Introduction to
Bootstrap
Ron Reiter
Agenda
1. Web development 101
2. Twitter Bootstrap
3. Resources
Web development 101
HTML
Defines the data and structure of the page using elements
CSS
Defines how the data and the elements actually look, and how they
behave when interacting with them
JavaScript
The programming language of the web
How to start
You should remember this boilerplate code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Page title</title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- page content goes here -->
</body>
</html>
Basic HTML elements
Titles - <h1>...</h1> from h1 to h6
Paragraph - <p>...</p>
Simple block element - <div></div>
Simple inline element - <span></span>
Images - <img src=.../>
How to use CSS
Inline CSS
<div style=color: red>This text is red</div>
Style CSS tag
<div class=red-color>This text is red</div>
<style>
.red-color { color: red; }
</style>
External CSS file (put in <head>)
<link rel=stylesheet href=style.css/>
Twitter Bootstrap
Twitter Bootstrap is a popular UI framework
http://getbootstrap.com/getting-started/
As of June 28, 2013, 1% of all websites are powered by
Twitter Bootstrap
Features
CSS resetting for cross browser compatibility
Grid scaffolding for design
Multi-screen support (responsive design)
Mobile first, like jQuery Mobile
And a really good looking UI framework
Features (cont.)
JavaScript plugins
Dialogs
Tabs
Alerts
Carousel
Tooltips
and more.
Customization
1. You can customize the CSS yourself (not
recommended)
2. You can use LESS to compile a Bootstrap
CSS version on your own
3. You can just download a customized version
http://bootswatch.com/
How to add Twitter Bootstrap
You should use a CDN (content delivery network) for
loading resources.
http://www.bootstrapcdn.com/
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Page title</title>
<link href="//netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<script src="//netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.0.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, userscalable=no">
</head>
<body>
<!-- page content goes here -->
</body>
</html>
What are those lines?
We use a shared CDN because chances are that common
files are most likely already cached in the users computer.
1. The <link> tag loads the CSS - the actual bootstrap
styling. This is obviously the most important
2. The <script> tag loads additional JavaScript capabilities
of the Bootstrap framework
3. The <meta> tag is for smaller devices which have a
viewport, and it disables zooming so that the responsive
features of Bootstrap will kick in
The grid layout
12 column row
col-md-12
col-md-6
col-md-4
col-md-2
col-md-2
col-md-4
col-md-6
col-md-4
col-md-2
col-md-4
col-md-2
col-md-2
col-md-8
col-md-2
The grid (cont.)
How to write pages using a grid:
<!-- every row must have 12 columns -->
<div class=row>
<div class=col-md-4>
<!-- content -->
</div>
<!-- need to complete 8 more columns -->
</div>
The grid (cont.)
Bootstrap 3 features an always-responsive grid with a
maximum size:
1.
2.
3.
4.
col-xs-[num] grids have no maximum size (fluid)
col-sm-[num] grids resize up to 750px
col-md-[num] grids resize up to 970px
col-lg-[num] grids resize up to 1170px
You should choose col-md or col-lg for desktop sites.
The grid (cont.)
You can also use two grid sizes for different
screen sizes:
<div class=row>
<div class=col-md-4 col-xs-6>
<!-- content -->
</div>
<div class=col-md-8 col-xs-6>
<!-- content -->
</div>
</div>
Tables
<table class=table>
<thead>
<th><td>Name</td><td>Age</td></th>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Alice</td><td>20</td></tr>
<tr><td>Bob</td><td>25</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
Forms
<form role="form">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="exampleInputEmail1">Email address</label>
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="
exampleInputEmail1" placeholder="Enter email">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="exampleInputPassword1">Password</label>
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="
exampleInputPassword1" placeholder="Password">
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Submit</button>
</form>
Buttons
Buttons can either be button elements, links or
input elements. They will all look like buttons.
For simple links, use the <a> element and
add button styling if needed.
For forms or dynamic buttons, use the button
element.
<button class="btn btn-primary">Primary</button>
<a href=btn btn-primary>Primary</a>
<input type=submit class=btn btn-primary/>
Bootstrap elements
Dropdowns
Tabs
Pills
Navbars
Alerts
Lists
Check out the Bootstrap reference for more:
http://getbootstrap.com/components/
Font icons
To insert a user icon to a button, use the
following syntax inline with any text:
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user"></span>
For example, for a button with a star:
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-lg">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-star"></span> Star
</button>
Icon resources
Glyphicons - Comes with bootstrap
Font Awesome - Recommended
http://fortawesome.github.io/Font-Awesome/
Fontello - Customize your font package
http://fontello.com/
Free icons - many of them over the internet
http://www.pixeden.com/media-icons/flat-designicons-set-vol1
Commercial icons - Shutterstock,
istockphoto, etc.
Resources
Wrap Bootstrap
http://wrapbootstrap.com
Bootswatch
http://bootswatch.com/
Start Bootstrap
http://startbootstrap.com/
LESS
http://lesscss.org/
Font Awesome
http://fortawesome.github.io/Font-Awesome/
Fontello
http://fontello.com/
PlaceIt by Breezi
http://placeit.breezi.com/
Exercise
Design a page with the following layout
Navigation bar
Big heading
Feature Icon
Feature Icon
Feature Icon
Feature text
Feature text
Feature text
Footer
Thank You!
