10 J of energy. What is
the charge on the electron?
1.6 10 J
Loss in potential energy, =
1000 V
U
U qV eV e
V

= = = =
So
Probl m
lution
e
19
1.6 10 C

3
19
19 4
An electron falls through a potential difference of 50000 V. What is the energy acquired by it? (charge
of electron, 1.60 10 C)
Energy acquired, 1.60 10 C 50000 V 5 10 e
e
K U qV eV

=
= = = = =
Solution
Problem
15
V 50 keV 8 10 J

= =


4
= = = =

Soluti
Proble
o
m
n
7
2 7
e
e
An electron entering a magnetic field of 0.01 T with a velocity of 10 m/s describes a circle of 0.6 cm.
Calculate (specific charge) of the electron.
10
0.01
e m
v mv q v e
qvB
r m rB m rB

=

11
2
C/kg 1.67 10 C/kg
0.6 10


5
31 19
e
An electron of energy 150 eV describes a circle in a magnetic field of 0.1 T. Calculate the radius of the
circle. mass of electron, = 9.11 10 kg; charge of electron, 1.60 10 C)
E
( m e

=
Solu
Pr
t
ob em
ion
l
2
2 31 19
4
19
1 2
nergy of electron,
2
2 2 2 9.11 10 150 1.60 10
m 4.13 10 m
1.60 10 0.1
K
K mv v
m
mv mv m K mK
qvB r
r qB qB m qB

= =

= = = = = =





MODERN PHYSICS

6
7 31
e
19
2
e e e
An electron is moving with a velocity of 10 m/s. Find its energy in eV. mass of electron, = 9.11 10 kg;
charge of electron, 1.60 10 C)
1 1
Energy of electron, 9.11 10
2 2
( m
e
K m v

=
= =
Solut
Probl
ion
em
( )
31 14
2
31 7
19
1 9.11 10 10
10 J eV 284.7 eV
2 1.60 10

= =

=
Problem
7
31 19
e
Electrons move at right angles to a magnetic field of 0.015 T with a velocity of 6 10 m/s. Find the radius of
the orbit. (mass of electron, = 9.11 10 kg; charge of electron, 1.60 10 C) m e

= = = = = =

Solution
2 31 7
2 e e
19
9.11 10 6 10
Centripetal force, orbital radius, m 2.28 10 m 2.28cm
1.60 10 0.015
m v mv mv
qvB r
r qB eB

8
19
An electron is accelerated in between two plates maintained at 1000 V. What is the energy in eV acquired by
the electrons? (charge of electron, 1.60 10 C)
Energy acquired, 1
e
K U eV

=
= = =
Solution
Problem
19 16
.60 10 C 1000 V 1000eV 1 keV 1.6 10 J

= = =

9
Problem
The forces on cathode ray particles due to electric and magnetic fields which are at right angles to each
other balance each other. If the magnetic field has an intensity 0.1 T, what is the inte

= =
Solution
6
31 19
nsity of the electric
field? The velocity of cathode ray particles (CRP) is 10 m/s. What PD is required to produce this velocity?
mass of CRP 9.11 10 kg; charge of CRP 1.60 10 C)
Ele
(
ctric
( )

= = = = =

= = = = =

6 5
2
31 6
2
2
19
force Magnetic force 10 0.1 V/m 10 V/m
9.11 10 10
1
Loss in potential energy, V/m 2.85 V/m
2 2 2 1.60 10
qE qvB E vB
mv
U qV mv V
q

10
Problem
In a cathode ray tube, electric and magnetic fields are simultaneously applied at right angles to each other
and the intensity of the magnetic field is so adjusted that the beam remains undefle
=
= = = = =
Solution
6
cted. Show that the
velocity of cathode ray particles is given by . Calculate the velocity when B=0.01T and E = 50000 V/m.
50000
Electric force Magnetic force m/s 5 10 m/s
0.01
E
v
B
E
qE qvB v
B


MODERN PHYSICS

11
p
A non-relativistic proton enters at right angles to a uniform magnetic field of 30 mT. What is the frequency of
revolution of the particle if the field is sufficiently deep? (mass of proton, m
Problem
27
19
2 19 3
1 5
27
p
= 1.67 10 kg; charge of proton,
1.60 10 C)
1.60 10 30 10
s 4.6 10 Hz 0.46MHz
2 2 2 1.67 10
e
mv qB qB eB
qvB f
r m m m

=

= = = = = = =

Solution

12
6
A non-relativistic electron enters a uniform magnetic field of 50 mT with a speed of 10 m/s at right angles to it
and emerges from the field after 0.1 ns. What is the deviation produced by the
Problem
31 19
e
2
e e
field? Show that it does not depend
on the initial speed of electron. mass of electron, = 9.11 10 kg; charge of electron, 1.60 10 C)
Length of the arc of th
(
e cir
m e
m v mv mv
qvB r
r qB eB

=
= = =
Solution
e
19
3 9 e e
31
e e e e
cular track covered [ time elapsed inside the magnetic field]
1.60 10
Deviation, 50 10 0.1 10 0.878 rad 50.3
9.11 10
v
v v eB e
B
m v r m m
eB

= =
| | | |
= = = = = = =
| |
| |
\ \
|
\

13
4
A non-relativistic electron enters into a right-handed coordinate space with velocity 10 m/s at an angle of
60 with the x-axis in the xy-plane. There is a uniform magnetic field of 50 mT alon
Problem
31 19
e
x
g the y-axis. Find the pitch
of the helical trajectory. (mass of electron, = 9.11 10 kg; charge of electron, 1.60 10 C)
Velocity along x-axis, Velocity perpendicular to the field,
m e
v v

=
=
Solution
( )
y
2
31 4
e
19
cos
Velocity along y-axis, Velocity perpendicular to the field, sin
2
2
2 2 2 2 9.11 10 10 sin60
Pitch, sin sin sin
1.60 10 50
v
v v v
mv qB qB m
qv B f T
r m m qB
m v m mv
P v T v
qB qB eB

=
= =
= = = =
| |
= = = = =
|

\

6
3
m 6.2 10 m 6.2m
10

= =

14
A particle moves in a circle of diameter 1.0 cm under the action of a magnetic field of 0.40 T. An electric field of
200 V/m makes the path straight. find the charge to mass ratio of the partic
Problem
( )
2
5
2 2
2
le.
200
C/kg 2.5 10 C/kg
0.5 10 0.40
E
qE qvB v
B
mv q v E
qvB
r m rB rB

= =
= = = = =

Solution

MODERN PHYSICS

15
z x
A proton moves uniformly in a space where there are uniform, mutually perpendicular electric and magnetic
fields with 5 kV/m and 40 mT at an angle 60 with the x-axis in the xy-plane. F E B = = =
Problem
27 19
p
x
ind the pitch of the
trajectory after the -field is switched off. (mass of proton, = 1.67 10 kg; charge of proton, 1.60 10 C)
Velocity along x-axis, Velocity parallel to the magnetic
E m e
v

=
=
Solution
( )
y
2
field, cos
Velocity along y-axis, Velocity perpendicular to the magnetic field, sin
sin
sin
2
2
2 2
Pitch, cos cot
v v
v v v
E
qE qv B E vB v
B
mv qB qB m
qv B f T
r m m qB
m E m
P v T v
qB B qB

=
= =
= = =

= = = =
| | | |
= = =
| |
\ \

( )
p
2 2
27 3
2
2
19 3
2
2
cot cot
2 1.67 10 5 10 cot 60
m 11.83 10 m 11.83cm
1.60 10 40 10
m E
mE
qB eB

| |
= =
|
\

= = =


16
A particle having a charge of 100 C and a mass of 10 mg is projected in a uniform magnetic field of 25 mT with a
speed of 10 m/s. If the velocity is perpendicular to the magnetic field, how lon

Problem
2
g will it take for the particle to come
back to its original position for the first time after being projected?
2
2
Time it will take for the particle to return to its
mv qB qB m
qvB f T
r m m qB
= = = =
Solution
6
6 3
original position for the first time
2 2 10 10
One time period s 25.13s
100 10 25 10
m
T
qB



= = = = =


17
5
A proton goes undeflected in a crossed electric and magnetic field (the fields are perpendicular to each other)
at a speed of 2.0 10 m/s. The velocity is perpendicular to both the fields. When t
Problem
27
p
he electric field is switched off,
the proton moves along a circle of radius 4.0 cm. Find the magnitudes of the electric and the magnetic fields.
(mass of proton, = 1.67 10 kg; charge of proton, 1 m e

=
19
2 27 5
p
19 2
5 4
.60 10 C)
1.67 10 2 10
T 0.05T
1.60 10 4 10
2 10 0.05 N/C 1 10 N/C
m v
mv mv
qvB B
r qr er
qE qvB E vB

= = = = =

= = = =
Solution

MODERN PHYSICS

18
A proton and an alpha particle are projected perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field with equal velocities.
The mass of an alpha particle is four times that of a proton and its charge is twice
Problem
p
p
p p p p
p
2
p p p p
p
that of a proton. If and
are the radii of their cicular paths, then determine the ratio .
r r
r r
m v m v
r
q r m q B q mv mv
qvB r
r qB r m q m v m v
r
q q B

| |

= |

|
| | |
\
= = = =
|
| |
\ \
=
|

\
Solution
p
1 2 1 1
4 1 1 2
v
v

|| |
= = |
|
|
\

19
A proton and an alpha particle are projected perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field with equal linear
momenta. The mass of an alpha particle is four times that of a proton and its charge is
Problem
p p
p p p p
p
2
p p p p p
twice that of a proton.
If and are the radii of their cicular paths, then determine the ratio . r r r r
m v m v
r
q r m v q B
mv mv
qvB r
r qB r m v m v m v
r
q q B

| |

= |

|
| |
\
= = = =

| |
\
=
|

\
Solution
p
1 2
2
1 1
q
q

| |
= = |
|
|
\

20
A proton and an alpha particle are projected perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field with equal kinetic
energies. The mass of an alpha particle is four times that of a proton and its charge i
Problem
p p
p p
p p
p
2
p
p p
s twice that of a proton.
If and are the radii of their cicular paths, then determine the ratio .
2
2
2
r r r r
m K
m K
r
q
r q B
mv mv mK
qvB r
r qB qB r
m K
m K
r
q
q B

| |

|
=
|

\
= = = = =

| |

|
=

|
\
Solution
p p p p
p p
1 1 2
1
4 1 1
m K m K
q q
q m K q
m K



| | | |
| || |
= = = | |
| |
| |
\ \
\ \

21
A proton and an alpha particle are projected perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field after being accelerated
through the same potential difference. The mass of an alpha particle is four times
Problem
( )
p p
p
p
2
p
that of a proton and its charge
is twice that of a proton. If and are the radii of their cicular paths, then determine the ratio .
2
1
2
2 1 2
1
r r r r
m V
r
B q m qV
mv mv mK mV
qvB r
r qB qB qB B q
r
B

=
= = = = =
=
Solution
p
p p p
p
2
1 2 1
4 1
2 2
2
m V
q r m
q
r m q
m V
m V
q
q

| |
| |
= = = = | |
|
\ \

MODERN PHYSICS

22
( ) ( )
An electron of energy 10000 eV describes a circular path in a plane at right angles to a uniform magnetic field of
0.01 T. i What is the radius of the circular orbit? ii What is the cyclotron fr
Problem
( )
( )
31
e
equency? iii What is the period
of its revolution? iv What is the direction of revolution as viewed by an observer looking in the direction of the
field? (mass of electron, = 9.11 10 kg; charge of e m

( )
( )
19
19
7 e
e 31
e
2 31 7
e e
19
2
e
lectron, 1.60 10 C)
2 2 2 10000 1.60 10
m/s 5.9 10 m/s
9.11 10
9.11 10 5.9 10
i m 0.0336 m 3.36cm
1.60 10 0.01
1.60
ii
2 2
e
K K
v v
m m
m v mv mv
qvB r
r qB eB
mv qB qB eB
qvB f
r m m m

=

= = = =

= = = = = =

= = = = =
Solution
( )
( )
19
1 8
31
9
10 0.01
s 2.8 10 Hz 0.28GHz
2 9.11 10
1
iii 3.6 10 s 3.6ns
iv Using the equation , and applying right-hand thumb rule, and keeping in mind that electron is a
negative particle, the d
T
f
F qv B

= =

= = =
=
irection of revolution is seen as anticlockwise while looking in the direction of field.

23
5
A beam of protons with a velocity 4 10 m/s enters a uniform magnetic field of 0.3 T at an angle of 60 to the
magnetic field. Find the radius of the helical path taken by the proton beam. Also

Problem
27
p
find the pitch of the helix which
is the distance travelled by a proton in the beam parallel to magnetic field during one period of revolution.
(mass of proton, = 1.67 10 kg; charge of proton, 1. m e

=
19
x
y
2
p
60 10 C)
Velocity along x-axis, Velocity parallel to the magnetic field, cos
Velocity along y-axis, Velocity perpendicular to the magnetic field, sin
sin
v v v
v v v
m v
mv mv
qv B r
r qB e

= =
= =

= = =
Solution

( )
27 5
19
2
7
5
5 7 2
1.67 10 4 10 sin60
m 0.012m 1.2cm
1.60 10 0.3
2 2 2 0.012
s 2.18 10 s 0.218 s
2 sin 4 10 sin60
Pitch, cos 4 10 sin60 2.18 10 m 4.36 10 m 4.36cm
B
mv qB qB r r
qv B f T
r m m v v
P v T v T

= = =

= = = = = = = =

= = = = =