E-TICKETING

An Industrial training project Report Submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of the Degree of

Bachelor of Technology
in Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Seminar Supervisor:
Mr V.M Thakkar Assistant Professor

Submitted By:
Aman Paliwal Roll No.:10090101006

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Govind Ba ab! "ant Engineering Co ege

#cademic Session $%&'-$%&(

)B*ECTI+E

Contents
I, Acknowled ement!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!."

1 .Pro#ect $escri%tion.......................................................6 2. A&o't (nisoft Technolo ies.............................................) *. +ntrod'ction................................................................, -. .nline /ho%%in ............................9 ". /0stem Anal0sis ............................................................................................11 6. Re1'irement /%ecifications...........................................................................12 ) 2easi&ilit0 /t'd0..........................................................................................1* , /0stem Re1'irements..................................................................................1) 9. (se case $ia ram ............................................................................................................1, 10. 3R $ia ram.....................................................................................................................19 11. Ta&le /tr'ct're................................................................................................................20 12. $ia rams....................................................................................................................... ..22 1*. 4/P framework.................................................................................................................2" 1- /56 /er7er!!!!........................................................................................................29 1". 8oncl'sion!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.*" II.9i&lio ra%h0.......................................................................................................................*6

#CKN)-.EDGE/ENT

+ wo'ld like to e:%ress m0 ratit'de and a%%reciation to all those who a7e me the %ossi&ilit0 to com%lete this re%ort. A s%ecial thanks to Mr. Na endra $ha arra; Trainer at (N+/.2T T38<N.6.=+3/; $ehrad'n whose hel%; stim'latin s' estions and enco'ra ement; hel%ed me to coordinate m0 %ro#ect es%eciall0 in writin this re%ort. + wo'ld to a%%reciate the 'idance i7en &0 other s'%er7isor as well as the 8oordinator Mr. V.M Thakkar es%eciall0 in m0 %ro#ect %resentation that has im%ro7ed m0 %resentation skills &0 their comment and ti%s.

"0)*ECT DESC0I"TI)N
Tit e: 3>Ticketin +enue of t!e "ro1ect: (N+/.2T Technolo ies; $ehrad'n Duration: -" da0s Instructor: Mr. Na endra $ha arra " atform: ?indows ) #pp ication Soft2are 3sed 4ront End: 4/P and /er7lets Bac5 End: M@/56 IDE: Net&eans ).*.1

#B)3T 3NIS)4T TEC6N).)GIES

"

(nisoft Technolo ies; $ehrad'n was esta&lished in the 0ear 2006 with the o&#ecti7e to im%art 1'alit0 ed'cation in the s%here of +T trainin . $'rin the last few 0ears; we ha7e &een s'ccessf'l in hel%in man0 indi7id'als realiAe their %otential and make their 8areer as%irations come tr'e. (N+/.2T offers an inte rated %ortfolio of ser7ices incl'din software>led +T sol'tions; enter%rise transformation; remote infrastr'ct're mana ement; en ineerin and RB$ ser7ices; and &'siness %rocess o'tso'rcin C9P.D. +ts fo'nder is Mr Na endra $ha arra; a rad'ate from ++T Ehara %'r and %ost> rad'ate from the same colle e. <e fo'nded the or anisation in 2006. <e is the lead trainer at the or anisation.

#N INT0)D3CTI)N T) E-TICKETING
6

+nternet has &ecome an essential %art of o'r dail0 life; and com%anies realise that +nternet can &e a medi'm for ticket reser7ation to reach e:istin and %otential cons'mers. ?ith this consens's 3>Ticketin as a whole has ra%idl0 rown.

Online Shopping
?ith %o%'lar trends and demands the conce%t of the +nternet as the wa0 forward to increase %rofit mar ins; com%anies new and old are creatin we&sites here and there. The si nificance for retailers to ha7in a we& site is that a we& site is informational and transactional in nat're CM'r%h0; 199,D as the we& site can &e 'sed for ad7ertisin and direct marketin salesF c'stomer s'%%ort and %'&lic relations. /i nificantl0 accordin to a st'd0 &0 McEinse0 B 8om%an0 and /alomon /mith 9arne0; 3>retailers who sell to their c'stomers thro' h catalo 'esF stores; and online si nificantl0 emer e 7ictorio's amid the e>tail shake o't CPastor; 2000D. ?ith seasonal e7ents and holida0s; the +nternet has &ecome a tool for a 1'ick and stress free method of sho%%in ; allowin retailers to cash in the %rofit from another 'sef'l sho%%in channel. 4'%iter Research e:%ects 200*Gs online holida0 sales to &e led &0 new sho%%ers; res'ltin in a 21 %er cent increase o7er 2002 fi 'res C=reens%an; 200*D. The rowth in holida0 sales is dri7en &0 factors s'ch as; online &ar ainsF time sa7in F a7oidin holida0 crowds and m'ch more. The to% cate ories of .nline /ales accordin to com/core Networks; C2reedman; 2002D are: 8om%'ter <ardware and /oftware A%%arel and Accessories .ffice /'%%lies 9ooks; M'sic and Mo7ies 8ons'mer 3lectronics <ome and =arden <ealth and 9ea't0 =iftin /%ortin =oods To0s and =ames A'tos Pets 2reedman ar 'es that as more cons'mers are a&le to connect to faster +nternet connections cate ories s'ch as A%%arel ma0 e:%erience rowth

"0)*ECT 0E73EST #ND "0)B.E/ INITI#.IS#TI)N

The first ste% in /0stem $e7elo%ment 6ife 80cle C/$68D is the identification of need. The 'ser re1'est identifies the need for chan e and a'thoriAes the initial in7esti ation. The o&#ecti7e is to determine whether the re1'est is 7alid and feasi&le. The o'tcome of the initial in7esti ation is the %resentation of res'lts called %ro#ect %ro%osal. An acce%tance si nat're on the %ro#ect %ro%osal &0 the a'thoriAed %erson and its acce%tance &0 the M+/ de%artment makes it a formal a reement to %roceed with the detailed anal0sis and desi n of the candidate s0stem. The e:istin %roced're of He-Tic5eting8 was done locall0 res%ecti7e to the tra7ellin a enc0; lookin '% and checkin the 7ario's details of different ser7ices in different %laces was a tedio's and c'm&ersome %rocess. +t was e7en error %rone and definitel0 not a %leasant task to %erform. There are man0 %ro&lems in7ol7ed in the e:istin s0stem and has the followin limitations> Time cons'min CAll %rocess was done in7ol7in man'all0D. 6ack of inte ration. $iffic'lt0 in data %rocessin man'all0 in7ol7eD. 8han in the decision at the last moment is a tedio's task. $iffic'lt0 in 7iewin the ser7ice details. C/ince for each time the c'stomer has to

These were the chief reasons for the de7elo%ment of the %ro#ect. To alle7iate the a&o7e lac'na and th's achie7in &etter information retrie7al; the or aniAation has decided to introd'ce the 'se of 9e-Tic5eting8

4)0/3.#TI)N )4 S).3TI)N ST0#TEGIES #ND #N#.:SIS )4 #.TE0N#TE S).3TI)NS

.r aniAations toda0 can &e &enefit from the a7aila&ilit0 of these alternati7es and e7al'ate how the0 can &est &enefit from them in the short to lon term. 2'll treas'r0 centraliAation is toda0 more accessi&le than e7er. The traditional centraliAin str'ct'res are still the %referred o%tions; &'t %a0ment factories are is lowerin the in7estment and &ecomin more critical as the inte ration la0er &etween treas'r0 and the rest of the or aniAation. 2'rthermore; strate ic o'tso'rcin %ro#ect risk &arriers and can si nificantl0 red'ce the e:ec'tion time of a centraliAation initiati7e if not e7en lea%>fro some of the intermediate %hases. ?hile or aniAational centraliAation is a conce%t that is well 'nderstood; its %ractical a%%lication faces man0 challen es that often lead to a slow %ro ression towards f'll0 centraliAed mana ement models. Transition can take different forms and can %roceed at different s%eeds de%endin on the cor%orate or aniAation. +ndi7id'al &'siness as well as form>wide initiati7es; dri7en &0 cost efficienc0; %rocess inte ration or %erformance 7isi&ilit0; enerate new centraliAation>fosterin o%%ort'nities The 'se of reference to centraliAation terminolo 0 re1'ires some 1'alifications: /trate ic coordination I the less intr'si7e form; rel0in on %olicies; %roced'res and 'idelines centrall0 iss'ed. 8om%liance control I &ased on a formal and strict com%liance and re%ortin framework; which co'ld e:tend to central a%%ro7al for certain acti7ities Mandated e:ec'tion I in7ol7in the transfer of some 7al'e>addin acti7ities to a central entit0

10

2'nctional consolidation I mi ration and reor aniAation of entire acti7ities into a new infrastr'ct're

.7er the %ast decade f'nctional centraliAation has e:%erienced a stron acceleration thanks to ra%id de7elo%ments in a%%lication technolo 0 and comm'nication %rotocols. 90 &reakin down some of the &arriers to effecti7e e:chan e; access and circ'lation of data and information; the f'nctional distri&'tion of tasks and acti7ities can &e desi ned in a more fle:i&le manner. 9'siness a%%lications can &e de%lo0ed as sin le lo&al installations and accessed remotel0 and sec'rel0. The0 can interface more easil0 with other s0stems and inte rate a n'm&er of inde%endent or standalone %rocesses. The com&ination of these feat'res takes centraliAation to a new le7el of so%histication and at the same time makes it more accessi&le and a%%ro%riate to a &roader n'm&er of or aniAations. ?hile or aniAational centraliAation is a conce%t that is well 'nderstood; its %ractical a%%lication faces man0 challen es that often lead to a slow %ro ression towards f'll0 centraliAed mana ement models. Transition can take different forms and can %roceed at different s%eeds; de%endin on the cor%orate or aniAation. H8entraliAationJ is commonl0 associated with a n'm&er of stron &enefits that ran e from %'re cost sa7in s to control im%ro7ement; f'll com%liance with cor%orate %olicies; %rocess standardiAation; increased %rod'cti7it0 and e:%ertise consolidation.

11

6#0D-#0E #ND S)4T-#0E 0E73I0E/ENTS

&, S)4T-#0E 0E73I0E/ENTS 3ser interface re;uirements : $reamwea7er 88. IDE Database re;uirements Server "referred Tec!no ogies : Net&eans ).*.1 : M0/56 : A%ache Tomcat ).0.*2 : 4a7a/cri%t; 4a7a C 4d&c -.0;/er7lets*.0; 4/P 2.2 D

$, 6#0D-#0E 0E73I0E/ENTS C1D Penti'm +V %rocessor C2D 1 =9 RAM C*D ,0=9 <$$

12

S)4T-#0E DE+E.)"/ENT "0)CESS /)DE.

+n this %ro#ect we are 'sin the H Evo utionary /ode J which is also referred to as the s'ccessi7e 7ersions model and sometimes as the +ncremental model.

Comparison of different ife cyc e mode s

Altho' h classical waterfall model is the &asic model for all the other life c0cle models &'t it cannot &e 'sed in %ractical de7elo%ment %ro#ects; since these models s'%%orts no mechanism to handle the errors d'rin for %ro#ects that are s'&#ect to man0 risks. This model ass'mes that the re1'irements &e com%letel0 s%ecified &efore the ne:t of the de7elo%ment acti7it0 can start; it cannot &e satisfactoril0 'sed in %ro#ects where onl0 ro' h re1'irements are a7aila&le at the &e innin of the %ro#ect. This model creates &lockin states in the s0stem i.e.; some team mem&ers wo'ld ha7e to wait for a %hase to &e com%lete &efore the0 can start their ne:t acti7it0. This is clearl0 wasta e of reso'rces and s'ch wasta es are rarel0 tolerated in real %ro#ects. +n this life c0cle model; the software is first &roken down into se7eral models CorD f'nctional 'nits; which can &e incrementall0 constr'cted and deli7ered. The de7elo%ment team first de7elo%s the core mod'les of the s0stem. This initial %rod'ct skeleton is refined into increasin le7els of ca%a&ilit0 &0 addin new f'nctionalities in s'ccessi7e 7ersions. 3ach e7ol'tionar0 7ersion ma0 &e de7elo%ed 'sin an iterati7e waterfall model of de7elo%ment. the %hases. This %ro&lem is o7ercome in iterati7e waterfall model &'t it is not s'ita&le for 7er0 lar e %ro#ects and

1*

3ach s'ccessi7e 7ersion of the %rod'ct is f'll0 f'nctionin

software ca%a&le of

%erformin more 'sef'l work than the %re7io's 7ersions. +n this model; the 'ser ets a chance to e:%eriment with %artiall0 de7elo%ed software m'ch &efore the com%lete 7ersion of the s0stem is released. Therefore; the e7ol'tionar0 model hel%s to acc'ratel0 elicit 'ser re1'irements d'rin the deli7er0 of the different 7ersions of the software; and the chan e re1'ests therefore after deli7er0 of the com%lete software are minimiAed. Also the core mod'les et tested thoro' hl0; there&0 red'cin chances of errors in the core mod'les of the final %rod'ct. 2'rther; this model o&7iates the need to commit lar e reso'rces in one o for de7elo%ment of the s0stem. The main disad7anta e of the s'ccessi7e 7ersions model is that for most %ractical %ro&lems it is diffic'lt to di7ide the %ro&lem into se7eral f'nctional 'nits; which can &e incrementall0 im%lemented and deli7ered. Therefore; the e7ol'tionar0 model is normall0 'sef'l for onl0 7er0 lar e %rod'cts; where it is easier to find mod'les for incremental im%lementation. .ften the e7ol'tionar0 model is es%eciall0 when the c'stomer %refers to recei7e the %rod'ct in increments to &e a&le to start 'sin the different feat'res as and when the0 are de7elo%ed rather than waitin for the f'll %rod'ct to &e de7elo%ed and deli7ered. 37ol'tionar0 model is 7er0 %o%'lar for the o&#ect>oriented software de7elo%ment %ro#ects; &eca'se the s0stem can easil0 &e %artitioned into stand>alone 'nits in terms of the o&#ects.

1-

#0C6ITECT30#. "#TTE0N
/ode -+ie2-Contro er
T!e /ode .ayer
The model la0er in a 4a7a &ased we& a%%lication can &e im%lemented 'sin an0 4a7a> &ased technolo 0; s'ch as 349; <i&ernate; or 4$.. +n o'r 8ore9ankin /0stem. The model is re%resented as sim%le 4a7a9eans containin the data and &'siness lo ic in a sim%le data access o&#ect. As far as %ossi&le; the model o&#ects sho'ld &e de7elo%ed so that the0 ha7e no knowled e of the en7ironment. This allows 's to more easil0 re'se them across en7ironments and a%%lications.

T!e +ie2 .ayer

The 7iew la0er of most 4a7a &ased we& a%%lications is made '% of 4a7a/er7er %a es. To facilitate the de7elo%ment of the 7iew; 4a7a %ro7ides a set of 4/P ta li&raries. These ta li&raries allow 's to easil0 %ro7ide f'll0 internationalised 'ser interfaces that interact with the model com%onents of a we& a%%lication. The 7ast ma#orit0 of d0namic ?e& front ends are &ased on <TM6 forms; and 'sers of s'ch a%%lications ha7e come to e:%ect from these a%%lications certain &eha7io'rs; s'ch as form 7alidation. ?ith standard 4/P; this is a tedio's %rocess that in7ol7es recordin the contents of the form and %o%'latin e7er0 form element with information from a 4a7a9ean in case of error. 4a7a facilitates this sort of form %rocessin and 7alidation 'sin 8'stom ta s. These; in com&ination with the 4/P ta li&raries; make View de7elo%ment with forms reall0 sim%le and nat'ral.

1"

T!e Contro er .ayer

4a7a incl'des a /er7let that im%lements the %rimar0 f'nctions of the 8ontroller; which is to ma% the incomin (R6 to a model o&#ect. The /er7let %ro7ides the followin f'nctions: 1. $ecide what action is re1'ired to ser7ice a 'sers re1'est 2. Pro7ide 7iew data to the 7iew *. $ecide which 7iew to show ne:t A 4a7a de7elo%er m'st %ro7ide these actions CmodelsD to im%lement the lo ic of their a%%lication.

-!at is /ode -+ie2-Contro er<

6etGs start &0 lookin at how the Model; the View; and the 8ontroller interact with one another:

4igure

&:

/ode

$=/+C

arc!itecture

As 0o' can see from the a&o7e dia ram; the 'ser interacts with the 8ontroller com%onents C's'all0 re%resented &0 /er7letsD &0 s'&mittin re1'ests to them. +n t'rn; the 8ontroller com%onents instantiate Model com%onents C's'all0 re%resented &0 4a7a9eans or other similar technolo 0D; and mani%'late them accordin to the lo ic of the a%%lication. .nce the Model is constr'cted; the 8ontroller decides which View

16

C's'all0 re%resented &0 4a7a/er7er Pa esD to show to the 'ser ne:t; and this View interacts with the Model to show the rele7ant data to the 'ser. (sin 4a7a /er7er Pa es or /er7lets alone is known as Model 1. Model 2 was not %artic'larl0 inno7ati7e or newF it 'ses /er7lets to resem&le 8ontroller and 4a7a /er7erPa es for resem&lin 7iews.Man0 %eo%le realised that it follows the well> known MV8 %attern that was de7elo%ed &ack in the da0s of /malltalk. As s'ch; 4a7a %ro rammers tend to 'se the terms Model 2 and MV8 interchan ea&l0.

)3T.INE )4 #N#.:>ED "0)CESSES

#CT)0: #D/IN
"rocess:& Re istration of new Administrator Input: 3nter all the admin details like first name; last name; date of &irth etc. "rocess: re istration CformD )utput: re istration s'ccessK re istration fail "rocess:$ View Pendin A ents Input: All the Pendin A ents "rocess: 7iew Pendin A ents CformD )utput: Acce%tKRe#ect "rocess:' View Permanent A ents Input: All the Permanent A ents "rocess: 7iew all the %ermanent A ent $etails )utput: s'ccessKfail "rocess :( Add a new 9's Input: 3nter N'm&er; T0%e; /o'rce; and $estination! "rocess: Add the details in the data&ase

1)

)utput: s'ccessKfail "rocess :? Add a new 9's T0%e Input: 9'sT0%e; +d! "rocess: +nsertion of new T0%e C+d.D )utput: s'ccessKfail "rocess :@ Add .ffer Input: .fferName; A%%lica&le for; time. "rocess: addin .ffer CformD )utput: s'ccessKfail "rocess :A Add New Tri% $etails

Input: 3nter all the tri% details like Tri%id; 6ocationid; etc. "rocess: New Tri% CformD )utput: s'ccess K fail "rocess:B 8han e <alts

Input: 3nter e:istin so'rce; destination details of the 6ocation "rocess: chan e <alts CformD )utput: s'ccessKfail "rocess:C /end Messa es To Notice 9oard

Input: 3nter $escri%tion of the To%ic; A%%lica&le to! "rocess: sendMessa esCadformD )utput: s'ccess "rocess:&% Input: /end Mails

A ents +d; 8'stomer +d

"rocess: send mails CformD )utput: s'ccess

1,

 "rocess:&& 8reate new ro'% Input: 3nter rid and name of the ro'% "rocess: insert=ro'%$etails C=ro'%$etails2orm dfD )utput: s'ccess "rocess:&$ View all the 9'ses Input: View All "rocess: et all the details from $ata&ase Ta&le )utput: s'ccessKfail "rocess:&' View .ffers Input: View .ffers; Time the0 will &e ela%sed. "rocess: 7iew .ffers Cta&leD )utput: s'ccess "rocess:&( 7iew Permanent A ents Input: 7iew all the e:istin Permanent A ents "rocess: all the %ermanent A ents Cta&leD )utput: s'ccess "rocess:&? 7iew messa es Input: 7iew All the messa es that r sent &0 A ents; 8'stomers "rocess: 7iew Messa es Cta&leD )utput: s'ccess "rocess:&@ 7iew 9'ses Input: 7iew all the e:istin 9'ses "rocess: 7iew 9'sesCta&leD )utput: s'ccess "rocess:&A View Tri%$etails Input: 7iew All the Tri%$etails

19

"rocess: =et all the tri% details likeCTri% +d;Timin s..D )utput: s'ccess "rocess:&B 7iew 9'sT0%es Input: 7iew all the e:istin 9'sT0%es "rocess: View 9'sT0%esCta&leD )utput: s'ccess

#CT)0: #GENT
"rocess:& Re istration Input: 3nter all the A entdetails like first name; last name; date of &irth etc. "rocess: re istration CformD )utput: re istration s'ccessK re istration fail "rocess:$ View Pendin A ents Input: All the Pendin A ents "rocess: 7iew Pendin A ents CformD )utput: Acce%tKRe#ect "rocess:' View Permanent A ents Input: All the Permanent A ents "rocess: 7iew all the %ermanent A ent$etails )utput: s'ccessKfail "rocess :( Add a new 9's Input: 3nter N'm&er; T0%e; /o'rce; and $estination. "rocess: Add the details in the data&ase )utput: s'ccessKfail "rocess :? Add a new 9'sT0%e Input: 9'sT0%e; +d; "rocess: +nsertion of new T0%e C+d.D

20

)utput: s'ccessKfail "rocess :@ Add.ffer Input: .fferName; A%%lica&le for;time.. "rocess: addin .ffer CformD )utput: s'ccessKfail "rocess :A Add New Tri%$etails

Input: 3nter all the tri%details like Tri%id; 6ocationid; etc. "rocess: NewTri%CformD )utput: s'ccess K fail "rocess:B 8han e <alts Input: 3nter e:istin so'rce; destination details of the 6ocation "rocess: chan e <alts CformD )utput: s'ccessKfail "rocess:C /end Messa es To Notice9oard

Input: 3nter $escri%tion of the To%ic;A%%lica&le to! "rocess: sendMessa esCadformD )utput: s'ccess "rocess:&% Input: /endMails

A ents+d; 8'stomer+d

"rocess: send mailsCformD )utput: s'ccess "rocess:&& 8reat new ro'% Input: 3nter id and name of the ro'% "rocess: insert=ro'%$etails C=ro'%$etails2orm dfD )utput: s'ccess "rocess:&$ View all the 9'ses

21

Input: View All "rocess: et all the details from $ata&ase Ta&le )utput: s'ccessKfail

#CT)0: C3ST)/E0 "rocess:& Re istration of new Administrator Input: 3nter all the admindetails like first name; last name; date of &irth etc. "rocess: re istration CformD )utput: re istration s'ccessK re istration fail "rocess:$ View Pendin A ents Input: All the Pendin A ents "rocess: 7iew Pendin A entsCformD )utput: Acce%tKRe#ect "rocess:' View Permanent A ents Input: All the Permanent A ents "rocess: 7iew all the %ermanent A ent $etails )utput: s'ccessKfail "rocess :( Add a new 9's Input: 3nter N'm&er; T0%e; /o'rce; and $estination. "rocess: Add the details in the data&ase )utput: s'ccessKfail "rocess :? Add a new 9's T0%e Input: 9'sT0%e; +d; "rocess: +nsertion of new T0%e C+d.D )utput: s'ccessKfail

22

 "rocess :@ Add.ffer Input: .fferName; A%%lica&le for; time. "rocess: addin .ffer CformD )utput: s'ccessKfail "rocess :A Add New Tri%$etails

Input: 3nter all the tri% details like Tri%id; 6ocationid; etc. "rocess: New Tri% CformD )utput: s'ccess K fail

"0)*ECT S:SN)"SIS
Tec!nica Descriptions
Database: The total n'm&er of data&ases that were identified to &'ild the s0stem is 1-. The ma#or %arts of the data&ases are cate oriAed as administration com%onents and c'stomer of &ased com%onents. The administration com%onents are 'sef'l is mana in the act'al master data that ma0 &e necessar0 to maintain the consistenc0 of the s0stem. These data&ases %'rel0 'sed for the internal or aniAational needs and necessities. The Administrator; A ent and 8'stomer com%onents are desi ned to handle to transactional states that arise '%on the s0stem whereas c'stomer makes a 7isit onto the %ortal for makin his transactions faster. The 8'stomer com%onents are sched'led acce%t %arametrical information from the 'sers as %er the s0stem necessit0. G3I: +n the fle:i&ilit0 of the 'sers the interface has &een de7elo%ed a ra%hics conce%t in mind; associated thro' h a &rowsers interface. The =(+G/ at the to% le7el ha7e &een cate oriAed as 2*

 Administration 'sers interface A ents interface 8'stomer 'sers interface The Administration 'sers interface concentrate on the consistent in that is %racticall0 %art of or aniAational act'aries and which needs %ro%er a'thentication for data collation. The Administrator and A ent 'ser interface hel%s the res%ecti7e actors in transactin with the act'al information as %er their necessities with s%ecific to the re1'ired ser7ices. The =(+Gs restrict the ordinar0 'sers from mismani%'latin the s0stems data; which can make the e:istin s0stem non> o%erational. The information with s%ecific to their %ersonal standards and strate ies can &e chan ed thro' h %ro%er %ri7ile es.

/odu es
1D #dministrator /odu e: This mod'le maintains the ser7ices related to s0stem administrator who is a'thenticated '%on the s0stem. This mod'le fairl0 maintains the inte ration &etween the mod'les related to &ackend data&ase and the f'nctionalities carried o't in the whole or aniAation. This mod'le also &inds itself with the a ent and c'stomer details. 2D #gent /odu e: This mod'le maintains the information related to the c'stomers who ha7e &een si ned '%on to the s0stem as well as the internal information of the or aniAation. The mod'le inte rates itself with the other mod'les like the Administrator mod'le and c'stomer mod'le that are %ro7ided &0 the or aniAation. This mod'le acts as a ma#or inte rator with Admin transactions and the re1'ests for a%%ro7als that are raised &0 the c'stomer. *D Customer /odu e: This mod'le mana es and kee%s track of the details of the e:istin ser7ices. +t has interaction to A ent as well as administrator to kee% track of the consistenc0 of information from time to time as the0 are e:ec'ted.

2-

I/".E/ENT#TI)N
"rogram Design .anguage
The %ro ram desi n lan 'a e is also called as str'ct'red 3n lish or %se'do%odia. P$6 is a eneric reference for a desi n lan 'a e P$6 looks like a modern lan 'a e. The difference &etween P$6 and real %ro rammin lan 'a e lies in the narrati7e te:t em&edded directl0 within P$6 statements. T!e c!aracteristics re;uired by a design anguage are: A fi:ed s0stem of ke0words that %ro7ide for all str'ct'red constr'cts date declaration and mod'larit0 characteristics. A free s0nta: of nat'ral lan 'a e that descri&es %rocessin feat'res. /'&%ro ram definition and callin techni1'es that s'%%ort 7ario's nodes of interface descri%tion. P$6 s0nta: sho'ld incl'de constr'cts for s'&%ro ram definition; interface descri%tion date declaration techni1'es for str'ct'rin ; conditions constr'cts; re%etition constr'cts and +K. constr'cts.

2"

P$6 can &e e:tended to incl'de ke0words for m'ltitaskin andKor conc'rrent %rocessin interr'%t handlin ; inter%oses s0nchroniAation the a%%lication desi n for which P$6 is to &e 'sed sho'ld dictate the final form for the desi n lan 'a e.

TESTING )B*ECTI+ES
The main o&#ecti7e of testin is to 'nco7er a host of errors; s0stematicall0 and with minim'm effort and time. /tatin formall0; we can sa0;

Testin is a %rocess of e:ec'tin a %ro ram with the intent of findin an error. A s'ccessf'l test is one that 'nco7ers an as 0et 'ndisco7ered error. The tests are inade1'ate to detect %ossi&l0 %resent errors. The software more or less confirms to the 1'alit0 and relia&le standards. 3nit Testing : The %'r%ose of the codin and 'nit testin %hase of software de7elo%ment is to translate the software desi n into so'rce code.3ach com%onent of the desi n is im%lemented as a %ro ram mod'le.The end>%rod'ct of this %hase is a set of %ro ram mod'les that ha7e &een indi7id'all0 tested.To ena&le the en ineers to write ood 1'alit0 %ro rams; e7er0 software de7elo%ment or aniAation standards that s'its itself.A codin normall0 form'lates its own codin codes; the tem%late for la0in

standard addresses iss'es s'ch as the standard wa0s of la0in o't the %ro ram o't the f'nction and mod'le headers;

26

commentin

'idelines; 7aria&le and f'nction namin

con7entions; the

ma:im'm n'm&er of so'rce lines %ermitted in each mod'le; and so forth.

$'rin this %hase; each mod'le is 'nit tested to determine the correct workin of all the indi7id'al mod'les.+t in7ol7es testin each mod'le in isolation as this is the most efficient wa0 to de&' the errors identified at this sta e.Another reason &ehind testin a mod'le in isolation is that the other mod'les; with which this mod'le has to &e interfaced; ma0 not &e read0. Integration and System Testing : +nte ration of different mod'les is 'ndertaken once the0 ha7e &een coded and 'ni tested.$'rin the inte ration and s0ste*m testin %hase; the mod'les are inte rated in a %lanned manner.The different mod'les makin '% a software %rod'ct are almost ne7er inte rated in one shot.+nte ration is normall0 carried o't incrementall0 o7er a n'm&er of ste%s.$'rin each inte ration ste%; the %artiall0 inte rated s0stem is tested and a set of %re7io'sl0 %lanned mod'les are added to it.2inall0; when all the mod'les ha7e &een s'ccessf'll0 inte rated and tested; s0stem testin is carried o't. The oal of s0stem testin is to ens're that the de7elo%ed s0stem conforms to its re1'irements laid o't in the /R/ doc'ment. .'r %ro#ect is inte rated and tested &0 'sin an acti7it0 &0 name > testin . > testin is the s0stem testin %erformed &0 the de7elo%ment team.

2)

/#INTEN#NCE
Maintenance is an0 work done to chan e the s0stem after it is in o%erational. The term maintenance is 'sed to descri&e acti7ities that occ'r followin the deli7er0 of the %rod'ct to the c'stomer. The maintenance %hase of the software life c0cle is the time %eriod in which a software %rod'ct %erforms 'sef'l work. Maintenance acti7ities in7ol7e makin enhancements to %rod'cts; ada%tin %rod'cts to new en7ironments; correctin %ro&lems. +n this &e retrie7e the data from the data&ase desi n &0 searchin additional co%0 of data; which needs to &e maintained. the data&ase. /o; for maintainin data o'r %ro#ect has a &ack'% facilit0 so that there is an

2,

More o7er o'r %ro#ect wo'ld '%date the ann'al data on to a 8$; which co'ld &e 'sed for later reference.

C)NC.3SI)N
-)0K D)NE: The 9e-Tic5eting8 was s'ccessf'll0 desi ned and is tested for acc'rac0 and 1'alit0. $'rin this %ro#ect we ha7e accom%lished all the o&#ecti7es and this %ro#ect meets the needs of the or aniAation .The de7elo%ed will &e 'sed in searchin ; retrie7in and eneratin information for the concerned re1'ests. G)#.S Red'ced entr0 work. 3as0 retrie7al of information Red'ced errors d'e to h'man inter7ention

29

 (ser friendl0 screens to enter the data Porta&le and fle:i&le for f'rther enhancement ?e& ena&led. 2ast findin of information re1'ested

*0

BIB.I)G0#"6:
0eference Boo5s:

&, T!e Comp ete 0eference --------------------"atri5 Naug!tonD 6erbert Sc!i dt $, *ava Serv et "rogramming --------------------)rie y ', 6tm B ac5 Boo5 --------------------Steven 6oEner (, T!e "rogramming .anguage --------------------Ivan Bayross ?, Soft2are Engineering --------------------*ames

-ebsites: &, !ttp:==222,1ava,sun,com $, !ttp:==222,sunsoft,com ', !ttp:==222,1avasoft,com (, !ttp:==222,apress,com ?, !ttp:==222,orac e,com @, !ttp:==222,1spin,com

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