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1999-2 Thu Bergman

This document discusses selecting online condition monitoring for substation power equipment. It recommends applying reliability centered maintenance and failure mode and effects analysis to identify appropriate monitoring opportunities. Condition monitoring should be integrated with substation automation and standards to extract useful data and direct it to relevant users. A value-based approach considers all costs to identify areas monitoring could reduce inspection, maintenance, and failure resolution expenses.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
62 views36 pages

1999-2 Thu Bergman

This document discusses selecting online condition monitoring for substation power equipment. It recommends applying reliability centered maintenance and failure mode and effects analysis to identify appropriate monitoring opportunities. Condition monitoring should be integrated with substation automation and standards to extract useful data and direct it to relevant users. A value-based approach considers all costs to identify areas monitoring could reduce inspection, maintenance, and failure resolution expenses.

Uploaded by

subidubi99
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 36

A Method of Selecting On-line Condition Monitoring for Substation Power Equipment.

W.J (Bill) Bergman Power System Solutions

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

Basis of Presentation
Canadian

Electricity Association (CEA) CEA Project No. 485T1049 On-line Condition Monitoring of Substation Power Equipment - Utility Needs January 1997. IEEE C37.10.1 Guide to Selecting Monitoring for Power Circuit Breakers

Draft

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

Broader View of Monitoring


View

in context of substation automation

On-line condition monitoring SCADA Intelligent electronic devices (IED) Automated meter reading (AMR) (customer & system) Environmental data Combine above to leverage greater value from individual monitoring investments and goals

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

Substation/Transmission Automation
Means

of combining data to improve available information Means of extracting data to gain relevant information and avoid duplication of monitoring Means of directing information to most appropriate location/user (i.e. operations, maintenance, business, etc.)
IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh 4

Purposes of Monitoring
Reduce

or avoid forced outages, Improve safety to personnel and the environment, Improve equipment or power system utilization, Improve equipment or power system availability, (and reliability), and Optimize maintenance costs
IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh 5

Basis of Selecting Monitoring


Principles

of Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) including:


Failure Modes and Effects (Criticality) Analysis FMEA or FME(C)A

Value-based

Asset Management Review of failure statistics Combine existing available & new signals Commercially products available ?
IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh 6

Reliability Centered Maintenance


Directed

at preservation of function Intended as a logic structure for value based maintenance selection Technique can be used to identify design improvements and select monitoring

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

Reliability Centered Maintenance


Select

RCM system boundaries and interfaces Define functions Failure Modes, Effects, Criticality Analysis Match appropriate maintenance and inspection tasks to failure causes (RCM) Match on-line condition monitoring to failure characteristic (Monitor Selection)
IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh 8

Failure Modes and Effects (Criticality) Analysis - FME(C)A


Identify

functions Identify failure modes Identify failure causes Identify effects of failure modes Identify criticality or risk Select on-line monitoring to match characteristic of developing failure cause(s)
IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh 9

Risk Matrix
Risk Matrix (Risk probability * consequences) Consequence 1 Catastrophic 2 Critical 3 Moderate 4 Negligible I Frequent II Probable Probability III IV Occasional Remote V Improbable

A A A B

A A B C

A B B C

B B C C

B C C C
10

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

Failure Statistics Sources


CEA

Forced Outage Performance of Transmission Equipment for 5 yr periods CIGRE Circuit Breaker and Transformer Surveys IEEE 463-1990 Recommended Practice for the Design of Reliable Industrial and Commercial Power Systems

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

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CANADIAN ELECTRICAL ASSOCIATION EQUIPMENT RELIABILITY INFORMATION SYSTEM FORCED OUTAGE PERFORMANCE OF TRANSMISSION EQUIPMENT

MAJOR COMPONENT
TRANSFORMERS TRANSMISSION LINES CIRCUIT BREAKERS CABLE SHUNT REACTOR BANK CAPACITOR BANK

ONE THREE PHASE ELEMENT

THREE WOOD SINGLE PHASE ELEMENTS

STEEL

BULK OIL

MINIMUM OIL

AIR BLAST

SF6 LIVE TANK

SF6 DEAD TANK

VACUUM

OTHER

VOLTAGE CLASSIFICATION IN kV

110-149

150-199 200-299

300-399

500-599

600-799

ALL INTEGRAL SUBCOMPONENTS

ALL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

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Combining of Signals (example)


interrupter gas density interrupter gas density gas leakage rate prediction of fill time

interrupter gas pressure interrupter gas temperature

with the addition of time

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

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Value Based (Cost/Benefit) Analysis


Areas

of Value (Cost & Benefit)

Inspection Maintenance Consequences of Failure


Important

to include ALL costs since this forms the pool of costs that can be reduced by monitoring

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

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Inspection Costs Considerations


Actual

inspection labor Travel time and costs Contractor services Training time and costs Reporting & analyzing results, technical and management support of inspection activity Support personnel
IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh 15

Maintenance Costs Considerations


Power

system outage costs e.G. Increased losses, loss of revenue Actual maintenance labor Travel time and costs Contractor services Training time and costs
IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh 16

Maintenance Costs Consideration (contd)


spare

parts management, procurement, warehousing, delivery, interest preparation of power system switching schedules and orders, issuing of safe work permits Power system switching effort, installation and removal of workers protective grounding power system outage costs e.g. increased losses, loss of revenue

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

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Failure Resolution Considerations


Actual

failure analysis, rebuild/repair labor Travel time and costs Contractor services Power system outage costs, e.g. increased losses, loss of revenue In and Out costs of failed equipment and replacement equipment, transportation
IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh 18

Conclusions
Significant

benefits to appropriately applied

monitoring Need timely information - not more data Make better use of existing signals & data Condition monitoring is a joint effort between manufacturers (OEM and 3rd parties, utilities (equipment, P&C, communications) and software developers
IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh 19

Conclusions
RCM

& FMEA (and later RCFA) provide logic structure for application of monitoring Significant benefit to standards particularly transducers, communications protocol & data management

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

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Recommendations
Individual

on-line monitoring efforts need to integrate with the larger and longer term issues of substation and transmission automation. need to define long term desired outcomes for on-line monitoring

Utilities

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

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Recommendations
Apply

condition monitoring in context of RCM and FME(C)A


Use Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM), a concept directed at preserving function Use Failure Mode & Effects Criticality Analysis (FMECA) directed at identifying specific failure causes of functional failure modes, suggested as a strategy for identifying and selecting condition monitoring opportunities
IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh 22

Recommendations
Develop

standards for hardware, software and communications protocols Incorporate future on-line condition monitoring into integrated substation automation SCADA, metering, data collection, and protection & controls

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

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Recommendations
Continue

to extract or develop information from available data within the substation better use of existing data supplement ed with additional easily obtained data/information systems need to be developed for on-line monitoring to translate data rapidly into recommended action.
IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh 24

Make

Expert

Recommendations
Optimize

costs with ability to use a stepped or modular approach to on-line condition monitoring implementation. improved monitoring sensors

Develop

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

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Recommendations
Standardize

and expand on failure / diagnostics reporting Further research on failure mechanisms and failure patterns (associated time to failure and degree of warning knowledge)

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

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References
CEA Project No. 485T1049 On-line Condition Monitoring of Substation Power Equipment - Utility Needs January 1997 CEA Forced Outage Performance of Transmission Equipment for Periods January 1, 1988 to December 31, 1992

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

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References

IEEE C37.10.1 draft Guide for selecting monitoring for Power Circuit Breakers
Aimed at guiding users in the selection and application of monitoring to circuit breakers. Based on FMEA, Risk management and Economic analysis Draft stage

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

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References
CSA

CAN/CSA-Q634-M91Risk Analysis Requirements and Guidelines IEC 812 Analysis techniques for system reliability - Procedure for failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) IEC 1025 Fault tree analysis (FTA)

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

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References
The

First International enquiry on Circuit Breaker Failures & Defects in Service ELECTRA No. 79, Dec 1985, pp 21 - 91. {20,000 circuit breakers of all types >63 kV for the years 1974 through 1977; (77,892 circuit-breaker-years)}

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

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References
Final

Report of the Second International Enquiry on High Voltage Circuit Breaker Failures, CIGRE Working Group 13.06 Report, June 1994. {18,000 single pressure SF6 circuit breakers >63 kV for the years 1988 to 1991; (70,708 circuit-breakeryears)}

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

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References
An

International Survey on Failures in Large Power Transformers in Service Final report of Working Group 05 of CIGRE Study Committee 12 (Transformers), published in Electra No. 88, January 1983.

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

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References
IEEE

463-1990 Recommended Practice for the Design of Reliable Industrial and Commercial Power Systems

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

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References
IEEE

C37.10-1996 Guide for circuit breaker diagnostics and failure investigation IEEE 1325-1996 Recommended practice for reporting failure data for power circuit breakers

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

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References
ANSI/IEEE

C57.117-1986 (Reaff 1992), Guide for Reporting Failure Data for Power Transformers and Shunt Reactors on Electric Power Systems ANSI/IEEE C57.125-1991, Guide for Failure Investigation, Documentation, and Analysis for Power Transformer and Shunt Reactor
IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh 35

Reference
Assessment

of Reliability Worth in Electric Power Systems in Canada (NSERC Strategic Grant STR0045005 Prepared by the Power System Research Group, University of Saskatchewan, June 1993)

IEEE Switchgear Condition Monitoring, November 11, 1999 Pittsburgh

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