Thanks to visit codestin.com
Credit goes to www.scribd.com

Scribd
Upload
312 views17 pages

Building Smoke Management Guide

This document discusses building smoke management systems. It outlines various smoke hazards like toxic gases and reduced visibility that can hinder escape and rescue during a fire. Effective smoke management systems aim to contain smoke within the fire location, minimize smoke production, and maintain tenable environments on exit paths. The document discusses smoke control strategies for different building components and ventilation systems, as well as design considerations regarding smoke layer depth, make-up air velocity, and pressure differences. It also lists relevant fire safety equipment and standards, and concludes that smoke management systems can save lives and assist emergency personnel if integrated properly.

Uploaded by

Abemar Gegantoni
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
312 views17 pages

Building Smoke Management Guide

This document discusses building smoke management systems. It outlines various smoke hazards like toxic gases and reduced visibility that can hinder escape and rescue during a fire. Effective smoke management systems aim to contain smoke within the fire location, minimize smoke production, and maintain tenable environments on exit paths. The document discusses smoke control strategies for different building components and ventilation systems, as well as design considerations regarding smoke layer depth, make-up air velocity, and pressure differences. It also lists relevant fire safety equipment and standards, and concludes that smoke management systems can save lives and assist emergency personnel if integrated properly.

Uploaded by

Abemar Gegantoni
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

Building Smoke Management

March 2010
By: Felipe Agustin
Toxic Gas;
CO;
Narcotic gas
Hydrogen Cyanide;
Acidic halides; and
Acrolein
Reduced oxygen level;
High Temperatures;
Reduced Visibility.
Hinder escape;
Hinder Rescue
Contain the smoke within the source of fire
and avoid spreading out to other rooms;
Minimize the production of smoke;
Maintain tenable environment within all exit
access and area of refuge access path for
the time necessary to allow occupants to
reach an exit or area of refuge.
Atriums;
Large Void Spaces;
Areas of Refuge;
Corridors;
Lift lobbies;
Fire compartment
Stairwell Pressurization
Smoke Production;
Type, location and quantity of fuel;
Height cross sectional area and area (volume) of the area to be protected;
Volume of unseparated space that communicates with another large volume
area;
Type & location of occupancies;
Barriers separating adjacent spaces from a large volume space;
Egress routes from large volume space and any communicating space;
Areas of refuge.
Standard Fire Exhaust system
Stop air supply to fire effected floors;
Supply air to all fire unaffected floors;
Extract from fire effected floors;
Stop all extract from fire effected floors;
Maintain 20 Pa Pressure differential
between fire effected and unaffected
floors.
*Uses Larger riser sizes.
Alternative Fire Exhaust system:
Stop air supply to fire affected floors;
Supply air to immediate (one only) floor
above and below fire affected floors;
Extract from fire affected floor;
Stop all extract from immediate (one
only) floor above and below fire affected
floors;
All other floors, stop supply and extract.
Central VAV system:
Stop air supply to all floors;
Extract air from fire affected floor;
Stop all extract from all unaffected
floors;
Use fire rated exhaust fan.
Floor by Floor VAV system:
Supply & Exhaust air shafts sized for
minimum outside air only;
Fire rated exhaust fan to be fitted with
VSD or 2 speed motor control;
Supply air fan to be fitted with VS
controller;
During fire mode: both supply and
extract fan to enable at high speed;
Air exhaust from fire affected floor;
Supply to immediate floor above and
below.
Tempered Outside Air Supplied with Chilled
Beams:
Supply & Exhaust air shafts sized for
minimum outside air only;
Fire rated exhaust fan;
During fire mode MO1 to close MO2 to
open;
Outside air fan supply air to affected
floor above & below fire affected floor for
pressurization;
Return air fan fitted with VS Controller;
Fan to run high speed for exhaust from
fire affected floor.
Design Limitations (NFPA 92B):
Smoke Layer depth = 20% of floor to ceiling
height (rule of thumb not to exceed 1meter;
Based on Engineering Analysis;
Make-up air velocity not to exceed 1.02 m/s to
avoid smoke disruption and spreading;
Door opening shall not force door opening to
pressure limit (max 50 Pa).
Minimum Design Pressure Difference Across
Barriers as per NFPA 92A:
Building Type Ceiling Height Design Pressure
Difference (in w.g.)
AS
Any 0.05 or (12.5 Pa)
NS
9 ft or 2.7 meter 0.10 or (25 Pa)
NS 15 ft or 4.6 meters 0.14 or (35 Pa)
NS
21 ft or 6.4 meters 0.18 or (45 Pa)
Note: AS Sprinklered; NS Non Sprinklered
ALGEBRAIC EQUATIONS
REFER TO CHAPTER 6
OF NFPA 92B;
SCALE MODELLING
REFER TO SECTION 5.6
OF NFPA 92B;
COMPUTATIONAL FLUID
DYNAMICS COMPUTER
SIMULATION
Smoke Dampers Shall be listed in accordance with ANSI/UL 555S;
Control System shall be listed in accordance with ANSI/UL 864
Standard for Control Units and Accessories for Fire Alarm Systems;
Smoke Detectors
Conventional type
Beam type:
Projected; and
Optical;
Fire Curtains - Shall be listed in accordance with ANSI/UL 268;
Fans
SAVES LIFE;
CAN BE INTEGRATED WITH MECHANICAL
VENTILATION SYSTEMS;
CAN BE DESIGNED TO ASSIST
EMERGENCY RESPONSE PERSONNEL;
CAN BE USED AS POST FIRE SMOKE
REMOVAL

You might also like