The

TheZZdistribution
distributiontable
table

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0.0 0.00000 0.00399 0.00798 0.01197 0.01595 0.01994 0.02392 0.02790 0.03188 0.03586
0.1 0.03983 0.04380 0.04776 0.05172 0.05567 0.05962 0.06356 0.06749 0.07142 0.07535
0.2 0.07926 0.08317 0.08706 0.09095 0.09483 0.09871 0.10257 0.10642 0.11026 0.11409
0.3 0.11791 0.12172 0.12552 0.12930 0.13307 0.13683 0.14058 0.14431 0.14803 0.15173
0.4 0.15542 0.15910 0.16276 0.16640 0.17003 0.17364 0.17724 0.18082 0.18439 0.18793
0.5 0.19146 0.19497 0.19847 0.20194 0.20540 0.20884 0.21226 0.21566 0.21904 0.22240
0.6 0.22575 0.22907 0.23237 0.23565 0.23891 0.24215 0.24537 0.24857 0.25175 0.25490
0.7 0.25804 0.26115 0.26424 0.26730 0.27035 0.27337 0.27637 0.27935 0.28230 0.28524
0.8 0.28814 0.29103 0.29389 0.29673 0.29955 0.30234 0.30511 0.30785 0.31057 0.31327
0.9 0.31594 0.31859 0.32121 0.32381 0.32639 0.32894 0.33147 0.33398 0.33646 0.33891
1.0 0.34134 0.34375 0.34614 0.34849 0.35083 0.35314 0.35543 0.35769 0.35993 0.36214
1.1 0.36433 0.36650 0.36864 0.37076 0.37286 0.37493 0.37698 0.37900 0.38100 0.38298
1.2 0.38493 0.38686 0.38877 0.39065 0.39251 0.39435 0.39617 0.39796 0.39973 0.40147
1.3 0.40320 0.40490 0.40658 0.40824 0.40988 0.41149 0.41309 0.41466 0.41621 0.41774
1.4 0.41924 0.42073 0.42220 0.42364 0.42507 0.42647 0.42785 0.42922 0.43056 0.43189
1.5 0.43319 0.43448 0.43574 0.43699 0.43822 0.43943 0.44062 0.44179 0.44295 0.44408
1.6 0.44520 0.44630 0.44738 0.44845 0.44950 0.45053 0.45154 0.45254 0.45352 0.45449
1.7 0.45543 0.45637 0.45728 0.45818 0.45907 0.45994 0.46080 0.46164 0.46246 0.46327
1.8 0.46407 0.46485 0.46562 0.46638 0.46712 0.46784 0.46856 0.46926 0.46995 0.47062
1.9 0.47128 0.47193 0.47257 0.47320 0.47381 0.47441 0.47500 0.47558 0.47615 0.47670
2.0 0.47725 0.47778 0.47831 0.47882 0.47932 0.47982 0.48030 0.48077 0.48124 0.48169
2.1 0.48214 0.48257 0.48300 0.48341 0.48382 0.48422 0.48461 0.48500 0.48537 0.48574
2.2 0.48610 0.48645 0.48679 0.48713 0.48745 0.48778 0.48809 0.48840 0.48870 0.48899
2.3 0.48928 0.48956 0.48983 0.49010 0.49036 0.49061 0.49086 0.49111 0.49134 0.49158
2.4 0.49180 0.49202 0.49224 0.49245 0.49266 0.49286 0.49305 0.49324 0.49343 0.49361
2.5 0.49379 0.49396 0.49413 0.49430 0.49446 0.49461 0.49477 0.49492 0.49506 0.49520
2.6 0.49534 0.49547 0.49560 0.49573 0.49585 0.49598 0.49609 0.49621 0.49632 0.49643
2.7 0.49653 0.49664 0.49674 0.49683 0.49693 0.49702 0.49711 0.49720 0.49728 0.49736
2.8 0.49744 0.49752 0.49760 0.49767 0.49774 0.49781 0.49788 0.49795 0.49801 0.49807
2.9 0.49813 0.49819 0.49825 0.49831 0.49836 0.49841 0.49846 0.49851 0.49856 0.49861
3.0 0.49865 0.49869 0.49874 0.49878 0.49882 0.49886 0.49889 0.49893 0.49896 0.49900
3.1 0.49903 0.49906 0.49910 0.49913 0.49916 0.49918 0.49921 0.49924 0.49926 0.49929
3.2 0.49931 0.49934 0.49936 0.49938 0.49940 0.49942 0.49944 0.49946 0.49948 0.49950
3.3 0.49952 0.49953 0.49955 0.49957 0.49958 0.49960 0.49961 0.49962 0.49964 0.49965
3.4 0.49966 0.49968 0.49969 0.49970 0.49971 0.49972 0.49973 0.49974 0.49975 0.49976
3.5 0.49977 0.49978 0.49978 0.49979 0.49980 0.49981 0.49981 0.49982 0.49983 0.49983
3.6 0.49984 0.49985 0.49985 0.49986 0.49986 0.49987 0.49987 0.49988 0.49988 0.49989
3.7 0.49989 0.49990 0.49990 0.49990 0.49991 0.49991 0.49992 0.49992 0.49992 0.49992
3.8 0.49993 0.49993 0.49993 0.49994 0.49994 0.49994 0.49994 0.49995 0.49995 0.49995
3.9 0.49995 0.49995 0.49996 0.49996 0.49996 0.49996 0.49996 0.49996 0.49997 0.49997
4.0 0.49997 0.49997 0.49997 0.49997 0.49997 0.49997 0.49998 0.49998 0.49998 0.49998
4.1 0.49998 0.49998 0.49998 0.49998 0.49998 0.49998 0.49998 0.49998 0.49999 0.49999
4.2 0.49999 0.49999 0.49999 0.49999 0.49999 0.49999 0.49999 0.49999 0.49999 0.49999
4.3 0.49999 0.49999 0.49999 0.49999 0.49999 0.49999 0.49999 0.49999 0.49999 0.49999
4.4 0.49999 0.49999 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000
4.5 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000
4.6 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000
4.7 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000
4.8 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000
4.9 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000
 The
Thet tdistribution
distributiontable
table

 0.1 0.075 0.05 0.025 0.01 0.0075 0.005 0.0025 0.001 0.0005
1 3.0777 4.1653 6.3138 12.7062 31.8205 42.4335 63.6567 127.3213 318.3088 636.6192
2 1.8856 2.2819 2.9200 4.3027 6.9646 8.0728 9.9248 14.0890 22.3271 31.5991
3 1.6377 1.9243 2.3534 3.1824 4.5407 5.0473 5.8409 7.4533 10.2145 12.9240
4 1.5332 1.7782 2.1318 2.7764 3.7469 4.0880 4.6041 5.5976 7.1732 8.6103
5 1.4759 1.6994 2.0150 2.5706 3.3649 3.6338 4.0321 4.7733 5.8934 6.8688
6 1.4398 1.6502 1.9432 2.4469 3.1427 3.3723 3.7074 4.3168 5.2076 5.9588
7 1.4149 1.6166 1.8946 2.3646 2.9980 3.2032 3.4995 4.0293 4.7853 5.4079
8 1.3968 1.5922 1.8595 2.3060 2.8965 3.0851 3.3554 3.8325 4.5008 5.0413
9 1.3830 1.5737 1.8331 2.2622 2.8214 2.9982 3.2498 3.6897 4.2968 4.7809
10 1.3722 1.5592 1.8125 2.2281 2.7638 2.9316 3.1693 3.5814 4.1437 4.5869
11 1.3634 1.5476 1.7959 2.2010 2.7181 2.8789 3.1058 3.4966 4.0247 4.4370
12 1.3562 1.5380 1.7823 2.1788 2.6810 2.8363 3.0545 3.4284 3.9296 4.3178
13 1.3502 1.5299 1.7709 2.1604 2.6503 2.8010 3.0123 3.3725 3.8520 4.2208
14 1.3450 1.5231 1.7613 2.1448 2.6245 2.7714 2.9768 3.3257 3.7874 4.1405
15 1.3406 1.5172 1.7531 2.1314 2.6025 2.7462 2.9467 3.2860 3.7328 4.0728
16 1.3368 1.5121 1.7459 2.1199 2.5835 2.7245 2.9208 3.2520 3.6862 4.0150
17 1.3334 1.5077 1.7396 2.1098 2.5669 2.7056 2.8982 3.2224 3.6458 3.9651
18 1.3304 1.5037 1.7341 2.1009 2.5524 2.6889 2.8784 3.1966 3.6105 3.9216
19 1.3277 1.5002 1.7291 2.0930 2.5395 2.6742 2.8609 3.1737 3.5794 3.8834
20 1.3253 1.4970 1.7247 2.0860 2.5280 2.6611 2.8453 3.1534 3.5518 3.8495
21 1.3232 1.4942 1.7207 2.0796 2.5176 2.6493 2.8314 3.1352 3.5272 3.8193
22 1.3212 1.4916 1.7171 2.0739 2.5083 2.6387 2.8188 3.1188 3.5050 3.7921
23 1.3195 1.4893 1.7139 2.0687 2.4999 2.6290 2.8073 3.1040 3.4850 3.7676
24 1.3178 1.4871 1.7109 2.0639 2.4922 2.6203 2.7969 3.0905 3.4668 3.7454
25 1.3163 1.4852 1.7081 2.0595 2.4851 2.6122 2.7874 3.0782 3.4502 3.7251
26 1.3150 1.4834 1.7056 2.0555 2.4786 2.6049 2.7787 3.0669 3.4350 3.7066
27 1.3137 1.4817 1.7033 2.0518 2.4727 2.5981 2.7707 3.0565 3.4210 3.6896
28 1.3125 1.4801 1.7011 2.0484 2.4671 2.5918 2.7633 3.0469 3.4082 3.6739
29 1.3114 1.4787 1.6991 2.0452 2.4620 2.5860 2.7564 3.0380 3.3962 3.6594
30 1.3104 1.4774 1.6973 2.0423 2.4573 2.5806 2.7500 3.0298 3.3852 3.6460
31 1.3095 1.4761 1.6955 2.0395 2.4528 2.5755 2.7440 3.0221 3.3749 3.6335
32 1.3086 1.4749 1.6939 2.0369 2.4487 2.5708 2.7385 3.0149 3.3653 3.6218
33 1.3077 1.4738 1.6924 2.0345 2.4448 2.5664 2.7333 3.0082 3.3563 3.6109
34 1.3070 1.4728 1.6909 2.0322 2.4411 2.5623 2.7284 3.0020 3.3479 3.6007
35 1.3062 1.4718 1.6896 2.0301 2.4377 2.5584 2.7238 2.9960 3.3400 3.5911
36 1.3055 1.4709 1.6883 2.0281 2.4345 2.5547 2.7195 2.9905 3.3326 3.5821
37 1.3049 1.4701 1.6871 2.0262 2.4314 2.5513 2.7154 2.9852 3.3256 3.5737
38 1.3042 1.4692 1.6860 2.0244 2.4286 2.5480 2.7116 2.9803 3.3190 3.5657
39 1.3036 1.4685 1.6849 2.0227 2.4258 2.5449 2.7079 2.9756 3.3128 3.5581
40 1.3031 1.4677 1.6839 2.0211 2.4233 2.5420 2.7045 2.9712 3.3069 3.5510
41 1.3025 1.4670 1.6829 2.0195 2.4208 2.5392 2.7012 2.9670 3.3013 3.5442
42 1.3020 1.4664 1.6820 2.0181 2.4185 2.5366 2.6981 2.9630 3.2960 3.5377
43 1.3016 1.4657 1.6811 2.0167 2.4163 2.5340 2.6951 2.9592 3.2909 3.5316
44 1.3011 1.4651 1.6802 2.0154 2.4141 2.5316 2.6923 2.9555 3.2861 3.5258
45 1.3006 1.4645 1.6794 2.0141 2.4121 2.5294 2.6896 2.9521 3.2815 3.5203
46 1.3002 1.4640 1.6787 2.0129 2.4102 2.5272 2.6870 2.9488 3.2771 3.5150
47 1.2998 1.4635 1.6779 2.0117 2.4083 2.5251 2.6846 2.9456 3.2729 3.5099
48 1.2994 1.4629 1.6772 2.0106 2.4066 2.5231 2.6822 2.9426 3.2689 3.5051
49 1.2991 1.4625 1.6766 2.0096 2.4049 2.5212 2.6800 2.9397 3.2651 3.5004
infinity 1.2816 1.6449 1.9599 2.3264 2.5758 3.2905
 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 161.45 199.50 215.71 224.58 230.16 233.99 236.77 238.88 240.54 241.88 242.98 243.91 244.69 245.36 245.95 246.46
2 18.51 19.00 19.16 19.25 19.30 19.33 19.35 19.37 19.38 19.40 19.40 19.41 19.42 19.42 19.43 19.43
3 10.13 9.55 9.28 9.12 9.01 8.94 8.89 8.85 8.81 8.79 8.76 8.74 8.73 8.71 8.70 8.69
4 7.71 6.94 6.59 6.39 6.26 6.16 6.09 6.04 6.00 5.96 5.94 5.91 5.89 5.87 5.86 5.84
5 6.61 5.79 5.41 5.19 5.05 4.95 4.88 4.82 4.77 4.74 4.70 4.68 4.66 4.64 4.62 4.60
6 5.99 5.14 4.76 4.53 4.39 4.28 4.21 4.15 4.10 4.06 4.03 4.00 3.98 3.96 3.94 3.92
7 5.59 4.74 4.35 4.12 3.97 3.87 3.79 3.73 3.68 3.64 3.60 3.57 3.55 3.53 3.51 3.49
8 5.32 4.46 4.07 3.84 3.69 3.58 3.50 3.44 3.39 3.35 3.31 3.28 3.26 3.24 3.22 3.20
9 5.12 4.26 3.86 3.63 3.48 3.37 3.29 3.23 3.18 3.14 3.10 3.07 3.05 3.03 3.01 2.99
10 4.96 4.10 3.71 3.48 3.33 3.22 3.14 3.07 3.02 2.98 2.94 2.91 2.89 2.86 2.85 2.83
11 4.84 3.98 3.59 3.36 3.20 3.09 3.01 2.95 2.90 2.85 2.82 2.79 2.76 2.74 2.72 2.70
12 4.75 3.89 3.49 3.26 3.11 3.00 2.91 2.85 2.80 2.75 2.72 2.69 2.66 2.64 2.62 2.60
13 4.67 3.81 3.41 3.18 3.03 2.92 2.83 2.77 2.71 2.67 2.63 2.60 2.58 2.55 2.53 2.51
14 4.60 3.74 3.34 3.11 2.96 2.85 2.76 2.70 2.65 2.60 2.57 2.53 2.51 2.48 2.46 2.44
15 4.54 3.68 3.29 3.06 2.90 2.79 2.71 2.64 2.59 2.54 2.51 2.48 2.45 2.42 2.40 2.38
16 4.49 3.63 3.24 3.01 2.85 2.74 2.66 2.59 2.54 2.49 2.46 2.42 2.40 2.37 2.35 2.33
17 4.45 3.59 3.20 2.96 2.81 2.70 2.61 2.55 2.49 2.45 2.41 2.38 2.35 2.33 2.31 2.29
18 4.41 3.55 3.16 2.93 2.77 2.66 2.58 2.51 2.46 2.41 2.37 2.34 2.31 2.29 2.27 2.25
19 4.38 3.52 3.13 2.90 2.74 2.63 2.54 2.48 2.42 2.38 2.34 2.31 2.28 2.26 2.23 2.21
20 4.35 3.49 3.10 2.87 2.71 2.60 2.51 2.45 2.39 2.35 2.31 2.28 2.25 2.22 2.20 2.18
21 4.32 3.47 3.07 2.84 2.68 2.57 2.49 2.42 2.37 2.32 2.28 2.25 2.22 2.20 2.18 2.16
22 4.30 3.44 3.05 2.82 2.66 2.55 2.46 2.40 2.34 2.30 2.26 2.23 2.20 2.17 2.15 2.13
23 4.28 3.42 3.03 2.80 2.64 2.53 2.44 2.37 2.32 2.27 2.24 2.20 2.18 2.15 2.13 2.11
24 4.26 3.40 3.01 2.78 2.62 2.51 2.42 2.36 2.30 2.25 2.22 2.18 2.15 2.13 2.11 2.09
25 4.24 3.39 2.99 2.76 2.60 2.49 2.40 2.34 2.28 2.24 2.20 2.16 2.14 2.11 2.09 2.07
26 4.23 3.37 2.98 2.74 2.59 2.47 2.39 2.32 2.27 2.22 2.18 2.15 2.12 2.09 2.07 2.05
27 4.21 3.35 2.96 2.73 2.57 2.46 2.37 2.31 2.25 2.20 2.17 2.13 2.10 2.08 2.06 2.04
28 4.20 3.34 2.95 2.71 2.56 2.45 2.36 2.29 2.24 2.19 2.15 2.12 2.09 2.06 2.04 2.02
29 4.18 3.33 2.93 2.70 2.55 2.43 2.35 2.28 2.22 2.18 2.14 2.10 2.08 2.05 2.03 2.01
30 4.17 3.32 2.92 2.69 2.53 2.42 2.33 2.27 2.21 2.16 2.13 2.09 2.06 2.04 2.01 1.99
120 3.92 3.07 2.68 2.45 2.29 2.18 2.09 2.02 1.96 1.91 1.87 1.83 1.80 1.78 1.75 1.73
The
TheFFdistribution
distributiontable
table(0.05
(0.05level)
level)
s

17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 60 120
1 246.92 247.32 247.69 248.01 248.31 248.58 248.83 249.05 249.26 249.45 249.63 249.80 249.95 250.10 252.20 253.25
2 19.44 19.44 19.44 19.45 19.45 19.45 19.45 19.45 19.46 19.46 19.46 19.46 19.46 19.46 19.48 19.49
3 8.68 8.67 8.67 8.66 8.65 8.65 8.64 8.64 8.63 8.63 8.63 8.62 8.62 8.62 8.57 8.55
4 5.83 5.82 5.81 5.80 5.79 5.79 5.78 5.77 5.77 5.76 5.76 5.75 5.75 5.75 5.69 5.66
5 4.59 4.58 4.57 4.56 4.55 4.54 4.53 4.53 4.52 4.52 4.51 4.50 4.50 4.50 4.43 4.40
6 3.91 3.90 3.88 3.87 3.86 3.86 3.85 3.84 3.83 3.83 3.82 3.82 3.81 3.81 3.74 3.70
7 3.48 3.47 3.46 3.44 3.43 3.43 3.42 3.41 3.40 3.40 3.39 3.39 3.38 3.38 3.30 3.27
8 3.19 3.17 3.16 3.15 3.14 3.13 3.12 3.12 3.11 3.10 3.10 3.09 3.08 3.08 3.01 2.97
9 2.97 2.96 2.95 2.94 2.93 2.92 2.91 2.90 2.89 2.89 2.88 2.87 2.87 2.86 2.79 2.75
10 2.81 2.80 2.79 2.77 2.76 2.75 2.75 2.74 2.73 2.72 2.72 2.71 2.70 2.70 2.62 2.58
11 2.69 2.67 2.66 2.65 2.64 2.63 2.62 2.61 2.60 2.59 2.59 2.58 2.58 2.57 2.49 2.45
12 2.58 2.57 2.56 2.54 2.53 2.52 2.51 2.51 2.50 2.49 2.48 2.48 2.47 2.47 2.38 2.34
13 2.50 2.48 2.47 2.46 2.45 2.44 2.43 2.42 2.41 2.41 2.40 2.39 2.39 2.38 2.30 2.25
14 2.43 2.41 2.40 2.39 2.38 2.37 2.36 2.35 2.34 2.33 2.33 2.32 2.31 2.31 2.22 2.18
15 2.37 2.35 2.34 2.33 2.32 2.31 2.30 2.29 2.28 2.27 2.27 2.26 2.25 2.25 2.16 2.11
16 2.32 2.30 2.29 2.28 2.26 2.25 2.24 2.24 2.23 2.22 2.21 2.21 2.20 2.19 2.11 2.06
17 2.27 2.26 2.24 2.23 2.22 2.21 2.20 2.19 2.18 2.17 2.17 2.16 2.15 2.15 2.06 2.01
18 2.23 2.22 2.20 2.19 2.18 2.17 2.16 2.15 2.14 2.13 2.13 2.12 2.11 2.11 2.02 1.97
19 2.20 2.18 2.17 2.16 2.14 2.13 2.12 2.11 2.11 2.10 2.09 2.08 2.08 2.07 1.98 1.93
20 2.17 2.15 2.14 2.12 2.11 2.10 2.09 2.08 2.07 2.07 2.06 2.05 2.05 2.04 1.95 1.90
21 2.14 2.12 2.11 2.10 2.08 2.07 2.06 2.05 2.05 2.04 2.03 2.02 2.02 2.01 1.92 1.87
22 2.11 2.10 2.08 2.07 2.06 2.05 2.04 2.03 2.02 2.01 2.00 2.00 1.99 1.98 1.89 1.84
23 2.09 2.08 2.06 2.05 2.04 2.02 2.01 2.01 2.00 1.99 1.98 1.97 1.97 1.96 1.86 1.81
24 2.07 2.05 2.04 2.03 2.01 2.00 1.99 1.98 1.97 1.97 1.96 1.95 1.95 1.94 1.84 1.79
25 2.05 2.04 2.02 2.01 2.00 1.98 1.97 1.96 1.96 1.95 1.94 1.93 1.93 1.92 1.82 1.77
26 2.03 2.02 2.00 1.99 1.98 1.97 1.96 1.95 1.94 1.93 1.92 1.91 1.91 1.90 1.80 1.75
27 2.02 2.00 1.99 1.97 1.96 1.95 1.94 1.93 1.92 1.91 1.90 1.90 1.89 1.88 1.79 1.73
28 2.00 1.99 1.97 1.96 1.95 1.93 1.92 1.91 1.91 1.90 1.89 1.88 1.88 1.87 1.77 1.71
29 1.99 1.97 1.96 1.94 1.93 1.92 1.91 1.90 1.89 1.88 1.88 1.87 1.86 1.85 1.75 1.70
30 1.98 1.96 1.95 1.93 1.92 1.91 1.90 1.89 1.88 1.87 1.86 1.85 1.85 1.84 1.74 1.68
120 1.71 1.69 1.67 1.66 1.64 1.63 1.62 1.61 1.60 1.59 1.58 1.57 1.56 1.55 1.43 1.35

The
TheFFdistribution
distributiontable
table(0.01
(0.01level)
level)
 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 4052.18 4999.50 5403.35 5624.58 5763.65 5858.99 5928.36 5981.07 6022.47 6055.85 6083.32 6106.32 6125.86 6142.67 6157.28 6170.10
2 98.50 99.00 99.17 99.25 99.30 99.33 99.36 99.37 99.39 99.40 99.41 99.42 99.42 99.43 99.43 99.44
3 34.12 30.82 29.46 28.71 28.24 27.91 27.67 27.49 27.35 27.23 27.13 27.05 26.98 26.92 26.87 26.83
4 21.20 18.00 16.69 15.98 15.52 15.21 14.98 14.80 14.66 14.55 14.45 14.37 14.31 14.25 14.20 14.15
5 16.26 13.27 12.06 11.39 10.97 10.67 10.46 10.29 10.16 10.05 9.96 9.89 9.82 9.77 9.72 9.68
6 13.75 10.92 9.78 9.15 8.75 8.47 8.26 8.10 7.98 7.87 7.79 7.72 7.66 7.60 7.56 7.52
7 12.25 9.55 8.45 7.85 7.46 7.19 6.99 6.84 6.72 6.62 6.54 6.47 6.41 6.36 6.31 6.28
8 11.26 8.65 7.59 7.01 6.63 6.37 6.18 6.03 5.91 5.81 5.73 5.67 5.61 5.56 5.52 5.48
9 10.56 8.02 6.99 6.42 6.06 5.80 5.61 5.47 5.35 5.26 5.18 5.11 5.05 5.01 4.96 4.92
10 10.04 7.56 6.55 5.99 5.64 5.39 5.20 5.06 4.94 4.85 4.77 4.71 4.65 4.60 4.56 4.52
11 9.65 7.21 6.22 5.67 5.32 5.07 4.89 4.74 4.63 4.54 4.46 4.40 4.34 4.29 4.25 4.21
12 9.33 6.93 5.95 5.41 5.06 4.82 4.64 4.50 4.39 4.30 4.22 4.16 4.10 4.05 4.01 3.97
13 9.07 6.70 5.74 5.21 4.86 4.62 4.44 4.30 4.19 4.10 4.02 3.96 3.91 3.86 3.82 3.78
14 8.86 6.51 5.56 5.04 4.69 4.46 4.28 4.14 4.03 3.94 3.86 3.80 3.75 3.70 3.66 3.62
15 8.68 6.36 5.42 4.89 4.56 4.32 4.14 4.00 3.89 3.80 3.73 3.67 3.61 3.56 3.52 3.49
16 8.53 6.23 5.29 4.77 4.44 4.20 4.03 3.89 3.78 3.69 3.62 3.55 3.50 3.45 3.41 3.37
17 8.40 6.11 5.18 4.67 4.34 4.10 3.93 3.79 3.68 3.59 3.52 3.46 3.40 3.35 3.31 3.27
18 8.29 6.01 5.09 4.58 4.25 4.01 3.84 3.71 3.60 3.51 3.43 3.37 3.32 3.27 3.23 3.19
19 8.18 5.93 5.01 4.50 4.17 3.94 3.77 3.63 3.52 3.43 3.36 3.30 3.24 3.19 3.15 3.12
20 8.10 5.85 4.94 4.43 4.10 3.87 3.70 3.56 3.46 3.37 3.29 3.23 3.18 3.13 3.09 3.05
21 8.02 5.78 4.87 4.37 4.04 3.81 3.64 3.51 3.40 3.31 3.24 3.17 3.12 3.07 3.03 2.99
22 7.95 5.72 4.82 4.31 3.99 3.76 3.59 3.45 3.35 3.26 3.18 3.12 3.07 3.02 2.98 2.94
23 7.88 5.66 4.76 4.26 3.94 3.71 3.54 3.41 3.30 3.21 3.14 3.07 3.02 2.97 2.93 2.89
24 7.82 5.61 4.72 4.22 3.90 3.67 3.50 3.36 3.26 3.17 3.09 3.03 2.98 2.93 2.89 2.85
25 7.77 5.57 4.68 4.18 3.85 3.63 3.46 3.32 3.22 3.13 3.06 2.99 2.94 2.89 2.85 2.81
26 7.72 5.53 4.64 4.14 3.82 3.59 3.42 3.29 3.18 3.09 3.02 2.96 2.90 2.86 2.81 2.78
27 7.68 5.49 4.60 4.11 3.78 3.56 3.39 3.26 3.15 3.06 2.99 2.93 2.87 2.82 2.78 2.75
28 7.64 5.45 4.57 4.07 3.75 3.53 3.36 3.23 3.12 3.03 2.96 2.90 2.84 2.79 2.75 2.72
29 7.60 5.42 4.54 4.04 3.73 3.50 3.33 3.20 3.09 3.00 2.93 2.87 2.81 2.77 2.73 2.69
30 7.56 5.39 4.51 4.02 3.70 3.47 3.30 3.17 3.07 2.98 2.91 2.84 2.79 2.74 2.70 2.66
60 7.08 4.98 4.13 3.65 3.34 3.12 2.95 2.82 2.72 2.63 2.56 2.50 2.44 2.39 2.35 2.31
120 6.85 4.79 3.95 3.48 3.17 2.96 2.79 2.66 2.56 2.47 2.40 2.34 2.28 2.23 2.19 2.15

17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 60 120
6181.4 6191.5 6200.5 6208.7 6216.1 6222.8 6228.9 6234.6 6239.8 6244.6 6249.0 6253.2 6257.0 6260.6 6313.0
1 6339.39
3 3 8 3 2 4 9 3 3 2 7 0 5 5 3
2 99.44 99.44 99.45 99.45 99.45 99.45 99.46 99.46 99.46 99.46 99.46 99.46 99.46 99.47 99.48 99.49
 3 26.79 26.75 26.72 26.69 26.66 26.64 26.62 26.60 26.58 26.56 26.55 26.53 26.52 26.50 26.32 26.22
4 14.11 14.08 14.05 14.02 13.99 13.97 13.95 13.93 13.91 13.89 13.88 13.86 13.85 13.84 13.65 13.56
5 9.64 9.61 9.58 9.55 9.53 9.51 9.49 9.47 9.45 9.43 9.42 9.40 9.39 9.38 9.20 9.11
6 7.48 7.45 7.42 7.40 7.37 7.35 7.33 7.31 7.30 7.28 7.27 7.25 7.24 7.23 7.06 6.97
7 6.24 6.21 6.18 6.16 6.13 6.11 6.09 6.07 6.06 6.04 6.03 6.02 6.00 5.99 5.82 5.74
8 5.44 5.41 5.38 5.36 5.34 5.32 5.30 5.28 5.26 5.25 5.23 5.22 5.21 5.20 5.03 4.95
9 4.89 4.86 4.83 4.81 4.79 4.77 4.75 4.73 4.71 4.70 4.68 4.67 4.66 4.65 4.48 4.40
10 4.49 4.46 4.43 4.41 4.38 4.36 4.34 4.33 4.31 4.30 4.28 4.27 4.26 4.25 4.08 4.00
11 4.18 4.15 4.12 4.10 4.08 4.06 4.04 4.02 4.01 3.99 3.98 3.96 3.95 3.94 3.78 3.69
12 3.94 3.91 3.88 3.86 3.84 3.82 3.80 3.78 3.76 3.75 3.74 3.72 3.71 3.70 3.54 3.45
13 3.75 3.72 3.69 3.66 3.64 3.62 3.60 3.59 3.57 3.56 3.54 3.53 3.52 3.51 3.34 3.25
14 3.59 3.56 3.53 3.51 3.48 3.46 3.44 3.43 3.41 3.40 3.38 3.37 3.36 3.35 3.18 3.09
15 3.45 3.42 3.40 3.37 3.35 3.33 3.31 3.29 3.28 3.26 3.25 3.24 3.23 3.21 3.05 2.96
16 3.34 3.31 3.28 3.26 3.24 3.22 3.20 3.18 3.16 3.15 3.14 3.12 3.11 3.10 2.93 2.84
17 3.24 3.21 3.19 3.16 3.14 3.12 3.10 3.08 3.07 3.05 3.04 3.03 3.01 3.00 2.83 2.75
18 3.16 3.13 3.10 3.08 3.05 3.03 3.02 3.00 2.98 2.97 2.95 2.94 2.93 2.92 2.75 2.66
19 3.08 3.05 3.03 3.00 2.98 2.96 2.94 2.92 2.91 2.89 2.88 2.87 2.86 2.84 2.67 2.58
20 3.02 2.99 2.96 2.94 2.92 2.90 2.88 2.86 2.84 2.83 2.81 2.80 2.79 2.78 2.61 2.52
21 2.96 2.93 2.90 2.88 2.86 2.84 2.82 2.80 2.79 2.77 2.76 2.74 2.73 2.72 2.55 2.46
22 2.91 2.88 2.85 2.83 2.81 2.78 2.77 2.75 2.73 2.72 2.70 2.69 2.68 2.67 2.50 2.40
23 2.86 2.83 2.80 2.78 2.76 2.74 2.72 2.70 2.69 2.67 2.66 2.64 2.63 2.62 2.45 2.35
24 2.82 2.79 2.76 2.74 2.72 2.70 2.68 2.66 2.64 2.63 2.61 2.60 2.59 2.58 2.40 2.31
25 2.78 2.75 2.72 2.70 2.68 2.66 2.64 2.62 2.60 2.59 2.58 2.56 2.55 2.54 2.36 2.27
26 2.75 2.72 2.69 2.66 2.64 2.62 2.60 2.58 2.57 2.55 2.54 2.53 2.51 2.50 2.33 2.23
27 2.71 2.68 2.66 2.63 2.61 2.59 2.57 2.55 2.54 2.52 2.51 2.49 2.48 2.47 2.29 2.20
28 2.68 2.65 2.63 2.60 2.58 2.56 2.54 2.52 2.51 2.49 2.48 2.46 2.45 2.44 2.26 2.17
29 2.66 2.63 2.60 2.57 2.55 2.53 2.51 2.49 2.48 2.46 2.45 2.44 2.42 2.41 2.23 2.14
30 2.63 2.60 2.57 2.55 2.53 2.51 2.49 2.47 2.45 2.44 2.42 2.41 2.40 2.39 2.21 2.11
60 2.28 2.25 2.22 2.20 2.17 2.15 2.13 2.12 2.10 2.08 2.07 2.05 2.04 2.03 1.84 1.73
120 2.12 2.09 2.06 2.03 2.01 1.99 1.97 1.95 1.93 1.92 1.90 1.89 1.87 1.86 1.66 1.53

The
TheChi-Squared
Chi-Squared()()distribution
distributiontable
table
0.005 0.01 0.025 0.05 0.1 0.25 0.5 0.75 0.9 0.95 0.975 0.99 0.995 0.999
1 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.004 0.016 0.102 0.455 1.323 2.706 3.841 5.024 6.635 7.879 10.828
2 0.010 0.020 0.051 0.103 0.211 0.575 1.386 2.773 4.605 5.991 7.378 9.210 10.597 13.816
3 0.072 0.115 0.216 0.352 0.584 1.213 2.366 4.108 6.251 7.815 9.348 11.345 12.838 16.266
4 0.207 0.297 0.484 0.711 1.064 1.923 3.357 5.385 7.779 9.488 11.143 13.277 14.860 18.467
5 0.412 0.554 0.831 1.145 1.610 2.675 4.351 6.626 9.236 11.070 12.833 15.086 16.750 20.515
6 0.676 0.872 1.237 1.635 2.204 3.455 5.348 7.841 10.645 12.592 14.449 16.812 18.548 22.458
7 0.989 1.239 1.690 2.167 2.833 4.255 6.346 9.037 12.017 14.067 16.013 18.475 20.278 24.322
8 1.344 1.646 2.180 2.733 3.490 5.071 7.344 10.219 13.362 15.507 17.535 20.090 21.955 26.124
9 1.735 2.088 2.700 3.325 4.168 5.899 8.343 11.389 14.684 16.919 19.023 21.666 23.589 27.877
10 2.156 2.558 3.247 3.940 4.865 6.737 9.342 12.549 15.987 18.307 20.483 23.209 25.188 29.588
11 2.603 3.053 3.816 4.575 5.578 7.584 10.341 13.701 17.275 19.675 21.920 24.725 26.757 31.264
12 3.074 3.571 4.404 5.226 6.304 8.438 11.340 14.845 18.549 21.026 23.337 26.217 28.300 32.909
13 3.565 4.107 5.009 5.892 7.042 9.299 12.340 15.984 19.812 22.362 24.736 27.688 29.819 34.528
14 4.075 4.660 5.629 6.571 7.790 10.165 13.339 17.117 21.064 23.685 26.119 29.141 31.319 36.123
15 4.601 5.229 6.262 7.261 8.547 11.037 14.339 18.245 22.307 24.996 27.488 30.578 32.801 37.697
16 5.142 5.812 6.908 7.962 9.312 11.912 15.338 19.369 23.542 26.296 28.845 32.000 34.267 39.252
17 5.697 6.408 7.564 8.672 10.085 12.792 16.338 20.489 24.769 27.587 30.191 33.409 35.718 40.790
18 6.265 7.015 8.231 9.390 10.865 13.675 17.338 21.605 25.989 28.869 31.526 34.805 37.156 42.312
19 6.844 7.633 8.907 10.117 11.651 14.562 18.338 22.718 27.204 30.144 32.852 36.191 38.582 43.820
20 7.434 8.260 9.591 10.851 12.443 15.452 19.337 23.828 28.412 31.410 34.170 37.566 39.997 45.315
21 8.034 8.897 10.283 11.591 13.240 16.344 20.337 24.935 29.615 32.671 35.479 38.932 41.401 46.797
22 8.643 9.542 10.982 12.338 14.041 17.240 21.337 26.039 30.813 33.924 36.781 40.289 42.796 48.268
23 9.260 10.196 11.689 13.091 14.848 18.137 22.337 27.141 32.007 35.172 38.076 41.638 44.181 49.728
24 9.886 10.856 12.401 13.848 15.659 19.037 23.337 28.241 33.196 36.415 39.364 42.980 45.559 51.179
25 10.520 11.524 13.120 14.611 16.473 19.939 24.337 29.339 34.382 37.652 40.646 44.314 46.928 52.620
26 11.160 12.198 13.844 15.379 17.292 20.843 25.336 30.435 35.563 38.885 41.923 45.642 48.290 54.052
27 11.808 12.879 14.573 16.151 18.114 21.749 26.336 31.528 36.741 40.113 43.195 46.963 49.645 55.476
28 12.461 13.565 15.308 16.928 18.939 22.657 27.336 32.620 37.916 41.337 44.461 48.278 50.993 56.892
29 13.121 14.256 16.047 17.708 19.768 23.567 28.336 33.711 39.087 42.557 45.722 49.588 52.336 58.301
30 13.787 14.953 16.791 18.493 20.599 24.478 29.336 34.800 40.256 43.773 46.979 50.892 53.672 59.703
31 14.458 15.655 17.539 19.281 21.434 25.390 30.336 35.887 41.422 44.985 48.232 52.191 55.003 61.098
32 15.134 16.362 18.291 20.072 22.271 26.304 31.336 36.973 42.585 46.194 49.480 53.486 56.328 62.487
33 15.815 17.074 19.047 20.867 23.110 27.219 32.336 38.058 43.745 47.400 50.725 54.776 57.648 63.870
34 16.501 17.789 19.806 21.664 23.952 28.136 33.336 39.141 44.903 48.602 51.966 56.061 58.964 65.247
35 17.192 18.509 20.569 22.465 24.797 29.054 34.336 40.223 46.059 49.802 53.203 57.342 60.275 66.619
36 17.887 19.233 21.336 23.269 25.643 29.973 35.336 41.304 47.212 50.998 54.437 58.619 61.581 67.985
37 18.586 19.960 22.106 24.075 26.492 30.893 36.336 42.383 48.363 52.192 55.668 59.893 62.883 69.346
38 19.289 20.691 22.878 24.884 27.343 31.815 37.335 43.462 49.513 53.384 56.896 61.162 64.181 70.703
39 19.996 21.426 23.654 25.695 28.196 32.737 38.335 44.539 50.660 54.572 58.120 62.428 65.476 72.055
40 20.707 22.164 24.433 26.509 29.051 33.660 39.335 45.616 51.805 55.758 59.342 63.691 66.766 73.402
41 21.421 22.906 25.215 27.326 29.907 34.585 40.335 46.692 52.949 56.942 60.561 64.950 68.053 74.745
42 22.138 23.650 25.999 28.144 30.765 35.510 41.335 47.766 54.090 58.124 61.777 66.206 69.336 76.084
43 22.859 24.398 26.785 28.965 31.625 36.436 42.335 48.840 55.230 59.304 62.990 67.459 70.616 77.419
44 23.584 25.148 27.575 29.787 32.487 37.363 43.335 49.913 56.369 60.481 64.201 68.710 71.893 78.750
 45 24.311 25.901 28.366 30.612 33.350 38.291 44.335 50.985 57.505 61.656 65.410 69.957 73.166 80.077
46 25.041 26.657 29.160 31.439 34.215 39.220 45.335 52.056 58.641 62.830 66.617 71.201 74.437 81.400
47 25.775 27.416 29.956 32.268 35.081 40.149 46.335 53.127 59.774 64.001 67.821 72.443 75.704 82.720
48 26.511 28.177 30.755 33.098 35.949 41.079 47.335 54.196 60.907 65.171 69.023 73.683 76.969 84.037
49 27.249 28.941 31.555 33.930 36.818 42.010 48.335 55.265 62.038 66.339 70.222 74.919 78.231 85.351
50 27.991 29.707 32.357 34.764 37.689 42.942 49.335 56.334 63.167 67.505 71.420 76.154 79.490 86.661
51 28.735 30.475 33.162 35.600 38.560 43.874 50.335 57.401 64.295 68.669 72.616 77.386 80.747 87.968
52 29.481 31.246 33.968 36.437 39.433 44.808 51.335 58.468 65.422 69.832 73.810 78.616 82.001 89.272
53 30.230 32.018 34.776 37.276 40.308 45.741 52.335 59.534 66.548 70.993 75.002 79.843 83.253 90.573
54 30.981 32.793 35.586 38.116 41.183 46.676 53.335 60.600 67.673 72.153 76.192 81.069 84.502 91.872
55 31.735 33.570 36.398 38.958 42.060 47.610 54.335 61.665 68.796 73.311 77.380 82.292 85.749 93.168
56 32.490 34.350 37.212 39.801 42.937 48.546 55.335 62.729 69.919 74.468 78.567 83.513 86.994 94.461
57 33.248 35.131 38.027 40.646 43.816 49.482 56.335 63.793 71.040 75.624 79.752 84.733 88.236 95.751
58 34.008 35.913 38.844 41.492 44.696 50.419 57.335 64.857 72.160 76.778 80.936 85.950 89.477 97.039
59 34.770 36.698 39.662 42.339 45.577 51.356 58.335 65.919 73.279 77.931 82.117 87.166 90.715 98.324
60 35.534 37.485 40.482 43.188 46.459 52.294 59.335 66.981 74.397 79.082 83.298 88.379 91.952 99.607
61 36.301 38.273 41.303 44.038 47.342 53.232 60.335 68.043 75.514 80.232 84.476 89.591 93.186 100.888
62 37.068 39.063 42.126 44.889 48.226 54.171 61.335 69.104 76.630 81.381 85.654 90.802 94.419 102.166
63 37.838 39.855 42.950 45.741 49.111 55.110 62.335 70.165 77.745 82.529 86.830 92.010 95.649 103.442
64 38.610 40.649 43.776 46.595 49.996 56.050 63.335 71.225 78.860 83.675 88.004 93.217 96.878 104.716
65 39.383 41.444 44.603 47.450 50.883 56.990 64.335 72.285 79.973 84.821 89.177 94.422 98.105 105.988
66 40.158 42.240 45.431 48.305 51.770 57.931 65.335 73.344 81.085 85.965 90.349 95.626 99.330 107.258
67 40.935 43.038 46.261 49.162 52.659 58.872 66.335 74.403 82.197 87.108 91.519 96.828 100.554 108.526
68 41.713 43.838 47.092 50.020 53.548 59.814 67.335 75.461 83.308 88.250 92.689 98.028 101.776 109.791
69 42.494 44.639 47.924 50.879 54.438 60.756 68.334 76.519 84.418 89.391 93.856 99.228 102.996 111.055
70 43.275 45.442 48.758 51.739 55.329 61.698 69.334 77.577 85.527 90.531 95.023 100.425 104.215 112.317
80 51.172 53.540 57.153 60.391 64.278 71.145 79.334 88.130 96.578 101.879 106.629 112.329 116.321 124.839
90 59.196 61.754 65.647 69.126 73.291 80.625 89.334 98.650 107.565 113.145 118.136 124.116 128.299 137.208
100 67.328 70.065 74.222 77.929 82.358 90.133 99.334 109.141 118.498 124.342 129.561 135.807 140.169 149.449