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Image Processing

Image processing involves manipulating images through digital technology to perform tasks like image processing, analysis, and understanding. It includes extracting features from images and using classification or description algorithms to analyze patterns in images in either a top-down or bottom-up approach. Common applications include enhancing images, extracting regions or edges, and classifying images.

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419 views3 pages

Image Processing

Image processing involves manipulating images through digital technology to perform tasks like image processing, analysis, and understanding. It includes extracting features from images and using classification or description algorithms to analyze patterns in images in either a top-down or bottom-up approach. Common applications include enhancing images, extracting regions or edges, and classifying images.

Uploaded by

esuncak
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Image processing

As the speed, capability, and economic advantages of modern signal


processing devices continue to increase, there is simultaneously an
increase in efforts aimed at developing sophisticated, real-time
automatic systems capable of emulating human abilities.

Modern digital technology has made it possible to manipulate multi-


dimensional signals with systems that range from simple digital circuits
to advanced parallel computers. The goal of this manipulation can be
divided into three categories:

• Image Processing image in -> image out


• Image Analysis image in -> measurements out
• Image Understanding image in -> high-level description out

Pattern Recognition
PR is a science concerns the description or classification (recognition)
of measurements, usually based on underlying model. The two major
approaches to pattern recognition are the statistical (or decision
theoretic) and the syntactic (or structural) approaches.

(Statistical)

Classification
algorithm Classification

Observed Feature
world Sensor
extraction
(camera)
data algorithm (Syntactic)

Description
Description
algorithm
Image analysis
We live in the three-dimensional world and energy is converted into
two-dimensional entities called image by either our visual system or an
electronic sensor, such as camera.

Image analysis may be accomplished in a number of ways. For


example, low-level features may be extracted from the grey-level
image data, and this feature information processed sequentially, at
increased high level. This is the bottom up or data directed approach.
Conversely, we might hypothesize at the highest level scene
characteristics and then proceed sequentially toward the low-levels,
until the raw image grey-levels have been reached. This is an example
of top-down approach. In practice, algorithmic approaches employ
both of these approaches.

Physical
world

Scene
models
Top - down

.
Scene
instances

**Assumes viewing
*
geometry and sensor
model (e.g. ,p.p. Image
Transform) instances
Bottom - up

Unification
** And other
**
a priori Input image
information
(to be analyzed)
Image
Input Preprocessing Enhancement Feature based
Matching/
image operations operators extraction results
description
(e.g. noise (e.g. edge (e.g. region
(e.g. classification)
reduction) detection) segmen.)
Possible
algorithmic
interaction

Motion control Captured image

Position feedback

Video
DSP Capture
(filters, Prog., etc..) card

Raw im age
Host
Filtered Image computer One Image every 5 sec.

Motion control

Image processing

Typical Control System with Image Processing


Capability

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